WO2024087682A1 - 一种高效油冷电机 - Google Patents

一种高效油冷电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024087682A1
WO2024087682A1 PCT/CN2023/102357 CN2023102357W WO2024087682A1 WO 2024087682 A1 WO2024087682 A1 WO 2024087682A1 CN 2023102357 W CN2023102357 W CN 2023102357W WO 2024087682 A1 WO2024087682 A1 WO 2024087682A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
cooling oil
cover plate
cooling
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/102357
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
贾富淳
陈静
李良梓
顾正雍
李旭初
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lishui Founder Intelligent Drive Institute Co Ltd
Zhejiang Founder Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Lishui Founder Intelligent Drive Institute Co Ltd
Zhejiang Founder Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lishui Founder Intelligent Drive Institute Co Ltd, Zhejiang Founder Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Lishui Founder Intelligent Drive Institute Co Ltd
Priority to JP2025523617A priority Critical patent/JP2025534827A/ja
Priority to EP23881271.3A priority patent/EP4611222A1/en
Publication of WO2024087682A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024087682A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of electric motors for electric vehicles, and more specifically, to a high-efficiency oil-cooled motor.
  • New energy vehicles have extremely high requirements for the power density (torque density) of vehicle drive motors due to their requirements for vehicle mass and space.
  • the high speed of vehicle motors has become an inevitable trend recognized by relevant manufacturers.
  • Embedded permanent magnet synchronous motors have become the preferred type of vehicle drive motors due to their wide speed range and high power density.
  • the vehicle drive motor has high requirements for motor speed, and the maximum speed can often reach tens of thousands of revolutions per minute.
  • the various losses generated when the motor is running are converted into heat, causing the motor components to heat up and the temperature to rise.
  • the limit of the temperature rise directly affects the service life of the motor; and because the harmonic magnetic field of the stator armature and the harmonic magnetic field of the rotor magnet will generate large eddy current losses on the magnet, which will lead to an increase in the magnet temperature.
  • the vehicle drive motor has high requirements for motor speed, and the maximum speed can often reach tens of thousands of revolutions per minute.
  • the various losses generated when the motor is running are converted into heat, causing the motor components to heat up and the temperature to rise.
  • the limit of the temperature rise directly affects the service life of the motor; and because the harmonic magnetic field of the stator armature and the harmonic magnetic field of the rotor magnet will generate large eddy current losses on the magnet, which will lead to an increase in the magnet temperature.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency oil-cooled motor, which can cool the rotor more fully.
  • a high-efficiency oil-cooled motor comprises a housing, a front cover plate, a rear cover plate, a stator, a rotating shaft and a rotor core, wherein the stator is arranged in the housing, the front cover plate and the rear cover plate are respectively fixed at two ends of the housing, the rotor core is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively rotatably arranged on the front cover plate and the rear cover plate through bearings, the rotating shaft is also provided with an axial oil passage penetrating the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is also provided with a plurality of middle radial oil passages, and the plurality of middle radial oil passages are communicated with the axial oil passage; the rotor core is also provided with a plurality of rotor oil passages extending from the center of the rotor core to the two ends and the outside, the rotor oil passages are communicated with the corresponding middle radial oil passages, the A cooling oil inlet B is also provided on the front cover plate
  • the cooling oil inlet A passes through the shell between two adjacent water channels and is connected to the annular groove oil channel.
  • One end of the cooling oil pipe is inserted into the rear cover plate and is connected to the inside of the shell, and the other end of the cooling oil pipe is connected to the cooling oil inlet A and the cooling oil inlet B.
  • an oil seal is further provided between the end of the rotating shaft and the front cover plate, and an end radial oil passage is further provided at one end of the rotating shaft, and the end radial oil passage is located between the oil seal and the bearing.
  • a circle of arc-surface annular grooves are provided on the inner sides of the front cover plate and the rear cover plate, and the outer end of the rotor oil channel faces the arc-surface annular groove.
  • the rear cover plate is also provided with a cooling oil outlet near the outer edge of the rear cover plate
  • the cooling oil pipe includes a cooling oil pipe section A and a cooling oil pipe section B, the cooling oil One end of pipe section A is connected to the cooling oil outlet, and the other end is connected to the oil pump.
  • the cooling oil pipe section B is arranged in the water channel, and the two ends are respectively passed through the water channel inlet and the water channel outlet, and one end is connected to the oil pump.
  • the cooling oil pipe also includes a cooling oil pipe section C, a cooling oil pipe section D and a tee pipe, the cooling oil pipe section B, the cooling oil pipe section C, and the cooling oil pipe section D are connected through the tee pipe, and the cooling oil pipe section C and the cooling oil pipe section D are respectively connected to the cooling oil inlet A and the cooling oil inlet B.
  • the water channel inlet and the water channel outlet are respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the outer wall of the shell, and the water channel inlet is connected to the upper port of the water channel, and the water channel inlet is connected to the lower port of the water channel.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention provides a penetrating oil channel on the rotating shaft, and distributes the cooling oil to flow through various parts of the rotor core through multiple radial oil channels, so that the rotor core can be cooled as a whole and the magnetic steel arranged on the rotor core can be indirectly cooled.
  • the outer wall of the casing of the present invention is also provided with a water channel to cool the cooling oil pipe, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.
  • the outer wall of the stator of the present invention is also provided with a cooling oil channel, so the stator can also be cooled faster.
  • the reasonable oil channel distribution design of the present invention greatly improves the cooling effect of the rotor and the stator, thereby improving the overall performance of the motor.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from one angle
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another angle
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a radial oblique cross-section structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the stator side wall structure of the present invention.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating Or imply relative importance or implicitly indicate the number of indicated technical features.
  • a feature defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
  • plural means two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • installed can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection
  • it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection
  • it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them.
  • a first feature being “above”, “above” and “above” a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • a first feature being “below”, “below” and “below” a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
  • a high-efficiency oil-cooled motor includes a housing 1, a front cover plate 2, a rear cover plate 3, a stator 4, a rotating shaft 5 and a rotor core 6.
  • the stator 4 is arranged in the housing 1, and the front cover plate 2 and the rear cover plate 3 are respectively fixed at the two ends of the housing 1.
  • the rotor core 6 is arranged on the rotating shaft 5, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 5 are respectively rotatably arranged on the front cover plate 2 and the rear cover plate 3 through bearings.
  • the rotating shaft 5 is also provided with an axial oil passage 52 that passes through the rotating shaft 5.
  • the rotating shaft 5 is also provided with a plurality of middle radial oil passages 53, and the plurality of middle radial oil passages 53 are connected with the axial oil passage 52; the number of the middle radial oil passages 53 is four, and they are arranged in a cross shape.
  • the rotor core 6 is also provided with a plurality of rotor oil passages 61 extending from the center of the rotor core 6 to the two ends and the outside, and the rotor oil passages 61 are connected with the corresponding middle radial oil passages 53.
  • the front cover plate 2 is also provided with a cooling oil inlet B21 , and the cooling oil inlet B21 is communicated with the axial oil passage 52 .
  • a circle of arc-surface annular groove 32 is provided on the inner side of the front cover plate 2 and the rear cover plate 3, and the outer end of the rotor oil passage 61 faces the arc-surface annular groove 32.
  • the cooling oil thrown out from the rotor oil passage 61 is guided by the arc-surface annular groove 32, so that the cooling oil can be thrown toward the winding end, which can also play a certain cooling role on the winding end.
  • a water channel 15 arranged along a circumferential spiral is provided in the side wall of the shell 1, and a water channel inlet and a water channel outlet connected to a thermal management water pump are also provided on the side wall of the shell 1.
  • a cooling oil pipe is also passed through the water channel 15.
  • a cooling oil inlet A11 is also provided on the side wall of the shell 1, and an annular groove oil channel 41 is also provided on the outer wall of the stator 4.
  • the cooling oil inlet A11 passes through the shell 1 between two adjacent water channels 15 and is connected with the annular groove oil channel 41.
  • One end of the cooling oil pipe is inserted into the rear cover plate 3 and is connected with the inside of the shell 1.
  • the other end of the cooling oil pipe is connected with the cooling oil inlet A11 and the cooling oil inlet B21.
  • the specific setting structure of the cooling oil pipe is as follows: a cooling oil outlet 31 is also provided on the rear cover plate 3 near the outer edge of the rear cover plate 3, and the cooling oil pipe includes a cooling oil pipe section A 101 and a cooling oil pipe section B 102. One end of the cooling oil pipe section A 101 is connected to the cooling oil outlet 31, and the other end is connected to the oil pump 100.
  • the cooling oil pipe section B 102 is penetrated in the water channel 15, and the two ends are respectively penetrated from the water channel inlet and the water channel outlet, and one end is connected to the oil pump 100.
  • the cooling oil pipe also includes a cooling oil pipe section C 103, a cooling oil pipe section D 104 and a tee pipe 105.
  • the cooling oil pipe section B 102, the cooling oil pipe section C 103, and the cooling oil pipe section D 104 are connected via the tee pipe 105, and the cooling oil pipe section C 103 and the cooling oil pipe section D 104 are respectively connected to the cooling oil inlet A11 and the cooling oil inlet B21.
  • the cooling oil from the motor enters the water channel on the side wall of the casing again for accelerated cooling before entering the shaft and the stator.
  • the outer wall of the stator 4 is also provided with an axial connecting oil channel 42 connecting multiple annular groove oil channels 41, as shown in FIG5.
  • the oil channel here can fully cool the stator. Cooling can be done by cooling the stator windings indirectly, thus improving the heat dissipation capacity of the motor.
  • the water channel inlet and the water channel outlet are respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the outer wall of the shell, and the water channel inlet is connected to the upper port of the water channel 11, and the water channel inlet is connected to the lower port of the water channel 11.
  • the above structure allows the water to flow from top to bottom along the water channel, while the cooling oil flows from bottom to top under the action of the oil pump.
  • the opposite arrangement can make the water flow take away the heat on the oil pipe faster, thereby improving the cooling efficiency; of course, in other embodiments, the cooling oil pipe and the water channel can also be arranged in the same direction.
  • An oil seal 7 is also provided between the end of the rotating shaft 5 and the front cover plate 2.
  • An end radial oil passage 51 is also provided at one end of the rotating shaft 5, and the end radial oil passage 51 is located between the oil seal 7 and the bearing.
  • the setting of the oil seal is also to ensure that the cooling oil will not leak easily when the motor rotor rotates at high speed.
  • the setting of the radial oil passage 51 can make the cooling oil flow through the bearing to lubricate the bearing.
  • the end radial oil passage 51 is also four and is arranged in a cross shape.
  • the end radial oil passage 51, the middle radial oil passage 53 and the rotor oil passage 61 are evenly and symmetrically arranged without affecting the dynamic balance of the rotor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

一种高效油冷电机，包括壳体（1）、前盖板（2）、后盖板（3）、定子（4）、转轴（5）和转子铁芯（6），转轴（5）上还设有轴向油道（52）以及中部径向油道（53）；转子铁芯（6）上还设有转子油道（61），前盖板（2）上还设有与轴向油道（52）连通的冷却油入口B（21），壳体（1）的侧壁内设有沿圆周螺旋设置的水道（15），壳体（1）侧壁上还设有连接热管理水泵的水道进口和水道出口，水道（15）内还穿设有冷却油管，壳体（1）的侧壁上还设有冷却油入口A（11），定子（4）的外壁上还设有环槽油道（41），冷却油入口A（11）从相邻两个水道（15）之间贯穿壳体（1）后与环槽油道（41）连通，冷却油管的一端插入后盖板（3）后与壳体（1）内部连通，冷却油管的另一端与冷却油入口A（11）、冷却油入口B（21）连通。合理的油道分布设计大大提升了转子及定子（4）的冷却效果，进而能提高电机整体的性能。

Description

一种高效油冷电机
本申请要求于2022年10月24日提交中国专利局、申请号为202211301319.9、发明名称为“一种高效油冷电机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及电动汽车用电机技术领域，更具体地说，是涉及一种高效油冷电机。
背景技术
新能源汽车由于对于整车质量以及空间的要求，对于车用驱动电机的功率密度(转矩密度)要求极高；另一方面，车用电机高速化成为相关厂商公认的必然趋势。内嵌式永磁同步电机转速范围大、功率密度高的特点已经成为车用驱动电机的首选类型。
车用驱动电机对于电机转速要求高，往往最高转速可达上万转每分钟。电机运行时产生的各种损耗转变成热量，使电机各部件发热，温度升高。其温度升高的限值直接影响电机的使用寿命；且由于定子电枢谐波磁场以及转子磁钢的谐波磁场均会对磁钢产生较大的涡流损耗，进而导致磁钢温度升高。
车用驱动电机对于电机转速要求高，往往最高转速可达上万转每分钟。电机运行时产生的各种损耗转变成热量，使电机各部件发热，温度升高。其温度升高的限值直接影响电机的使用寿命；且由于定子电枢谐波磁场以及转子磁钢的谐波磁场均会对磁钢产生较大的涡流损耗，进而导致磁钢温度升高。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种高效油冷电机，该高效油冷电机能对转子进行更充分的冷却。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种高效油冷电机，包括壳体、前盖板、后盖板、定子、转轴和转子铁芯，所述定子设置在壳体内，所述前盖板、后盖板分别固定在壳体的两端，所述转子铁芯设置在转轴上，且转轴的两端分别通过轴承转动设置在前盖板、后盖板上，所述转轴上还设有贯穿转轴的轴向油道，所述转轴上还设有多个中部径向油道，且多个中部径向油道与轴向油道连通；所述转子铁芯上还设有多道由转子铁芯中心向两端及外侧延伸的转子油道，转子油道与相应的中部径向油道连通，所述前盖板上还设有冷却油入口B，且冷却油入口B与轴向油道连通；所述壳体的侧壁内设有沿圆周螺旋设置的水道，所述壳体侧壁上还设有连接热管理水泵的水道进口和水道出口，所述水道内还穿设有冷却油管，所述壳体的侧壁上还设有冷却油入口A，所述定子的外壁上还设有环槽油道，所述冷却油入口A从相邻两个水道之间贯穿壳体后与环槽油道连通，所述冷却油管的的一端插入后盖板后与壳体内部连通，所述冷却油管的另一端与冷却油入口A、冷却油入口B连通。
作为优选方案：所述中部径向油道为四个，且成十字交叉状设置。
作为优选方案：所述转轴的端部与前盖板之间还设有油封，所述转轴的一端还设有端部径向油道，且端部径向油道位于油封和轴承之间。
作为优选方案：所述前盖板、后盖板的内侧设有一圈弧面环形槽，所述转子油道的外端朝向弧面环形槽。
作为优选方案：所述环槽油道为多个，且平行间隔设置，所述定子的外壁上还设有连通多个环槽油道的轴向连通油道。
作为优选方案：所述后盖板上靠近后盖板的外沿还设有冷却油出口，所述冷却油管包括冷却油管A段和冷却油管B段，所述冷却油 管A段一端与冷却油出口连通，另一端与油泵连通，所述冷却油管B段穿设在水道中，且两端分别从水道进口和水道出口中穿出，且一端与油泵连接。
作为优选方案：所述冷却油管还包括冷却油管C段、冷却油管D段以及三通管，所述冷却油管B段、冷却油管C段、冷却油管D段通过三通管连通，且冷却油管C段、冷却油管D段分别连接至冷却油入口A、冷却油入口B。
作为优选方案：所述水道进口和水道出口分别位于壳体外壁的上下部，且水道进口与水道的上部端口连通，水道进口与水道的下部端口连通。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：
本发明通过在转轴上设置贯穿的油道，并且通过多个径向油道将冷却油分配流经转子铁芯的各个部分，既能对转子铁芯整体进行冷却，又能对设置在转子铁芯上的磁钢进行间接冷却，同时本发明机壳的外壁上还通过设置水道来对冷却油管进行冷却，提高冷却效率，且本发明的定子的外壁上还有冷却油道，定子也能更快的进行冷却，本发明合理的油道分布设计大大提升了转子及定子的冷却效果，进而能提高电机整体的性能。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的限定。
图1为本发明的一个角度的整体结构示意图；
图2为本发明的另一个角度的整体结构示意图；
图3为本发明的轴向剖面结构示意图；
图4为本发明的径向斜剖面结构示意图；
图5为本发明的定子侧壁结构示意图。
附图标记为：1、壳体；11、冷却油入口A；15、水道；2、前盖板；21、冷却油入口B；3、后盖板；31、冷却油出口；32、弧面环形槽；4、定子；40、定子铁芯；41、环槽油道；42、轴向连通油道；43、绕组；5、转轴；51、端部径向油道；52、轴向油道；53、中部径向油道；6、转子铁芯；61、转子油道；7、油封；100、油泵；101、冷却油管A段；102、冷却油管B段；103、冷却油管C段；104、冷却油管D段；105、三通管。
具体实施方式
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、部件和/或它们的组合。
此外，在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示 或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
下面结合附图与实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
如图1至图3所示的一种高效油冷电机，包括壳体1、前盖板2、后盖板3、定子4、转轴5和转子铁芯6，所述定子4设置在壳体1内，所述前盖板2、后盖板3分别固定在壳体1的两端，所述转子铁芯6设置在转轴5上，且转轴5的两端分别通过轴承转动设置在前盖板2、后盖板3上，所述转轴5上还设有贯穿转轴5的轴向油道52，所述转轴5上还设有多个中部径向油道53，且多个中部径向油道53与轴向油道52连通；所述中部径向油道53为四个，且成十字交叉状设置。所述转子铁芯6上还设有多道由转子铁芯6中心向两端及外侧延伸的转子油道61，转子油道61与相应的中部径向油道53连通， 所述前盖板2上还设有冷却油入口B21，且冷却油入口B21与轴向油道52连通。
所述前盖板2、后盖板3的内侧设有一圈弧面环形槽32，所述转子油道61的外端朝向弧面环形槽32。从转子油道61甩出的冷却油通过弧面环形槽32的导向，能有使得冷却油甩向绕组端部，对绕组端部也能起到一定的冷却作用。
如图3所示，进一步的，所述壳体1的侧壁内设有沿圆周螺旋设置的水道15，所述壳体1侧壁上还设有连接热管理水泵的水道进口和水道出口，所述水道15内还穿设有冷却油管，如图4和图5所示，所述壳体1的侧壁上还设有冷却油入口A11，所述定子4的外壁上还设有环槽油道41，所述冷却油入口A11从相邻两个水道15之间贯穿壳体1后与环槽油道41连通，所述冷却油管的的一端插入后盖板3后与壳体1内部连通，所述冷却油管的另一端与冷却油入口A11、冷却油入口B21连通。
冷却油管的具体设置结构如下：所述后盖板3上靠近后盖板3的外沿还设有冷却油出口31，所述冷却油管包括冷却油管A段101和冷却油管B段102，所述冷却油管A段101一端与冷却油出口31连通，另一端与油泵100连通，所述冷却油管B段102穿设在水道15中，且两端分别从水道进口和水道出口中穿出，且一端与油泵100连接。
所述冷却油管还包括冷却油管C段103、冷却油管D段104以及三通管105，所述冷却油管B段102、冷却油管C段103、冷却油管D段104通过三通管105连通，且冷却油管C段103、冷却油管D段104分别连接至冷却油入口A11、冷却油入口B21。
在油泵的作用下，电机出来的冷却油再次进入机壳侧壁的水道进行加速冷却后再进入转轴和定子，所述定子上的环槽油道41为多个，且平行间隔设置，所述定子4的外壁上还设有连通多个环槽油道41的轴向连通油道42，如图5所示。此处的油道能够对定子进行充分 冷却，且间接对定子中的绕组进行冷却，提高电机散热能力。
所述水道进口和水道出口分别位于壳体外壁的上下部，且水道进口与水道11的上部端口连通，水道进口与水道11的下部端口连通。上述结构使得水流沿着水道由上而下流动，而冷却油在油泵的作用下由下而上流动，相向设置能够使得水流更快带走油管上的热量，提高冷却效率；当然在其他实施例中，冷却油管和水道也可以同向设置。
所述转轴5的端部与前盖板2之间还设有油封7，所述转轴5的一端还设有端部径向油道51，且端部径向油道51位于油封7和轴承之间。油封的设置也以保证电机转子高速转动时冷却油也不会轻易漏出，径向油道51的设置能够使得冷却油流经轴承，对轴承起到润滑作用，所述端部径向油道51也为四个，且成十字交叉状设置。所述端部径向油道51、中部径向油道53和转子油道61均匀对称设置，不影响转子的动平衡。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种高效油冷电机，包括壳体(1)、前盖板(2)、后盖板(3)、定子(4)、转轴(5)和转子铁芯(6)，所述定子(4)设置在壳体(1)内，所述前盖板(2)、后盖板(3)分别固定在壳体(1)的两端，所述转子铁芯(6)设置在转轴(5)上，且转轴(5)的两端分别通过轴承转动设置在前盖板(2)、后盖板(3)上，其特征在于：所述转轴(5)上还设有贯穿转轴(5)的轴向油道(52)，所述转轴(5)上还设有多个中部径向油道(53)，且多个中部径向油道(53)与轴向油道(52)连通；所述转子铁芯(6)上还设有多道由转子铁芯(6)中心向两端及外侧延伸的转子油道(61)，转子油道(61)与相应的中部径向油道(53)连通，所述前盖板(2)上还设有冷却油入口B(21)，且冷却油入口B(21)与轴向油道(52)连通；所述壳体(1)的侧壁内设有沿圆周螺旋设置的水道(15)，所述壳体(1)侧壁上还设有连接热管理水泵的水道进口和水道出口，所述水道(15)内还穿设有冷却油管，所述壳体(1)的侧壁上还设有冷却油入口A(11)，所述定子(4)的外壁上还设有环槽油道(41)，所述冷却油入口A(11)从相邻两个水道(15)之间贯穿壳体(1)后与环槽油道(41)连通，所述冷却油管的的一端插入后盖板(3)后与壳体(1)内部连通，所述冷却油管的另一端与冷却油入口A(11)、冷却油入口B(21)连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高效油冷电机，其特征在于：所述中部径向油道(53)为四个，且成十字交叉状设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高效油冷电机，其特征在于：所述转轴(5)的端部与前盖板(2)之间还设有油封(7)，所述转轴(5)的一端还设有端部径向油道(51)，且端部径向油道(51)位于油封(7)和轴承之间。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高效油冷电机，其特征在于：所述前盖板(2)、后盖板(3)的内侧设有一圈弧面环形槽(32)，所述转子油道(61)的外端朝向弧面环形槽(32)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种油冷电机，其特征在于：所述环 槽油道(41)为多个，且平行间隔设置，所述定子(4)的外壁上还设有连通多个环槽油道(41)的轴向连通油道(42)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高效油冷电机，其特征在于：所述后盖板(3)上靠近后盖板(3)的外沿还设有冷却油出口(31)，所述冷却油管包括冷却油管A段(101)和冷却油管B段(102)，所述冷却油管A段(101)一端与冷却油出口(31)连通，另一端与油泵(100)连通，所述冷却油管B段(102)穿设在水道(15)中，且两端分别从水道进口和水道出口中穿出，且一端与油泵(100)连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种高效油冷电机，其特征在于：所述冷却油管还包括冷却油管C段(103)、冷却油管D段(104)以及三通管(105)，所述冷却油管B段(102)、冷却油管C段(103)、冷却油管D段(104)通过三通管(105)连通，且冷却油管C段(103)、冷却油管D段(104)分别连接至冷却油入口A(11)、冷却油入口B(21)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种集成热交换器的油冷电机壳体，其特征在于：所述水道进口和水道出口分别位于壳体外壁的上下部，且水道进口与水道(11)的上部端口连通，水道进口与水道(11)的下部端口连通。
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