WO2023206947A1 - 电机定子、电机以及风力发电机组 - Google Patents

电机定子、电机以及风力发电机组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023206947A1
WO2023206947A1 PCT/CN2022/120945 CN2022120945W WO2023206947A1 WO 2023206947 A1 WO2023206947 A1 WO 2023206947A1 CN 2022120945 W CN2022120945 W CN 2022120945W WO 2023206947 A1 WO2023206947 A1 WO 2023206947A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stator
base
motor
air
end ring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/120945
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵江玮
胡葆福
Original Assignee
金风科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023206947A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023206947A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
    • H02K3/50—Fastening of winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/22—Auxiliary parts of casings not covered by groups H02K5/06-H02K5/20, e.g. shaped to form connection boxes or terminal boxes

Definitions

  • the present disclosure belongs to the field of motors, and in particular relates to a motor stator, a motor and a wind turbine generator.
  • the present disclosure provides a motor stator to make the motor stator compact.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a motor stator provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged structural view of the base assembly in Figure 2.
  • FIG 4 is an axial cross-sectional view of a motor stator provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • End ring card holder 1451. Base;
  • the present disclosure provides a wind power generator set.
  • the wind power generator set includes a tower, a nacelle fixed on the tower, a generator installed in the nacelle, and an impeller.
  • the generator rotating shaft is connected to the impeller so that the rotation of the impeller drives the generator.
  • the shaft rotates and is used to generate electricity.
  • the generator can be installed inside the engine room or outside the engine room, depending on your needs.
  • the axial size of the stator of the present motor is smaller than that of a motor stator in which the end ring 19 is disposed on the axial outer end of the stator winding 16, thus making the stator of the motor smaller.
  • the structure is more compact.
  • the stator base 145 may be made of cast iron or cast steel, but is not limited thereto.
  • the stator core 15 can be annular core sheets stacked along the axial direction of the stator base 145; or it can also be arc-shaped core sheets assembled into core components along the circumferential direction of the stator base 145, with multiple core components along the stator.
  • the axial stacking arrangement of the bases 145 is within the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the motor stator may also include an overlapping lead 25, and both ends of the overlapping lead 25 are electrically connected to the end ring 19 and the stator winding 16 respectively.
  • the overlapping lead 25 can be disposed through the shell wall of the stator base 145 so that one end of the overlapping lead 25 located radially outside the stator base 145 is electrically connected to the end ring 19 and is located radially inside the stator base 145 The other end is electrically connected to the stator winding 16.
  • the air collecting channel 143 may be annular and tubular to be set outside the stator base 145 .
  • An air collecting channel is provided on the side wall of the stator base 145 that is in contact with the air collecting channel 143 .
  • the side wall of the air collecting channel 143 that contacts the stator base 145 can be omitted to reduce the material used in the motor stator, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the motor stator.
  • the cross-section of the air collecting channel 143 is C-shaped or U-shaped, and the opening of the C-shaped cross-sectional end surface or the U-shaped cross-sectional end surface is provided on the outer wall of the stator base 145 .
  • the air collecting channel 143 and the stator base 145 are sealed to improve the directional flow in the air collecting channel 143 .
  • the cross-section of the air collection channel 143 includes a pair of opposite channel walls 144 and a top wall connected between the two channel walls 144.
  • the air collection channel outlet 142 can be provided on the top wall, but not This is the limit.
  • there may be a plurality of air collecting duct outlet holes 142 and the plurality of air collecting duct air outlets 142 may be provided on the channel wall 144 , but this is not a limitation.
  • the above-mentioned overlapping leads 25 can be passed through the air inlet holes 1452 of the air collecting duct, thereby reducing the number of openings on the stator base 145 and preventing the stator base 145 from having too many openings and affecting its structure.
  • Strength in addition, reducing the number of openings on the stator base 145 also simplifies the manufacturing process of the stator base 145, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the stator base 145.
  • the end ring 19 is disposed on the circumference of the stator base 145 where the air inlet hole 1452 of the air collection duct is located, so that part of the end ring 19 is disposed at the inlet of the air collection duct. At the air hole 1452, the heat generated by the end ring 19 can be quickly taken away, which improves the ventilation efficiency of the motor.
  • the end ring 19 is connected to the stator base 145 through a base assembly.
  • the base assembly is provided with at least two slots at intervals. The slots match the end ring 19, and the base assembly is an insulating component.
  • the end ring clamp 193 and the base 1451 can also be connected together through a welding process, or the end ring holder 193 and the base 1451 can be integrally cast. Further, the end ring clamp 193 is made of insulating material, but is not limited thereto.
  • the base 1451 can be fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the stator base 145 through a welding process, or the base 1451 and the stator base 145 can be processed simultaneously and directly formed by turning.
  • the stator base 145 is simple to process and low in cost. The manufacturing cost of the motor stator 14 is reduced to a certain extent.
  • the end ring 19 may include a plurality of end ring units 192 , and the plurality of end ring units 192 may be spaced apart and substantially parallel arranged along the axial direction of the stator base 145 .
  • each end ring unit 192 is disposed on In the slot of the end ring holder 193, the adjacent end ring units 192 are prevented from accidentally moving and conducting electricity, thereby improving the reliability of the motor stator.
  • the motor stator provided by the present disclosure can be an axially ventilated motor stator, that is, the cooling air can enter from one end of the motor stator 14 and flow out from the other end.
  • the general flow direction of the cooling air in the motor is from One end of the motor stator 14 flows to the other end.
  • the first end of the stator base 145 is provided with an air collection channel 143
  • the side wall of the air collection channel 143 is provided with an air collection channel outlet hole 142 that communicates with the outside world.
  • the cooling air can pass through the air collection channel air inlet hole 1452.
  • the air enters the air collecting channel 143 and is collected in the air collecting channel 143 and can flow along the extension direction of the air collecting channel 143, that is, it can flow in the air collecting channel 143 along the circumferential direction of the stator base 145, so as to
  • the heat generated by the end ring 19 is taken away, and then leaves the air collecting channel 143 through the air collecting channel outlet 142.
  • the above process is the air inlet and outlet process of the air collecting channel 143.
  • the air inlet hole 1452 of the air collecting duct is used as the air outlet of the stator base 145.
  • the motor stator also includes a base air inlet hole 1453.
  • the base air inlet hole 1453 is provided at the second end of the stator base 145. end, the base air inlet hole 1453 serves as the air inlet of the stator base 145.
  • the cooling air enters the inner cavity of the stator base 145 from the outside through the base air inlet hole 1453, and then enters through the air collecting duct after a series of flows.
  • the hole 1452 is separated from the stator base 145, thereby realizing the flow of cooling air in the stator base 145 and cooling the motor.
  • the cooling air can take away part of the heat from the end ring 19 through the air inlet hole 1452 of the air collecting channel. Furthermore, the cooling air can also take away part of the heat along the air collecting channel 143 from the circumferential direction of the air collecting channel 143. The end ring 19 is kept at a lower temperature.
  • an air inlet channel 146 is provided at the second end of the stator base 145, and the air inlet channel 146 communicates with the inner cavity of the stator base 145 through the base air inlet hole 1453, but is not limited to this.
  • the motor stator 14 may also include a cooling fan.
  • the cooling fan may be disposed on the end flange of the air inlet channel 146, or at the outlet hole 142 of the air collecting duct for directional orientation. Or quantitatively provide cooling air into the stator base 145 .
  • the air collecting channel outlet hole 142 is provided on the side wall of the air collecting channel 143 away from the stator base 145, but it is not limited to this.
  • the motor includes a motor stator 14 and a motor rotor that rotates relative to the motor stator 14.
  • the motor rotor may include a rotor magnetic pole 18 and a rotor bracket 20 for supporting the rotor magnetic pole 18.
  • the rotor magnetic pole 18 may be fixed on the rotor bracket 20.
  • the rotor bracket 20 can be fixed on the motor shaft 12 so that the rotation of the motor shaft 12 drives the rotor bracket 20 to rotate, thereby driving the rotor magnetic pole 18 to rotate, that is, the motor rotor 12 drives the motor rotor to rotate.
  • a gap is provided between the motor stator 14 and the rotor magnetic poles 18 to form an air gap 17, which can serve as a flow channel for cooling air.
  • the base air inlet 1453 is connected with the air gap 17.
  • the cooling air entering from the base air inlet 1453 can flow through the air gap 17 to the end where the end ring 19 is provided, and can enter through the air collecting duct air inlet 1452.
  • the direction of the arrow in Figure 2 shows the flow direction of the cooling air. It flows in the air collecting channel 143 along the extension of the air collecting channel 143, and is discharged through the air collecting channel outlet hole 142 after being collected. It can cool down the entire motor, avoid excessive local temperature of the motor, improve the safety of the motor, and also extend the service life of the motor.
  • first flange 141 and a second flange 147 are provided at both axial ends of the stator base 145 respectively.
  • the first flange 141 is located at one end of the stator base 145 facing the gear box, and the motor end cover 11 can pass through
  • the first flange 141 is fixed on the stator base 145 .
  • the stator base 145 is provided with a motor end plate 21 at one end away from the gear box.
  • a second flange 147 is provided at an end of the stator base 145 away from the gear box.
  • the motor end plate 21 can be fixed to the stator through the second flange 147 on the base 145, but not limited to this, to improve the structural strength of the motor stator 14.
  • the air collecting channel 143 is provided at one end (end cover end) of the stator base 145 where the motor end cover 11 is provided, and the base air inlet hole 1453 is provided at the end of the stator base 145 where the motor is provided.
  • One end of the end plate 21 (end plate end) so that the cooling air can enter the stator base 145 from the end cover end and leave the stator base 145 from the end cover end, but is not limited to this.
  • the air collecting channel 143 can also be provided at the end plate end of the stator base 145, and the base air inlet 1453 is provided at the end cover end, which is also within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • the motor stator provided by the present disclosure can be a radially ventilated motor stator.
  • the motor stator of the present disclosure can include two air collecting channels 143, which are respectively fixed on the stator base 145. axial ends. The side wall of each air collecting channel 143 is provided with an air collecting channel outlet hole 142 that communicates with the outside world.
  • the motor stator also includes a base air inlet hole 1453. The base air inlet hole 1453 is provided in the axial middle of the stator base 145. .
  • each motor stator 14 may include a plurality of stator windings 16 (same as in FIG. 2 , not shown in FIG. 4 ), each stator winding 16 may be overlapped with one end ring 19 .
  • the motor stator 14 may include a first stator winding and a second stator winding. The first stator winding may be overlapped on the end ring 19 of the end cover end, and the second stator winding may be overlapped on the end plate end. Ring 19, but not limited to this.
  • the stator core 15 is fixed in the inner cavity of the stator base 145 , and a gap is provided between the stator core 15 and the stator base 145 , and the gap can be formed into an air collecting cavity 23 .
  • the air collecting cavity 23 can be surrounded by the outer periphery of the stator core 15 .
  • the cooling air can enter the air collecting cavity 23 through the base air inlet 1453 and can flow around the axial and circumferential directions of the stator core 15 to circulate in the motor stator 14 Spread out within.
  • the stator core 15 may be composed of multiple annular core sheets stacked along the axial direction of the stator base 145 , and a radial ventilation channel is formed between adjacent annular core sheets.
  • the air collecting cavity 23 communicates with the air gap 17 through the radial ventilation channel.
  • the flow direction of the cooling air can be shown by the arrow in the figure.
  • the cooling air enters the inner cavity of the stator base 145 through the base air inlet hole 1453, can spread in the air collecting cavity 23, and enter through the radial ventilation channel.
  • the cooling air enters the air gap 17 and flows along the axial direction of the stator base 145 from the middle to both ends, and enters the air collecting channel 143 through the air collecting channel inlet hole 1452 .
  • the air flows along the extending direction of the air collecting channel 143 and is discharged through the air collecting channel outlet hole 142, thereby realizing the flow circulation of the cooling air to cool the motor.
  • the plurality of base air inlet holes 1453 may be arranged at intervals along the circumference of the stator base 145.
  • the plurality of base air inlet holes 1453 are provided along the stator base.
  • the seats 145 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • the motor provided by the present disclosure may be a generator, for example but not limited to, it may be a generator for a wind turbine generator, and for example but not limited to, the generator may be a compact generator.
  • the wind turbine also includes a gearbox.
  • the output shaft of the gearbox can be fixed with the motor shaft 12 to drive the generator to generate electricity through the gearbox.
  • the motor end cover 11 can be used as a part of the gearbox, but it is not used as a part of the gearbox. limit.
  • the motor end cover 11 can be unique to the generator, but is not limited to this.
  • the motor includes a motor rotor and a motor stator 14 .
  • the motor stator 14 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the motor rotor.
  • the motor rotor can rotate relative to the motor stator 14 .
  • a wind power generator set is also provided.
  • the wind power generator set includes a motor.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and shall not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present disclosure, “plurality” means two or more unless otherwise specified.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection, or a fixed connection.
  • It can be a detachable connection, or an integral connection, it can be a mechanical connection, it can be an electrical connection, it can also be a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be an internal connection or an internal connection between two components.
  • the interaction between two components can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供了一种电机定子、电机以及风力发电机组，该电机定子包括定子基座、定子铁芯、定子绕组以及端环，该定子基座呈筒形壳体结构；该定子铁芯固定于该定子基座的壳体内壁上；该定子绕组缠绕在该定子铁芯上；该端环固定于该定子基座的外周壁上，且该端环与该定子绕组电连接，通过将端环设置在定子基座的外周壁上，降低了电机的轴向长度，从而使电机结构更为紧凑。

Description

电机定子、电机以及风力发电机组 技术领域
本公开属于电机领域，尤其涉及一种电机定子、电机以及风力发电机组。
背景技术
风力发电机是将风能转化为机械能，机械能转化为电能的发电设备。风能作为可再生的、无污染的清洁能源，一直备受世界各国关注。
作为风力发电机组的核心部件——发电机，在以往的设计中，一旦发电机中某一套绕组中的某一部位发生故障，整个电机就停止运行，损失较大。
发明内容
本公开提供一种电机定子，以使电机定子紧凑。
本公开提供如下技术方案：
本公开一个方面，提供一种电机定子，所述电机定子包括定子基座、定子铁芯、定子绕组以及端环，所述定子基座呈筒形壳体结构；所述定子铁芯固定于所述定子基座的壳体内壁上；所述定子绕组缠绕在所述定子铁芯上；所述端环固定于所述定子基座的外周壁上，且所述端环与所述定子绕组电连接。如此，通过将端环设置在定子基座的外周壁上，降低了电机的轴向长度，从而使电机结构更为紧凑。
本公开另一方面，提供一种电机，所述电机包括电机转子和如上所述的电机定子，所述电机定子套设于所述电机转子的外周，所述电机转子能够相对所述电机定子转动。
本公开另一方面，提供一种风力发电机组，所述风力发电机组包括如上所述的电机。
本公开提供的电机定子、电机以及风力发电机组至少具有如下有益效果：本公开提供的电机定子，通过将端环固定于定子基座的外周壁上，且端环与定子绕组电连接，较端环设置在定子绕组的轴向外端的电机定子，本公开的电机定子轴向尺寸较小，如此使得电机定子结构更为紧凑。
附图说明
通过下面结合附图对实施例进行的描述，本公开的上述和/或其它目的和优点将会变得更加清楚，其中：
图1为本公开一示例性实施例提供的电机定子的结构图。
图2为图1中的电机定子的轴向剖视图。
图3为图2中的底座总成的结构放大图。
图4为本公开另一示例性实施例提供的电机定子的轴向剖视图。
附图标记说明：
11、电机端盖；         12、电机转轴；
13、轴承；             14、电机定子；
15、定子铁芯；         16、定子绕组；
17、气隙；             18、转子磁极；
19、端环；             20、转子支架；
21、电机端板；         23、集风腔；
25、搭接引线；         141、第一法兰；
142、集风道出气孔；    143、集风通道；
144、通道壁；          145、定子基座；
146、进风通道；        147、第二法兰；
191、紧固件；          192、端环单元；
193、端环卡座；        1451、底座；
1452、集风道进气孔；   1453、基座进风孔。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，不应被理解为本公开的实施形态限于在此阐述的实施方式。图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的结构，因而将省略它们的详细描述。
本公开提供一种风力发电机组，该风力发电机组包括塔架、固定于塔架上的机舱、设置于机舱的发电机以及叶轮，其中发电机转轴与叶轮连接，以使叶轮的旋转带动发电机转轴旋转，从而用于发电。发电机可以设置于机舱内，也可以设置于机舱外，根据需要选择。
由于发电机和电动机结构和工作原理大致相似，统称为电机，都在本公开的保护范围内。电机可以包括定子和相对于定子转动的转子，定子可以套设在转子外形成内转子外定子结构电机，定子也可以套设在转子内形成内定子外转子结构电机，本公开仅以内转子外定子结构电机为例进行说明。
参照图1至图4，本公开提供一种电机定子，该电机定子包括定子基座145、定子铁芯15、定子绕组16以及端环19，定子基座145呈筒形壳体结构，定子铁芯15固定于定子基座145的壳体内壁上，在定子铁芯15上缠绕设置有定子绕组16，在定子基座145的外周壁上固定有端环19，且端环19与定子绕组16电连接。
本公开中，通过将端环19设置在定子基座145的外周壁上，较端环19设置在定子绕组16的轴向外端的电机定子，本电机定子轴向尺寸较小，如此使得电机定子结构更为紧凑。
作为示例，定子基座145可为铸铁或者铸钢制成，但不以此为限。定子铁芯15可以为环状铁芯片沿定子基座145的轴向堆叠设置；或者也可以为弧形铁芯片沿定子基座145的周向拼成铁芯组件，多个铁芯组件沿定子基座145的轴向堆叠设置，都在本公开的保护范围内。
作为示例，端环19在定子基座145的轴向上至少部分与定子绕组16重合，以避免端环19设置在定子绕组16的轴向外端而造成电机定子的轴向长度增大，从而使得电机定子结构更为紧凑。
可选地，为了使端环19与定子绕组16电连接，电机定子还可以包括搭接引线25，搭接引线25的两端分别与端环19和定子绕组16电连接。作为示例，搭接引线25可以穿过定子基座145的壳壁设置，以使搭接引线25位于定子基座145径向外侧的一端与端环19电连接，位于定子基座145径向内侧的另一端与定子绕组16电连接。
可选地，搭接引线25的两端分别与端环19和定子绕组16搭接，但不以此为限。上述搭接工序可在电机的外部进行操作，操作简单，在一定程度上提高了电机的组装效率。
进一步地，为了对电机定子进行通风，定子基座145的端部设置有集风通道143，集风通道143通过位于定子基座145的壳体上的集风道进气孔1452与气隙17连通，端环19设置于集风通道143内，如此集风通道143内具有较好的通风流动性，将端环19设置在集风通道143内，利于端环19进行散 热。
继续参照图1、图2以及图4，集风通道143可以呈环形管状以套设在定子基座145的外侧，定子基座145的与集风通道143相接触的侧壁上设置有集风道进气孔1452。
作为示例，集风通道143与定子基座145相接触的侧壁可以省略，以降低电机定子的使用材料，从而降低电机定子的制造成本。本实施例中，集风通道143的横截断面呈C形或者U形，该C形横截端面或者U形横截端面的开口罩设在定子基座145的外壁上。可选地，集风通道143与定子基座145间密封设置，以提高集风通道143内的定向流动性。
继续参照图2，集风通道143的横截断面包括一对相对设置的通道壁144和连接在两个通道壁144间的顶壁，集风道出气孔142可以设置于顶壁上，但不以此为限。作为示例，集风道出气孔142还可以为多个，且多个集风道出气孔142可以设置在通道壁144上，但不以此为限。
可选地，上述的搭接引线25可穿设于在集风道进气孔1452中，从而可以减少定子基座145上的开孔数量，避免定子基座145开孔过多而影响其结构强度；除此，减少定子基座145上的开孔数量，还简化定子基座145的制造工艺，从而降低定子基座145的制造成本。
继续参照附图，集风道进气孔1452可以设置为多个，多个集风道进气孔1452沿定子基座145的周向布置，作为示例，多个集风道进气孔1452可以沿定子基座145的周向均匀布置，但不以此为限。作为示例，集风道进气孔1452可以为腰型孔，腰型孔的长轴大致沿定子基座145的周向延伸，但不以此为限，
为了进一步提高端环19的通风性，如图2所示，端环19设置于集风道进气孔1452所在的定子基座145圆周上，以使部分端环19设置在该集风道进气孔1452处，端环19产生的热量能被迅速带走，提高了电机的通风效率。
参照图3，端环19通过底座总成连接于定子基座145，底座总成间隔设置有至少两个卡槽，卡槽与端环19匹配，底座总成为绝缘件。
本实施例中，底座总成包括底座1451和端环卡座193，其中，底座1451可以固定于定子基座145的外壁上，端环卡座193可以固定于底座1451的背向定子基座145的一侧，端环卡座193上设置有多个卡槽，卡槽可以沿定子基座145的周向延伸。作为示例，本实施例中的端环卡座193可以通过紧固 件191固定于底座1451上，提高了底座总成的连接可靠性，但不以此为限，端环卡座193和底座1451间还可以通过焊接工艺连接在一起，也可以为端环卡座193与底座1451一体浇筑成型。进一步地，端环卡座193为绝缘材料制成，但不以此为限。
作为示例，底座1451可以通过焊接工艺固定在定子基座145的外周壁上，也可以是底座1451与定子基座145同时加工，直接进行车削形成，该定子基座145加工简单，成本低廉，从而在一定程度上降低了电机定子14的制造成本。
可选地，端环19可以包括多个端环单元192，多个端环单元192可以间隔且大致平行沿定子基座145的轴向布置，本实施例中，每个端环单元192设置在端环卡座193的卡槽内，避免相邻端环单元192出现意外窜动而导电，从而提高了电机定子的使用可靠性。
参照图1至图3，本公开提供的电机定子可以为轴向通风式电机定子，即冷却风可以从电机定子14的一端进入，在另一端流出，在电机内冷却风的大致流动方向是从电机定子14的一端流向另一端。
具体地，定子基座145的第一端设置有集风通道143，集风通道143的侧壁上设置有与外界连通的集风道出气孔142，冷却风可以经集风道进气孔1452进入到该集风通道143内，并在该集风通道143内汇集且可以沿该集风通道143的延伸方向流动，即可以沿定子基座145的周向在集风通道143内流动，以带走端环19产生的热量，然后经集风道出气孔142离开该集风通道143，上述过程即为集风通道143的进出风过程。
本实施例中，集风道进气孔1452作为定子基座145的出风口，进一步地，电机定子还包括基座进气孔1453，基座进气孔1453设置于定子基座145的第二端，该基座进气孔1453作为定子基座145的进风口，冷却风从外界经基座进气孔1453进入到定子基座145的内腔，经一系列流动后经集风道进气孔1452离开定子基座145，从而实现冷却风在定子基座145内的流动，实现电机降温。
本实施例中，冷却风经集风道进气孔1452可以带走端环19的一部分热量，进一步地，冷却风沿着集风通道143从集风通道143周向也可以带走一部分热量，使得端环19处于温度较低的状态。
可选地，在定子基座145的第二端设置有进风通道146，该进风通道146 和定子基座145的内腔通过基座进气孔1453连通，但不以此为限。
为了更好地控制电机定子14的通风量，电机定子14还可以包括冷却风机，冷却风机可以设置在进风通道146的端部法兰上，或者设置在集风道出气孔142处，以定向或者定量地向定子基座145内提供冷却风。作为示例，集风道出气孔142设置在集风通道143的背离定子基座145的侧壁上，但不以此为限。
参照图2，本公开提供的电机的具体结构如下：
电机包括电机定子14和相对于电机定子14旋转的电机转子，电机转子可包括转子磁极18和用于支撑该转子磁极18的转子支架20，转子磁极18可固定于该转子支架20上，转子支架20可以固定于电机转轴12上，以通过电机转轴12的旋转带动转子支架20旋转，进而带动转子磁极18进行旋转，即通过电机转轴12带动电机转子进行旋转。
本实施例中，电机定子14和转子磁极18间设置有间隙，以形成气隙17，该气隙17可以作为冷却风的流动通道。基座进气孔1453与气隙17连通，从基座进气孔1453进入的冷却风可以经气隙17向设置有端环19的一端流动，并能够经集风道进气孔1452进入到集风通道143，图2中的箭头方向示出了冷却风的流动方向，在集风通道143内沿该集风通道143的延伸放向流动，汇集后经集风道出气孔142排出，以能够对整个电机进行降温，避免电机的局部温度过高，提高了电机的使用安全性，也提高了电机的使用寿命。
进一步地，定子基座145的轴向两端分别设置有第一法兰141和第二法兰147，第一法兰141位于定子基座145的朝向齿轮箱的一端，电机端盖11可以通过该第一法兰141固定于定子基座145上。
可选地，电机端盖11上设置有轴孔，电机转轴12可转动地设置在电机端盖11上。为了降低电机端盖11和电机转轴12间的转动摩擦，在电机端盖11和电机转轴12间设置有轴承13，但不以此为限。
定子基座145远离齿轮箱的一端设置有电机端板21，作为示例，定子基座145远离齿轮箱的一端设置有第二法兰147，电机端板21可通过第二法兰147固定于定子基座145上，但不以此为限，以提高电机定子14的结构强度。
继续参照图2，本实施例中集风通道143设置在定子基座145的设置有电机端盖11的一端(端盖端)，基座进气孔1453设置在定子基座145的设置有电机端板21的一端(端板端)，如此冷却风可以从端盖端进入到定子基座 145内并从端盖端离开该定子基座145，但不以此为限。可选地，集风通道143还可设置在定子基座145的端板端，基座进气孔1453设置在端盖端，也在本公开的保护范围内。
本公开提供的电机轴向结构紧凑，以节省电机的内部空间，提高了电机的空间利用率。除此，通过将端环19设置在集风通道143内，提高了端环19的冷却效果。
参照图4，本公开提供的电机定子可以为径向通风式电机定子，与图2中电机定子不同的是，本公开的电机定子可以包括两个集风通道143，分别固定在定子基座145的轴向两端。每个集风通道143的侧壁上设置有与外界连通的集风道出气孔142，电机定子还包括基座进气孔1453，基座进气孔1453设置于定子基座145的轴向中部。
作为示例，本公开中的定子基座145轴向两端均设置有端环19，且分别设置在集风通道143内。可选地，每个电机定子14可以包括多个定子绕组16(与图2相同，图4中未示出)，每个定子绕组16可与一个端环19搭接。本实施例中，电机定子14可包括第一定子绕组和第二定子绕组，第一定子绕组可搭接在端盖端的端环19上，第二定子绕组可搭接在端板端的端环19上，但不以此为限。
本实施例中的两个端环19分别设置在定子基座145轴向两端，由于两个端环19分开布置在定子基座145的两端，工人在执行搭接工序的时候，由于都是在电机的外部进行操作，所以操作比较简单。
本实施例中，定子铁芯15固定于定子基座145的内腔中，且定子铁芯15与定子基座145间设置有间隙，该间隙可形成为集风腔23。集风腔23可包围在定子铁芯15的外周，冷却风经基座进气孔1453可进入到集风腔23并可绕定子铁芯15的轴向和周向流动，以在电机定子14内散开。
作为示例，定子铁芯15可由多个环状铁芯片沿定子基座145的轴向堆叠设置，在相邻的环状铁芯片间形成径向通风道。集风腔23通过该径向通风道与气隙17连通。
冷却风的流动方向可以参照图中箭头所示，冷却风经基座进气孔1453进入到定子基座145的内腔，可在集风腔23内散开，并经径向通风道进入到气隙17中，冷却风进入在气隙17中沿定子基座145的轴向从中部向两端流动，并经集风道进气孔1452进入到集风通道143内，在集风通道143内沿着 集风通道143的延伸方向流动并经集风道出气孔142排出，从而实现冷却风的流动循环以对电机进行降温。
可选地，基座进气孔1453可以为多个，多个基座进气孔1453沿定子基座145的周向间隔设置，例如但不限于，多个基座进气孔1453沿定子基座145的周向均匀布置。
本公开提供的电机可以为发电机，例如但不限于，可以为用于风力发电机组的发电机，例如但不限于，该发电机可以为紧凑型发电机。
风力发电机组还包括齿轮箱，齿轮箱的输出轴可以与电机转轴12固定，以通过齿轮箱驱动发电机发电，本实施例中，电机端盖11可以作为齿轮箱的一部分，但不以此为限。可选地，电机端盖11可为发电机独有，但不以此为限。
本公开的另一方面，还提供一种电机，电机包括电机转子和电机定子14，电机定子14套设于电机转子的外周，电机转子能够相对电机定子14转动。
本公开的另一方面，还提供一种风力发电机组，风力发电机组包括电机。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本公开的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接，可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接，也可以是通讯连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
本公开所描述的特征、结构或特性可以以任何合适的方式结合在一个或更多实施方式中。在上面的描述中，提供许多具体细节从而给出对本公开的 实施方式的充分理解。然而，本领域技术人员将意识到，可以实践本公开的技术方案而没有所述特定细节中的一个或更多，或者可以采用其它的方法、组件、材料等。在其它情况下，不详细示出或描述公知结构、材料或者操作以避免模糊本公开的各方面。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电机定子，其特征在于，所述电机定子包括：
    定子基座(145)，呈筒形壳体结构；
    定子铁芯(15)，固定于所述定子基座(145)的壳体内壁上；
    定子绕组(16)，缠绕在所述定子铁芯(15)上；
    端环(19)，固定于所述定子基座(145)的外周壁上，且所述端环(19)与所述定子绕组(16)电连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电机定子，其特征在于，所述端环(19)在所述定子基座(145)的轴向上至少部分与所述定子绕组(16)重合。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电机定子，其特征在于，所述定子基座(145)的端部设置有集风通道(143)，所述集风通道(143)通过集风道进气孔(1452)与气隙(17)连通，所述集风道进气孔(1452)设置于所述定子基座(145)的壳体上，所述端环(19)设置于所述集风通道(143)内。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电机定子，其特征在于，所述端环(19)设置于所述集风道进气孔(1452)所在的所述定子基座(145)圆周上。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电机定子，其特征在于，所述集风道进气孔(1452)设置为多个，多个所述集风道进气孔(1452)沿所述定子基座(145)的周向布置。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的电机定子，其特征在于，所述电机定子还包括搭接引线(25)，所述搭接引线(25)穿设于所述集风道进气孔(1452)，且所述搭接引线(25)的两端分别与所述端环(19)和所述定子绕组(16)电连接。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的电机定子，其特征在于，所述定子基座(145)的第一端设置有所述集风通道(143)，所述集风通道(143)的侧壁上设置有与外界连通的集风道出气孔(142)，所述电机定子还包括基座进气孔(1453)，所述基座进气孔(1453)设置于所述定子基座(145)的第二端，所述基座进气孔(1453)与所述气隙(17)连通。
  8. 如权利要求3所述的电机定子，其特征在于，所述定子基座(145)的两端分别设置有所述集风通道(143)，所述集风通道(143)的侧壁上设置有与外界连通的集风道出气孔(142)，所述电机定子还包括基座进气孔(1453)， 所述基座进气孔(1453)设置于所述定子基座(145)的轴向中部，所述基座进气孔(1453)与所述气隙(17)连通。
  9. 如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的电机定子，其特征在于，所述端环(19)通过底座总成连接于所述定子基座(145)，所述底座总成间隔设置有至少两个卡槽，所述卡槽与所述端环(19)匹配，所述底座总成为绝缘件。
  10. 一种电机，其特征在于，所述电机包括电机转子和如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的电机定子(14)，所述电机定子(14)套设于所述电机转子的外周，所述电机转子能够相对所述电机定子(14)转动。
  11. 一种风力发电机组，其特征在于，所述风力发电机组包括如权利要求10所述的电机。
PCT/CN2022/120945 2022-04-26 2022-09-23 电机定子、电机以及风力发电机组 WO2023206947A1 (zh)

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CN101604881A (zh) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-16 阿尔斯托姆科技有限公司 多相发电机布置
WO2011104763A1 (ja) * 2010-02-26 2011-09-01 三菱電機株式会社 回転機
CN102332780A (zh) * 2011-09-30 2012-01-25 东方电气集团东方电机有限公司 一种风力发电机

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