WO2024083785A1 - Positionnement des cellules du bloc-batterie - Google Patents

Positionnement des cellules du bloc-batterie Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024083785A1
WO2024083785A1 PCT/EP2023/078764 EP2023078764W WO2024083785A1 WO 2024083785 A1 WO2024083785 A1 WO 2024083785A1 EP 2023078764 W EP2023078764 W EP 2023078764W WO 2024083785 A1 WO2024083785 A1 WO 2024083785A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery cell
spacer
fluid
fluid flow
battery pack
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/078764
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Rémi LASSON
Nicolas DERANGERE
Cosmin Barsan
Original Assignee
Plastic Omnium Clean Energy Systems Research
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Plastic Omnium Clean Energy Systems Research filed Critical Plastic Omnium Clean Energy Systems Research
Publication of WO2024083785A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024083785A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0481—Compression means other than compression means for stacks of electrodes and separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/291—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spacer for a battery pack, the battery pack, a method for assembly the battery pack, a cooling system for the battery pack, and an electric vehicle using said battery pack.
  • Battery cells used in high power applications heat up during charging and discharging processes thereby it is important to control the temperature of the battery cells, as a variation above or below their optimal operating temperature may seriously affect their performance and life span.
  • the heat generated by battery cells during operation needs to be dissipated in order to prevent a thermal runaway event or the like.
  • Direct liquid cooling also termed immersion cooling
  • This technology consists of submerging a battery pack into a dielectric fluid, the latter being thus in direct contact with the battery cells, providing a homogeneous transport path for heat elimination.
  • Another problem is the risk of swelling of battery cells.
  • the swelling is mainly caused by higher power usage.
  • the battery cells need to be stacked and compressed.
  • the amount of applied pressure conditions the battery cells performance; therefore, a proper amount of compression is essential for reducing the volume and as a result, the resistance, which should increase the electric contact within the battery cells.
  • the present invention proposes a solution to address the aforementioned problems associated with the cooling of battery cells.
  • a spacer comprising a body including a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, wherein the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet are located on opposite sides of the body, and an open fluid flow channel from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet, wherein the open fluid flow channel is an open non-linear flow channel, in which the open non-linear fluid flow channel is configured to be closed so as to form a closed non-linear fluid flow channel when the body is sandwiched between a first battery cell and a second battery cell of a battery pack for an electric vehicle, wherein the body is integrally formed with a frame-shaped structure having an upper structure, a lower structure, the lower structure being opposed to the upper structure, a first lateral structure and a second lateral structure, the second lateral structure being opposed to the first lateral structure, the first lateral structure being connected to the second lateral structure by both the upper structure and the lower structure so as to form a closed frame-shaped peripheral structure.
  • the spacer based on the present invention is a stand-alone and monobloc spacer which maintains a constant gap between the first battery cell and the second battery cell of a battery pack, independently of their tolerances, while conferring an improved thermal transfer between the fluid and these two battery cells as well as a good control of the fluid flow.
  • a frame-shaped structure is a frame with a rigid structure conferring structural rigidity to the spacer.
  • a frame with a rigid structure is a frame that does not bend or flex when handled by an operator, for example, during battery pack assembly.
  • upper structure and lower structure are to be understood in line with this invention as being structures arranged in opposite sides of the body, in which the upper structure is configured to be positioned underneath a cover of the battery pack and the lower structure is configured to be positioned above a support of the battery pack. These two structures contain means configured for fixing and mounting components.
  • the upper structure of the body may include busbar positioning means and wires routing means, whereas the lower structure of the body may have mounting clips contributing for smooth sliding of the spacer along a support as well as positioning control of the spacer, when the body is disposed between the first battery cell and the second battery cell.
  • first lateral structure and second lateral structure are to be understood in line with this invention as being structures adjacent to the upper and the lower structures, arranged in opposite sides of the body.
  • the first lateral structure is configured to be positioned at the fluid inlet of the body and the second lateral structure is configured to be positioned at the fluid outlet of the body.
  • the fluid is a dielectric fluid. This allows the fluid not to cause a short circuit in the battery pack.
  • the fluid is a coolant fluid. This allows the fluid to better absorb the heat released by the battery cells.
  • the spacer is a hollow piece. This allows the spacer cavity to be used as a channel.
  • the spacer comprises two parallel principal faces opposite each other and a distance separating the two principal faces. This allows a thickness of the spacer to be defined as the distance separating the two principal faces.
  • the open non-linear flow channel is open on the two parallel principal faces of the spacer. By this arrangement, the open non-linear flow channel passes through the thickness of the spacer.
  • the open non-linear fluid flow channel may be a serpentine fluid flow channel.
  • the expression “serpentine” refers to as the shape of the fluid flow channel.
  • this serpentine fluid flow channel is a planar serpentine channel.
  • the fluid is curving and twisting like a snake. This serpentine shape enhances the thermal exchanges between the first battery cell and the second battery cell, owing to an increase in the distance travelled by said fluid.
  • the open non-linear fluid flow channel may comprise at least one chicane.
  • chicane as used herein means a path along which the fluid moves, this path may comprise at least two bends, such as for example an S that forces the fluid to move in the direction of the bends formed.
  • the presence of a chicane increases the distance during which the thermal exchanges occur between the fluid and the battery cells.
  • the number of chicanes may affect the turbulence of the fluid; hence, at least two bends are necessary to guarantee that the fluid is turbulent without increasing excessively the pressure on the walls of battery cells in contact with the fluid.
  • the body may comprise a polygonal plate.
  • the first lateral structure comprises a first rectangular side plate and the second lateral structure comprises a second rectangular side plate, the open fluid flow channel is formed in a transverse section of the polygonal plate extending from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet, the fluid inlet being formed in the first rectangular side plate, and the fluid outlet being formed in the second rectangular side plate.
  • the first rectangular side plate and the second rectangular side plate permit a proper arrangement of the battery cells during the manufacture of the battery pack.
  • these rectangular plates confer structural rigidity to the spacer preserving the structure of the battery cells, while avoiding their motion.
  • the polygonal plate is a rectangular plate.
  • the denomination “polygonal” relates to a flat shape with three or more straight sides. A person of average skill in the art may consider other shapes falling under the previous definition.
  • the transverse section of the polygonal plate is a transverse section of the rectangular plate.
  • such a transverse section on a rectangular plate permits to obtain an optimised thermal exchange between the fluid and the battery cells between which the spacer is inserted.
  • the chicane may be constituted by a protuberance, which influences the direction of fluid flow.
  • said protuberance sticks out of the body, preferably the protuberance sticks out from the upper structure or the lower structure of the body. More preferably, a first protuberance sticks out from the upper structure of the body and at least a second protuberance sticks out from the lower structure of the body.
  • a third protuberance protrudes from the lower structure of said body.
  • the first protuberance extends along a length of the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet openings and is formed between the second protuberance and the third protuberance being aligned with an A-axis.
  • the second protuberance and the third protuberance are the same thickness and their lengths are smaller than that of the first protuberance.
  • the second protuberance and the third protuberance are equidistant from the first protuberance.
  • these three protuberances are generated due to the at least one chicane.
  • the “A-axis” represents an imaginary straight line that divides the transverse section of the polygonal plate into two equal halves. The length of each protuberance is defined based on the A-axis.
  • a width of the open fluid flow channel may be defined by a thickness of the transverse section of the polygonal plate, in other words, the thickness of the transverse section of the polygonal plate defining the distance between the first battery cell and the second battery cell.
  • the transverse section of the polygonal plate is the transverse section of the rectangular plate. This results in a leak-tight channel.
  • a sheath structure may be configured to accommodate a temperature sensor to record the temperature of the first battery cell and the second battery cell.
  • the sheath structure is located at the transverse section of the polygonal plate. More preferably, the sheath structure is positioned on the first protuberance. Moreover, this sheath structure may be optionally composed by a primary recess on a surface of the spacer, preferably on the surface of the first protuberance or by a primary through-hole formed inside the spacer, preferably inside the first protuberance.
  • the term “recess” relates to an indentation. In other words, it is characterised by a part of a surface (i.e., a part of the surface of the spacer) that curves inward.
  • the expression “primary through-hole” refers to as a hole that goes from the upper structure to the primary channel or from the lower structure to the primary channel, preferably through the entire first protuberance of the spacer; thus, being formed inside said spacer.
  • the spacer may act as a protection for said temperature sensor, whilst guiding the sensor to its optimised position.
  • the temperature sensor may be a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistor, which may be utilised to prevent battery cells from being charged at temperatures beyond their operating temperature.
  • NTC Negative Temperature Coefficient
  • the NTC thermistor is needed in between the battery cells in order to measure or calculate the thermal exchanges, as well as defining thermal exchange performance while comparing the measured temperature with a temperature threshold.
  • the temperature sensor is placed in the primary through-hole.
  • a secondary through-hole may be configured for forming a pocket in the spacer, preferably in at least one protuberance of the spacer, between the first battery cell and the second battery cell. Such additional through-hole allows for improving the thermal exchange surfaces.
  • the expression “secondary through-hole” refers to as a hole that is formed inside the spacer in the direction perpendicular to the fluid flow.
  • the pocket may be in fluidic connection with a primary channel.
  • the pocket is in fluidic connection with a primary channel via a secondary recess on a surface of the at least one protuberance of the spacer configured for being in contact with the first battery cell or the second battery cell, or via a tertiary through-hole formed inside the spacer.
  • Said tertiary through-hole goes from the primary channel to the pocket.
  • the secondary recess and/or the tertiary through-hole allows the pocket to be filled with fluid flowing through the primacy channel.
  • the pocket is not fully open in order to avert a decrease in turbulence.
  • a battery pack comprising: a first battery cell; a second battery cell; a spacer in concordance with the invention, the spacer comprising a body sandwiched between the first battery cell and the second battery cell; wherein a primary channel having a closed non-linear fluid flow channel for fluid flow between a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet is formed by the first battery cell, the second battery cell and the spacer.
  • the dielectric fluid is a dielectric liquid.
  • the battery pack may further comprise a support receiving the first battery cell, the second battery cell and the spacer, wherein the spacer may be slidably mounted on the support.
  • the support acts as a guiding element for the spacer when swelling occurs, allowing the spacer to slide along said support while maintaining a constant gap between the first battery cell and the second battery cell.
  • the support also keeps the battery cells in an upright position.
  • the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet may be positioned at the same height compared to the support. This symmetrical configuration leads to an equilibrium of the cooling of the battery pack through an improved connection of the fluid circuit.
  • the battery pack may comprise: - a first end plate and a second end plate, wherein the first end plate is attached to one end of the support and the second end plate is slidably mounted on an opposite end of the support; - the first battery cell, the second battery cell and the spacer disposed therebetween.
  • the first end plate and the second end plate advantageously compress the first battery cell, the spacer and the second battery cell.
  • the compression system employed may be threaded rods (i.e., long screws). These threaded rods are introduced in both end plates. In addition, nuts may be screwed at the extremity of each threaded rod allowing for the compression of the assembly.
  • the battery pack further comprises a secondary channel for fluid flow placed underneath the first battery cell and/or the second battery cell.
  • a secondary channel for fluid flow placed underneath the first battery cell and/or the second battery cell.
  • Such secondary channel enables the circulation of fluid whilst cooling down the bottom of battery cells. Due to anisotropic conductivity, it is easier to cool down a battery cell from top to bottom or on front/rear surface. Therefore, it is possible to improve thermal exchanges with the fluid.
  • the person skilled in the relevant art is familiar with methods for optimising the size and shape of this secondary channel, such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).
  • CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • a method for assembly a battery pack comprising the following successive steps:
  • the first end plate is screwed on the support.
  • the compression system used is threaded rods.
  • nuts are inserted at the extremity of each threaded rod being then screwed to compress the first battery cell, the spacer and the second battery cell. This provides an easier solution to assembly the battery pack according to the present invention.
  • the method for assembly the battery pack may further comprise a step occurring after step (g) consisting in: fixing a cover onto the first end plate and the second end plate; the first battery cell, the second battery cell and the spacer being located between the cover and the support.
  • the cover is screwed onto the first end plate and the second end plate.
  • the cover acts as protection for the first battery cell, the second battery cell, the spacer and any electronics present in the battery pack, such as busbars and a Protection Circuit Board (PCB) from external media.
  • PCB Protection Circuit Board
  • a cooling system for cooling a battery pack comprising: a battery pack in concordance with the invention; a housing to accommodate the battery pack; the housing comprising an opening through which a dielectric fluid enters and an opening through which the dielectric fluid comes out; the dielectric fluid circulating between a first battery cell and a second battery cell.
  • This particular cooling system provides a more homogeneous dissipation of the heat.
  • an electric vehicle comprising a battery pack in concordance with the invention.
  • This electric vehicle having said battery pack allows for mitigating a risk of thermal runaway or explosion due to overheating; thus ensuring safety of the battery pack and consequently, of the vehicle passengers.
  • FIG. 1 is an enlarged view illustrating a spacer including a body with an open non-linear fluid flow channel from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is an enlarged view illustrating the spacer having the body sandwiched between a first battery cell and a second battery cell so as to form a closed non-linear fluid flow channel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic overview of a battery pack illustrating a spacer disposed between a first battery cell and a second battery cell according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is another side view of the battery pack of .
  • FIG. 1 is a view of the battery pack illustrated in , schematically illustrating a secondary channel for fluid flow.
  • FIG. 1 is an enlarged view illustrating a spacer 1 including a body 2 with an open fluid non-linear flow channel 23a from the fluid inlet 21a to the fluid outlet 21b according to the present invention, and is an enlarged view illustrating the spacer 1 having the body 2 sandwiched between a first battery cell 100a and a second battery cell 100b so as to form a closed non-linear fluid flow channel 23b.
  • the spacer 1 is a hollow piece which comprises a body 2 including a fluid inlet 21a, a fluid outlet 21b and an open non-linear fluid flow channel 23a from the fluid inlet 21a to the fluid outlet 21b.
  • the fluid inlet 21a and the fluid outlet 21b are located on opposite sides of the body 2.
  • the open non-linear fluid flow channel 23a is configured to be closed so as to form a closed non-linear fluid flow channel 23b when the body 2 is sandwiched between a first battery cell (not shown in ) and a second battery cell (not shown in ) of a battery pack (not shown ), as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the body 2 is integrally formed with a frame-shaped structure 24a; 24b; 25a; 25b.
  • the frame-shaped structure has an upper structure 24a, a lower structure 24b, the lower structure 24b being opposed to the upper structure 24a, a first lateral structure 25a, and a second lateral structure 25b, the second lateral structure 25b being opposed to the first lateral structure 25a.
  • the first lateral structure 25a is connected to the second lateral structure 25b by both the upper structure 24a and the lower structure 24b so as to form a closed frame-shaped peripheral structure 24a; 24b; 25a; 25b.
  • the spacer 1 comprises two parallel principal faces 3a, 3b opposite each other, a distance separating the two principal faces 3a, 3b defining a thickness of the spacer 1.
  • the open non-linear flow channel 23a is open on the two parallel principal faces 3a, 3b of the spacer 1 so that the open non-linear flow channel 23a passes through the thickness of the spacer 1.
  • the open non-linear fluid flow channel 23a is a planar serpentine fluid flow channel; therefore, the fluid behaves like a snake, curving and twisting like the same. This particular shape enhances the turbulence of the fluid. Furthermore, said open non-linear flow channel 23a comprises one chicane.
  • the path along which the fluid moves comprises two bends like an S that forces the fluid to move in the direction of the bends formed, thereby increasing the distance during which the thermal exchanges occur between the fluid and the battery cells.
  • the body 2 comprises a polygonal plate.
  • the polygonal plate is a rectangular plate.
  • the first lateral structure 25a comprises a first rectangular side plate 22a and the second lateral structure 25b comprises a second rectangular side plate 22b.
  • the open fluid flow channel is formed in a transverse section of the polygonal plate extending from the fluid inlet 21a to the fluid outlet 21b, whereas the fluid inlet 21a is formed in the first rectangular side plate 22a and the fluid outlet 21b is formed in the second rectangular side plate 22b.
  • the transverse section of the polygonal plate is a transverse section of the rectangular plate.
  • the upper structure 24a and the lower structure 24b of the body 2 encompass means configured for fixing and mounting components (as shown in ).
  • the upper structure 24a of the body 2 includes busbar positioning means and wires routing means 241, whereas the lower structure 24b of the body 2 has mounting clips 242 that contribute for sliding the spacer 1 along a support 200 as well as positioning control of the spacer 1, when the body 2 is sandwiched between the first battery cell 100a and the second battery cell 100b.
  • a first protuberance 31 sticks out from the upper structure 24a of the body 2, whilst a second protuberance 32 and a third protuberance 33 stick out from the lower structure 24b of the body 2.
  • the first protuberance 31 extends along a length of the fluid inlet 21a and the fluid outlet 21b openings and is formed in the transverse section of the polygonal plate being aligned with an A-axis, so that the first protuberance is generated between the second protuberance 32 and the third protuberance 33.
  • the second protuberance 32 and the third protuberance 33 are placed in opposite positions to the first protuberance 31, are the same thickness and their lengths are smaller than that of the first protuberance 31.
  • the arrangement of these protuberances 31, 32, 33 is such that it permits to improve the thermal exchanges between the dielectric fluid and the battery cells.
  • a width of the open fluid flow channel may be defined by a thickness of the transverse section of the polygonal plate.
  • the transverse section of the polygonal plate is the transverse section of the rectangular plate.
  • the spacer 1 comprises a sheath structure 4 configured to accommodate a temperature sensor to record the temperature of the first battery cell (not shown in any of FIGS. 1 and 2) and the second battery cell (not shown in any of FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • the temperature sensor may be a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistor. This NTC thermistor is positioned between the battery cells 100a, 100b in order to measure or calculate the thermal exchanges.
  • NTC Negative Temperature Coefficient
  • the sheath structure 4 is preferably located at the transverse section of the polygonal plate. According to the present invention, this sheath structure 4 is positioned on the first protuberance 31. Such sheath structure 4 may be optionally composed by a primary recess on a surface of the spacer or by a primary through-hole 41 formed inside the spacer 1. The temperature sensor is placed in the primary through-hole 41.
  • the spacer 1 further comprises a secondary through-hole configured for forming a pocket 5 between the first battery cell (not shown in any of FIGS. 1 and 2) and the second battery cell (not shown in any of FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • the pocket 5 is in fluidic connection with a primary channel 6.
  • the pocket 5 is in fluidic connection with a primary channel 6 via a secondary recess 51 on a surface of the spacer 1 configured for being in contact with the first battery cell (not shown in any of FIGS. 1 and 2) or the second battery cell (not shown in any of FIGS. 1 and 2), or via a tertiary through-hole formed inside the spacer 1.
  • the area covered by the pocket 5 encompasses through-holes and recesses that allow receiving some fluid from said primary channel 6, its speed of flow is reduced; thus, the fluid is considered to be stationary.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic overview of a battery pack 1000 illustrating a spacer 1 disposed between a first battery cell 100a and a second battery cell 100b according to the present invention and is another side view of the battery pack 1000 of .
  • FIG. 10 is a view of the battery pack 1000 illustrated in , schematically illustrating a secondary channel 700 for fluid flow.
  • the battery pack 1000 for an electric vehicle comprises a first battery cell 100a, a second battery cell 100b and a spacer 1.
  • the spacer 1 (also shown in FIGS. 1 and 2) is positioned between the first battery cell 100a and the second battery cell 100b to keep a constant gap between the battery cells 100a, 100b, when swelling occurs.
  • the battery pack 1000 also includes a support 200 receiving the first battery cell 100a, the second battery cell 100b and the spacer 1, wherein the spacer 1 is slidably mounted on the support 200. That support 200 acts as a guiding element for the spacer 1 when swelling occurs, allowing the spacer 1 to slide along said support 200 while maintaining a constant gap between the first battery cell 100a and the second battery cell 100b.
  • the battery pack 1000 further comprises a first end plate 300 and a second end plate 400, wherein the first end plate 300 is attached to one end of the support 200 and the second end plate 400 is slidably mounted on an opposite end of the support 200, so that the first battery cell 100a and the second battery cell 100b cooperate with each other, in such a manner that the first battery cell 100a, the spacer 1 and the second battery cell 100b are compressed.
  • the first end plate 300 is screwed onto the support 200.
  • threaded rods 500 i.e., long screws. These threaded rods 500 are introduced in both end plates 300, 400. In addition, nuts may be screwed at the extremity of each threaded rod 500 allowing for the compression of the assembly.
  • the battery pack 1000 has a fluid inlet 21a and a fluid outlet 21b positioned at the same height compared to the support 200.
  • This symmetrical configuration allows for a more homogeneous fluid flow.
  • the dielectric fluid may be air, liquid, gas or the like, preferably the dielectric fluid is a dielectric liquid.
  • a primary channel 6 having a closed non-linear fluid flow channel 23b for fluid flow between the fluid inlet 21a and the fluid outlet 21b is formed by the first battery cell (not shown in ), the second battery cell (not shown in ) and the spacer 1.
  • This channel is leak-tight in order to prevent any fluid from escaping.
  • the battery pack 1000 includes a cover 600 (also shown in ), which is fixed onto the first end plate 300 and the second end plate 400, so that the first battery cell 100a, the second battery cell 100b and the spacer 1 are located between said cover 600 and the support 200.
  • the cover 600 is preferably screwed onto both end plates 300, 400 and protects the battery cells 100a, 100b and the spacer 1, as well as any electronics, such as busbars 601 and a PCB 602 (as shown in ).
  • the battery pack 1000 comprises a secondary channel 700 for fluid flow placed underneath the first battery cell 100a and/or the second battery cell 100b.
  • This secondary channel 700 permits the circulation of fluid, while cooling down the bottom of battery cells 100a, 100b.
  • a method for assembly the above-mentioned battery pack 1000 comprises the following successive steps: (a) mounting a first end plate 300 on a support 200 and fixing the first end plate 300 therein; (b) placing on the support 200 a first battery cell 100a against the first end plate 300; (c) placing on the support 200 a spacer 1 against the first battery cell 100a; (d) placing on the support 200 a second battery cell 100b against the spacer 1; (e) repeating the steps (c) and (d) n times, where n ⁇ 1; (f) mounting a second end plate 400 on the support 200 and (g) compressing the first end plate 300 and the second end plate 400 with a compression system.
  • the first end plate 300 is screwed on the support 200.
  • the compression system applied is threaded rods 500.
  • the threaded rods 500 are introduced in both plates 300, 400.
  • nuts are inserted at the extremity of each threaded rod 500 being then screwed, so as to compress the first battery cell 100a, the spacer 1 and the second battery cell 100b.
  • the method for assembly the battery pack 1000 may further comprise a step occurring after step (g) consisting in fixing a cover 600 onto the first end plate 300 and the second end plate 400.
  • the first battery cell 100a, the second battery cell 100b, and the spacer 1 are located between the cover 600 and the support 200.
  • the cover 600 is screwed onto the first end plate 300 and the second end plate 400.
  • the cover 600 acts as a structural protection for the first battery cell 100a, the second battery cell 100b, the spacer 1 and any electronics present in the battery pack 1000, such as busbars 601 and a PCB 602 from short circuit.
  • the cover 600 might function, for example, as a gas control during a thermal runaway event and a guide to sensors and hydraulic circuit outlet, as well as may permit PCB mounting and thermal runaway sensor positioning and fastening.
  • a cooling system (not shown in FIGS. 1 to 5) includes the battery pack 1000.
  • the cooling system of the present invention further comprises a housing to accommodate the battery pack 1000.
  • the housing comprises an opening through which a dielectric fluid enters and an opening through which the dielectric fluid comes out, so that the dielectric fluid circulates between a first battery cell 100a and a second battery cell 100b.
  • This cooling system has a significant impact on the battery cells temperature gradient, allowing for increasing the durability of the battery cells even with repeated fast charging.
  • the dielectric fluid also acts as a thermal barrier during a thermal runaway event, protecting the battery cells from heat propagation.
  • the battery pack 1000 of the present invention may be applied to electric vehicles.
  • the battery pack 1000 of the present invention is configured to have a reduced risk of a thermal runaway event or the like.
  • PCB Protection Circuit Board

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un espaceur (1) comprenant un corps (2) incluant une entrée de fluide (21a), une sortie de fluide (21b), l'entrée de fluide (21a) et la sortie de fluide (21b) étant situées sur des faces opposées du corps (2) et un canal d'écoulement de fluide ouvert allant de l'entrée de fluide (21a) à la sortie de fluide (21b), le canal d'écoulement de fluide ouvert est un canal d'écoulement de fluide non linéaire ouvert (23a), le canal d'écoulement de fluide non linéaire ouvert (23a) étant conçu pour être fermé afin de constituer un canal d'écoulement de fluide non linéaire fermé (23b) lorsque le corps (2) est intercalé entre deux éléments de batterie d'un bloc-batterie pour un véhicule électrique. L'invention a également pour but de procurer un bloc-batterie pour un véhicule électrique, un procédé d'assemblage dudit bloc-batterie, un système de refroidissement dudit bloc-batterie et un véhicule électrique utilisant ledit bloc-batterie.
PCT/EP2023/078764 2022-10-17 2023-10-17 Positionnement des cellules du bloc-batterie WO2024083785A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22315240 2022-10-17
EP22315240.6 2022-10-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024083785A1 true WO2024083785A1 (fr) 2024-04-25

Family

ID=84331783

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2023/078764 WO2024083785A1 (fr) 2022-10-17 2023-10-17 Positionnement des cellules du bloc-batterie

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2024083785A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008051897A1 (de) * 2008-10-16 2010-04-22 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Halte- und Kühlungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Halte- und Kühlungsvorrichtung
US20130209856A1 (en) * 2012-02-15 2013-08-15 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Cooling system for automotive battery
US20190229386A1 (en) 2016-10-05 2019-07-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Stored Electrical Energy Source Having Cooling Plates Arranged Between the Cells for Emergency Cooling
US20190237833A1 (en) * 2016-10-05 2019-08-01 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Stored Electrical Energy Source Having an Emergency Cooling Device
US20200036062A1 (en) * 2018-07-27 2020-01-30 Mahle International Gmbh Accumulator arrangement
WO2020031619A1 (fr) * 2018-08-06 2020-02-13 株式会社デンソー Batterie assemblée
DE102018221477A1 (de) 2018-12-12 2020-06-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Batteriemodul aufweisend eine Mehrzahl an Batteriezellen
US20220271380A1 (en) 2021-02-24 2022-08-25 Mahle International Gmbh Battery device

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008051897A1 (de) * 2008-10-16 2010-04-22 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Halte- und Kühlungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Halte- und Kühlungsvorrichtung
US20130209856A1 (en) * 2012-02-15 2013-08-15 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Cooling system for automotive battery
US20190229386A1 (en) 2016-10-05 2019-07-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Stored Electrical Energy Source Having Cooling Plates Arranged Between the Cells for Emergency Cooling
US20190237833A1 (en) * 2016-10-05 2019-08-01 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Stored Electrical Energy Source Having an Emergency Cooling Device
US20200036062A1 (en) * 2018-07-27 2020-01-30 Mahle International Gmbh Accumulator arrangement
WO2020031619A1 (fr) * 2018-08-06 2020-02-13 株式会社デンソー Batterie assemblée
DE102018221477A1 (de) 2018-12-12 2020-06-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Batteriemodul aufweisend eine Mehrzahl an Batteriezellen
US20220271380A1 (en) 2021-02-24 2022-08-25 Mahle International Gmbh Battery device

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20210249725A1 (en) Battery pack, vehicle, and energy storage device
US10205203B2 (en) Cooling system for battery pack
JP5639835B2 (ja) 電池パック及びこれを備えた電動車
EP3062361B1 (fr) Cadre pour batterie secondaire, et module de batterie le comprenant
JP4438813B2 (ja) 蓄電装置
CN112103594A (zh) 一种浸没式液冷电池包
JP2003142051A (ja) 電池パック
EP2575195B1 (fr) Bloc-batteries
KR20140042851A (ko) 재충전 가능한 전지
JP5629565B2 (ja) 電池モジュール
CN111033876A (zh) 电池组
JP2015088236A (ja) 電池モジュール及び電池システム
WO2024083785A1 (fr) Positionnement des cellules du bloc-batterie
US6169658B1 (en) Plenumless air cooled avionics rack
CN213340556U (zh) 电池箱体及电池
JP2015041605A (ja) 電池モジュール及び電池モジュール定置用ラック
CN210535741U (zh) 一种电池模组
JP7230553B2 (ja) 電池構造体
JP2012079512A (ja) 電池モジュール、及び該電池モジュールを備えた電池パック、並びに該電池パックを備えた電動車
CN212412131U (zh) 一种浸没式液冷电池包
US9406966B2 (en) Fuel cell assembly
CN212323081U (zh) 动力电池包和新能源车
JP6546339B2 (ja) 電池装置
CN114744338A (zh) 电池包
JP2003142059A (ja) バッテリ式電源装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23792930

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1