WO2024068267A1 - Disjoncteur et procédé - Google Patents

Disjoncteur et procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024068267A1
WO2024068267A1 PCT/EP2023/075067 EP2023075067W WO2024068267A1 WO 2024068267 A1 WO2024068267 A1 WO 2024068267A1 EP 2023075067 W EP2023075067 W EP 2023075067W WO 2024068267 A1 WO2024068267 A1 WO 2024068267A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
low
current
unit
voltage
resistance state
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/075067
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marvin TANNHÄUSER
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2024068267A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024068267A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to underload or no-load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/548—Electromechanical and static switch connected in series

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of a protective switching device for a low-voltage circuit with an electronic interruption unit and a method for a protective switching device for a low-voltage circuit with an electronic interruption unit.
  • Low voltage refers to voltages of up to 1000 volts AC or up to 1500 volts DC. Low voltage refers in particular to voltages that are higher than extra-low voltage, with values of 50 volts AC or 120 volts DC.
  • a low-voltage circuit, network or system refers to circuits with nominal or rated currents of up to 125 amps, more specifically up to 63 amps.
  • a low-voltage circuit particularly refers to circuits with nominal or rated currents of up to 50 amps, 40 amps, 32 amps, 25 amps, 16 amps or 10 amps.
  • the current values mentioned particularly refer to nominal, rated and/or breaking currents, i.e. the maximum current that is normally carried through the circuit or at which the electrical circuit is usually interrupted, for example by a protective device such as a protective switching device, circuit breaker or power switch.
  • the nominal currents can be further staggered, from 0.5 A to 1 A, 2 A, 3 A, 4 A, 5 A, 6 A, 7 A, 8 A, 9 A, 10 A, etc. up to 16 A.
  • Circuit breakers have long been known overcurrent protection devices that are used in electrical installation technology in low-voltage circuits. These protect cables from damage caused by heating due to excessive current and/or short circuits.
  • a circuit breaker can shut down the circuit in the event of an overload and/or short circuit. Switch off automatically at the end.
  • a circuit breaker is a non-automatically resetting safety element.
  • circuit breakers In contrast to circuit breakers, circuit breakers are intended for currents greater than 125 A, sometimes even from 63 amps. Circuit breakers are therefore designed to be simpler and more delicate. Circuit breakers usually have a mounting option for mounting on a so-called top-hat rail (mounting rail, DIN rail, TH35).
  • Circuit breakers are electromechanical in design. They have a mechanical switching contact or shunt release in a housing to interrupt (trip) the electrical current.
  • a bimetal protective element or bimetal element is usually used to trip (interrupt) the circuit in the event of a prolonged overcurrent (overcurrent protection) or thermal overload (overload protection).
  • An electromagnetic release with a coil is used for brief tripping when an overcurrent limit is exceeded or in the event of a short circuit (short-circuit protection).
  • One or more arc quenching chambers or devices for arc quenching are provided. There are also connection elements for conductors of the electrical circuit to be protected.
  • Protective switching devices with an electronic interruption unit are relatively new developments. They have a semiconductor-based electronic interruption unit. This means that the electrical current flow of the low-voltage circuit is guided via semiconductor components or semiconductor switches, which interrupt the electrical current flow or can be switched to conduct.
  • Protective switching devices with an electronic interruption unit also often have a mechanical isolating contact unit, in particular with isolating properties in accordance with the relevant standards for low-voltage circuits, whereby the contacts of the mechanical isolating contact unit are connected in series to the electronic interruption unit, i.e. the current of the low-voltage circuit to be protected is conducted via both the mechanical isolating contact unit and the electronic interruption unit.
  • the present invention relates in particular to low-voltage alternating current circuits with an alternating voltage, usually with a time-dependent sinusoidal alternating voltage with the frequency f.
  • a harmonic alternating voltage can be represented by the rotation of a pointer whose length corresponds to the amplitude (U) of the voltage.
  • the instantaneous deflection is the projection of the pointer onto a coordinate system.
  • One oscillation period corresponds to a full rotation of the pointer and its full angle is 2n (2Pi) or 360°.
  • the angular frequency is the rate of change of the phase angle of this rotating pointer.
  • angular frequency (w) is often preferred over the frequency (f), since many formulas in vibration theory can be represented more compactly using the angular frequency due to the occurrence of trigonometric functions, the period of which is by definition 2n: u (t) U * sin(wt)
  • the time-dependent value of the angular velocity w and the time t corresponds to the time-dependent angle cp ( t ) , which is also referred to as the phase angle cp ( t ).
  • the phase angle cp ( t ) periodically passes through the range O...2n or 0°...360°.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve a protective switching device of the type mentioned at the beginning, in particular to achieve greater safety in the low-voltage electrical circuit to be protected by the protective switching device.
  • a protective switching device for protecting an electrical low-voltage circuit, in particular a low-voltage alternating circuit comprising:
  • a mechanical isolating contact unit which is installed in series with a an electronic interruption unit is connected, the series connection being connected on the one hand to the at least one network-side connection and on the other hand to the at least one load-side connection,
  • the mechanical isolating contact unit can be switched by opening contacts to prevent current flow or by closing the contacts to prevent current flow in the low-voltage circuit
  • the electronic interruption unit can be switched by semiconductor-based switching elements into a high-resistance state of the switching elements to avoid current flow or a low-resistance state of the switching elements for current flow in the low-voltage circuit
  • control unit which is connected to the current sensor unit, the mechanical isolating contact unit and the electronic interruption unit, wherein when current and/or current time limit values are exceeded, avoidance of a current flow in the low-voltage circuit is initiated, in particular by a high-resistance state of the switching elements of the electronic interruption unit.
  • the protective switching device is designed in such a way that the protective switching device is designed in such a way that when the contacts of the mechanical isolating contact unit are closed and the electronic interruption unit is switched with low resistance, at a level of the current of the low-voltage circuit that has a first current threshold, specifically an effective value of the current as the first current threshold, for If the time falls below a first time period, the electronic interruption unit is switched to the high-resistance state.
  • the first current threshold (e.g. effective value) can be less than 10 mA or 5 mA or 1 mA, any intermediate value is possible and disclosed. Values of up to 1 mA are possible for voltage freedom / field freedom.
  • the current threshold could advantageously be set at higher values, such as 5 mA or 10 mA. In this way, consumers in standby mode could be switched off at the load-side connections in order to reduce power consumption.
  • the first time period can be in the range of minutes. It can be one minute or more than one minute. In particular, it can be more than 2 minutes, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes or 30 minutes; any intermediate value is possible and disclosed.
  • a check is carried out to determine whether a current which is greater than a second current threshold (wherein the second current threshold is in particular an instantaneous value of the magnitude of the current, which is in particular dependent on the magnitude of the instantaneous value of the voltage at the network-side connections) could flow.
  • a second current threshold is in particular an instantaneous value of the magnitude of the current, which is in particular dependent on the magnitude of the instantaneous value of the voltage at the network-side connections
  • the electronic interruption unit is switched to the low-resistance state.
  • a voltage sensor unit can be provided to determine the level of the Voltage (particularly instantaneous voltage values) of the low-voltage circuit at the mains-side connections of the protective switching device.
  • the voltage sensor unit can be connected to the control unit.
  • third current or third current threshold a further current that flows, for example, temporarily (phase angle wise / in a phase angle range of the voltage (at the mains-side connections) or the current) and from whose level a conclusion can be drawn about the current flow capability for the second current threshold (in particular an effective value), i.e. whether the second current threshold (effective value) could be exceeded.
  • the second current threshold (in particular an effective value, as an alternative to the instantaneous value) is in particular greater than the first current threshold. In particular, it is greater than 10% or 20% or 30% of the first current threshold, any intermediate value being possible and disclosed. More specifically, the second current threshold is greater than or equal to 1 mA.
  • the test is carried out in such a way that the electronic interruption unit is periodically switched to the low-resistance state for a second period of time at a first time interval.
  • a determination is made as to whether a current that exceeds the second current threshold could flow (see above: "further / third current"). If the determination is positive, the electronic interruption unit switches to the low-resistance state, otherwise the periodic switching (into the low-resistance state) is continued.
  • the first time interval is, for example, in the range 500 ms to 1 second or . to 2 seconds, whereby any intermediate value is possible and disclosed.
  • the second time period is, for example, less than or equal to 20 ms, in particular less than 10 ms, more specifically less than 3 ms, 2 ms, 1 ms, 800 ps, 700 ps or 500 ps, with any intermediate value being possible and disclosed.
  • a voltage sensor unit which is connected to the control unit and which determines the level of the voltage, in particular instantaneous values of the level of the voltage, of the low-voltage circuit, in particular at the mains-side connections, specifically between the mains-side neutral conductor connection and the mains-side phase conductor connection).
  • the periodic switching of the electronic interruption unit EU to the low-resistance state takes place when the amount of the instantaneous value of the level of the voltage falls below a first voltage limit, which is in particular less than or equal to 50 volts.
  • the test is carried out by using an auxiliary voltage, in particular auxiliary alternating voltage, which has a first voltage voltage limit, which is in particular less than or equal to 50 volts.
  • the mechanical isolating contact unit is assigned to the load-side connection(s) and the electronic interruption unit is assigned to the mains-side connection(s).
  • the mechanical isolating contact unit can be operated by a mechanical handle in order to switch an opening of contacts or a closing of the contacts.
  • the protective switching device is designed such that the contacts of the mechanical isolating contact unit can be opened by the control unit but cannot be closed.
  • control unit has a microcontroller.
  • the mechanical isolating contact unit can be switched by opening contacts to prevent current flow or by closing the contacts to prevent current flow in the low-voltage circuit
  • the electronic interruption unit can be switched by semiconductor-based switching elements into a high-resistance state of the switching elements to prevent current flow or a low-resistance state of the switching elements to allow current flow in the low-voltage circuit
  • the electronic interruption unit is switched to the high-resistance state at a level of the current in the low-voltage circuit that falls below a first current threshold for a first period of time.
  • a test is advantageously carried out to determine whether a current that is greater than a second current threshold could flow. If the test is positive, the electronic interruption unit is switched to the low-resistance state.
  • the test is advantageously carried out in such a way that the electronic interruption unit is periodically switched to the low-resistance state at a first time interval for a second period of time. For the second period of the low-resistance state, a determination is made as to whether a current that exceeds the second current threshold could flow. If the determination is positive, the electronic interruption unit switches to the low-resistance state, otherwise the periodic switching is continued to the low-resistance state for testing purposes.
  • the computer program product comprises commands which, when the program is executed by a microcontroller, cause the microcontroller to support the behavior and the test, in particular to carry them out, in order to achieve greater safety in the low-voltage electrical circuit to be protected by the protective switching device.
  • the microcontroller is part of the protective switching device, in particular the control unit.
  • a corresponding computer-readable storage medium on which the computer program product is stored is claimed.
  • the contacts of the mechanical isolating contact unit are closed and low-resistance interruption unit and
  • the electronic interruption unit becomes high-resistance and the mechanical isolating contact unit remains closed
  • the electronic interruption unit becomes high-resistance and the mechanical isolating contact unit is opened.
  • Figure 1 is a first representation of a protective switching device
  • Figure 2 is a second representation of a protective switching device
  • Figure 3 is a third representation of a protective switching device
  • Figure 4 is a representation with temporal progressions of technical quantities.
  • Figure 1 shows a representation of a protective switching device SG for protecting an electrical low-voltage circuit, in particular a low-voltage alternating current circuit, with a housing GEH, comprising:
  • the load-side connection points APNL, APLL are connected to the load-side neutral and phase conductor connections NL, LL, so that the contacts KKN, KKL can be opened to prevent a current flow or closed to allow a current flow in the low-voltage circuit.
  • an electronic interruption unit EU in particular a single-pole one (which is arranged in the phase conductor in the case of a single-pole version) with a mains-side connection point EUG, which is connected to the mains-side phase conductor connection LG is in electrical connection, and a load-side connection point EUL which is in electrical connection or connected to the mains-side connection point APLG of the mechanical isolating contact unit MK, wherein the electronic interruption unit has a high-resistance state of the switching elements to prevent a current flow or a low-resistance state of the switching elements to allow current flow in the low-voltage circuit by means of semiconductor-based switching elements,
  • control unit SE which is connected to the current sensor unit SI, the mechanical isolating contact unit MK and the electronic interruption unit EU, whereby if current and/or current time limit values are exceeded, avoidance of a current flow in the low-voltage circuit is initiated.
  • the protective switching device is designed in such a way that, when the contacts of the mechanical isolating contact unit MK are closed and the electronic interruption unit EU is switched to a low-resistance state, the electronic interruption unit EU is switched to the high-resistance state when the current level of the low-voltage circuit falls below a first current threshold for a first period of time.
  • a check is advantageously carried out to determine whether a current that is greater than a second current threshold could flow. If the test is positive, the electronic interruption unit EU is switched to the low-resistance state.
  • the test can be carried out in such a way that the electronic interruption unit EU periodically switches to the low-resistance mode at a first time interval for a second period of time state is switched. For the second period of time in the low-resistance state, a determination is made as to whether a current that exceeds the second current threshold could flow. If the determination is positive, the electronic interruption unit EU switches to the low-resistance state. Otherwise, the periodic switching (into the low-resistance state) continues.
  • a (first) voltage sensor unit SUA can be provided which is connected to the control unit SE and which determines the level of the voltage, in particular instantaneous values of the level of the voltage, of the low-voltage circuit, in particular at the mains-side connections LG, NG, specifically between the mains-side neutral conductor connection NG and the mains-side phase conductor connection LG.
  • the periodic switching of the electronic interruption unit EU to the low-resistance state advantageously takes place when the amount of the instantaneous value of the level of the voltage falls below a first voltage limit, which is in particular less than or equal to 50 volts.
  • the test can be carried out by using an auxiliary voltage, in particular an auxiliary alternating voltage, which falls below a first voltage limit, which is in particular less than or equal to 50 volts.
  • the mechanical isolating contact unit MK and the electronic interruption unit EU form a series circuit.
  • the series connection is connected on the one hand to the at least one network-side connection and on the other hand to the at least one load-side connection.
  • the mechanical isolating contact unit MK can advantageously be assigned to the load-side connection and the electronic interruption unit EU to the network-side connection, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the mechanical isolating contact unit MK can be operated by a mechanical handle HH in order to switch the contacts to open or close, as with a a classic line switch or miniature circuit breaker (MCB).
  • the first current threshold can be less than 10 mA or less than 5 mA or less than 1 mA.
  • the second current threshold can be greater than the first current threshold. It can be greater than 10% or 20% or 30% of the first current threshold.
  • the first time period can be equal to or greater than one minute. It can be greater than 2 minutes, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes or 30 minutes.
  • the first time interval can be between 500 ms or 2 seconds (any value possible).
  • the second time period can be less than or equal to 20 ms, in particular less than 10 ms, more specifically less than 3 ms, 2 ms, 1 ms, 700 ps or 500 ps.
  • the control unit SE can have a microcontroller MP.
  • a second voltage sensor unit SUB connected to the control unit SE can be provided, which determines the level of the voltage between the mains-side connection point EUG and the load-side connection point EUL of the electronic interruption unit EU.
  • a measuring impedance ZM can be connected between the mains-side connection points APLG, APNG of the mechanical isolating contact unit MK.
  • the measuring impedance ZM can be, for example, an electrical resistor and/or capacitor.
  • the measuring impedance can also be an inductance.
  • the measuring impedance can be a series connection or parallel connection of a resistor and/or capacitor and/or inductance.
  • the electronic interruption unit EU is designed as a single-pole unit, in the example in the phase conductor.
  • the mains-side connection point APNG for the neutral conductor of the mechanical isolating contact unit MK is connected to the mains-side neutral conductor connection NG of the housing GEH.
  • the protective switching device SG is advantageously designed such that the contacts of the mechanical isolating contact unit MK can be opened but not closed by the control unit SE, which is indicated by an arrow from the control unit SE to the mechanical isolating contact unit MK.
  • the mechanical isolating contact unit MK can be operated by a mechanical handle HH on the protective switching device SG in order to switch the contacts KKL, KKN to manual (manual) opening or closing.
  • the mechanical handle HH indicates (specifically through a mechanical connection between contacts and handle) the switching status (open or closed) of the contacts of the mechanical isolating contact unit MK on the protective switching device.
  • the contact position (or the position of the handle, closed or open) can be transmitted to the control unit SE.
  • the contact position (or the position of the handle) can be determined, for example, using a sensor (POS).
  • the mechanical isolating contact unit MK is advantageously designed in such a way that (manual) closing of the contacts by the mechanical handle is only possible after an enable, in particular a release signal.
  • the protective switching device SG has a power supply NT, for example a power supply.
  • the energy supply NT is provided for the control unit SE, which is indicated by a connection between the energy supply NT and the control unit SE in Figure 1.
  • the power supply NT is (on the other hand) connected to the network-side neutral conductor connection NG and the network-side phase conductor connection LG.
  • a fuse SS in particular a fuse, and/or a switch can advantageously be provided in the connection to the network-side neutral conductor connection NG (and/or phase conductor connection LG).
  • the measuring impedance ZM can be connected to the network-side neutral conductor connection NG via the fuse SS.
  • a three-pole electronic unit EPART can advantageously be implemented, for example as a module that has three connection points, a neutral conductor connection point and two phase conductor connection points.
  • the electronic unit EPART has, for example, the electronic interruption unit EU, the control unit SE, the power supply NT (in particular including fuse SS), the current sensor unit SI, the first voltage sensor unit SUA and optionally the second voltage sensor unit SUB.
  • the low voltage circuit may be a three-phase alternating circuit, with a neutral conductor and three phase conductors.
  • the protective switching device can be designed as a three-phase variant and, for example, have additional line-side and load-side phase conductor connections.
  • Electronic interruption units and current sensor units (if necessary further first voltage sensor units) according to the invention are provided in an analogous manner between the further network-side and load-side phase conductor connections.
  • contacts of the mechanical isolating contact unit By high-resistance is meant a condition in which only a negligible current flows.
  • high-resistance means resistance values of greater than 1 kiloohm, better greater than 10 kiloohm, 100 kiloohm, 1 megaohm, 10 megaohm, 100 megaohm, 1 gigaohm or greater.
  • Low-resistance refers to a condition in which the current value specified on the protective switching device could flow.
  • low-resistance means resistance values that are smaller than 10 ohms, preferably smaller than 1 ohm, 100 milliohms, 10 milliohms, 1 milliohms or smaller.
  • the mechanical isolating contact unit MK can interrupt on one pole.
  • D. H . only one conductor (of the two/more) conductors, in particular the active conductor or phase conductor, is interrupted, i.e. H . has mechanical contact.
  • the neutral conductor is then contact-free, i.e. H . the neutral wire is directly connected.
  • phase conductors have mechanical contacts of the mechanical isolating contact unit.
  • neutral conductor is directly connected. For example, for a three-phase AC circuit.
  • the neutral conductor also has mechanical contacts, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the mechanical isolating contact unit MK refers in particular to a (standard-compliant) isolating function, implemented by the isolating contact unit MK.
  • the isolating function includes the following points: -Minimum air gap according to the standard (minimum distance between the contacts), -Contact position indicator of the contacts of the mechanical isolating contact unit, -Release, i.e. an operation to interrupt the contacts of the mechanical isolating contact unit by the handle or control unit is always possible, so that no (permanent) blocking of the contacts in the closed Condition through which handling is possible is meant.
  • the minimum air gap between the contacts of the isolating contact unit is essentially voltage dependent. Other parameters are the degree of contamination, the type of field (homogeneous, inhomogeneous), and the air pressure or altitude above sea level.
  • the isolating contact unit is advantageously characterized by a minimum air gap of the open isolating contacts in the position (open position, open contacts) depending on the rated impulse withstand voltage and the degree of pollution.
  • the minimum air gap is in particular between (at least) 0.01 mm and 14 mm.
  • the minimum air gap is advantageously between 0.01 mm at 0.33 kV and 14 mm at 12 kV, in particular for degree of pollution 1 and in particular for inhomogeneous fields.
  • the minimum air distance can advantageously have the following values: E DIN EN 60947-1 (VDE 0660-100): 2018-06
  • pollution levels and field types correspond to those defined in the standards. This advantageously makes it possible to achieve a standard-compliant protective switching device that is dimensioned in accordance with the rated impulse voltage strength.
  • a mechanical isolating contact unit does not mean a relay contact.
  • Figure 2 shows an illustration similar to Figure 1, with the difference that an energy source EQ with a nominal voltage U N of the low-voltage circuit is connected to the grid side Grid. Furthermore, a consumer or energy sink ES is connected to the load side Load.
  • a release signal enable is shown when connecting the control unit SE to the mechanical isolating contact unit MK.
  • the mechanical isolating contact unit MK is shown in an open state OFF, i.e. H . with open contacts KKN, KKL to prevent current flow.
  • the protective switching device SG for example, basically works in such a way that when the contacts of the mechanical isolating contact unit and low-resistance interruption unit are closed, and
  • the electronic interruption unit EU becomes high-resistance and the mechanical isolating contact unit MK remains closed
  • the electronic interruption unit becomes high-resistance and the mechanical isolating contact unit MK is opened.
  • Figure 3 shows a representation according to Figure 1 or. 2, with the difference that the SG protective switching device is constructed in two parts. It contains an electronic first part EPART, for example on a printed circuit board
  • the first part EPART can have the control unit SE, the first voltage sensor unit SUA, the second voltage sensor unit SUB, the current sensor unit ST, the electronic interruption unit EU, the power supply NT. Furthermore, the first part can have a fuse SS, a switch SCH, the measuring impedance ZM, a temperature sensor TEM (in particular for the electronic interruption unit EU), a communication unit COM, a display unit DISP.
  • the first part EPART has only three connections:
  • the protective switching device contains a second part, in particular a mechanical one, MPART.
  • the second part MPART can have the mechanical isolating contact unit MK, the handle HH, a release unit EG.
  • the second part can have a position unit POS, for reporting the position of the contacts of the mechanical isolating contacts unit MK to the control unit, as well as the (neutral conductor) connection (s). Additional, unspecified, units may be provided.
  • the release unit EG causes the actuation of the contacts of the mechanical isolating contact unit to be released by the handle HH if there is a release signal in enable. Furthermore, the release unit FG can cause the contacts to open if an opening signal OEF is present. The release unit then acts as a trigger unit.
  • the protective switching device advantageously ensures that the electrical line and consumer / energy sink ES on the load side of the protective switching device is switched off when no (or only very little) current flows on the load side (no connected consumer needs to be supplied).
  • An electronic protection and switching device is advantageously expanded for this purpose, for example by an expansion in a firmware of a microcontroller MP of the control unit SE, for example by means of a corresponding computer program product.
  • the load current of the connected consumers is advantageously recorded by the (electronic) protective switching device/the current sensor unit/current measurement contained therein.
  • the protective switching device can be parameterized in this way. can be programmed so that the electronic interruption unit EU is switched to the high-resistance state as soon as the current on the load side Load or Load current 1 L OAD falls below a first current threshold.
  • the connected line on the load side is then voltage-free and field-free.
  • the device then advantageously carries out a test or checking function to check whether a current (greater than a second current threshold) could flow again on the load side Load.
  • This test is carried out, for example, by switching the electronic interruption unit EU to the low-resistance state for a short time.
  • Figure 4 shows an example of such a test pulse.
  • Figure 4 shows representations of various electrical quantities in connection with the aforementioned designs over time t.
  • the nominal voltage U N is shown over time t, a sinusoidal alternating voltage.
  • a test pulse is shown synchronously with this over time t.
  • the vertical Y-axis of the representation is marked with the designation SWITCH.
  • the electronic interruption unit EU is switched on / switched to the low-impedance state for one half-wave of the alternating voltage U N.
  • the switch-on can also be shorter (or longer), such as 5ms, 1ms, 800 ps, 700 ps (20 ms).
  • the electronic interruption unit EU can be switched on/switched to the low-resistance state when the instantaneous value of the alternating voltage falls below a first voltage limit, such as. B. 50 volts. So that one Test pulse is only emitted when instantaneous mains voltage values are less than 50V. This would have the added benefit of electrical safety.
  • the resulting test pulse is shown in the third representation of the load voltage U L OAD on the load side Load of the protective switching device SG over time t as a half-wave of the voltage.
  • this test pulse is carried out repeatedly, for example once per second. This means that after a consumer ES or load is connected or switched on, the consumer ES is supplied with voltage/energy again within one second.
  • This delay time (or response time) can also be changed via the firmware, for example. For example, a customer can choose between a faster response within 0.5 seconds or a slower response within 2 seconds.
  • the level of the load current 1 L OAD on the load side Load of the protective switching device SG is shown over time, for a first and a second case.
  • the determined load current 1 L OAD is smaller than the second current threshold i L im- or it is determined that a (load) current that is greater than the second current threshold i L im could not flow.
  • the electronic interruption unit EU remains in the high-resistance state and carries out this test again later (the latter is not shown in time).
  • the determined load current 1 L OAD is greater than the second current threshold i L im- Or . It is determined that a (load) current that is greater than the second current threshold i L im could flow.
  • the electronic interruption unit EU is switched to the low-resistance state. This is shown in dashed lines in the second illustration SWITCH with the state "Automatic on”, similarly shown in dashed lines in the fifth illustration "case II" that the load current 1 L OAD is flowing again.
  • the function according to the invention can be designed so that it can be activated (on/off).
  • a computer program product or Algorithm evaluates (in the background) the level of the determined current of the low-voltage circuit on the load side of the protective switching device. If a first current threshold is undershot for a first period of time, the electronic interruption unit EU is switched to the high-resistance state. After switching the electronic interruption unit EU to the high-resistance state, a test is carried out, for example using test pulses, to determine whether a current that is greater than the second current threshold could flow. If the test is positive, the electronic interruption unit EU is switched to the low-resistance state.
  • the control unit SE can have a microcontroller.
  • the microcontroller can run the computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes commands which, when the program is executed by the microcontroller, cause it to control the protective switching device, in particular to support, in particular to carry out, the method according to the invention.
  • the computer program product can be stored on a computer-readable storage medium, such as a CD-ROM, a USB stick or similar.

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  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un disjoncteur conçu pour protéger un circuit électrique basse tension comprenant : un boîtier qui comprend au moins un branchement côté réseau et au moins un branchement côté charge ; une unité de contact de coupure mécanique qui est montée en série avec une unité de coupure électronique, le montage en série étant relié d'une part à au moins un branchement côté réseau et d'autre part à au moins un branchement côté charge. Selon l'invention : l'unité de coupure mécanique peut être commutée par une ouverture de contacts pour empêcher le passage du courant ou par une fermeture des contacts pour permettre le passage du courant dans le circuit électrique basse tension ; l'unité de coupure électronique peut être mise par des éléments de commutation à base de semi-conducteurs à un état de haute impédance des éléments de commutation pour empêcher le passage de courant ou à un état de basse impédance des éléments de commutation pour permettre le passage du courant dans le circuit électrique basse tension ; le niveau du courant dans le circuit électrique basse tension, en particulier entre un branchement de conducteur de phase côté réseau et un branchement de conducteur de phase côté charge, est déterminé ; en cas de dépassement de valeurs limites de courant ou/et de temps-courant, un blocage du passage de courant dans le circuit électrique basse tension est amorcé ; lorsque les contacts de l'unité de coupure mécanique sont fermés et que l'unité de coupure électronique est mise à l'état de basse impédance, lorsque le niveau du courant du circuit basse tension passe au-dessous d'un premier seuil de courant pendant une première durée, l'unité de coupure électronique est mise à l'état de haute impédance .
PCT/EP2023/075067 2022-09-29 2023-09-13 Disjoncteur et procédé WO2024068267A1 (fr)

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DE102022210358.0A DE102022210358A1 (de) 2022-09-29 2022-09-29 Schutzschaltgerät und Verfahren

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170345600A1 (en) * 2015-02-16 2017-11-30 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Circuit breaker and method for operation thereof
WO2021043497A1 (fr) * 2019-09-06 2021-03-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareil coupure de protection, système de coupure de protection et procédé
US20210296059A1 (en) * 2018-08-08 2021-09-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switching device and method
WO2022136443A1 (fr) * 2020-12-21 2022-06-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Disjoncteur et procédé

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020216409B4 (de) 2020-12-21 2022-08-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schutzschaltgerät und Verfahren
DE102021210810A1 (de) 2021-09-28 2023-03-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schutzschaltgerät und Verfahren

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170345600A1 (en) * 2015-02-16 2017-11-30 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Circuit breaker and method for operation thereof
US20210296059A1 (en) * 2018-08-08 2021-09-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switching device and method
WO2021043497A1 (fr) * 2019-09-06 2021-03-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareil coupure de protection, système de coupure de protection et procédé
WO2022136443A1 (fr) * 2020-12-21 2022-06-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Disjoncteur et procédé

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