WO2024068232A1 - Outil de compression comportant une couche de nickel - Google Patents

Outil de compression comportant une couche de nickel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024068232A1
WO2024068232A1 PCT/EP2023/074656 EP2023074656W WO2024068232A1 WO 2024068232 A1 WO2024068232 A1 WO 2024068232A1 EP 2023074656 W EP2023074656 W EP 2023074656W WO 2024068232 A1 WO2024068232 A1 WO 2024068232A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
pressing tool
pressing
pores
nickel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/074656
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Berthold Thölen
Original Assignee
Hueck Rheinische Gmbh
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2024068232A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024068232A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
    • C23C18/1675—Process conditions
    • C23C18/1683—Control of electrolyte composition, e.g. measurement, adjustment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
    • B30B15/062—Press plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
    • B30B15/062—Press plates
    • B30B15/064—Press plates with heating or cooling means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1603—Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C18/1605—Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas by masking
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
    • C23C18/1646—Characteristics of the product obtained
    • C23C18/1648—Porous product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
    • C23C18/1655—Process features
    • C23C18/1662—Use of incorporated material in the solution or dispersion, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
    • C23C18/1689—After-treatment
    • C23C18/1692—Heat-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C18/1803—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces
    • C23C18/1806—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by mechanical pretreatment, e.g. grinding, sanding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
    • B30B5/04—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/31—Coating with metals
    • C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
    • C23C18/34—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents
    • C23C18/36—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents using hypophosphites

Definitions

  • the invention relates to pressing tools for pressing material panels in heating presses, comprising:
  • the invention further relates to a method for treating a surface of a pressing tool.
  • Material panels for example wood-based panels, are required for the furniture industry and for interior design, for example for laminate floors.
  • the material panels have a core made of MDF (medium density fiberboard) or HDF (high density fiberboard), onto which core various material layers are placed at least on one side, for example an (optical) decorative layer and a protective layer (overlay layer).
  • MDF medium density fiberboard
  • HDF high density fiberboard
  • such material panels are usually provided with the same number of material layers on both sides; in order to connect the individual layers of the material panels (core, material layers, etc.) to one another, they are pressed together in a press using special pressing tools, in particular press plates or endless belts (or rollers). The surface of the material panels is also embossed in the process. Hot presses are usually used to connect the various material layers made of thermosetting resins, for example melamine resin, to the surface of the core under the influence of heat by fusing the plastic materials.
  • thermosetting resins for example melamine resin
  • the decorative layers determine the pattern and color design of the material panels; a desired surface structure can be achieved by using suitable pressing tools.
  • a Wood or tile decor can be printed on the decorative layer (decorative paper), or decorative layers with patterns and color schemes can be used that are artistically designed according to the respective intended use.
  • Overlay layers can also be used that are printed on the top or bottom.
  • the pressing tools are provided with a surface structure that conforms to the decorative layer and forms a negative image of the desired surface structure.
  • the pressing tools therefore have a 3D profile (depth structuring) that is modeled on the wood veins of a wooden surface, for example, in order to give the decorative layer of the material panel the appearance of such a wooden surface.
  • pressing tools are used that also have certain levels of gloss or mattness.
  • a certain level of gloss or mattness in a selected surface area of the pressing tool, it is possible to create any reflections or shades in the material plate that give the viewer the impression of a natural wood, tile or natural stone surface of other materials, for example.
  • the pressing plates or endless belts are used as upper and lower tools in short-cycle presses, which are covered with pressing plates, or in double-belt presses with endless belts, whereby the embossing and heating of the material plates takes place at the same time, so that the thermosetting resins of the decorative and/or overlay layers of the material plates are first melted, the surface structure corresponding to the surface structuring of the pressing tools is introduced into the external material layers, and the structured material layers are bonded to the core of the material plate by subsequent curing.
  • digitized image data of a decorative template can be used to apply an etching resist for structuring the pressed sheets or endless belts.
  • an etching resist is applied to the pressed sheets or endless belts, for example using a digital printer, in order to then carry out an etching process.
  • further processing of the pressing tool can be carried out, preferably in the case of surface structures with particularly deep/high structures, several etching processes can be carried out one after the other.
  • an etching resist is applied to the already etched pressed sheet or endless strip and etching is carried out again until the desired deep structure has been produced.
  • a rough or fine structuring of the surface structuring can also be carried out, depending on which surface structure is to be given to the material plate.
  • material-applying processes can also be used to produce the surface structure (layer by layer) on the surface of the pressing tools. Most of these processes use masks (masking) to protect the surface of the pressing tool from subsequent material application or removal. By repeatedly applying appropriate masks and then applying or removing material, surface structures of various designs can be produced.
  • a surface structure is ultimately created on the pressing tool, which represents the negative of the surface structure to be embossed into the material plate.
  • Raised areas in the surface structure correspond to the depressions to be embossed in the surface structure of the material plate, or depressions in the Surface structuring the elevations which the surface structure of the material plate should have.
  • WO 2009/062488 A2 discloses a press plate with a structured press surface.
  • the structured press surface comprises a structure that has a mountain-like surface with valleys and peaks. Using the press surface, a workpiece designed as a material plate with a structured surface can be produced.
  • the structured press surface comprises a full-surface chrome layer that lies against the material plate during pressing.
  • the structured press surface is produced by deep etching.
  • WO 2008/120058 A1 discloses a pressing tool whose pressing surface is formed by a layer which consists of a metal matrix with mineral or ceramic particles embedded therein.
  • additional surface coatings are provided on the pressing tools, which serve to improve the properties of the tool in the pressing process, in terms of chemical resistance, wear resistance and its hardness. These are often provided to ensure uniform properties of the pressing tool for the pressing process itself.
  • a disadvantage of state-of-the-art pressing tools is that, due to the surfaces produced and the protective coatings applied to them, they often exhibit undesirable distortions or tolerance deviations in the structure or relief to be embossed, which results in qualitative losses in the material plates, particularly with regard to their appearance.
  • the object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a pressing tool and a method for processing a pressing tool, by means of which a user is able to avoid unintentional deviations from the desired surface contour and yet to be able to meet the mechanical and chemical requirements for protective or surface coatings.
  • This task is solved by a device and a method according to the claims.
  • the pressing tool according to the invention is characterized in that the surface coating is formed by a layer of nickel or a nickel alloy and has a uniform or constant layer thickness.
  • a particularly contour-true tool surface can be obtained and at the same time the necessary properties with regard to the requirements for corrosion protection or chemical resistance, as well as the required surface hardness, can be met.
  • its optical properties can be reproduced directly, for example a matt impression with a certain mattness.
  • the use of a layer of chemical nickel has proven to be particularly advantageous. Chemical nickel is a layer obtained using a deposition method that was deposited without the use of an external electric current.
  • a further advantage of the invention is that it is possible to provide a chromium-free pressing tool and a chromium-free process for producing such a pressing tool, since chromium is increasingly being avoided entirely in applications due to its environmentally and health-damaging properties.
  • the layer has evenly distributed pores, which can be introduced, for example, in a coating process.
  • a matte structure can be provided using simple methods without requiring additional forming steps for the coating.
  • the pores have an average pore diameter of 0.1 pm to 1 pm, in particular 0.1 pm to 0.5 pm. This measure can produce a particularly matt impression on a material plate.
  • the layer can have a pore content of at least 100 pores/cm 2 .
  • the layer has a phosphorus content of 1-13%.
  • the layer can have a thickness of 2-50 pm, in particular 5 to 25 pm.
  • Thin layers have the advantage that targeted pores can be created more easily. With thicker layers, improved wear and corrosion resistance can be achieved.
  • mineral particles can be embedded in the layer of the pressing tool.
  • the mineral particles of the metal layers in particular have a Mohs hardness of at least 8.
  • They preferably have a size in the nanometer or micrometer range, e.g. 0.1 pm to 5 pm. This allows the mineral particles to be embedded relatively homogeneously in the metal layers, giving the pressing tool a relatively homogeneous wear resistance over its entire pressing surface.
  • the size of the individual mineral particles can be different or essentially the same.
  • the mineral particles preferably have a volume fraction of at least 20% - 80%, in particular 50% - 70%, based on the volume of the layer with mineral particles embedded therein. Based on the size, the volume fraction and the type of minerals of the mineral particles, the desired degree of hardness or wear resistance of the layer can be adjusted.
  • the mineral particles include in particular diamond particles.
  • the diamond particles are preferably industrial diamond particles, ie the diamond or generally the mineral particles can be artificially produced.
  • the minerals silicon carbide, boron nitride, boron carbide, aluminum oxide and titanium oxide are suitable as Mineral particles can also be used.
  • the mineral particles can also preferably be in the form of mineral powder, in particular diamond powder and preferably industrial diamond powder.
  • the particles can preferably have a size of 0.5 pm to 1 pm, depending on the layer thickness.
  • the layer is a partial layer.
  • the partial layer can preferably be provided in those areas of the surface that have elevations. This refers to those elevations that primarily come into contact with a workpiece in a pressing process.
  • the partial layer can also have a different degree of gloss compared to the surface underneath.
  • the layer can also be a hardened layer, preferably with a Vickers hardness of 700 to 1100 HV. At this point, it should be mentioned that the hardness can also exceed this, depending on the processes used to produce the layers.
  • the substrate has a blasted surface on which surface the layer is arranged.
  • a blasted surface By means of a blasted surface, an improved adhesion of the layer can be achieved, as well as a matting.
  • a method according to the invention for treating a surface of a pressing tool is characterized in that the surface coating is applied in a coating process using a layer of nickel or a nickel alloy with a uniform layer thickness. This measure ensures a uniform coating to maintain the surface structure.
  • the layer is applied in an electrolyte without external current during the coating process.
  • This measure makes it possible to achieve a contour-accurate coating and to control the layer thickness during the coating process.
  • Electroless processes are electroplating applications in which coating is carried out without an external circuit. This process technology enables a particularly uniform layer thickness to be achieved.
  • Another advantage of this method is that even large-area pressing tools with severe unevenness can be used to apply uniform layers, as the chemical nickel is deposited evenly, especially in the areas that have not yet been coated.
  • a substrate material which is less noble than a metal to be deposited by means of an electrolyte can, for example, be introduced into said electrolyte by means of reduction deposition and coated by means of the metal from the electrolyte.
  • the pH value of the electrolyte is monitored and regulated.
  • the coating can be optimally regulated.
  • an acid content of the electrolyte is adjusted.
  • the speed of the separation process can be determined by regulating the acid content.
  • pores which have a desired pore property are introduced in the layer in a uniformly distributed manner by using a pore adjustment process.
  • matting can be carried out using particularly simple means, since the matting can be adjusted using the pore properties.
  • the pore adjustment process preferably includes a method for actively influencing the pores during coating.
  • a possible embodiment provides that the pore properties of the pores in the pore adjustment process are maintained by ending the coating process early. With this measure, an even distribution of the pores can be achieved, as well as a particularly economical method for producing the pores. Furthermore, it can be provided that the pore properties of the pores in the pore adjustment process are maintained by regulating a nickel concentration of the electrolyte. For example, deposition can also be controlled by reducing the nickel concentration in the electrolyte.
  • phosphorus is introduced into the layer in a proportion of 1-13% during the coating process.
  • Hypophosphite can be used to produce nickel layers with phosphorus content.
  • a surface of the substrate can be blasted before the coating process.
  • the surface coating is partially applied by masking at least one area of a surface of the substrate, thereby obtaining a partial layer.
  • the masking is carried out by passivation of at least one area of the surface of the substrate.
  • This measure makes it possible to achieve simple masking for a (chemical) coating process.
  • chromium is suitable for passivation.
  • aluminum, nickel, titanium, lead, zinc and silicon are also suitable as alternatives to avoid passivation.
  • an anodized layer can be provided for masking.
  • the layer can be heat treated after the coating process. Heat treatment can be used to achieve improved adhesion properties of the surface coating, as well as to increase hardness and wear resistance.
  • the layer is hardened at a temperature of 250°C to 500°C. With tempering at these temperature ranges, Vickers hardnesses of up to 1100 HV can be achieved.
  • the pores are subsequently treated by means of heat treatment, since thermal expansion and relaxation of the material in the area of the pores, in the direction of the pores, is used to influence the pore size. This makes it possible to subsequently change the pores by means of heat input, by using the lower resistance of the material of the layer in the area of the pores.
  • Fig. 1 A diagrammatic representation of a pressing tool
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of an embodiment of a surface coating
  • Fig. 4 a coating process for producing a surface coating
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a layer according to the invention with mineral particles
  • Fig. 6 shows a possible manufacturing process for a partial layer.
  • FIG. 1 shows a pressing tool 1 with a substrate 2 and a surface structure 3 attached thereto, which transfers the structure to the workpiece when pressing a workpiece with the pressing tool 11, for example in a heating press.
  • This allows the structure, which corresponds to the grain of a wood, for example, to be transferred to the workpiece, giving the workpiece a wooden look.
  • the pressing tool 1 which can be, for example, a pressed sheet or an endless belt, is processed.
  • This processing can be carried out by any one of sandblasting, chemical treatment, pressing, embossing, etching, polishing, laser processing, grinding, milling and application of coatings, or a combination of several of these.
  • FIG. 2 shows a possible embodiment of a surface structure 3 on a substrate 2, which is provided with a surface coating 4 according to the invention, comprising a layer 5 made of nickel or nickel alloy with a uniform layer thickness 6.
  • the layer 5 preferably has a layer thickness 6 of 2 -50 pm, especially 5 to 25 pm.
  • contour-accurate embossing can be ensured by means of the uniform layer thickness 6, since the surface structure 3 formed on the substrate 2 is retained in the layer 5 by the uniform layer thickness 6.
  • the surface structure 3 itself can have a different and multi-part layer structure, with different layers 13. Furthermore, the surface structure 3 can also only be formed by means of a further layer 13 or can only be formed in the substrate 2. To produce the surface structure 3, use the possible methods mentioned at the beginning and Applications noted.
  • the surface structure 3 can be designed as a fine or coarse structure and, as shown, form different valleys and elevations and be formed into different layers 13 or penetrate them.
  • the nickel layer 5 according to the invention can preferably be made from chemical nickel, which ensures a particularly contour-true design corresponding to the surface structure 3, as well as a consistently uniform layer thickness 6.
  • the substrate 2 can have a blasted surface 9, on which surface 9 the layer 5 is arranged.
  • the adhesive properties of the layer 5 can be improved, but a special mattness can also be achieved for the optics of the pressing tool to be transferred.
  • FIG 3 shows a top view of an embodiment of a surface coating 4 with a layer 5 according to the invention.
  • the layer 5 preferably has evenly distributed pores 7.
  • a matt surface can be produced on a material plate, as mentioned at the beginning. It is advantageous if the pores 7 have an average pore diameter 8 of 0.1 pm to 1 pm, in particular 0.1 pm to 0.5 pm, in order to achieve a desired matt appearance.
  • the pores 7 can penetrate the layer 5 to the surface underneath, or can only penetrate into the layer 5.
  • the pores can be created, for example, by controlling a coating process, which will be discussed in more detail below.
  • the layer 5 with the pores 7 is shown roughly schematically and is not limited to the conditions shown.
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows a method for treating a surface 9 of a pressing tool, wherein a surface coating 4 is applied to a substrate 2.
  • the surface coating 4 is applied in a coating process 10 by means of a layer 5 made of nickel or a nickel alloy with a uniform layer thickness.
  • the layer 5 can preferably be deposited in an electrolyte 11 without external current.
  • the electrons required to separate or reduce the nickel ions by means of a redox reaction are generated in the bath itself.
  • the substrate 2 or the pressing tool acts as a heterogeneous catalyst.
  • the reducing agent is oxidized on the surface 9 of the substrate 2 to be coated and thus releases electrons.
  • the released electrons reduce the metal ions on the surface 9 of the substrate 2 to metal atoms, which are deposited on the surface 9 as a metal layer, in the application of the invention as a nickel layer 5.
  • the redox reaction occurs very slowly because only a proportion of metal ions and reducing agent leads to an exchange of electrons. At higher concentrations of metal ions, the redox reaction occurs much faster.
  • the coating process can therefore also be controlled via the concentration.
  • Hypophosphite can be used to introduce phosphorus or to achieve a phosphorus content, for example in the range of 1-13%.
  • Nickel sulfate for example, can be used as an electrolyte.
  • pH value of the electrolyte 11 is monitored and regulated in order to ensure constant deposition conditions.
  • a pH measurement can be provided in the coating process 10.
  • an acid content of the electrolyte 11 can be set in order to specifically achieve and control the phosphorus content.
  • a central control device 14 which monitors and regulates the process parameters and can optionally operate dosing devices (not shown).
  • dosing devices not shown.
  • the Ni concentration of the electrolyte is regulated by means of additional dosing of Ni-poor or Ni-rich electrolytes.
  • the aforementioned evenly distributed pores can be introduced into the layer 5, which pores have a desired pore property by using a pore adjustment process. As also already mentioned, these can be used to produce a matte structure of the pressing tool.
  • the pores or the pore property can be obtained by prematurely ending the coating process 10, whereby the layer 5 is incompletely deposited and a pore size and distribution is established depending on the time of termination.
  • the pores or the pore property can be obtained by depleting the electrolyte 11 of nickel by controlling the nickel concentration of the electrolyte 11.
  • the surface 9 of the substrate 2 can be blasted before the coating process 10, for example by means of sandblasting.
  • the layer 5 is not deposited on the entire surface 9 of the substrate 2 by at least one area 12 the surface 9 is masked.
  • a coating or a paint finish can be applied in this area 12 before the coating process 10.
  • the pressing tool or the layer 5 can be subjected to a heat treatment.
  • the wear resistance and hardness of the layer 5 can be further increased by means of a heat treatment.
  • better adhesion properties of the layer 5 to the surface 9 can be achieved.
  • a heat treatment in the range of 150 to 250°C can be carried out, in a range of 1 to approx. 4 hours.
  • the heat treatment or tempering for hardening is preferably carried out in a range of over 250°C to 500°C, depending on the duration or treatment time, which can preferably be between 0.5 and 4 hours.
  • a Vickers hardness of over 800 to 1100 can be achieved.
  • An untreated nickel layer usually has a hardness of up to max. 500 HV.
  • the pores are subsequently treated by means of a heat treatment, since a thermal expansion of the material and a relaxation of the material in the area of the pores, in the direction of the pores, is used to influence the pore size.
  • the mineral particles 15 are preferably introduced in the coating process.
  • further layers 13 of the substrate 2 can be provided, which preferably consist of metal layers.
  • the additional layers 13 can also have mineral particles 15.
  • individual layers can be produced using different coating processes, whereby mineral particles 15 can optionally be introduced into the respective layers in the coating process.
  • the mineral particles of the additional layers 13 can also differ from those mineral particles 15 of the nickel layer.
  • the mineral particles 15 into the layer 5 it can be provided that they are applied to the surface 9 of the substrate 2 before the coating process, for example with an adhesive, and then the layer 5 is applied. In this way, a targeted introduction of the particles can be provided in certain areas of the layer 5, for example only in the elevations.
  • the layer preferably has a layer thickness selected for the particle size.
  • FIG. 6 shows a possible embodiment for producing a layer 5 according to the invention, the layer being a partial layer and thus having recesses 19.
  • the recesses 19 of the layer can be produced by means of masks 18, which are arranged on the surface 9 of the substrate 2 in order to partially mask them.
  • the masks 18 can preferably be arranged in the depressions 16 of the surface structure 3, so that the partial layer 5 is deposited on the elevations 17 of the surface structure 3.
  • the partial layer can in turn have mineral particles 15, as is also indicated.
  • the pressing surface is in contact with the workpiece and is therefore subject to wear.
  • This wear is particularly pronounced in the areas of the elevations, at least preferably in the area of certain elevations, which is why the mineral particles are preferably embedded in the partial layer.
  • This increases the wear resistance of the partial layer and thus the wear resistance of the pressing surface at least in the predetermined areas and thus preferably at least in the areas associated with the elevations or certain elevations of the pressing surface.
  • a nickel layer without mineral particles is applied, as indicated by the layer 5a, whereby a full-surface nickel layer is obtained which only partially has mineral particles 15. In the example shown, namely only in the area of the elevations.
  • the masks can be applied, for example, using a print head.
  • the pressing tool is a pressing sheet
  • the masks are preferably applied with such a print head, which is arranged above the pressing surface to be produced and which is moved in a plane parallel to the pressing surface during the application of the masks.
  • the print head is moved in a direction perpendicular to the surface, so that the distance between the currently applied mask and the print head is kept constant. Due to the constant distance, the currently applied mask can be applied better with the print head.
  • the masks can also be realized using the passivation mentioned above.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un outil de compression (1) conçu pour presser des plaques de matériau dans des presses chauffantes, ledit outil comprenant : un substrat (2) composé d'une plaque de pressage ou d'une bande sans fin, une structure superficielle (3) destinée à estamper une surface, un revêtement de surface (4), le revêtement de surface (4) étant formé au moyen d'une couche (5) de nickel ou d'un alliage de nickel et présentant une épaisseur de couche (6) uniforme. L'invention concerne également un procédé de traitement d'une surface d'un outil de compression.
PCT/EP2023/074656 2022-09-30 2023-09-07 Outil de compression comportant une couche de nickel WO2024068232A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022125373.2A DE102022125373A1 (de) 2022-09-30 2022-09-30 Presswerkzeug mit einer Nickelschicht
DE102022125373.2 2022-09-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024068232A1 true WO2024068232A1 (fr) 2024-04-04

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DE (1) DE102022125373A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024068232A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3532587A (en) * 1966-08-04 1970-10-06 Esso Research & Chem Co Press plate
US5024900A (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-06-18 Nkk Corporation Composite nickel-phosphorus alloy plated metal sheet excellent in strippability and having high hardness and method for manufacturing same
US5100739A (en) * 1990-04-26 1992-03-31 Nkk Corporation Separating sheet provided with a plurality of plating layers, excellent in strippability and having a high hardness
US6329077B1 (en) * 1999-01-21 2001-12-11 Bohler Bleche Gmbh Plate-shaped compression mold, process for producing the same and process for making laminate therewith
US20050255636A1 (en) * 2004-03-31 2005-11-17 Daewoong Suh Microtools for package substrate patterning
WO2008120058A1 (fr) 2007-04-02 2008-10-09 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Élément de presse et procédé de fabrication d'un stratifié
WO2009062488A2 (fr) 2007-11-16 2009-05-22 Hueck Engraving Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé d'usinage d'une surface structurée

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK2525984T3 (en) 2010-01-20 2016-06-27 Daetwyler Swisstec Ag Rakel
EP3527359A1 (fr) 2018-02-14 2019-08-21 AKK GmbH Procédé et dispositif de structuration d'une surface pour un outil de gaufrage
DE102018103423A1 (de) 2018-02-15 2019-08-22 Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh Kegelstück für Ventile von Verbrennungsmotoren mit Nickel-Phosphorbeschichtung
DE102019127660A1 (de) 2019-10-15 2021-04-15 Hueck Rheinische Gmbh Presswerkzeug und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Presswerkzeugs

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3532587A (en) * 1966-08-04 1970-10-06 Esso Research & Chem Co Press plate
US5024900A (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-06-18 Nkk Corporation Composite nickel-phosphorus alloy plated metal sheet excellent in strippability and having high hardness and method for manufacturing same
US5100739A (en) * 1990-04-26 1992-03-31 Nkk Corporation Separating sheet provided with a plurality of plating layers, excellent in strippability and having a high hardness
US6329077B1 (en) * 1999-01-21 2001-12-11 Bohler Bleche Gmbh Plate-shaped compression mold, process for producing the same and process for making laminate therewith
US20050255636A1 (en) * 2004-03-31 2005-11-17 Daewoong Suh Microtools for package substrate patterning
WO2008120058A1 (fr) 2007-04-02 2008-10-09 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Élément de presse et procédé de fabrication d'un stratifié
WO2009062488A2 (fr) 2007-11-16 2009-05-22 Hueck Engraving Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé d'usinage d'une surface structurée

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