WO2024065323A1 - 一种耳机 - Google Patents

一种耳机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024065323A1
WO2024065323A1 PCT/CN2022/122310 CN2022122310W WO2024065323A1 WO 2024065323 A1 WO2024065323 A1 WO 2024065323A1 CN 2022122310 W CN2022122310 W CN 2022122310W WO 2024065323 A1 WO2024065323 A1 WO 2024065323A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stopper
shell
earphone
speaker assembly
sound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/122310
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王真
汪娟
张磊
齐心
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2022/122310 priority Critical patent/WO2024065323A1/zh
Priority to CN202280087035.6A priority patent/CN118476244A/zh
Publication of WO2024065323A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024065323A1/zh
Priority to US18/764,208 priority patent/US20240365054A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H04R1/345—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1008—Earpieces of the supra-aural or circum-aural type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1016—Earpieces of the intra-aural type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1041—Mechanical or electronic switches, or control elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1058—Manufacture or assembly
    • H04R1/1075—Mountings of transducers in earphones or headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
    • H04R1/2876—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding
    • H04R1/288—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/13—Hearing devices using bone conduction transducers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of sound-generating instruments, and in particular to an earphone.
  • headphones As a common electronic device, headphones have been frequently used in our daily lives. As an electro-acoustic conversion device, headphones convert input audio electrical signals into mechanical vibrations, thereby producing various sounds.
  • earphones are divided into two categories: air conduction earphones and bone conduction earphones.
  • Air conduction earphones transmit vibrations to the eardrum through air
  • bone conduction earphones transmit vibrations to the eardrum through bones.
  • no matter which type of conduction method is used there is a problem of sound leakage.
  • the present application mainly provides an earphone to solve the problem of poor listening effect and large sound leakage of the earphone.
  • a headset comprising:
  • a shielding member comprising a first blocking member, wherein the first blocking member is connected to the speaker assembly;
  • the first stopper in the wearing state, at least partially extends in the direction from the speaker assembly to the ear canal.
  • a first dimension of the first stopper in a first direction is less than or equal to twice a second dimension of the speaker assembly in the first direction, the first direction is an extension direction of the first stopper toward the ear canal, and the first dimension is a dimension of a portion of the first stopper exposed from the speaker assembly.
  • the first stopper when worn, is at least partially projected into the user's concha cavity, wherein the projection direction is the same as the vibration direction.
  • the first stopper in the worn state, at least partially projects and covers the user's concha cavity.
  • the speaker assembly includes a sound outlet surface and a first side surface, a second side surface, and a third side surface adjacent to the sound outlet surface, the first side surface is adjacent to the second side surface and the third side surface, and the second side surface is opposite to the third side surface;
  • the sound emitting surface faces the head when the device is worn, and the first stopper is arranged on the first side surface;
  • the shielding member further includes a second blocking member, which is disposed on the second side surface and/or the third side surface.
  • the second blocking member is disposed on the other side of the speaker assembly and is adjacent to the first blocking member.
  • a third dimension of the second stopper in a second direction is less than or equal to the first dimension, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the speaker assembly includes a shell and a speaker, the shell is used to accommodate the speaker, and the first stopper is fixed to the shell; or the first stopper is movably disposed on the shell; or the first stopper is disposed on the speaker.
  • the earphone includes a driver, a sensor and a controller, the driver is connected to the first stopper, the driver and the sensor are electrically connected to the controller, the sensor is used to detect ambient noise, and the controller is used to adjust the extension length of the first stopper relative to the shell based on the size of the detected ambient noise.
  • the driving member is used to drive the first stopper to extend, rotate or fold.
  • the first stopper is slidably disposed on the housing, the driving member includes a screw rod and a nut, and the first stopper is also connected to the nut; or
  • the driving component includes a relay, an elastic component and a ferromagnetic component.
  • the first blocking component is connected to the ferromagnetic component, and the elastic component is arranged between the relay and the ferromagnetic component.
  • one end of the first stopper is hinged to the shell
  • the driving member includes a motor and a telescopic rod
  • one end of the telescopic rod is transmission-connected to the motor
  • the other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the first stopper
  • the motor is used to drive the telescopic rod to extend and retract to drive the first stopper to rotate.
  • the driving member includes a telescopic component
  • the first stopper is disposed on one side of the telescopic component and is folded or unfolded as the telescopic component is extended or retracted.
  • the earphone further includes a waterproof ring, which is disposed on the shell, and the first stopper or the telescopic rod is slidably matched with the waterproof ring.
  • the earphone further comprises a shell, the shell covers the speaker assembly, and the first stopper is disposed on the shell or the housing;
  • a flexible member is arranged between the outer shell and the housing.
  • a flexible member is disposed between the housing and the speaker.
  • the flexible member covers the speaker housing; or
  • the flexible member includes a plurality of flexible blocks, and the plurality of flexible blocks are arranged at intervals between the shell and the outer shell.
  • the first stopper is disposed on the shell and partially extends out of the outer shell, the speaker portion is located outside the outer shell, and a flexible ring is disposed at the connection between the first stopper and the outer shell.
  • the material of the shielding member is a loose porous structure or a loose plush structure.
  • the porosity of the loose porous structure is 10%-80%.
  • the beneficial effect of the present application is that, different from the prior art, the present application discloses an earphone.
  • the earphone comprises a speaker assembly and a shielding member, wherein the shielding member comprises a first shielding member, and the first shielding member is arranged on one side of the speaker assembly, and when the user wears the earphone, the first shielding member at least partially extends in the direction from the speaker assembly to the ear canal, and the shielding member vibrates with the bone conduction earphone body, so that the surrounding air can vibrate and transmit to the eardrum, which is equivalent to increasing air conduction and increasing the volume heard by the ear.
  • the sound waves of the speaker assembly vibration can be more reflected to the ear canal through the shielding member, so that the sound of the earphone heard by the user can be increased, and the shielding member can also block the external noise from being transmitted to the ear canal, so that the user can finally hear the content clearly by using a smaller earphone volume when wearing the earphone, and using a smaller earphone volume also reduces the sound leakage volume, thereby improving the user's listening effect.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an earphone provided by the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the earphone in the wearing state as shown in FIG1;
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a speaker assembly and a shielding member in the earphone shown in FIG2 ;
  • FIG4 is a bottom view of the structure of an embodiment of the earphone provided by the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the speaker assembly and the shielding member in the earphone shown in FIG3 ;
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of the sound pressure in the ear canal when the earphone shown in FIG2 has no baffle and has a baffle;
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the size of the earphone shielding member shown in FIG2 and the external sound received;
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the sound received by the earphone and the first size and the third size of the shielding member as shown in FIG2 ;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment in which a housing and a shielding member of a speaker assembly are movably connected;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a housing and a shielding member of a speaker assembly being movably connected;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the active connection between the speaker assembly and the shielding member
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the active connection between the speaker assembly and the shielding member
  • FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the connection between the speaker assembly and the shielding member in the earphone shown in FIG3 ;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the connection between the speaker assembly and the shielding member in the earphone shown in FIG3 ;
  • FIG15 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the connection between the housing and the shielding member in the earphone as shown in FIG3 ;
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the connection between the housing and the shielding member in the earphone shown in FIG. 3 .
  • first”, “second”, and “third” in the embodiments of the present application are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features.
  • the features defined as “first”, “second”, and “third” can expressly or implicitly include at least one of the features.
  • the meaning of “multiple” is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
  • the terms “including” and “having” and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
  • a process, method, system, product, or device comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally also includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally also includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of an earphone provided in some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the earphone in the wearing state as shown in Figure 1 and the ear.
  • the earphone 100 is a back-hanging earphone.
  • the earphone 100 includes a speaker assembly 10, a functional assembly 20, an ear hook 30 and a back hook 40.
  • the speaker assembly 10 is used to be close to the human head and transmit sound, and is electrically connected to the speaker assembly 10.
  • the ear hook 30 is rigidly connected between the speaker assembly 10 and the functional assembly 20.
  • the number of the speaker assembly 10, the functional assembly 20 and the ear hook 30 can be two, which are respectively worn on the left and right sides of the human head.
  • the earphone 100 can be various types of earphones such as a headset or an ear-hook earphone, and there may be no back hook 40 or ear hook 30.
  • the functional assembly 20 can be integrated with the speaker assembly 10, that is, the functional assembly 20 and the speaker assembly 10 are non-independent structures and can be integrated together.
  • the speaker assembly 10 is the sound-generating assembly of the earphone 100, which can convert the input audio electrical signal into mechanical vibration, and transmit the vibration to the user's eardrum through the head bones, so that the user can hear the sound of the earphone 100.
  • the sound transmission method of the speaker assembly 10 in this embodiment is bone conduction. It can be understood that in other embodiments of the present application, the sound transmission method of the speaker assembly 10 can also be air conduction or a combination of bone conduction and air conduction.
  • the functional component 20 may include a battery housing, a circuit board and/or a battery.
  • the battery housing is used to accommodate the circuit board and/or the battery.
  • One end of the ear hook 30 is connected to the battery housing, and the other end of the ear hook 30 is connected to the speaker component 10.
  • the ear hook 30 When the earphone 100 is worn, the ear hook 30 is hung above the auricle 200, and the rear hook 40 is connected between the two groups of functional components 20 or between the two ear hooks 30.
  • the ear hook 30 may be in an inverted "U" shape. In some other embodiments, the ear hook 30 may also be in other shapes, which are not specifically limited here.
  • the speaker component 10 and the functional component 20 exist independently, and the speaker component 10 is located in front of the auricle 200 .
  • the speaker assembly 10 may be located on the auricle or behind the auricle, in contact with the auricle 200 or the user's head.
  • the present application does not specifically limit the wearing position of the speaker assembly 10 when the earphone 100 is worn.
  • the earphone 100 includes a shielding member 50, which is disposed on the speaker assembly 10.
  • the shielding member 50 includes a first shielding member 52, which is connected to the speaker assembly 10.
  • the first shielding member 52 extends from the speaker assembly 10 to the ear canal 300.
  • the direction from the speaker assembly 10 to the ear canal 300 is the positive direction of the A axis, that is, in this embodiment, the first shielding member 52 is a structure extending from the speaker assembly 10 along the positive direction of the A axis.
  • the speaker assembly 10 includes a housing 12 and a speaker.
  • the speaker is the sound-emitting body of the speaker assembly, and the housing 12 is used to accommodate the speaker.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the speaker assembly and the shielding member in the earphone shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the shell 12 is provided with a sound outlet surface 121, and a first side surface 122, a second side surface 123 and a third side surface 124 adjacent to the sound outlet surface 121.
  • the shielding member 50 can be connected to the first side surface 122, the second side surface 123 and the third side surface 124.
  • the first shielding member 52 is connected to the first side surface 122.
  • the first stopper 52 can also be connected to the sound outlet surface 121 or the top surface 125 of the speaker assembly 10.
  • the sound outlet surface 121 faces the head and is the side of the speaker assembly 10 close to the user, and the top surface 125 is the side of the speaker assembly 10 away from the user.
  • the vibration between the first stopper 52 and the speaker assembly 10 can be kept consistent, thereby achieving a better effect of increasing the volume and improving the sound quality.
  • the shielding member 50 is connected to the speaker assembly 10 and extends from the speaker assembly 10 to the ear canal 300.
  • the sound waves generated by the vibration of the speaker assembly 10 can be reflected more to the ear canal 300 through the shielding member 50, thereby increasing the sound of the earphone 100 heard by the user.
  • the speaker assembly 10 vibrates, it can also drive the shielding member 50 to vibrate.
  • the vibration of the shielding member 50 can drive the surrounding air to vibrate to generate air-conducted sound, and transmit it to the ear canal 300 of the user, thereby enhancing the volume heard by the user.
  • the shielding member 50 can also generate air-conducted sound, so that the user can hear a louder volume than a simple bone conduction vibration earphone.
  • the vibration intensity of the speaker assembly 10 of the earphone 100 of the present application can have a lower vibration intensity than a simple bone conduction vibration earphone to obtain the desired volume, thereby reducing the sound leakage generated by the speaker assembly 10.
  • the shielding member 50 in some embodiments of the present application can also block part of the ear canal 300 to isolate external noise, thereby reducing the impact of external noise on the listening effect, increasing the volume heard by the earphone 100, and reducing sound leakage of the earphone 100.
  • the shielding member 50 may be made of the same material as the housing 12 of the speaker assembly 10, and may be integrally formed with the housing 12 of the speaker assembly 10. It is understandable that the shielding member 50 may also be made of other materials, and may be fixedly connected to the speaker assembly 10 by various fixed connection methods such as snap connection, welding, and screw connection.
  • the shielding member 50 may be made of a wind noise proof material.
  • the wind noise proof material is mainly a loose porous structure, such as foam or porous silica gel, etc., and generally has a porosity of 10%-80%. This loose porous structure can reduce the air speed near the surface of the wind noise proof material, thereby reducing wind noise and preventing excessive wind noise from affecting the user's listening.
  • the wind noise proof material may also be a loose plush structure, which can also reduce the air speed near the surface of the wind noise proof material and reduce wind noise.
  • the first side surface 122 faces the direction of the ear canal 300, and the first stopper 52 is connected to the first side surface 122.
  • the first stopper 52 is designed to be a square plate.
  • the flat plate design enables the first stopper 52 to achieve a shielding effect while also ensuring the lightweight of the speaker assembly 10, avoiding the increase in weight of the speaker assembly 10 due to excessive volume, which causes discomfort to the user.
  • the first stopper 52 can also be an arc plate or a curved plate.
  • the cross-section of the speaker assembly 10 along the sound vibration direction may also be circular, elliptical, or a racetrack shape or other shapes, which are not specifically limited in the present application.
  • the first stopper 52 extends in the direction from the speaker assembly 10 to the ear canal 300.
  • the first stopper 52 follows the vibration of the speaker assembly 10, it drives the surrounding air to vibrate and generate air-conducted sound.
  • the air-conducted sound can be more transmitted to the user's concha cavity, so that the user can hear a louder volume.
  • the vibration intensity of the speaker assembly 10 of the earphone 100 of the present application can have a lower vibration intensity to obtain the required volume, thereby reducing the sound leakage generated by the speaker assembly 10.
  • the first stopper 52 extends in the direction from the speaker assembly 10 to the ear canal 300 to partially block the ear canal 300 to isolate external noise, thereby reducing the influence of external noise on the listening effect, which can increase the volume heard by the earphone 100 and reduce the sound leakage of the earphone 100.
  • the thickness of the first stopper 52 may be uniform, that is, the thickness of each position of the first stopper 52 is the same.
  • FIG. 4 is a bottom view structural diagram of an embodiment of the earphone provided by the present application.
  • the thickness of different positions of the first stopper 52 may vary.
  • the thickness of the first stopper 52 gradually decreases from the direction close to the speaker assembly 10 to the direction away from the speaker assembly 10, and the connection position between the first stopper 52 and the housing 12 is smoothly connected to avoid stress concentration at the connection position.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the speaker assembly and the shielding member in the earphone shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the first dimension a of the first stopper 52 in the first direction A is less than or equal to twice the second dimension b of the speaker assembly 10 in the first direction A.
  • the first direction A is the extension direction of the speaker assembly 10 to the ear canal 300, and the first dimension a is the distance between the end of the first stopper 52 away from the speaker assembly 10 and the first side surface.
  • the first dimension a is equal to 0.5 times the second dimension b; the first dimension a is equal to the second dimension b; or the first dimension a is equal to 1.5 times the second dimension b; or the first dimension a is equal to 2 times the second dimension b, which is not specifically limited in the present application.
  • the sound waves generated by the vibration of the speaker assembly 10 can be reflected more to the ear canal 300 through the shielding member 50, thereby increasing the volume of the earphone 100 heard by the user; and it can ensure that the first shielding member 52 does not extend too long to the user's ear, and can reasonably control the weight of the first shielding member 52, thereby preventing the first shielding member 52 from being too long or too heavy, causing discomfort to the user.
  • the first shielding member 52 can vibrate with the speaker assembly 10, driving the surrounding air to vibrate and generate air-conducted sound that is transmitted to the user's ear canal 300, so that the user can hear a louder volume than a simple bone-conducting vibration earphone, thereby reducing sound leakage of the earphone 100.
  • the projection of the first stopper 52 on the ear of the user is at least partially located in the concha cavity, so that the air-conducted sound generated by the vibration of the cover 50 can enter the ear canal 300 to be heard by the ear, and the sound waves of the vibration of the speaker assembly 10 can be reflected to the ear canal 300 through the cover 50, thereby increasing the volume of the earphone 100 heard by the user.
  • the first stopper 52 covers the concha cavity of the user.
  • such a setting can ensure that the first stopper 52 covers a larger area of the concha cavity, so that the air-conducted sound generated by the vibration of the cover 50 can enter the ear canal 300 to the greatest extent, thereby increasing the volume of the earphone 100 heard by the user.
  • the shielding member 50 further includes a second blocker 54, which is connected to the second side surface 123 and/or the third side surface 124, and the third dimension c of the second blocker 54 in the second direction B is less than or equal to the first dimension a, and the second direction B is perpendicular to the first direction A.
  • the second stopper 54 is a flat plate and has two pieces, which are respectively arranged on the second side surface 123 and the third side surface 124.
  • the first stopper 52 and the second stopper 54 are spliced together to form a square flat plate that blocks the ear canal 300, which can increase the blocking area of the ear canal 300 by the blocking member 50.
  • the first stopper 52 and the second stopper 54 can be flat plates of various shapes such as square and arc, or the first stopper 52 and the second stopper 54 can also be arc plates or curved plates.
  • the present application does not specifically limit the shapes of the first stopper 52 and the second stopper 54.
  • the first stopper 52 and the second stopper 54 can be independent structures, or the first stopper 52 and the second stopper 54 can be an integrally formed structure.
  • the thickness of the second stopper 54 at different positions may vary.
  • the thickness of the second stopper 54 may gradually decrease from close to the speaker assembly 10 to away from the speaker assembly 10, and the connection position between the second stopper 54 and the shell 12 of the speaker assembly 10 is smoothly connected to avoid stress concentration at the connection position between the second stopper 54 and the shell 12 of the speaker assembly 10.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram comparing the sound pressure in the ear canal in two states: with and without a baffle as shown in Figure 2
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the size of the earphone baffle as shown in Figure 2 and the external sound heard
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the sound heard by the earphone as shown in Figure 2 and the first and third sizes of the baffle.
  • the sound pressure in the ear canal is significantly weaker.
  • the sound pressure in the ear canal 300 is significantly stronger. This shows that the shielding member 50 has a significant effect on increasing the volume of the earphone 100 .
  • the volume heard from the earphone 100 gradually increases.
  • the increase in the third dimension c of the second stopper 54 has little effect on the volume heard from the earphone 100, wherein the third dimension c is the distance between the end of the second stopper 54 connected to the second side 123 away from the speaker assembly 10 and the second side 123, or the distance between the end of the second stopper 54 connected to the third side 124 away from the speaker assembly 10 and the third side 124; when the first dimension a is large, the increase in the first dimension a has little effect on the volume heard from the earphone 100.
  • the first stopper 52 plays a leading role in shielding external noise, and the more area of the ear canal shielded by the first stopper 52, the better the effect, but when the area of the ear canal 300 shielded by the first stopper 52 reaches a certain value, the gain effect of increasing the first dimension a is weakened.
  • first stopper 52 and the second stopper 54 are both flat plates and the first stopper 52 is relatively perpendicular to the first side surface 122, and the second stopper 54 is perpendicular to the second side surface 123 and the third side surface 124, so that a stronger sound insulation effect can be achieved with a smaller material volume.
  • the first stopper 52 may also be inclined relative to the first side surface 122
  • the second stopper 54 may also be inclined relative to the second side surface 123 and/or the third side surface 124.
  • the angle between the first stopper 52 and the sound output surface 121 or the top surface 125, and the angle between the second stopper 54 and the sound output surface 121 or the top surface 125 may be ⁇ 60°, ⁇ 45° or ⁇ 30°, so as to avoid the shielding member 50 from abutting against the auricle 200 when wearing the earphone 100 and causing wearing discomfort.
  • the present application does not specifically limit the angle range.
  • the shielding member 50 can be fixedly connected to the housing 12 or movably connected to the housing 12.
  • the shielding member 50 can be retracted, rotated or folded relative to the housing 12 to change the area of the shielding member 50 exposed to the external environment, so as to adapt to different usage scenarios. For example, when the external noise is large, the area of the shielding member 50 exposed to the external environment can be increased to increase the volume heard by the user; when the external noise is small, or when you want to hear the external sound more clearly, you can reduce the area of the shielding member 50 exposed to the external environment.
  • the headset 100 further includes a driver 14, a sensor, and a controller.
  • the driver 14 and the sensor are electrically connected to the controller.
  • the sensor is a sound sensor for detecting environmental noise and transmitting an electrical signal to the controller.
  • the controller is a PCB board or a circuit board containing a control circuit for adjusting the extension length of the first stopper 52 or the second stopper 54 relative to the housing 110 based on the size of the detected environmental noise.
  • the driver 14 is connected to the first stopper 52 or the second stopper 54, and is used to drive the first stopper 52 or the second stopper 54 to achieve telescoping, rotation, or folding to change the extension length.
  • the driver 14 can be controlled to drive the first stopper 52 or the second stopper 54 to extend a longer length.
  • the driver 14 can be controlled to drive the first stopper 52 or the second stopper 54 to extend a shorter length.
  • the driver 14 driving the first stopper 52 to extend or retract to the housing 12 is used as an example for description.
  • the earphone 100 may not include the sensor and the controller, and the user may manually adjust the shielding member 50 according to the signals perceived by the user, so that the shielding member 50 is adjusted to a suitable length extending out of the shell 12.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment in which a housing and a shielding member of a speaker assembly are movably connected.
  • the driving member 14 includes a screw rod 140 and a nut 141.
  • the nut 141 is inserted into the screw rod 140.
  • the screw rod 140 has threads, and the pattern on the inner side of the nut 141 matches the threads.
  • the first stopper 52 is connected to the nut 141.
  • the first stopper 52 is partially located in the housing 12, and the screw rod 140 and the nut 141 are both disposed in the housing 12.
  • the nut 141 is connected to the end of the first stopper 52, and the screw rod 140 is parallel to the first stopper 52.
  • the nut 141 moves on the screw rod 140, it can drive the first stopper 52 to extend and retract in and out of the housing 12 in a direction parallel to the screw rod 140, so that the extension length of the first stopper 52 relative to the housing 12 can be adjusted, thereby changing the area of the first stopper 52 blocking the ear canal 300 according to the use environment.
  • the screw rod 140 may also be tilted relative to the first stopper 52 , and the angle formed by the screw rod 140 and the first stopper 52 may be 15°, 30° or 45°, which is not specifically limited in the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment in which the housing and the shielding member of the speaker assembly are movably connected.
  • the driving member 14 includes a relay 142, an elastic member 143 and a ferromagnetic member 144.
  • the relay 142, the elastic member 143 and the ferromagnetic member 144 are arranged in a line.
  • the elastic member 143 is arranged between the relay 142 and the ferromagnetic member 144, and the elastic member 143 is connected to the ferromagnetic member 144.
  • the electromagnetic effect will change its own magnetism to attract or repel the ferromagnetic member 144, and thus, the ferromagnetic member 144 moves under the attraction or repulsion force of the relay 142.
  • the first stopper 52 is connected to the ferromagnetic member 144, and the movement of the ferromagnetic member 144 will drive the first stopper 52 to move, thereby changing the area of the portion of the first stopper 52 exposed to the external environment.
  • the first stopper 52 is partially located in the shell 12, and the relay 142, the elastic member 143 and the ferromagnetic member 144 are also arranged in the shell 12.
  • One end of the elastic member 143 is connected to the ferromagnetic member 144, and the other end is fixed to the shell 12.
  • One end of the first stopper 52 is connected to the ferromagnetic member 144.
  • the ferromagnetic member 144 drives the first stopper 52 to extend and retract in and out of the shell 12 in the same direction, so that the extension length of the first stopper 52 relative to the shell 12 can be adjusted, thereby changing the area of the first stopper 52 exposed to the external environment according to the use environment.
  • the driving member 14 is used to drive the first stopper 52 to rotate relative to the housing 12 to change the extension length of the first stopper 53 relative to the housing 12 toward the auricle 200 .
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment in which the housing and the shielding member of the speaker assembly are movably connected.
  • the driving member 14 may include a motor 145 and a telescopic rod 146.
  • the first stopper 52 is connected to the telescopic rod 146.
  • One end of the telescopic rod 146 is transmission-connected to the motor 145.
  • the motor 145 can drive the telescopic rod 146 to extend and retract to drive the first stopper 52 to rotate.
  • the first stopper 52 is entirely located outside the shell 12, and one end of it is hinged to the shell 12.
  • One end of the telescopic rod 146 is connected to the motor 145, and the other end is hinged to one side of the first stopper 52.
  • the telescopic rod 146 is telescoped and extended under the transmission action of the motor 145 to change its own length, driving the first stopper 52 to rotate around the hinge point to change the extension length of the first stopper 53 relative to the shell 12 toward the auricle 200 side.
  • the driving member 14 is used to drive the first stopper 52 to fold or stretch, so as to change the extension length of the first stopper 53 relative to the housing 12 toward the auricle 200 .
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment in which the housing and the shielding member of the speaker assembly are movably connected.
  • the driving member 14 includes a telescopic component 147 .
  • the telescopic component 147 can be folded or unfolded, thereby telescoping to change its own area.
  • the first stopper 52 is disposed on one side of the telescopic component 147 .
  • the first stopper 52 is partially located inside the shell 12, and the telescopic component 147 is a mesh telescopic rod that covers one side of the first stopper 52.
  • the telescopic component 147 can be folded or unfolded by changing the distance between the telescopic rods, thereby driving the area of the first stopper 52 to change with the folding or unfolding of the telescopic component 147, thereby adjusting the extension length of the first stopper 52 relative to the shell 12, thereby changing the area of the first stopper 52 exposed to the external environment according to the use environment.
  • the first stopper 52 can be a porous film or other materials that are easy to fold and difficult to deform.
  • the earphone 100 further includes a waterproof ring 60, which is disposed on the speaker assembly 10. The waterproof ring 60 can prevent sweat or other liquids, or impurities such as dust from entering the housing 12 to corrode internal components, thereby effectively extending the service life of the product.
  • the waterproof ring 60 is arranged on the speaker assembly 10 and is mounted on the first stopper 52.
  • the first stopper 52 and the waterproof ring 60 slide together, thereby allowing the first stopper 52 to telescopically move relative to the speaker assembly 10, while preventing sweat or other liquids, or impurities such as dust from entering the shell 12.
  • the waterproof ring 60 is disposed on the speaker assembly 10 and sleeved on the telescopic rod 146.
  • the telescopic rod 146 telescopes relative to the speaker assembly 10
  • the telescopic rod 146 slides with the waterproof ring 60, thereby allowing the telescopic rod 146 to telescope relative to the speaker assembly 10, while preventing sweat or other liquids, or impurities such as dust from entering the housing 12.
  • the earphone 100 may further include a housing 110, which may be used to accommodate the speaker assembly 10.
  • the earphone 100 also includes a flexible member 90, which is made of a flexible material such as rubber or silicone.
  • the flexible member 90 is arranged between the housing 110 and the shell 12 to achieve support between the housing 110 and the shell 12, and to provide a buffer for the relative vibration between the housing 110 and the shell 12, so as to minimize or avoid transmitting the vibration of the bone conduction speaker 70 to the housing 110, so that the housing 110 reduces or avoids causing the vibration of the surrounding air to cause sound leakage.
  • the sound leakage caused by the vibration of the speaker assembly 10 causing the vibration of the surrounding air will be blocked by the housing 110, thereby further reducing the sound leakage generated by the earphone 100.
  • the sound leakage caused by the vibration of the speaker assembly 10 causing the vibration of the surrounding air will be reflected by the housing 110 into the user's ear canal, thereby increasing the sound heard by the user.
  • the flexible member 90 is covered on the shell 12; or the flexible member 90 includes a plurality of flexible blocks 92, and the plurality of flexible blocks 92 are dispersedly arranged between the shell 110 and the shell 12.
  • the flexible member 90 can avoid transmitting the vibration of the bone conduction speaker 70 to the shell 110, so that the shell 110 will not cause the surrounding air to vibrate and cause sound leakage.
  • the flexible member 90 may be a sound-absorbing material, so that the sound leakage generated by the vibration of the speaker assembly 10 is absorbed by the flexible member 90, thereby further reducing the sound leakage generated by the earphone 100.
  • the earphone 100 may further include a filling layer, which is filled in the gap between the shell 110 and the housing 12.
  • the filling layer may be a sound-absorbing material, so that the sound leakage generated by the vibration of the speaker assembly 10 is absorbed by the filling layer, thereby further reducing the sound leakage generated by the earphone 100.
  • the sound absorbing material may be a sound absorbing sponge or sound absorbing particles.
  • the first stopper 52 is connected to the speaker assembly 10, and the sound outlet surface 121 is located outside the housing 110 to prevent the housing 110 from absorbing the vibration of the speaker assembly 10 and enhance the vibration transmitted from the speaker assembly 10 to the user.
  • the flexible member 90 is disposed between the housing 110 and the shell 12 and covers the speaker assembly 10. A perforation is reserved on the flexible member 90 for the first stopper 52 to extend out of the housing 110.
  • the flexible member 90 may be a flexible material or a sound absorbing material.
  • the first stopper 52 is connected to the speaker assembly 10
  • the sound outlet surface 121 is located outside the housing 110
  • the flexible blocks 92 are connected to the top surface 125 and some side surfaces of the speaker assembly 10 at intervals and dispersedly, and connect the housing 110 and the shell 12, and the flexible blocks 92 are made of flexible material.
  • the gap between the housing 110 and the shell 12 can be filled with sound-absorbing material.
  • the housing 110 and the shell 12 are supported by the flexible blocks 92, and the relative vibration between the housing 110 and the shell 12 is buffered.
  • the housing 110 shields the sound leakage caused by the vibration of the speaker assembly 10.
  • the sound-absorbing material can further absorb the sound leakage caused by the vibration of the speaker assembly 10.
  • the shielding member 50 may be connected to the outer shell 110 ; or, the shielding member 50 may be connected to the housing 12 and pass through the outer shell 110 .
  • the first stopper 52 can be connected to the housing 12 or the outer shell 110, and can move relative to the housing 12 or the outer shell 110 to change the area of the first stopper 52 exposed to the external environment.
  • the waterproof ring 60 is also correspondingly arranged on the housing 12 or the outer shell 110, and slidably cooperates with the first stopper 52 to allow the first stopper 52 to move relative to the housing 12 or the outer shell 110, and prevent sweat or other liquids, or impurities such as dust from entering the housing 12 or the outer shell 110.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the connection between the speaker assembly and the shielding member in the earphone as shown in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the connection between the speaker assembly and the shielding member in the earphone as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the first stopper 52 is connected to the speaker assembly 10, and is partially located in the housing 110 and partially extends to the outside.
  • the first stopper 52 is disposed on the speaker assembly 10 and can directly vibrate with the speaker assembly 10 to transmit the audio to the ear canal 300, thereby achieving the effect of the speaker assembly 10 driving the first stopper 52 to transmit sound.
  • the sound emitting surface 121 can extend out of the shell 110 to facilitate the sound emitting surface 121 of the speaker assembly 10 to directly contact the user's skin.
  • the vibration of the speaker assembly 10 can be directly transmitted to the user's head bones through the sound emitting surface 121, thereby preventing the shell 110 from hindering the sound emitting surface 121 from directly contacting the user's skin when the speaker assembly 10 vibrates.
  • the earphone 100 may further include a flexible ring 80, which is made of a flexible material and is disposed at the connection between the first stopper 52 and the housing 110.
  • the housing 110 is provided with an opening, and the first stopper 52 extends out of the housing 110 through the opening.
  • the flexible ring 80 is disposed in the opening, and the flexible ring 80 is sleeved on the first stopper 52.
  • the flexible ring 80 provides a buffer between the first stopper 52 and the housing 110, reduces the vibration transmission between the first stopper 52 and the housing 110, prevents the vibration transmitted by the speaker assembly 10 from being dispersed to the housing 110, and ensures that the vibration of the first stopper 52 is transmitted to the ear canal 300 of the user more; the flexible ring 80 can also play a waterproof and dustproof effect, preventing liquid or dust from entering the interior of the earphone 100.
  • the shielding member 50 is fixedly connected to the housing 110 , and the position of the shielding member 50 relative to the housing 110 is fixed and cannot be moved.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the connection between the housing and the shielding member in the earphone as shown in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the connection between the housing and the shielding member in the earphone as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the first stopper 52 is directly connected to the housing 110.
  • the flexible member 90 is disposed between the housing 110 and the speaker assembly 10 and covers the speaker assembly 10.
  • the flexible member 90 is made of a flexible material or a sound-absorbing material.
  • the first stopper 52 is directly connected to the housing 110 , and the flexible block 92 is connected to each surface of the speaker 70 wrapped by the housing 110 , and the flexible block 92 is made of a flexible material.
  • the flexible material can vibrate together with the speaker assembly 10; when the speaker assembly 10 produces high-frequency sound, the flexible material and the speaker assembly 10 vibrate relative to each other. Therefore, when producing low-frequency sound, the flexible member 90 or the flexible block 92 can drive the housing 110 and the speaker assembly 10 to vibrate together; when producing high-frequency sound, the flexible member 90 or the flexible block 92 cannot drive the housing 110 and the speaker assembly 10 to vibrate together, which enables the first stopper 52 to vibrate at the same frequency as the speaker assembly 10 to produce sound during low-frequency sound, further supplementing the low-frequency response.
  • the first baffle By setting the first baffle on one side of the speaker assembly, and when the user wears the earphones, the first baffle at least partially extends in the direction from the speaker assembly to the ear canal, so that the shielding member can block part of the ear canal, and the baffle vibrates with the bone conduction earphone body, which can cause the surrounding air to vibrate and thus be transmitted to the eardrum, which is equivalent to increasing air conduction and increasing the volume heard by the ear.
  • the sound waves of the vibrating speaker assembly can be more reflected to the ear canal through the shielding member, thereby increasing the sound of the earphones heard by the user.
  • the shielding member can also block the external noise from being transmitted to the ear canal, ultimately allowing the user to use a smaller headphone volume when wearing the earphones to hear the content clearly, and using a smaller headphone volume also reduces the sound leakage volume, thereby improving the user's listening effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Headphones And Earphones (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种耳机。该耳机包括扬声组件和遮挡件，遮挡件包括第一挡件，第一挡件设置于扬声组件的一侧，其中，在佩戴状态下，第一挡件至少部分向所述扬声组件至耳道的方向延伸。通过上述方式，本申请提供的耳机可以增加用户耳朵听到的音量，从而用户使用更小的耳机音量便能听清内容，也减少了漏音，改善了用户的收听效果。

Description

一种耳机 【技术领域】
本申请涉及发声器械技术领域，特别是涉及一种耳机。
【背景技术】
一种常见的电子设备，耳机已经在热门的日常生活中被频繁使用，作为一种电声转换设备，耳机是将输入的音频电信号转化成了机械振动，从而产生了各种声音。
现有技术中，耳机分为气传导耳机和骨传导耳机两大类，气传导耳机是通过空气将振动传导至耳膜，骨传导耳机是通过骨骼将振动传导至耳膜，但是，不管是哪一类传导方式，都存在漏音的问题。
而且由于外界噪音会进入耳道，使用户在收听时需要使用更大的耳机音量，从而使得漏音音量也随之增加。
【发明内容】
本申请主要提供一种耳机，以解决耳机的听音效果不好且漏音大的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的一个技术方案是：
提供一种耳机，包括：
扬声组件；
遮挡件，包括第一挡件，所述第一挡件与所述扬声组件连接；
其中，在佩戴状态下，所述第一挡件至少部分向所述扬声组件至耳道的方向延伸。
在一些实施例中，所述第一挡件在第一方向的第一尺寸小于等于所述扬声组件在所述第一方向上的第二尺寸的两倍，所述第一方向为所述第一挡件向耳道延伸的延伸方向，所述第一尺寸为所述第一挡件外露于所述扬声组件的部分的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，在佩戴状态下，所述第一挡件至少部分投影在用户的耳 甲腔内，其中，投影方向和振动方向相同。
在一些实施例中，在佩戴状态下，所述第一挡件至少部分投影覆盖用户的耳甲腔。
在一些实施例中，所述扬声组件包括出音面以及与出音面相邻的第一侧面、第二侧面和第三侧面，所述第一侧面与所述第二侧面和所述第三侧面相邻，所述第二侧面和所述第三侧面相对；
其中，所述出音面在佩戴状态下朝向头部，所述第一挡件设置于所述第一侧面上；
所述遮挡件还包括第二挡件，所述第二挡件设置于所述第二侧面和/或第三侧面。所述第二挡件设置于所述扬声组件的另一侧且与所述第一挡件相邻。
在一些实施例中，所述第二挡件在第二方向的第三尺寸小于等于所述第一尺寸，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
在一些实施例中，所述扬声组件包括壳体和扬声器，所述壳体用于收容所述扬声器，所述第一挡件固定于所述壳体上；或所述第一挡件可移动地设置于所述壳体上；或所述第一挡件设置在所述扬声器上。
在一些实施例中，所述耳机包括驱动件、传感器和控制器，所述驱动件连接所述第一挡件，所述驱动件和所述传感器均与所述控制器电连接，所述传感器用于检测环境噪音，所述控制器用于基于所检测到的环境噪音的大小调整所述第一挡件相对所述壳体的伸出长度。
在一些实施例中，所述驱动件用于驱动所述第一挡件伸缩、旋转或折叠。
在一些实施例中，所述第一挡件滑动设置于所述壳体上，所述驱动件包括丝杆和螺母，且所述第一挡件还连接所述螺母；或
所述驱动件包括继电器、弹性件和铁磁件，所述第一挡件连接所述铁磁件，所述弹性件设置于所述继电器和所述铁磁件之间。
在一些实施例中，所述第一挡件的一端铰接于所述壳体上，所述驱动件包括电机和伸缩杆，所述伸缩杆的一端与所述电机传动连接，所述伸缩杆的另一 端铰接所述第一挡件，所述电机用于驱动所述伸缩杆伸缩，以驱动所述第一挡件旋转。
在一些实施例中，所述驱动件包括伸缩组件，所述第一挡件设置于所述伸缩组件的一侧，并随所述伸缩组件的伸缩而折叠或展开。
在一些实施例中，所述耳机还包括防水圈，所述防水圈设置于所述壳体上，所述第一挡件或所述伸缩杆与所述防水圈滑动配合。
在一些实施例中，所述耳机还包括外壳，所述外壳罩设所述扬声组件，所述第一挡件设置于所述外壳或所述壳体上；
其中，所述外壳和所述壳体之间设置有柔性件。
在一些实施例中，所述外壳和所述扬声器之间设置有柔性件。
在一些实施例中，所述柔性件罩设所述扬声器壳体；或
所述柔性件包括多个柔性块，所述多个柔性块间隔地设置于所述壳体和所述外壳之间。
在一些实施例中，所述第一挡件设置于所述壳体上且部分延伸出所述外壳，所述扬声器部分位于所述外壳外，所述第一挡件与所述外壳的连接处设置有柔性环。
在一些实施例中，所述遮挡件的材质为疏松多孔结构或疏松毛绒结构。
在一些实施例中，所述疏松多孔结构的空隙率为10％-80％。
本申请的有益效果是：区别于现有技术的情况，本申请公开了一种耳机。该耳机包括扬声组件和遮挡件，遮挡件包括第一挡件，通过将第一挡件设置在扬声组件的一侧，且在用户使用佩戴时，第一挡件至少部分向扬声组件至耳道的方向延伸，挡板随骨导耳机本体进行振动，能够使周边的空气产生振动从而传导至耳膜，相当于增加气传导，增加耳朵听到的音量，同时，扬声组件振动的声波可以经遮挡件更多的反射至耳道，从而能够增加用户听到的耳机的声音，遮挡件也能遮挡外界噪音传导至耳道，最终使得用户在佩戴耳机时可以使用更小的耳机音量便能听清内容，使用较小的耳机音量从而也减少了漏音音量，从 而改善了用户的收听效果。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图，其中：
图1是本申请提供的耳机的一实施例结构示意图；
图2是如图1所示耳机佩戴状态下与耳朵的正视结构示意图；
图3是如图2所示耳机中扬声组件和遮挡件的结构示意图；
图4是本申请提供的耳机的一实施例的仰视结构示意图；
图5是如图3所示耳机中扬声组件和遮挡件的平面结构示意图；
图6是如图2所示耳机没有挡板和有挡板两种状态下在耳道中的声压的对比示意图；
图7是如图2所示耳机遮挡件的尺寸与收听到的外界声音的关系示意图；
图8是如图2所示耳机被收听到的声音与遮挡件第一尺寸和第三尺寸的关系示意图；
图9是扬声组件的壳体和遮挡件活动连接的第一实施例的结构示意图；
图10是扬声组件的壳体和遮挡件活动连接的第二实施例的结构示意图；
图11是扬声组件和遮挡件活动连接的第三实施例的结构示意图；
图12是扬声组件和遮挡件活动连接的第四实施例的结构示意图；
图13是如图3所示耳机中扬声组件和遮挡件连接的第一实施例的结构示意图；
图14是如图3所示耳机中扬声组件和遮挡件连接的第二实施例的结构示意图；
图15是如图3所示耳机中外壳和遮挡件连接的第一实施例的结构示意图；
图16是如图3所示耳机中外壳和遮挡件连接的第二实施例的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施例中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”、“第三”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其他步骤或单元。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其他实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其他实施例相结合。
本申请提供一种耳机100，结合参阅图1至图2，图1是本申请一些实施方式中提供的耳机的一实施例结构示意图，图2是如图1所示耳机佩戴状态下与耳朵的正视结构示意图。
本申请中，耳机100为后挂式耳机。耳机100包括扬声组件10、功能组件20、耳挂30和后挂40，扬声组件10用以贴紧人体头部并进行传声，与扬声组 件10电连接，耳挂30刚性连接于扬声组件10和功能组件20之间，扬声组件10、功能组件20和耳挂30的数量均可为两个，分别对应佩戴于人体头部的左右两侧。可以理解的是，本申请的其它实施方式中，耳机100可以为头戴式耳机或者耳挂式耳机等各种类型的耳机，可以没有后挂40或耳挂30。功能组件20可以与扬声器组件10集成，即功能组件20与扬声器组件10为非独立结构，可以集成在一起。
本实施方式中，扬声组件10是耳机100的发声组件，可以将输入的音频电信号转化成机械振动，通过头部骨头将振动传导至用户的耳膜，从而使用户听到耳机100的声音。换句话说，本实施方式中的扬声组件10的传声方式为骨传导。可以理解的是，本申请的其它实施方式中，扬声组件10的传声方式也可以为空气传导或骨传导与空气传导结合的方式。
功能组件20可以包括电池壳体、电路板和/或电池，电池壳体用于容纳电路板和/或电池，耳挂30的一端连接电池壳体，耳挂30的另一端与扬声组件10连接。
耳机100佩戴时，耳挂30挂在耳廓200上方，后挂40连接于两组功能组件20之间或两个耳挂30之间。本申请一些实施方式中，耳挂30可以呈倒“U”型。一些其它的实施方式中，耳挂30也可以是其它的形态，在此不进行具体限定。
如图1所示，本申请提供的耳机100中扬声组件10与功能组件20独立存在，且扬声组件10位于耳廓200前侧。
在其他实施方式中，扬声组件10可以位于耳廓上或者位于耳廓后侧，与耳廓200接触或与用户头部接触。本申请对耳机100佩戴时，扬声器组件10的佩戴位置不进行具体限定。
如图2所示，耳机100包括遮挡件50，遮挡件50设置在扬声组件10上。遮挡件50包括第一挡件52，第一挡件52与扬声组件10连接。其中，在佩戴状态下，第一挡件52从扬声组件10至耳道300的方向延伸。本实施方式中，扬 声组件10至耳道300的方向为A轴正方向，即本实施方式中，第一挡板52为从扬声组件10上沿A轴正方向延伸形成的结构。
扬声组件10包括壳体12和扬声器，扬声器是扬声组件的发声主体，壳体12用于收容扬声器。
继续参阅图3，图3是如图2所示耳机中扬声组件和遮挡件的结构示意图。
具体地，壳体12上设置有出音面121，以及与出音面121相邻的第一侧面122、第二侧面123和第三侧面124，遮挡件50可以与第一侧面122、第二侧面123和第三侧面124连接，在一些实施方式中，第一挡件52与第一侧面122连接。
优选地，第一挡件52也可以与扬声组件10的出音面121或是顶面125连接。出音面121朝向头部，是扬声组件10贴近用户的一面，顶面125为扬声组件10远离用户的一面。第一挡件52与出音面121连接时，第一挡件52与扬声组件10之间的振动能够保持一致，从而实现更好增加音量、提升音质的效果。
遮挡件50与扬声组件10连接并从扬声组件10至耳道300的方向延伸，扬声组件10振动的产生的声波可以经遮挡件50更多的反射至耳道300，从而能够增加用户听到的耳机100的声音。并且，扬声组件10振动时，也能够带动遮挡件50振动，遮挡件50振动能够带动周围空气振动产生气导声，并传输至用户的耳道300，从而增强用户听到的音量。由于本申请的耳机100除了扬声组件10能够振动产生振动声音以外，遮挡件50还能够产生气导声，从而使得用户能够听到相较于单纯的骨导振动耳机更大的音量。此时，本申请的耳机100的扬声组件10的振动强度可以相较于单纯的骨导振动耳机可以有更低的振动强度即可以获得所需的音量，进而能够减小扬声组件10产生的漏音。进一步的，本申请的一些实施方式中的遮挡件50还可以遮挡部分耳道300隔绝外界噪音，从而减小外界噪音对听音效果的影响，能够增大耳机100听到的音量，并减小耳机100的漏音。
本申请一些实施方式中，遮挡件50可以为与扬声组件10的壳体12相同的 材料，可以通过一体成型的方式与扬声组件10的壳体12一体成型。可以理解的是，遮挡件50也可以为其它的材质，通过卡接、焊接、螺钉连接等各种固定连接方式与扬声组件10进行固定连接。
一些实施方式中，遮挡件50的材质可以为防风噪材料。防风噪材料主要为疏松多孔结构，例如泡棉或是多孔硅胶等，一般其孔隙率为10％-80％，这种疏松多孔的结构能降低防风噪材料表面附近的空气速度，从而减小风噪，避免风噪过多影响用户的收听；防风噪材料也可以是疏松毛绒结构，这种结构也能降低防风噪材料表面附近的空气速度，减小风噪。
在本实施例中，在佩戴状态下，第一侧面122朝向耳道300的方向，第一挡件52连接于第一侧面122，第一挡件52设计成方形平板状。平板设计使得第一挡件52在实现遮挡作用的同时也保证了扬声组件10的轻量化，避免体积过大导致扬声组件10重量增加引起用户佩戴不适。可选地，第一挡件52还可以为弧形板状或曲面板状。
在其他实施例中，扬声组件10沿声音振动方向的截面还可以为圆形、椭圆形或是跑道形等其它形状，本申请在此不作具体限定。
具体地，第一挡件52向扬声组件10至耳道300方向延伸，第一挡件52跟随扬声组件10振动时，带动周围空气振动产生气导声，此时气导声能更多的传导到用户的耳甲腔内，从而使得用户能够听到更大的音量。此时，本申请的耳机100的扬声组件10的振动强度可以有更低的振动强度即可以获得所需的音量，进而能够减小扬声组件10产生的漏音。进一步的，第一挡件52向扬声组件10至耳道300方向延伸可以部分遮挡耳道300以隔绝外界噪音，从而减小外界噪音对听音效果的影响，能够增大耳机100听到的音量，并减小耳机100的漏音。
本实施方式中，第一挡件52的厚度可以均匀，即第一挡件52的各个位置的厚度均相同。
继续参阅图4，图4是是本申请提供的耳机的一实施例的仰视结构示意图。
可以理解的是，本申请的其它一些实施方式中，第一挡件52的不同位置的厚度可变化。例如，本申请的一些实施方式中，第一挡件52从靠近扬声组件10至远离扬声组件10的方向上厚度逐渐降低，且第一挡件52与壳体12的连接位置之间平滑连接，避免在连接位置的应力集中。
继续参阅图5，图5是如图2所示耳机中扬声组件和遮挡件的平面结构示意图。
本申请一些实施方式中，第一挡件52在第一方向A的第一尺寸a小于等于扬声组件10在第一方向A上的第二尺寸b的两倍。其中，第一方向A为扬声组件10至耳道300的延伸方向，第一尺寸a为第一挡件52远离扬声组件10的一端与第一侧面之间的距离。例如，第一尺寸a大小等于第二尺寸b的0.5倍；第一尺寸a大小等于第二尺寸b；或第一尺寸a大小等于第二尺寸b的1.5倍；或第一尺寸a大小等于第二尺寸b的2倍，本申请在此不作具体限定。
第一尺寸a小于等于第二尺寸b的两倍且大小不为零时，使得扬声组件10振动的声波可以经遮挡件50更多的反射至耳道300，提高用户听到的耳机100音量；并且，能确保第一挡件52不会延伸过长抵至用户的耳朵，也能合理控制第一挡件52的重量，避免第一挡件52过长或者过重导致用户佩戴不适。并且，第一挡件52能随着扬声组件10振动，带动周围空气振动产生气导声传输至用户的耳道300，从而使得用户能够听到相较于单纯的骨导振动耳机更大的音量，从而也能降低耳机100的漏音。
一些实施方式中，用户佩戴耳机100时，第一挡件52在用户耳朵上的投影至少部分位于耳甲腔内，使得遮挡件50振动产生的气导声能够更多的进入耳道300内被耳朵听到，并能够使得扬声组件10振动的声波可以经遮挡件50更多的反射至耳道300，提高用户听到的耳机100音量。进一步地，在佩戴状态下，第一挡件52覆盖用户的耳甲腔，相较于上述实施方式，这样的设置能保证第一挡件52覆盖到耳甲腔更多的面积，使得遮挡件50振动产生的气导声最大程度的进入耳道300，提高耳机100被用户听到的音量。
一些实施方式中，遮挡件50还包括第二挡件54，第二挡件54连接在第二侧面123和/或第三侧面124上，第二挡件54在第二方向B的第三尺寸c小于等于第一尺寸a，第二方向B垂直于第一方向A。
在本实施例中，第二挡件54为平板且有两块，其分别设置于第二侧面123和第三侧面124上，第一挡件52与第二挡件54共同拼接成遮挡耳道300的方形平板，能增加遮挡件50对耳道300的遮挡面积。本申请中，第一挡件52与第二挡件54可以是方型、圆弧形等各种形状的平板，或者，第一挡件52与第二挡件54也可以为弧形板或曲面板，本申请对第一挡件52与第二挡件54的形状等的不进行具体限制。第一挡件52和第二挡件54可以为独立的结构，第一挡件52和第二挡件54也可以为一体成型的结构。
一些实施例中，第二挡件54的不同位置的厚度可变化，例如，第二挡件54的厚度可以从靠近扬声组件10至远离扬声组件10的方向上厚度逐渐降低，且第二挡件54与扬声组件10的壳体12的连接位置之间平滑连接，避免第二挡件54与扬声组件10的壳体12的连接位置应力集中。
继续参阅图6至图8，图6是如图2所示耳机没有挡板和有挡板两种状态下在耳道中的声压的对比示意图，图7是如图2所示耳机遮挡件的尺寸与收听到的外界声音的关系示意图，图8是如图2所示耳机被收听到的声音与遮挡件第一尺寸和第三尺寸的关系示意图。
如图6所示，耳机100在没有遮挡件50的状态下，耳道内的声压明显较弱，耳机100在有遮挡件50的状态下，耳道300内的声压明显较强，由此可以看出，遮挡件50对提升耳机100被听到的音量有明显的效果。
如图7和图8所示，随着第一挡件52的第一尺寸a增加，听到耳机100的音量逐渐变大。第一尺寸a较小时，第二挡件54的第三尺寸c的增加对听到耳机100的音量影响不大，其中，第三尺寸c为连接于第二侧面123的第二挡件54的远离扬声组件10的一端与第二侧面123之间的距离，或连接于第三侧面124的第二挡件54的远离扬声组件10的一端与第三侧面124之间的距离；第一 尺寸a较大时，第一尺寸a的增加对听到耳机100的音量影响不大。换句话说，本申请中，第一挡件52对遮挡外界噪音起主导作用，且第一挡件52遮挡耳道的面积越多，效果越好，但当第一挡件52遮挡耳道300的面积达到一定的值后，增加第一尺寸a的增益效果减弱。
本实施例中，第一挡件52和第二挡件54均为平板且第一挡件52相对垂直于第一侧面122，第二挡件54垂直于第二侧面123和第三侧面124，以使得能够以较小的材料体积实现较强的隔音效果。
在其他实施方式中，第一挡件52还可以相对第一侧面122呈倾斜设置，第二挡件54还可以相对第二侧面123和/或第三侧面124呈倾斜设置，例如，第一挡件52与出声面121或顶面125，以及第二挡件54与出声面121或顶面125的夹角可以为±60°、±45°或±30°，避免在佩戴耳机100时，遮挡件50与耳廓200相抵造成佩戴不适，本申请对该角度范围不作具体限定。
本申请中，遮挡件50可以与壳体12固定连接或者与壳体12活动连接。遮挡件50活动地与壳体12连接时，遮挡件50可以相对壳体12伸缩、旋转或折叠，以改变遮挡件50暴露在外界环境中的部分的面积，从而适应不同的使用场景。例如，在外界噪音较大时，可以增加遮挡件50暴露在外界环境中的部分的面积，以增大用户听到的音量；在外界噪音较小，或者想要更清晰的听到外界声音时，可以减小遮挡件50暴露在外界环境中的部分的面积。
在一些实施方式中，耳机100还包括驱动件14、传感器和控制器，驱动件14和传感器与控制器电连接，传感器为声音传感器，用于检测环境噪音，并能将电信号传递至控制器，控制器为PCB板或含控制电路的电路板，用于基于所检测到的环境噪音的大小调整第一挡件52或第二挡件54相对外壳110的伸出长度，驱动件14连接第一挡件52或第二挡件54，用于驱动第一挡件52或第二挡件54实现伸缩、旋转或折叠以改变伸出长度。传感器感知到环境噪音相对较大，便可控制驱动件14驱动第一挡件52或第二挡件54伸出较多的长度，传感器感知到环境噪音相对较小，便可控制驱动件14驱动第一挡件52或第二挡件 54伸出较少的长度。本申请中以驱动件14驱动第一挡件52伸出或收缩至壳体12为例进行说明。
在其他实施方式中，耳机100还可以不包括传感器和控制器，用户可以根据自己感知的信号，手动调节遮挡件50，以使遮挡件50调整至伸出壳体12的长度为合适的程度。
继续参阅图9，图9是扬声组件的壳体和遮挡件活动连接的第一实施例的结构示意图。
图9所示实施方式中，驱动件14包括丝杆140和螺母141，螺母141穿设在丝杆140上，丝杆140上有螺纹，螺母141内侧的花纹与螺纹相匹配。丝杆140转动时，螺母141可实现沿丝杆140轴向方向的移动。第一挡件52与螺母141连接。
在本实施例中，如图9所示，第一挡件52部分位于壳体12内，丝杆140和螺母141均设置于壳体12内。螺母141连接在第一挡件52的端部，丝杆140与第一挡件52平行，螺母141在丝杆140上移动时，能带动第一挡件52沿平行于丝杆140的方向伸缩进出壳体12，以此能调整第一挡件52相对壳体12的伸出长度，从而根据使用环境改变第一挡件52遮挡耳道300的面积。
在其他实施例中，丝杆140也可以相对于第一挡件52倾斜设置，丝杆140与第一挡件52所形成的角度可以为15°、30°或45°，本申请对此不作具体限定。
继续参阅图10，图10是扬声组件的壳体和遮挡件活动连接的第二实施例的结构示意图。
图10所示实施方式中，驱动件14包括继电器142、弹性件143和铁磁件144，继电器142、弹性件143和铁磁件144设置于一条线上，弹性件143设置于继电器142和铁磁件144之间，且弹性件143与铁磁件144连接，继电器142通电之后，由于电磁效应会改变自身的磁性以吸引或排斥铁磁件144，由此，铁磁件144在继电器142吸引或排斥的作用力下移动。第一挡件52与铁磁件144 连接，铁磁件144移动会带动第一挡件52移动，从而改变第一挡件52暴露在外界环境中的部分的面积。
在本实施例中，如图10所示，第一挡件52部分位于壳体12内，继电器142、弹性件143和铁磁件144也均设置于壳体12内，弹性件143一端连接在铁磁件144上，另一端固定在壳体12上，第一挡件52的一端连接铁磁件144，铁磁件144在继电器142作用下带动第一挡件52沿相同方向伸缩进出壳体12，以此能调整第一挡件52相对壳体12的伸出长度，从而根据使用环境改变第一挡件52暴露在外界环境中的部分的面积。
在另一些实施方式中，驱动件14用于驱动第一挡件52相对壳体12旋转，以改变第一挡件53相对壳体12朝向耳廓200一侧的伸出长度。
继续参阅图11，图11是扬声组件的壳体和遮挡件活动连接的第三实施例的结构示意图。
图11所示实施方式中，驱动件14可以包括电机145和伸缩杆146，第一挡件52与伸缩杆146连接，伸缩杆146的一端与电机145传动连接，电机145可以驱动伸缩杆146伸缩，以驱动第一挡件52旋转。
在本实施例中，如图11所示，第一挡件52全部位于壳体12外，其一端铰接于壳体12上，伸缩杆146的一端与电机145连接，另一端铰接第一挡件52的一侧，伸缩杆146在电机145的传动作用下伸缩改变自身的长度，带动第一挡件52绕铰接点旋转，以改变第一挡件53相对壳体12朝向耳廓200一侧的伸出长度。
在其他一些实施方式中，驱动件14用于驱动第一挡件52折叠或伸展，以改变第一挡件53相对壳体12朝向耳廓200一侧的伸出长度。
继续参阅图12，图12是扬声组件的壳体和遮挡件活动连接的第三实施例的结构示意图。
图12所示实施方式中，驱动件14包括伸缩组件147，伸缩组件147能够折叠或展开，从而伸缩改变自身的面积，第一挡件52设置于伸缩组件147的一侧。
如图12所示，第一挡件52部分位于壳体12内，伸缩组件147呈网状伸缩杆且覆盖在第一挡件52的一侧，伸缩组件147通过改变伸缩杆之间的距离能实现折叠或展开，以此带动第一挡件52的面积随伸缩组件147的折叠或展开而变化，从而能调整第一挡件52相对壳体12的伸出长度，从而根据使用环境改变第一挡件52暴露在外界环境中的部分的面积。
具体地，第一挡件52可以为多孔薄膜或是其他易折叠不易变形的材料。一些实施方式中，耳机100还包括防水圈60，防水圈60设置于扬声组件10上，防水圈60可以避免汗液或其他液体，或者灰尘等杂质进入壳体12内腐蚀内部器件，能有效延长产品使用寿命。
具体地，本实施例中，如图9及图10所示，防水圈60设置于扬声组件10上并套设在第一挡件52上，当第一挡件52相对扬声组件10伸缩移动时，第一挡件52与防水圈60滑动配合，从而允许第一挡件52相对扬声组件10伸缩移动，同时能够避免汗液或其他液体，或者灰尘等杂质进入壳体12内。
本实施例中，如图11所示，防水圈60设置于扬声组件10上并套设在伸缩杆146上，当伸缩杆146相对扬声组件10伸缩移动时，伸缩杆146与防水圈60滑动配合，从而允许伸缩杆146相对扬声组件10伸缩移动，同时能够避免汗液或其他液体，或者灰尘等杂质进入壳体12内。
请参阅图13-图16，本申请一些实施方式中，耳机100还可以包括外壳110，外壳110可用于收容扬声组件10。耳机100还包括柔性件90，柔性件90采用橡胶、硅胶等柔性材料制成。柔性件90设置在外壳110和壳体12之间，实现外壳110与壳体12之间的支撑，并为外壳110和壳体12之间的相对振动提供缓冲，尽量减少或避免将骨导扬声器70的振动传输至外壳110上，从而使得外壳110减少或避免带动周围空气振动而产生漏音。并且，扬声组件10振动带动周围空气振动而产生漏音会被外壳110遮挡，从而进一步的减少耳机100产生的漏音。并且，扬声组件10振动带动周围空气振动而产生漏音会被外壳110反射进入用户耳道，从而增大用户听到的声音。
柔性件90罩设在壳体12上；或者柔性件90包括多个柔性块92，多个柔性块92间隔分散地设置于外壳110和壳体12之间，柔性件90能避免将骨导扬声器70的振动传输至外壳110上，从而使得外壳110不会带动周围空气振动而产生漏音。
本申请一些实施方式中，柔性件90可以为吸声材料，以通过柔性件90吸收扬声组件10振动产生的漏音，进而进一步的减少耳机100产生的漏音。一些实施方式中，耳机100还可以包括填充层，填充层填充于外壳110和壳体12之间的空隙中。填充层可以为吸声材料，以通过填充层吸收扬声组件10振动产生的漏音，进而进一步的减少耳机100产生的漏音。
本申请中，吸声材料可以为吸声海绵或者吸声颗粒。如图13所示，第一挡件52连接于扬声组件10上，出音面121位于外壳110外，避免外壳110吸收扬声组件10的振动，增强扬声组件10传导至用户的振动，柔性件90设置在外壳110和壳体12之间并罩设扬声组件10，柔性件90上留设穿孔供第一挡件52延伸出外壳110，柔性件90可以为柔性材料或吸声材料。
如图14所示，第一挡件52连接于扬声组件10上，出音面121位于外壳110外，柔性块92间隔分散地连接在扬声组件10的顶面125和一些侧面上，并连接外壳110和壳体12，柔性块92为柔性材料。
一些实施方式中，外壳110和壳体12之间的空隙内还可以填充吸音材料。通过柔性块92之间的实现外壳110与壳体12之间的支撑，并为外壳110和壳体12之间的相对振动提供缓冲，通过外壳110遮挡扬声组件10振动产生的漏音。通过吸音材料能够进一步的吸收扬声组件10振动产生的漏音。
本申请中，遮挡件50可以连接在外壳110上；或者，遮挡件50连接在壳体12上，并穿出外壳110。
在一些实施方式中，第一挡件52可以连接于壳体12上或者连接于外壳110上，并能够相对壳体12或者外壳110相对移动，以改变第一挡件52暴露在外界环境中的部分的面积。此时，防水圈60也相应的设置在壳体12或者外壳110 上，并与第一挡件52滑动配合，以允许第一挡件52能够相对壳体12或外壳110移动，并避免汗液或其他液体，或者灰尘等杂质进入壳体12内或外壳110内。
继续参阅图13和图14，图13是如图3所示耳机中扬声组件和遮挡件连接的第一实施例的结构示意图，图14是如图3所示耳机中扬声组件和遮挡件连接的第二实施例的结构示意图。
在本实施例中，如图13和图14所示，第一挡件52与扬声组件10连接，其部分位于外壳110内，部分延伸至外界，第一挡件52设置在扬声组件10上可以直接随着扬声组件10振动，将音频传至耳道300内，从而能够实现扬声组件10带动第一挡件52传音的效果。
一些实施方式中，出音面121可以伸出外壳110外，方便扬声组件10的出音面121直接接触用户的皮肤，扬声组件10的振动能够经出音面121直接传导至用户头部骨头，避免外壳110对于扬声组件10振动时阻碍出音面121直接与用户皮肤接触。
进一步地，如图13和图14所示，耳机100还可以包括柔性环80，柔性环80为柔性材料并设置于第一挡件52与外壳110的连接处。具体的，外壳110上设有开孔，第一挡件52经开孔伸出外壳110。柔性环80设于开孔内，且柔性环80套设在第一挡件52上，柔性环80为第一挡件52和外壳110之间提供了缓冲，减少了第一挡件52与外壳110之间的振动传导，避免扬声组件10传导的振动分散至外壳110，确保第一挡件52的振动更多的传导至用户的耳道300；柔性环80也能起到防水防尘的效果，避免液体或灰尘进入耳机100内部。
在一些实施方式中，遮挡件50固定连接在外壳110上，遮挡件50相对于外壳110的位置固定，不能进行移动。
继续参阅图15和图16，图15是如图3所示耳机中外壳和遮挡件连接的第一实施例的结构示意图，图16是如图3所示耳机中外壳和遮挡件连接的第二实施例的结构示意图。
如图15所示，第一挡件52直接连接于外壳110上，柔性件90设置在外壳 110和扬声组件10之间并罩设扬声组件10，柔性件90为柔性材料或吸声材料。
如图16所示，第一挡件52直接连接于外壳110上，柔性块92连接在扬声器70被外壳110包裹的每个面上，柔性块92为柔性材料。
在扬声组件10振动发出低频音时，柔性材料能随着扬声组件10一起振动；在扬声组件10发出高频音时，柔性材料与扬声组件10相对振动。所以在低频音时柔性件90或柔性块92能带动外壳110与扬声组件10一起振动；在高频音时柔性件90或柔性块92则无法带动外壳110与扬声组件10一起振动，这就使得在低频音时，第一挡件52能与扬声组件10同频振动产生声音，进一步补充了低频响应。
通过将第一挡件设置在扬声组件的一侧，且在用户使用佩戴时，第一挡件至少部分向扬声组件至耳道的方向延伸，使得遮挡件能遮挡部分耳道，挡板随骨导耳机本体进行振动，能够使周边的空气产生振动从而传导至耳膜，相当于增加气传导，增加耳朵听到的音量，同时，扬声组件振动的声波可以经遮挡件更多的反射至耳道，从而能够增加用户听到的耳机的声音，遮挡件也能遮挡外界噪音传导至耳道，最终使得用户在佩戴耳机时可以使用更小的耳机音量便能听清内容，使用较小的耳机音量从而也减少了漏音音量，从而改善了用户的收听效果。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种耳机，其特征在于，包括：
    扬声组件；
    遮挡件，包括第一挡件，所述第一挡件与所述扬声组件连接；
    其中，在佩戴状态下，所述第一挡件至少部分向所述扬声组件至耳道的方向延伸。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述第一挡件在第一方向的第一尺寸小于等于所述扬声组件在所述第一方向上的第二尺寸的两倍，所述第一方向为所述第一挡件向耳道延伸的延伸方向，所述第一尺寸为所述第一挡件外露于所述扬声组件的部分的尺寸。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的耳机，其特征在于，在佩戴状态下，所述第一挡件至少部分投影在用户的耳甲腔内，其中，投影方向和振动方向相同。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的耳机，其特征在于，在佩戴状态下，所述第一挡件至少部分投影覆盖用户的耳甲腔。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述扬声组件包括出音面以及与出音面相邻的第一侧面、第二侧面和第三侧面，所述第一侧面与所述第二侧面和所述第三侧面相邻，所述第二侧面和所述第三侧面相对；
    其中，所述出音面在佩戴状态下朝向头部，所述第一挡件设置于所述第一侧面上；
    所述遮挡件还包括第二挡件，所述第二挡件设置于所述第二侧面和/或第三侧面。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述第二挡件在第二方向的第三尺寸小于等于所述第一尺寸，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述扬声组件包括壳体和扬声器，所述壳体用于收容所述扬声器，所述第一挡件固定于所述壳体上；或所 述第一挡件与所述壳体活动连接；或所述第一挡件设置在所述扬声器上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述耳机包括驱动件、传感器和控制器，所述驱动件连接所述第一挡件，所述驱动件和所述传感器均与所述控制器电连接，所述传感器用于检测环境噪音，所述控制器用于基于所检测到的环境噪音的大小调整所述第一挡件相对所述壳体的伸出长度。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述驱动件用于驱动所述第一挡件伸缩、旋转或折叠。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述第一挡件滑动设置于所述壳体上，所述驱动件包括丝杆和螺母，且所述第一挡件还连接所述螺母；或
    所述驱动件包括继电器、弹性件和铁磁件，所述第一挡件连接所述铁磁件，所述弹性件设置于所述继电器和所述铁磁件之间。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述第一挡件的一端铰接于所述壳体上，所述驱动件包括电机和伸缩杆，所述伸缩杆的一端与所述电机传动连接，所述伸缩杆的另一端铰接所述第一挡件，所述电机用于驱动所述伸缩杆伸缩，以驱动所述第一挡件旋转。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述驱动件包括伸缩组件，所述第一挡件设置于所述伸缩组件的一侧，并随所述伸缩组件的伸缩而折叠或展开。
  13. 根据权利要求10或11所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述耳机还包括防水圈，所述防水圈设置于所述壳体上，所述第一挡件或所述伸缩杆与所述防水圈滑动配合。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述耳机还包括外壳，所述外壳罩设所述扬声组件，所述第一挡件设置于所述外壳或所述壳体上；
    其中，所述外壳和所述壳体之间连接有柔性件。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述柔性件罩设所述壳体； 或
    所述柔性件包括多个柔性块，所述多个柔性块间隔地设置于所述壳体和所述外壳之间。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述第一挡件设置于所述壳体上且部分延伸出所述外壳，所述第一挡件与所述外壳的连接处设置有柔性环。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述柔性件为吸声海绵或吸声颗粒。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述遮挡件的材质为疏松多孔结构或疏松毛绒结构。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述疏松多孔结构的空隙率为10％-80％。
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