WO2024061806A1 - Boîtier de capteur acoustique destiné à être monté sur un véhicule et véhicule comprenant un ou plusieurs boîtiers de capteurs acoustiques - Google Patents

Boîtier de capteur acoustique destiné à être monté sur un véhicule et véhicule comprenant un ou plusieurs boîtiers de capteurs acoustiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024061806A1
WO2024061806A1 PCT/EP2023/075601 EP2023075601W WO2024061806A1 WO 2024061806 A1 WO2024061806 A1 WO 2024061806A1 EP 2023075601 W EP2023075601 W EP 2023075601W WO 2024061806 A1 WO2024061806 A1 WO 2024061806A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acoustic sensor
sensor housing
vehicle
profile
acoustic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/075601
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Hertkorn
Jens Giesler
Christian Carl
Original Assignee
Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zf Friedrichshafen Ag filed Critical Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Publication of WO2024061806A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024061806A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H3/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations by using a detector in a fluid
    • G01H3/04—Frequency
    • G01H3/08—Analysing frequencies present in complex vibrations, e.g. comparing harmonics present
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/004—Mounting transducers, e.g. provided with mechanical moving or orienting device

Definitions

  • Acoustic sensor housing for arrangement on a vehicle and vehicle comprising one or more acoustic sensor housings
  • the invention relates to an acoustic sensor housing for arrangement on a vehicle and a vehicle having one or more acoustic sensor housings.
  • DE 10 2016 006 802 A1 discloses a method and a device for detecting at least one special signal emanating from an emergency vehicle.
  • the aeroacoustic noise is an unwanted disturbance for the outside of the vehicle and therefore for acoustic sensors exposed to the air flow, as the noise reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of the acoustic sensor.
  • care is therefore taken to select sensor positions where the lowest possible relative flow speed prevails during vehicle movement.
  • Acoustic sensors in the automotive sector on the outside of the vehicle are usually installed at the front in the direction of travel so that they point directly in the direction of travel. This creates a dynamic pressure in front of the sensor and only a low flow velocity and thus a low flow noise emission directly at the acoustic sensor.
  • the acoustic sensor is therefore only slightly influenced by wind noise.
  • Another effect is usually used behind the vehicle to obtain audio recordings with little wind noise.
  • the aim here is to create an area with low air speed behind the vehicle in the “slipstream”: the spoiler edges are then located higher up on the vehicle. For example, if you place the acoustic sensors at the bottom of the bumper, they are far away from the spoiler lip and are therefore only slightly influenced by wind noise.
  • the problem for microphones that are supposed to listen to the rear is that the “slipstream” only occurs at the very back of the trailer. Attaching acoustic sensors to the trailer is not desirable as cabling is then required between the trailer and the tractor. It is not desirable to install it behind the tractor, i.e. between the tractor and the trailer, as high drive noise can be heard in this space. Microphones facing the front can be placed like in a car. The wind noise is maximum on the side of the vehicle and on the roof, so installing a sensor there that points to the side or into the sky is not helpful.
  • An object of the present invention was to provide an acoustic sensor housing with reduced flow noise emissions for acoustic sensors directed against the direction of travel for the exterior of a vehicle for vehicles that Due to their design or method of use, the acoustic sensors do not allow installation in the flow-shielded area.
  • the invention provides an acoustic sensor housing for arrangement on a vehicle.
  • An edge of the acoustic sensor housing has the shape of a profile.
  • One or more receiving devices for one or more acoustic sensors are arranged in an interior of the acoustic sensor housing in a region of a profile trailing edge.
  • the invention provides a vehicle that has one or more acoustic sensor housings according to the invention.
  • the acoustic sensor housings are arranged on the vehicle in such a way that a professional front edge of the acoustic sensor housing is arranged forward in the direction of travel.
  • the acoustic sensor housing is based on the design of an airfoil. With such a geometry and/or shape of the acoustic sensor housing, when the vehicle moves through the air fluid, laminar flows arise around the acoustic sensor housing and turbulent flows are minimized. This minimization of turbulent flows essentially avoids the generation of aeroacoustic noise.
  • the air flow is guided by the edge of the acoustic sensor housing, in particular the outline of the profile, in such a way that flow stalls are avoided or at least greatly minimized. This construction with reduced flow noise emissions allows the acoustic sensors to better perceive the surroundings.
  • the surface sizes in the form of the inflow and outflow cross sections of the profile are designed in such a way that there is no acceleration of the flow velocity, but rather a reduction of it. Flow deflections and deflections and thus flow resistance are kept as low as possible.
  • the invention Flow noise emission-reduced acoustic sensor housing 10 enables an advantageous installation of external microphones in the vicinity of vehicles, in particular tractors, for example trucks.
  • An acoustic sensor is a sensor that detects mechanical vibrations, for example caused by airborne sound waves, and converts them into a processable signal, for example an electrical signal such as an electrical voltage.
  • the acoustic sensor includes an analog and/or digital signal output. The forming takes place in two stages. In a first acoustic-mechanical transformation stage, the airborne sound is transformed into the movement of an object according to a specific reception principle. In the second mechanical-electrical conversion stage, the movement of the object is converted into the electrical signal according to a specific converter principle.
  • Examples of acoustic sensors are an arrangement of a magnet and an electrical coil, microphones, accelerometers, piezo sensors or strain gauges.
  • a micro-electro-mechanical system, abbreviated MEMS, comprising an arrangement of semiconductor elements that absorb vibrations, can also be used as an acoustic sensor.
  • the acoustic sensor comprises a microphone.
  • the microphone includes a microphone capsule and a transducer.
  • the acoustic-mechanical shaping takes place in the microphone capsule.
  • the microphone capsule includes, for example, a membrane that is excited to vibrate by airborne sound.
  • the mechanical-electrical conversion takes place in the converter.
  • the transducer is, for example, an electrodynamic transducer, such as a moving coil microphone, or an electrostatic transducer, such as a condenser microphone.
  • the acoustic sensor is implemented as a MEMS microphone.
  • MEMS microphones are miniaturized microphones that are designed, for example, using SMD technology for direct use on the circuit board. MEMS microphones have small dimensions and are easy to process industrially; for example, MEMS microphones can be assembled in a reflow soldering process. Compared to other microphones, MEMS microphones are less sensitive resistant to high temperatures and therefore particularly suitable for automotive applications.
  • the acoustic sensor is an electret condenser microphone.
  • the acoustic sensor housing has porous materials, for example plastic or metal foams, rubber granules or expanded glass granules.
  • the pore size determines the length-related flow resistance and the roughness of the surface.
  • the porous materials reduce the trailing edge sound radiation and thus improve the flow noise emission reduction effect.
  • the acoustic sensor or the acoustic sensor housing can have a protective grille to protect against the ingress of larger foreign bodies. Furthermore, the acoustic sensor or the acoustic sensor housing can have an acoustically permeable, hydrophobic and/or lipophobic first membrane, which is arranged behind the protective grille in the air flow direction. According to one aspect, the acoustically permeable, hydrophobic and/or lipophobic first membrane is arranged behind the protective grille in the air flow direction in such a way that when exposed to jet water, the jet water flows back past the first membrane. Furthermore, the acoustic sensor or the acoustic sensor housing can have a flow bypass running between the protective grille and the first membrane in order to direct fluids and/or foreign bodies that have entered through the air flow away from the first membrane.
  • Profile refers to the shape of the cross section of a body in the direction of flow. There is a flow of air fluid in the vehicle moving through the air fluid. A boundary layer forms as the flow passes over the profile. Depending on the flow speed, angle of attack, profile shape, profile dimension and roughness of the surface, it is laminar or turbulent. At the rear edge of the profile, this boundary layer within the profile then interacts with the edge, which leads to rear edge sound radiation. According to an aspect, the profile rear edges are serrated, jagged or wavy. Such shapes reduce the trailing edge sound radiation.
  • the receiving devices for the acoustic sensors have printed circuit boards.
  • the printed circuit boards can have additional components, for example logic components such as ASICS or FPGAs, in order to implement, for example, high-pass filter and/or compressor functions required to limit the dynamic range of the signal.
  • the components and their connections are used for the preprocessing of analog or digital signals from the acoustic sensor, with the components being designed for analog or digital signal processing and/or for implementing filter functions, phase reversal functions, compressor functions and/or amplifier functions.
  • the circuit board can have a plug connection for connecting the acoustic sensor to an electronic control device, the control device being designed to localize and/or classify sound sources depending on the signals from the acoustic sensor.
  • the components and/or the acoustic sensors are, for example, mounted directly on the surface of the circuit board, for example soldered, and are also called surface mounted devices, abbreviated as SMD.
  • the recording devices are designed as recording clips for the acoustic sensors.
  • the profile is shortened around the area of the profile trailing edge.
  • the receiving devices are arranged at the end of the acoustic sensor housing opposite a profile front edge.
  • the acoustic sensor housing has one or more openings for conducting airborne sound to the acoustic sensors that can be accommodated in the receiving devices.
  • the openings are each arranged on a profile top at a position that is at a greater distance from the profile front edge than a position of the receiving devices. This means that when the acoustic sensor housing is arranged on the vehicle moving through the air fluid, the openings are arranged behind the receiving devices in the direction of travel and thus in the flow area that is as laminar as possible. This will make it Flow noise emission reduction effect further improved.
  • the openings can be drill holes, for example.
  • the sizes of the openings are dimensioned such that vortex shedding frequencies greater than or equal to 10 kHz arise. This is particularly advantageous for the application of siren detection in emergency vehicles.
  • the diameters of bore holes are dimensioned accordingly.
  • the sizes of the openings can be determined using the Strouhal number f'L.
  • the flow velocity v depends, among other things, on the driving speed of the vehicle.
  • openings can also be used, for example in the form of a grid of holes.
  • the acoustic sensor housing has a flat profile underside.
  • Such an acoustic sensor housing can advantageously be mechanically constructed and easily arranged on a vehicle, for example in a planar manner on an outer skin of the vehicle.
  • the acoustic sensor housing has one or more acoustic sensors that are accommodated in the recording devices. Thanks to the acoustic sensor housing with reduced flow noise emissions, the acoustic sensors can be aligned against the direction of travel in areas surrounded by flow, especially in vehicles that do not allow the acoustic sensors to be installed in the flow-shielded area due to their design or method of use.
  • the acoustic sensor housing has one or more fasteners for arranging the acoustic sensor housing on the vehicle.
  • the fastening element is, for example, a screw.
  • the vehicle is a tractor.
  • the acoustic sensor housing is arranged on the tractor.
  • the tractor is, for example, a truck with or without a trailer, a tractor with or without a semi-trailer, a passenger car with or without a caravan, a tractor with or without a trailer or a bicycle with or without a bicycle trailer.
  • the vehicle has a driving system for automated driving functions.
  • One or more acoustic sensors accommodated in the acoustic sensor housing perceive the surroundings of the vehicle.
  • the driving system processes signals from the acoustic sensors for trajectory planning.
  • the driving system can include environment detection sensors, in addition to the acoustic sensors, for example cameras, radar, lidar, one or more electronic control devices and one or more actuators for the longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle.
  • the electronic control device can have a high-performance computer platform for processing the sensor signals, perceiving the environment and controlling the actuators.
  • Automated driving functions include driving functions for assisted driving and autonomous driving functions.
  • the acoustic sensors can better perceive the surroundings and, for example, detect approaching special emergency vehicles with an active siren earlier and react accordingly, for example by forming an emergency lane, reducing the driving speed to ensure that the emergency vehicle can be overtaken safely or changing lanes.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of an acoustic sensor housing according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a top view of the acoustic sensor housing from Fig. 1 and
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a further exemplary embodiment of an acoustic sensor housing according to the invention.
  • the acoustic sensor housing 10 shown in Fig. 1 has the shape of a profile 11 with a flat profile bottom 19 and a convexly curved profile top 18. With the flat profile bottom 19, the acoustic sensor housing 10 can be arranged on a vehicle 20, for example with a fastening element 11 1, which can be used, for example a screw connection can be formed. For example, the acoustic sensor housing 10 is arranged on a tractor. In the area of a profile rear edge 13, the acoustic sensor housing 10 has an opening 17, for example a hole, through which airborne sound is conducted to the acoustic sensors 15.
  • a receiving device 14 for the acoustic sensors 15 is arranged in an interior 12 of the acoustic sensor housing 10.
  • the receiving device 14 is arranged in FIG. 1 between the opening 17 and a profile front edge 16.
  • the profile leading edge also called the profile nose, is the edge of a wing profile that faces the inflowing fluid. The opposite of this is the trailing edge of the profile.
  • the profile front edge 16 is convexly curved.
  • a chamber 112 in particular an air chamber, is formed in the area of the profile rear edge 13 between the receiving device 14 and the opening 17.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of the acoustic sensor housing 10 of FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the acoustic sensor housing 10 according to the invention.
  • the chamber 112 is completely removed. This means that the acoustic sensors 15 have direct contact with the outside world.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un boîtier de capteur acoustique (10) destiné à être installé sur un véhicule (20), un bord du boîtier de capteur acoustique (10) présentant la forme d'un profilé (11) et un ou plusieurs dispositifs de réception (14) pour un ou plusieurs capteurs acoustiques (15) étant agencés dans une partie intérieure (12) du boîtier de capteur acoustique (10) dans une région d'un bord arrière (13) du profilé.
PCT/EP2023/075601 2022-09-21 2023-09-18 Boîtier de capteur acoustique destiné à être monté sur un véhicule et véhicule comprenant un ou plusieurs boîtiers de capteurs acoustiques WO2024061806A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022209934.6 2022-09-21
DE102022209934.6A DE102022209934A1 (de) 2022-09-21 2022-09-21 Akustiksensorgehäuse zur Anordnung an einem Fahrzeug und Fahrzeug aufweisend ein oder mehrere Akustiksensorgehäuse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024061806A1 true WO2024061806A1 (fr) 2024-03-28

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PCT/EP2023/075601 WO2024061806A1 (fr) 2022-09-21 2023-09-18 Boîtier de capteur acoustique destiné à être monté sur un véhicule et véhicule comprenant un ou plusieurs boîtiers de capteurs acoustiques

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DE (1) DE102022209934A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024061806A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016006802A1 (de) 2016-06-03 2016-12-08 Daimler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erfassung zumindest eines von einem Einsatzfahrzeug ausgehenden Sondersignals
WO2020224904A1 (fr) * 2019-05-03 2020-11-12 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Dispositif pour détecter des bruits aériens pour des applications automobiles, où il existe des écoulements d'air entre le dispositif et une source sonore du bruit aérien, procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de ce type et véhicule routier à commande automatisée comprenant un dispositif de ce type
EP3812576A1 (fr) * 2019-10-23 2021-04-28 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Pale de rotor comportant des moyens de réduction de bruit

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016006802A1 (de) 2016-06-03 2016-12-08 Daimler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erfassung zumindest eines von einem Einsatzfahrzeug ausgehenden Sondersignals
WO2020224904A1 (fr) * 2019-05-03 2020-11-12 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Dispositif pour détecter des bruits aériens pour des applications automobiles, où il existe des écoulements d'air entre le dispositif et une source sonore du bruit aérien, procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de ce type et véhicule routier à commande automatisée comprenant un dispositif de ce type
EP3812576A1 (fr) * 2019-10-23 2021-04-28 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Pale de rotor comportant des moyens de réduction de bruit

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
TAMARO S ET AL: "Development of a didactic demonstrator for flow-induced noise mechanisms and mitigation technologiesa)", THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747, vol. 151, no. 2, 9 February 2022 (2022-02-09), pages 898 - 910, XP012263421, ISSN: 0001-4966, [retrieved on 20220209], DOI: 10.1121/10.0009366 *

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