WO2024060570A1 - 液冷系统及其控制方法 - Google Patents

液冷系统及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024060570A1
WO2024060570A1 PCT/CN2023/085416 CN2023085416W WO2024060570A1 WO 2024060570 A1 WO2024060570 A1 WO 2024060570A1 CN 2023085416 W CN2023085416 W CN 2023085416W WO 2024060570 A1 WO2024060570 A1 WO 2024060570A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipeline
pressure
medium
pressure relief
electric valve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/085416
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
范皓龙
刘帆
鹿志遥
Original Assignee
中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Application filed by 中兴通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024060570A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024060570A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20272—Accessories for moving fluid, for expanding fluid, for connecting fluid conduits, for distributing fluid, for removing gas or for preventing leakage, e.g. pumps, tanks or manifolds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20281—Thermal management, e.g. liquid flow control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20327—Accessories for moving fluid, for connecting fluid conduits, for distributing fluid or for preventing leakage, e.g. pumps, tanks or manifolds

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of heat dissipation, and in particular, to a liquid cooling system and a control method thereof.
  • the present disclosure provides a liquid cooling system and a control method thereof.
  • the present disclosure provides a liquid cooling system, including: a main circulation system, the main circulation system including a circuit formed by a medium cooling unit, an external circulation pump and an equipment cooling unit connected in sequence through pipelines, the medium The cooling unit cools the medium of the main circulation system, and the equipment cooling unit absorbs the heat emitted by the equipment; and a boosting subsystem and a fluid replenishment pipeline.
  • the booster subsystem includes a first electric valve, a fluid replenishment tank, a fluid replenishment pump, and a A pressure balance pipeline
  • the fluid replenishment tank is connected to the main circulation system through the fluid replenishment pipeline
  • a fluid replenishment pump is provided on the fluid replenishment pipeline
  • the fluid replenishment tank is also connected to the pressure balance pipeline
  • the first electric A valve is provided on the pressure balance pipeline to control the opening and closing of the pressure balance pipeline.
  • the present disclosure also provides a control method for a liquid cooling system, including: obtaining the pressure of the main circulation system; when the pressure is lower than a first set pressure value, controlling the first The electric valve is opened, and the rehydration pump is controlled to be opened to replenish the main circulation system; and when the pressure is not lower than the first set pressure value, the rehydration pump is controlled to be closed, and the rehydration pump is controlled to be closed.
  • the first electric valve is closed.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid cooling system provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is one of the flow charts of the control method of the liquid cooling system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG4 is a second flowchart of the control method of the liquid cooling system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is the third flowchart of the control method of the liquid cooling system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the replenishing tank is connected to the outside air. This will cause moisture and impurities in the air to enter the liquid cooling system, causing the heat dissipation effect of the entire system to deteriorate. Moreover, the replenishing tank is not in use when it is not in use. Sealing can also cause the stored media to dissipate.
  • the liquid-cooling heat dissipation system dissipates heat from the equipment through medium circulation
  • the pressure of the liquid-cooling heat dissipation system is too low during the operation of the system, it is necessary to replenish the medium in the liquid-cooling heat dissipation system to replenish the liquid and pressurize the system to ensure that the system The internal pressure must be appropriate and stable.
  • the liquid cooling system and its control method provided in this disclosure can replenish and pressurize the main circulation system through the supercharging subsystem.
  • the liquid cooling system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a main circulation system 10 , a boosting subsystem 20 and a liquid replenishment pipeline 40 .
  • the main circulation system 10 is a circulation loop of the medium, and the boosting subsystem 20 can replenish the main circulation system 10 with medium through the liquid replenishing pipeline 40 to increase the pressure in the main circulation system 10 .
  • the medium mentioned here may be a cooling medium such as fluorinated liquid, deionized water or alcohol-based solution.
  • the main circulation system 10 includes a circuit formed by a medium cooling unit 11, an external circulation pump 12 and an equipment cooling unit connected in sequence through pipelines.
  • the medium cooling unit 11 cools the medium of the main circulation system 10, and the equipment cooling unit absorbs heat emitted by the equipment.
  • the medium cooling unit 11 can be a heat exchanger, which cools the medium through heat exchange with the outside to ensure that the medium cools the equipment during the circulation process.
  • the medium in the medium cooling unit 11 can be cooled by air cooling.
  • the medium in the medium cooling unit 11 is cooled through water cooling, which is not limited by this disclosure.
  • the equipment cooling unit is set inside the equipment, and it can also be a heat exchanger. It absorbs the heat emitted by the equipment to cool the equipment.
  • the equipment cooling unit can be a cold plate liquid cooling structure or an immersed type. Liquid cooling structure or spray liquid cooling structure is not limited by this disclosure.
  • the equipment mentioned here can be servers, routers, switches, BBUs and other equipment without limitation.
  • the medium circulates in the loop through the external circulation pump 12 to continuously cool the equipment.
  • the flow direction of the medium is not limited as long as the circulation is realized.
  • the main circulation system The medium in the system 10 circulates sequentially along the equipment cooling unit, the external circulation pump 12 and the medium cooling unit 11 .
  • the supercharging subsystem 20 includes a first electric valve 22, a fluid replenishing tank 21, a fluid replenishing pump 25, and a pressure balance pipeline 23.
  • the fluid replenishing tank 21 is connected to the main circulation system 10 through the fluid replenishing pipeline 40.
  • the fluid replenishment pipeline 40 is provided with a fluid replenishment pump 25,
  • the fluid replenishment tank 21 is also connected to a pressure balance pipeline 23, and the first electric valve 22 is provided on the pressure balance pipeline 23 to control the opening and closing of the pressure balance pipeline 23.
  • the medium is stored in the liquid replenishing tank 21, which is provided with a pressure balance port, a liquid adding port, a liquid draining port and a liquid replenishing port.
  • the pressure balance port is used to connect the pressure balance pipeline 23 .
  • the liquid filling port is used as a supplementary medium and can be opened and closed through a valve or cover.
  • the liquid filling port is a pressure balance port, and both internal and external pressures are balanced through the pressure balance pipeline 23. Balance, and liquid can be added when liquid needs to be added.
  • the drain port is used to drain the medium and can be opened and closed through a valve or cover.
  • the fluid replenishment port is connected to the main circulation system 10 through the fluid replenishment pipeline 40, and the medium is replenished to the main circulation system 10 through the fluid replenishment pump 25.
  • the pressure balance port and the liquid filling port are provided at the top of the liquid replenishing tank 21 , and the liquid discharge port and the liquid replenishing port are located at the bottom of the side wall of the liquid replenishing tank 21 .
  • the replenishing pump 25 here can be selected according to the medium type of the liquid cooling system, and can be a mechanical pump or a canned pump, without limitation.
  • the first electric valve 22 can be opened or closed by electronic control to control the opening and closing of the pressure balance pipeline 23.
  • the pressure balance pipeline 23 is opened, allowing the fluid replenishment tank 21 to communicate with the outside world.
  • the pressure balance pipeline 23 is disconnected, so that the fluid replenishing tank 21 is isolated from the outside world.
  • the medium in the fluid replenishment tank 21 can be extracted through the fluid replenishment pump 25 to replenish the medium to the main circulation system 10.
  • the medium can be replenished through the pressure balance Air is introduced into the pipeline 23 to ensure the air pressure balance of the fluid replenishment tank 21.
  • the pressure balance pipeline 23 is disconnected through the first electric valve 22, thereby preventing external moisture or impurities from entering the fluid replenishment tank 21 and preventing contamination. medium, while avoiding the dissipation of the medium stored in the liquid replenishing tank 21.
  • the boosting subsystem 20 also includes a drying filter 24.
  • the drying filter 24 is provided on the pressure balance pipeline 23, and the drying filter 24 is located on the first Between the electric valve 22 and the replenishing tank 21, a drying filter 24 dries the air passing through the pressure balance pipeline 23.
  • the first electric valve 22 opens, the replenishing tank 21 is connected to the outside world, and the air flows into the replenishing tank 21 along the pressure balance pipeline 23 to ensure that the pressure in the replenishing tank 21 is constant, and the air Moisture or impurities are often entrained in the air.
  • a drying filter 24 is provided on the pressure balance pipe 23 through which the air flows.
  • the drying filter 24 is equipped with a filter, molecular sieve, desiccant, etc., which can filter out the air. moisture or impurities to avoid contamination of the medium in the liquid replenishing tank 21.
  • a filter screen or desiccant can be directly installed in the pressure balance pipeline 23 , which will not be described again.
  • a filter can be directly installed in the fluid replenishing tank 21, and the medium will settle under the filter through the filter.
  • the aforementioned fluid replenishing port is provided on the side of the bottom of the fluid replenishing tank 21, so that the medium flowing out from the fluid replenishing port It has been filtered by impurities to further reduce the impurities flowing into the medium of the main circulation system 10 .
  • the liquid cooling system also includes a purification module 41.
  • the purification module 41 is provided on the liquid replenishing pipeline 40.
  • the purification module 41 processes impurities in the cooling medium.
  • the purification module 41 is used to process the medium that is added to the main circulation system 10. For example, it can be adsorbed by activated carbon to filter out impurities in the medium, thereby ensuring that the medium flowing in the main circulation system 10 will not be mixed with impurities. Ensure the stable operation of the liquid cooling system.
  • fluid replacement pumps are sequentially provided on the fluid replacement pipeline 40 in the direction from the fluid replacement tank 21 to the main circulation system 10 25 and purification module 41.
  • a fluid replacement valve 42 is also provided on the fluid replacement pipeline 40 to close the fluid replacement valve 42 when fluid replacement is not required to prevent the medium from flowing freely between the fluid replacement tank 21, the fluid replacement pipeline 40, and the main circulation system 10
  • the flow optionally, is along the direction from the fluid replacement tank 21 to the main circulation system 10.
  • the fluid replacement pipeline 40 is sequentially provided with a fluid replacement pump 25, a fluid replacement valve 42 and a purification module 41.
  • the purification module 41 can also be provided in the main circulation system 10.
  • it can be installed on the pipeline of the main circulation system 10 to directly process the impurities of the medium circulating in the main circulation system 10.
  • the purification module 41 can have a unified structure with the aforementioned purification module 41 that processes the fluid replacement pipeline 40 , that is to say, part of the purification module 41 processes impurities in the medium supplemented in the fluid replacement pipeline 40 , and the other part processes the impurities circulating in the main circulation system 10 impurities in the medium.
  • the main circulation system 10 also includes a degassing device 13.
  • the medium cooling unit 11, the external circulation pump 12, the degassing device 13 and the equipment cooling unit are connected through pipelines. They are connected in sequence to form a loop.
  • the liquid replenishing pipeline 40 is connected to the degassing device 13 , and the degassing device 13 separates the gas in the main circulation system 10 .
  • the medium and the gas can be separated by a degassing device 13, which is conducive to the reliable operation of the external circulation pump 12.
  • the degassing device 13 includes a degassing tank, one end of which is for the medium to enter. After the medium enters, the gas floats up and separates from the medium, and a vacuum device can be further used to create a negative pressure in the degassing tank to release all the dissolved gas in the liquid. The other end is for the medium to be discharged and enter the main circulation system 10 again for circulation.
  • the aforementioned liquid replenishment tank 21 is connected to the degassing device 13 of the main circulation system 10 through the liquid replenishment pipeline 40.
  • the medium replenished from the liquid replenishment tank 21 will first be separated from the medium and gas to ensure that the replenishment enters the loop circulation.
  • the medium will not contain gas, so that the medium can fill the entire loop, ensuring the reliable operation of the external circulation pump 12.
  • the liquid replenishing pipeline 40 is connected to the bottom of the degassing tank of the degassing device 13 to stably fill the medium and perform gas separation on the medium.
  • the liquid replenishment tank 21 can also be directly connected to the pipeline of the main circulation system 10 through the liquid replenishment pipeline 40 to replenish the medium of the main circulation system 10 .
  • the liquid cooling system also includes an expansion tank 14.
  • the expansion tank 14 is connected to the degassing device 13 to receive the gas separated in the degassing device 13, The expansion tank 14 buffers and stabilizes pressure.
  • the top of the degassing tank of the degassing device 13 has an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is connected to the expansion tank 14 through an exhaust pipe.
  • the gas separated by the degassing device 13 will enter the expansion tank 14 along the exhaust pipe.
  • the expansion tank 14 provided can also avoid contact between the outside air and the medium, ensuring that the medium in the main circulation system 10 does not enter impurities.
  • an exhaust valve can be provided at the exhaust port on the top of the degassing tank of the degassing device 13. After the gas is separated in the degassing tank, the exhaust valve can be directly opened to discharge the gas. discharge.
  • the liquid cooling system also includes a pressure relief subsystem 30 .
  • a pressure relief subsystem 30 In loop main system 10 When the pressure in the main circulation system 10 is too high, the medium can be discharged through the pressure relief subsystem 30 to ensure the pressure balance in the main circulation system 10 .
  • the pressure relief subsystem 30 includes a safety valve 31, a throttle pipe 32 and a pressure relief pipeline 33.
  • the first end of the pressure relief pipeline 33 is connected to the circulation main system 10, the safety valve 31 and the throttle pipe 32 are arranged on the pressure relief pipeline 33, the safety valve 31 is located between the circulation main system 10 and the throttle pipe 32, and the throttle pipe 32 limits the flow rate of the discharged medium.
  • the safety valve 31 can be designed according to the safety pressure of the system, that is, when the pressure in the main circulation system 10 reaches a certain value, the internal medium will generate pressure on the safety valve 31, and the safety valve 31 will open under this pressure.
  • the medium in the main circulation system 10 is discharged to achieve pressure relief.
  • the pressure applied to the safety valve 31 is reduced and is not enough to open the safety valve 31.
  • the safety valve 31 is closed and the discharge of the medium is stopped. . This eliminates the need for human control and makes pressure relief accurate and convenient.
  • a throttling pipe 32 is provided after the safety valve 31, which can play a throttling role to avoid excessive discharge of high-pressure medium during the pressure relief process of the safety valve 31, ensuring that the medium is discharged stably and slowly, thereby maximizing the Reduce the loss of media in the main circulation system 10 due to pressure relief.
  • the throttling tube 32 is a reducing tube, a reducing tube, or other device that reduces the flow rate of the medium and plays a throttling role.
  • the pressure relief subsystem 30 includes a second electric valve 34 and a pressure relief pipeline 33.
  • the first end of the pressure relief pipeline 33 is connected to the main circulation system 10.
  • Two electric valves 34 are provided on the pressure relief pipeline 33 .
  • the second electric valve 34 can be opened or closed through electronic control. When the pressure in the main circulation system 10 is too high, the second electric valve 34 can be opened to relieve the pressure. Moreover, since the opening of the second electric valve 34 can be adjusted according to the control, the high pressure in the circulation main system 10 can be set to multiple levels as needed, and each level corresponds to an opening of the second electric valve 34. In this way, during the pressure relief process of excessive pressure in the main circulation system 10, when the pressure exceeding the balance is not large, the opening of the second electric valve 34 is small, which can stabilize the pressure relief. When the pressure exceeds the balance, If it is too large, the opening of the second electric valve 34 will also become larger. In this way, the process of pressure relief can be accurately controlled and excessive discharge of high-pressure medium during the pressure relief process can be avoided.
  • the pressure relief subsystem 30 further includes a medium recovery device 35 , and the second end of the pressure relief pipeline 33 is connected to the medium recovery device 35 .
  • the medium discharged due to pressure relief in the main circulation system 10 can be recovered through the medium recovery device 35 to reduce waste and be recycled.
  • the second end of the pressure relief pipeline 33 can be directly connected to the fluid replenishment tank 21, such as the fluid replenishment port of the fluid replenishment tank 21.
  • the medium discharged from the main circulation system 10 directly returns to the fluid replenishment tank 21, It will be replenished when rehydration is needed next time and directly recycled to reduce the need for manual rehydration.
  • the first electric valve 22 can be opened at the same time when replenishing the fluid tank 21 with medium.
  • the first electric valve 22 can be opened at the same time.
  • At least one external circulation pump 12 is provided.
  • the medium cooling unit 11 , the multiple external circulation pumps 12 arranged in parallel, and the equipment cooling unit are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a loop.
  • the inlet ends of the multiple external circulation pumps 12 are connected through pipelines, and the outlet ends are connected through pipelines, so that the multiple external circulation pumps 12 are arranged side by side in the main circulation system 10 .
  • Multiple external circulation pumps 12 are provided to increase the power provided to the medium circulation to ensure stable circulation of the medium.
  • two pumps are arranged in parallel in the main circulation system 10 .
  • the liquid cooling system also includes a control end 50 and a pipeline monitoring sensor 15.
  • the pipeline monitoring sensor 15 is located on the main circulation system 10.
  • the pipeline monitoring sensor 15 and the first electric valve 22 Both are connected to the control end 50 , and the control end 50 controls the first electric valve 22 according to the monitoring information of the pipeline monitoring sensor 15 .
  • the pipeline detection sensor is used to monitor various data of the main circulation system 10 to ensure safe and stable circulation of the medium in the main circulation system 10.
  • the pipeline monitoring sensor 15 includes an equipment outlet temperature sensor, equipment Outlet flow sensor, equipment outlet pressure sensor, equipment inlet temperature sensor, equipment inlet flow sensor, equipment inlet pressure sensor, pressure sensor after the pump and pressure sensor before the pump to respectively monitor the temperature, flow and pressure of the equipment outlet, as well as the equipment inlet. temperature, flow rate, pressure, as well as the pressure at the outlet end and the pressure at the inlet end of the external circulation pump 12.
  • the control terminal 50 is wired or wirelessly connected to the pipeline monitoring sensor 15 to obtain monitoring data.
  • these monitoring data can be displayed through the display panel, and the liquid cooling system can be controlled based on these data to ensure circulation.
  • the main system 10 operates safely and stably.
  • the medium is supplemented to pressurize when the pressure is too low, and the medium is discharged to relieve pressure when the pressure is too high, so as to maintain the balance of the pressure in the main circulation system 10. , to ensure the safe and stable operation of the main circulation system 10.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a control method for the liquid cooling system, including step S100, step S210 and step S220.
  • the pressure is measured through the aforementioned pipeline monitoring sensors 15, such as the equipment outlet pressure sensor, the equipment inlet pressure sensor, the pressure sensor behind the pump, and the pressure sensor in front of the pump.
  • the pressure here can be a collection of pressures monitored at multiple locations, or it can be multiple The average value of the pressure monitored at each location.
  • the minimum pressure is used as the pressure here.
  • the pressure in the liquid tank 21 is balanced.
  • the fluid replacement pipeline 40 is provided with a fluid replacement valve 42, it is also necessary to ensure that the fluid replacement valve 42 is in an open state, either manually or electronically.
  • the liquid cooling system also includes a pressure relief subsystem 30.
  • the pressure relief subsystem 30 includes a second electric valve 34 and a pressure relief pipeline 33.
  • the pressure relief pipeline 33 The first end of is connected to the main circulation system 10, and the second electric valve 34 is provided on the pressure relief pipeline 33.
  • the control method also includes steps S230 and S240.
  • the pressure balance in the main circulation system 10 can be maintained to ensure the stable operation of the main circulation system 10.
  • the pressure is a collection of pressures monitored at multiple locations, during the pressure relief process, the maximum pressure is used as the pressure here.
  • the step of controlling the opening of the second electric valve 34 includes: S231, determine the opening of the second electric valve 34 according to the pressure, and control the opening of the second electric valve 34 to the opening degree. . In this way, the process of pressure relief is accurately controlled and excessive discharge of high-pressure medium is avoided during the pressure relief process.
  • the pressure relief subsystem 30 includes a safety valve 31, a throttle pipe 32 and a pressure relief pipeline 33, the structure of which is referred to the above.
  • the safety valve 31 and the throttle pipe 32 are used to avoid the discharge of a large amount of high-pressure medium during the pressure relief process and ensure stable pressure relief.
  • the medium in the fluid replenishment tank can be extracted through the fluid replenishment pump, and the medium can be replenished to the main circulation system.
  • the medium can be replenished through the pressure balance pipeline. Intake air to ensure the air pressure balance of the fluid replenishment tank.
  • the pressure balance pipeline is disconnected through the first electric valve, thereby preventing external moisture or impurities from entering the fluid replenishment tank, preventing contamination of the medium, and preventing the fluid replenishment tank from entering. Storage media dissipation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种液冷系统及其控制方法，适用于散热领域。液冷系统包括：循环主系统，循环主系统包括由介质冷却单元、外循环泵以及设备冷却单元通过管道依序连接形成的回路；以及增压子系统和补液管路，增压子系统包括第一电动阀、补液箱、补液泵以及压力平衡管路，补液箱通过补液管路连接于循环主系统，补液管路上设有补液泵，补液箱还连接有压力平衡管路，第一电动阀设于压力平衡管路上，以控制压力平衡管路的开断。

Description

液冷系统及其控制方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求享有2022年09月23日提交的名称为“液冷系统及其控制方法”的中国专利申请CN202211170946.3的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及散热领域，尤其涉及一种液冷系统及其控制方法。
背景技术
随着电子行业的发展，服务器、交换机等设备逐渐增多，为了保证设备的持续高性能运行，需要对设备进行散热。为了积极推动经济绿色低碳转型和可持续发展，在信息和通信技术产业中的散热方案加快了液冷技术研究和部署，液冷散热技术通过介质循环来对设备进行散热，其相较于其他散热方案来说更为节能和环保。
发明内容
本公开提供了一种液冷系统及其控制方法。
第一方面，本公开提供了一种液冷系统，包括：循环主系统，所述循环主系统包括由介质冷却单元、外循环泵以及设备冷却单元通过管道依序连接形成的回路，所述介质冷却单元冷却所述循环主系统的介质，所述设备冷却单元吸收设备散发的热量；以及增压子系统和补液管路，所述增压子系统包括第一电动阀、补液箱、补液泵以及压力平衡管路，所述补液箱通过所述补液管路连接于所述循环主系统，所述补液管路上设有补液泵，所述补液箱还连接有所述压力平衡管路，第一电动阀设于所述压力平衡管路上，以控制所述压力平衡管路的开断。
第二方面，本公开还提供了一种液冷系统的控制方法，包括：获取所述循环主系统的压力；在所述压力低于第一设定压力值的情况下，控制所述第一电动阀打开，控制所述补液泵打开，以对所述循环主系统进行补液；以及在所述压力不低于所述第一设定压力值的情况下，控制所述补液泵关闭，控制所述第一电动阀关闭。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例或相关技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或相关技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开 的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1是本公开一实施例提供的液冷系统的结构示意图；
图2是本公开另一实施例提供的液冷系统的结构示意图；
图3是本公开实施例提供的液冷系统的控制方法的流程图之一；
图4是本公开实施例提供的液冷系统的控制方法的流程图之二；以及
图5是本公开实施例提供的液冷系统的控制方法的流程图之三。
附图标号说明：10：循环主系统；11：介质冷却单元；12：外循环泵；13：脱气装置；14：膨胀罐；15：管路监测传感器；20：增压子系统；21：补液箱；22：第一电动阀；23：压力平衡管路；24：干燥过滤器；25：补液泵；30：泄压子系统；31：安全阀；32：节流管；33：泄压管路；34：第二电动阀；35：介质回收装置；40：补液管路；41：纯化模块；42：补液阀；50：控制端。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
需要说明，本公开实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
还需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件上时，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者可能同时存在居中元件。当一个元件被称为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接另一个元件或者也可以是通过居中元件间接连接另一个元件。
另外，在本公开中涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本公开要求的保护范围之内。
目前，在采用液冷散热系统的过程中，需要保证系统内压力值的适当和稳定，一方面需要避免系统压力过低造成的泵气蚀风险，另一方面也需要避免压力过高，引起整个系统 运行风险问题。因此，在液冷散热系统压力过低时需要进行补液增压，在液冷散热系统压力过高时则需要进行排液泄压。
但是，相关的液冷散热系统中，其补液箱与外界空气连通，如此则会导致空气中的水分和杂质进入液冷散热系统，致使整个系统的散热效果变差，并且，补液箱在不进行密封的情况下，还会导致存储的介质耗散。
由于液冷散热系统是通过介质循环来对设备进行散热的，在系统运行的过程中，液冷散热系统的压力过低时，需要对液冷散热系统内补充介质，以补液增压，保证系统内压力的适当和稳定，对此，本公开给出的液冷系统及其控制方法，可通过增压子系统对循环主系统进行补液增压。
如图1和图2所示，本公开实施例提供的液冷系统，包括：循环主系统10、增压子系统20以及补液管路40。循环主系统10为介质的循环回路，增压子系统20则可通过补液管路40为循环主系统10补充介质，以增加循环主系统10内的压力。需知的是，此处所说的介质可以是氟化液、去离子水或醇基溶液等冷却介质。
循环主系统10包括由介质冷却单元11、外循环泵12以及设备冷却单元通过管道依序连接形成的回路，介质冷却单元11冷却循环主系统10的介质，设备冷却单元吸收设备散发的热量。
介质冷却单元11可以是换热器，通过与外部的热交换对介质实现降温，保证介质在循环过程中对设备进行冷却，可选地，可以通过风冷对介质冷却单元11内的介质降温，或通过水冷对介质冷却单元11内的介质降温，本公开不作限制。另外，设备冷却单元是设置于设备内的，其也可是换热器，通过吸收设备散发的热量，以对设备进行冷却，可选地，该设备冷却单元可以为冷板式液冷结构、浸没式液冷结构或喷淋式液冷结构，本公开不作限制。另外，此处所说的设备可以为服务器、路由器、交换机、BBU等设备，不作限制。
在循环主系统10中，介质通过外循环泵12在回路中循环流动，以不断的对设备进行冷却，本公开中，介质的流动方向不作限制，只要实现循环即可，可选地，循环主系统10中的介质沿设备冷却单元、外循环泵12以及介质冷却单元11依次循环流动。
另外，在增压子系统20中，增压子系统20包括第一电动阀22、补液箱21、补液泵25以及压力平衡管路23，补液箱21通过补液管路40连接于循环主系统10，补液管路40上设有补液泵25，补液箱21还连接有压力平衡管路23，第一电动阀22设于压力平衡管路23上，以控制压力平衡管路23的开断。
补液箱21内储存有介质，其自身设置有压力平衡口、加液口、排液口以及补液口。压力平衡口用作连接压力平衡管路23。加液口用作补充介质，可以通过阀门或盖体开闭，或者，在其他实施例中，该加液口即为压力平衡口，通过压力平衡管路23既实现内外压力平 衡，在需要加液时又可进行加液。排液口用作排出介质，可以通过阀门或盖体开闭。补液口则通过补液管路40连接于循环主系统10，通过补液泵25以对循环主系统10补充介质。可选的，压力平衡口和加液口设于补液箱21的顶部，排液口和补液口则设于补液箱21侧壁的底部。
此处的补液泵25可根据液冷系统的介质类型进行选择，可以是机械泵，也可是屏蔽泵，不作限制。
第一电动阀22可通过电控打开或关闭以控制压力平衡管路23的开断，在第一电动阀22打开的情况下，压力平衡管路23开通，使得补液箱21与外界连通，在第一电动阀22关闭的情况下，压力平衡管路23断开，使得补液箱21与外界隔绝。
本实施例中，在循环主系统10需要补液的情况下，可通过补液泵25抽取补液箱21内的介质，对循环主系统10补充介质，在第一电动阀22打开后，可通过压力平衡管路23进气，保证补液箱21气压平衡，而在无需补液的情况下，通过第一电动阀22断开压力平衡管路23，从而可避免外界水分或杂质进入补液箱21内，避免污染介质，同时避免补液箱21内存储的介质耗散。
如图1和图2所示，本公开一些可选实施例中，增压子系统20还包括干燥过滤器24，干燥过滤器24设于压力平衡管路23上，干燥过滤器24位于第一电动阀22和补液箱21之间，干燥过滤器24干燥通过压力平衡管路23的空气。
在对循环主系统10补液增压的过程中，第一电动阀22打开，补液箱21连通外界，空气沿压力平衡管路23流入补液箱21内，以确保补液箱21内压力恒定，而空气中往往会夹带水分或杂质，这时，在空气流过的压力平衡管路23上设置干燥过滤器24，干燥过滤器24内会设有过滤网、分子筛、干燥剂等，可以过滤掉空气中的水分或杂质，避免对补液箱21内介质的污染。在其他实施例中，也可直接在压力平衡管路23内设置过滤网或填充干燥剂等，不作赘述。
在一些可选实施例中，可直接在补液箱21内设置滤网，介质经过滤网沉降在滤网下方，前述补液口则设于补液箱21底部的侧边，使得从补液口流出的介质是经过杂质过滤的，进一步减少流入循环主系统10的介质的杂质。
如图1和图2所示，本公开一些可选实施例中，该液冷系统还包括纯化模块41，纯化模块41设于补液管路40上，纯化模块41处理冷却介质中的杂质。
此处，纯化模块41是用作处理补充至循环主系统10内的介质的，如可以通过活性炭吸附，以过滤掉介质中的杂质，从而确保循环主系统10内流动的介质不会混入杂质，保证液冷系统的稳定工作。
本公开中，沿补液箱21至循环主系统10的方向，在补液管路40上依序设有补液泵 25和纯化模块41。可选地，在补液管路40上还设有补液阀42，以在无需补液的情况下，关闭该补液阀42，避免介质在补液箱21、补液管路40以及循环主系统10之间自由流动，可选的，沿补液箱21至循环主系统10的方向，在补液管路40上依序设有补液泵25、补液阀42以及纯化模块41。
另外，在又一些可选实施例中，在循环主系统10内也可设纯化模块41，如可以设置循环主系统10的管道上，以直接处理循环主系统10内流通的介质的杂质，该纯化模块41可以和前述处理补液管路40的纯化模块41为统一结构，也就是说，该纯化模块41一部分处理补液管路40中补充的介质的杂质，另一部分处理循环主系统10内流通的介质的杂质。
如图1和图2所示，本公开一些可选实施例中，循环主系统10还包括脱气装置13，介质冷却单元11、外循环泵12、脱气装置13以及设备冷却单元通过管路依序连接形成回路，补液管路40连接于脱气装置13，脱气装置13分离循环主系统10内的气体。
在循环主系统10中，为了保证循环主系统10内的介质充满整个回路，可通过脱气装置13，将介质和气体分离，如此有利于外循环泵12的可靠运行。脱气装置13包括脱气罐，其一端供介质进入，介质进入后，气体上浮，与介质分离，并可进一步通过抽真空装置对脱气罐内造成负压，使液体中溶解态气体全部释出，另一端则供介质排出，再次进入循环主系统10内进行循环。
本公开中，前述补液箱21通过补液管路40连接的是循环主系统10的脱气装置13，如此，从补液箱21补充的介质会首先进行介质和气体的分离，以确保补充进入回路循环的介质不会含有气体，使得介质能充满整个回路，保证外循环泵12的可靠运行。可选地，补液管路40连接脱气装置13的脱气罐的底部，以稳定的填充介质，并对介质进行气体分离。
在气体实施例中，补液箱21通过补液管路40也可直接连接循环主系统10的管道，以对循环主系统10的介质进行补充。
承接前述给出的脱气装置13，本公开一些可选实施例中，该液冷系统还包括膨胀罐14，膨胀罐14连接于脱气装置13，以接收脱气装置13内分离的气体，膨胀罐14缓冲稳压。
脱气装置13的脱气罐的顶部具有排气口，该排气口则通过排气管连接着膨胀罐14，这样，脱气装置13所分离的气体会沿着排气管进入膨胀罐14，以缓冲稳压，避免过快的排气对循环主系统10内的压力造成影响，保证液冷系统运行的压力平衡。另一方面，通过所设置的膨胀罐14也可避免外界空气与介质的接触，确保循环主系统10内的介质不会进入杂质。
在另一些可选实施例中，在脱气装置13的脱气罐的顶部的排气口可设排气阀，在脱气罐内分离处气体后，可直接顶开排气阀，将气体排出。
如图1和图2所示，本公开中，该液冷系统还包括泄压子系统30。在循环主系统10 内的压力过大时，可通过泄压子系统30排出介质，以确保循环主系统10内的压力平衡。
如图1所示，在一些可选的实施例中，泄压子系统30包括安全阀31、节流管32以及泄压管路33，泄压管路33的第一端连接于循环主系统10，安全阀31和节流管32设于泄压管路33上，安全阀31位于循环主系统10和节流管32之间，节流管32限制排出的介质的流量。
安全阀31可根据系统的安全压力进行设计，即在循环主系统10内的压力达到一定值的情况下，内部的介质会对该安全阀31产生压力，在该压力下安全阀31会打开，以将循环主系统10内的介质排出，实现泄压，在压力达到平衡的阈值内时，由于施加至安全阀31的压力减小，不足以打开安全阀31，安全阀31关闭，停止介质排出。如此无需人为操控，泄压准确方便。
并且，在安全阀31之后还设置有节流管32，可起到节流作用，避免在安全阀31打开泄压的过程中过多的高压介质排出，确保介质稳定缓速排出，从而最大限度的减少循环主系统10内介质因泄压产生损耗。可选的，该节流管32为减缩管、变径管等减小介质流通量、起到节流作用的装置。
如图2所示，在又一些可选实施例中，泄压子系统30包括第二电动阀34和泄压管路33，泄压管路33的第一端连接于循环主系统10，第二电动阀34设于泄压管路33上。
第二电动阀34可通过电控打开或关闭，在循环主系统10内压力过大时，可打开第二电动阀34实现泄压。并且，由于第二电动阀34的开度是可根据控制调节的，根据需要可将循环主系统10内的高压设为多个等级，每一等级对应第二电动阀34的一种开度，这样，在循环主系统10内压力过大泄压的过程中，在超过平衡的压力不大的情况下，第二电动阀34的开度较小，可稳定泄压，在超过平衡的的压力过大的情况下，第二电动阀34的开度也会变大，如此，实现精准控制泄压的过程，避免泄压过程中过多的高压介质排出。
承接上述，本公开一些可选实施例中，泄压子系统30还包括介质回收装置35，泄压管路33的第二端连接于介质回收装置35。
这样，循环主系统10内因泄压排出的介质可以通过介质回收装置35回收，以减少浪费，循环使用。
在又一些可选实施例中，泄压管路33的第二端可直接连接补液箱21，如连接补液箱21的补液口，这样，循环主系统10排出的介质直接回进入补液箱21，以待下次需要补液时进行补液，直接进行循环使用，以减少需要人工补液的情况。需知的是，为了确保补液箱21内压力平衡，可在对补液箱21补充介质时，同时打开第一电动阀22，此处，也就是泄压过程中，同时打开第一电动阀22。
如图1和图2所示，本公开中，外循环泵12至少设置一个，在一些可选实施例中，外 循环泵12的数量为多个，多个外循环泵12并列设置，介质冷却单元11、多个并列设置的外循环泵12以及设备冷却单元通过管路依序连接形成回路。
多个外循环泵12的进口端通过管路相连接，出口端通过管路相连接，以使得多个外循环泵12并列设置在循环主系统10内。通过设置多个外循环泵12以增加提供给加介质循环的动力，确保介质稳定的循环。可选地，循环主系统10内为双泵并列设置。
如图1和图2所示，另外，液冷系统还包括控制端50和管路监测传感器15，管路监测传感器15设于循环主系统10上，管路监测传感器15和第一电动阀22均连接于控制端50，控制端50根据管路监测传感器15的监测信息对第一电动阀22进行控制。
管路检测传感器用作监测循环主系统10的各种数据，以确保循环主系统10内介质安全稳定的循环，本公开一些可选实施例中，管路监测传感器15包括设备出口温度传感器、设备出口流量传感器、设备出口压力传感器、设备入口温度传感器、设备入口流量传感器、设备入口压力传感器、泵后压力传感器以及泵前压力传感器，以分别监测设备出口的温度、流量、压力，以及设备入口的温度、流量、压力，以及外循环泵12出口端的压力和入口端的压力。
控制端50则与管路监测传感器15有线或无线连接，以获取监测的数据，可选地，可以通过显示面板对这些监测数据进行显示，根据这些数据以对该液冷系统进行控制，保证循环主系统10安全稳定的运行。本实施例中，通过监测循环主系统10各个位置的压力，在压力过低的情况下补充介质增压，在压力过高的情况下排出介质泄压，以维持循环主系统10内压力的平衡，确保循环主系统10安全稳定的运行。
如图3所示，基于前述液冷系统，本公开实施例还给出了该液冷系统的控制方法，包括步骤S100、步骤S210以及步骤S220。
S100，获取循环主系统10的压力。压力是通过前述管路监测传感器15，如设备出口压力传感器、设备入口压力传感器、泵后压力传感器以及泵前压力传感器，此处的压力可以是多个位置监测的压力的集合，也可以是多个位置监测的压力的平均值。本公开实施例中，在压力为多个位置监测的压力的集合的情况下，在增压过程中，以最小压力作为此处的压力。
S210，在压力低于第一设定压力值的情况下，控制第一电动阀22打开，控制补液泵25打开，以对循环主系统10进行补液。在补液过程中，随着补液箱21液位的降低，补液箱21内的压力也会降低，当压力低于外部环境压力时，空气会沿着压力平衡管路23经过第一电动阀22，然后经过前述干燥过滤器24，去除水分和杂质，最后经过处理的干燥洁净的空气进入补液箱21，保证补液过程中的补液箱21的压力平衡。可选地，在压力低于第一设定压力值的情况下，先控制第一电动阀22打开，然后控制补液泵25打开，以确保补 液箱21内压力平衡。另外，在补液管路40上设有补液阀42的情况下，还需确保补液阀42处于打开状态，手动和电控均可。
S220，在压力不低于第一设定压力值的情况下，控制补液泵25关闭，控制第一电动阀22关闭。此时，循环主系统10内压力达到平衡状态，停止补液，关闭第一电动阀22，可以有效隔补液箱21内的介质受外部环境的影响，避免补液箱21内的介质的挥发。另外，在补液管路40上设有补液阀42的情况下，可根据需要关闭补液阀42。
如图4所示，此外，在一些可选实施例中，液冷系统还包括泄压子系统30，泄压子系统30包括第二电动阀34和泄压管路33，泄压管路33的第一端连接于循环主系统10，第二电动阀34设于泄压管路33上，控制方法还包括步骤S230以及步骤S240。
S230，在压力高于第二设定压力值的情况下，控制第二电动阀34打开。
S240，在压力不高于第二设定压力值的情况下，控制第二电动阀34关闭。
结合前述的增压子系统20，如此以维持循环主系统10内压力的平衡，确保循环主系统10稳定的工作。本公开实施例中，在压力为多个位置监测的压力的集合的情况下，在泄压过程中，以最大压力作为此处的压力。
如图5所示，在可选的实施例中，控制第二电动阀34打开的步骤包括：S231，根据压力，确定第二电动阀34的开度，控制第二电动阀34打开至开度。如此，实现精准控制泄压的过程，避免泄压过程中过多的高压介质排出。
在另一些可选实施例中，泄压子系统30包括安全阀31、节流管32以及泄压管路33，其结构参考前述。通过安全阀31和节流管32，以避免泄压过程大量高压介质排出，确保稳定泄压。
本公开提供的液冷系统，在循环主系统需要补液的情况下，可通过补液泵抽取补液箱内的介质，对循环主系统补充介质，在第一电动阀打开后，可通过压力平衡管路进气，保证补液箱气压平衡，而在无需补液的情况下，通过第一电动阀断开压力平衡管路，从而可避免外界水分或杂质进入补液箱内，避免污染介质，同时避免补液箱内存储的介质耗散。
以上所述仅为本公开的可选实施例，并非因此限制本公开的专利范围，凡是在本公开的公开构思下，利用本公开说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本公开的专利保护范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种液冷系统，包括：
    循环主系统，所述循环主系统包括由介质冷却单元、外循环泵以及设备冷却单元通过管道依序连接形成的回路，所述介质冷却单元冷却所述循环主系统的介质，所述设备冷却单元吸收设备散发的热量；以及
    增压子系统和补液管路，所述增压子系统包括第一电动阀、补液箱、补液泵以及压力平衡管路，所述补液箱通过所述补液管路连接于所述循环主系统，所述补液管路上设有补液泵，所述补液箱还连接有所述压力平衡管路，所述第一电动阀设于所述压力平衡管路上，以控制所述压力平衡管路的开断。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的液冷系统，其中，所述增压子系统还包括干燥过滤器，所述干燥过滤器设于所述压力平衡管路上，所述干燥过滤器位于所述第一电动阀和所述补液箱之间，所述干燥过滤器干燥通过所述压力平衡管路的空气。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的液冷系统，还包括纯化模块，所述纯化模块设于所述补液管路上，所述纯化模块处理介质中的杂质。
  4. 如权利要求1至3任一项所述的液冷系统，其中，所述循环主系统还包括脱气装置，所述介质冷却单元、所述外循环泵、所述脱气装置以及所述设备冷却单元通过管道依序连接形成所述回路，所述补液管路连接于所述脱气装置，所述脱气装置分离所述循环主系统内的气体。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的液冷系统，还包括膨胀罐，所述膨胀罐连接于所述脱气装置，以接收所述脱气装置内分离的气体，所述膨胀罐缓冲稳压。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的液冷系统，还包括泄压子系统，所述泄压子系统包括安全阀、节流管以及泄压管路，所述泄压管路的第一端连接于所述循环主系统，所述安全阀和所述节流管设于所述泄压管路上，所述安全阀位于所述循环主系统和所述节流管之间，所述节流管限制排出的介质的流量。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的液冷系统，还包括泄压子系统，所述泄压子系统包括第二电动阀和泄压管路，所述泄压管路的第一端连接于所述循环主系统，所述第二电动阀设于所述泄压管路上。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的液冷系统，其中，所述泄压子系统还包括介质回收装置，所述泄压管路的第二端连接于所述介质回收装置。
  9. 如权利要求1至3任一项所述的液冷系统，其中，所述外循环泵的数量为多个，多个所述外循环泵并列设置，所述介质冷却单元、多个并列设置的所述外循环泵以及所述设备冷却单元通过管道依序连接形成所述回路。
  10. 如权利要求1至3任一项所述的液冷系统，还包括控制端和管路监测传感器，所述管路监测传感器设于所述循环主系统上，所述管路监测传感器和所述第一电动阀均连接于所述控制端，所述控制端根据所述管路监测传感器的监测信息对所述第一电动阀进行控制。
  11. 一种如权利要求1至10任一项所述的液冷系统的控制方法，包括：
    获取所述循环主系统的压力；
    在所述压力低于第一设定压力值的情况下，控制所述第一电动阀打开，控制所述补液泵打开，以对所述循环主系统进行补液；以及
    在所述压力不低于所述第一设定压力值的情况下，控制所述补液泵关闭，控制所述第一电动阀关闭。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的液冷系统的控制方法，其中，所述液冷系统还包括泄压子系统，所述泄压子系统包括第二电动阀和泄压管路，所述泄压管路的第一端连接于所述循环主系统，所述第二电动阀设于所述泄压管路上，所述控制方法还包括：
    在所述压力高于第二设定压力值的情况下，控制所述第二电动阀打开；以及
    在所述压力不高于所述第二设定压力值的情况下，控制所述第二电动阀关闭。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的液冷系统的控制方法，其中，所述控制所述第二电动阀打开的步骤包括：
    根据所述压力，确定所述第二电动阀的开度，控制所述第二电动阀打开至所述开度。
PCT/CN2023/085416 2022-09-23 2023-03-31 液冷系统及其控制方法 WO2024060570A1 (zh)

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