WO2024056487A1 - Élément de batterie, batterie haute tension et véhicule automobile - Google Patents

Élément de batterie, batterie haute tension et véhicule automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024056487A1
WO2024056487A1 PCT/EP2023/074452 EP2023074452W WO2024056487A1 WO 2024056487 A1 WO2024056487 A1 WO 2024056487A1 EP 2023074452 W EP2023074452 W EP 2023074452W WO 2024056487 A1 WO2024056487 A1 WO 2024056487A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery cell
housing
cell housing
connection contact
battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/074452
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Alig
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2024056487A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024056487A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
    • H01M50/333—Spring-loaded vent valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a battery cell, a high-voltage battery with several battery cells and a motor vehicle with such a high-voltage battery.
  • High-voltage batteries that have a large number of battery cells are used in electrically powered motor vehicles such as electric vehicles, hybrid or plug-in hybrid vehicles. Due to the high energy density that can be achieved, lithium-ion battery cells in particular are used in motor vehicles.
  • the battery cells are connected to form larger units.
  • the battery cells are connected to form modules and then the modules are connected to form the entire energy storage system.
  • the battery cells can be connected directly to one another to form an electrical energy storage device.
  • a galvanic connection of the cells is usually carried out via designated connection contacts on the housing.
  • these connection contacts are usually arranged directly on the housing, for example on a cover of the housing. It is also possible for the housing itself to be used as a connection contact, with the other connection contact then being arranged galvanically isolated on the housing.
  • the connection contacts are connected to the electrodes of an electrode unit arranged in the battery cell, which is designed, for example, as an electrode coil (jelly roll) or electrode stack.
  • connection contacts are typically made by soldering or welding processes such as laser welding, friction stir welding, resistance spot welding or similar processes.
  • the cover of the housing is typically welded onto the housing.
  • the welding processes have the disadvantage that particles can be created during welding, which can have a negative impact on the long-term stability of the battery cell or even lead to a short circuit within the cell. Furthermore, welding can lead to undesirable heat input into the electrode unit.
  • One problem to be solved is therefore to provide an improved battery cell which is characterized in particular by improved long-term stability and low manufacturing costs.
  • the battery cell has an electrode unit which has a first connection contact of a first polarity and a second connection contact of a second polarity.
  • the first connection contact is connected to a negative electrode of the electrode unit and the second connection contact is connected to a positive electrode of the electrode unit, or vice versa.
  • the electrode unit is designed, for example, as an electrode roll (jelly roll) or electrode stack.
  • the battery cell is in particular a secondary battery.
  • the battery cell can in particular be a lithium-ion battery cell.
  • the battery cell has a preferably solid battery cell housing that can, for example, essentially have the shape of a cuboid or a cylinder.
  • the battery cell is a prismatic battery cell and in the second case it is a cylindrical battery cell, also called a round cell.
  • the battery cell housing can in particular have aluminum or steel. Alternatively, it is possible for the battery cell housing to have a plastic.
  • the electrode unit of the battery cell is arranged in the battery cell housing.
  • the first connection contact and/or the second connection contact is guided through an opening in the battery cell housing to an outside of the battery cell housing and is non-positively fixed in the opening by means of a spring clip. Because the first connection contact and/or the second connection contact is fixed in an opening of the battery cell housing by means of a spring clip, a welding process for producing an electrical connection of the first and/or the second connection contact to an outside of the battery cell housing can in particular be dispensed with. In this way, the risk of particles being created that could affect the long-term stability of the battery cell is reduced During production, heat input into the battery cell is avoided through a welding process.
  • the first connection contact and/or the second connection contact in particular does not have a material connection to the battery cell housing.
  • the fixation of the first connection contact and/or the second connection contact in the opening of the housing can be removed in a comparatively simple manner by loosening the spring clip.
  • the spring clip is arranged on a cover of the battery cell housing.
  • the cover of the battery cell housing has a spring clip in which the first connection contact is fixed.
  • the cover can have a further spring clip in which the second connection contact is fixed.
  • the lid is made of a flexible material, for example a plastic.
  • the plastic can be a film, for example. Suitable films, such as those used for producing pouch cells, are known to those skilled in the art.
  • the cover made of a flexible material makes it possible, in particular, to enlarge an opening in the cover by applying force when producing the battery cell or to reduce it by removing the force in order to fix the first connection contact and/or the second connection contact in the opening.
  • the cover is glued to a housing base body of the battery cell housing. In this way, a soldering or welding process for connecting the cover to the housing base body of the battery cell housing can be avoided. The risk of particles being created and the heat input into the battery cell housing during the manufacturing process are further reduced.
  • the battery cell housing is sealed in a gas-tight manner by means of the spring clip.
  • sealed gas-tight here means that under normal operating conditions of the battery cell, gases, in particular gases from an electrolyte contained in the battery cell, cannot escape to the outside through the spring clamp.
  • the spring clip is designed to open the battery cell housing when a critical pressure in the battery cell housing is exceeded. This reduces the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell and thus increases safety.
  • the spring clip has the function of a pressure relief valve for the battery cell in addition to its function as a fixation of the at least one connection contact. In this embodiment, it is advantageously possible for the battery cell housing to have no pressure relief valve or cell vent apart from the spring terminal. The manufacturing effort and costs of the battery cell are reduced in this way.
  • the battery cell housing advantageously has a base which is screwed to a base body of the battery cell housing.
  • the electrode unit can be easily removed by loosening the screw connection to remove the base. This further improves the recyclability of the battery cell.
  • a high-voltage battery with several of the battery cells described herein and a motor vehicle with such a high-voltage battery are also proposed.
  • the high-voltage battery can, for example, provide a voltage of at least 60V, preferably at least 400V or at least 800V.
  • the high-voltage battery can in particular be provided as a traction battery of an at least partially electrically driven motor vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 shows a battery cell according to an exemplary embodiment in cross section
  • Fig. 2 shows a battery cell according to a further exemplary embodiment in cross section.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a battery cell 1 in a section parallel to the transverse side.
  • the battery cell 1 has a prismatic battery cell housing 3.
  • the battery cell housing 3 has a rectangular base area and is essentially cuboid-shaped.
  • the battery cell housing 3 can be designed as a round cell, ie in a cylindrical shape.
  • the battery cell housing 3 forms a mechanically strong jacket for an electrode unit 2 of the battery cell 1 arranged therein.
  • the electrode unit 2 can be present, for example, as an electrode stack or electrode coil.
  • the battery cell housing 3 may comprise a metal such as aluminum or steel. It is possible for the battery cell housing 3 to have an electrically insulating coating at least in some areas.
  • the battery cell housing 3 has, for example, a housing base body 31, a cover 32 and a base 33.
  • a first connection contact 6 and a second connection contact 7 are provided.
  • the first connection contact 6 is connected to the positive electrode and the second connection contact 7 is connected to the negative electrode of the electrode unit.
  • the first connection contact 6 and the second connection contact 7 are arranged one behind the other when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and are therefore not visible individually.
  • the structure of the first connection contact 6 and the second connection contact 7 can be identical.
  • the first and/or the second connection contact 6, 7 are each designed in particular as a contact lug which is led out of the battery cell housing 3.
  • the first connection contact 6 and/or the second connection contact 7, preferably both the first connection contact 6 and the second connection contact 7, are led out of the cover 32 of the battery cell housing 3 and fixed in the battery cell housing 3 by means of a spring clip 5.
  • the first and/or the second connection contact 6, 7 are non-positively fixed in the battery cell housing 3 by the spring clip 5.
  • the first connection contact 6 and/or the second connection contact 7 in particular do not have a material connection to the battery cell housing 3. This has the advantage that, in particular, processes for producing a cohesive connection, such as welding processes, which cause thermal stress on the battery cell 1 due to high heat input, can be dispensed with. In addition, disassembly of the battery cell 1 is simplified in this way and thus improves the recyclability of the battery cell 1.
  • the spring clip 5 is arranged on the cover 32 of the battery cell housing 3.
  • the cover 32 of the battery cell housing 3 is made of a flexible material.
  • the flexible material is, for example, a plastic, in particular a film, or a metal that is sufficiently thin to achieve the required flexibility.
  • the spring clip 5 can be opened or closed. This makes it easy to fix the connection contacts 6, 7 when recycling the battery cell.
  • the cover 32 is preferably glued to the housing base body 31.
  • the spring clip 5 fixes the connection contacts 6, 7 on the battery cell housing 3 and closes the battery cell housing 3 in a gas-tight manner.
  • “sealed gas-tight” means in particular that under normal operating conditions of the battery cell 1, no gas can escape from the battery cell 1 and/or enter the battery cell 1.
  • the spring clamp 5 can be set up to allow gas to escape from the battery cell 1 when there is a critical excess pressure in the battery cell 1.
  • a spring force of the spring clamp 5 is set such that gas can escape from the battery cell 1 when a critical pressure, which arises, for example, in the event of thermal runaway in the battery cell 1, is exceeded. This improves the safety of the battery cell 1.
  • a cell vent can advantageously be dispensed with, which reduces the manufacturing effort for the battery cell.
  • FIG. 1 A second exemplary embodiment of the battery cell 1 is shown schematically in FIG.
  • This exemplary embodiment differs from the first exemplary embodiment in that the cover 32 of the battery cell housing 3 is made of a solid material, for example aluminum or steel.
  • the spring clip 5 is firmly attached to the cover 32 and fixes the connection contacts 6, 7 below the cover 32 in a non-positive manner,
  • the bottom 33 of the battery cell housing 2 is connected to the housing base body 31 by a screw connection.
  • the bottom 33 can be removed in a comparatively simple manner to remove the electrode unit 2, for example when recycling the battery cell.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention spécifie un élément de batterie (1) comprenant une unité d'électrode (2) possédant un premier contact de borne (6) d'une première polarisation et un second contact de borne (7) d'une seconde polarisation, et un logement d'élément de batterie (3) dans lequel l'unité d'électrode (2) est agencée, le premier contact de borne (6) et/ou le second contact de borne (7) étant passés à travers une ouverture dans le logement d'élément de batterie (3) vers un côté extérieur du logement d'élément de batterie (3) et fixés par ajustement de force au logement d'élément de batterie (3) au moyen d'une pince à ressort (5).
PCT/EP2023/074452 2022-09-14 2023-09-06 Élément de batterie, batterie haute tension et véhicule automobile WO2024056487A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022123447.9A DE102022123447A1 (de) 2022-09-14 2022-09-14 Batteriezelle, Hochvoltbatterie und Kraftfahrzeug
DE102022123447.9 2022-09-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024056487A1 true WO2024056487A1 (fr) 2024-03-21

Family

ID=88060549

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2023/074452 WO2024056487A1 (fr) 2022-09-14 2023-09-06 Élément de batterie, batterie haute tension et véhicule automobile

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102022123447A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024056487A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0833396A1 (fr) * 1996-09-26 1998-04-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Structure d'étanchéité pour une pièce terminale dans une pile secundaire étanche
DE102014100899A1 (de) * 2014-01-27 2015-07-30 Elringklinger Ag Abdichtelement, Gehäuse, elektrochemische Zelle und Verfahren zum Abdichten einer elektrochemischen Zelle

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0498267U (fr) 1991-01-21 1992-08-25

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0833396A1 (fr) * 1996-09-26 1998-04-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Structure d'étanchéité pour une pièce terminale dans une pile secundaire étanche
DE102014100899A1 (de) * 2014-01-27 2015-07-30 Elringklinger Ag Abdichtelement, Gehäuse, elektrochemische Zelle und Verfahren zum Abdichten einer elektrochemischen Zelle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102022123447A1 (de) 2024-03-14

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