WO2024050992A1 - 一种用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置 - Google Patents

一种用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024050992A1
WO2024050992A1 PCT/CN2022/134675 CN2022134675W WO2024050992A1 WO 2024050992 A1 WO2024050992 A1 WO 2024050992A1 CN 2022134675 W CN2022134675 W CN 2022134675W WO 2024050992 A1 WO2024050992 A1 WO 2024050992A1
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Prior art keywords
wedge
seat
skid
block
shaped
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴茁
秦强
张赛
于忠建
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CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd
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CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
    • B60L13/04—Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, and in particular to a skid device used for normally guiding high-speed vehicles.
  • High-speed maglev vehicles can supplement the product lineage of rail vehicles with speeds above 400km/h.
  • the Changdao high-speed maglev vehicle is an important direction for the development of high-speed maglev vehicles. It is characterized by the fact that there are no wheels as a connecting component between the vehicle and the track. Therefore, the skid, which is a support component of the unsuspended vehicle, has become an indispensable component of the Changdao high-speed maglev vehicle.
  • the existing skid device has a simple structure and a single function, and does not have the function of buffering impacts.
  • the slider is too small to meet the needs of emergency braking at high speeds. Therefore, a specially designed skid device suitable for normal driving needs to be designed. Skid device for high-speed maglev vehicles.
  • the present invention aims to provide a conventional high-speed maglev vehicle with a device that can contact the track in the non-levitation state of the vehicle to support the vehicle and provide braking.
  • the device leaves the track when the vehicle is in the floating state, and the vehicle is in normal condition It does not come into contact with the track during the movement.
  • the vehicle falls off and the skid comes into contact with the track.
  • the friction between the skid and the track can provide braking force to the vehicle.
  • the skid structure itself can provide buffering for the impact of the vehicle falling off. .
  • a skid device for regular high-speed vehicles including a connecting mechanism, a skid base and a skid main device;
  • the connecting mechanism is used to connect the suspension frame and the sliding base
  • the slide main device is installed on the bottom of the slide seat, and the slide main device includes: a buffer device;
  • the buffer device includes: laminated springs arranged vertically.
  • multiple groups of the laminated springs are arranged transversely along the sliding seat, and/or multiple groups of the laminated springs are arranged longitudinally along the sliding seat.
  • the buffer device further includes: a limiting column
  • the limiting column is arranged at the central axis of the laminated spring, and the limiting column is provided with a threaded hole that is connected and matched with the screw rod.
  • the slide body device further includes: a dust ring;
  • the dust ring is sleeved around the laminated spring with a gap.
  • the slide body device further includes: a body seat and a friction block;
  • the main body seat is installed on the bottom of the sliding seat
  • the laminated spring is arranged on the upper side of the main body seat, and the friction block is arranged on the lower side of the main body seat;
  • the slide body device further includes: a heat insulation plate;
  • the heat insulation plate is disposed between the main body seat and the friction block.
  • connection mechanism includes: a skid device connection piece and a wedge structure connection kit;
  • the wedge structure connection kit includes: wedge block, wedge seat and locking piece;
  • the sliding device connecting piece is used to fixedly connect the suspension frame and the wedge block, and the wedge block is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding seat;
  • the wedge-shaped block and the wedge-shaped seat are limitedly matched along the longitudinal direction of the slide seat through a wedge-shaped structure, and the wedge-shaped block and the wedge-shaped seat can move relative to each other along the transverse direction of the slide seat; the locking member The lateral relative movement of the wedge block and the wedge seat can be prevented.
  • the locking member includes: a splint
  • the splints are detachably connected to the wedge block, and the two splints are respectively located on both lateral sides of the wedge seat.
  • the splints can prevent the wedge seat from moving laterally relative to the wedge block.
  • the wedge-shaped structure connection kit further includes: a soft fixing block;
  • the wedge-shaped seat includes: a first wedge-shaped seat and a second wedge-shaped seat;
  • the first wedge-shaped seat and the second wedge-shaped seat are both fixed to the sliding seat and are respectively located on both longitudinal sides of the wedge-shaped block;
  • the longitudinal first side of the wedge block cooperates with the first wedge seat through a wedge structure, and the soft fixing block is located between the longitudinal second side of the wedge block and the second wedge seat;
  • the two splints press the lateral sides of the soft fixing block to deform the soft fixing block and compress the wedge-shaped block longitudinally.
  • the wedge structure connection kit further includes: a backing plate;
  • a plurality of the pad plates are arranged between the wedge seat and the sliding seat.
  • the skid device for normal guidance of high-speed vehicles provided by the present invention has good craftsmanship and is easy to install and disassemble through wedge-shaped structure connection in a small space; the laminated spring structure makes the skid
  • the device has good buffering ability against impact; the split friction block can partially replace damaged friction blocks, which is economical; the friction braking of the vehicle is shared by multiple friction blocks, which is smaller than the skid device of medium and low-speed maglev vehicles.
  • a single friction block can withstand more heat generated by friction braking and has better friction braking capability.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic assembly structure diagram of a skid device used for normally guiding high-speed vehicles according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic exploded structural view of a skid device used for normally guiding high-speed vehicles according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a skid device connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wedge-shaped structure connection kit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a skid base provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the main body device of the slide provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 is the sliding device connecting piece
  • 10 is the connecting piece body
  • 11 is the first connecting hole
  • 12 is the second connecting hole
  • 2 is a wedge-shaped structure connection kit, 21 is a splint, 22 is a wedge block, 23 is a soft fixed block, 24 is a first wedge seat, 25 is a second wedge seat, 26 is a backing plate, and 27 is a wire trough;
  • 3 is the skid seat, 30 is the seat body, 31 is the installation groove, 32 is the reinforcing rib, 33 is the skid device mounting surface, and 34 is the cover plate;
  • 4 is the main device of the slide, 41 is the dust ring, 42 is the limiting column, 43 is the laminated spring, 44 is the main body seat, 45 is the connecting pad, 46 is the heat insulation plate, and 47 is the friction block.
  • Suspension frame Including electromagnet modules, suspension frames, bolsters and various suspension parts, components that realize the functions of levitation, guidance, braking, traction and other functions of maglev trains.
  • Sliding rail The upper plane of the functional part. When running, the lower part of the maglev train body is suspended on the sliding rail. In the event of an accident, it directly bears the impact of the car body and bears the sliding friction of the supporting skid.
  • High-speed maglev vehicles can supplement the product lineage of rail vehicles with speeds above 400km/h.
  • the Changdao high-speed maglev vehicle is an important direction for the development of high-speed maglev vehicles. It is characterized by the fact that there are no wheels as a connecting component between the vehicle and the track. Therefore, the skid, which is a support component of the unsuspended vehicle, has become an indispensable component of the Changdao high-speed maglev vehicle. In addition to playing a supporting role, it also prevents the vehicle from sliding relative to the track when it is not suspended, and plays a braking role, so it needs to have a certain friction coefficient with the track.
  • the skid device used for normally guiding high-speed vehicles provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a connecting mechanism, a skid base 3 and a skid main device 4.
  • the structure thereof can be seen with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 6;
  • the connecting mechanism is used to connect the suspension frame (such as its air spring joist) and the skid base 3;
  • the skid main device 4 is installed on the bottom of the skid base 3.
  • the skid main device 4 includes: a buffer device;
  • the buffer device includes: laminated springs 43 arranged vertically, as shown in Figure 6 . It can be understood that the bottom and vertical directions in this embodiment are both vertical directions whose values are based on gravity.
  • the skid main device 4 at the bottom of the skid seat 3 has a buffer device and adopts laminated sheets arranged vertically.
  • the spring 43 makes the skid device have better buffering ability against impact.
  • multiple groups of laminated springs 41 are arranged transversely along the sliding base 3 , and/or multiple groups of laminated springs 41 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the sliding base 3 .
  • the buffering capacity against impact is improved, preferably evenly distributed.
  • two groups of laminated springs 41 are arranged horizontally and two groups of laminated springs 41 are arranged longitudinally, for a total of eight groups of laminated springs 41 .
  • the specific number and arrangement of the laminated springs 41 are determined according to the actual situation of the skid device, and it is appropriate to arrange as many laminated springs 41 as possible.
  • the laminated spring 43 of this solution is composed of a plurality of laminated spring sheets, and a through hole is provided in the center of each spring sheet.
  • the buffer device also includes: a limiting column 42, the structure of which can be seen in Figure 6;
  • the limiting column 42 is provided at the central axis through hole of the laminated spring 43, and the limiting column 42 is provided with a threaded hole that is connected and matched with the screw rod.
  • the limiting post 42 By providing the limiting post 42, multiple spring leaves in the laminated spring 43 are kept coaxial.
  • the limiting column 42 and the laminated spring 43 are located on the upper side of the main body seat 44, and the screw rod is located on the lower side of the main body seat 44.
  • the limiting column 42 and the limiting laminated spring 43 are screwed and fixed through the screw rod.
  • the skid main device 4 also includes: a dust ring 41, the structure of which can be seen in Figure 6;
  • the dust ring 41 has a gap and is placed around the radial direction of the laminated spring 43 to prevent external dust from entering and affecting the operation of the laminated spring 43 .
  • the main body device 4 of the slide also includes: a main body seat 44 and a friction block 47, the structure of which can be seen with reference to Figures 2 and 6;
  • the main body seat 44 is installed on the bottom of the sliding seat 3, and can be connected through pin structures on both sides of the longitudinal direction;
  • the laminated spring 43 is arranged on the upper side of the main body seat 44, and the friction block 47 is arranged on the lower side of the main body seat 44.
  • the upper side in this embodiment is the side close to the suspension frame, and the lower side is close to the suspension frame. frame one side of the sliding rail; then the dust ring 41, the limiting column 42 and the lamination spring 43 are pressed between the bottom of the slide seat 3 and the top of the main body seat 44;
  • the friction braking of the vehicle is shared by multiple friction blocks 47.
  • the split-structure friction block 47 can partially replace damaged friction blocks, which is economical.
  • the sled body device 4 also includes: a heat insulation plate 46, the structure of which can be seen with reference to Figure 6;
  • the heat insulation plate 46 is provided between the main body seat 44 and the friction block 47, and the heat insulation plate 46 can isolate the heat generated by friction braking.
  • connection mechanism of this embodiment includes: the skid device connection piece 1 and the wedge-shaped structure connection kit 2, the structure of which can be seen with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4;
  • the wedge structure connection kit 2 includes: wedge block 22, wedge seat and locking piece;
  • the skid device connector 1 is used to fixedly connect the suspension frame and the wedge block 22, which is fixedly connected to the top of the skid base 3; here the skid device connector 1 includes: a connector body 10, which is 10 is provided with a first connection hole 11 for screw connection with the suspension frame; the connector body 10 is also provided with a second connection hole 12 for screw connection with the wedge block 22;
  • the wedge-shaped block 22 and the wedge-shaped seat are limited and matched along the longitudinal direction of the sliding seat 3 through a wedge-shaped structure.
  • the wedge-shaped block 22 and the wedge-shaped seat can move relative to each other along the lateral direction of the sliding seat 3; the locking member can prevent the lateral movement of the wedge-shaped block 22 and the wedge-shaped seat. Relative movement to ensure the assembly state during work.
  • the wedge block 22 is fixed to the suspension frame through the skid device connector 1, and other components include the wedge structure connection kit 2 (except the wedge block 22), the skid seat 3 and the skid main device 4. The parts can be used as a whole.
  • the wedge seat and the wedge block 22 are laterally matched (assembled or disassembled) to replace the pre-assembled skid device to overcome the limited space under the car (especially vertically).
  • the operation is convenient and less difficult, and the replacement of the skid device can be quickly completed.
  • the locking member includes: a splint 21, the structure of which can be seen in Figure 4;
  • the splint 21 is detachably connected to the wedge block 22.
  • the two splints 21 are respectively located on both sides of the wedge seat.
  • the splint 21 can prevent the wedge seat from moving laterally relative to the wedge block 22.
  • the lower structure of the skid (i.e., the above-mentioned whole) and the connecting piece 1 of the skid device are fastened by the plywood on both sides 21. After the plywood 21 is removed, the lower structure of the skid can be pushed out laterally.
  • the detachable connection structure between the splint 21 and the wedge block 22 is operated in a transverse manner.
  • a transverse connection structure is adopted, here it is a transverse screw connection structure, and the screw joints can be loaded and unloaded laterally outside.
  • a wire groove 27 is provided on the transverse inner side of the splint 21 to facilitate the routing of relevant circuits; it is preferably arranged at an angle, which can increase the length of the connection with the circuit and make it more reliable.
  • the wedge-shaped structure connection kit 2 also includes: a soft fixing block 23, the structure of which can be seen in Figure 4;
  • the wedge-shaped seat includes: a first wedge-shaped seat 24 and a second wedge-shaped seat 25;
  • the first wedge-shaped seat 24 and the second wedge-shaped seat 25 are both fixed to the sliding seat 3 (which can be screwed here), and are respectively located on both longitudinal sides of the wedge-shaped block 22;
  • the first longitudinal side of the wedge block 22 (the right side in Figure 4) cooperates with the first wedge seat 24 through a wedge structure, and the soft fixing block 23 is located on the second longitudinal side of the wedge block 22 (the left side in Figure 4) and between the second wedge seats 25;
  • the two splints 21 squeeze the lateral sides of the soft fixing block 23 to deform the soft fixing block 23 and compress the wedge-shaped block 22 longitudinally. That is, by tightening the splints 21 on both sides, the soft fixing block 23 is extruded and deformed to eliminate the gap in the wedge-shaped connection structure.
  • the number of soft fixing blocks 23 is multiple, arranged in the transverse direction, with the hardness in the middle being smaller than that on both sides, so as to facilitate deformation at a specific position, matching the transverse central symmetry of the wedge-shaped structure, so that the longitudinal extrusion Pressure acts on optimal locations.
  • the wedge-shaped structure connection kit 2 also includes: a backing plate 26, the structure of which can be seen with reference to Figures 2 and 4;
  • the skid base 3 is provided with screw holes that match the backing plate 26 ; preferably, the top of the skid base 3 is provided with a mounting slot 31 , and the shape of the mounting slot 31 is consistent with the backing plate 26 and the wedge-shaped seat. To facilitate positioning and assembly, the above-mentioned screw holes are located in the installation groove 31 .
  • the number of connecting mechanisms is multiple to improve the reliability and stability of the connection. They are arranged at longitudinal intervals along the skid seat 3, as shown in Figures 1 to 3.
  • the skid device connector 1 and the wedge-shaped structure connection kit are shown in Figures 1 to 3. 2 can be three and evenly distributed; accordingly, the skid base 3 has an installation position that is meaningfully matched with multiple connecting mechanisms, such as the aforementioned installation slot 31, as shown in Figure 5; in order to reduce weight, the skid base 3 is In the hollow structure, reinforcing ribs 32 are provided between two adjacent installation positions to ensure strength, and a cover plate 34 is installed for sealing.
  • the skid device (Fig. 1) provided by the embodiment of the present invention for normally guiding high-speed vehicles mainly consists of four parts:
  • Serial number 1 is the skid device connector ( Figure 3), which is connected to the suspended overhead spring joist above the skid device through bolts.
  • the lower part provides an installation interface for the skid base and wedge-shaped connection kit, which is between the skid device and the suspension frame. Transition connectors;
  • Serial number 2 is a wedge-shaped structure connection kit ( Figure 4).
  • the lower structure of the skid is fastened to serial number 1 through plywood on both sides.
  • the connection kit contains a soft fixing block.
  • the soft fixing block is squeezed by tightening the plywood on both sides.
  • the deformation eliminates the gap between the skid substructure and No. 1.
  • the wedge-shaped connection structure is used to facilitate the installation and disassembly of the skid device.
  • the wedge-shaped connection piece and the fixed block are clamped by the splint, and the gap in the wedge-shaped connection structure is eliminated through the extrusion deformation of the soft fixed block.
  • Serial number 3 is the skid base ( Figure 5), which is made of cast aluminum and provides installation interfaces for the mounting parts of each part of the skid device.
  • Serial number 4 is the main device of the skid device ( Figure 6), which is composed of a dustproof device, a buffer device, a heat insulation plate and multiple friction blocks.
  • the friction block adopts a split structure to help withstand the impact between the vehicle and the track; the heat insulation plate can isolate the heat generated by friction braking; the vibration damping device composed of laminated springs can buffer vertical impacts.
  • the skid device is also used in medium and low-speed maglev vehicles, but there is a big difference between the two.
  • the skids of medium- and low-speed maglev vehicles have a relatively simple structure. The functions of the two are similar.
  • the skids of medium- and low-speed maglev vehicles are smaller and do not have the function of buffering shocks, so they cannot adapt to the vehicle. Emergency or malfunction conditions from falling at high speed to stopping.
  • Changdao high-speed vehicles have a lot of equipment under the vehicle, and the space for replacing the skid is very limited. As a wearing part, the skid needs to be replaced relatively frequently, so the operability of replacing the skid part is particularly important.
  • the skid of this patent can be pre-assembled with the parts No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4, and then the skid device can be pushed out by disassembling the splint, and the pre-assembled skid device can be replaced. This operation is convenient and less difficult. The replacement of the skid device can be completed quickly.
  • the present invention aims to provide a conventional high-speed maglev vehicle with a device that can contact the track in the non-levitation state of the vehicle to support the vehicle and provide braking.
  • a device that can contact the track in the non-levitation state of the vehicle to support the vehicle and provide braking.
  • the vehicle falling off the skid contacts the track, which can provide braking force to the vehicle through the friction between the skid and the track.
  • the skid structure itself can provide buffering for the impact of the vehicle falling off.
  • the laminated spring structure enables the skid device to have better buffering ability against impacts
  • the split friction block can partially replace the damaged friction block, which is economical
  • the friction braking of the vehicle is shared by multiple friction blocks. Compared with the small single friction block of the medium and low-speed maglev vehicle skid device, it can withstand more heat generated by friction braking and has better friction braking ability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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  • Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置，工艺性好，在较小的空间内通过楔形结构连接便于安装及拆卸；叠片弹簧结构使滑橇装置对冲击有较好的缓冲能力；分体摩擦块可局部更换破损摩擦块，经济性好；落车摩擦制动由多个摩擦块分担，相较于中低速磁浮车辆滑橇装置较小的单一摩擦块可以承受更多摩擦制动产生的热量，具有较好的摩擦制动能力。

Description

一种用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置
本申请要求于2022年09月05日提交中国专利局、申请号为202211077620.6、发明名称为“一种用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及轨道车辆技术领域，特别涉及一种用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置。
背景技术
在高速轨道车辆领域，传统轨道车辆受限于轮轨关系，难以进行进一步的大幅度提速，而高速磁浮车辆可以补充轨道车辆在时速400km以上的产品谱系。常导高速磁浮车辆是高速磁浮车辆发展的重要方向，其特点是没有车轮作为车辆与轨道的连接部件，因此作为未悬浮状态车辆支撑部件的滑橇就成为常导高速磁浮车辆不可缺少的部件。
现有结构的滑橇装置，结构简单、功能单一，不具备缓冲冲击的功能，滑块体积较小无法满足车辆在高速状态紧急落车制动的需要，因此需专门设计一款适用于常导高速磁浮车辆的滑橇装置。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明旨在为常导高速磁浮车辆提供一种可于车辆非悬浮状态接触轨道用于支撑车辆及提供保持制动的装置，该装置在车辆起浮状态时离开轨道，车辆正常运动过程中不与轨道接触，在紧急情况下车辆落车滑橇与轨道接触，可通过滑橇与轨道之间的摩擦力对车辆提供制动力，滑橇结构本身可对车辆落车冲击提供缓冲。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置，连接机构、滑橇座和滑橇主体装置；
所述连接机构用于连接悬浮架和滑橇座；
所述滑橇主体装置安装于所述滑橇座的底部，所述滑橇主体装置包括：缓冲装置；
所述缓冲装置包括：沿垂向设置的叠片弹簧。
优选地，多组所述叠片弹簧沿所述滑橇座的横向排布，和/或，多组所述 叠片弹簧沿所述滑橇座的纵向排布。
优选地，所述缓冲装置还包括：限位柱；
所述限位柱设置于所述叠片弹簧的中轴处，所述限位柱开设有与螺杆连接配合的螺纹孔。
优选地，所述滑橇主体装置还包括：防尘圈；
所述防尘圈有间隙套设于所述叠片弹簧的四周。
优选地，所述滑橇主体装置还包括：主体座和摩擦块；
所述主体座安装于所述滑橇座的底部；
所述叠片弹簧设置于所述主体座的上侧，所述摩擦块设置于所述主体座的下侧；
所述摩擦块的数量为多个，沿所述主体座的纵向排布。
优选地，所述滑橇主体装置还包括：隔热板；
所述隔热板设置于所述主体座和所述摩擦块之间。
优选地，所述连接机构包括：滑橇装置连接件和楔形结构连接套件；
所述楔形结构连接套件包括：楔形块、楔形座和锁止件；
所述滑橇装置连接件用于固定连接所述悬浮架和所述楔形块，所述楔形块固定连接于所述滑橇座的顶部；
所述楔形块和所述楔形座沿所述滑橇座的纵向通过楔形结构限位配合，所述楔形块和所述楔形座可沿所述滑橇座的横向相对运动；所述锁止件能够阻止所述楔形块和所述楔形座的所述横向相对运动。
优选地，所述锁止件包括：夹板；
所述夹板可拆卸连接于所述楔形块，两块所述夹板分别位于所述楔形座的横向两侧，所述夹板能够阻止所述楔形座相对所述楔形块的横向运动。
优选地，所述楔形结构连接套件还包括：软质固定块；
所述楔形座包括：第一楔形座和第二楔形座；
所述第一楔形座和所述第二楔形座均固定于所述滑橇座，并分别位于所述楔形块纵向两侧；
所述楔形块纵向的第一侧与所述第一楔形座通过楔形结构配合，所述软质固定块位于所述楔形块纵向的第二侧和所述第二楔形座之间；
两块所述夹板挤压所述软质固定块的横向两侧，使所述软质固定块产生形变，纵向压迫所述楔形块。
优选地，所述楔形结构连接套件还包括：垫板；
若干块所述垫板设置于所述楔形座和所述滑橇座之间。
从上述的技术方案可以看出，本发明提供的用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置，工艺性好，在较小的空间内通过楔形结构连接便于安装及拆卸；叠片弹簧结构使滑橇装置对冲击有较好的缓冲能力；分体摩擦块可局部更换破损摩擦块，经济性好；落车摩擦制动由多个摩擦块分担，相较于中低速磁浮车辆滑橇装置较小的单一摩擦块可以承受更多摩擦制动产生的热量，具有较好的摩擦制动能力。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置的装配结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置的爆炸结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的滑橇装置连接件的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的楔形结构连接套件的结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的滑橇座的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的滑橇主体装置的结构示意图。
其中，1为滑橇装置连接件，10为连接件本体，11为第一连接孔，12为第二连接孔；
2为楔形结构连接套件，21为夹板，22为楔形块，23为软质固定块，24为第一楔形座，25为第二楔形座，26为垫板，27为过线槽；
3为滑橇座，30为座本体，31为安装槽，32为加强筋，33为滑橇装置安装面，34为盖板；
4为滑橇主体装置，41为防尘圈，42为限位柱，43为叠片弹簧，44为主体座，45为连接垫块，46为隔热板，47为摩擦块。
具体实施方式
首先对本方案涉及到的技术名词解释如下：
悬浮架：包括电磁铁模块、悬浮框和摇枕及各种悬挂零部件在内的、实现磁悬浮列车悬浮、导向、制动、牵引等功能的部件。
滑行轨：功能件的上平面，运行时，磁悬浮列车车体下面间悬浮于滑行轨行驶，事故时直接承受车体冲击，并且承受支承滑撬的滑行摩擦。
在高速轨道车辆领域，传统轨道车辆受限于轮轨关系，难以进行进一步的大幅度提速，而高速磁浮车辆可以补充轨道车辆在时速400km以上的产品谱系。常导高速磁浮车辆是高速磁浮车辆发展的重要方向，其特点是没有车轮作为车辆与轨道的连接部件，因此作为未悬浮状态车辆支撑部件的滑橇就成为常导高速磁浮车辆不可缺少的部件。除了起到支撑作用，还要防止车辆在未悬浮状态下与轨道产生相对滑移，起到保持制动作用，所以其与轨道需具有一定的摩擦系数。在紧急工况下，可以选择将整车落下，使得滑橇与轨道(滑行轨)接触，在整车重量的作用下，滑橇与轨道之间的摩擦力对整车提供紧急的制动力，因此滑橇需要能够承受一定的冲击能力，并对冲击起到一定的缓冲作用。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供的用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置，包括：连接机构、滑橇座3和滑橇主体装置4，其结构可以参照图1、图2和图6所示；
其中，连接机构用于连接悬浮架(如其空簧托梁)和滑橇座3；
滑橇主体装置4安装于滑橇座3的底部，该滑橇主体装置4包括：缓冲装置；
该缓冲装置包括：沿垂向设置的叠片弹簧43，如图6所示。可以理解的是，本实施例中的底部和垂向都是值基于重力的竖直方向。
从上述的技术方案可以看出，本发明实施例提供的用于常导高速车辆的滑 橇装置，其滑橇座3底部的滑橇主体装置4具有缓冲装置，采用沿垂向设置的叠片弹簧43，使滑橇装置对冲击有较好的缓冲能力。
进一步的，多组叠片弹簧41沿滑橇座3的横向排布，和/或，多组叠片弹簧41沿滑橇座3的纵向排布。通过设置多组叠片弹簧41，以提高对冲击的缓冲能力，优选为均匀分布。如图6所示，在本实施中，横向设置两组叠片弹簧41，纵向设置两组叠片弹簧41，共八组叠片弹簧41。当然，叠片弹簧41的具体数量和排布规律根据滑橇装置的实际情况确定，以布设数量尽量多的叠片弹簧41为宜。
本方案的叠片弹簧43由多个弹簧片层叠而成，每个弹簧片的中心均开设有通孔。具体的，缓冲装置还包括：限位柱42，其结构可以参照图6所示；
其中，限位柱42设置于叠片弹簧43的中轴通孔处，限位柱42开设有与螺杆连接配合的螺纹孔。通过设置限位柱42使叠片弹簧43中的多个弹簧片保持同轴。限位柱42和叠片弹簧43位于主体座44的上侧，螺杆位于主体座44的下侧，通过螺杆螺接固定限位柱42和限位叠片弹簧43。
作为优选，滑橇主体装置4还包括：防尘圈41，其结构可以参照图6所示；
其中，该防尘圈41有间隙套设于叠片弹簧43的径向四周，以防止外界的粉尘等进入影响叠片弹簧43工作。
在本实施例中，滑橇主体装置4还包括：主体座44和摩擦块47，其结构可以参照图2和图6所示；
其中，该主体座44安装于滑橇座3的底部，具体可通过纵向两侧的销结构连接；
叠片弹簧43设置于主体座44的上侧，摩擦块47设置于主体座44的下侧；可以理解的是，本实施例中的上侧为靠近悬浮架的一侧，下侧为靠近悬浮架滑行轨的一侧；则防尘圈41、限位柱42和叠片弹簧43被压紧于滑橇座3的底部和主体座44的顶部之间；
摩擦块47的数量为多个，沿主体座44的纵向排布。即落车摩擦制动由多个摩擦块47分担，相较于中低速磁浮车辆滑橇装置较小的单一摩擦块可以承受更多摩擦制动产生的热量，具有较好的摩擦制动能力；另外，分体式结构的 摩擦块47可局部更换破损摩擦块，经济性好。
进一步的，滑橇主体装置4还包括：隔热板46，其结构可以参照图6所示；
其中，隔热板46设置于主体座44和摩擦块47之间，该隔热板46可隔离摩擦制动产生的热量。
常导高速车辆车下设备较多，更换滑橇的空间十分有限，而滑橇作为磨耗部件又需要相对频繁的更换，因此滑橇部位更换的可操作性就尤为重要。针对于此，本实施例的连接机构包括：滑橇装置连接件1和楔形结构连接套件2，其结构可以参照图1、图2、图3和图4所示；
其中，楔形结构连接套件2包括：楔形块22、楔形座和锁止件；
滑橇装置连接件1用于固定连接悬浮架和楔形块22，该楔形块22固定连接于滑橇座3的顶部；在此滑橇装置连接件1包括：连接件本体10，该连接件本体10开设有第一连接孔11，用于同悬浮架螺接；连接件本体10还开设有第二连接孔12，用于同楔形块22螺接；
楔形块22和楔形座沿滑橇座3的纵向通过楔形结构限位配合，楔形块22和楔形座可沿滑橇座3的横向相对运动；锁止件能够阻止楔形块22和楔形座的横向相对运动，以保证工作时的装配状态。则本专利滑橇应用时，楔形块22通过滑橇装置连接件1固定于悬浮架，其他部件包括楔形结构连接套件2(除楔形块22外)、滑橇座3和滑橇主体装置4各零部件可作为整体，在解除锁止件的限位后，通过楔形座与楔形块22横向配合(装配或拆卸)，更换预先组装的滑橇装置，克服车下空间有限(尤其是垂向)的困难，该操作方便便捷，操作难度较小，可快速完成滑橇装置的更换工作。
具体的，锁止件包括：夹板21，其结构可以参照图4所示；
其中，该夹板21可拆卸连接于楔形块22，两块夹板21分别位于楔形座的横向两侧，该夹板21能够阻止楔形座相对楔形块22的横向运动。通过两侧夹板21将滑橇下部结构(即上述整体)与滑橇装置连接件1紧固，拆卸夹板21后可将该滑橇下部结构横向推出。作为优选，夹板21与楔形块22的可拆卸连接结构为横向操作方式，如采用横向的连接结构，在此为横向的螺接结构，能够在横向外侧装卸螺接件。
在本实施例中，夹板21的横向内侧开设有过线槽27，以便于相关线路穿过布设；优选为倾斜设置，可增加与线路配合长度，更加牢靠。
进一步的，楔形结构连接套件2还包括：软质固定块23，其结构可以参照图4所示；
其中，楔形座包括：第一楔形座24和第二楔形座25；
第一楔形座24和第二楔形座25均固定于滑橇座3(在此可为螺接)，并分别位于楔形块22的纵向两侧；
楔形块22纵向的第一侧(在图4为右侧)与第一楔形座24通过楔形结构配合，软质固定块23位于楔形块22纵向的第二侧(在图4为左侧)和第二楔形座25之间；
两块夹板21挤压软质固定块23的横向两侧，使软质固定块23产生形变，纵向压迫楔形块22。即通过两侧夹板21的紧固将软质固定块23挤压变形消除楔形连接结构的间隙。作为优选，软质固定块23的数量为多个，沿横向排布，其中位于中间的硬度小于两侧，以便于在特定位置产生形变，与楔形结构的横向中心对称结构相匹配，使得纵向挤压力作用于最优位置。
作为优选，楔形结构连接套件2还包括：垫板26，其结构可以参照图2和图4所示；
其中，若干块垫板26设置于楔形座和滑橇座3之间，以便于调整滑橇装置和悬浮架的垂向距离。在此为两块垫板26摞放，当然还可以根据需要调整其数量和厚度。结合图5所示，滑橇座3设有与垫板26配合的螺接孔；优选的，滑橇座3的顶部开设有安装槽31，该安装槽31的形状与垫板26和楔形座相匹配，以便于定位装配，上述螺接孔位于该安装槽31内。
具体的，连接机构的数量为多个，以提高连接的可靠性和稳定性，沿滑橇座3纵向间隔排布，如图1-图3所示滑橇装置连接件1和楔形结构连接套件2可为三个且均布；相应的，滑橇座3具有与多个连接机构意义配合的安装位置，如前述的安装槽31，如图5所示；为了减重，滑橇座3为空心结构，相邻两个安装位置之间还设置加强筋32以保证强度，并安装盖板34密封。
下面结合具体实施例对本方案作进一步说明：
本发明实施例提供的用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置(图1)主要由4个部 分组成：
序号1为滑橇装置连接件(图3)，通过螺栓与滑橇装置上方的悬浮架空簧托梁连接，下方为滑橇座及楔形连接套件提供安装接口，是滑橇装置与悬浮架之间的过渡连接件；
序号2为楔形结构连接套件(图4)，通过两侧夹板将滑橇下部结构与序号1紧固，连接套件中包含软质固定块，通过两侧夹板的紧固将软质固定块挤压变形消除滑橇下部结构和序号1之间的间隙。采用楔形连接结构方便滑橇装置的安装及拆卸，通过夹板将楔形连接件及固定块夹紧，并通过软质固定块的挤压变形消除楔形连接结构的间隙。
序号3为滑橇座(图5)，采用铸铝滑橇座，为滑橇装置各部位安装件提供安装接口。
序号4为滑橇装置的主体装置(图6)，由防尘装置、缓冲装置、隔热板及多个摩擦块组成。摩擦块采用分体结构，利于承受车辆与轨道间的冲击；隔热板可隔离摩擦制动产生的热量；由叠片弹簧组成的减振装置可以缓冲垂向冲击。
滑橇装置除在常导高速磁浮车辆使用外，也同样应用于中低速磁浮车辆，但两者区别较大。相较于常导高速磁浮车辆的滑橇，中低速磁浮车辆的滑橇结构相对简单，两者功能相似，但中低速磁浮车辆的滑橇体积较小且不具备缓冲冲击的功能，无法适应车辆由高速状态下落下直至停车的紧急或故障工况。
常导高速车辆车下设备较多，更换滑橇的空间十分有限，而滑橇作为磨耗部件又需要相对频繁的更换，因此滑橇部位更换的可操作性就尤为重要。本专利滑橇可通过预先将序号2、序号3、序号4各零部件预先组装，然后通过拆卸夹板将滑橇装置推出，更换预先组装的滑橇装置，该操作方便便捷，操作难度较小，可快速完成滑橇装置的更换工作。
本发明旨在为常导高速磁浮车辆提供一种可于车辆非悬浮状态接触轨道用于支撑车辆及提供保持制动的装置，该装置在车辆起浮状态时离开轨道，车辆正常运动过程中不与轨道接触，在紧急情况下车辆落车滑橇与轨道接触，可通过滑橇与轨道之间的摩擦力对车辆提供制动力，滑橇结构本身可对车辆落车冲击提供缓冲。
本方案的优点如下：
1.工艺性好，在较小的空间内通过楔形结构连接便于安装及拆卸；
2.叠片弹簧结构使滑橇装置对冲击有较好的缓冲能力；
3.分体摩擦块可局部更换破损摩擦块，经济性好；
4.落车摩擦制动由多个摩擦块分担，相较于中低速磁浮车辆滑橇装置较小的单一摩擦块可以承受更多摩擦制动产生的热量，具有较好的摩擦制动能力。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置，其特征在于，连接机构、滑橇座(3)和滑橇主体装置(4)；
    所述连接机构用于连接悬浮架和滑橇座(3)；
    所述滑橇主体装置(4)安装于所述滑橇座(3)的底部，所述滑橇主体装置(4)包括：缓冲装置；
    所述缓冲装置包括：沿垂向设置的叠片弹簧(43)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置，其特征在于，多组所述叠片弹簧(41)沿所述滑橇座(3)的横向排布，和/或，多组所述叠片弹簧(41)沿所述滑橇座(3)的纵向排布。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置，其特征在于，所述缓冲装置还包括：限位柱(42)；
    所述限位柱(42)设置于所述叠片弹簧(43)的中轴处，所述限位柱(42)开设有与螺杆连接配合的螺纹孔。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置，其特征在于，所述滑橇主体装置(4)还包括：防尘圈(41)；
    所述防尘圈(41)有间隙套设于所述叠片弹簧(43)的四周。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置，其特征在于，所述滑橇主体装置(4)还包括：主体座(44)和摩擦块(47)；
    所述主体座(44)安装于所述滑橇座(3)的底部；
    所述叠片弹簧(43)设置于所述主体座(44)的上侧，所述摩擦块(47)设置于所述主体座(44)的下侧；
    所述摩擦块(47)的数量为多个，沿所述主体座(44)的纵向排布。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置，其特征在于，所述滑橇主体装置(4)还包括：隔热板(46)；
    所述隔热板(46)设置于所述主体座(44)和所述摩擦块(47)之间。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置，其特征在于，所述连接机构包括：滑橇装置连接件(1)和楔形结构连接套件(2)；
    所述楔形结构连接套件(2)包括：楔形块(22)、楔形座和锁止件；
    所述滑橇装置连接件(1)用于固定连接所述悬浮架和所述楔形块(22)，所述楔形块(22)固定连接于所述滑橇座(3)的顶部；
    所述楔形块(22)和所述楔形座沿所述滑橇座(3)的纵向通过楔形结构限位配合，所述楔形块(22)和所述楔形座可沿所述滑橇座(3)的横向相对运动；所述锁止件能够阻止所述楔形块(22)和所述楔形座的所述横向相对运动。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置，其特征在于，所述锁止件包括：夹板(21)；
    所述夹板(21)可拆卸连接于所述楔形块(22)，两块所述夹板(21)分别位于所述楔形座的横向两侧，所述夹板(21)能够阻止所述楔形座相对所述楔形块(22)的横向运动。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置，其特征在于，所述楔形结构连接套件(2)还包括：软质固定块(23)；
    所述楔形座包括：第一楔形座(24)和第二楔形座(25)；
    所述第一楔形座(24)和所述第二楔形座(25)均固定于所述滑橇座(3)，并分别位于所述楔形块(22)纵向两侧；
    所述楔形块(22)纵向的第一侧与所述第一楔形座(24)通过楔形结构配合，所述软质固定块(23)位于所述楔形块(22)纵向的第二侧和所述第二楔形座(25)之间；
    两块所述夹板(21)挤压所述软质固定块(23)的横向两侧，使所述软质固定块(23)产生形变，纵向压迫所述楔形块(22)。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置，其特征在于，所述楔形结构连接套件(2)还包括：垫板(26)；
    若干块所述垫板(26)设置于所述楔形座和所述滑橇座(3)之间。
PCT/CN2022/134675 2022-09-05 2022-11-28 一种用于常导高速车辆的滑橇装置 Ceased WO2024050992A1 (zh)

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