WO2024050971A1 - 一种扬声器音盆及扬声器 - Google Patents

一种扬声器音盆及扬声器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024050971A1
WO2024050971A1 PCT/CN2022/132911 CN2022132911W WO2024050971A1 WO 2024050971 A1 WO2024050971 A1 WO 2024050971A1 CN 2022132911 W CN2022132911 W CN 2022132911W WO 2024050971 A1 WO2024050971 A1 WO 2024050971A1
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cone
sound
speaker
sound cone
voice coil
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PCT/CN2022/132911
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高鹏
董占青
顾晗煜
何敏华
汤振宇
丁晓峰
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苏州上声电子股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024050971A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024050971A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a speaker cone and a speaker.
  • the voice coil When the speaker is working, the voice coil becomes an electromagnet after being energized, which exerts force on the permanent magnet of the magnetic circuit system, continuously vibrates, and drives the paper cone to produce sound.
  • This process cannot be regarded as a simple piston movement.
  • the cone body of the paper cone is not a completely rigid body. Affected by its own processing technology and uneven materials, the cone body will produce segmented vibrations when vibrating, causing the frequency of the speaker to change. Peaks and/or troughs appear in the mid-frequency and high-frequency regions, causing distortion.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a speaker cone and a speaker that can effectively reduce distortion.
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a speaker cone, including:
  • the sound cone further includes a plurality of reinforcing parts, the reinforcing parts are upwardly arched or downwardly concave, and the plurality of reinforcing parts are respectively located on opposite sides of the central hole of the sound cone and are arranged symmetrically.
  • the reinforcing portion extends from the central hole of the sound cone to an edge of the sound cone.
  • the inner end of the reinforced part is close to the central hole of the sound cone, and the outer end of the reinforced part is close to the short side of the sound cone. Further, the outer end of the reinforcement part is close to the connection between the short side and the long side of the sound cone.
  • the orthographic projection of the sound cone on the horizontal plane is an oval or racetrack shape with a hole in the middle.
  • racetrack specifically refers to a figure composed of a rectangle and two semicircles/arches, where the rectangle is located in the middle of the two semicircles/arches.
  • a portion of the sound cone is upwardly arched or downwardly depressed to form the reinforcing portion.
  • the sound cone has a plurality of connecting portions respectively connected to a plurality of elastic waves, and each of the connecting portions is recessed downward.
  • a plurality of the connecting portions are disposed on opposite sides of the central hole of the sound cone and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the central hole of the sound cone, and the connecting portions are located between adjacent reinforcing portions.
  • the sound cone gradually slopes downward from the edge to the middle hole of the sound cone.
  • a yoke ring for connecting the basin frame is connected to an edge of the sound cone.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a speaker, including a basin frame, a sound cone, a voice coil and a magnetic circuit system with a magnetic gap.
  • the outer edge of the sound cone is connected to the basin frame; the voice coil is The upper end is connected to the middle part of the sound cone, and the lower end of the voice coil is inserted into the magnetic gap; the magnetic circuit system is arranged on the basin frame; the sound cone is a speaker cone as described above .
  • speakers refer to car speakers, and further to headrest speakers or ceiling speakers.
  • the speaker cone of the present invention has a pair of long sides and a pair of short sides, and therefore has a non-circular oval or racetrack shape, and has a plurality of upwardly arched or downwardly depressed reinforcing parts.
  • the reinforcement is symmetrically arranged relative to the hollow of the sound cone to avoid peaks and/or troughs in the mid-frequency and high-frequency areas of the speaker frequency, which can effectively reduce speaker distortion.
  • the total harmonic distortion in each frequency band is low, and the sound effect is closer to the original sound. .
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a car speaker according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a car speaker according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a top view of a car speaker according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the sound cone according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the sound cone shown in Figure 4 along a direction perpendicular to the short side.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the sound cone according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the sound cone of the comparative example.
  • Figure 8 is a comparison chart of the speaker’s distortion curve.
  • 3-voice coil 30-dust cover; 31-lead; 32-soldering lug;
  • inside and outside are defined with the center line of the voice coil as a reference.
  • the direction closer to the center line of the voice coil is inside, and vice versa.
  • the position words “upper”, “lower” and “horizontal” are intended to facilitate those in the field to understand the structure of the car speaker, and are not used to limit the state of the speaker after it is installed on the car; for example, the speaker can be installed on an inclined part or an upright part in the car , can also be installed on the lower surface of car interior components.
  • the car speaker is used in a car audio system. Further, the car speaker is a headrest speaker installed on the headrest of the car seat and/or a ceiling speaker installed on the roof of the car.
  • the car speaker includes a frame 1 , a cone 2 , a voice coil 3 and a magnetic circuit system 4 with a magnetic gap 40 .
  • the outer edge of the sound cone 2 is connected to the basin frame 1; the upper end of the voice coil 3 is connected to the middle part of the sound cone 2, and the lower end of the voice coil 3 is inserted into the magnetic gap 40; the magnetic circuit system 4 is arranged on the basin frame 1.
  • the car speaker also includes two independent and spaced elastic waves 5.
  • the two elastic waves 5 are located on opposite sides of the voice coil 3 (for example, the left and right sides as shown in Figure 2).
  • a part of the edge of each elastic wave 5 Connected to the basin frame 1 , the sound cone 2 has two downwardly recessed first connecting parts 21 , and the first connecting parts 21 are connected to the elastic wave 5 .
  • the orthographic projection of the basin frame 1 on the horizontal plane is a rectangle or a rounded rectangle, so that the entire speaker has a long and narrow shape and can be easily installed in a car without occupying too much space inside the car.
  • the basin frame 1 includes a shell 11, which is hollow and open at both upper and lower ends.
  • the voice coil 3, the magnetic circuit system 4 and the elastic wave 5 are all accommodated in the shell 11, and the shell 11 is basically not exposed. It is installed through the shell 11.
  • the shell 11 supports and protects the sound cone 2, voice coil 3, magnetic circuit system 4 and elastic wave 5.
  • the outer edge of the sound cone 2 is connected to the upper surface of the housing 11; specifically, the sound cone 2 covers the upper end of the housing 11, and the outer edge of the sound cone 2 is connected to the upper surface of the housing 11 through a yoke ring 20.
  • the yoke ring 20 is elastic and Bonded to the upper surface of the shell 11.
  • the housing 11 has a pair of opposite long sides 111 (extending in the left-right direction in Figure 2) and two short sides 112 connected between the long sides 111 (extending in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of Figure 2).
  • Two The long side 111 and the two short sides 112 are connected to form a rectangular, rounded rectangle or racetrack-shaped space, that is, the short side 112 extends along a straight line or an arc.
  • a "racetrack shape” refers to a shape consisting of a rectangle and two semicircles, with the rectangle located between the two semicircles.
  • the basin frame 1 also includes a magnetic circuit system mounting seat 12.
  • the magnetic circuit system mounting seat 12 is located in the housing 11 and is fixedly connected to the middle of the long side 111. There is a gap between the magnetic circuit system mounting seat 12 and the short side 112 of the housing 11 so that Provide installation space for Danbo 5.
  • the magnetic circuit system 4 is arranged on the magnetic circuit system mounting base 12 .
  • the magnetic circuit system mounting seat 12 is hollow cylindrical or annular as a whole, and the magnetic circuit system 4 is fixed in the magnetic circuit system mounting seat 12 .
  • the magnetic circuit system mounting base 12 is fixed to the middle of the long side 111 of the housing 11 through a number of connecting ribs.
  • the basin frame 1 further includes two elastic mounting members 13 .
  • two elastic wave mounting parts 13 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the magnetic circuit system mounting base 12.
  • Each elastic wave mounting part 13 is provided with an elastic wave 5 respectively. That is to say, the magnetic circuit system installation
  • the shape of the elastic wave mounting member 13 is generally arc-shaped.
  • the elastic wave mounting member 13 is fixedly connected to the left or right end of the short side 112 and/or the long side 111 of the housing 11 through a plurality of connecting ribs.
  • the elastic wave mounting member 13 is fixedly arranged between the long sides 111 through connecting ribs, and is not connected to and spaced apart from the short sides 112 . Further, the elastic wave mounting member 13, the magnetic circuit system mounting seat 12, the connecting member and the housing 11 are integrally formed, for example, by plastic injection molding. The two elastic wave mounting parts 13 are symmetrically arranged relative to the magnetic circuit system mounting base 12 .
  • the elastic wave 5 includes an outer edge connected to the elastic wave mounting member 13 , a second connecting portion 53 connected to the first connecting portion 21 of the sound cone 2 , and a corrugated portion 52 located between the outer edge 51 and the second connecting portion 53 .
  • the outer edge 51 is arranged horizontally and lower than the corrugated portion 52 and the second connecting portion 53; the outer edge 51 is in an arc shape or a part of a rounded rectangle, and is bonded to the upper surface of the elastic wave mounting member 13.
  • the corrugated portion 52 has multiple crests and troughs, and is overall higher than the outer edge 51 .
  • the corrugated portion 52 is disposed around the second connecting portion 53 and spans half to three-quarters of the circumference of the second connecting portion 53 .
  • the second connecting part 53 is arranged horizontally, and the lower surface of the first connecting part 21 of the sound cone 2 is also arranged horizontally, and the two are bonded to each other.
  • the sound cone 2 is arranged symmetrically left and right, and the two first connecting parts 21 thereof are arranged symmetrically.
  • the middle part of the sound cone 2 is provided with a sound cone middle hole 22, the voice coil 3 penetrates into the sound cone middle hole 22, and the upper end cover of the voice coil 3 is provided with a dust cover 30.
  • the orthographic projection of the sound cone 2 on the horizontal plane is an oval or racetrack shape with a hole in the middle.
  • the sound cone 2 gradually slopes downward from the edge to the middle hole 22 of the sound cone. That is, the main part of the sound cone 2 is tilted and is generally similar to a cone. .
  • the cone 2 also has a pair of long sides and a pair of short sides.
  • the sound cone 2 also has a plurality of reinforcing parts 23 , which are upwardly arched or downwardly recessed.
  • the plurality of reinforcing parts 23 are respectively located on opposite sides of the sound cone middle hole 22 and are arranged symmetrically.
  • the reinforcing portion 23 extends from the central hole 22 of the sound cone toward the short side 112 of the basin frame 1 .
  • the reinforcing portion 23 is formed by an upward arch of a part of the sound cone 2 , and the entirety radiates outward from the middle of the sound cone 2 .
  • each reinforcing part 23 is close to the middle hole 22 of the sound cone, the outer end is close to the short side of the sound cone 2, and further is the connection between the short side and the long side, and the whole extends along a straight line.
  • the reinforcing portion 23 is integrally provided with the main body of the sound cone 2 and is formed by an upward arch from the main body of the sound cone 2 .
  • the reinforcing portion 23 can be fixed on the upper surface or lower surface of the main body of the sound cone 2 and be in a strip shape as a whole.
  • the first connecting part 21 is located between adjacent reinforcing parts 23 .
  • the sound cone 2 has a rounded rectangular design structure and a reinforced part. Compared with the traditional oval sound cone, the sound cone of this embodiment has better rigidity and will be more stable during the vibration of the speaker.
  • the center of gravity It is relatively stable and relatively easy to finalize and produce.
  • the upper end of the voice coil 3 passes through the middle hole 22 of the sound cone and is exposed above the sound cone 2, and the voice coil 3 is bonded to the wall of the middle hole 22 of the sound cone, and the lower end of the voice coil 3 is inserted into the magnetic circuit system 4. Gap 40.
  • the upper end of the voice coil 3 is electrically connected to a pair of leads 31; the sound cone 2 is provided with lead through holes, and a pair of welding tabs 32 are fixedly provided on the basin frame 1 (specifically, they are embedded in the elastic wave mounting piece 13 of the basin frame 1 (middle), the lead 31 passes through the lead through hole and is electrically connected to the soldering lug 32.
  • the butt welding piece 32 can be used to connect a power amplifier, etc., to access the audio source to be played.
  • the number of the magnetic circuit system 4 is one.
  • the magnetic circuit system 4 includes a T iron 41, a magnet 42 placed on the T iron 41 and a front piece 43.
  • the front piece 43 is laminated on the magnet 42.
  • the lower surface of the front piece 43 and The upper surface of the magnetic steel 42 is bonded with glue;
  • the magnetic steel 42 is laminated on the base of the T iron 41, and the lower surface of the magnetic steel 42 and the upper surface of the T iron 41 base are bonded with glue;
  • the front piece 43 and the magnetic steel 42 are specifically It is put on the cylindrical part of the T iron 41, and the cylindrical part extends upward from the base of the T iron 41.
  • the magnetic gap 40 is formed between the outer surface of the T-iron 41 and the inner surfaces of the magnet 42 and the front piece 43 .
  • the magnet 42 and the front piece 43 are fixedly connected to the basin frame 1; specifically, the magnet 42 and the front piece 43 are inserted into the magnetic circuit system mounting seat 12 and are fixedly connected to the magnetic circuit system mounting seat 12, for example, by glue.
  • the magnet 42 may be a permanent magnet.
  • the middle part of the lower surface of the T-iron 41 is recessed upward to form a first blind hole; the middle part of the upper surface of the cylindrical part of the T-iron 41 is recessed downward to form a second blind hole.
  • the upper surface of the base of the T-iron 41 is also provided with a circle of grooves surrounding its cylindrical portion.
  • the base of the T-iron 41 can also be connected to the basin frame 1 to improve the connection strength.
  • the basin frame 1 is also provided with connection holes through which it can be installed on the interior panel of the automobile.
  • Embodiment 1 lies in the shape of the sound cone 2 .
  • the orthographic projection of the sound cone 2 on the horizontal plane is in the shape of a track, with the middle part being rectangular and the left and right sides being roughly semicircular.
  • the four reinforcing parts 23 extend from the middle hole 22 of the sound cone to the left and right sides of the sound cone 2 .
  • the sound cone 2 is not provided with a downwardly recessed first connecting portion, and is not provided with an upwardly arched reinforcing portion.
  • the height of the car speaker of the comparative example is substantially the same as that of the car speaker of Example 2, and the installation position of the elastic wave is slightly higher.
  • the distortion curve is shown in Figure 8.
  • the thickest curve represents the distortion curve of the car speaker of Embodiment 2
  • the thicker curve represents the distortion curve of the car speaker of Embodiment 3
  • the thinnest curve represents the distortion curve of the car speaker using the speaker cone 2 of the comparative example. Distortion curve. It can be seen that the total harmonic distortion of the speakers of Examples 2 and 3 in each frequency band is lower than that of the speaker using the speaker cone 2 of the comparative example. The sound effect is closer to the original sound and the distortion is smaller.
  • the sound cone 2 in the above embodiment avoids the following problems: the sound cone 2 is not a completely rigid body. Affected by its own processing technology and uneven materials, the sound cone 2 body will produce segmented vibrations when vibrating, causing the frequency of the speaker to change. Peaks and/or troughs appear in the mid-frequency and high-frequency regions, causing distortion.
  • the sound cone 2 of the above embodiment can effectively reduce distortion.
  • the car speaker of the above embodiment reduces the total height of the speaker, increases the vibration amplitude of the speaker, effectively reduces the resonant frequency of the speaker, thereby improving the depth of low frequencies, and solves the bass extension problem caused by the reduction of the positioning branch area of the traditional speaker structure.
  • the speaker can be miniaturized and have high power. At the same time, it can be installed in a narrow space, saving space in the car; by using non-circular Cone 2, compared with the ordinary round paper cone 2, enlarges the radiation area of the speaker and increases the low-frequency volume of the speaker. This car speaker has better stability.
  • first, second, etc. are used to describe various information, but such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other and do not imply a specific order or importance. In fact, expressions such as “first” and “second” can be used interchangeably.
  • first information may also be called second information, and similarly, the second information may also be called first information.
  • the first feature being “above” or “below” the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the first and second features. Not in direct contact but through additional characteristic contact between them.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” a first feature on a second feature include the first feature being directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “under” and “under” the first feature is the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种扬声器音盆及扬声器。一种扬声器音盆，具有用于连接盆架的边缘，所述音盆的中部开设有用于连接音圈的音盆中孔，所述音盆具有一对长边和一对短边，所述音盆具有多个加强部，所述加强部向上拱起或向下凹陷，多个所述加强部分别位于所述音盆中孔的相对两侧且对称设置。本发明的扬声器音盆可有效降低扬声器失真。

Description

一种扬声器音盆及扬声器
本申请要求2022年9月9日提交的申请号为CN 202222401234X的中国专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种扬声器音盆及扬声器。
背景技术
扬声器在工作时，音圈在通电后变为电磁体，与磁路系统的永磁体产生作用力，持续震动而驱动纸盆而发声。然而这个过程并不能视为简单的活塞运动，纸盆的盆体并非完全的刚性体，受其本身的加工工艺、材质不均等的影响，盆体在振动时会产生分割振动，造成在扬声器频率的中频区和高频区出现波峰和/或波谷，导致失真。
实用新型内容
针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种扬声器音盆及扬声器，可有效降低失真。
本发明的一个方面提供一种扬声器音盆，包括：
用于连接盆架的边缘；
中部，其开设有用于连接音圈的音盆中孔；
一对长边；和
一对短边，；
所述音盆还包括多个加强部，所述加强部向上拱起或向下凹陷，多个所述加强部分别位于所述音盆中孔的相对两侧且对称设置。
在一些实施例中，所述加强部沿自所述音盆中孔向所述音盆的边缘延伸。
在一些实施例中，所述加强部的内端靠近所述音盆中孔，所述加强部的外端靠近所述音盆的短边。进一步地，所述加强部的外端靠近所述音盆的短边的与长边的连接处。
在一些实施例中，所述音盆在水平面上的正投影为中部有孔的椭圆形或跑道形。
本文中，术语“跑道形”具体是指由一个矩形和两个半圆形/弓形拼合而成的图形，其中，矩形位于两个半圆形/弓形的中间。
在一些实施例中，所述音盆的局部向上拱起或向下凹陷形成所述加强部。
在一些实施例中，所述音盆具有和多个弹波分别连接的多个连接部，各所述连接部向下凹陷。
在一些实施例中，多个所述连接部设置于所述音盆中孔的相对两侧并相对所述音盆中孔对称设置，所述连接部位于相邻的加强部之间。
在一些实施例中，所述音盆自所述边缘至所述音盆中孔逐渐向下倾斜。
在一些实施例中，所述音盆的边缘连接有用于连接盆架的轭环。
本发明的第二个方面提供一种扬声器，包括盆架、音盆、音圈及具有磁间隙的磁路系统，所述音盆的外边缘连接于所述盆架上；所述音圈的上端部连接于所述音盆的中部，所述音圈的下端部插入所述磁间隙中；所述磁路系统设置于所述盆架上；所述音盆为如上所述的扬声器音盆。
进一步地，扬声器是指汽车扬声器，更进一步为头枕扬声器或棚顶扬声器。
本发明采用以上方案，相比现有技术具有如下优点：
本发明的扬声器音盆，具有一对长边及一对短边，因而呈非圆形的椭圆形或跑道形等形状，且具有多个向上拱起或向下凹陷的加强部，该多个加强部相对音盆中空对称设置，避免在扬声器频率的中频区和高频区出现波峰和/或波谷，能够有效降低扬声器失真，各个频段的总谐波失真度均较低，声音效果更接近原声。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为根据本发明实施例1的汽车扬声器的立体图。
图2为根据本发明实施例1的汽车扬声器的分解示意图。
图3为根据本发明实施例1的汽车扬声器的俯视图。
图4为根据本发明实施例1的音盆的立体图。
图5为图4所示音盆沿垂直于短边的方向的剖视图。
图6为根据本发明实施例2的音盆的立体图。
图7为对比例的音盆的立体图。
图8为扬声器的失真曲线对比图。
附图标记如下：
1-盆架；11-外壳；111-长边；112-短边；12-磁路系统安装座；13-弹波安装件；
2-音盆；20-轭环；21-第一连接部；22-音盆中孔；23-加强部；
3-音圈；30-防尘罩；31-引线；32-焊片；
4-磁路系统；40-磁间隙；41-T铁；42-磁钢；43-前片；
5-弹波；51-外边缘；52-波纹部；53-第二连接部。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域的技术人员理解。在此需要说明的是，对于这些实施方式的说明用于帮助理解本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限定。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以互相结合。
本发明中，“内”、“外”是以音圈的中心线为参照定义的，以距音圈中心线较近的方位为内，反之为外。方位词“上”“下”“水平”旨在便于本领域人员理解汽车扬声器的结构，不用于限定扬声器安装到汽车上后的状态；例如，扬声器可以安装到汽车内的倾斜部件或直立部件上，也可以安装到汽车内部件的下表面上。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种汽车扬声器及其音盆，该汽车扬声器用于汽车音响系统中。进一步地，该汽车扬声器为安装在汽车座椅的头枕上的头枕扬声器和/或安装在汽车棚顶上的棚顶扬声 器。参照图1至图5所示，该汽车扬声器包括盆架1、音盆2、音圈3及具有磁间隙40的磁路系统4。音盆2的外边缘连接于盆架1上；音圈3的上端部连接于音盆2的中部，音圈3的下端部插入磁间隙40中；磁路系统4设置于盆架1上。该汽车扬声器还包括两个独立且间隔设置的弹波5，两个弹波5分别位于音圈3的相对两侧(例如图2所示的左右两侧)，各弹波5的边缘的一部分连接于盆架1，音盆2具有两个向下凹陷的第一连接部21，第一连接部21和弹波5连接。
盆架1在水平面上的正投影为矩形或圆角矩形，从而整个扬声器具有狭长的形状，能够方便地安装在汽车中而不过多占用车内空间。进一步地，盆架1包括外壳11，外壳11中空且上下两端开放，音圈3、磁路系统4及弹波5均容置于外壳11中，基本不会露出外壳11，通过外壳11安装在汽车的其他部件(如头枕骨架或棚顶)上，外壳11对音盆2、音圈3、磁路系统4及弹波5进行支撑和防护。音盆2的外边缘连接于外壳11的上表面；具体地，音盆2覆盖外壳11的上端，音盆2的外边缘通过轭环20和外壳11的上表面连接，轭环20具有弹性并和外壳11的上表面粘合。外壳11具有一对相对设置的长边111(沿图2中的左右方向延伸)及两个连接于长边111之间的短边112(沿垂直于图2纸面的方向延伸)，两个长边111和两个短边112相接围成呈矩形、圆角矩形或跑道形的空间，即，短边112沿直线或弧线延伸。本文中，“跑道形”是指由一个矩形和两个半圆形构成的形状，其中矩形位于两个半圆形之间。
盆架1还包括磁路系统安装座12，磁路系统安装座12位于外壳11中且和长边111的中部固定连接，磁路系统安装座12和外壳11的短边112之间具有间隔从而为弹波5提供安装空间。磁路系统4设置于磁路系统安装座12上。具体地，磁路系统安装座12整体为中空筒状或环状，磁路系统4固定于磁路系统安装座12中。磁路系统安装座12通过若干连接筋固定于外壳11的长边111中部。
盆架1进一步包括两个弹波安装件13。结合图2所示，两个弹波安装件13分别位于磁路系统安装座12的左右两侧，每个弹波安装件13上分别设有一个弹波5，也就是说，磁路系统安装座12的左右相对两侧和外壳11之间分别设有弹波5。具体而言，在俯视时，弹波安装件13的形状大体呈弧形。弹波安装件13通过若干连接筋固定连接于外壳11的短边112和/或长边111的左端部或右端部。本实施例中，弹波安装件13通过连接筋固定设置于长边111之间，和短边112不连接且相间隔。进一步地，弹波安装件13、磁路系统安装座12、连 接件和外壳11一体成型，例如，由塑料一体注塑成型等。两个弹波安装件13相对磁路系统安装座12对称设置。
弹波5包括连接于弹波安装件13的外边缘、连接于音盆2的第一连接部21的第二连接部53及位于外边缘51和第二连接部53之间的波纹部52。外边缘51水平设置，且低于波纹部52及第二连接部53；外边缘51的形状为弧形或为圆角矩形的一部分，外边缘51和弹波安装件13的上表面粘合。波纹部52具有多个波峰和波谷，且整体高于外边缘51。波纹部52围绕第二连接部53设置，且跨过第二连接部53的圆周的一半至四分之三。第二连接部53水平设置，音盆2的第一连接部21的下表面也水平设置，二者相互粘合。
音盆2左右对称设置，其中的两个第一连接部21相对称设置。音盆2的中部设有音盆中孔22，音圈3穿入音盆中孔22，音圈3的上端罩设有防尘罩30。音盆2在水平面上的正投影为中部有孔的椭圆形或跑道形，音盆2自边缘至音盆中孔22逐渐向下倾斜，即音盆2的主体部分倾斜设置，大体类似锥形。音盆2也具有一对长边和一对短边。
音盆2还具有多个加强部23，加强部23向上拱起或向下凹陷，多个加强部23分别位于音盆中孔22的相对两侧且对称设置。加强部23沿自音盆中孔22向盆架1的短边112延伸。具体到本实施例中，加强部23由音盆2的局部向上拱起而形成，且整体自音盆2的中部向外辐射延伸。加强部23的数量为四个，每个加强部23的内端靠近音盆中孔22，外端部靠近音盆2的短边，进一步为短边和长边的连接处，整体沿直线延伸。本实施例中，加强部23和音盆2的主体部分一体设置，自音盆2的主体向上拱起形成。而在其他一些实施例中，加强部23可以固定在音盆2主体的上表面或下表面，且整体为条形。第一连接部21位于相邻的加强部23之间。音盆2呈圆角矩形设计结构，并且增加了加强部，与传统的呈椭圆形的音盆相比，本实施例的音盆的刚性较好，在扬声器振动的过程当中会更加稳定，重心较为稳定，定型生产相对容易。
音圈3的上端部穿过音盆中孔22并露出至音盆2的上方，且音圈3和音盆中孔22的孔壁粘合，音圈3的下端部插入磁路系统4的磁间隙40中。音圈3的上端部和一对引线31导通连接；音盆2上开设有引线通孔，盆架1上固定设置有一对焊片32(具体嵌设在盆架1的弹波安装件13中)，引线31穿过引线通孔后和焊片32导通连接。该对焊片32可以用于连接功放等，用于接入要播放的音源。
磁路系统4的数量为一个，磁路系统4包括T铁41、套于T铁41上的磁钢42和前片43，前片43层叠在磁钢42上，前片43的下表面和磁钢42的上表面通过胶水粘合；磁钢42层叠于T铁41的底座上，磁钢42的下表面和T铁41底座的上表面通过胶水粘合；前片43及磁钢42具体套于T铁41的柱形部上，该柱形部自T铁41的底座向上延伸。磁间隙40形成于T铁41的外表面和磁钢42及前片43的内表面之间。磁钢42和前片43固定连接于盆架1；具体地，磁钢42和前片43插入磁路系统安装座12中并和磁路系统安装座12固定连接，例如通过胶水粘合。磁钢42可以为永磁体。T铁41的下表面的中部向上凹陷形成第一盲孔；T铁41的柱形部的上表面的中部向下凹陷形成第二盲孔。此外，T铁41的底座的上表面上还设有环绕其柱形部的一圈凹槽。T铁41的底座也可以和盆架1连接，以提高连接强度。
盆架1上还设有连接孔，可通过这些连接孔安装在汽车的内饰板上。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1的区别在于音盆2的形状。参照图6所示，音盆2在水平面上的正投影为跑道形，其中部为矩形，左右两侧部大体呈半圆形。四个加强部23自音盆中孔22向音盆2的左右两侧延伸。
对比例
对比例的汽车扬声器与实施例1的区别在于音盆2。参照图7所示，音盆2上不设置向下凹陷的第一连接部，且不设置向上拱起的加强部。对比例的汽车扬声器的高度与实施例2的汽车扬声器的高度大体一致，其弹波的安装位置略高。
对实施例1、2及对比例的汽车扬声器进行同样的性能测试，失真曲线如图8所示。图8中，最粗的曲线代表实施例2的汽车扬声器的失真曲线，较粗的曲线代表实施例3的汽车扬声器的失真曲线，最细的曲线代表采用对比例的音盆2的汽车扬声器的失真曲线。可以看出，实施例2和实施例3的扬声器在各个频段的总谐波失真度均低于采用对比例的音盆2的扬声器，其声音效果更靠近原声，失真度较小。
上述实施例的音盆2避免了如下问题：音盆2并非完全的刚性体，受其本身的加工工艺、材质不均等的影响，音盆2体在振动时会产生分割振动，造成在扬声器频率的中频区和高频 区出现波峰和/或波谷，导致失真。上述实施例的音盆2可有效降低失真。
上述实施例的汽车扬声器，降低了扬声器的总高度，增加扬声器的振动幅度，有效降低扬声器的谐振频率从而提升低频的深沉度，解决了传统扬声器结构因定位支片面积减少造成的低音延伸问题，以及没有定位支片时功率小、瞬态失真和音圈3横向运动失真等问题，实现了扬声器小型化大功率的功能，同时能在狭窄空间内安装，节约汽车内空间；通过采用非圆形的音盆2，较普通圆形鼓纸音盆2，扩大了扬声器辐射面积，增加了扬声器的低频量感。该汽车扬声器具有更好的稳定性。
本技术领域技术人员可以理解，除非特意声明，这里使用的单数形式“一”、“所述”和“该”也可包括复数形式。
如本说明书和权利要求书中所示，术语“包括”与“包含”仅提示包括已明确标识的步骤和元素，而这些步骤和元素不构成一个排它性的罗列，方法或者设备也可能包含其他的步骤或元素。
进一步可以理解的是，本公开中“多个”是指两个或两个以上，其它量词与之类似。
进一步可以理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”等用于描述各种信息，但这些信息不应限于这些术语。这些术语仅用来将同一类型的信息彼此区分开，并不表示特定的顺序或者重要程度。实际上，“第一”、“第二”等表述完全可以互换使用。例如，在不脱离本公开范围的情况下，第一信息也可以被称为第二信息，类似地，第二信息也可以被称为第一信息。
本实施例中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，是一种优选的实施例，其目的在于熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种扬声器音盆，包括：
    用于连接盆架的边缘；
    中部，其开设有用于连接音圈的音盆中孔；
    一对长边；和
    一对短边；
    其特征在于，所述音盆还包括多个加强部，所述加强部向上拱起或向下凹陷，多个所述加强部分别位于所述音盆中孔的相对两侧且对称设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器音盆，其特征在于，所述加强部沿自所述音盆中孔向所述音盆的边缘延伸。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的扬声器音盆，其特征在于，所述加强部的内端靠近所述音盆中孔，所述加强部的外端靠近所述音盆的短边。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的扬声器音盆，其特征在于，所述加强部的外端靠近所述音盆的短边的与长边的连接处。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的扬声器音盆，其特征在于，所述音盆在水平面上的正投影为中部有孔的椭圆形或跑道形。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器音盆，其特征在于，所述音盆的局部向上拱起或向下凹陷形成所述加强部。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器音盆，其特征在于，所述音盆具有和多个弹波分别连接的多个连接部，各所述连接部向下凹陷。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的扬声器音盆，其特征在于，多个所述连接部设置于所述音盆中孔的相对两侧并相对所述音盆中孔对称设置，所述连接部位于相邻的加强部之间。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器音盆，其特征在于，所述音盆自所述边缘至所述音盆中孔逐渐向下倾斜。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器音盆，其特征在于，所述音盆的边缘连接有用于连接盆架的轭环。
  11. 一种扬声器，包括盆架、音盆、音圈及具有磁间隙的磁路系统，其中，所述音盆的外边缘连接于所述盆架上；所述音圈的上端部连接于所述音盆的中部，所述音圈的下端部插入所述磁间隙中；所述磁路系统设置于所述盆架上；其特征在于，所述音盆为如权利要求1至10任一项所述的扬声器音盆。
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