WO2024044976A1 - 数据采集装置、方法、系统、电子设备和存储介质 - Google Patents

数据采集装置、方法、系统、电子设备和存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024044976A1
WO2024044976A1 PCT/CN2022/115906 CN2022115906W WO2024044976A1 WO 2024044976 A1 WO2024044976 A1 WO 2024044976A1 CN 2022115906 W CN2022115906 W CN 2022115906W WO 2024044976 A1 WO2024044976 A1 WO 2024044976A1
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Prior art keywords
data
communication
bus
protocol
configuration
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PCT/CN2022/115906
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
康尧磊
李冬
杨晓波
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西门子股份公司
西门子（中国）有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/115906 priority Critical patent/WO2024044976A1/zh
Publication of WO2024044976A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024044976A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical fields of industrial automation and industrial Internet of Things, and in particular to a data collection device, method, system, electronic equipment and storage medium.
  • Edge computing is an important technology in the fields of industrial automation and Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT). Edge computing can bring big data, machine learning, artificial intelligence and other information technologies (Information Technology, IT) into operational technology (Operational Technology, OT), promotes the development of industrial automation.
  • controllers such as PLC
  • I/O input/output
  • I/O input/output
  • the data sent by the input and output modules to the controller need to be transmitted to the edge device or the cloud.
  • controllers are configured and programmed to send received field data to edge devices or the cloud.
  • the data collection devices, methods, systems, electronic equipment and storage media provided by this application adopt non-invasive data collection and release, without the need to modify the original program in the controller, and without consuming additional controller computing resources. .
  • a data collection device including: a bus sniffer and a protocol adapter; the bus sniffer is connected to the communication bus, and the protocol adapter is connected to the data receiving end , wherein the communication bus is used for communication between the controller and at least one input and output module; the bus sniffer is used to collect the controller and the at least one input and output module from the communication bus electrical signals for communication between the two parties, and converts the electrical signals into communication data; the protocol adapter is used to send at least part of the communication data to the data receiving end through a communication protocol supported by the data receiving end.
  • the bus sniffer is used to convert the electrical signal into the communication data according to a built-in bus protocol.
  • the data collection device further includes: a configuration module; the configuration module is configured to receive a data release instruction from a configuration terminal and send the data release instruction to the bus sniffer
  • the bus sniffer is used to filter the target data that needs to be released from the communication data according to the data release instruction, and send the target data to the protocol adapter; the protocol adapter is used to The target data is sent to the data receiving end through a communication protocol supported by the data receiving end.
  • the configuration module is configured to receive IO configuration information from the configuration terminal and send the IO configuration information to the bus sniffer, where the IO configuration information used to indicate the message format of communication between the controller and the input and output module; the bus sniffer is used to convert the electrical signal into message data according to the built-in bus protocol, and The IO configuration information extracts the communication data from the message data.
  • the configuration module is configured to obtain semantic information from the configuration terminal and send the semantic information to the bus sniffer, where the semantic information is used to indicate that the The semantics of the communication data between the controller and the input and output module.
  • the semantic information is input by the user based on the reference message data displayed by the configuration terminal.
  • the reference message data is pre-passed by the bus sniffer.
  • the built-in bus protocol converts the reference electrical signal, which is collected from the communication bus in advance by the bus sniffer; the bus sniffer is used to convert the reference electrical signal according to the built-in bus protocol.
  • the electrical signal is converted into message data, and at least part of the message data is combined with the semantic information to obtain the communication data.
  • the configuration module is configured to obtain protocol configuration information from the configuration terminal, and send the protocol configuration information to the protocol adapter and the data receiving end respectively; the protocol An adapter, configured to send the target data to the data receiving end through a corresponding communication protocol according to the protocol configuration information.
  • the communication bus includes a backplane bus.
  • a data collection method including: collecting electrical signals communicated between a controller and at least one input and output module from a communication bus, wherein the communication bus is used for all communication between the controller and the at least one input and output module; converting the electrical signal into communication data; sending at least part of the communication data to the data receiving end using a communication protocol supported by the data receiving end .
  • a data collection system including: a data receiving end and the data collection device described in any one of the above first aspects; the data receiving end is used to receive the data Collect communication data sent by the device.
  • the data collection system further includes: a configuration terminal; the configuration terminal is used to display the reference message data from the data collection device, and receive the displayed information from the user. Reference the semantic information of the message data input, and send the semantic information to the data acquisition device, wherein the reference message data is obtained by the data acquisition device in advance by converting the reference electrical signal through the built-in bus protocol , the reference electrical signal is collected in advance from the communication bus by the data acquisition device, and the communication bus is used for communication between the controller and at least one input and output module.
  • the configuration terminal is configured to display the reference message data through a user interface, and receive the semantic information input by the user through the user interface.
  • an electronic device including: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a bus.
  • the processor, the memory, and the communication interface complete mutual communication through the bus.
  • Communication; the memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction causes the processor to perform operations corresponding to the data collection method described in the second aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is provided.
  • Computer instructions are stored on the computer-readable storage medium. When executed by a processor, the computer instructions cause the processor to Execute the data collection method as described in the second aspect above.
  • a computer program product is provided, the computer program product is tangibly stored on a computer-readable medium and includes computer-executable instructions, which when executed At least one processor is caused to execute the data collection method described in the above second aspect.
  • the bus sniffer is connected to the communication bus between the controller and the IO module.
  • the bus sniffer can collect the electrical signals communicated between the controller and the IO module from the communication bus and convert the electrical signals Converted into communication data
  • the protocol adapter can then send some or all of the communication data converted by the bus sniffer to the data receiving end through the communication protocol supported by the data receiving end. Since the bus sniffer directly collects electrical signals from the communication bus and converts the electrical signals into communication data, the communication data acquisition process does not require the participation of the controller. Non-intrusive data collection and release are adopted, without the need to modify the original program in the controller. After modification, the data collection and publishing process will not consume additional computing resources of the controller, so that the controller has enough computing resources to collect data from the IO module and control the equipment to ensure that the industrial automation system can operate normally.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a data collection device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an industrial automation system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of message data according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of communication data according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an industrial automation system according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a flow chart of a data collection method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a data collection system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a data collection system according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 601 By collecting electrical signals communicated between the controller and at least one input and output module from the communication bus
  • 603 Send at least part of the communication data to the data receiving end using the communication protocol supported by the data receiving end.
  • Controller 50 IO module 60: Local IO station
  • Configuration terminal 600 Data collection method 700: Data collection system
  • Configuration module 31 Cloud adapter 32: Edge device
  • controllers such as PLC communicate with multiple IO (input and output) modules, and the IO modules can send field data to the PLC.
  • the field data sent by the IO module to the PLC is transmitted to the edge device or the cloud.
  • the edge device or cloud platform analyzes the field data, which can realize functions such as soft sensing and predictive maintenance, making the control and maintenance of the industrial automation system more intelligent. change.
  • the PLC sends the received field data to the edge device or the cloud.
  • the bus sniffer is connected to the communication bus between the PLC and each IO module.
  • the bus sniffer collects the electrical signals communicated between the PLC and each IO module from the communication bus, and collects the collected electrical signals.
  • the signal is converted into communication data, and the protocol adapter can send at least part of the communication data converted by the bus sniffer to the edge device or the cloud through the communication protocol supported by the edge device or the cloud.
  • the bus sniffer collects electrical signals from the communication bus between the PLC and the IO module, and after converting the electrical signals into communication data, sends part or all of the communication data to the edge device or the cloud, data collection, conversion and transmission
  • the process does not require the participation of the PLC, there is no need to modify the original program in the PLC, and no additional computing resources of the PLC are consumed, so that the PLC has enough computing resources for data collection and equipment control to ensure the normal operation of the industrial automation system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a data collection device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the data acquisition device 10 includes a bus sniffer 11 and a protocol adapter 12.
  • the bus sniffer 11 is connected to the communication bus 20, the protocol adapter 12 is connected to the data receiving end 30, and the communication bus 20 is used for Communication between controller 40 and at least one input output (IO) module 50.
  • the bus sniffer 11 can collect electrical signals communicated between the controller 40 and each IO module 50 from the communication bus 20, and convert the electrical signals into communication data.
  • the protocol adapter 12 can send at least part of the communication data converted by the bus sniffer 11 to the data receiving end 30 through the communication protocol supported by the data receiving end 30 .
  • the controller 40 is connected to each IO module 50 through the communication bus 20.
  • the controller 40 can send control instructions to each IO module 50 through the communication bus 20, so that the IO module 50 controls the connected industrial equipment according to the received control instructions. run.
  • the IO module 50 can collect the operating status information of the connected industrial equipment, and send the collected operating status information to the controller 40 through the communication bus 20, so that the controller 40 can generate corresponding control instructions based on the received operating status information. , and then send the generated control instructions to the IO module 50 .
  • the communication data between the controller 40 and each IO module 50 is transmitted in the form of electrical signals on the communication bus 20.
  • the bus sniffer 11 can collect the electrical signals transmitted on the communication bus, and the combination of high and low levels in the electrical signals can Representing different communication data, the bus sniffer 11 converts the electrical signals into communication data between the controller 40 and the IO module 50 according to the corresponding protocol.
  • the protocol adapter 12 can use different communication protocols to send data, and the protocol adapter 12 can then use the communication protocol supported by the data receiving end 30 to send some or all of the communication data converted by the bus sniffer 11 to the data receiving end 30 .
  • the protocol adapter 12 may send the communication data to the edge device through a communication protocol supported by the edge device.
  • the protocol adapter 12 first sends the communication data to the cloud adapter through the communication protocol supported by the cloud adapter, and then the cloud adapter sends the communication data to the cloud.
  • the protocol adapter 12 can use different communication protocols to send communication data, there is no special restriction on the data receiving end 30. Furthermore, the protocol adapter 12 can send the communication data converted by the bus sniffer 11 to different types of data receiving ends 30. This makes the data collection device 10 have strong applicability.
  • the bus sniffer 11 is connected to the communication bus between the controller 40 and the IO module 50.
  • the bus sniffer 11 can collect the communication information between the controller 40 and the IO module 50 from the communication bus.
  • the electrical signal is converted into communication data, and then the protocol adapter 12 can send part or all of the communication data converted by the bus sniffer 11 to the data receiving end 30 through the communication protocol supported by the data receiving end 30 .
  • the bus sniffer 11 directly collects electrical signals from the communication bus 20 and converts the electrical signals into communication data, the communication data acquisition process does not require the participation of the controller 40 and adopts non-intrusive data collection and release without requiring the controller.
  • the original program is modified, and the data collection and publishing process does not consume additional computing resources of the controller 40. Therefore, the controller 40 has enough computing resources to collect data from the IO module 50 and control the equipment, ensuring that the industrial automation system can operate normally.
  • the communication bus 20 may be a backplane bus (Backplane Bus), and the controller 40 may be a programmable logic controller (Programmable Logic Controller, PLC).
  • PLC Programmable Logic Controller
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an industrial automation system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the controller 40 is connected to the local IO station 60 through the communication bus 20 , and the local IO station 60 is connected to at least one IO module 50 .
  • the controller 40 is also connected to the communication module 70 through the communication bus 20.
  • the communication module 70 is connected to at least one remote IO station 80 through the field bus 90.
  • Each remote IO station 80 is connected to at least one IO module 50.
  • the field bus 90 Supports bus communication protocols such as Profinet and Profibus.
  • Each IO module 50 may be connected to one or more industrial devices.
  • the controller 40 is connected to the IO module 50 connected to the local IO station 60 through the communication bus 20 and the local IO station 60, and then the controller 40 can communicate with the IO module 50 connected to the local IO station 60 through the local IO station 60. communicate.
  • the controller 40 is connected to the IO module 50 connected to the remote IO station 80 through the communication bus 20, the communication module 70, the field bus 90 and the remote IO station 80, and then the controller 40 can pass the communication module 70 and the remote IO station 80 , communicate with the IO module 50 connected to the corresponding remote IO station 80.
  • the local IO station 60 and the communication module 70 connected to the communication bus 20 have respective bus addresses, and different devices connected to the communication bus correspond to different bus addresses.
  • controller 40 accesses the bus address of a device connected to communication bus 20, the device is enabled.
  • the bus sniffer 11 will be enabled for each bus address, that is, when the controller 40 accesses any bus address, the bus sniffer 11 will be enabled, so the controller 40 communicates with any local IO station 60 or communication module 70 During communication, the bus sniffer 11 will collect electrical signals on the communication bus 20, so that the bus sniffer 11 can collect communication data between the controller 40 and each IO module 50, ensuring the comprehensiveness of data collection.
  • the protocol adapter 12 is connected to the cloud adapter 31 and the edge device 32 respectively, and the cloud adapter 31 is connected to the cloud 33 .
  • protocol adapter 12 is connected to cloud adapter 31 and edge device 32 via Ethernet.
  • the protocol adapter 12 can send part or all of the communication data converted by the bus sniffer 11 to the cloud adapter 31 or the edge device 32 through the corresponding protocol. After receiving the communication data sent by the protocol adapter 12, the cloud adapter 31 will receive The received communication data is sent to the cloud 33.
  • the controller 40 can be connected to the IO module 50 through the backplane bus.
  • the controller 40 can be connected to the local IO station 60 and the communication module 70 through the backplane bus.
  • the local IO station 60 and The IO module 50 is connected, the communication module 70 is connected to the remote IO station 80 through the field bus 90, and the remote IO station 80 is connected to the IO module 50, so that the data acquisition solution is suitable for the controller 40 and the IO module 50 through the backplane bus.
  • the connected industrial automation system ensures that the data collection solution has strong applicability.
  • the bus sniffer 11 has a built-in bus protocol. After the bus sniffer 11 collects signals from the communication bus 20, it can convert the collected electrical signals into communication data through the built-in bus protocol.
  • the electrical signal transmitted on the communication bus 20 is generated based on the bus protocol modulation of the communication bus 20 .
  • the bus sniffer 11 collects electrical signals from the communication bus 20, it can convert the electrical signals into communication data between the controller 40 and the IO module 50 according to the bus protocol.
  • the bus protocol used by the communication bus 20 is built-in in the bus sniffer 11, so that after the bus sniffer 11 collects electrical signals from the communication bus 20, it can convert the electrical signals into
  • the communication data between the controller 40 and the IO module 50 ensures the accuracy of the converted communication data.
  • the bus protocol of the communication bus 20 is built into the bus sniffer 11. When the bus sniffer 11 converts telecommunications into communication data, it does not need to communicate with the controller 40, further reducing the consumption of computing resources of the controller 40. occupied.
  • the data collection device 10 also includes a configuration module 13 .
  • the configuration module 13 may receive a data release instruction from the configuration terminal 100 and send the received data release instruction to the bus sniffer 11 .
  • the bus sniffer 11 can filter the target data that needs to be released from the converted communication data according to the data release instruction, and then send the target data to the protocol adapter 12 .
  • the protocol adapter 12 may send the target data to the data receiving end 30 through a communication protocol supported by the data receiving end 30 .
  • the configuration terminal 100 may be an engineering station, and the user can send a data release instruction to the configuration module 13 through the configuration terminal 100.
  • the data release instruction defines the communication data that needs to be sent to the data receiving end 30.
  • the configuration module 13 may send the data release instruction to the bus sniffer 11 .
  • the bus sniffer 11 After converting the electrical signal into communication data, the bus sniffer 11 filters the converted communication data according to the data release instruction, and sends the data that needs to be released to the data receiving end 30 .
  • the configuration terminal 100 can also communicate with the controller 40.
  • the user can send configuration instructions to the controller 40 through the configuration terminal 100 to configure the control logic, control algorithm, etc. of the controller 40.
  • the configuration terminal 100 usually does not communicate with the controller 40 to ensure that the controller 40 can communicate with the IO module 50 normally. This ensures the stability and reliability of industrial automation system operations.
  • the bus sniffer 11 will send all the converted communication data to the protocol adapter 12, that is, all communication data will be determined as target data, and the protocol adapter will 12. Send all communication data to the data receiving end 30.
  • the bus sniffer 11 can also determine all converted communication data as target data.
  • the configuration module 13 can receive the data release instruction and send the data release instruction to the bus sniffer 11.
  • the bus sniffer 11 filters the target data from the converted communication data according to the data release instruction, and The target data is sent to the protocol adapter 12, and then the protocol adapter 12 sends the target data to the data receiving end 30.
  • the communication data between certain IO modules 50 and the controller 40 can be selectively released, and the communication data between the controller 40 and each IO module 50 can also be selectively released. Certain specific data can meet the needs of different users and different application scenarios, thereby improving the applicability of the data collection device 10 .
  • the configuration module 13 can also receive IO configuration information from the configuration terminal 100 and send the IO configuration information to the bus sniffer 11, where the IO configuration information can indicate The message format for communication between the controller 40 and the IO module 50.
  • the bus sniffer 11 can convert electrical signals into message data according to the internal bus protocol, and then extract communication data from the converted message data according to the IO configuration information.
  • the communication data is transmitted in the form of a message.
  • the message also includes source IP address, destination IP address, message length, verification and other information, so The message needs to conform to a certain message format, so that the controller 40 and the IO module 50 can identify the communication data from the received message.
  • the message format is defined by the IO configuration information of the controller 40.
  • the user can send the IO configuration information to the configuration module 13 through the configuration terminal 100, and the configuration module 13 sends the IO configuration information to the bus sniffer 11, and then the bus sniffer is After converting electrical signals into message data according to the built-in bus protocol, the device 11 can extract communication data from the converted message data according to the received IO configuration information, and then issue instructions based on the data to filter out the needs from the communication data.
  • the published target data is sent to the protocol adapter 12, and the protocol adapter 12 sends the target data to the data receiving end 30.
  • the configuration module 13 provides external interfaces such as RESTful and WebSocket.
  • the configuration terminal 100 can send IO configuration information to the configuration module 13 through the interface provided by the configuration module 13 .
  • the bus sniffer 11 converts the collected electrical signals into communication data based on the bus protocol and IO configuration information. As an auxiliary to the bus protocol, the IO configuration information is transmitted between the controller 40 and the IO module 50 When the message data is strictly organized according to the format defined by the bus protocol, the bus sniffer 11 can convert the electrical signal into communication data only according to the built-in bus protocol.
  • the configuration terminal 100 can send the IO configuration information to the configuration module 13, and the configuration module 13 sends the IO configuration information to the bus sniffer 11 , the bus sniffer 11 first converts electrical signals into message data according to the built-in bus protocol, and then extracts communication data from the message data according to the IO configuration information.
  • the bus sniffer 11 can collect the collected power according to the built-in bus protocol and IO configuration information. The signal is converted into communication data, making the configuration process simpler and more convenient, and improving the user experience.
  • the above configuration process can be performed before the industrial automation system is put into production to avoid the configuration process delaying the start of production of the industrial automation system.
  • the bus sniffer 11 can collect reference electrical signals from the communication bus 20 in advance, convert the reference electrical signals into reference message data according to the built-in bus protocol, and then send the reference message data. to the configuration module 13, which sends the reference message data to the configuration terminal 100.
  • the configuration terminal 100 can display the reference message data through the user interface, and the user determines the semantics of the reference message data, and then can obtain the semantic information input by the user, and the semantic information can instruct the controller 40 The semantics of communicating data with the IO module 50.
  • the configuration terminal 100 sends the semantic information to the configuration module 13 , and the configuration module 13 sends the semantic information to the bus sniffer 11 .
  • the bus sniffer 11 converts the collected electrical signals into message data according to the built-in bus protocol, it combines at least part of the message data with corresponding semantic information to obtain communication data.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of message data according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, the message data is pure data, and the information represented by each piece of data cannot be determined.
  • the bus sniffer 11 collects the reference electrical signal from the communication bus 20, and after converting the reference electrical signal into reference message data according to the bus protocol, the configuration module 13 will The reference message data is sent to the configuration terminal 100, and the configuration terminal 100 displays the reference message data. The user configures corresponding semantic information on the configuration terminal 100 according to the reference message data, and sends the semantic information to the configuration module 13 through the configuration terminal 100. The configuration module 13 sends the semantic information to the bus sniffer 11. After acquiring the semantic information, the bus sniffer 11 first converts the collected electrical signals into message data according to the built-in bus protocol, and then combines part or all of the message data with the corresponding semantic information to obtain communication data.
  • the bus sniffer 11 After the bus sniffer 11 combines the message data and semantic information to obtain the communication data, it can also use the communication data as a node name (corresponding to protocols such as OPC UA) or a topic name according to the communication protocol used by the data receiving end 30 (corresponding to protocols such as MQTT or DDS), etc., and then the data receiving end 30 can subscribe to the corresponding topic to obtain communication data, and further process the communication data to achieve soft sensing, predictive maintenance, etc.
  • a node name corresponding to protocols such as OPC UA
  • a topic name according to the communication protocol used by the data receiving end 30 (corresponding to protocols such as MQTT or DDS), etc.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of communication data according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the bus sniffer 11 converts electrical signals into message data 401 without semantics according to the bus protocol. Then the bus sniffer 11 combines the message data 401 with semantic information to obtain communication data with semantics. 402, the bus sniffer 11 then maps the communication data 402 to the topic name 403.
  • the bus sniffer 11 in a scenario where the IO configuration information of the controller 40 cannot be obtained in advance, the bus sniffer 11 first collects a part of the electrical signal as a reference electrical signal, and converts the reference electrical signal into reference message data according to the bus protocol. and then sent to the configuration module 13, which sends the reference message data to the configuration terminal 100 for display. Then the user inputs semantic information into the configuration terminal 100 based on the displayed reference message data, the configuration terminal 100 sends the semantic information to the configuration module 13 , and the configuration module 13 sends the semantic information to the bus sniffer 11 . Then the bus sniffer 11 can combine the converted message data with semantic information to obtain communication data, so that the communication data has semantic meaning.
  • communication data with semantics can also be sent to the data receiving end 30, so that the data collection device 10 can be applied in a scenario where the IO configuration information cannot be obtained in advance, and the data collection device 10 improves the efficiency of the data collection device 10. applicability.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an industrial automation system according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the configuration module 13 can obtain the protocol configuration information from the configuration terminal 100, and send the protocol configuration information to the protocol adapter 12 and the data receiving end 30 respectively.
  • the protocol adapter 12 can send the target data to the data receiving end 30 through the corresponding communication protocol according to the protocol configuration information.
  • Protocol configuration information includes server address (corresponding to protocols such as OPC UA), message server address (corresponding to protocols such as MQTT), domain address (corresponding to protocols such as DDS), etc.
  • the configuration module 13 can send the protocol configuration information to the protocol adapter respectively. 12 and the data receiving end 30, and then the protocol adapter 12 can send the target data to the data receiving end 30 according to the protocol configuration information, and the data receiving end 30 can parse the received target data according to the protocol configuration information, ensuring that the protocol adapter 12 and The data receiving end 30 can communicate normally, and can support communication with data receiving ends 30 using different communication protocols, ensuring that the data collection device 10 has strong applicability.
  • Figure 6 is a flow chart of a data collection method according to an embodiment of the present application. This data collection method can be applied to the data collection device 10 in the previous embodiment. As shown in Figure 6, the data collection method 600 includes the following steps:
  • Step 601 Collect electrical signals communicated between the controller and at least one input-output module from the communication bus, where the communication bus is used for communication between the controller and at least one input-output module;
  • Step 602. Convert the electrical signal into communication data
  • Step 603 Send at least part of the communication data to the data receiving end using the communication protocol supported by the data receiving end.
  • the electrical signals communicated between the controller and the IO module are collected from the communication bus, and the electrical signals are converted into communication data, and then part or all of the converted signals are converted into data through the communication protocol supported by the data receiving end. Communication data is sent to the data receiving end. Since electrical signals are collected directly from the communication bus and converted into communication data, the communication data acquisition process does not require the participation of the controller. Non-intrusive data collection and release are adopted, and there is no need to modify the original program in the controller. The data The collection and publishing process does not consume additional computing resources of the controller, so the controller has enough computing resources to collect data from the IO module and control the equipment, ensuring that the industrial automation system can operate normally.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a data collection system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the data collection system 700 includes a data receiving end 30 and the data collection device 10 in any of the above embodiments.
  • the data receiving end 30 can receive the communication data sent by the data collection device 10
  • the data collection device 10 can collect the electrical signals communicated between the controller 40 and the IO module 50 from the communication bus 20, and after converting the electrical signals into communication data, send part or all of the communication data. 30 to the data receiving end. Since the data acquisition device 10 directly collects electrical signals from the communication bus 20 and converts the electrical signals into communication data, the communication data acquisition process does not require the participation of the controller 40 and adopts non-intrusive data collection and release without the need to modify the original data in the controller. With program modification, the data collection and publishing process will not consume additional computing resources of the controller 40, so the controller 40 has enough computing resources to collect data from the IO module 50 and control the equipment, ensuring that the industrial automation system can operate normally.
  • FIG 8 is a schematic diagram of a data collection system according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the data collection system 700 also includes a configuration terminal 100.
  • the configuration terminal 100 can display the reference message data from the data collection device 10 , receive the semantic information input by the user for the displayed reference message data, and send the semantic information to the data collection device 10 .
  • the reference message data is obtained by converting the reference electrical signal through the built-in bus protocol in advance by the data acquisition device 10.
  • the reference electrical signal is collected in advance by the data acquisition device 10 from the communication bus 20.
  • the communication bus 20 is used between the controller 40 and Communication between at least one IO module 50.
  • the configuration terminal 100 can receive the reference text data from the data collection device 10 and display the reference message data, so that the user can input corresponding semantic information based on the displayed reference text data and add the semantic information to the user.
  • the information is sent to the data collection device 10, and then the data collection device 10 can combine the converted message data and semantic information to obtain communication data including semantics, and then the data collection device 10 sends the communication data to the data receiving end 30. Therefore, in the scenario where the IO configuration information cannot be obtained in advance, the communication data with semantics can also be sent to the data receiving end 30, so that the data collection system 700 can be applied to the scenario where the IO configuration information cannot be obtained in advance, and the data collection system 700 can be improved applicability.
  • the configuration terminal 100 can respond to the user's trigger and send the IO configuration information to the data collection device 10, so that the data collection device 10 can extract communications from the converted message data according to the IO configuration information. data.
  • the IO configuration information can be obtained in advance, the user only needs to send the IO configuration information to the data collection device 10 through the configuration terminal 100.
  • the data collection device 10 can collect the collected IO configuration information according to the built-in bus protocol and the received IO configuration information.
  • the electrical signals are converted into communication data, making the configuration process simpler and more convenient, and improving the user experience.
  • the above configuration process can be performed before the industrial automation system is put into production to avoid the configuration process delaying the start of production of the industrial automation system.
  • the configuration terminal 100 can send protocol configuration information to the data collection device 10 and the data receiving end 30 respectively.
  • the data collection device 10 sends the target data to the data receiving end 30 according to the protocol configuration information, and the data receiving end 30
  • the terminal 30 can parse the received target data according to the protocol configuration information, ensuring that the data collection device 10 and the data receiving terminal 30 can communicate normally, and can support communication with the data receiving terminal 30 using different communication protocols, ensuring that the data The collection system 700 has strong applicability.
  • the configuration terminal 100 can display the reference message data through a user interface (UI), and receive semantic information input by the user through the user interface.
  • UI user interface
  • the configuration terminal 100 provides a user interface, displays the reference message data through the user interface, and receives semantic information input by the user through the user interface, so that the configuration process of the data collection device 10 does not require complex programming and reduces the cost. It meets the professional requirements for configuration users and improves the user experience.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • the specific embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation of the electronic device.
  • the electronic device 900 provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: a processor (processor) 902, a communications interface (Communications Interface) 904, a memory (memory) 906, and a bus 908. in:
  • the processor 902, the communication interface 904, and the memory 906 complete communication with each other through the bus 908.
  • Communication interface 904 is used to communicate with other electronic devices or servers.
  • the processor 902 is configured to execute the program 910. Specifically, it can execute the relevant steps in the above-mentioned data collection method embodiment.
  • program 910 may include program code including computer operating instructions.
  • the processor 902 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present application.
  • the one or more processors included in the smart device can be the same type of processor, such as one or more CPUs; or they can be different types of processors, such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.
  • Memory 906 is used to store programs 910.
  • the memory 906 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.
  • the program 910 can be specifically used to cause the processor 902 to execute the data collection method in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • each step in program 910 please refer to the corresponding steps and corresponding descriptions in the units in the above-mentioned data collection method embodiment, and will not be described again here.
  • Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described devices and modules can be referred to the corresponding process descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described again here.
  • the electrical signals communicated between the controller and the IO module are collected from the communication bus, and the electrical signals are converted into communication data, and then through the communication protocol supported by the data receiving end, the converted part or All communication data is sent to the data receiving end. Since electrical signals are collected directly from the communication bus and converted into communication data, the acquisition process of communication data does not require the participation of the processor. Non-intrusive data collection and release are adopted, and there is no need to modify the original program in the controller. The data The collection and publishing process does not consume additional computing resources of the processor, so the processor has enough computing resources to collect data from the IO module and control the device, ensuring that the industrial automation system can operate normally.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions for causing a machine to perform the data collection method as described herein.
  • a system or device equipped with a storage medium may be provided, on which the software program code that implements the functions of any of the above embodiments is stored, and the computer (or CPU or MPU) of the system or device ) reads and executes the program code stored in the storage medium.
  • the program code itself read from the storage medium can implement the functions of any one of the above embodiments, and therefore the program code and the storage medium storing the program code form part of this application.
  • Examples of storage media for providing program codes include floppy disks, hard disks, magneto-optical disks, optical disks (such as CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD+RW), Tapes, non-volatile memory cards and ROM.
  • the program code can be downloaded from the server computer via the communications network.
  • the program code read from the storage medium is written into the memory provided in the expansion board inserted into the computer or written into the memory provided in the expansion module connected to the computer, and then based on the program code
  • the instructions cause the CPU installed on the expansion board or expansion module to perform part or all of the actual operations, thereby realizing the functions of any of the above embodiments.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, which is tangibly stored on a computer-readable medium and includes computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause at least one processor to Execute the data collection methods provided by the above embodiments. It should be understood that each solution in this embodiment has the corresponding technical effects in the above method embodiment, and will not be described again here.
  • the hardware module can be implemented mechanically or electrically.
  • a hardware module may include permanently dedicated circuitry or logic (such as a specialized processor, FPGA, or ASIC) to complete the corresponding operation.
  • Hardware modules may also include programmable logic or circuits (such as general-purpose processors or other programmable processors), which can be temporarily set by software to complete corresponding operations.
  • the specific implementation method mechanical method, or dedicated permanent circuit, or temporarily installed circuit

Abstract

本申请提供了数据采集装置、方法、系统、电子设备和存储介质，该数据采集装置包括：总线嗅探器和协议适配器；所述总线嗅探器与通信总线相连接，所述协议适配器与数据接收端相连接，其中，所述通信总线用于控制器与至少一个输入输出模块之间的通信；所述总线嗅探器，用于从所述通信总线上采集所述控制器与所述至少一个输入输出模块之间通信的电信号，并将所述电信号转换为通信数据；所述协议适配器，用于通过所述数据接收端支持的通信协议将至少部分所述通信数据发送给所述数据接收端。本方案无需对控制器内原有程序进行修改，并无需消耗额外的控制器计算资源。

Description

数据采集装置、方法、系统、电子设备和存储介质 技术领域
本申请涉及工业自动化和工业物联网技术领域，尤其涉及一种数据采集装置、方法、系统、电子设备和存储介质。
背景技术
边缘计算是工业自动化和工业物联网((Industrial Internet of Things，IIOT)领域的重要技术，边缘计算可以将大数据、机器学习、人工智能等信息技术(Information Technology，IT)带入运营技术(Operational Technology，OT)，促进工业自动化的发展。在工业自动化系统中，控制器(比如PLC)连接多个输入输出(Input/Output，I/O)模块，输入输出模块用于工业设备的控制和数据采集，输入输出模块会将现场数据发送给控制器。为了实现边缘计算，需要将输入输出模块发送给控制器的数据传输到边缘设备或云端。
目前，通过对控制器进行组态和编程，使控制器将接收到的现场数据发送至边缘设备或云端。
然而，通过对控制器进行组态和编程，使控制器将接收到的现场数据发送给边缘设备或云端，需要对控制器配置和程序进行额外的、较复杂的、侵入式的组态和编程工作，会额外消耗控制器的计算资源，且新产生的更改可能会影响控制器原有的数据采集和设备控制功能，进而影响工业自动化系统的正常运行。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请提供的数据采集装置、方法、系统、电子设备和存储介质，采用非侵入式数据采集和发布，无需对控制器内原有程序进行修改，并无需消耗额外的控制器计算资源。
根据本申请实施例的第一方面，提供了一种数据采集装置，包括：总线嗅探器和协议适配器；所述总线嗅探器与通信总线相连接，所述协议适配器与数据接收端相连接，其中，所述通信总线用于控制器与至少一个输入输出模块之间的通信；所述总线嗅探器，用于从所述通信总线上采集所述控制器与所述至少一个输入输出模块之间通信的电信号，并将所述电信号转换为通信数据；所述协议适配器，用于通过所述数据接收端支持的通信协议将至少部分所述通信数据发送给所述数据接收端。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述总线嗅探器用于根据内置的总线协议，将所述电信号转换为所述通信数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述数据采集装置还包括：配置模块；所述配置模块，用于接收来自配置终端的数据发布指令，并将所述数据发布指令发送给所述总线嗅探器；所述总线嗅探器，用于根据所述数据发布指令，从所述通信数据中筛选需要发布的目标数据，并将所述目标数据发送给所述协议适配器；所述协议适配器，用于通过所述数据接收端支持的通信协议将所述目标数据发送给所述数据接收端。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述配置模块，用于接收来自所述配置终端的IO配置信息，并将所述IO配置信息发送给所述总线嗅探器，其中，所述IO配置信息用于指示所述控制器与所述输入输出模块之间通信的报文格式；所述总线嗅探器，用于根据内置的总线协议，将所述电信号转换为报文数据，并根据所述IO配置信息从所述报文数据中提取所述通信数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述配置模块，用于从所述配置终端获取语义信息，并将所述语义信息发送给所述总线嗅探器，其中，所述语义信息用于指示所述控制器与所述输入输出模块之间通信数据的语义，所述语义信息由用户基于所述配置终端展示的参考报文数据输入，所述参考报文数据由所述总线嗅探器预先通过内置的总线协议对参考电信号进行转换获得，所述参考电信号由所述总线嗅探器预先从所述通信总线上采集；所述总线嗅探器，用于根据内置的总线协议，将所述电信号转换为报文数据，并将至少部分所述报文数据与所述语义信息进行组合，获得所述通信数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述配置模块，用于从所述配置终端获取协议配置信息，并分别将所述协议配置信息发送给所述协议适配器和所述数据接收端；所述协议适配器，用于根据所述协议配置信息，通过相应的通信协议将所述目标数据发送给所述数据接收端。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信总线包括背板总线。
根据本申请实施例的第二方面，提供了一种数据采集方法，包括：通过从通信总线上采集控制器与至少一个输入输出模块之间通信的电信号，其中，所述通信总线用于所述控制器与所述至少一个输入输出模块之间的通信；将所述电信号转换为通信数据；以所述数据接收端支持的通信协议将至少部分所述通信数据发送给所述数据接收端。
根据本申请实施例的第三方面，提供了一种数据采集系统，包括：数据接收端和上述第一方面中任一所述的数据采集装置；所述数据接收端，用于接收所述数据采集装置发送的通信数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述数据采集系统还包括：配置终端；所述配置终端，用于对来自所述数据采集装置的参考报文数据进行展示，接收用户针对所展示的所述参考报文数 据输入的语义信息，并将所述语义信息发送给所述数据采集装置，其中，所述参考报文数据由所述数据采集装置预先通过内置的总线协议对参考电信号进行转换获得，所述参考电信号由所述数据采集装置预先从通信总线上采集，所述通信总线用于控制器与至少一个输入输出模块之间的通信。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述配置终端用于通过用户界面展示所述参考报文数据，并通过用户界面接收用户输入的所述语义信息。
根据本申请实施例的第四方面，提供了一种电子设备，包括：处理器、存储器、通信接口和总线，所述处理器、所述存储器和所述通信接口通过所述总线完成相互间的通信；所述存储器用于存储至少一可执行指令，所述可执行指令使所述处理器执行如上述第二方面所述数据采集方法对应的操作。
根据本申请实施例的第五方面，提供了一种算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机指令，所述计算机指令在被处理器执行时，使所述处理器执行如上述第二方面所述的数据采集方法。
根据本申请实施例的第六方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品被有形地存储在计算机可读介质上并且包括计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令在被执行时使至少一个处理器执行如上述第二方面所述的数据采集方法。
由上述技术方案可知，总线嗅探器连接在控制器与IO模块之间的通信总线上，总线嗅探器可以从通信总线上采集控制器与IO模块之间通信的电信号，并将电信号转换为通信数据，进而协议适配器可以通过数据接收端支持的通信协议，将总线嗅探器转换出的部分或全部通信数据发送给数据接收端。由于总线嗅探器直接从通信总线上采集电信号，并将电信号转换为通信数据，因此通信数据的获取过程无需控制器参与，采用非侵入式数据采集和发布，无需对控制器内原有程序进行修改，数据采集和发布过程不会额外消耗控制器的计算资源，从而控制器有足够的计算资源从IO模块采集数据并进行设备控制，保证工业自动化系统能够正常运行。
附图说明
图1是本申请一个实施例的数据采集装置的示意图；
图2是本申请一个实施例的工业自动化系统的示意图；
图3是本申请一个实施例的报文数据的示意图；
图4是本申请一个实施例的通信数据的示意图；
图5是本申请另一个实施例的工业自动化系统的示意图；
图6是本申请一个实施例的数据采集方法的流程图；
图7是本申请一个实施例的数据采集系统的示意图；
图8是本申请另一个实施例的数据采集系统的示意图；
图9是本申请一个实施例的电子设备的示意图。
附图标记列表：
601：通过从通信总线上采集控制器与至少一个输入输出模块之间通信的电信号
602：将电信号转换为通信数据
603：以数据接收端支持的通信协议将至少部分通信数据发送给数据接收端
10：数据采集装置         20：通信总线             30：数据接收端
40：控制器               50：IO模块               60：本地IO站
70：通信模块             80：远程IO站             90：现场总线
100：配置终端            600：数据采集方法        700：数据采集系统
900：电子设备            11：总线嗅探器           12：协议适配器
13：配置模块             31：云适配器             32：边缘设备
33：云端                 401：报文数据            402：通信数据
403：主题名称            902：处理器              904：通信接口
906：存储器              908：总线                910：程序
具体实施方式
如前所述，在工业自动化系统中，PLC等控制器与多个IO(输入输出)模块进行通信，IO模块可以将现场数据发送给PLC。将IO模块发送给PLC的现场数据输送至边缘设备或云端，由边缘设备或云平台对现场数据进行分析，可以实现软传感、预测性维护等功能，使工业自动化系统的控制和维护更加智能化。目前，通过对PLC进行组态和编程，使PLC将接收到的现场数据发送至边缘设备或云端。然而，通过对PLC进行复杂的组态和编程，使PLC将现场数据发送给边缘设备或云端，需要对PLC配置和程序进行额外的、较复杂的、侵入式的组态和编程工作，会额外消耗控制器的计算资源，且新产生的更改可能会影响控制器原有的数据采集和设备控制功能，进而影响工业自动化系统的正常运行。
本申请实施例中，总线嗅探器连接到PLC与各IO模块通信的通信总线上，总线嗅探器从通信总线上采集PLC与各IO模块之间通信的电信号，并将采集到的电信号转换为通信数据，协议适配器可以通过边缘设备或云端所支持的通信协议，将总线嗅探器转换出的至少部 分通信数据发送给边缘设备或云端。由于总线嗅探器从PLC与IO模块之间的通信总线上采集电信号，并在将电信号转换为通信数据后，将部分或全部通信数据发送给边缘设备或云端，数据采集、转换和发送过程无需PLC参与，无需对PLC内原有程序进行修改，也不会额外消耗PLC的计算资源，从而使PLC有足够的计算资源进行数据采集和设备控制，保证工业自动化系统能够正常运行。
下面结合附图对本申请实施例提供的数据采集装置、方法、系统、电子设备和存储介质进行详细说明。
数据采集装置
图1是本申请一个实施例的数据采集装置的示意图。如图1所示，该数据采集装置10包括总线嗅探器11和协议适配器12，总线嗅探器11与通信总线20相连接，协议适配器12与数据接收端30相连接，通信总线20用于控制器40与至少一个输入输出(IO)模块50之间的通信。总线嗅探器11可以从通信总线20上采集控制器40与各IO模块50之间通信的电信号，并将电信号转换为通信数据。协议适配器12可以通过数据接收端30支持的通信协议，将总线嗅探器11转换出的至少部分通信数据发送给数据接收端30。
控制器40通过通信总线20分别与各IO模块50相连接，控制器40可以通过通信总线20分别向各IO模块50发送控制指令，使得IO模块50根据接收到的控制指令控制相连接的工业设备运行。IO模块50可以采集相连接的工业设备的运行状态信息，并通过通信总线20将采集到的运行状态信息发送给控制器40，使得控制器40可以基于接收到的运行状态信息生成相应的控制指令，进而将所生成的控制指令发送给IO模块50。
控制器40与各IO模块50之间的通信数据在通信总线20上以电信号的形式进行传输，总线嗅探器11可以采集通信总线上传输的电信号，电信号中高低电平的组合可以表示不同的通信数据，总线嗅探器11按照相应的协议将电信号转换为控制器40与IO模块50之间的通信数据。
数据接收端30可以是一个或多个，数据接收端30可以是边缘设备或云端。协议适配器12可以使用不同的通信协议发送数据，进而协议适配器12可以使用数据接收端30支持的通信协议，将总线嗅探器11转换出的部分或全部通信数据发送给数据接收端30。当数据接收端30为边缘设备时，协议适配器12可以通过边缘设备支持的通信协议将通信数据发送给边缘设备。当数据接收端30为云端时，协议适配器12首先通过云适配器支持的通信协议将通信数据发送给云适配器，然后由云适配器将通信数据发送给云端。
由于协议适配器12可以使用不同的通信协议发送通信数据，所以对于数据接收端30没有特别限制，进而协议适配器12可以将总线嗅探器11转换出的通信数据发送给不同类型的 数据接收端30，使得该数据采集装置10具有较强的适用性。
在本申请实施例中，总线嗅探器11连接在控制器40与IO模块50之间的通信总线上，总线嗅探器11可以从通信总线上采集控制器40与IO模块50之间通信的电信号，并将电信号转换为通信数据，进而协议适配器12可以通过数据接收端30支持的通信协议，将总线嗅探器11转换出的部分或全部通信数据发送给数据接收端30。由于总线嗅探器11直接从通信总线20上采集电信号，并将电信号转换为通信数据，因此通信数据的获取过程无需控制器40参与，采用非侵入式数据采集和发布，无需对控制器内原有程序进行修改，数据采集和发布过程不会额外消耗控制器40的计算资源，从而控制器40有足够的计算资源从IO模块50采集数据并进行设备控制，保证工业自动化系统能够正常运行。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信总线20可以是背板总线(Backplane Bus)，控制器40可以是可编程逻辑控制器(Programmable Logic Controller，PLC)。下面以通信总线20为背板总线，控制器40为PLC为例，对本申请实施例提供的数据采集装置10进行详细说明，如无特别声明，下述实施例中的控制器40是指PLC，且下述实施例中的通信总线20是指背板总线。
图2是本申请一个实施例的工业自动化系统的示意图。如图2所示，控制器40通过通信总线20与本地IO站60相连接，本地IO站60与至少一个IO模块50相连接。控制器40还通过通信总线20与通信模块70相连接，通信模块70通过现场总线90与至少一个远程IO站80相连接，每个远程IO站80与至少一个IO模块50相连接，现场总线90支持Profinet、Profibus等总线通信协议。每个IO模块50可以与一个或多个工业设备相连接。
控制器40通过通信总线20和本地IO站60，与连接在本地IO站60上的IO模块50相连接，进而控制器40可以通过本地IO站60与连接在本地IO站60上的IO模块50进行通信。控制器40通过通信总线20、通信模块70、现场总线90和远程IO站80，与连接在远程IO站80上的IO模块50相连接，进而控制器40可以通过通信模块70和远程IO站80，与连接在相应远程IO站80上的IO模块50进行通信。
连接到通信总线20的本地IO站60和通信模块70具有各自的总线地址，而且连接到通信总线的不同设备对应不同的总线地址。当控制器40访问某一连接到通信总线20的设备的总线地址时，该设备被启用。总线嗅探器11将为每个总线地址启用，即控制器40访问任一总线地址时，总线嗅探器11均会被启用，所以控制器40与任一本地IO站60或通信模块70进行通信时，总线嗅探器11都会采集通信总线20上的电信号，从而总线嗅探器11可以采集控制器40与各IO模块50之间进行通信的通信数据，保证数据采集的全面性。
协议适配器12分别与云适配器31和边缘设备32相连接，云适配器31与云端33相连接。 在一个例子中，协议适配器12通过以太网与云适配器31和边缘设备32相连接。协议适配器12可以通过相应的协议，将总线嗅探器11转换出的部分或全部通信数据发送给云适配器31或边缘设备32，云适配器31在接收到协议适配器12发送的通信数据后，将接收到的通信数据发送给云端33。
在本申请实施例中，控制器40可以通过背板总线与IO模块50相连接，具体地，控制器40可以通过背板总线与本地IO站60和通信模块70相连接，本地IO站60与IO模块50相连接，通信模块70通过现场总线90与远程IO站80相连接，远程IO站80与IO模块50相连接，使得该数据采集方案适用于控制器40通过背板总线与IO模块50相连接的工业自动化系统，保证该数据采集方案具有较强的适用性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，总线嗅探器11内置有总线协议，总线嗅探器11从通信总线20上采集信号后，可以通过内置的总线协议将采集到的电信号转换为通信数据。
控制器40通过通信总线20与IO模块50进行通信时，通信总线20上传输的电信号基于通信总线20的总线协议调制生成。总线嗅探器11从通信总线20上采集电信号后，可以根据总线协议将电信号转换为控制器40与IO模块50之间的通信数据。
在本申请实施例中，在总线嗅探器11内置通信总线20所使用的总线协议，使得总线嗅探器11从通信总线20上采集电信号后，能够根据内置的总线协议将电信号转换为控制器40与IO模块50之间的通信数据，保证转换出的通信数据的准确性。另外，将通信总线20的总线协议内置到总线嗅探器11中，总线嗅探器11将电信换转换为通信数据时，无需与控制器40进行通信，进一步减少对控制器40的计算资源的占用。
在一种可能的实现方式中，如图2所示，在包括总线嗅探器11和协议适配器12的基础上，数据采集装置10还包括配置模块13。配置模块13可以接收来自配置终端100的数据发布指令，并将接收到的数据发布指令发送给总线嗅探器11。总线嗅探器11可以根据数据发布指令，从转换出的通信数据中筛选需要发布的目标数据，进而将目标数据发送给协议适配器12。协议适配器12可以通过数据接收端30支持的通信协议将目标数据发送给数据接收端30。
配置终端100可以是工程师站，用户可以通过配置终端100向配置模块13发送数据发布指令，数据发布指令定义了需要发送给数据接收端30的通信数据。配置模块13接收到数据发布指令后，可以将数据发布指令发送给总线嗅探器11。总线嗅探器11在将电信号转换为通信数据后，根据数据发布指令对转换出的通信数据进行筛选，将需要进行发布的数据发送给数据接收端30。
配置终端100还可以与控制器40进行通信，比如用户可以通过配置终端100向控制器 40发送配置指令，以对控制器40的控制逻辑、控制算法等进行配置。应理解，在工业自动化系统运行的过程中，即控制器40控制各IO模块50运行的过程中，配置终端100通常不与控制器40通信，保证控制器40能够正常与IO模块50进行通信，进而保证工业自动化系统运行的稳定性和可靠性。
应理解，如果未通过配置终端100向配置模块13发送数据发布指令，则总线嗅探器11将转换出的全部通信数据发送给协议适配器12，即将全部通信数据均确定为目标数据，由协议适配器12将全部通信数据发送给数据接收端30。或者，通过定义数据发布指令，也可以使总线嗅探器11将转换出的全部通信数据均确定为目标数据。
在本申请实施例中，配置模块13可以接收数据发布指令，并将数据发布指令发送给总线嗅探器11，总线嗅探器11根据数据发布指令从转换出的通信数据中筛选目标数据，并将目标数据发送给协议适配器12，进而协议适配器12将目标数据发送给数据接收端30。通过配置终端100向配置模块13发送数据发布指令，可以选择性发布某些IO模块50与控制器40之间的通信数据，还可以选择性发布控制器40与各IO模块50之间通信数据中某些特定的数据，从而可以满足不用用户及不同应用场景的需求，提高该数据采集装置10的适用性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，如图2所示，配置模块13还可以接收来自配置终端100的IO配置信息，并向IO配置信息发送给总线嗅探器11，其中，IO配置信息可以指示控制器40与IO模块50之间通信的报文格式。总线嗅探器11可以根据内总的总线协议将电信号转换为报文数据后，进而根据IO配置信息从转换出的报文数据中提取通信数据。
控制器40与IO模块50进行通信时，通信数据以报文的形式进行传输，由于报文除了包括通信数据外，还包括源IP地址、目的IP地址、报文长度和校验等信息，所以报文需要符合一定的报文格式，这样控制器40和IO模块50才能够从接收到的报文中识别通信数据。报文格式由控制器40的IO配置信息定义。
对于能够获取到控制器40的IO配置信息的场景，用户可以通过配置终端100将IO配置信息发送给配置模块13，由配置模块13将IO配置信息发送给总线嗅探器11，进而总线嗅探器11在根据内置的总线协议将电信号转换为报文数据后，可以根据接收到的IO配置信息从转换出的报文数据中提取通信数据，进而根据数据发布指令，从通信数据中筛选需要发布的目标数据，并将目标数据发送给协议适配器12，协议适配器12将目标数据发送给数据接收端30。
配置模块13对外提供RESTful、WebSocket等接口，配置终端100可以通过配置模块13所提供的接口，将IO配置信息发送给配置模块13。
需要说明的是，总线嗅探器11将采集到的电信号转换为通信数据需要依据总线协议和IO 配置信息，IO配置信息作为总线协议的辅助，在控制器40与IO模块50之间传输的报文数据严格按照总线协议定义的格式组织时，总线嗅探器11可以仅根据内置的总线协议将电信号转换为通信数据。
在本申请实施例中，在控制器40的IO配置信息可预先获得的场景下，配置终端100可以将IO配置信息发送给配置模块13，配置模块13将IO配置信息发送给总线嗅探器11，总线嗅探器11先根据内置的总线协议将电信号转换为报文数据，然后根据IO配置信息从报文数据中提取通信数据。在IO配置信息可预先获得的前提下，用户仅需通过配置终端100将IO配置信息发送给配置模块13，总线嗅探器11便可以根据内置的总线协议和IO配置信息，将采集到的电信号转换为通信数据，使得配置过程更加简单和方便，提高用户的使用体验。另外，上述配置过程可以在工业自动化系统投产之前进行，避免配置过程延迟工业自动化系统的投产。
在一种可能的实现方式中，总线嗅探器11可以预先从通信总线20上采集参考电信号，并根据内置的总线协议将参考电信号转换为参考报文数据，进而将参考报文数据发送给配置模块13，由配置模块13将参考报文数据发送给配置终端100。配置终端100在接收到参考报文数据后，可以通过用户界面对参考报文数据进行展示，由用户确定参考报文数据的语义，进而可以获取用户输入的语义信息，语义信息可以指示控制器40与IO模块50之间通信数据的语义。配置终端100在获取到语义信息后，将语义信息发送给配置模块13，配置模块13将语义信息发送给总线嗅探器11。总线嗅探器11根据内置的总线协议将采集到的电信号转换为报文数据后，将至少部分报文数据与相对应的语义信息进行组合，获得通信数据。
对于无法访问控制器40原始配置的工业自动化系统，或者不允许对控制器40进行停机维护的工业自动化系统，无法预先获取到控制器40的IO配置信息。在没有IO配置信息的情况下，总线嗅探器11虽然可以根据内置的总线协议将电信号转换为报文数据，但转换出的报文数据是纯数据，没有语义信息，数据接收端30无法使用。图3是本申请一个实施例的报文数据的示意图，如图3所示，报文数据为纯数据，无法确定每条数据表示的信息。
对于无法获取到控制器40的IO配置信息的场景，总线嗅探器11从通信总线20上采集参考电信号，根据总线协议将参考电信号转换为参考报文数据后，配置模块13将参考报文数据发送给配置终端100，由配置终端100对参考报文数据进行展示。用户根据参考报文数据在配置终端100配置相应的语义信息，并通过配置终端100将语义信息发送给配置模块13，配置模块13将语义信息发送给总线嗅探器11。总线嗅探器11在获取到语义信息后，首先根据内置的总线协议将采集到的电信号转换为报文数据，然后将部分或全部报文数据与相应的语义信息进行组合，获得通信数据。
总线嗅探器11将报文数据与语义信息相组合获得通信数据后，还可以根据数据接收端30所使用通信协议的不同，将通信数据作为节点名称(对应于OPC UA等协议)或主题名称(对应于MQTT或DDS等协议)等，进而数据接收端30可以订阅相应主题获得通信数据，通过对通信数据作进一步处理，实现软传感、预测性维护等。
图4是本申请一个实施例的通信数据的示意图。如图4所示，总线嗅探器11根据总线协议将电信号转换为没有语义的报文数据401，然后总线嗅探器11将报文数据401与语义信息进行组合，获得具有语义的通信数据402，然后总线嗅探器11将通信数据402映射到主题名称403。
在本申请实施例中，在控制器40的IO配置信息无法预先获取的场景下，总线嗅探器11先采集一部分电信号作为参考电信号，根据总线协议将参考电信号转换为参考报文数据后发给配置模块13，由配置模块13将参考报文数据发送给配置终端100进行展示。进而用户根据被展示的参考报文数据在配置终端100输入语义信息，配置终端100将语义信息发送给配置模块13，配置模块13将语义信息发送给总线嗅探器11。然后总线嗅探器11可以将转换出的报文数据与语义信息相组合获得通信数据，使得通信数据具有语义。因此，在无法预先获取IO配置信息的场景下，也可以向数据接收端30发送具有语义的通信数据，使得数据采集装置10能够适用于无法预先获取IO配置信息的场景，提高了数据采集装置10的适用性。
图5是本申请另一个实施例的工业自动化系统的示意图。如图5所示，配置模块13可以从配置终端100获取协议配置信息，并将分别将协议配置信息发送给协议适配器12和数据接收端30。协议适配器12可以根据协议配置信息，通过相应的通信协议将目标数据发送给数据接收端30。
协议配置信息包括服务器地址(对应于OPC UA等协议)、消息服务器地址(对应于MQTT等协议)、域地址(对应于DDS等协议)等。
在本申请实施例中，由于不同的数据接收端30可能支持不同的通信协议，用户通过配置终端100将协议配置信息发送给配置模块13后，配置模块13可以将协议配置信息分别发送给协议适配器12和数据接收端30，进而协议适配器12可以根据协议配置信息将目标数据发送给数据接收端30，而数据接收端30可以根据协议配置信息对接收到的目标数据进行解析，保证协议适配器12与数据接收端30能够正常通信，而且可以支持与使用不同通信协议的数据接收端30进行通信，保证了该数据采集装置10具有较强的适用性。
数据采集方法
图6是本申请一个实施例的数据采集方法的流程图，该数据采集方法可应用于前述实施例中数据采集装置10。如图6所示，该数据采集方法600包括如下步骤：
步骤601、通过从通信总线上采集控制器与至少一个输入输出模块之间通信的电信号，其中，通信总线用于控制器与至少一个输入输出模块之间的通信；
步骤602、将电信号转换为通信数据；
步骤603、以数据接收端支持的通信协议将至少部分通信数据发送给数据接收端。
在本申请实施例中，从通信总线上采集控制器与IO模块之间通信的电信号，并将电信号转换为通信数据，进而通过数据接收端支持的通信协议，将转换出的部分或全部通信数据发送给数据接收端。由于直接从通信总线上采集电信号，并将电信号转换为通信数据，因此通信数据的获取过程无需控制器参与，采用非侵入式数据采集和发布，无需对控制器内原有程序进行修改，数据采集和发布过程不会额外消耗控制器的计算资源，从而控制器有足够的计算资源从IO模块采集数据并进行设备控制，保证工业自动化系统能够正常运行。
需要说明的是，上述数据采集方法实施例与前述数据采集装置实施例基于同一发明构思，具体内容可以参见前述数据采集装置实施例中的描述，在此不再赘述。
数据采集系统
图7是本申请一个实施例的数据采集系统的示意图。如图7所示，数据采集系统700包括数据接收端30和上述任一实施例中的数据采集装置10。数据接收端30可以接收所述数据采集装置10发送的通信数据
在本申请实施例中，数据采集装置10可以从通信总线20上采集控制器40与IO模块50之间通信的电信号，并在将电信号转换为通信数据后，将部分或全部通信数据发送给数据接收端30。由于数据采集装置10直接从通信总线20上采集电信号，并将电信号转换为通信数据，因此通信数据的获取过程无需控制器40参与，采用非侵入式数据采集和发布，无需对控制器内原有程序进行修改，数据采集和发布过程不会额外消耗控制器40的计算资源，从而控制器40有足够的计算资源从IO模块50采集数据并进行设备控制，保证工业自动化系统能够正常运行。
图8是本申请另一个实施例的数据采集系统的示意图。如图8所示，数据采集系统700还包括配置终端100。配置终端100可以对来自数据采集装置10的参考报文数据进行展示，接收用户针对所展示的参考报文数据输入的语义信息，并将语义信息发送给数据采集装置10。其中，参考报文数据由数据采集装置10预先通过内置的总线协议对参考电信号进行转换获得，参考电信号由数据采集装置10预先从通信总线20上采集，通信总线20用于控制器40与至少一个IO模块50之间的通信。
在本申请实施例中，配置终端100可以接收来自数据采集装置10的参考文本数据，并对参考报文数据进行展示，使得用户可以基于被展示的参考文本数据输入相应的语义信息，并 将语义信息发送给数据采集装置10，进而数据采集装置10可以将转换出的报文数据与语义信息进行组合，获得包括语义的通信数据，进而数据采集装置10将通信数据发送给数据接收端30。因此，在无法预先获取IO配置信息的场景下，也可以向数据接收端30发送具有语义的通信数据，使得数据采集系统700能够适用于无法预先获取IO配置信息的场景，提高了数据采集系统700的适用性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，配置终端100可以响应于用户的触发，将IO配置信息发送给数据采集装置10，使得数据采集装置10可以根据IO配置信息从转换出的报文数据中提取通信数据。在IO配置信息可预先获得的前提下，用户仅需通过配置终端100将IO配置信息发送给数据采集装置10，数据采集装置10可以根据内置的总线协议和接收到的IO配置信息，将采集到的电信号转换为通信数据，使得配置过程更加简单和方便，提高用户的使用体验。另外，上述配置过程可以在工业自动化系统投产之前进行，避免配置过程延迟工业自动化系统的投产。
在一种可能的实现方式中，配置终端100可以分别向数据采集装置10和数据接收端30发送协议配置信息，数据采集装置10根据协议配置信息将目标数据发送给数据接收端30，而数据接收端30可以根据协议配置信息对接收到的目标数据进行解析，保证数据采集装置10与数据接收端30能够正常通信，而且可以支持与使用不同通信协议的数据接收端30进行通信，保证了该数据采集系统700具有较强的适用性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，配置终端100可以通过用户界面(User Interface，UI)展示参考报文数据，并通过用户界面接收用户输入的语义信息。
在本申请实施例中，配置终端100提供用户界面，通过用户界面展示参考报文数据，并通过用户界面接收用户输入的语义信息，使得数据采集装置10的配置过程不需要进行复杂的编程，降低了对配置用户的专业性要求，提高了用户的使用体验。
需要说明的是，上述数据采集系统实施例与前述数据采集装置实施例基于同一发明构思，具体内容可以参见前述数据采集装置实施例中的描述，在此不再赘述。
电子设备
图9是本申请实施例四提供的一种电子设备的示意图，本申请具体实施例并不对电子设备的具体实现做限定。参见图9，本申请实施例提供的电子设备900包括：处理器(processor)902、通信接口(Communications Interface)904、存储器(memory)906、以及总线908。其中：
处理器902、通信接口904、以及存储器906通过总线908完成相互间的通信。
通信接口904，用于与其它电子设备或服务器进行通信。
处理器902，用于执行程序910，具体可以执行上述数据采集方法实施例中的相关步骤。
具体地，程序910可以包括程序代码，该程序代码包括计算机操作指令。
处理器902可能是中央处理器CPU，或者是特定集成电路ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit)，或者是被配置成实施本申请实施例的一个或多个集成电路。智能设备包括的一个或多个处理器，可以是同一类型的处理器，如一个或多个CPU；也可以是不同类型的处理器，如一个或多个CPU以及一个或多个ASIC。
存储器906，用于存储程序910。存储器906可能包含高速RAM存储器，也可能还包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory)，例如至少一个磁盘存储器。
程序910具体可以用于使得处理器902执行前述任一实施例中的数据采集方法。
程序910中各步骤的具体实现可以参见上述数据采集方法实施例中的相应步骤和单元中对应的描述，在此不赘述。所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的设备和模块的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程描述，在此不再赘述。
通过本实施例的电子设备，从通信总线上采集控制器与IO模块之间通信的电信号，并将电信号转换为通信数据，进而通过数据接收端支持的通信协议，将转换出的部分或全部通信数据发送给数据接收端。由于直接从通信总线上采集电信号，并将电信号转换为通信数据，因此通信数据的获取过程无需处理器参与，采用非侵入式数据采集和发布，无需对控制器内原有程序进行修改，数据采集和发布过程不会额外消耗处理器的计算资源，从而处理器有足够的计算资源从IO模块采集数据并进行设备控制，保证工业自动化系统能够正常运行。
计算机可读存储介质
本申请还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，存储用于使一机器执行如本文所述的数据采集方法的指令。具体地，可以提供配有存储介质的系统或者装置，在该存储介质上存储着实现上述实施例中任一实施例的功能的软件程序代码，且使该系统或者装置的计算机(或CPU或MPU)读出并执行存储在存储介质中的程序代码。
在这种情况下，从存储介质读取的程序代码本身可实现上述实施例中任何一项实施例的功能，因此程序代码和存储程序代码的存储介质构成了本申请的一部分。
用于提供程序代码的存储介质实施例包括软盘、硬盘、磁光盘、光盘(如CD-ROM、CD-R、CD-RW、DVD-ROM、DVD-RAM、DVD-RW、DVD+RW)、磁带、非易失性存储卡和ROM。可选择地，可以由通信网络从服务器计算机上下载程序代码。
此外，应该清楚的是，不仅可以通过执行计算机所读出的程序代码，而且可以通过基于程序代码的指令使计算机上操作的操作系统等来完成部分或者全部的实际操作，从而实现上述实施例中任意一项实施例的功能。
此外，可以理解的是，将由存储介质读出的程序代码写到插入计算机内的扩展板中所设置的存储器中或者写到与计算机相连接的扩展模块中设置的存储器中，随后基于程序代码的指令使安装在扩展板或者扩展模块上的CPU等来执行部分和全部实际操作，从而实现上述实施例中任一实施例的功能。
计算机程序产品
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品被有形地存储在计算机可读介质上并且包括计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令在被执行时使至少一个处理器执行上述各实施例提供的数据采集方法。应理解，本实施例中的各方案具有上述方法实施例中对应的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，上述各流程和各装置结构图中不是所有的步骤和模块都是必须的，可以根据实际的需要忽略某些步骤或模块。各步骤的执行顺序不是固定的，可以根据需要进行调整。上述各实施例中描述的系统结构可以是物理结构，也可以是逻辑结构，即，有些模块可能由同一物理实体实现，或者，有些模块可能分由多个物理实体实现，或者，可以由多个独立设备中的某些部件共同实现。
以上各实施例中，硬件模块可以通过机械方式或电气方式实现。例如，一个硬件模块可以包括永久性专用的电路或逻辑(如专门的处理器，FPGA或ASIC)来完成相应操作。硬件模块还可以包括可编程逻辑或电路(如通用处理器或其它可编程处理器)，可以由软件进行临时的设置以完成相应操作。具体的实现方式(机械方式、或专用的永久性电路、或者临时设置的电路)可以基于成本和时间上的考虑来确定。
上文通过附图和优选实施例对本申请进行了详细展示和说明，然而本申请不限于这些已揭示的实施例，基与上述多个实施例本领域技术人员可以知晓，可以组合上述不同实施例中的代码审核手段得到本申请更多的实施例，这些实施例也在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种数据采集装置(10)，包括：总线嗅探器(11)和协议适配器(12)；
    所述总线嗅探器(11)与通信总线(20)相连接，所述协议适配器(12)与数据接收端(30)相连接，其中，所述通信总线(20)用于控制器(40)与至少一个输入输出模块(50)之间的通信；
    所述总线嗅探器(11)，用于从所述通信总线(20)上采集所述控制器(40)与所述至少一个输入输出模块(50)之间通信的电信号，并将所述电信号转换为通信数据；
    所述协议适配器(12)，用于通过所述数据接收端(30)支持的通信协议将至少部分所述通信数据发送给所述数据接收端(30)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，
    所述总线嗅探器(11)，用于根据内置的总线协议，将所述电信号转换为所述通信数据。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述装置还包括：配置模块(13)；
    所述配置模块(13)，用于接收来自配置终端(100)的数据发布指令，并将所述数据发布指令发送给所述总线嗅探器(11)；
    所述总线嗅探器(11)，用于根据所述数据发布指令，从所述通信数据中筛选需要发布的目标数据，并将所述目标数据发送给所述协议适配器(12)；
    所述协议适配器(12)，用于通过所述数据接收端(30)支持的通信协议将所述目标数据发送给所述数据接收端(30)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的装置，其中，
    所述配置模块(13)，用于接收来自所述配置终端(100)的IO配置信息，并将所述IO配置信息发送给所述总线嗅探器(11)，其中，所述IO配置信息用于指示所述控制器(40)与所述输入输出模块(50)之间通信的报文格式；
    所述总线嗅探器(11)，用于根据内置的总线协议，将所述电信号转换为报文数据，并根据所述IO配置信息从所述报文数据中提取所述通信数据。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的装置，其中，
    所述配置模块(13)，用于从所述配置终端(100)获取语义信息，并将所述语义信息发送给所述总线嗅探器(11)，其中，所述语义信息用于指示所述控制器(40)与所述输入输出模块(50)之间通信数据的语义，所述语义信息由用户基于所述配置终端(100)展示的参考报文数据输入，所述参考报文数据由所述总线嗅探器(11)预先通过内置的总线协议对参考电信号进行转换获得，所述参考电信号由所述总线嗅探器(11)预先从所述通信总线(20)上采集；
    所述总线嗅探器(11)，用于根据内置的总线协议，将所述电信号转换为报文数据，并将 至少部分所述报文数据与所述语义信息进行组合，获得所述通信数据。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的装置，其中，
    所述配置模块(13)，用于从所述配置终端(100)获取协议配置信息，并分别将所述协议配置信息发送给所述协议适配器(12)和所述数据接收端(30)；
    所述协议适配器(12)，用于根据所述协议配置信息，通过相应的通信协议将所述目标数据发送给所述数据接收端(30)。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一所述的装置，其中，所述通信总线(20)包括背板总线。
  8. 一种数据采集方法(600)，包括：
    通过从通信总线(20)上采集控制器(40)与至少一个输入输出模块(50)之间通信的电信号，其中，所述通信总线(20)用于所述控制器(40)与所述至少一个输入输出模块(50)之间的通信；
    将所述电信号转换为通信数据；
    以所述数据接收端(30)支持的通信协议将至少部分所述通信数据发送给所述数据接收端(30)。
  9. 一种数据采集系统(700)，包括：数据接收端(30)和权利要求1-7中任一所述的数据采集装置(10)；
    所述数据接收端(30)，用于接收所述数据采集装置(10)发送的通信数据。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的系统，其中，所述系统还包括：配置终端(100)；
    所述配置终端(100)，用于对来自所述数据采集装置(10)的参考报文数据进行展示，接收用户针对所展示的所述参考报文数据输入的语义信息，并将所述语义信息发送给所述数据采集装置(10)，其中，所述参考报文数据由所述数据采集装置(10)预先通过内置的总线协议对参考电信号进行转换获得，所述参考电信号由所述数据采集装置(10)预先从通信总线(20)上采集，所述通信总线(20)用于控制器(40)与至少一个输入输出模块(50)之间的通信。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的系统，其中，
    所述配置终端(100)，用于通过用户界面展示所述参考报文数据，并通过用户界面接收用户输入的所述语义信息。
  12. 一种电子设备(900)，包括：处理器(902)、通信接口(904)、存储器(906)和总 线(908)，所述处理器(902)、所述通信接口(904)和所述存储器(906)通过所述总线(908)完成相互间的通信；
    所述存储器(906)用于存储至少一可执行指令，所述可执行指令使所述处理器(902)执行如权利要求8所述数据采集方法(600)对应的操作。
  13. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机指令，所述计算机指令在被处理器执行时，使所述处理器执行权利要求8所述的方法。
  14. 一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品被有形地存储在计算机可读介质上并且包括计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令在被执行时使至少一个处理器执行根据权利要求8所述的方法。
PCT/CN2022/115906 2022-08-30 2022-08-30 数据采集装置、方法、系统、电子设备和存储介质 WO2024044976A1 (zh)

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