WO2024042181A1 - Installation for treating frass from insect breeding - Google Patents
Installation for treating frass from insect breeding Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024042181A1 WO2024042181A1 PCT/EP2023/073269 EP2023073269W WO2024042181A1 WO 2024042181 A1 WO2024042181 A1 WO 2024042181A1 EP 2023073269 W EP2023073269 W EP 2023073269W WO 2024042181 A1 WO2024042181 A1 WO 2024042181A1
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- Prior art keywords
- frass
- installation according
- larvae
- switch
- outlets
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000709785 Hermetia illucens Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001136249 Agriotes lineatus Species 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000500891 Insecta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001481656 Stratiomyidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002211 methanization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001155998 Anthonomus rubi Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001427543 Elateridae Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000000231 Sesamum indicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000254109 Tenebrio molitor Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001764 biostimulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013072 incoming material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001739 rebound effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of treatment of frass which is a co-product of insect breeding consisting of a mixture of insect larvae droppings and remains of substrate not consumed by insect larvae and molts. larvae.
- the present invention relates in particular to the frass of the black soldier fly Hermetia Illucens.
- Patent US10842138B1 concerns a system and method for containing and rearing insect larvae for processing organic matter.
- the system includes a shelf arrangement containing trays for culturing larvae and collecting feces.
- the shelves are maintained in a controlled environment and adapted to receive applications of prepared raw material for conversion to insect biomass.
- a larvae and droppings collection system is also provided.
- Patent CN110961341A describes a screening plant for separating worm pupae, larvae and excrement from yellow mealworms, comprising a rectangular housing with a larvae screen, a worm excrement screen, and a vibrating mechanism driving the mixing which contains the worm pupa, larva and worm excreta towards the outlet end of the installation.
- frass valorization system must be able to operate independently of other zones of an insect breeding installation, and in particular from the breeding zone and the larvae processing zone, in order to have a robust overall installation.
- the present invention relates in its most general sense to an installation for processing frass coming from an insect breeding characterized in that the flow of frass feeds a switch having at least two outlets for directing the frass towards at least two different treatment systems.
- one of the outlets of said switch leads to a storage system.
- one of the outlets of said switch leads to a heat treatment system for devitalization of residual living materials.
- one of the outlets of said switch opens towards a granulation system.
- said switch is a switch that can be controlled using pneumatic cylinders.
- the collected frass is transported to the switch by a bucket conveyor.
- the frass flow comes from a particle size separation of the frass and the insect larvae.
- the installation includes a buffer hopper providing waiting storage making it possible to adapt the arrival of the material to be screened according to the capacity of the screen, via a controlled sluice.
- the installation includes an additional feed lock for the introduction of a mixture of larvae and frass coming from another breeding site.
- the present invention relates to an installation making it possible to produce under industrial conditions frass packaged in the form of granules to allow its spreading as a fertilizer product with standard agricultural equipment or use by consumers in their garden, vegetable garden and indoor plants or balcony.
- Frass in its raw form is a powdery product, having a variable humidity level between 35% and 65%, a density of approximately 300 kg/m 3 and containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which makes it a material of choice for the manufacture of organic fertilizer.
- Raw frass also contains chitin with biostimulating properties.
- the invention concerns the transformation of frass into granules for agricultural use or by consumers (houseplants, vegetable gardens, gardens), in the form of spreading fertilizer.
- These granules with a diameter of 4 to 5 mm are stable and resistant; they have a density of around 600 to 700 kg/m 3 , a humidity level of between 7% and 15%, and good resistance to fragmentation while disintegrating easily when brought into contact with water.
- Fresh larvae are produced in the rearing area. The larvae evolve and grow directly in their breeding substrate, in multi-stage modules.
- the substrate is consumed by the larvae and the rearing environment gradually evolves towards frass (mixture of larval droppings, substrate remains and larval moults).
- the multi-stage modules are returned to the rearing area and the contents of the modules are conveyed to an area sorting by chain conveyors.
- the larvae and frass mixture is transferred from an automatic turner to a hopper located above a separator screen. From the hopper, the sieve is fed via a lock positioned under the hopper. The flow rate of the larvae and frass mixture sent to the sieve is controlled by changing the rotation speed of the sluice.
- the frass and larvae mixture can be sorted by particle size.
- frass is mainly made up of a wet powder, with a particle size of less than a millimeter.
- the larvae can be compared to cylinders with a diameter between 3 and 5 mm and a length between 8 and 12 mm.
- a separation by particle size is therefore used by using a “trampoline” type sieve.
- the mesh of the sieve evolves with a trampoline effect, that is to say that the mesh extends then relaxes, creating a rebound effect of the material.
- This sieve is particularly suitable for clogging materials such as frass which is a powdery material with variable humidity between 35 and 65% RH.
- the frass passes through the mesh gradually along the length of the sieve.
- the frass is collected under the sieve.
- the larvae remain above the mesh and travel along the entire length of the sieve.
- the width and length of the sieve are chosen to ensure the treatment of the nominal instantaneous flow rate of incoming material (larvae and frass mixture), and ensure the best separation between larvae and frass, with a compromise between purity and yield.
- the configuration leads to favoring either the purity of the larvae fraction or the purity of the frass fraction.
- This first sieving step via the trampoline sieve allows the powdery frass to be separated from the larvae and other foreign bodies having a size greater than or equal to that of the larvae.
- the larvae are then separated from other bodies of larger size via another sieving step using a circular screen.
- the frass separated from the larvae by the trampoline screen is collected by a chain conveyor directly under this screen and directed to a bucket elevator which allows vertical handling of the frass.
- a three-way switch allows the frass to be directed along one of the routes:
- Route 1 - To the storage system (bins) via a series of chain conveyors. This route makes it possible to modulate the volume of frass to be treated and to provide flexibility to operations by desynchronizing the treatment of larvae and the treatment of frass. The operator can choose to store frass (and therefore not prevent the transformation of larvae) firstly, then to process it secondly without having to run two processing workshops simultaneously.
- Path 2 - Towards a heat treatment system, which makes it possible to produce unprocessed raw frass without living residual larvae towards external valorization routes such as methanization.
- Rejects from the circular screen can also be injected into the conveyor under the sieve.
- the contents of the multi-stage breeding modules come from the breeding zone via a chain conveyor (1).
- the installation optionally provides for the possibility of also introducing a mixture of larvae and frass from another breeding site (3).
- the collected materials are transferred from a chain conveyor (2) to a buffer hopper (4) providing waiting storage making it possible to adapt the arrival of material to be screened according to the capacity of the screen (6), via a controlled lock (5).
- the larvae separated by the sieve (6) fall into a recovery chute (7) and are directed by a belt conveyor (9) towards a circular screen (10) ensuring the separation between the larvae and the residual frass and any bodies foreigners larger than the larvae.
- This residual frass is returned after separation into the flow of frass flowing in the chute (11) under the sieve (6).
- This flow can also receive wrung out frass coming from a screw press (12).
- This screw press allows you to remove the frass accumulated in the hot water used to devitalize the larvae to which frass particles may remain stuck.
- the first track feeds a chain conveyor (16) transferring the raw frass to skips (20).
- This chain conveyor (16) also receives flows from the two other channels. These bins (20) make it possible to store frass exceeding the processing capacity of the processing unit, to then allow the contents to be reinjected into the processing circuit when capacities allow.
- the second route transfers the frass to a heat treatment system to kill residual larvae potentially present in the frass. This makes it possible to recover raw frass directly, for example by methanization.
- this second channel is composed of a buffer hopper (17) and a thermal conditioner (18) making it possible to maintain the frass at the desired temperature for a determined period (typically at 90°C for 2 minutes ). Once the frass is heat treated, it is sent to bins (20) via the chain conveyor (16).
- the third route supplies the frass processing and packaging unit (15), for example a drying and granulation unit for the formation of frass granules.
- the surpluses are transferred to the skips (20), the processed frass in the form of granules is sent to a silo (21) to be stored before shipment.
- the set of bins (20) comprise bins storing raw frass and/or bins storing heat-treated frass.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to an installation for treating frass from insect breeding, characterized in that the frass flow feeds a switch point having at least two outlets for directing the frass to at least two different treatment systems.
Description
La présente invention concerne le domaine du traitement du frass qui est un coproduit de l’élevage d’insectes constitué d’un mélange de déjections de larves d’insectes et de restes de substrat non-consommé par les larves d’insectes et de mues larvaires. La présente invention concerne en particulier le frass de la mouche soldat noire Hermetia Illucens.The present invention relates to the field of treatment of frass which is a co-product of insect breeding consisting of a mixture of insect larvae droppings and remains of substrate not consumed by insect larvae and molts. larvae. The present invention relates in particular to the frass of the black soldier fly Hermetia Illucens.
Depuis quelques années, l’industrie agro-alimentaire s’est intéressée à l’élevage d’insectes, et en particulier de la mouche soldat noir, en raison de leur aptitude à la conversion des déchets organiques, tels que les fruits et légumes (y compris la pulpe de café), la viande et le poisson, le pain et les céréales et les fumiers, en produits de valeur marchande, tels que des aliments pour animaux (terrestre ou aquatique) ou des ingrédients d'aliments pour animaux, aliments pour animaux de compagnie, denrées alimentaires pour la consommation humaine et compléments de croissance pour plantes. In recent years, the food industry has become interested in the breeding of insects, and in particular the black soldier fly, because of their ability to convert organic waste, such as fruits and vegetables ( including coffee pulp), meat and fish, bread and cereals and manures, into products of market value, such as animal feed (terrestrial or aquatic) or animal feed ingredients, food for pets, foodstuffs for human consumption and growth supplements for plants.
Des installations pour l’élevage en masse d’insectes, et en particulier de mouches soldat noir, ont donc été développées et des solutions ont été cherchées pour valoriser les déjections et déchets résultant de ces élevages industriels.Facilities for the mass breeding of insects, and in particular black soldier flies, have therefore been developed and solutions have been sought to recycle the droppings and waste resulting from these industrial breeding operations.
Il est donc apparu nécessaire de prévoir sur les sites d’élevage industriel d’insectes, et en particulier de mouches soldat noir, des équipements pour collecter automatiquement le frass et le transformer pour permettre sa valorisation sous forme de produits phytosanitaires à valeur ajoutée.It therefore appeared necessary to provide equipment on industrial insect breeding sites, and in particular black soldier flies, to automatically collect the frass and transform it to allow its valorization in the form of value-added phytosanitary products.
On connaît dans l’état de la technique le brevet américain US9844223 décrivant un appareil et des procédés de production d'excréments insecticides de mouche soldat noires (Hermetia illucens) et d'utilisation des excréments pour une activité nutritionnelle et de lutte contre les insectes nuisibles dans les sols et/ou sur le feuillage. Les procédés comprennent des procédés d'utilisation des excréments de mouches soldat noires pour réduire les dommages causés aux cultures par les taupins (c'est-à-dire les larves de taupin, dans la famille des Elateridae) et/ou d'autres insectes nuisibles coléoptères (c'est-à-dire les coléoptères). We know in the state of the art the American patent US9844223 describing an apparatus and methods for producing insecticidal excrement of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) and for using the excrement for nutritional activity and for combating harmful insects. in the soil and/or on the foliage. The methods include methods of using black soldier fly feces to reduce crop damage caused by wireworms (i.e., wireworm larvae, in the family Elateridae) and/or other insects beetle pests (i.e. beetles).
Le brevet US10842138B1 concerne un système et un procédé pour contenir et élever des larves d'insectes pour le traitement de matière organique. Le système comprend un agencement d'étagères contenant des plateaux pour la culture des larves et la collecte des excréments. Les étagères sont maintenues dans un environnement contrôlé et adaptées pour recevoir des applications de matière première préparée pour la conversion en biomasse d'insectes. Un système de récolte de larves et d'excréments est également fourni.Patent US10842138B1 concerns a system and method for containing and rearing insect larvae for processing organic matter. The system includes a shelf arrangement containing trays for culturing larvae and collecting feces. The shelves are maintained in a controlled environment and adapted to receive applications of prepared raw material for conversion to insect biomass. A larvae and droppings collection system is also provided.
Le brevet CN110961341A décrit une installation de criblage pour séparer les pupes de vers, les larves et les excréments de vers de farine jaune, comprenant un boîtier rectangulaire avec un tamis à larves, un tamis à excréments de vers, et un mécanisme vibrant entraînant le mélange qui contient la pupe de ver, la larve et les excréments de vers vers l'extrémité de sortie de l’installation.Patent CN110961341A describes a screening plant for separating worm pupae, larvae and excrement from yellow mealworms, comprising a rectangular housing with a larvae screen, a worm excrement screen, and a vibrating mechanism driving the mixing which contains the worm pupa, larva and worm excreta towards the outlet end of the installation.
Les solutions proposées dans l’état de la technique ne sont pas adaptées à une valorisation du frass produit par une installation d’élevage d’insecte industrielle avec une production maîtrisée de produits phytosanitaires adaptées à une utilisation comme engrais.The solutions proposed in the state of the art are not adapted to the valorization of frass produced by an industrial insect breeding installation with controlled production of phytosanitary products suitable for use as fertilizer.
En effet, la composition et les volumes de frass ne sont pas constants et dépendent des conditions de production. De plus, le système de valorisation du frass doit pouvoir fonctionner de manière décolérée des autres zones d’une installation d’élevage d’insectes, et notamment de la zone d’élevage et de la zone de transformation des larves, afin d’avoir une installation globale robuste.Indeed, the composition and volumes of frass are not constant and depend on production conditions. In addition, the frass valorization system must be able to operate independently of other zones of an insect breeding installation, and in particular from the breeding zone and the larvae processing zone, in order to have a robust overall installation.
Afin de remédier à ces inconvénients, la présente invention concerne selon son acception la plus générale une installation de traitement de frass provenant d’un élevage d’insectes caractérisée en ce que le flux de frass alimente un aiguillage présentant au moins deux sorties pour diriger le frass vers au moins deux systèmes de traitements différents.In order to remedy these drawbacks, the present invention relates in its most general sense to an installation for processing frass coming from an insect breeding characterized in that the flow of frass feeds a switch having at least two outlets for directing the frass towards at least two different treatment systems.
Avantageusement, une des sorties dudit aiguillage débouche vers un système de stockage.Advantageously, one of the outlets of said switch leads to a storage system.
Avantageusement, une des sorties dudit aiguillage débouche vers un système de traitement thermique de dévitalisation des matières vivantes résiduelles.Advantageously, one of the outlets of said switch leads to a heat treatment system for devitalization of residual living materials.
Avantageusement, une des sorties dudit aiguillage débouche vers un système de granulation.Advantageously, one of the outlets of said switch opens towards a granulation system.
Selon une variante préférée, ledit aiguillage présente trois sorties constituées par :
- une première sortie débouchant vers un système de stockage,
- une deuxième sortie débouchant vers un système de traitement thermique de dévitalisation des matières vivantes résiduelles,
- une troisième sortie vers un système de granulation.
- a first outlet leading to a storage system,
- a second outlet leading to a heat treatment system for devitalization of residual living materials,
- a third outlet to a granulation system.
Avantageusement, ledit aiguillage est un aiguillage pilotable grâce à des vérins pneumatiques.Advantageously, said switch is a switch that can be controlled using pneumatic cylinders.
Avantageusement, le frass collecté est transporté vers l’aiguillage par un convoyeur à godets.Advantageously, the collected frass is transported to the switch by a bucket conveyor.
Selon une variante préférée, le flux de frass provient d’une séparation granulométrique du frass et des larves d’insectes.According to a preferred variant, the frass flow comes from a particle size separation of the frass and the insect larvae.
Avantageusement, l’installation comporte une trémie tampon assurant un stockage d’attente permettant d’adapter l’arrivée de la matière à tamiser en fonction de la capacité du tamis, par l’intermédiaire d’une écluse pilotée.Advantageously, the installation includes a buffer hopper providing waiting storage making it possible to adapt the arrival of the material to be screened according to the capacity of the screen, via a controlled sluice.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, l’installation comporte un sas d’alimentation additionnel pour l’introduction d’un mélange de larves et de frass provenant d’un autre site d’élevage.
According to a particular embodiment, the installation includes an additional feed lock for the introduction of a mixture of larvae and frass coming from another breeding site.
According to a particular embodiment, the installation includes an additional feed lock for the introduction of a mixture of larvae and frass coming from another breeding site.
Description détaillée d’un exemple non limitatif de réalisation Detailed description of a non-limiting example of production
La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit, concernant un exemple non limitatif de réalisation illustré par les dessins annexés où :
The present invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, concerning a non-limiting example of embodiment illustrated by the appended drawings where:
The present invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, concerning a non-limiting example of embodiment illustrated by the appended drawings where:
La présente invention concerne une installation permettant de produire dans des conditions industrielles du frass conditionné en forme de granulés pour permettre son épandage comme produit fertilisant avec des équipements agricoles standards ou l’utilisation par des consommateurs dans leur jardin, potager et plantes d’intérieur ou de balcon.
The present invention relates to an installation making it possible to produce under industrial conditions frass packaged in the form of granules to allow its spreading as a fertilizer product with standard agricultural equipment or use by consumers in their garden, vegetable garden and indoor plants or balcony.
The present invention relates to an installation making it possible to produce under industrial conditions frass packaged in the form of granules to allow its spreading as a fertilizer product with standard agricultural equipment or use by consumers in their garden, vegetable garden and indoor plants or balcony.
Le frass sous sa forme brute (non transformée) est un produit pulvérulent, ayant un taux d’humidité variable entre 35% et 65%, une densité d’environ 300 kg/m3 et contenant de l’azote, du phosphore, et du potassium ce qui en fait une matière de choix pour la fabrication d’engrais organique. Le frass brut contient également de la chitine aux propriétés biostimulantes.Frass in its raw form (unprocessed) is a powdery product, having a variable humidity level between 35% and 65%, a density of approximately 300 kg/m 3 and containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which makes it a material of choice for the manufacture of organic fertilizer. Raw frass also contains chitin with biostimulating properties.
L’invention concerne la transformation du frass en granulés pour une utilisation agricole ou par des consommateurs (plantes d’intérieur, potager, jardin), sous forme d’épandage de fertilisant. Ces granulés d’un diamètre de 4 à 5 mm sont stables et résistants ; ils présentent une densité de l’ordre de 600 à 700 kg/m3, un taux d’humidité compris entre 7% et 15%, et une bonne résistance à la fragmentation tout en se délitant facilement lorsque mis en contact avec de l’eau.The invention concerns the transformation of frass into granules for agricultural use or by consumers (houseplants, vegetable gardens, gardens), in the form of spreading fertilizer. These granules with a diameter of 4 to 5 mm are stable and resistant; they have a density of around 600 to 700 kg/m 3 , a humidity level of between 7% and 15%, and good resistance to fragmentation while disintegrating easily when brought into contact with water.
Typiquement, une installation de production d'insectes comporte trois grandes zones :
- une zone d'élevage dans laquelle les larves d’insectes sont élevées pour arriver à maturité,
- une zone de transformation des larves d'insectes (notamment pour les transformer en farine riche en protéines et en huile),
- une zone de valorisation du frass.
- a breeding area in which insect larvae are raised to maturity,
- a processing area for insect larvae (in particular to transform them into flour rich in proteins and oil),
- a frass valorization zone.
Ainsi, la zone de valorisation du frass offre trois possibilités :
- un stockage en benne du frass brut,
- un traitement thermique du frass brut,
- la granulation du frass.
- dumpster storage of raw frass,
- heat treatment of raw frass,
- the granulation of frass.
Les larves fraîches sont produites dans la zone d’élevage. Les larves évoluent et grandissent directement dans leur substrat d’élevage, dans les modules multi-étagés. Fresh larvae are produced in the rearing area. The larvae evolve and grow directly in their breeding substrate, in multi-stage modules.
Au cours de la croissance des larves, le substrat est consommé par les larves et le milieu d’élevage évolue progressivement vers du frass (mélange de déjections des larves, de restes de substrat et de mues larvaires). Lorsque les larves ont atteint leur taille et leur âge optimaux pour leur profil nutritionnel et lorsque le milieu d’élevage est prêt à être tamisé, les modules multi-étagés sont retournés en zone d’élevage et le contenu des modules est convoyé vers une zone de triage par des convoyeurs à chaîne. Le mélange larves et frass est transféré depuis un retourneur automatique vers une trémie située au-dessus d’un tamis séparateur. Depuis la trémie, l’alimentation du tamis se fait via une écluse positionnée sous la trémie. Le débit du mélange larves et frass envoyé vers le tamis est contrôlé en changeant la vitesse de rotation de l’écluse.During the growth of the larvae, the substrate is consumed by the larvae and the rearing environment gradually evolves towards frass (mixture of larval droppings, substrate remains and larval moults). When the larvae have reached their optimal size and age for their nutritional profile and when the rearing medium is ready to be sieved, the multi-stage modules are returned to the rearing area and the contents of the modules are conveyed to an area sorting by chain conveyors. The larvae and frass mixture is transferred from an automatic turner to a hopper located above a separator screen. From the hopper, the sieve is fed via a lock positioned under the hopper. The flow rate of the larvae and frass mixture sent to the sieve is controlled by changing the rotation speed of the sluice.
Il est également possible d’injecter du frass brut ou un mélange de frass et de larves en provenance d’un autre site d’élevage ou de bennes de stockage directement dans la ligne de manutention afin de le transformer.It is also possible to inject raw frass or a mixture of frass and larvae from another breeding site or storage bins directly into the handling line in order to transform it.
Le mélange frass et larves peut être trié par granulométrie. En effet, le frass est majoritairement constitué d’une poudre humide, de granulométrie inférieure au millimètre. Les larves sont assimilables à des cylindres de diamètre entre 3 et 5 mm et de longueur entre 8 et 12 mm. Une séparation par granulométrie est donc utilisée en mettant en œuvre un tamis de type « trampoline ». La maille du tamis évolue avec un effet trampoline, c’est-à-dire que la maille s’étend puis se détend, créant un effet de rebondissement de la matière. Ce tamis est particulièrement adapté à des matières colmatantes comme le frass qui est une matière poudreuse à humidité variable entre 35 et 65%HR. Le frass passe au travers de la maille progressivement en parcourant la longueur du tamis. Le frass est collecté sous le tamis. Les larves restent au-dessus de la maille et parcourent le tamis sur toute sa longueur.The frass and larvae mixture can be sorted by particle size. In fact, frass is mainly made up of a wet powder, with a particle size of less than a millimeter. The larvae can be compared to cylinders with a diameter between 3 and 5 mm and a length between 8 and 12 mm. A separation by particle size is therefore used by using a “trampoline” type sieve. The mesh of the sieve evolves with a trampoline effect, that is to say that the mesh extends then relaxes, creating a rebound effect of the material. This sieve is particularly suitable for clogging materials such as frass which is a powdery material with variable humidity between 35 and 65% RH. The frass passes through the mesh gradually along the length of the sieve. The frass is collected under the sieve. The larvae remain above the mesh and travel along the entire length of the sieve.
La largeur et la longueur du tamis sont choisies pour assurer le traitement du débit instantané nominal de matière entrante (mélange larves et frass), et assurer la meilleure séparation entre les larves et le frass, avec un compromis entre pureté et rendement. The width and length of the sieve are chosen to ensure the treatment of the nominal instantaneous flow rate of incoming material (larvae and frass mixture), and ensure the best separation between larvae and frass, with a compromise between purity and yield.
Le paramétrage conduit à privilégier soit la pureté de la fraction larves, soit la pureté de la fraction frass.The configuration leads to favoring either the purity of the larvae fraction or the purity of the frass fraction.
Plus l’objectif est de purifier la fraction larves, plus il faudra accepter d’avoir des larves qui passe dans le frass. A l’inverse, si l’objectif est de maximiser le rendement, il faut à tout prix éviter que des larves passent dans le frass. Le choix a été fait d’accepter d’avoir du frass dans les larves, afin de réduire à moins de 3% en poids le taux de larves dans le frass.The more the objective is to purify the larvae fraction, the more it will be necessary to accept having larvae passing through the frass. Conversely, if the objective is to maximize yield, we must at all costs prevent larvae from passing through the frass. The choice was made to accept having frass in the larvae, in order to reduce the rate of larvae in the frass to less than 3% by weight.
Cette première étape de tamisage via le tamis trampoline permet de séparer le frass pulvérulent des larves et des autres corps étrangers ayant une taille supérieure ou égale à celle des larves. Les larves sont ensuite séparées des autres corps ayant une taille supérieure via une autre étape de tamisage grâce à un crible circulaire.This first sieving step via the trampoline sieve allows the powdery frass to be separated from the larvae and other foreign bodies having a size greater than or equal to that of the larvae. The larvae are then separated from other bodies of larger size via another sieving step using a circular screen.
Le frass séparé des larves par le tamis trampoline est collecté par un convoyeur à chaîne directement sous ce tamis et dirigé vers un élévateur à godets qui permet la manutention verticale du frass.
The frass separated from the larvae by the trampoline screen is collected by a chain conveyor directly under this screen and directed to a bucket elevator which allows vertical handling of the frass.
The frass separated from the larvae by the trampoline screen is collected by a chain conveyor directly under this screen and directed to a bucket elevator which allows vertical handling of the frass.
En jetée de l’élévateur à godets, un aiguillage trois-voies permet de diriger le frass selon l’une des voies :
At the bucket elevator pier, a three-way switch allows the frass to be directed along one of the routes:
At the bucket elevator pier, a three-way switch allows the frass to be directed along one of the routes:
Voie 1 - Vers le système de mise en stockage (bennes) via une série de transporteurs à chaines. Cette voie permet de moduler le volume de frass à traiter et d’apporter de la flexibilité aux opérations en désynchronisant le traitement des larves et le traitement du frass. L’opérateur peut choisir de stocker du frass (et donc de ne pas empêcher la transformation de larves) dans un premier temps, puis de le traiter dans un second temps sans avoir à faire tourner deux ateliers de transformation de façon simultanée.
Route 1 - To the storage system (bins) via a series of chain conveyors. This route makes it possible to modulate the volume of frass to be treated and to provide flexibility to operations by desynchronizing the treatment of larvae and the treatment of frass. The operator can choose to store frass (and therefore not prevent the transformation of larvae) firstly, then to process it secondly without having to run two processing workshops simultaneously.
Route 1 - To the storage system (bins) via a series of chain conveyors. This route makes it possible to modulate the volume of frass to be treated and to provide flexibility to operations by desynchronizing the treatment of larvae and the treatment of frass. The operator can choose to store frass (and therefore not prevent the transformation of larvae) firstly, then to process it secondly without having to run two processing workshops simultaneously.
Voie 2 - Vers un système de traitement thermique, ce qui permet de produire du frass brut non-transformé sans larves résiduelles vivantes vers des voies de valorisation extérieure telles que la méthanisation.
Path 2 - Towards a heat treatment system, which makes it possible to produce unprocessed raw frass without living residual larvae towards external valorization routes such as methanization.
Path 2 - Towards a heat treatment system, which makes it possible to produce unprocessed raw frass without living residual larvae towards external valorization routes such as methanization.
Voie 3 - Vers la ligne de transformation complète du frass pour produire des granulés de frass utilisés comme fertilisant.Route 3 - Towards the complete frass processing line to produce frass pellets used as fertilizer.
Les rebus du crible circulaire (frass sous formes de plaques ou de boulettes) peuvent également être injectées dans le convoyeur sous le tamis. Rejects from the circular screen (frass in the form of plates or pellets) can also be injected into the conveyor under the sieve.
La illustre le schéma fonctionnel de l’installation de valorisation du frass. Le contenu des modules multi-étagés d’élevage provient de la zone d’élevage par l’intermédiaire d’un transporteur à chaine (1). L’installation prévoit optionnellement la possibilité d’introduire également un mélange de larves et de frass provenant d’un autre site d’élevage (3). Les matières collectées sont transférées depuis un transporteur à chaine (2) jusqu’à une trémie tampon (4) assurant un stockage d’attente permettant d’adapter l’arrivée de matière à tamiser en fonction de la capacité du tamis (6), par l’intermédiaire d’une écluse (5) pilotée.There illustrates the functional diagram of the frass recovery installation. The contents of the multi-stage breeding modules come from the breeding zone via a chain conveyor (1). The installation optionally provides for the possibility of also introducing a mixture of larvae and frass from another breeding site (3). The collected materials are transferred from a chain conveyor (2) to a buffer hopper (4) providing waiting storage making it possible to adapt the arrival of material to be screened according to the capacity of the screen (6), via a controlled lock (5).
Les larves séparées par le tamis (6) tombent dans une goulotte (7) de récupération et sont dirigées par un transporteur à bande (9) vers un crible circulaire (10) assurant la séparation entre les larves et le frass résiduel et les éventuels corps étrangers de taille supérieure aux larves. Ce frass résiduel est renvoyé après séparation dans le flux de frass s’écoulant dans la goulotte (11) sous le tamis (6).The larvae separated by the sieve (6) fall into a recovery chute (7) and are directed by a belt conveyor (9) towards a circular screen (10) ensuring the separation between the larvae and the residual frass and any bodies foreigners larger than the larvae. This residual frass is returned after separation into the flow of frass flowing in the chute (11) under the sieve (6).
Ce flux peut aussi recevoir du frass essoré provenant d’une presse à vis (12). Cette presse à vis permet de retirer le frass accumulé dans l’eau chaude utilisée pour dévitaliser les larves sur lesquelles des particules de frass peuvent rester collées.This flow can also receive wrung out frass coming from a screw press (12). This screw press allows you to remove the frass accumulated in the hot water used to devitalize the larvae to which frass particles may remain stuck.
Ces différents flux sont regroupés dans un élévateur à godets (13) alimentant un aiguillage à trois voies (14).These different flows are grouped together in a bucket elevator (13) supplying a three-way switch (14).
La première voie alimente un transporteur à chaine (16) transférant le frass brut vers des bennes (20). Ce transporteur à chaine (16) reçoit aussi des flux provenant des deux autres voies. Ces bennes (20) permettent de stocker le frass excédant la capacité de transformation de l’unité de transformation, pour ensuite permettre de réinjecter le contenu dans le circuit de traitement lorsque les capacités le permettent.The first track feeds a chain conveyor (16) transferring the raw frass to skips (20). This chain conveyor (16) also receives flows from the two other channels. These bins (20) make it possible to store frass exceeding the processing capacity of the processing unit, to then allow the contents to be reinjected into the processing circuit when capacities allow.
La deuxième voie transfère le frass vers un système de traitement thermique permettant d’abattre les larves résiduelles potentiellement présentes dans le frass. Ceci permet de pouvoir valoriser le frass brut directement, par exemple par méthanisation. Dans cet exemple de réalisation, cette deuxième voie est composée d’une trémie tampon (17) et d’un conditionneur thermique (18) permettant de maintenir le frass à la température souhaitée pendant une durée déterminée (typiquement à 90°C pendant 2 minutes). Une fois le frass traité thermiquement, il est envoyé vers des bennes (20) via le transporteur à chaîne (16).The second route transfers the frass to a heat treatment system to kill residual larvae potentially present in the frass. This makes it possible to recover raw frass directly, for example by methanization. In this exemplary embodiment, this second channel is composed of a buffer hopper (17) and a thermal conditioner (18) making it possible to maintain the frass at the desired temperature for a determined period (typically at 90°C for 2 minutes ). Once the frass is heat treated, it is sent to bins (20) via the chain conveyor (16).
La troisième voie alimente l’unité de transformation et de conditionnement (15) du frass, par exemple une unité de séchage et de granulation pour la formation de granulés de frass. Les excédents sont transférés vers les bennes (20), le frass traité sous forme de granulé est envoyé vers un silo (21) pour être stocké avant expédition.The third route supplies the frass processing and packaging unit (15), for example a drying and granulation unit for the formation of frass granules. The surpluses are transferred to the skips (20), the processed frass in the form of granules is sent to a silo (21) to be stored before shipment.
L’ensemble de bennes (20) comportent des bennes stockant du frass brut et/ou des bennes stockant du frass traité thermiquement.The set of bins (20) comprise bins storing raw frass and/or bins storing heat-treated frass.
Claims (10)
- Installation de traitement de frass provenant d’un élevage d’insectes caractérisée en ce que le flux de frass alimente un aiguillage présentant au moins deux sorties pour diriger le frass vers au moins deux systèmes de traitements différents.Installation for processing frass from an insect farm characterized in that the flow of frass feeds a switch having at least two outlets to direct the frass towards at least two different treatment systems.
- Installation de traitement de frass selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce qu’une des sorties dudit aiguillage débouche vers un système de stockage.Frass processing installation according to claim 1 characterized in that one of the outlets of said switch opens towards a storage system.
- Installation de traitement de frass selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce qu’une des sorties dudit aiguillage débouche vers un système de traitement thermique de dévitalisation des matières vivantes résiduelles.Frass treatment installation according to claim 1 characterized in that one of the outlets of said switch opens towards a heat treatment system for devitalization of residual living materials.
- Installation de traitement de frass selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce qu’une des sorties dudit aiguillage débouche vers un système de granulation.Frass processing installation according to claim 1 characterized in that one of the outlets of said switch opens towards a granulation system.
- Installation de traitement de frass selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le flux de frass alimente un aiguillage présentant trois sorties constituées par :
- une première sortie débouchant vers un système de stockage,
- une deuxième sortie débouchant vers un système de traitement thermique de dévitalisation des matières vivantes résiduelles,
- une troisième sortie vers un système de granulation.
- a first outlet leading to a storage system,
- a second outlet leading to a heat treatment system for devitalization of residual living materials,
- a third outlet to a granulation system.
- Installation de traitement de frass selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que ledit aiguillage est un aiguillage pilotable grâce à des vérins pneumatiques. Frass processing installation according to claim 1 characterized in that said switch is a switch controllable using pneumatic cylinders.
- Installation de traitement du frass selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le frass collecté est transporté vers l’aiguillage par un convoyeur à godets. Frass processing installation according to claim 1 characterized in that the collected frass is transported to the switch by a bucket conveyor.
- Installation de traitement du frass selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le flux de frass provient d’une séparation granulométrique du frass et des larves d’insectes.Frass processing installation according to claim 1 characterized in that the flow of frass comes from a particle size separation of the frass and the insect larvae.
- Installation de traitement du frass selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce qu’elle comporte une trémie tampon (4) assurant un stockage d’attente permettant d’adapter l’arrivée de la matière à tamiser en fonction de la capacité du tamis (6), par l’intermédiaire d’une écluse (5) pilotée.Frass processing installation according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises a buffer hopper (4) ensuring waiting storage making it possible to adapt the arrival of the material to be screened according to the capacity of the screen (6) , via a controlled lock (5).
- Installation de traitement du frass selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce qu’elle comporte un sas d’alimentation additionnel pour l’introduction d’un mélange de larves et de frass provenant d’un autre site d’élevage (3).Frass processing installation according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises an additional feed airlock for the introduction of a mixture of larvae and frass coming from another breeding site (3).
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FR2208528A FR3138978A1 (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2022-08-25 | Installation for processing frass from an insect farm |
FRFR2208528 | 2022-08-25 |
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US10842138B1 (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2020-11-24 | Insecticycle LLC | Method, device, and system for use with insect larvae |
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2022
- 2022-08-25 FR FR2208528A patent/FR3138978A1/en active Pending
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US8025027B1 (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2011-09-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Automated insect separation system |
US9844223B2 (en) | 2013-08-02 | 2017-12-19 | Enterra Feed Corporation | Hermetia illucens frass production and use in plant nutrition and pest management |
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EP3606633A1 (en) * | 2017-04-04 | 2020-02-12 | Organic Waste Systems, Verkort O.W.S., Naamloze Vennootschap | Device for the separation of a product in a liquid fraction an in a non-liquid fraction |
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