WO2024040606A1 - 一种可调天线阵列及电子设备 - Google Patents

一种可调天线阵列及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024040606A1
WO2024040606A1 PCT/CN2022/115269 CN2022115269W WO2024040606A1 WO 2024040606 A1 WO2024040606 A1 WO 2024040606A1 CN 2022115269 W CN2022115269 W CN 2022115269W WO 2024040606 A1 WO2024040606 A1 WO 2024040606A1
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Prior art keywords
power division
substrate
feed network
network
antenna array
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PCT/CN2022/115269
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2024040606A9 (zh
Inventor
陈璐
杨晓强
王一鸣
吝子祥
赵维
唐粹伟
张志锋
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方传感技术有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方传感技术有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to CN202280002866.9A priority Critical patent/CN117941178A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/115269 priority patent/WO2024040606A1/zh
Publication of WO2024040606A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024040606A1/zh
Publication of WO2024040606A9 publication Critical patent/WO2024040606A9/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an adjustable antenna array and electronic equipment.
  • dual-polarization or multi-polarization antenna array designs multiple polarization modes can be implemented simultaneously in one antenna unit.
  • dual-polarized antennas based on dual-polarization mode have gradually become a wireless communication system because they can simultaneously transmit two orthogonal electromagnetic wave signals with very little interference between the two and are easy to operate in duplex. It is an indispensable part of the communication system and affects the performance of the communication system.
  • the present disclosure provides an adjustable antenna array and electronic equipment.
  • the specific solutions are as follows:
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an adjustable antenna array, which includes:
  • the plurality of antenna sub-arrays includes a phase shifter, a power division feed network and a plurality of radiating units; the phase shifter and the power division feed network are located on the first substrate and the second substrate, at least some of the radiation units among the plurality of radiation units are connected to the phase shifter through the power division feed network, and the antenna patterns corresponding to the plurality of radiation units at least include The partial pattern of the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate, the orthographic projection area of the power division feed network on the first substrate is smaller than the area of the phase shifter on the first substrate Orthographic projection area.
  • the input port of the power division feed network is connected to the phase shifter, and the multiple output ports of the power division feed network are respectively connected to the corresponding radiating unit.
  • the plurality of radiating units is no less than three, the power division feed network is no less than two, and the number of output ports of each power division feed network is smaller than the number of the plurality of radiating units.
  • the line length and line width of each output port in one of the power division feeding networks are equal.
  • the number of output ports of each power division feeding network is equal.
  • the power division feeding network includes a first-stage power division feeding network and a second-stage power division feeding network, and the output port of the first-stage power division feeding network Connected to the plurality of radiating units, the input port of the first-stage power feed network is connected to the output port of the second-stage power feed network, and the input port of the second-stage power feed network The port is connected to the phase shifter.
  • the first-stage power division feeding network and the second-stage power division feeding network each have two output ports.
  • the number of the plurality of radiating units is four, the number of the first-stage power division feeding network is two, and the number of the second-stage power division feeding network is one, wherein the phase
  • the two adjacent radiating units are respectively connected to the output port of one of the first-stage power division feed networks, and the other two adjacent radiating units are connected to the output port of the other first-stage power division feed network.
  • the input ports of the two first-stage power division feed networks are respectively connected to the output ports of the second-stage power division feed network.
  • the number of the plurality of radiating units is four, the number of the first-stage power division feeding network is one, and the number of the second-stage power division feeding network is one, wherein adjacent The two radiating units are respectively connected to the output port of the first-stage power division feed network, and the input port of the first-stage power division feed network and one of the remaining two radiating units are connected to the The output ports of the second-stage power division feed network are connected respectively, and the other of the remaining two radiating units is directly connected to another phase shifter.
  • the plurality of radiating units there are an odd number of the plurality of radiating units, and every two of the radiating units are respectively connected to the output port of the first-stage power division feed network, and the remaining one of the The radiating unit is connected to the output port of the second-stage power division feed network.
  • the number of the plurality of radiating units is three, the number of the first-stage power division feeding network is one, and the number of the second-stage power division feeding network is one, wherein adjacent Two of the radiating units are respectively connected to the output port of the first-stage power division feed network, and the input port of the first-stage power division feed network and the remaining one of the radiating units are connected to the second The output ports of the stage power dividing feed network are connected respectively.
  • the plurality of radiation units are arranged side by side.
  • the plurality of radiation units are arranged in an array.
  • each of the radiation units has a single polarization structure with the same polarization direction.
  • the single polarization structure includes vertical polarization, horizontal polarization, +45° polarization, -45° polarization, and -45° polarization. Any of ° polarization, right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization.
  • each of the radiation units is a dual-polarized structure including two different polarization directions.
  • the dual-polarized structure includes vertical and horizontal dual-polarization, ⁇ 45° dual-polarization. Any of left and right double circular polarization.
  • the plurality of radiating units include a first radiating unit and a second radiating unit
  • the power dividing feed network includes a first power dividing feeding network and a second power dividing feeding network.
  • the phase shifter includes a first phase shifter and a second phase shifter
  • the output port of the first power division feed network is connected to the first radiating unit and the second radiating unit respectively
  • the input port of the first power division feed network is connected to the first phase shifter through a first feeder
  • the output port of the second power division feed network is connected to the first radiating unit and the third phase shifter respectively.
  • the two radiating units are connected, and the input port of the second power dividing feed network is connected to the second phase shifter through a second feeder.
  • the first phase shifter, the first feeder, the first power division feed network, the second phase shifter, the second feeder and the The second power dividing feed network is made of metal film layers with the same pattern and thickness on the same substrate.
  • a ground electrode is also included on the side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate, and the orthographic projection of each radiation unit on the first substrate completely falls into The ground electrode is within the orthographic projection area on the first substrate, so that the electromagnetic wave signal received by the adjustable antenna array on the side of the second substrate away from the first substrate passes through the ground The electrode is reflected from the ipsilateral side.
  • the antenna pattern further includes another partial pattern located on the side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate, and the other partial pattern and the partial pattern are located on the side of the first substrate.
  • the orthographic projections on a substrate at least partially overlap, so that the electromagnetic wave signal received by the adjustable antenna array on the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate is oriented away from the first substrate and away from the second substrate.
  • One side of the base is transmitted through.
  • an electronic device which includes:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a top view of a 2*2 antenna array composed of four antenna units in the related art
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of one of the cross-sectional structures corresponding to Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic top structural view of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of one of the cross-sectional structures corresponding to Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of one of the cross-sectional structures corresponding to Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic top view structural diagram of one of the antenna sub-arrays in an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 7 is a schematic top view structural diagram of one of the antenna sub-arrays of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic top structural view of one of the antenna sub-arrays of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 9 is a schematic top view structural diagram of one of the antenna sub-arrays of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic top view of one of the antenna sub-arrays of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic top structural view of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic top structural view of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic top structural view of one of the middle antenna sub-arrays of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 14 is a schematic top view of one of the antenna sub-arrays of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 15 is a schematic top view structural diagram of one of the middle antenna sub-arrays of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 16 is a schematic top view structural diagram of one of the middle antenna sub-arrays of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 17 is a schematic top view structural diagram of one of the antenna sub-arrays of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 18 is a schematic top view of one of the antenna sub-arrays of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 19 is a schematic top structural view of one of the antenna sub-arrays of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 20 is a schematic top structural view of one of the middle antenna sub-arrays of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 21 is a schematic top view structural diagram of one of the middle antenna sub-arrays of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 22 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram corresponding to any one of the structures in Figures 19 to 21;
  • Figure 23 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram corresponding to any one of the structures in Figures 19 to 21;
  • Figure 24 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of one of the adjustable antenna arrays provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, which is a reflective antenna array;
  • Figure 25 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of one of the adjustable antenna arrays provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, which is a transmission antenna array;
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic top view of a 2*2 antenna array composed of four antenna units.
  • the lateral spacing and longitudinal spacing of the antenna unit 01 are both 0.5 ⁇ .
  • Each antenna unit 01 corresponds to a phase shifter 02 , and the antenna unit 01 and the corresponding phase shifter 02 are coupled through the feeder 03 , so that the phase shifter 02 drives the antenna unit 01 one-to-one.
  • each phase shifter 02 needs to be coupled to the control line 04 for driving control.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure corresponding to Figure 1, where 05 represents the upper substrate, 06 represents the lower substrate, and 07 represents the floor.
  • the 2*2 antenna array needs to be While considering the lateral spacing and longitudinal spacing of the antenna unit 01, four phase shifters 02, four sets of feed lines 03 and four sets of control lines 04 are arranged in the space of ⁇ * ⁇ .
  • the size of a single phase shifter 02 is large, this is a challenge for the design of the antenna unit 01 and the placement of the array.
  • the design is limited by various factors such as the performance impact between the controllers and the wiring layout of multiple control lines; once the array scale further increases, the difficulty will be even greater.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide an adjustable antenna array and electronic device to save layout space.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a top view of the adjustable antenna array
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the corresponding structure of FIG. 3
  • the adjustable antenna array includes:
  • the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are arranged oppositely, and a plurality of antenna sub-arrays 30 arranged in an array;
  • the plurality of antenna sub-arrays 30 includes a phase shifter 40, a power division feed network 50 and a plurality of radiating units 60; the phase shifter 40 and the power division feed network 50 is located between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, and at least some of the radiation units 60 in the plurality of radiation units 60 are connected to the phase shifter 40 through the power division feed network 50,
  • the antenna patterns corresponding to the plurality of radiating units 60 include at least a partial pattern located on a side of the second substrate 20 away from the first substrate 10 , and the power dividing feed network 50 is on the first substrate 10
  • the orthographic projection area of is smaller than the orthographic projection area of the phase shifter 40 on the first substrate 10 .
  • the adjustable antenna array includes a first substrate 10 and a second substrate 20 arranged opposite each other, and a plurality of antenna sub-arrays 30 arranged in an array.
  • the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 can be a glass substrate, a polyimide (PI), a liquid crystal polymer (LCP), or a printed circuit.
  • Printed Circuit Board (PCB) it can also be ceramic, etc.
  • the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 can also be provided according to actual application requirements, which are not limited here.
  • the specific number of multiple antenna sub-arrays 30 can be set according to actual application needs, and is not limited here.
  • At least part of the plurality of antenna sub-arrays 30 includes a phase shifter 40, a power division feed network 50 and a plurality of radiating units 60.
  • the number of the phase shifter 40 may be one, or may be multiple.
  • the number of power dividing feed networks 50 may be one or multiple.
  • the specific number of the phase shifter 40 and the power dividing feed network 50 can be set according to the specific number of the plurality of radiating units 60 in the actual antenna sub-array 30, and is not limited here.
  • the adjustable antenna array includes two antenna sub-arrays 30 arranged in the array, wherein each antenna sub-array 30 is provided with two radiating units 60, a power division feed network 50 and a phase shifter. 40, but is not limited to this.
  • the phase shifter 40 and the power division feed network 50 are located between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 , and at least some of the radiation units 60 in the plurality of radiation units 60 communicate with the phase shifter 40 through the power division feed network 50 connect. Since the power dividing feed network 50 can divide the signal input into it through the phase shifter 40 into multiple channels and provide them to the corresponding radiating units 60 respectively, in this way, even if the number of radiating units 60 is relatively large and the number is constant, The number of phase shifters 40 can be reduced to a certain extent. In addition, the orthogonal projected area of the power dividing feed network 50 on the first substrate 10 is smaller than the orthogonal projected area of the phase shifter 40 on the first substrate 10 .
  • the power division feeding network 50 is added to the adjustable antenna array, the power division feeding network 50 can be designed to be much smaller in size than a single phase shifter 40 . In this way, while reducing the number of phase shifters 40, the layout space of the adjustable antenna array is effectively saved.
  • the power division feeding network 50 is essentially a part of the feeder line in the adjustable antenna array except the phase shifter 40 and the power division feeding network 50 .
  • the orthogonal projected area of the power dividing feed network 50 on the first substrate 10 is essentially the area of the cross-sectional shape of the partial feed line parallel to the plane where the first substrate 10 is located.
  • the cross-sectional width of this part of the feeder line is much smaller than the width of the cross-sectional shape of the phase shifter 40 and the power dividing feed network 50 parallel to the plane of the first substrate 10 , and the cross-sectional shape of this part of the feeder line is on the first substrate 10
  • the orthographic projection area of is much smaller than the orthographic projection area of the phase shifter 40 on the first substrate 10 .
  • Figure 4 simply illustrates the positional relationship between the components in the adjustable antenna array.
  • the size and shape of each figure do not reflect the true proportions, and are only for schematically illustrating the disclosure.
  • the same or similar reference numbers throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions.
  • orthographic projections of at least part of the radiating unit 60 and the output port of the power division feeding network 50 connected to at least part of the radiating unit 60 on the first substrate 10 at least partially overlap.
  • the output port of the power dividing feed network 50 can be directly connected to at least part of the radiating unit 60 through a (Through Glass Via, TGV) via (H) of the corresponding substrate. Electrical connection.
  • the output port of the power dividing feed network 50 may be coupled to at least part of the radiating unit 60 .
  • the connection method between the power dividing feed network 50 and at least part of the radiating units 60 can also be set according to actual application needs, which is not limited here.
  • the antenna patterns corresponding to the plurality of radiating units 60 include at least a partial pattern located on a side of the second substrate 20 away from the first substrate 10 .
  • the antenna patterns corresponding to the plurality of radiating units 60 include a partial pattern located on a side of the second substrate 20 away from the first substrate 10 .
  • the antenna patterns corresponding to the plurality of radiating units 60 not only include partial patterns located on the side of the second substrate 20 facing away from the first substrate 10 , but also include partial patterns located on the side of the first substrate 10 facing away from the second substrate 10 . 20 on one side, thereby improving the radiation range of the corresponding antenna sub-array 30.
  • the positional relationship between the units in the antenna sub-array 30 in the adjustable antenna array may be as follows.
  • the number of phase shifters 40 in the antenna sub-array 30 and the number of control lines 400 connected to the phase shifters 40 can be reduced to the original 1/Q, where Q is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • Q is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the antenna sub-array 30 includes m radiating units 60 arranged longitudinally, where m is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the spacing between adjacent antenna sub-arrays 30 in the longitudinal direction may be m*0.5* ⁇ . If the feed signals of each radiating unit 60 remain consistent, the scanning angle of the adjustable antenna array in the longitudinal direction is reduced compared to one radiating unit 60 in a sub-array shown in Figure 1.
  • the adjustable antenna array is applied to electronic devices with low longitudinal scanning performance requirements.
  • the antenna sub-array 30 includes n radiating units 60 arranged laterally, where n is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the spacing between adjacent antenna sub-arrays 30 in the lateral direction may be n*0.5* ⁇ . If the feed signals of each radiating unit 60 remain consistent, the horizontal scanning angle of the adjustable antenna array is smaller than that of one radiating unit 60 in a sub-array shown in Figure 1.
  • the adjustable antenna array is applied to electronic devices that have lower requirements for lateral scanning performance.
  • the Q radiating units 60 in the antenna sub-array 30 are not arranged in a m*n rectangle, if the feed signals of each radiating unit 60 remain consistent, at this time, the feed signals of the units between different sub-arrays can be generated Specific performance differences can ensure specific product performance corresponding to the adjustable antenna array.
  • the total power feed network 50 corresponding to the Q radiating units 60 in the antenna subarray 30 may be composed of a 1-Q power feed network plus a feeder 600, where the 1-Q power feed network It can be continuously connected by several 1/2 power feed networks.
  • the line width of the 1/2 power feed network at the asymmetric position is the same as Wire lengths can vary.
  • the arrangement and driving method of the antenna sub-array 30 in the adjustable antenna array can be in various forms, which is mainly reflected in the number of radiating units 60 connected in the antenna sub-array 30.
  • the input port 501 of the power division feed network 50 is connected to the phase shifter 40 , and the multiple output ports 502 of the power division feed network 50 are respectively connected to the corresponding ones.
  • the radiation units 60 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the input port 501 of the power dividing feed network 50 and the phase shifter 40 may be connected in an electrical connection or in a coupling manner, which is not limited here.
  • the multiple output ports 502 of the power division feed network 50 may be arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding radiating units 60.
  • the number of the multiple output ports 502 and the multiple radiation The number of units 60 is equal.
  • FIG. 6 is a top view structural diagram of the antenna sub-array 30 in the adjustable antenna array, there are two radiating units 60 and one power dividing feed network 50 , the power dividing feed network 50 has two output ports 502 and the phase shifter 40 has one. Since the power division feed network 50 includes two output ports 502 , and the two output ports 502 are respectively connected to the two radiating units 60 , in this case, the input port of the power division feed network 50 is input through the phase shifter 40 501 outputs two signals respectively through its two output ports 502, and the two signals can be provided to the corresponding radiating unit 60 respectively.
  • the number of the multiple output ports 502 can also be set according to the specific number of the multiple radiating units 60 in actual applications.
  • three radiating units 60 are connected to three output ports 502 of the power dividing feed network 50 .
  • four radiating units 60 are connected to four output ports 502 of the power dividing feed network 50 .
  • the adjustable antenna array shown in FIG. 3 is essentially a 2*2 array composed of four radiating units 60. Only two phase shifters 40 need to be placed in the array. Compared with FIG.
  • the plurality of radiating units 60 is no less than three
  • the power dividing feed network 50 is no less than two
  • each of the power dividing feed networks 50 is no less than three.
  • the number of output ports 502 of the sub-feed network 50 is smaller than the number of the plurality of radiating units 60 .
  • the number of the multiple radiating units 60 may be three, or may be more than three.
  • the number of the multiple radiating units 60 may be set according to actual application requirements, and is not limited here.
  • the number of power division feed networks 50 can be two or more than two.
  • the number of power division feed networks 50 can be set according to actual application needs. No limitation is made here.
  • the number of output ports 502 of each power dividing feed network 50 is smaller than the number of the plurality of radiating units 60 .
  • each power dividing feed network 50 has two output ports 502 , and the plurality of radiating units 60 has three.
  • some of the multiple power division feed networks 50 have two or three output ports 502 , and the number of the radiating units 60 is five.
  • the number of output ports 502 of each power division feed network 50 can be set according to the performance requirements of the adjustable antenna array, which is not limited here.
  • each output port 502 in one of the power division feed networks 50 are equal.
  • the physical structure of the corresponding power division feed network 50 and the electrical performance of each output port 502 can be ensured to be consistent, and equivalent driving of the corresponding radiating unit 60 by each output port 502 can be achieved.
  • the number of output ports 502 of each of the power dividing feed networks 50 is equal.
  • the number of output ports 502 of each power dividing feed network 50 is two.
  • the number of output ports 502 of each power dividing feed network 50 is three.
  • the specific number of output ports 502 of each power dividing feed network 50 can be set according to actual application needs, and is not limited here.
  • the power division feeding network 50 includes a first-stage power division feeding network 70 and a second-stage power division feeding network 80 .
  • the first-stage power division feeding network 80 The output port 502 of the power division feed network 70 is connected to the plurality of radiating units 60 , and the input port 501 of the first stage power division feed network 70 is connected to the output port of the second stage power division feed network 80 502 is connected, and the input port 501 of the second-stage power division feed network 80 is connected to the phase shifter 40 .
  • the power feeding network 50 may include a first-stage power feeding network 70 and a second-stage power feeding network 80 . There may be one first-stage power dividing feed network 70 or multiple first-stage power dividing feed networks 70 . There may be one second-stage power dividing feed network 80 or multiple second-stage power dividing feed networks 80 .
  • the specific numbers of the first-stage power division feed network 70 and the second-stage power division feed network 80 can be set according to actual application needs, and are not limited here.
  • the output port 502 of the first-stage power division feed network 70 is connected to the plurality of radiating units 60
  • the input port 501 of the first-stage power division feed network 70 is connected to the output port 502 of the second-stage power division feed network 80 connection
  • the input port 501 of the second-stage power division feed network 80 is connected to the phase shifter 40 .
  • the power dividing feed networks at each level may be connected in an electrical connection manner, or may be connected in a coupling manner.
  • the power dividing feed network of the corresponding stage and the phase shifter 40 may be connected in an electrical connection or in a coupling manner, which is not limited here.
  • the signals input to the input port 501 of the second-stage power division feed network 80 through the phase shifter 40 are first output from the output port 502 of the second-stage power division feed network 80, and then each signal is A channel of signals is input to the input port 501 of the first-stage power division feed network 70, and then each channel of signal is output to the corresponding radiating unit 60 through each output port 502 of the first-stage power division feed network 70, thus ensuring that The driving of each radiating unit 60 ensures the performance of the adjustable antenna array.
  • the output ports 502 of the first-stage power division feeding network 70 and the second-stage power division feeding network 80 are two. .
  • both the first-stage power division feeding network 70 and the second-stage power division feeding network 80 are one-drive and two-power division feeding networks.
  • FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 there are four radiating units 60 , two first-stage power division feed networks 70 , and one second-stage power division feed network 80 , where Two adjacent radiating units 60 are respectively connected to the output port 502 of one of the first-stage power feeding networks 70 , and the other two adjacent radiating units 60 are connected to another first-stage power feeding network 70 .
  • the output ports 502 of the electrical network 70 are respectively connected, and the input ports 501 of the two first-stage power division feed networks 70 are respectively connected to the output ports 502 of the second-stage power division feed network 80 .
  • the sub-array is provided with four radiating units 60 , two first-stage power division feed networks 70 , a second-stage power division feed network 80 and a phase shifter 40 .
  • four radiating units 60 are arranged laterally in the same direction.
  • Two adjacent radiating units 60 are respectively connected to the output port 502 of a first-stage power division feed network 70
  • the other two adjacent radiating units 60 are connected to the output port 502 of another first-stage power division feed network 70 .
  • the line length and line width of each output port 502 in each first-stage power division feed network 70 are equal, thereby ensuring the consistency of the electrical performance of each output port 502 and improving the performance of the adjustable antenna array.
  • the input ports 501 of the two first-stage power division feed networks 70 are respectively connected to the output ports 502 of the second-stage power division feed network 80 .
  • the input ports 501 of the two first-stage power division feed networks 70 and the output ports 502 of the second-stage power division feed network 80 can be respectively connected in an electrical connection manner; wherein
  • the input ports 501 of the two first-stage power division feed networks 70 and the output ports 502 of the second-stage power division feed network 80 may be respectively connected in a coupling manner.
  • the line length and line width of each output port 502 in each second-stage power division feed network 80 are equal, thereby ensuring the consistency of the electrical performance of each output port 502 and improving the performance of the adjustable antenna array.
  • the sub-array is provided with four radiating units 60 , two first-stage power division feed networks 70 , a second-stage power division feed network 80 and a phase shifter 40 .
  • Four of the radiating units 60 are arranged in a 2*2 array. As shown in FIG.
  • radiating unit 60 there are four radiating units 60 , one first-stage power division feed network 70 , and one second-stage power division feed network 80 , of which two adjacent ones are
  • the radiating unit 60 is respectively connected to the output port 502 of the first-stage power feeding network 70 , and the input port 501 of the first-stage power feeding network 70 and the remaining two radiating units 60
  • One is respectively connected to the output port 502 of the second-stage power dividing feed network 80
  • the other of the remaining two radiating units 60 is directly connected to the other phase shifter 40 .
  • the sub-array is provided with four radiating units 60 , a first-stage power division feed network 70 , a second-stage power division feed network 80 and two phase shifters 40 .
  • four radiating units 60 are arranged in a 2*2 array.
  • Two adjacent radiating units 60 are respectively connected to the output port 502 of the first-stage power division feed network 70, and the input port 501 of the first-stage power division feed network 70 is connected to one of the remaining two radiating units 60, and
  • the output ports 502 of the second-stage power dividing feed network 80 are respectively connected.
  • the input port 501 of the first-stage power division feed network 70 may be electrically connected to one of the output ports of the second-stage power division feed network, and the remaining two radiating One of the units 60 is coupled to the output port 502 of the second-stage power dividing feed network 80 .
  • the signal input to the input port 501 of the second-stage power division feed network 80 through the phase shifter 40 is input to the first-stage power feed network 80 through the two output ports 502 of the second-stage power division feed network 80 respectively.
  • the output port 502 is input to the corresponding radiating unit 60; the radiating unit 60 directly coupled to another phase shifter 40 can directly receive the signal from the other phase shifter. In this way, while saving layout space, the flexible design of the sub-array structure is ensured and the performance of the adjustable phased array is improved.
  • FIG. 10 there are an odd number of the plurality of radiating units 60 , and every two of the radiating units 60 are respectively connected to the output port 502 of the first-stage power division feed network 70 , the remaining one of the radiating units 60 is connected to the output port 502 of the second-stage power dividing feed network 80 .
  • each of the radiating units 60 is respectively connected to the output port 502 of the first-stage power division feed network 70, the input port 501 of the first-stage power division feed network 70 and the remaining one of the radiating units 60, They are respectively connected to the output port 502 of the second-stage power division feeding network 80 .
  • the sub-array includes three radiating units 60 , a first-stage power division feed network 70 , a second-stage power division feed network 80 and a phase shifter 40 .
  • three radiating units 60 are arranged laterally along the same direction. Two adjacent radiating units 60 are respectively connected to the output port 502 of the first-stage power division feed network 70.
  • the input port 501 of the first-stage power division feed network 70 and the remaining radiating unit 60 are connected to the second-stage power division feed network 70.
  • the output ports 502 of the power dividing feed network 80 are respectively connected.
  • the input port 501 of the first-stage power division feed network 70 is electrically connected to one of the output ports 502 of the second-stage power division feed network 80, and the remaining one radiates
  • the unit 60 is coupled to the output port 502 of the second-stage power dividing feed network 80 .
  • the input port 501 of the second-stage power division feeding network 80 is coupled to the phase shifter 40 .
  • the signal input by the phase shifter 40 to the input port 501 of the second-stage power division feed network 80 is input to the corresponding radiating unit 60 and the corresponding radiating unit 60 via the two output ports 502 of the second-stage power division feed network 80
  • the input port 501 of the first-stage power division feed network 70 is then input to the corresponding two radiating units 60 via the two output ports 502 of the first-stage power division feed network 70 . In this way, while saving layout space, the performance of the adjustable antenna array is ensured.
  • the thickness of the control line 400 coupled to the phase shifter 40 may be smaller than the thickness of the corresponding metal film layers of the phase shifter 40 , the power dividing feed network 50 and the feeder 600 , the number of control lines 400 depends on the number of phase shifters 40. Generally, the number of control lines 400 is consistent with the number of phase shifters 40.
  • the control lines 400 can provide driving signals to the corresponding phase shifters 40, thereby achieving Adjustment of the phase shift degree of the phase shifter 40.
  • the material of the control line 400 can be indium tin oxide (Indium Tin Oxide, ITO), which ensures the driving ability of the phase shifter while taking into account the light transmittance of the antenna sub-array 30 .
  • multiple antenna sub-arrays 30 can be arranged to form a desired array.
  • M antenna sub-arrays 30 can be expanded horizontally and N antenna sub-arrays 30 can be expanded vertically.
  • Each antenna sub-array 30 includes Q radiating units 60, thus forming an antenna sub-array 30 consisting of M*N antenna sub-arrays 30 including A large array of M*N*Q radiating units 60.
  • several different antenna sub-arrays 30 can be freely combined to form various large arrays according to actual application requirements.
  • the plurality of radiating units 60 are arranged side by side. As shown in FIG. 11 , one of the top structural schematic diagrams of the array arrangement is shown.
  • the array includes 3*3 antenna sub-arrays 30 arranged in an array.
  • Each antenna sub-array 30 includes two radiating units 60 arranged side by side, and the array includes a total of 3*3*2 radiating units 60.
  • the plurality of radiation units 60 are arranged in an array. As shown in Figure 12, one of the top structural schematic diagrams of the array arrangement is shown. In this embodiment, the array includes 3*3 antenna sub-arrays 30 arranged in an array, and each antenna sub-array 30 includes four Radiation units 60 arranged in an array.
  • each sub-array in the array and each radiating unit 60 in the antenna sub-array 30 can also be arranged according to actual application needs, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the antenna sub-array 30 and the radiating unit 60 of the array may have multiple polarization forms.
  • each of the radiation units 60 is a single-polarized structure with the same polarization direction.
  • the single-polarized structure includes vertical polarization, horizontal polarization. , any one of +45° polarization, -45° polarization, right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a structure in which both radiating units 60 in the sub-array are vertically polarized;
  • Figure 14 shows two radiating units in the sub-array. 60 are both horizontally polarized.
  • Figure 15 is a structural schematic diagram of the two radiating units 60 in the sub-array that are both +45° polarized.
  • Figure 16 is a structural schematic diagram of the sub-array. The two radiating units 60 are both -45° polarized.
  • the two radiating units 60 in the sub-array are right-handed circularly polarized.
  • Figure 18 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of one of the two radiating units 60 in the sub-array that are both left-hand circularly polarized. The arrows in the figure indicate the polarization direction of the corresponding radiation unit 60 .
  • each of the radiating units 60 is a dual-polarized structure including two different polarization directions, so The dual polarization structure includes any one of vertical and horizontal dual polarization, ⁇ 45° dual polarization, and left and right dual circular polarization.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic structural diagram of one of the two radiating units 60 in the sub-array that are both vertical and horizontal dual polarization
  • Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the two radiating units 60 in the sub-array that are both ⁇ 45°.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic structural diagram of one of the two radiating units 60 in the sub-array that are both left and right dual circular polarization.
  • each radiating unit 60 in the adjustable antenna array is a dual-polarized structure including two different polarization directions.
  • the plurality of radiating units 60 include a first radiating unit 601 and a second radiating unit 602, and the power dividing feed network 50 includes a first power dividing feeding network 90 and a second power dividing feeding network 90.
  • the phase shifter 40 includes a first phase shifter 110 and a second phase shifter 120.
  • the output port 502 of the first power division feed network 90 is connected to the first radiating unit respectively.
  • phase shifter 120 is connected.
  • the input port 501 of the first power dividing feed network 90 is electrically connected to the first phase shifter 110 through the first feeder 130, and the second The input port 501 of the power dividing feed network 100 is electrically connected to the second phase shifter 120 through the second feeder 140 .
  • the input port 501 of the first power dividing feed network 90 is coupled to the first phase shifter 110 through the first feeder 130, and the second The input port 501 of the power dividing feed network 100 is coupled to the second phase shifter 120 through the second feeder 140 .
  • the input port 501 of the first power dividing feed network 90 is coupled to the first phase shifter 110 through the first feeder 130, and the second The input port 501 of the power dividing feed network 100 is electrically connected to the second phase shifter 120 through the second feeder 140 .
  • the connection method between the power division feed network and the corresponding phase shifter can be set according to actual application needs, and is not limited here.
  • the antenna sub-array 30 in the adjustable antenna array is provided with two radiating units including a first radiating unit 601 and a second radiating unit 602.
  • the connection relationship may be that the output port 502 of the first power dividing feed network 90 is coupled to the first radiating unit 601 and the second radiating unit 602 respectively, and the input port 501 of the first power dividing feeding network 90 may be connected through the first
  • the feeder 130 is connected to the first phase shifter 110 , the output port 502 of the second power division feed network 100 can be coupled to the first radiating unit 601 and the second radiating unit 602 respectively, and the second power division feed network 100
  • the input port 501 is connected to the second phase shifter 120 through the second feeder 140 . In this case, even if it is a sub-arra
  • the first phase shifter 110 , the first feeder 130 , the first power division feed network 90 , and the second phase shifter 120 are made of metal film layers with the same pattern and thickness on the same substrate.
  • the material of the metal film layer can be copper (Cu), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), etc. In this way, the production cost of the sub-array is reduced and the production efficiency of the adjustable antenna array is improved.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram corresponding to any one of the structures in FIGS. 19 to 21
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram corresponding to any one of the structures in FIGS.
  • each unit coupled to the first radiating unit 601 and each unit coupled to the second radiating unit 602 are structurally symmetrically arranged.
  • the structural parameters including line width and line length of the first phase shifter 110 and the second phase shifter 120 are the same; the first feed line 130 and the second feed line 140 are on the same substrate, including the line width and line length.
  • the structural parameters including line width and line length of the first power division feeding network 90 and the second power division feeding network 100 on the same substrate are the same.
  • each unit coupled to the first radiating unit 601 and each unit coupled to the second radiating unit 602 are structurally asymmetrically arranged.
  • the structural parameters of units with the same performance corresponding to each radiating unit may be different.
  • the first feed line 130 and the second feed line 140 on the same substrate have different structural parameters including line width and line length.
  • the line width of the first feed line 130 is smaller than the line width of the second feed line 140 .
  • the adjustable antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a reflective antenna array.
  • the adjustable antenna array also includes a ground electrode 150 located on the side of the first substrate 10 away from the second substrate 20 , and the orthographic projection of each radiation unit on the first substrate 10 is completely Falling within the area of the orthographic projection of the ground electrode 150 on the first substrate 10 , so that the adjustable antenna array receives on the side of the second substrate 20 away from the first substrate 10 The electromagnetic wave signal is reflected from the same side via the ground electrode 150 . Still as shown in FIG.
  • the electromagnetic wave signal received by the adjustable antenna array from the side of the second substrate 20 facing away from the first substrate 10 is due to the ground electrode 150 located on the side of the first substrate 10 facing away from the second substrate 20 . It will be reflected from the same side, where the direction shown by the arrow indicates the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave signal. In this way, the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave signal can be adjusted according to actual application needs, thereby improving the performance of the adjustable antenna array.
  • the adjustable antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a transmissive antenna array.
  • the antenna pattern also includes another partial pattern located on the side of the first substrate 10 away from the second substrate 20 , and the other partial pattern and the partial pattern are on the first substrate 10 .
  • the orthographic projection at least partially overlaps, so that the electromagnetic wave signal received by the adjustable antenna array on the side of the second substrate 20 facing away from the first substrate 10 is from the first substrate 10 facing away from the second substrate. 20 is transmitted through one side.
  • the antenna pattern also includes another part of the pattern located on the side of the first substrate 10 facing away from the second substrate 20 , and the other part of the pattern and the part of the pattern located on the side of the second substrate 20 facing away from the first substrate 10 are in the first The orthographic projections on the substrate 10 at least partially overlap.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an adjustable antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. The figure illustrates a situation where the other part of the pattern and part of the pattern in the antenna pattern completely overlap, and the arrows in the figure The direction shown represents the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave signal. In this way, the electromagnetic wave signal received by the adjustable antenna array on the side of the second substrate 20 facing away from the first substrate 10 can be transmitted from the side of the first substrate 10 facing away from the second substrate 20 , thereby ensuring that the adjustable antenna Transmission properties of the array.
  • the adjustable antenna array can also be an adjustable phased array antenna array.
  • other methods can be selected to set the adjustable phase array according to actual application needs. Adjusting the antenna array is not limited here.
  • phase shifter in the adjustable antenna array includes a plurality of phase shifting units that do not overlap with each other on the same substrate, and each phase shifting unit includes a third phase shift unit disposed on the side of the first substrate 10 facing the second substrate 20 An electrode, a second electrode provided on the side of the second substrate 20 facing the first substrate 10, and an intermediate dielectric layer 160 located between the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • the materials of the first electrode and the second electrode may be the same or different.
  • the material of the first electrode can be indium tin oxide (Indium Tin Oxide, ITO), copper (Cu) or silver (Ag), etc.
  • the material of the second electrode can be indium tin oxide (Indium Tin Oxide, ITO), Copper (Cu) or silver (Ag), etc.
  • Different materials have different conductivities and different losses.
  • the materials of the first electrode and the second electrode can be selected according to actual requirements for the phase shift degree of the phase shifter 40 , and are not limited here.
  • the intermediate dielectric layer 160 may be a liquid crystal layer
  • the corresponding phase shifter 40 may be a liquid crystal phase shifter.
  • the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer may be positive liquid crystal molecules or negative liquid crystal molecules, which are not limited here.
  • an insulating layer 170 is provided on the side of the intermediate dielectric layer 160 close to the first substrate 10 and the side close to the second substrate 20.
  • the insulating layer 170 can be SiN or SiO, which is not limited here, so that This effectively avoids the erosion of the relevant film layers in the adjustable antenna array by external water and oxygen, and improves the performance of the adjustable antenna array.
  • an alignment layer can be provided in advance so that the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are tilted according to a preset angle.
  • the adjustment efficiency of the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer is improved, thereby improving the phase shifting efficiency.
  • film layers of the adjustable antenna array can also be provided according to actual application needs. For details, reference can be made to the specific technical implementation in the related art, which will not be described in detail here.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes:
  • Adjustable antenna array 200 as described in any of the above.

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种可调天线阵列及电子设备，该可调天线阵列包括：相对设置的第一基底和第二基底，以及呈阵列排布的多个天线子阵；其中，所述多个天线子阵中至少部分天线子阵包括移相器、功分馈电网络和多个辐射单元；所述移相器和所述功分馈电网络位于所述第一基底和所述第二基底之间，所述多个辐射单元中的至少部分辐射单元通过所述功分馈电网络与所述移相器连接，所述多个辐射单元对应的天线图案至少包括位于所述第二基底背离所述第一基底的一侧的部分图案，所述功分馈电网络在所述第一基底上的正投影面积小于所述移相器在所述第一基底上的正投影面积。

Description

一种可调天线阵列及电子设备 技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种可调天线阵列及电子设备。
背景技术
在双极化或多极化天线阵列设计中，一个天线单元中可以同时实现多个极化模式。其中，基于双极化模式的双极化天线，因其能够同时发射两个极化正交的电磁波信号，且二者之间的干扰很小，易于双工操作等优点，逐渐成为无线通信系统中不可或缺的组成部分，影响着通信系统性能的优劣。
在实际的双极化液晶天线单元及阵列设计中，由于极化模式的倍增，天线单元对应的移相器数量也会成倍增加，由此带来了器件摆放空间不足的问题，大大提升了设计布局复杂性；此外，相应的控制线路和驱动电路的倍增也增加了控制系统的复杂性。由此带来的诸多问题亟待解决。
发明内容
本公开提供了一种可调天线阵列及电子设备，具体方案如下：
本公开实施例提供了一种可调天线阵列，其中，包括：
相对设置的第一基底和第二基底，以及呈阵列排布的多个天线子阵；
其中，所述多个天线子阵中至少部分天线子阵包括移相器、功分馈电网络和多个辐射单元；所述移相器和所述功分馈电网络位于所述第一基底和所述第二基底之间，所述多个辐射单元中的至少部分辐射单元通过所述功分馈电网络与所述移相器连接，所述多个辐射单元对应的天线图案至少包括位于所述第二基底背离所述第一基底的一侧的部分图案，所述功分馈电网络在所述第一基底上的正投影面积小于所述移相器在所述第一基底上的正投影面积。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，所述功分馈电网络的输入端口与所述移相器连接，所述功分馈电网络的多个输出端口分别与相应的所述辐射单元一一 对应设置。
所述多个辐射单元不少于三个，所述功分馈电网络不少于两个，各个所述功分馈电网络的输出端口的个数小于所述多个辐射单元的个数。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，一个所述功分馈电网络中各输出端口的线长和线宽相等。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，各所述功分馈电网络的输出端口个数相等。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，所述功分馈电网络包括第一级功分馈电网络和第二级功分馈电网络，所述第一级功分馈电网络的输出端口与所述多个辐射单元连接，所述第一级功分馈电网络的输入端口与所述第二级功分馈电网络的输出端口连接，所述第二级功分馈电网络的输入端口与所述移相器连接。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，所述第一级功分馈电网络和所述第二级功分馈电网络的输出端口均为两个。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，所述多个辐射单元为偶数个，每两个所述辐射单元与一个所述第一级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，所述多个辐射单元为四个，所述第一级功分馈电网络为两个，所述第二级功分馈电网络为一个，其中相邻两个所述辐射单元与一个所述第一级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接，另外相邻两个所述辐射单元与另一个所述第一级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接，两个所述第一级功分馈电网络的输入端口与所述第二级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，所述多个辐射单元为四个，所述第一级功分馈电网络为一个，所述第二级功分馈电网络为一个，其中相邻两个所述辐射单元与所述第一级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接，所述第一级功分馈电网络的输入端口和余下两个所述辐射单元中的一个，与所述第二级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接，余下两个所述辐射单元中的另一个与另一移相器直接连接。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，所述多个辐射单元为奇数个，每两个所述辐射单元与所述第一级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接，余下的一个所述辐射单元与所述第二级功分馈电网络的输出端口连接。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，所述多个辐射单元为三个，所述第一级功分馈电网络为一个，所述第二级功分馈电网络为一个，其中相邻两个所述辐射单元与所述第一级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接，所述第一级功分馈电网络的输入端口和余下的一个所述辐射单元，与所述第二级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，所述多个辐射单元并排排布。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，所述多个辐射单元呈阵列排布。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，各个所述辐射单元为极化方向相同的单极化结构，所述单极化结构包括垂直极化、水平极化、+45°极化、-45°极化、右旋圆极化和左旋圆极化中的任一种。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，各个所述辐射单元为包括两个不同的极化方向的双极化结构，所述双极化结构包括垂直和水平双极化、±45°双极化、左右双圆极化中的任一种。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，所述多个辐射单元包括第一辐射单元和第二辐射单元、所述功分馈电网络包括第一功分馈电网络和第二功分馈电网络，所述移相器包括第一移相器和第二移相器，所述第一功分馈电网络的输出端口分别与所述第一辐射单元和所述第二辐射单元连接，且所述第一功分馈电网络的输入端口通过第一馈线与所述第一移相器连接，所述第二功分馈电网络的输出端口分别与所述第一辐射单元和所述第二辐射单元连接，且所述第二功分馈电网络的输入端口通过第二馈线与所述第二移相器连接。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，所述第一移相器、所述第一馈线、所述第一功分馈电网络、所述第二移相器、所述第二馈线以及所述第二功分馈电网络，由位于同一基底的金属膜层图案同层且等厚度制作而成。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，还包括位于所述第一基底背离所述第二基 底一侧的接地电极，且各个所述辐射单元在所述第一基底上的正投影完全落入所述接地电极在所述第一基底上的正投影的区域范围内，以使所述可调天线阵列在所述第二基底背离所述第一基底一侧接收到的电磁波信号经由所述接地电极从同侧反射出去。
可选地，在本公开实施例中，所述天线图案还包括位于所述第一基底背离所述第二基底一侧的另一部分图案，所述另一部分图案和所述部分图案在所述第一基底上的正投影至少部分交叠，以使所述可调天线阵列在所述第二基底背离所述第一基底一侧接收到的电磁波信号，从所述第一基底背离所述第二基底的一侧透射出去。
相应地，本公开实施例提供了一种电子设备，其中，包括：
如上面任一项所述的可调天线阵列。
附图说明
图1为相关技术中四个天线单元组成的2*2天线阵列的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图2为图1对应的其中一种剖面结构示意图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图4为图3相应的其中一种剖面结构示意图；
图5为图3相应的其中一种剖面结构示意图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列中天线子阵的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的中天线子阵的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的中天线子阵的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图9为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的中天线子阵的其中一种 俯视结构示意图；
图10为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的中天线子阵的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图11为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图12为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图13为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的中天线子阵的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图14为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的中天线子阵的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图15为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的中天线子阵的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图16为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的中天线子阵的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图17为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的中天线子阵的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图18为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的中天线子阵的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图19为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的中天线子阵的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图20为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的中天线子阵的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图21为本公开实施例提供的一种可调天线阵列的中天线子阵的其中一种俯视结构示意图；
图22为图19至图21中任一种结构对应的其中一种剖面结构示意图；
图23为图19至图21中任一种结构对应的其中一种剖面结构示意图；
图24为本公开实施例提供的可调天线阵列为反射式天线阵列的其中一种剖面结构示意图；
图25为本公开实施例提供的可调天线阵列为透射式天线阵列的其中一种剖面结构示意图；
图26为本公开实施例提供的一种电子设备的其中一种结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。并且在不冲突的情况下，本公开中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。
在相关技术中，图1所示为四个天线单元组成的2*2天线阵列的其中一种俯视结构示意图。其中，天线单元01的尺寸为a*b，a＝0.25λ，b＝0.25λ，λ为相应天线阵列中心工作频点对应的波长。天线单元01横向间距和纵向间距均为0.5λ。其中，每个天线单元01对应一个移相器02，且天线单元01与相应的移相器02通过馈线03耦接，从而使得移相器02一对一驱动天线单元01。同时，每个移相器02均需耦接控制线04进行驱动控制。图2所示为图1对应的一种剖面结构示意图，其中，05表示上基板，06表示下基板，07表示地板，结合图1所示，在实际布局中，该2*2天线阵列内需在考虑天线单元01横向间距与纵向间距的同时，在λ*λ的空间内排布4个移相器02，4组馈线03以及4组控制线04。特别是在单个移相器02尺寸较大时，这对于天线 单元01的设计和阵列的摆放布局都是一个挑战，需要兼顾天线单元01与移相器02的性能连接，馈线03与移相器02之间性能影响，多条控制线04的走线布局等多方面因素，设计受制；一旦阵列规模进一步增大，难度更大。
有鉴于此，本公开实施例提供了一种可调天线阵列及电子设备，用于节省布局空间。
结合图3和图4所示，本公开实施例提供了一种可调天线阵列。其中，图3为该可调天线阵列的其中一种俯视结构示意图，图4为图3相应的其中一种剖面结构示意图。具体来讲，该可调天线阵列包括：
相对设置的第一基底10和第二基底20，以及呈阵列排布的多个天线子阵30；
其中，所述多个天线子阵30中至少部分天线子阵30包括移相器40、功分馈电网络50和多个辐射单元60；所述移相器40和所述功分馈电网络50位于所述第一基底10和所述第二基底20之间，所述多个辐射单元60中的至少部分辐射单元60通过所述功分馈电网络50与所述移相器40连接，所述多个辐射单元60对应的天线图案至少包括位于所述第二基底20背离所述第一基底10的一侧的部分图案，所述功分馈电网络50在所述第一基底10上的正投影面积小于所述移相器40在所述第一基底10上的正投影面积。
在具体实施过程中，该可调天线阵列包括相对设置的第一基底10和第二基底20，以及呈阵列排布的多个天线子阵30。其中，第一基底10和第二基底20可以为玻璃基板，还可以为聚酰亚胺(Polyimide，PI)，还可以为液晶高分子聚合物(Liquid Crystal Polymer，LCP)，还可以为印刷电路板(Printed Circuit Board，PCB)，还可以为陶瓷等。当然，还可以根据实际应用需要来设置第一基底10和第二基底20，在此不做限定。此外，可以根据实际应用需要来设置多个天线子阵30的具体数量，在此不做限定。
多个天线子阵30中至少部分天线子阵30包括移相器40、功分馈电网络50和多个辐射单元60，其中，移相器40的个数可以为一个，还可以为多个。功分馈电网络50的个数可以为一个，还可以为多个。对于移相器40和功分 馈电网络50的具体个数，可以根据实际天线子阵30中多个辐射单元60的具体个数来设置，在此不做限定。图3中示意出了，可调天线阵列包括阵列排布的两个天线子阵30，其中各个天线子阵30中均设置有两个辐射单元60、一个功分馈电网络50和一个移相器40的情况，但并不仅限于此。其中，移相器40和功分馈电网络50位于第一基底10和第二基底20之间，多个辐射单元60中的至少部分辐射单元60通过功分馈电网络50与移相器40连接。由于功分馈电网络50可以将通过移相器40输入其内的信号分为多路，并分别提供给相应的辐射单元60，这样的话，即便辐射单元60个数较多且数量一定时，可以在一定程度上减少移相器40的设置个数。此外，功分馈电网络50在第一基底10上的正投影面积小于移相器40在第一基底10上的正投影面积。也就是说，尽管可调天线阵列中增加了功分馈电网络50，可以将功分馈电网络50设计为尺寸远小于单个移相器40的情况。这样的话，在减少移相器40设置个数的同时，有效节省了可调天线阵列的布局空间。
需要说明的是，功分馈电网络50实质上为可调天线阵列中除移相器40和功分馈电网络50之外的馈线的一部分。相应地，功分馈电网络50在第一基底10上的正投影面积实质上为该部分馈线在平行于第一基板10所在平面的截面形状的面积。其中，该部分馈线的截面形状的宽度远小于移相器40和功分馈电网络50在平行于第一基板10所在平面的截面形状的宽度，该部分馈线的截面形状在第一基底10上的正投影面积远小于移相器40在第一基底10上的正投影面积。
此外，需要注意的是，图4中只是简单地示意出了可调天线阵列中各器件之间的位置关系。对于本公开实施例所提及的附图，其中各图形的尺寸和形状不反映真实比例，目的只是示意说明本公开内容。并且自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。
在其中一种示例性实施例中，至少部分辐射单元60以及与至少部分辐射单元60连接的功分馈电网络50的输出端口，二者在第一基底10上的正投影至少部分交叠。在其中一种示例性实施例中，如图5所示，功分馈电网络50 的输出端口可以通过贯穿相应基板的(Through Glass Via，TGV)过孔(H)与至少部分辐射单元60直接电连接。在其中一种示例性实施例中，功分馈电网络50的输出端口可以与至少部分辐射单元60耦接。当然，还可以根据实际应用需要来设置功分馈电网络50与至少部分辐射单元60之间的连接方式，在此不做限定。
在具体实施过程中，多个辐射单元60对应的天线图案至少包括位于第二基底20背离第一基底10的一侧的部分图案。在其中一种示例性实施例中，如图3所示，多个辐射单元60对应的天线图案包括位于第二基底20背离第一基底10的一侧的部分图案。在其中一种示例性实施例中，多个辐射单元60对应的天线图案不仅包括位于第二基底20背离第一基底10的一侧的部分图案，而且还包括位于第一基底10背离第二基底20一侧的部分图案，从而提高了相应天线子阵30的辐射范围。
需要说明的是，可调天线阵列中天线子阵30内各单元的位置关系可以是如下面所示的几种情况。
在具体实施过程中，天线子阵30包括Q个辐射单元60时，该天线子阵30内的移相器40的数量和与移相器40连接的控制线400的数量均可以减少为原来的1/Q，其中，Q为大于1的正整数。下面以各个辐射单元60的尺寸为a*b，a＝0.25λ，b＝0.25λ，λ为可调天线阵列的中心工作频点对应的波长，相邻两辐射单元60的横向间距和纵向间距均为0.5λ为例对天线子阵30内各单元的位置关系以及所适用的应用场景进行解释说明。
比如，天线子阵30包括纵向排布的m个辐射单元60，m为大于1的正整数，此时，纵向上相邻天线子阵30之间的间距可以为m*0.5*λ。若各个辐射单元60的馈源信号保持一致，则可调天线阵列在纵向上的扫描角度相较于图1所示的一个子阵内一个辐射单元60来说有所减小，相应地，可以将该可调天线阵列应用于对纵向扫描性能要求低的电子设备中。
再比如，天线子阵30包括横向排布的n个辐射单元60，n为大于1的正整数，此时，横向上相邻天线子阵30间的间距可以为n*0.5*λ。若各个辐射 单元60的馈源信号保持一致，则可调天线阵列在横向上的扫描角度相较于图1所示的一个子阵内一个辐射单元60来说有所减小，相应地，可以将该可调天线阵列应用于对横向扫描性能要求较低的电子设备中。
再比如，天线子阵30内的Q个辐射单元60不是m*n的矩形排布时，若各个辐射单元60的馈源信号保持一致，此时，不同子阵间单元的馈源信号可以产生特定的性能差异，可以保证可调天线阵列对应的特定的产品性能。
再比如，天线子阵30内的Q个辐射单元60所对应的总的功分馈电网络50可以由1分Q功分馈电网络加馈线600组成，其中，1分Q功分馈电网络可以不断由数个1分2功分馈电网络连接而成，而且，根据相应功分馈电网络50端的阻抗匹配设计需求，不对称位置上的1分2功分馈电网络的线宽与线长可以存在差异。
在本公开实施例中，可调天线阵列中的天线子阵30的排布和驱动方式可以为多种形式，主要体现在天线子阵30内连接的辐射单元60的数量，天线子阵30内各单元之间的连接关系以及位置关系。在其中一种示例性实施例中，所述功分馈电网络50的输入端口501与所述移相器40连接，所述功分馈电网络50的多个输出端口502分别与相应的所述辐射单元60一一对应设置。
在具体实施过程中，功分馈电网络50的输入端口501与移相器40之间可以是按照电连接的方式连接，还可以是按照耦接的方式连接，在此不做限定。在其中一种示例性实施例中，功分馈电网络50的多个输出端口502可以分别与相应的辐射单元60一一对应设置，相应地，多个输出端口502的个数和多个辐射单元60的个数相等。
在其中一种示例性实施例中，如图6所示为可调天线阵列中天线子阵30的其中一种俯视结构示意图，多个辐射单元60为两个，功分馈电网络50为一个，功分馈电网络50的输出端口502为两个，移相器40为一个。由于该功分馈电网络50包括两个输出端口502，这两个输出端口502与两个辐射单元60分别连接，这样的话，经移相器40输入至该功分馈电网络50的输入端口501的信号，经其两个输出端口502分别输出两路信号，这两路信号可以 分别提供给相应的辐射单元60。此外，对于多个输出端口502的个数，还可以根据实际应用中多个辐射单元60的具体个数来设置。比如，三个辐射单元60与功分馈电网络50的三个输出端口502连接。再比如，四个辐射单元60与功分馈电网络50的四个输出端口502连接。下面以图3所示为例，对功分馈电网络50的多个输出端口502分别与相应的辐射单元60一一对应设置的情况进行说明。图3所示的可调天线阵列实质上为四个辐射单元60所组成的2*2的阵列。该阵列中只需放置两个移相器40。与图1相比，在单个天线单元与单个辐射单元60尺寸相同，单个移相器40尺寸相同时，由于移相器40数量减少一半，与移相器40连接的控制线400的数量也减少了一半，从而节省了布局空间。
在其中一种示例性实施例中，结合图7至图9所示，所述多个辐射单元60不少于三个，所述功分馈电网络50不少于两个，各个所述功分馈电网络50的输出端口502的个数小于所述多个辐射单元60的个数。
在具体实施过程中，多个辐射单元60的个数可以是三个，还可以是大于三个，可以根据实际应用需要来设置多个辐射单元60的个数，在此不做限定。功分馈电网络50不少于两个，功分馈电网络50的个数可以是两个，还可以是大于两个，可以根据实际应用需要来设置功分馈电网络50的个数，在此不做限定。各个功分馈电网络50的输出端口502个数小于多个辐射单元60的个数。在其中一种示例性实施例中，各个功分馈电网络50的输出端口502均为两个，多个辐射单元60为三个。在其中一种示例性实施例中，多个功分馈电网络50的输出端口502中有的为两个，有的为三个，辐射单元60为五个。当然，可以根据可调天线阵列的性能需求来设置各个功分馈电网络50的输出端口502个数，在此不做限定。
在本公开实施例中，结合图3至图10所示，一个所述功分馈电网络50中各输出端口502的线长和线宽相等。这样的话，可以保证相应的功分馈电网络50物理结构和各输出端口502的电性能保持一致，实现各输出端口502对相应辐射单元60的等效驱动。
在本公开实施例中，结合图3至图10所示，各所述功分馈电网络50的输出端口502个数相等。比如，各功分馈电网络50的输出端口502个数均为两个。再比如，各功分馈电网络50的输出端口502个数均为三个。对于各功分馈电网络50的输出端口502的具体个数，可以根据实际应用需要来设置，在此不做限定。
在本公开实施例中，结合图3至图10所示，所述功分馈电网络50包括第一级功分馈电网络70和第二级功分馈电网络80，所述第一级功分馈电网络70的输出端口502与所述多个辐射单元60连接，所述第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501与所述第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502连接，所述第二级功分馈电网络80的输入端口501与所述移相器40连接。
在具体实施过程中，功分馈电网络50可以包括第一级功分馈电网络70和第二级功分馈电网络80。其中，第一级功分馈电网络70可以是一个，还可以是多个。第二级功分馈电网络80可以是一个，还可以是多个。对于第一级功分馈电网络70和第二级功分馈电网络80的具体个数，可以根据实际应用需要来设置，在此不做限定。此外，第一级功分馈电网络70的输出端口502与多个辐射单元60连接，第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501与第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502连接，第二级功分馈电网络80的输入端口501与移相器40连接。在其中一种示例性实施例中，各级功分馈电网络之间可以是按照电连接的方式连接，还可以是按照耦接的方式连接。此外，相应级功分馈电网络与移相器40之间可以是按照电连接的方式连接，还可以是按照耦接的方式连接，在此不做限定。这样的话，经移相器40输入至第二级功分馈电网络80的输入端口501的信号，先从第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502输出各路信号，然后，将各路信号输入第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501，然后，经由第一级功分馈电网络70的各输出端口502输出各路信号至相应的辐射单元60，从而保证了对多个辐射单元60的驱动，保证了可调天线阵列的使用性能。
在其中一种示例性实施例中，结合图3至图10所示，所述第一级功分馈 电网络70和所述第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502均为两个。相应地，第一级功分馈电网络70和第二级功分馈电网络80均为一驱二功分馈电网络。
结合图7至图9所示，所述多个辐射单元60为偶数个，每两个所述辐射单元60与一个所述第一级功分馈电网络70的输出端口502分别连接。
结合图7和图8所示，所述多个辐射单元60为四个，所述第一级功分馈电网络70为两个，所述第二级功分馈电网络80为一个，其中相邻两个所述辐射单元60与一个所述第一级功分馈电网络70的输出端口502分别连接，另外相邻两个所述辐射单元60与另一个所述第一级功分馈电网络70的输出端口502分别连接，两个所述第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501与所述第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502分别连接。
仍结合图7所示，该子阵设置有四个辐射单元60、两个第一级功分馈电网络70、一个第二级功分馈电网络80和一个移相器40。其中，四个辐射单元60沿同一方向横向排布。其中相邻两个辐射单元60与一个第一级功分馈电网络70的输出端口502分别连接，另外相邻两个辐射单元60与另一个第一级功分馈电网络70的输出端口502分别连接。在具体实施过程中，各第一级功分馈电网络70中各输出端口502的线长和线宽相等，从而保证了各输出端口502的电性能的一致性，提高了可调天线阵列的使用性能。此外，两个第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501与第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502分别连接。在其中一种示例性实施例中，两个第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501与第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502可以按照电连接的方式分别连接；在其中一种示例性实施例中，两个第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501与第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502可以按照耦接的方式分别连接。其中，各第二级功分馈电网络80中各输出端口502的线长和线宽相等，从而保证了各输出端口502的电性能的一致性，提高了可调天线阵列的使用性能。
仍结合图8所示，该子阵设置有四个辐射单元60、两个第一级功分馈电网络70、一个第二级功分馈电网络80和一个移相器40。其中四个辐射单元 60呈2*2的阵列排布。结合图9所示，所述多个辐射单元60为四个，所述第一级功分馈电网络70为一个，所述第二级功分馈电网络80为一个，其中相邻两个所述辐射单元60与所述第一级功分馈电网络70的输出端口502分别连接，所述第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501和余下两个所述辐射单元60中的一个，与所述第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502分别连接，余下两个所述辐射单元60中的另一个与另一移相器40直接连接。
仍结合图9所示，该子阵设置有四个辐射单元60、一个第一级功分馈电网络70、一个第二级功分馈电网络80和两个移相器40。其中，四个辐射单元60呈2*2的阵列排布。其中相邻两个辐射单元60与第一级功分馈电网络70的输出端口502分别连接，第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501与余下两个辐射单元60中的一个，与第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502分别连接。在其中一种示例性实施例中，第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501可以与第二级功分馈电网络的其中一个输出端口以电连接的方式连接，且余下两个辐射单元60中的一个与第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502以耦接的方式连接。这样的话，经移相器40输入至第二级功分馈电网络80的输入端口501的信号，由该第二级功分馈电网络80的两个输出端口502分别输入至第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501以及相应的辐射单元60；然后，输入至第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501的信号，经由该第一级功分馈电网络70的两个输出端口502输入至相应的辐射单元60；与另一移相器40直接耦接的辐射单元60，可以直接接收来自该另一移相器的信号。如此一来，在节省布局空间的同时，保证了子阵结构的灵活设计，提高了可调相控阵的使用性能。
在本公开实施例中，结合图10所示，所述多个辐射单元60为奇数个，每两个所述辐射单元60与所述第一级功分馈电网络70的输出端口502分别连接，余下的一个所述辐射单元60与所述第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502连接。
仍结合图10所示，所述多个辐射单元60为三个，所述第一级功分馈电 网络70为一个，所述第二级功分馈电网络80为一个，其中相邻两个所述辐射单元60与所述第一级功分馈电网络70的输出端口502分别连接，所述第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501和余下的一个所述辐射单元60，与所述第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502分别连接。
仍结合图10所示，该子阵包括三个辐射单元60、一个第一级功分馈电网络70、一个第二级功分馈电网络80和一个移相器40。其中，三个辐射单元60沿同一方向横向排布。其中相邻两个辐射单元60与第一级功分馈电网络70的输出端口502分别连接，第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501和余下的一个辐射单元60，与第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502分别连接。在其中一种示例性实施例中，第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501与第二级功分馈电网络80的其中一个输出端口502以电连接的方式连接，余下的一个辐射单元60与第二级功分馈电网络80的输出端口502以耦接的方式连接。此外，第二级功分馈电网络80的输入端口501与移相器40耦接。这样的话，移相器40输入至第二级功分馈电网络80的输入端口501的信号，经由第二级功分馈电网络80的两个输出端口502分别输入至相应的辐射单元60和第一级功分馈电网络70的输入端口501；然后，经由第一级功分馈电网络70的两个输出端口502输入至相应的两个辐射单元60。如此一来，在节省布局空间的同时，保证了可调天线阵列的使用性能。
需要说明的是，在同一天线子阵30中，与移相器40耦接的控制线400的厚度，可以是小于移相器40、功分馈电网络50和馈线600对应金属膜层的厚度，控制线400的数量取决于移相器40的数量，通常控制线400的数量和移相器40的数量保持一致，通过控制线400可以向相应的移相器40提供驱动信号，从而实现对移相器40的移相度的调整。控制线400的材料可以为氧化铟锡(Indium Tin Oxide，ITO)，在兼顾天线子阵30光透过率的同时保证了对移相器的驱动能力。
此外，在天线子阵30的排布和驱动形式确定之后，可以对多个天线子阵30进行排布，从而形成所需的阵列。对于同一天线子阵30，可以横向拓展M 个，纵向拓展N个，其中，每个天线子阵30内包括Q个辐射单元60，从而形成了由M*N个天线子阵30组成的包括有M*N*Q个辐射单元60的大阵列。此外，还可以根据实际应用需要采用数个不同的天线子阵30自由组合呈各种形成的大阵列。
在其中一种示例性实施例中，所述多个辐射单元60并排排布。如图11所示为该阵列排布的其中一种俯视结构示意图，在该实施例中，该阵列包括呈阵列排布的3*3个天线子阵30。其中，每个天线子阵30包括并排排布的两个辐射单元60，该阵列共包括3*3*2个辐射单元60。
在其中一种示例性实施例中，所述多个辐射单元60呈阵列排布。如图12所示为该阵列排布的其中一种俯视结构示意图，在该实施例中，该阵列包括呈阵列排布的3*3个天线子阵30，每个天线子阵30包括四个阵列排布的辐射单元60。
当然，除了上述提及的阵列排布方式之外，还可以根据实际应用需要来排布阵列中的各个子阵以及天线子阵30中的各个辐射单元60，在此不做详述。在本公开实施例中，组成天线子阵30和阵列的辐射单元60可以有多种极化形式。在其中一种示例性实施例中，结合图13至图18所示，各个所述辐射单元60为极化方向相同的单极化结构，所述单极化结构包括垂直极化、水平极化、+45°极化、-45°极化、右旋圆极化和左旋圆极化中的任一种。其中，以一个天线子阵30为例，如图13所示为子阵中两个辐射单元60均为垂直极化的其中一种结构示意图；如图14所示为子阵中两个辐射单元60均为水平极化的其中一种结构示意图；如图15所示为子阵中两个辐射单元60均为+45°极化的其中一种结构示意图；如图16所示为子阵中两个辐射单元60均为﹣45°极化的其中一种结构示意图；如图17所示为子阵中两个辐射单元60均为右旋圆极化的其中一种结构示意图；如图18所示为子阵中两个辐射单元60均为左旋圆极化的其中一种结构示意图。其中，图中箭头表示相应辐射单元60的极化方向。
在其中一种示例性实施例中，以一个天线子阵30为例，结合图19至图 21所示，各个所述辐射单元60为包括两个不同的极化方向的双极化结构，所述双极化结构包括垂直和水平双极化、±45°双极化、左右双圆极化中的任一种。其中，如图19所示为子阵中两个辐射单元60均为垂直和水平双极化的其中一种结构示意图；如图20所示为子阵中两个辐射单元60均为±45°双极化的其中一种结构示意图；如图21所示为子阵中两个辐射单元60均为左右双圆极化的其中一种结构示意图。
在具体实施过程中，可调天线阵列中各个辐射单元60为包括两个不同的极化方向的双极化结构。在其中一种示例性实施例中，所述多个辐射单元60包括第一辐射单元601和第二辐射单元602、所述功分馈电网络50包括第一功分馈电网络90和第二功分馈电网络100，所述移相器40包括第一移相器110和第二移相器120，所述第一功分馈电网络90的输出端口502分别与所述第一辐射单元601和所述第二辐射单元602连接，且所述第一功分馈电网络90的输入端口501通过第一馈线130与所述第一移相器110连接，所述第二功分馈电网络100的输出端口502分别与所述第一辐射单元601和所述第二辐射单元602连接，且所述第二功分馈电网络100的输入端口501通过第二馈线140与所述第二移相器120连接。
在其中一种示例性实施例中，所述第一功分馈电网络90的输入端口501通过第一馈线130与所述第一移相器110以电连接的方式连接，且所述第二功分馈电网络100的输入端口501通过第二馈线140与所述第二移相器120以电连接的方式连接。在其中一种示例性实施例中，所述第一功分馈电网络90的输入端口501通过第一馈线130与所述第一移相器110以耦接的方式连接，且所述第二功分馈电网络100的输入端口501通过第二馈线140与所述第二移相器120以耦接的方式连接。在其中一种示例性实施例中，所述第一功分馈电网络90的输入端口501通过第一馈线130与所述第一移相器110以耦接的方式连接，且所述第二功分馈电网络100的输入端口501通过第二馈线140与所述第二移相器120以电连接的方式连接。当然，可以根据实际应用需要来设置功分馈电网络与相应移相器之间的连接方式，在此不做限定。
仍结合图19至图21所示，可调天线阵列中的天线子阵30设置有第一辐射单元601和第二辐射单元602在内的两个辐射单元，第一功分馈电网络90和第二功分馈电网络100在内的两个功分馈电网络，第一移相器110和第二移相器120在内的两个移相器；该子阵中各个单元间的耦接关系可以为，第一功分馈电网络90的输出端口502分别与第一辐射单元601和第二辐射单元602耦接，而且第一功分馈电网络90的输入端口501可以通过第一馈线130与第一移相器110连接，第二功分馈电网络100的输出端口502可以分别与第一辐射单元601和第二辐射单元602耦接，而且第二功分馈电网络100的输入端口501通过第二馈线140与第二移相器120连接。这样的话，即便是由双极化结构组成的子阵，由于整个子阵一共需要两个功分馈电网络和两个移相器，从而节省了布局空间。
仍以图19至图21所示的实施例为例，所述第一移相器110、所述第一馈线130、所述第一功分馈电网络90、所述第二移相器120、所述第二馈线140以及所述第二功分馈电网络100，由位于同一基底的金属膜层图案同层且等厚度制作而成。其中，金属膜层的材质可以为铜(Cu)、银(Ag)、铝(Al)等。如此一来，降低了子阵的制作成本，提高了可调天线阵列的制作效率。如图22所示为图19至图21中任一种结构对应的其中一种剖面结构示意图，如图23所示为图19至图21中任一种结构对应的其中一种剖面结构示意图。在其中一种示例性实施例中，结合图22所示，与第一辐射单元601耦接的各单元，和与第二辐射单元602耦接的各单元结构上对称设置。相应地，第一移相器110与第二移相器120的包括线宽和线长在内的结构参数相同；第一馈线130与第二馈线140在同一基底上的包括线宽和线长在内的结构参数相同；第一功分馈电网络90与第二功分馈电网络100在同一基底上的包括线宽和线长在内的结构参数相同。
在其中一种示例性实施例中，结合图23所示，与第一辐射单元601耦接的各单元，和与第二辐射单元602耦接的各单元结构上非对称设置。相应地，各辐射单元对应的同种性能的单元的结构参数可以不同。比如，第一馈线130 与第二馈线140在同一基底上的包括线宽和线长在内的结构参数不同。如图23所示，第一馈线130的线宽小于第二馈线140的线宽。
在其中一种示例性实施例中，如图24所示，本公开实施例提供的可调天线阵列可以为反射式天线阵列。具体来讲，该可调天线阵列还包括位于所述第一基底10背离所述第二基底20一侧的接地电极150，且各个所述辐射单元在所述第一基底10上的正投影完全落入所述接地电极150在所述第一基底10上的正投影的区域范围内，以使所述可调天线阵列在所述第二基底20背离所述第一基底10一侧接收到的电磁波信号经由所述接地电极150从同侧反射出去。仍结合图24所示，可调天线阵列从第二基底20背离第一基底10一侧接收到的电磁波信号，因位于第一基底10背离第二基底20一侧的接地电极150，该电磁波信号将从同侧反射出去，其中，箭头所示方向表示电磁波信号的传播方向。如此一来，可以根据实际应用需要调整电磁波信号的传播方向，从而提高了可调天线阵列的使用性能。
在其中一种示例性实施例中，本公开实施例提供的可调天线阵列可以为透射式天线阵列。具体来讲，所述天线图案还包括位于所述第一基底10背离所述第二基底20一侧的另一部分图案，所述另一部分图案和所述部分图案在所述第一基底10上的正投影至少部分交叠，以使所述可调天线阵列在所述第二基底20背离所述第一基底10一侧接收到的电磁波信号，从所述第一基底10背离所述第二基底20的一侧透射出去。在具体实施过程中，天线图案还包括位于第一基底10背离第二基底20一侧的另一部分图案，该另一部分图案和位于第二基底20背离第一基底10一侧的部分图案在第一基底10上的正投影至少部分交叠。如图25所示为本公开实施例提供的可调天线阵列的其中一种剖面结构示意图，图中示意出了该天线图案中该另一部分图案和部分图案完全交叠的情况，且图中箭头所示方向表示电磁波信号的传播方向。如此一来，可调天线阵列在第二基底20背离第一基底10一侧所接收到的电磁波信号，可以从第一基底10背离第二基底20的一侧透射出去，从而保证了可调天线阵列的透射性能。
当然，可调天线阵列除了可以为上述提及反射式天线阵列和透射式天线阵列之外，还可以是可调相控阵天线阵列，当然，还可以根据实际应用需要选择其它方式来设置该可调天线阵列，在此不做限定。
需要说明的是，可调天线阵列中的移相器包括在同一基底上互不交叠的多个移相单元，各个移相单元包括设置在第一基底10面向第二基底20一侧的第一电极，设置在第二基底20面向第一基底10一侧的第二电极，以及位于第一电极和第二电极之间的中间介质层160。关于第一电极和第二电极的材料可以相同，也可以不同。比如，第一电极的材料可以是氧化铟锡(Indium Tin Oxide，ITO)、铜(Cu)或是银(Ag)等，第二电极的材料可以是氧化铟锡(Indium Tin Oxide，ITO)、铜(Cu)或是银(Ag)等。不同的材料其电导率不同，损耗也不一样。在实际应用中，可以根据对移相器40的移相度的实际需求来选择第一电极和第二电极的材料，在此不做限定。在其中一种示例性实施例中，该中间介质层160可以为液晶层，相应的移相器40为液晶移相器。该液晶层的液晶分子可以为正性液晶分子，还可以为负性液晶分子，在此不做限定。此外，中间介质层160靠近第一基底10的一侧以及靠近第二基底20的一侧均设置有绝缘层170，该绝缘层170可以为SiN，还可以为SiO，在此不做限定，从而有效避免了外界水氧对可调天线阵列中相关膜层的侵蚀，提高了可调天线阵列的使用性能。
此外，对于移相器40中的中间介质层160为液晶层的情况，可以通过预先设置配向层，使得液晶层中的液晶分子按照预设角度倾斜。这样的话，在通过控制线400向相关电极加载驱动电极之后，提高了液晶层的介电常数的调整效率，从而提高了移相效率。当然，还可以根据实际应用需要来设置可调天线阵列的其它膜层，具体可以参照相关技术中的具体技术实现，在此不做详述。
基于同一公开构思，如图26所示，本公开实施例还提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括：
如上面任一项所述的可调天线阵列200。
尽管已描述了本公开的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本公开范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本公开进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本公开的精神和范围。这样，倘若本公开的这些修改和变型属于本公开权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本公开也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种可调天线阵列，其中，包括：
    相对设置的第一基底和第二基底，以及呈阵列排布的多个天线子阵；
    其中，所述多个天线子阵中至少部分天线子阵包括移相器、功分馈电网络和多个辐射单元；所述移相器和所述功分馈电网络位于所述第一基底和所述第二基底之间，所述多个辐射单元中的至少部分辐射单元通过所述功分馈电网络与所述移相器连接，所述多个辐射单元对应的天线图案至少包括位于所述第二基底背离所述第一基底的一侧的部分图案，所述功分馈电网络在所述第一基底上的正投影面积小于所述移相器在所述第一基底上的正投影面积。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的天线阵列，其中，所述功分馈电网络的输入端口与所述移相器连接，所述功分馈电网络的多个输出端口分别与相应的所述辐射单元一一对应设置。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的天线阵列，其中，所述多个辐射单元不少于三个，所述功分馈电网络不少于两个，各个所述功分馈电网络的输出端口的个数小于所述多个辐射单元的个数。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的天线阵列，其中，一个所述功分馈电网络中各输出端口的线长和线宽相等。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的天线阵列，其中，各所述功分馈电网络的输出端口个数相等。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的天线阵列，其中，所述功分馈电网络包括第一级功分馈电网络和第二级功分馈电网络，所述第一级功分馈电网络的输出端口与所述多个辐射单元连接，所述第一级功分馈电网络的输入端口与所述第二级功分馈电网络的输出端口连接，所述第二级功分馈电网络的输入端口与所述移相器连接。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的天线阵列，其中，所述第一级功分馈电网络和所述第二级功分馈电网络的输出端口均为两个。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的天线阵列，其中，所述多个辐射单元为偶数个，每两个所述辐射单元与一个所述第一级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的天线阵列，其中，所述多个辐射单元为四个，所述第一级功分馈电网络为两个，所述第二级功分馈电网络为一个，其中相邻两个所述辐射单元与一个所述第一级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接，另外相邻两个所述辐射单元与另一个所述第一级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接，两个所述第一级功分馈电网络的输入端口与所述第二级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的天线阵列，其中，所述多个辐射单元为四个，所述第一级功分馈电网络为一个，所述第二级功分馈电网络为一个，其中相邻两个所述辐射单元与所述第一级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接，所述第一级功分馈电网络的输入端口和余下两个所述辐射单元中的一个，与所述第二级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接，余下两个所述辐射单元中的另一个与另一移相器直接连接。
  11. 如权利要求7所述的天线阵列，其中，所述多个辐射单元为奇数个，每两个所述辐射单元与所述第一级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接，余下的一个所述辐射单元与所述第二级功分馈电网络的输出端口连接。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的天线阵列，其中，所述多个辐射单元为三个，所述第一级功分馈电网络为一个，所述第二级功分馈电网络为一个，其中相邻两个所述辐射单元与所述第一级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接，所述第一级功分馈电网络的输入端口和余下的一个所述辐射单元，与所述第二级功分馈电网络的输出端口分别连接。
  13. 如权利要求1-12任一项所述的天线阵列，其中，所述多个辐射单元并排排布。
  14. 如权利要求1-12任一项所述的天线阵列，其中，所述多个辐射单元呈阵列排布。
  15. 如权利要求1-12任一项所述的天线阵列，其中，各个所述辐射单元 为极化方向相同的单极化结构，所述单极化结构包括垂直极化、水平极化、+45°极化、-45°极化、右旋圆极化和左旋圆极化中的任一种。
  16. 如权利要求1-12任一项所述的天线阵列，其中，各个所述辐射单元为包括两个不同的极化方向的双极化结构，所述双极化结构包括垂直和水平双极化、±45°双极化、左右双圆极化中的任一种。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的天线阵列，其中，所述多个辐射单元包括第一辐射单元和第二辐射单元、所述功分馈电网络包括第一功分馈电网络和第二功分馈电网络，所述移相器包括第一移相器和第二移相器，所述第一功分馈电网络的输出端口分别与所述第一辐射单元和所述第二辐射单元连接，且所述第一功分馈电网络的输入端口通过第一馈线与所述第一移相器连接，所述第二功分馈电网络的输出端口分别与所述第一辐射单元和所述第二辐射单元连接，且所述第二功分馈电网络的输入端口通过第二馈线与所述第二移相器连接。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的天线阵列，其中，所述第一移相器、所述第一馈线、所述第一功分馈电网络、所述第二移相器、所述第二馈线以及所述第二功分馈电网络，由位于同一基底的金属膜层图案同层且等厚度制作而成。
  19. 如权利要求1-18任一项所述的天线阵列，其中，还包括位于所述第一基底背离所述第二基底一侧的接地电极，且各个所述辐射单元在所述第一基底上的正投影完全落入所述接地电极在所述第一基底上的正投影的区域范围内，以使所述可调天线阵列在所述第二基底背离所述第一基底一侧接收到的电磁波信号经由所述接地电极从同侧反射出去。
  20. 如权利要求1-18任一项所述的天线阵列，其中，所述天线图案还包括位于所述第一基底背离所述第二基底一侧的另一部分图案，所述另一部分图案和所述部分图案在所述第一基底上的正投影至少部分交叠，以使所述可调天线阵列在所述第二基底背离所述第一基底一侧接收到的电磁波信号，从所述第一基底背离所述第二基底的一侧透射出去。
  21. 一种电子设备，其中，包括：
    如权利要求1-20任一项所述的可调天线阵列。
PCT/CN2022/115269 2022-08-26 2022-08-26 一种可调天线阵列及电子设备 WO2024040606A1 (zh)

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