WO2024038799A1

WO2024038799A1 - Turbine device, electromagnetic induction device and consecutively connected turbine system

Info

Publication number: WO2024038799A1
Application number: PCT/JP2023/028898
Authority: WO
Inventors: 啓一中島
Original assignee: 啓一中島; 坂本聡
Priority date: 2022-08-16
Filing date: 2023-08-08
Publication date: 2024-02-22
Also published as: WO2024038508A1

Abstract

Provided is a turbine device which is capable of efficiently converting the potential energy of a fluid into power for turning a turbine used in power generation or the like.　A turbine device which rotates, using a fluid 4 supplied from above, a plurality of phase storage bodies 6 which store said fluid 4 and are secured to a rotating shaft 2, said turbine device being characterized in that: the phase storage bodies 6 comprise a front wall, a rear wall and a lateral wall, and are fluid storage bodies which expand in the direction in which the rotating shaft 2 extends; a front curve 30 of the lateral wall visible when viewed from the front and a rear curve 31 of the lateral wall visible when viewed from the rear are positioned in a manner such that in comparison to the phase of the front curve, the phase of the rear curve 31 is rotated forward in the rotation direction around the rotating shaft 2 by only the torsion angle, while the peripheral region of the rear curve 31 extends by only the extension angle; and the lateral wall of the phase storage bodies 6 is formed as a result of the interval between the front curve and the rear curve 31, which is rotated by only the torsion angle and extends by only the extension angle, being connected in the front-rear direction by a three-dimensionally twisted wall surface.

Description

Turbine equipment, electromagnetic induction equipment and connected turbine systems

The present invention relates to a turbine device related to gravitational torque conversion that converts potential energy of a fluid into useful mechanical power. The turbine device related to gravity torque conversion of the present invention can be suitably used as a power generation device.

Electrical energy produced in a general power plant is generated by rotating the rotating shaft of a dielectric power generation device called a dynamo or alternator using some kind of physical power energy. ”. For example, thermal power generation uses fuel such as oil, coal, combustible gas, or nuclear power, converts it into high-temperature "thermal energy," generates strong steam pressure in a boiler, and uses that "strong pressure" to generate electricity. The most common method is to generate electricity by rotating a turbine connected to the machine at high speed.
On the other hand, a turbine device has also been proposed that uses the potential energy of a fluid located at a high position to turn a rotating shaft and obtain kinetic energy.
As a type of such a turbine device, a turbine device as disclosed in Patent Document 1 below has been proposed with the aim of generating power with high efficiency and high output even when installed in a place where a sufficient head cannot be obtained.

JP2019-173690A

However, in the process of converting energy resources such as fuel into easy-to-use electrical energy, a huge amount of thermal energy is wasted, and the efficiency of energy transformation still remains extremely low. In particular, in the case of thermal power generation, most of the energy originally contained in fuel substances is converted into thermal energy, and the power generation turbine is turned by the physical power energy of the steam pressure generated by the boiler.
In other words, most of the energy is wasted when it is converted into thermal energy, and for stable operation of the power generation system, other power is used for cooling and control, and it is difficult to store electricity. Although it always generates more power than the actual demand, all the power that is not used or consumed momentarily disappears, so it can be said that operational efficiency is extremely low.

In summary, there is a need for a power supply system that can be expected to improve power generation efficiency, and the challenges to achieve this include the following.
(A) Develop a turbine device that uses the potential energy of a fluid located at a high position without using heat, reduces energy loss, and converts the energy into rotational energy with high efficiency.
(B) Develop a highly efficient turbine device that can convert the potential energy of fluid flowing through water sources where a sufficient head cannot be obtained or where the amount of water is low into rotational energy.

The present invention has been made to solve each of the above problems.
A broader object of the present invention is a turbine device, an electromagnetic induction device, and a connected turbine system that can efficiently convert physical power energy such as potential energy of a fluid into power for rotating a turbine used for power generation etc. with a simple configuration. The goal is to provide the following.

The turbine device according to the basic first aspect of the present invention includes:
A turbine device that rotates a plurality of reservoirs that store the fluid and that are fixed to a rotating shaft by gravity related to the fluid,
The apparatus is characterized in that it has a distribution function part that distributes the fluid between the plurality of reservoirs so as to be effective in changing the rotational torque around the rotation axis.
The second aspect of the present invention is
a supply port for supplying the fluid supplied from above to the reservoir;
an opening for introducing the fluid into the reservoir from the supply port;
The reservoir is configured to include at least a phase reservoir,
The phase reservoir is a reservoir for the fluid that is configured to include a front wall, a rear wall, and a side wall, and spreads in the direction in which the rotation axis extends,
In the front curve of the side wall that appears when viewed from the front side and the rear curve of the side wall that appears when viewed from the rear side, the phase of the rear curve is compared to the phase of the front curve. , rotated so as to advance in the rotation direction by a twist angle around the rotation axis, and extend a peripheral area of the rear curve by an extension angle;
The side wall of the phase storage body connects the front curve and the rear curve rotated by the twist angle and extended by the extension angle in the front-rear direction with a three-dimensionally twisted wall surface. It is characterized by the fact that it consists of
The third aspect of the present invention is
The distribution function section is characterized in that it includes a valve.
The fourth aspect of the present invention is
The distribution function includes a valve, and the valve is provided in the phase reservoir, and the valve is configured to open the valve to direct the fluid into the phase reservoir when the phase reservoir is in an upper position. When the fluid is taken in and rotated downward, the valve closes to prevent the collected fluid from leaking.

The fifth aspect of the present invention is
The reservoir is characterized in that it has an upstream reservoir that receives the fluid from the supply port, and the phase reservoir into which the fluid from the upstream reservoir flows.
The sixth aspect of the present invention is
A rotary fluid holding section is provided in the upstream storage section.
The seventh aspect of the present invention is
The rotary fluid holding section is characterized in that it is constituted by an impeller that rotates around the rotation axis.
The eighth aspect of the present invention is
It is characterized in that the front wall of the phase reservoir has an upstream valve and an inflow opening for the fluid.
The ninth aspect of the present invention is
The upstream valve is a flexible body valve,
The flexible body valve is
a mouth provided on the front wall;
a flexible body extending from the mouth toward the rear wall and having flexibility that can be deformed by the fluid pressure of the phase reservoir;
a shape maintaining body having a front end fixed to the mouth and extending rearward;
The shape maintaining body is arranged inside the flexible body.

The tenth aspect of the present invention is
The shape maintaining body is composed of an elongated flat plate, and the elongated flat plate is fixed to the mouth so as to extend in a radial direction from the rotation axis.
The electromagnetic induction device according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention is
The turbine device according to a second aspect includes a rotor to which a plurality of magnets are fixed, and an outer shell part that houses the rotor, and the outer shell part generates an induced current or an induced current by rotation of the magnets. It is characterized by having an induction coil in which an electromotive force is induced.
The twelfth aspect of the present invention is
The magnet is characterized in that it has a shape extending in the front-back direction.
The thirteenth aspect of the present invention is
It is characterized in that a valve is provided as the distribution function, and the valve distributes the fluid between the phase reservoir at an advanced position in the rotation angle and the phase reservoir at a position delayed in the rotation angle.

The fourteenth aspect of the present invention is
Both the front curve and the rear curve are spiral curves in which the radial position of the curve extending from the center of rotation gradually increases as it rotates in the circumferential direction.
The fifteenth aspect of the present invention is
The plurality of phase reservoirs is characterized in that the plurality of phase reservoirs are composed of three phase reservoirs mounted at 120° intervals around the rotation axis.
The sixteenth aspect of the present invention is
The torsion angle and the extension angle of the rear curve were set so that the side edges of the side walls of the phase reservoir, from which the fluid overflows as the phase reservoir rotates, are horizontal. , is characterized by.
The seventeenth aspect of the present invention is
The torsion angle and the extension of the rear curve are such that the side edges of the side walls of the phase reservoir, through which the fluid overflows as the phase reservoir rotates, are parallel to the axis of rotation. It is characterized by having set corners.
The eighteenth aspect of the present invention is
The valve is characterized in that it is configured with an opening/closing door that is driven by the action of gravity.
The nineteenth aspect of the present invention is
The phase reservoir is formed using a cylindrical shell that rotates about the rotation axis,
The cylindrical shell is composed of a front circular plate, a rear circular plate, and a cylindrical plate,
The cylindrical shell is characterized in that the opening is provided at a front end position or a rear end position of the phase reservoir.

The 20th aspect of the present invention is
A plurality of the turbine devices described in the second aspect are provided.
The twenty-first aspect of the present invention is
It is characterized in that three of the turbine devices described in the second aspect are arranged so that the rotational axes of the three turbine devices are arranged in an equilateral triangle.
The twenty-second aspect of the present invention is
The plurality of turbine devices are characterized in that, in the flow of the fluid, each of the plurality of turbine devices has a fluid path communication path that allows the fluid to flow from at least an upstream side to a downstream side.
The twenty-third aspect of the present invention is
A siphon type communication path using a siphon phenomenon is provided in at least a part of the fluid communication path.
The twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention is
The present invention is characterized in that it includes a return passage that returns the fluid from the turbine device on the downstream side to the turbine device on the upstream side, and a pump that circulates the fluid.

The twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention is
A serial turbine system having a configuration in which a plurality of the turbine devices are arranged horizontally,
a first upper storage tank provided above the first turbine device on the upstream side and containing the fluid falling from above;
a first lower reservoir provided at a position below the first turbine device and containing the fluid discharged from the first turbine device;
a siphon-type communication path that communicates from a lower position of the first lower storage tank to the supply port of the fluid of the second turbine device on the downstream side;
a second lower reservoir containing the fluid discharged from the second turbine device at a position below the second turbine device;
The first turbine device and the second turbine device are rotated by flowing the fluid from the second lower storage tank using a siphon phenomenon.
The twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention is
A second upper storage tank is provided above the second turbine device, and the siphon type communication path is communicated with the second upper storage tank.

The twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention is
A return passage is provided for returning the fluid flowing out from the second lower storage tank to the first upper storage tank, and a pump is provided for circulating the fluid flowing out.
The twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention is
The plurality of turbine devices are vertically connected via the fluid communication path.
The twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention is
The distribution function section is characterized in that it has an inter-reservoir communication port that communicates between the plurality of reservoirs.
The 30th aspect of the present invention is
The present invention is characterized in that it includes a distribution pump that distributes the fluid between the plurality of reservoirs in a manner effective for changing the rotational torque.
The 31st aspect of the present invention is:
The valve is a flexible body valve,
The flexible body valve is
an opening provided on the front wall of the reservoir;
a flexible body that extends rearward from the mouth and has flexibility that can be deformed by the water pressure of the reservoir;
a shape maintaining body having a front end fixed to the mouth and extending rearward;
The shape maintaining body is arranged inside the flexible body.
The 32nd aspect of the present invention is:
The valve is characterized in that it is a check valve in which the flow direction of the fluid is controlled in a predetermined direction by the fluid pressure of the reservoir.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a turbine device, an electromagnetic induction device, and a connected turbine system that can efficiently convert physical power energy such as potential energy of a fluid into power for rotating a turbine used for power generation etc. with a simple configuration. .

It is a perspective view showing an example of the turbine device concerning this embodiment. (a) is a diagram showing a conventional turbine blade, and (b), (c), and (d) are diagrams showing four or three turbine blades that can be adopted in the present invention. In the turbine blades (b), (c), and (d) in FIG. 2, the amount and state of fluid stored in each phase storage body when generating rotational torque are compared in the rotation sequence. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing instantaneous vector analysis using trigonometric functions to obtain rotational torque. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining rotational torque obtained by gravity, moment of inertia, and effective gravity that should be taken into account when rotating a blade. (a) is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a linear flat plate is rotated by fluid falling from above, and (b) is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a reservoir is used in which fluid flows and stagnates. (a), (b), and (c) are diagrams in which the horizontal axis represents the rotation angle of each turbine blade in FIG. 3, and the vertical axis represents the value of torque conversion. (a) is a view of the front curve seen from the front side, (b) is a perspective view of the main part of the turbine device seen from an angle, (c) is a view of the rear curve seen from the rear side, (d) ( e) and (f) are exploded perspective views showing phase reservoirs formed around the rotation axis, respectively. (a), (b), (c), and (d) are exploded perspective views of an example of a turbine device, respectively. (a), (b), and (c) are exploded perspective views of an example of a turbine device, respectively. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an assembled state of the disassembled turbine device. FIG. 2 is a perspective view for explaining the configuration of an opening and the configuration of a valve in an example of the present turbine device. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the movement and retention of the fluid in the front-rear direction until the falling fluid enters each phase storage body and exits from the discharge port. (a), (b), (c), and (d) are schematic diagrams viewed from the front side in order to explain the movement of the valves provided on the side walls of each phase storage body during rotation. (a), (b), and (c) are diagrams each showing how fluid flows into each phase reservoir when the rotation angle is 30 degrees. (a), (b), and (c) are diagrams each showing how fluid flows into each phase reservoir when the rotation angle is 60 degrees. (a), (b), and (c) are diagrams each showing how fluid flows into each phase reservoir when the rotation angle is 90 degrees. (a), (b), and (c) are diagrams each showing how fluid flows into each phase reservoir when the rotation angle is 120 degrees. (a), (b), and (c) are diagrams each showing how fluid flows into each phase reservoir when the rotation angle is 150°. (a), (b), and (c) are diagrams each showing how fluid flows into each phase reservoir when the rotation angle is 180 degrees. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another turbine device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram of another turbine device viewed from the front side. (a), (b), (c), and (d) are diagrams for explaining operations of other turbine devices, respectively. It is a figure for explaining a siphon phenomenon when a plurality of water storage tanks are provided in the horizontal direction, and is a figure showing a state where a valve is closed. FIG. 24 is a diagram for explaining the siphon phenomenon in a state where the valve is opened. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration in which fluid reservoirs are connected in the vertical direction. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view for explaining a serially connected turbine device according to the present embodiment that utilizes a siphon phenomenon. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a continuous turbine device that utilizes the siphon phenomenon using the potential energy of naturally falling fluid. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a serially connected turbine device that uses a siphon phenomenon to provide a fluid return passage and a pump that circulates the fluid. It is a diagram showing angle on the horizontal axis and relative torque output on the vertical axis. (a) to (e) are diagrams for explaining the configurations of other turbine devices, respectively. (a) to (d) are diagrams each for explaining the basic movement of a butterfly valve. (a) to (e) are diagrams for explaining examples of changes in the opening degree of the butterfly valve as the butterfly valve rotates. (a), (b), and (c) are diagrams each showing how fluid flows into each phase reservoir when the rotation angle is 0°. (a), (b), and (c) are diagrams each showing how fluid flows into each phase reservoir when the rotation angle is 30 degrees. (a), (b), and (c) are diagrams each showing how fluid flows into each phase reservoir when the rotation angle is 60 degrees. (a), (b), and (c) are diagrams each showing how fluid flows into each phase reservoir when the rotation angle is 90 degrees. It is a perspective view of an example of a flexible body valve. (a) to (c) are diagrams each illustrating a configuration related to a flexible body valve. (a) to (d) are diagrams each for explaining the operation of the flexible body valve. (a) to (c) are diagrams for explaining the advantages of the turbine device, respectively. (a) to (h) are diagrams each for explaining an example of an electromagnetic induction device. 1 is a diagram showing a power generation device using an example of an electromagnetic induction device. (a) and (b) are diagrams each showing an example of a serially connected turbine system. (a) and (b) are diagrams each showing an example of a serially connected turbine system. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a continuous turbine system in which turbine devices are provided in an equilateral triangular shape. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a power generation system.

[First embodiment]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the present invention, important aspects of this embodiment will be described below before describing an embodiment of a turbine device related to gravity torque conversion.
Important viewpoints in this embodiment include the following viewpoints.
(Aspect 1) Structure of the reservoir The reservoir has an expanse in the direction in which the rotating shaft extends (front-back direction), and also in the width direction (lateral and radial directions). It is a receptor for fluid that moves, convects, and stagnates between bodies. The reservoir can also be constructed in the form of a container. Each reservoir has an opening that receives fluid from an inlet, typically supplied from above. The aperture primarily functions as an inlet for fluid into the reservoir. Note that a configuration in which the opening is used not only as an inlet but also as an outlet of the reservoir can be adopted.
As shown in Fig. 6 or Fig. 13, when considering the rotational torque generated by a predetermined amount of falling fluid per unit time, in order to efficiently generate large rotational torque, it is necessary to A configuration is adopted in which the fluid moves in the direction extending in the direction of the axis of rotation and in the direction extending in the radial direction of the rotating shaft, and the fluid remains in the reservoir for as long as possible, and the force generated by gravity on the retained fluid is converted into rotational torque It is preferable to adopt a configuration in which the conversion is performed as follows. This concept also holds true for fluid movement between multiple reservoirs.

According to this idea, the rotational torque output, that is, the conversion efficiency into rotational energy is significantly affected by the shape of the storage body. As shown in FIG. 6(a), the linear flat plate 52 is rotated by the fluid 4 falling from above, and as shown in FIG. 6(b), the force of water volume due to gravity is converted into rotational torque. It is important to compare this with a state in which the object is rotated at a "low speed" with the aim of prolonging the time it is affected by gravity. On the premise of increasing torque output, if we consider a comparison between a container 51 (reservoir) that creates a natural "flow" that "stagnates" while performing "convection" and a structure that uses a flat plate 52. , the advantages of the configuration of this embodiment can be easily understood.
In other words, with the configuration of this embodiment described later, in an instantaneous operating state (in which there is accumulated water in advance), the injected water and the discharged water are in exactly the same operating state, that is, they consume the same potential energy. Under certain conditions, the efficiency of conversion into rotational torque can be increased not only several times, but tens of times, even hundreds of times.

(Aspect 2) Distribution function part As shown in FIGS. 8 to 13, when fluid flows upward into the reservoir due to the action of gravity, and when fluid flows out from the reservoir due to the action of gravity, the flow of fluid to the reservoir is It is important to consider a reservoir structure that can continuously and efficiently realize supply and discharge around a rotation axis. Note that in this specification, "distribution of fluid" is a concept that includes movement of fluid between different reservoirs, division (branching), and the like. The distribution function section 36 has a function of distributing fluid between a plurality of reservoirs so as to be effective in changing the rotational torque around the rotation axis.
Taking as an example a member to be described later, the distribution function section 36 may be configured by, for example, only the inter-reservoir communication port 38. The inter-reservoir communication port 38 may also be an inter-reservoir communication passage 39 having a certain length. Note that part or all of the opening 40 that takes the fluid into the reservoir from the supply port 22 may function as part of the distribution function section 36.
Further, as a preferable configuration of the distribution function section 36, a configuration including a distribution tool can be exemplified. Examples of the dispensing device include a valve body, a valve 5, an on-off valve, a water channel (gate mechanism), etc., as shown in the specific configuration described later. Note that the valve 5 includes valves of various configurations.

(Aspect 3) Supply Port A supply port for supplying fluid to the reservoir from above is disposed at a position facing the opening and suitable for supplying the fluid. The fluid supply port is constituted by a fluid supply pipe 34 (see, for example, FIGS. 1 and 14). The length of the supply port in the longitudinal direction, the length in the lateral direction, and the cross-sectional shape of the supply port when viewed from above are optimal for generating rotational torque depending on, for example, the configuration of the opening and, for example, the configuration of the distributor. is designed to be.
(Aspect 4) Angular range that maximizes rotational torque As shown in Figures 2 to 5, the angle range that can most efficiently generate rotational torque is 30 degrees above and below the horizontal line passing through the center of rotation of the rotating shaft. In other words, it is preferable to configure the reservoir with a shape that increases the amount of fluid retained in an angular range of 60 degrees.

(Aspect 5) Efficient use of gravitational energy by connecting turbine devices In terms of utilizing the potential energy of fluids, by installing multiple turbine devices, the gravitational energy of fluids located at high positions can be used more effectively than in conventional configurations. can.
Another major feature of these plurality of turbine devices is that they have a fluid path communication path 80 that allows fluid to flow at least from the upstream side to the downstream side.
The simplest explanation for efficient use of potential energy is, for example, in a plurality of fluid water reservoirs 70a, 70b, 70c as shown in FIG. If it is replaced with turbine devices 1a, 1b, and 1c, which will be described later, the efficiency of using the potential energy of the fluid will be increased compared to the case where only one turbine device 1a is provided at the position of the lowest water storage tank 70a. be able to.
The reason is that when water falls from the highest water supply position, that is, the lower end of the connecting pipe 77 of the storage tank 70c, if there is only one turbine device 1a at the lowest position, the turbine Due to phenomena such as impact, vibration, water splashing, and sound generation caused by the collision of the falling water with the turbine blades of the device 1a, the potential energy of the water at a higher position is lost, and the energy conversion efficiency is reduced. Because it will be. On the other hand, if the three turbine devices 1a, 1b, 1c are connected vertically to replace each of the water storage tanks 70a, 70b, 70c, the rotational torque will be large, although the speed will be low. It is possible to stably improve power generation efficiency.
Note that the configuration in which a siphon-type communication passage, which will be described later, is provided is an example of a configuration related to a subordinate concept of a continuous type turbine device.
One of the features of the concept of this embodiment is that when converting the potential energy of a fluid falling from above into the torque of the rotating shaft of the turbine shaft, the instantaneous kinetic energy hitting the turbine blades is converted into rotational torque. Compared to other configurations, the potential energy of the fluid can be efficiently converted into rotational energy by adopting various configurations and devices for allowing fluid to flow between individual reservoirs or between multiple reservoirs, causing convection and storage. There are some points that I have found.

Next, the shape design of the reservoir will be further explained.
Figures 2(a), (b), (c), and (d) are diagrams showing the shapes of turbine blades (turbine blades), respectively, and Figure 3 is the rotation of each turbine blade in Figures 2(b), (c, and d). It is a figure which illustrated a sequence.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for considering the gravitational effect rate depending on the rotation angle using trigonometric functions, where the solid line indicates a sine curve and the broken line indicates a cosine curve.
FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing factors that cause rotational torque. In FIG. 5, arrow G indicates gravity, arrow EG indicates effective gravity, and arrow M indicates moment of inertia. Further, T indicates rotational torque.
In the solid curve 42 shown in FIG. 4, considering angles at intervals of 15 degrees, and describing the acceleration difference and the gravitational effect rate, Table 1 is obtained. In FIG. 4, the width of the arrow 41 indicates a region indicating an angular range at 30° intervals.

Further, in the broken curve 43 shown in FIG. 4, if we consider angles at intervals of 15 degrees and describe the acceleration difference and the gravitational effect rate, Table 2 will be obtained.

As shown in FIG. 2, there are various ways to rotate a dielectric power generator using turbine blades, depending on the system configuration of the motive force that rotates the turbine blades. To convert fluids such as steam or water flowing at high pressure into rotational energy, it is necessary to install a large number of blades to increase the surface area that receives pressure. The higher the fluid pressure, the less pressure energy can be converted into rotational energy with a single blade wheel, so a method of stacking blade wheels in multiple layers is used. In addition, if the number of blade wheels is small, the efficiency of absorbing pressure and converting it into rotational power will be reduced, and the pressure will be wasted. On the other hand, if the number of blade wheels is too large, fluid resistance will increase and the overall fluid velocity will increase. At the same time, the turbine speed is also reduced, so just designing the turbine blades to improve the rotational efficiency of the turbine requires extremely complex and delicate design, installation, and operation.

As mentioned above, if we consider the storage body of this embodiment as a type of blade, it is not intended to receive pressure, but to receive water falling due to gravity, and the force due to the weight of the water is effective for torque conversion. It is important to be able to stay in a certain position for as long as possible. Therefore, there will be a large difference in the torque conversion characteristics depending on the shape of the reservoir.
For example, even though the three types of reservoirs shown in Figure 3 (b, c, and d) do not have much difference in appearance, there is a significant difference in torque conversion efficiency in the rotation range from 0° to 90°. .
Specifically, when a rotational power load is applied to turn the dielectric generator shaft, the gravitational acceleration is absorbed and the blades rotate at a low speed. The most efficient rotational angle band, which is converted into rotational torque depending on rotation band of °. It is important to utilize the torque that is generated when water falls and hits the blade, momentarily accumulating and overflowing due to the tilt of the blade.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 7, this torque output (Tcon) characteristic is different between the semicircular four-blade "Type b" shown in Fig. 7(a) and the semicircular three-blade "Type b" shown in Fig. 7(b). Compared to the "Type c" wing configuration, the "Type d" phase curve three-blade blade has a "phase curve shape" whose deployment angle expands in a spiral shape toward the outer shell, as shown in Figure 7(c). It can be seen that the performance is good. In other words, when comparing the torque output, it can be seen that the torque output of the "Type d" phase curve blade has far less deviation than the other two types, and has good "stability" over the entire rotation range.
If we calculate the energy conversion rate from this torque conversion characteristic, the area surrounded by the vertical and horizontal axes and the curved line shown in Fig. 7 will be the energy absorption rate.As a result, "Type d" is different from other types of blades. It can be seen that an energy conversion efficiency several times higher than that in the rotation range of 0 to 60 degrees can be obtained.

In other words, in order to convert the linear kinetic energy of water falling from above into rotational energy, it is necessary to convert the linear kinetic energy of water falling from above into rotational energy by 30 degrees above and below a line extending horizontally from the center of rotation of circular motion (the line that bisects the rotation circle into upper and lower semicircles). The most efficient way is to store water in the area of a 60° arc and rotate it while increasing the storage time, considering the effective rotation time rather than the instantaneous time of kinetic energy. If we perform an integral calculation, we can see that if we can always keep the fluid waiting for its weight within this 60° range, we can efficiently convert the kinetic energy of the falling fluid into rotational energy with a high conversion efficiency.
In addition, the blade shape adopts a "spiral curve" in which the radius increases from the center of rotation and extends to the outer periphery, as shown in Figure 3(d), with three spiral curves arranged at 120° intervals around the rotation axis. This means that the blade shape with the blade configuration is more efficient.

Further explanation.
The physical formula for energy (output energy) that can be generated from rotational torque is, as a correlation between generated output P [kW] and torque T [Nm], generated output P [W] is calculated from torque T [Nm] and rotational speed N [rps]. ] is calculated as P=2πTN. In other words, unless the rotational torque is stable, stable energy cannot be generated, and the amount of energy output per unit time will inevitably decrease.
The stability of rotational torque is an essential element when considering the power generation efficiency of a power generation system. In a system like this embodiment, which catches water falling due to gravity, stores it to a certain extent, and uses the force of the weight of that water to turn a turbine, it is possible to rotate the constantly changing weight balance of water. It is important to have a configuration that converts torque into torque and rotates the dielectric device efficiently. In this case, it is important to consider adding a configuration and a functional system that will rotate at a constant rotational speed as much as possible and provide a constant rotational torque output for a constant rotational load. Furthermore, in order to achieve stable and highly efficient power generation performance, it is important to achieve this with the simplest possible system configuration.

Specifically, in order to generate stable torque, it can be seen that the efficiency of torque generation (torque conversion), that is, the efficiency of energy conversion, changes significantly depending on the shape of the blade as shown in FIG. In the semicircular blade shapes shown in FIGS. 3(b) and 3(c), the torque output is as shown in FIG. When using the blade of (c), as shown in FIG. 4, a region 84 inside the sine curve 42 at a rotation angle of 0 to 90 degrees is represented as torque conversion, that is, the amount of absorbed energy. It will be done.
However, although it seems that the blank area 83 that cannot be filled in other than the area 84 inside the curve 42 of the sine curve is lost (wasted), according to modern general laws of physics, it is in the normal position. In terms of the law of conversion between energy and kinetic energy, it indicates the amount of energy when 100% of potential energy is converted to kinetic energy, and indicates a state where no conversion loss occurs. Incidentally, in order to flatten out the highly uneven torque output at a 90° rotation angle and make it easier to handle, the latest power generation systems of today have traditionally specialized in high-speed rotation.
In contrast, in this embodiment, one purpose is to use the blank area 83 as a complementable area. Note that the blank area 83 shown in FIG. 4 is an example of a "blank area that cannot be filled."

Hereinafter, a more specific configuration of the turbine device will be further described based on the consideration of the above viewpoints, with reference to the drawings regarding a gravity torque conversion type power generation system using the turbine device according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing the external appearance of a turbine device 1 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a turbine for simplicity) according to the present embodiment, FIGS. 9 to 11 are exploded views of the turbine, and FIG. 12 is a valve area FIG. 2 is a perspective view for explaining the configuration.
As shown in FIG. 1, the turbine 1 exemplified in this embodiment takes a water flow caused by natural falling water 4 as a fluid 4 into the turbine device 1, rotates a rotating shaft 2, and generates rotational power of the rotating shaft 2. This is a device that generates electricity by connecting it to a generator 3 such as a dynamo or alternator.
In this specification, as shown in FIG. 1, the direction in which water 4 falls is the vertical direction (referred to as the X direction in FIG. 1), and the direction in which the rotating shaft 2 extends is the front-rear direction (referred to as the Y direction in FIG. 1). The direction perpendicular to both the up-down direction and the front-back direction is called the lateral direction, the lateral direction (radial direction), or the left-right direction (shown as the Z direction in FIG. 1).

(Phase reservoir)
As shown in FIG. 1 as an example, the phase storage body 6 is a storage container fixed to the rotating shaft 2 of the turbine device 1, and is a three-dimensional storage container divided into a plurality of container parts in the direction in which the rotating shaft extends (front-back direction). It is constituted by side walls 16 (rotating blades) that are twisted in a circular motion.
Moreover, each phase storage body 6 has a front wall 14, a rear wall 15, and a side wall 16, and is a container that stores water as a fluid. The shapes of the front wall 14 and the rear wall 15 are not particularly limited as long as they are shapes that allow water to move and accumulate together with the side walls 16 within a predetermined time period determined by the system. It may be formed of a flat surface or a curved surface extending in the front-rear direction.
The phase storage body 6 rotates the front curve 30 described later by a twist angle θ (see FIG. 8(b)) in a predetermined direction, and rotates the front curve 30 by a twist angle θ (see FIG. 8(b)) in a predetermined direction. ) is connected to the rear curve 31 by a side wall 16 extending in the front-rear direction.
The side wall 16 of each phase reservoir 6 has a central region with a large curvature extending radially from the center of rotation and a peripheral region with a small curvature extending along the inner circumferential wall of the inner cylindrical shell. Preferably.

(spiral curve)
In addition, it is preferable that the front curve 30 and the rear curve 31 be configured as "a spiral curve in which the radial distance of the rotary blade increases as it rotates in the circumferential direction." In this specification, the expression "spiral curve" is used to include a polygonal line shape that connects a plurality of straight lines close to an approximate curve or a spiral curve to the extent that energy efficiency can be improved.
Various types of spiral curves are possible, including Archimedean spiral curves, logarithmic spiral curves, Fibonacci lines, and unknown adaptive spirals that are calculated to improve power generation efficiency in accordance with the usage pattern of fluid. Examples include curves.
Which curve to use is selected depending on the required capacity, properties, surrounding conditions, etc. of each turbine device. In the present invention, the number of blades formed along the spiral curve is not limited to three, but in order to achieve high energy efficiency, the number of blades is increased as explained using FIGS. 3 and 7. It is preferable to consist of three pieces.

(twist angle)
In the relationship between the front curve 30 and the rear curve 31 described above, in the phase around the rotation axis, the phase of the rear curve 31 is compared to the phase of the front curve 30, for example, by a twist angle θ around the rotation axis. I'm shifting it so I can move forward. The torsion angle θ is preferably determined from the viewpoint of a shape that increases the amount of fluid retained in an angular range of 30° above and below the horizontal axis, that is, 60°. , the twist angle θ is appropriately set.
(extension angle)
The extension angle φ increases the capacity of the water container when storing water, and also allows the side edge 33 of the side wall 16 (for example, see FIG. 17(a)) to be aligned with the horizontal line or the rotation axis 2. Since it is configured in parallel to the other, it can also be said to be an angle that defines the circumferential end of the side wall 16 of the phase storage body 6. In the case of three reservoirs spaced apart by 120°, it is preferred to have an extension angle φ of approximately 60°. It is simple and preferable for the side wall 16 to extend along the extension angle φ to extend the peripheral area of the side wall 16 along the circumferential direction.
In the specific embodiment described below, since there are three reservoirs, the twist angle θ and the extension angle φ are both set to about 60°.

(Position of opening and outlet)
If water falling from above is uniformly supplied to the phase reservoir 6 as a container in the direction in which the rotating shaft extends (front-back direction), water flow in the front-back direction is less likely to occur, and the residence time is shortened. In addition, when considering the overall configuration of the turbine device, if the water supply port and the water discharge port are provided at the end positions of the storage bodies in the front and rear direction, the water supplied to each storage body is Water moves toward lower positions according to the height difference in the front and rear direction. In addition, if the discharge point is limited to the front or rear end position, the residence time in each reservoir can be increased compared to a configuration in which the supply port or the discharge port is provided at the center position in the longitudinal direction of the turbine device. It can be said that the rotational torque can be increased. In this case, in order to lengthen the storage time, it is preferable that the direction in which the water flows and the direction of the discharge port from which the water is discharged are opposite directions due to the difference in height between the side walls of the storage body in the front and rear directions.
From this point of view, we designed the slope of the height of the bottom of the side wall of each reservoir, and also positioned the water supply and discharge ports of each reservoir closer to the ends of the turbine device in the longitudinal direction. It is preferable to provide one.
In addition, FIG. 13 shows that the rearward flow of water due to the difference in the bottom height position of the side wall 16 explained above and the forward flow of water at the time of discharge occur continuously in each phase reservoir. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the situation.

(valve)
Preferably, a valve is provided along the peripheral area of the phase reservoir as a distributor for supplying water to each phase reservoir from above.
If each phase storage body is composed of a bowl-shaped water container concave downward as shown in FIG. 6(b), and the entire upper surface is completely open, the Since the timing at which the falling water is supplied is not optimized and the position at which the water falls onto the phase reservoir cannot be optimized, it is not possible to increase the rotational torque. In other words, the combination of the configuration of the supply port 22, the configuration of the opening 40, and the configuration of the distribution function section 36, in other words, optimization of each of these parameters is important.
If the description is limited to the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 12, the preferred main functions of the valve are as follows.
(A) Valves along the periphery of the phase reservoirs operate to form an opening for admitting upward water into each phase reservoir as it moves upwardly.
(B) It operates to close the openings so that the water accumulated in each phase reservoir does not leak out as it moves from the upper position to the lower position.
The valves provided in the turbine device 1 are configured to distribute the amount of water stored in each phase reservoir and to increase the storage time. It is also preferred that each phase reservoir is provided with a valve.

The valve may also be constructed by providing a support shaft extending in the front-rear direction at a circumferential position in the peripheral area of each phase storage body, and using an on-off valve that rotates around the support shaft.
It is preferable that the on-off valve such as a revolving door has a curved line when viewed from the front so as to follow the curvature of the peripheral area of each phase storage body.
Further, it is preferable that the opening/closing valve is configured so that its opening/closing angle (hanging angle viewed from the support shaft) changes due to the action of gravity or the like. Although a configuration using gravity as the driving force for the valve can be constructed inexpensively and easily, in the present invention, in order to adjust the timing and improve the degree of closing of the opening, it is possible to use a valve driving means other than gravity (for example, various actuators). etc.) is not excluded.

(Fluid distribution device to multiple reservoirs)
Unless the water falling from above is continuously supplied to the rotating plurality of phase reservoirs, efficient rotational torque cannot be obtained over the entire angular range. For this reason, at the falling position of the water supplied from above, the amount of water is divided (allocated) between the phase reservoir at the advanced position in the rotation angle and the phase reservoir at the position delayed in the rotation angle so as to increase the efficiency. Preferably, a dispensing device is provided.
Note that in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 12, which will be described later, the valve 5 also serves as a dispensing tool.

The components of this embodiment have been described above based on the above-mentioned viewpoints, but an example of a turbine device having a more specific configuration will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 9, the turbine device 1 according to this embodiment is housed in an inner cylindrical shell 11. As shown in FIG. Further, the inner cylindrical shell 11 is accommodated in the outer cylindrical shell 18.
As shown in FIG. 9(b), the turbine device 1 has three side walls 16 arranged at 120° intervals around the rotating shaft 2, with the side walls 16 whose radius increases in the circumferential direction from the center being twisted three-dimensionally. , and the outer periphery is surrounded by an inner cylindrical shell 11. The inner cylindrical shell 11 has a shape like a cylindrical container in which a cylindrical plate 13 is attached to a rear circular plate 12. The front side wall 16 is fixed to the front circular plate 17, and the rear side wall 16 is fixed to the rear circular plate 12.
Most of the side wall 16 in the front-rear direction is accommodated within the cylindrical plate 13 of the inner cylindrical shell 11 and is fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the cylindrical plate 13. Therefore, the inner cylindrical shell 11 rotates as the rotating shaft 2 rotates.

As shown in FIG. 12, the length of the cylindrical plate 13 of the inner cylindrical shell 11 in the front-rear direction is longer than the length of the turbine blade in the front-rear direction (the length of the side wall 16 attached to the rotating shaft 2). Since the opening 40 is formed to be shorter by the length d in the longitudinal direction shown in FIG. 12, an opening 40 without a circumferential wall of the cylindrical plate 13 is formed on the front side of the turbine device 1 over 360 degrees around the rotating shaft 2.
As shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the outer cylindrical shell 18 is concentrically formed with the inner cylindrical shell 11 and has a substantially similar shape on the rotating shaft 2. It is constructed into a container shape by a front circular plate 19, a rear circular plate 20, and a cylindrical plate 21 to prevent water from leaking.
The space between the outer circumferential wall of the inner cylindrical shell 11 and the inner circumferential wall of the outer cylindrical shell 18 functions as a discharge passage 24 through which water leaking from the side wall 16 of each phase storage body flows downward (see FIG. 17(a)). .
As shown in FIG. 11, a supply port 22 for power water to the turbine device 1 is provided at an upper position (preferably at the uppermost position) near the front end of the outer cylindrical shell 18. Further, a power water outlet 23 is provided at a lower position near the front end of the outer cylindrical shell 18 (preferably at the lowermost position).
Note that the outer cylindrical shell 18 may be replaced by an outer shell of another shape, a funnel, or the like, as long as it has a structure that allows water to be supplied and discharged well inside. Moreover, depending on the usage form of the turbine device 1, it is also possible to omit the outer cylindrical shell 18 itself as appropriate.

Next, the specific valve 5 will be explained.
As shown in FIG. 12, a support shaft 7 extending in the front-rear direction is provided at the end of the peripheral area of the twisted side wall 16 facing the front opening 40 at an end position of the main body of the valve body. By being inserted into the bearing body 8, an opening/closing door 10 serving as the valve 5 is configured. Three opening/closing doors 10 are provided at 120° intervals. As illustrated in FIG. 14(a), the opening/closing door 10 is a valve 5 having an inward-opening structure that hangs down toward the inside of a cylindrical body around a support shaft 7 as a central axis due to gravity. In addition, when the valve 5 is supported by the peripheral area of the side wall 16, due to the action of water pressure and gravity in the phase reservoir 6, it is tightly attached to the peripheral area of the side wall 16 by an elastic body or the like. The two parts are in close contact with each other to form a valve that hardly leaks water in the phase storage body 6.
In the configuration of the embodiment, the shape of the valve 5 is formed into a substantially curved plate shape, which has substantially the same curved shape as the peripheral area of the side wall 16 when viewed from the front, and has a substantially width d in the front-rear direction. It has been done.

Next, a specific configuration of the phase storage body 6 will be explained.
As shown in FIG. 8(b), in a configuration having three phase storage bodies 6, when rotating clockwise, the twist angle θ is set to a position advanced by 60° in the clockwise direction. The extension angle φ is extended by 60° in the opposite direction to the clockwise direction.
As shown in FIGS. 8(d) to 8(f), the three spaces between each side wall 16a, 16b, 16c become phase spaces 28, and each phase space 28 includes a valve 5 and an opening 40 (see FIG. 12). ), fluid such as water flows into each phase space 28 and rotates while being stored in each phase space 28.
The connection form of the side walls 16 constituting each phase space 28 in the front-rear direction is such that the center side line portion of the front curve 30 is connected to the center side line portion of the rear curve 31, and the outer peripheral side line portion of the front curve 30 is connected to the center side line portion of the rear curve 31. are connected to the outer peripheral side line portion of the rear curve 31, so three three-dimensionally twisted phase reservoirs 6a, 6b, and 6c are formed, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 8(e) to 8(f). Ru.

The rear wall 15 constituting each phase reservoir 6 is constructed using the rear circular plate 12 of the inner cylindrical shell 11. That is, as shown in FIG. 8(c), each of the three spiral rear walls 15 is formed by using the wall surface of the rear circular plate 12 (see FIG. 9(c)). Similarly, the front wall 14 constituting each phase storage body 6 is constructed using a front circular plate 17 (see FIG. 9(b)). That is, as shown in FIG. 8(a), each of the three spiral-shaped front walls 14 is formed by using the wall surface of the front circular plate 17.
The configuration of this phase reservoir allows for automatic movement of the water generated by the water's own weight (gravity), and changes in the gravitational balance due to the movement of the water, which is always effective in the rotation range by highly efficient torque conversion. This naturally creates ``convection and stagnation.'' In other words, it has an automatic adjustment function that does not require a control system, eliminates the need for a pump system or adjustment control device, and makes it possible to realize more stable and highly accurate operation while simplifying the system structure.

Next, we will explain how this turbine device can automatically create optimal convection and stagnation to generate stable torque without using a pump or control device.
The shape of the outer shell of the reservoir in each of the three phase spaces 28 is such that the phase angle continues from the side with a delayed phase angle (the left side of the inner cylindrical shell 11 in the drawing) to the side with a twisted phase angle that advances throughout the entire rotation. The space is shaped like a ``waterway'' that ``spreads out at the end'' and ``gently descends.''
As water moves naturally and automatically due to gravity, it is possible to intentionally adjust convection and stagnation by adjusting the descending angle and width of waterways. This is because once the shape of the reservoir is determined, the flow rate may be determined inevitably. Other requirements include the timing of the spatial movement of water, the spatial shape, the position of the spatial movement waterway (gate mechanism), and the opening/closing and switching points of the waterway. By optimizing the positioning and balance settings to produce the most efficient results, gravity can be used as the power source, eliminating the need for any other control equipment and allowing near-accurate, continuous operation.

(Example of operation of turbine device)
An example of the operation of the turbine device 1 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 14 to 20.
14(a) to (d) show the rotation of the side walls 16a, 16b, 16c and the valves 5a, 5b, 5c in the turbine device caused by rotations of 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of the turbine device, respectively. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the movement.
15 to 20, (a) shows the inflow state seen from the front side, (b) shows the inflow state seen from an oblique direction, and (c) shows the inflow state seen from the rear side. are shown respectively.
As shown in FIG. 15, the position of the bearing body 8a of the first valve 5a corresponding to the first side wall 16a is 0° at the time of startup, that is, 30 degrees clockwise from (see FIG. 14(a)). In the rotated state, water falling from above flows into the first side wall 16a through the opening 40 (see FIG. 12), and the first valve 5a is closed by the action of the flowing water pressure and gravity. become a state. In this state, as can be seen by comparing FIGS. 15(a) and 15(c), the bottom height position of the first side wall 16a on the rear side is higher than that of the first side wall on the front side. Since the bottom wall is inclined to be at a lower position than the bottom height position of 16a, the water flowing in moves downward to the rear. On the other hand, the second valve 5b is brought into an open state by the action of gravity, leaving the state along the second side wall 16b and coming into contact with the wall surface on the center side of the third side wall 16c. It has become.
Further, the water falling from the supply port 22 hits the center side wall of the second side wall 16b, and is gradually diffused in the radial direction of the first side wall 16a to a position below the first side wall 16a. It accumulates in
In this case, since the water falling toward the first side wall 16b is configured to hit a large curvature part at the center of the first side wall 16b, most of the water that bounces back is absorbed into the phase reservoir. It is designed to flow into the body 6a.

Next, as shown in FIG. 16, when the position of the bearing body 8a of the first side wall 16a is rotated by 60 degrees from the time of startup, the second valve 5b is further moved from the parallel state shown in FIG. Since the second side wall 16b is tilted inward and an opening is formed by the second valve 5b on the outer circumferential side wall of the second side wall 16b, the falling water is divided into two parts, and the water is divided into two parts, and the water is separated from the first side wall. 16a and a second side wall 16b, and a phase reservoir 6b consisting of a second side wall 16b and a third side wall 16c. Water begins to flow into 6. In addition, since the height position on the rear side of the phase storage body 6b is also low, water flows toward the rear side and is gradually stored.

Next, as shown in FIG. 17, when the position of the bearing body 8a of the first side wall 16a is rotated by 90 degrees from the time of startup, the side edge 33 of the first side wall 16a is in a horizontal position. By rotating the phase reservoir 6a by more than 90 degrees, water will overflow from the side edge 33 of the phase reservoir 6a through the opening 40. Since the inner cylindrical shell 11 has no opening through which water exits except the opening 40 provided on the front side of the turbine device 1, when the water flows out, a water flow is created in the phase storage body 6a to the front side. . On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 17(c), since a large amount of water is stored on the rear side of the phase storage bodies 6a and 6b, stable rotational torque can be generated.
As shown in FIG. 17(a), the annular space between the inner cylindrical shell 11 and the outer cylindrical shell 18 functions as a discharge passage 24, and water is discharged from the discharge port 23.
Further, in the state shown in FIG. 17, all of the falling water flows into the phase reservoir 6b.
In this way, the pattern of water injection into the phase reservoirs 6a and 6b, convection, retention, overflow from the side edge 33, and discharge from the opening 40 and the discharge port 23 is 0° to 90° (90° is the fluid flow rate). This occurs in the range of the instant of overflowing from the lateral edge 33). Moreover, such a phenomenon creates a "time difference" in the flow of fluid into the phase reservoirs 6a and 6b by the valve 5. Further, fluid is supplied by the second valve 5b to the plurality of phase reservoirs 6a and 6b which are arranged before and after the rotation, simultaneously and in parallel.
Note that in one rotation of 360 degrees, a total of four rotational torque generation patterns are constantly repeated.

Next, as shown in FIG. 18, when the position of the bearing body 8a is rotated by 120 degrees from the time of startup, the second valve 5b hangs down almost vertically within the phase reservoir 6b. Water flows and collects toward the rear inside 6b. Moreover, as can be seen by comparing the state of FIG. 17(a) with the state of FIG. 18(a), and the state of FIG. 17(c) with the state of FIG. 18(c), the phase accumulation occurs with rotation. Since the position of the water in the bodies 6a and 6b also moves in the lateral direction (left and right direction), the residence time can be increased and rotational torque can be easily generated.
Next, as shown in FIG. 19, when the position of the bearing body 8a is rotated by 150 degrees from the time of starting, most of the water in the phase storage body 6a is flowing out, and gravity is not easily applied. However, since the amount of water stored in the phase storage body 6b increases, a stable rotational state can be maintained.
Next, as shown in FIG. 20, when the position of the bearing body 8a is rotated by 180 degrees from the time of startup, the third valve 5c is open, so that the amount of water is reduced in the plurality of phase reservoirs 6b and 6c. Sorting can be done. In this way, distribution, inflow, and discharge of water to the phase reservoirs 6a, 6b, and 6c are continuous, and rotation can be performed continuously by operating in the same manner from 180° to 360°. .
In addition, as shown in FIGS. 15 to 20, the valve 5 itself also functions as a distributor for the fluid supplied to the phase reservoirs 6a, 6b, and 6c by opening and closing the valve 5. I understand.

The water channel (gate mechanism) included in the distribution function section 36 according to the present embodiment is an important element in order to convert the vertically directed gravity vector into rotational torque with high efficiency without disturbing it. Specifically, in order to efficiently convert water that flows down in a straight line due to gravity into a circular orbit and convert it into torque, avoid as much as possible the form of water storage where the falling water collides and bounces back. Must be a structure. If the falling water hits the concave side of the blade for storage, all of the energy can be absorbed, so there is no problem, but during the rotation process, the concave side turns downward and the concave side becomes conversely raised When water flows down, there is inevitably a rotational range where energy is unavoidably wasted due to the water colliding with the engine and bouncing off or splashing around.
The above-mentioned water channel (gate mechanism) suppresses this, and basically hits the falling water at an angle of 30 degrees or more with respect to the vertical vector, preventing it from scattering in directions other than those that are effective for rotational torque. A gate hall has been constructed that straddles the space effortlessly to avoid any problems. However, if the gate hole is left open, it will be difficult to store it, and as a result, there will be a big problem in converting it into rotational torque. Therefore, the distribution function section 36 is configured with a "movable valve 5" that is operated by gravity to solve these problems.
In addition, as described above, in the present invention, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the drive/control means for the "movable valve 5" is not limited to gravity.

Further, the advantage of this embodiment is that the turbine device can highly efficiently utilize potential energy resources stored in fluids that have been overlooked in the past, such as short vertical drops of water, streams that flow due to the development of potential energy, and waterfalls. There are some points that can be provided.
Since it has a configuration that can convert the potential energy of a fluid into rotational energy with high efficiency, this embodiment is applicable not only to water but also to a wide range of technical fields that convert the potential energy of various fluids into kinetic energy. , it is possible to implement.

[Second embodiment]
21 to 23 are diagrams for explaining a turbine device in which the distribution function section 36 is composed of an inter-reservoir communication path 39 that connects a plurality of reservoirs, and a distribution pump 37.
As shown in FIG. 21, this turbine device has an inner cylindrical shell 11 similar to the Durbin device configured in the first embodiment, and a side wall 16 is provided on the front side of the front circular plate 17 and the rear side circular plate 12, respectively. It has a configuration that appears as a curve 30.30. In other words, these three reservoir bodies 90a, 90b, and 90c are reservoir bodies that are not provided with the twist angle θ and the extension angle φ, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 22, an inter-reservoir communication passage 39 that communicates a first inlet 92 in the first reservoir 90a with a first outlet 93 in the second reservoir 90b, and a first inlet 92 in the second reservoir 90b communicate with each other. An inter-reservoir communication path 39 that communicates the second inlet 94 with the second outlet 95 in the third reservoir 90c, and the third inlet 96 in the third reservoir 90c and the third outlet 97 in the first reservoir 90a. An inter-storage body communication path 39 is provided to communicate with the storage bodies. Distribution pumps P1, P2, and P3 are each provided at a predetermined position capable of moving fluid between the inlet and the outlet. FIG. 22 shows a configuration in which distribution pumps P1, P2, and P3 are provided in the inter-reservoir communication path 39. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 21, the respective inter-reservoir communication passages 39 and the distribution pumps P1, P2, P3 are shown to be provided closer to the front side of the turbine device.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 22, the sequence for operating this turbine device is to move water as shown in FIG. 23, thereby making it possible to generate strong and stable rotational torque over the entire rotation range.
As shown in FIG. 23(a), at the time of starting at 0°, water has already accumulated in the first reservoir 90a located at the upper right. If we consider a state in which rotational torque is applied in the clockwise direction as a 0° start, then in this 0° state, the dielectric generator begins to rotate slowly while receiving resistance from the rotating shaft to rotate the shaft. The weight of water at 0° is the peak point of the storage state that is most effective for converting rotational torque, and at 0° in Fig. 23(a), the P1 pump starts operating, and the water is located on the left side. Water starts moving into the second storage body 90b.
In addition, in the rotation range from 0° to 30° shown in Figures 23(a) to 23(b), the gravity follows or parallels the direction of water flow, so there is almost no pump operating load on P1, and other P2 and P3 pumps are not in operation, so naturally there is no operating load on them.
On the other hand, in the rotation range from 30 degrees to 60 degrees shown in FIGS. 23(b) to 23(c), a slight pumping load is applied.

Furthermore, although the maximum pumping load is applied from 60° to 90° as shown in FIGS. 23(c) to 23(d), water spatially moves toward the second storage body 90b in this 90° rotation range. As a result, even if the entire storage body obtains a force in the direction of rotation, and the water storage position in a single space becomes a position unfavorable to rotational torque conversion, another storage body 90 is always moved with a minimum moving load. Torque conversion state can be achieved with stable maximum efficiency. In other words, in terms of weight balance, it is possible to convert the force that is constantly subjected to the most important load in the entire rotation range into rotational torque.
During one 360° rotation, P2 and P3 pumps operate in the same way as P1 shown in Figure 23 at appropriate times, and this 90° rotation pattern is repeated four times, resulting in stable torque conversion over the entire rotation range. can be made possible.
In addition, in FIGS. 21 to 23, the structure is such that water does not enter from above, but the supply port 22 (not shown), the discharge port 23 (not shown), and the outer cylindrical shell 18 (not shown) may be ), water can enter from the supply port 22 and be discharged from the discharge port 23.
In this configuration, in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, in order to generate more rotational torque, an inter-reservoir connection path 39 is provided between the plurality of reservoirs, and the distribution pump 37 is driven. .

[Third embodiment]
The third embodiment is a continuous type turbine device that utilizes a fluid rising effect in a pipe such as a siphon phenomenon. Note that in this specification, the term "siphon phenomenon" is used as a concept that includes not only the generally defined "siphon phenomenon" but also "a phenomenon that has an action of raising fluid in a pipe."
In this third embodiment, a plurality of turbine devices having turbine blades (storage bodies) of various shapes and extracting the potential energy of a fluid as kinetic energy are arranged in a substantially horizontal direction, and each turbine device is communicated with each other. In this configuration, a fluid communication passage is provided, a siphon type communication passage using a siphon phenomenon is provided in at least a part of the fluid communication passage, and rotation of a plurality of turbine devices is realized based on the siphon phenomenon.
In addition, as a broad concept, "turbine blades (storage bodies) of various shapes" can also be understood as an example of a conversion means that converts the potential energy of falling fluid into practical kinetic energy such as rotational energy.
Such energy conversion means are housed in a container with falling fluid, such as a turbine arrangement that extracts kinetic energy.
Examples of the energy conversion means include devices and elements such as means for converting pressure fluctuations caused by a fluid, positional fluctuations of a converter due to falling fluid, and electromagnetic field fluctuations for a coil or the like into energy. A piezo element etc. can be illustrated as such an example.

Before describing the third embodiment, the siphon phenomenon when a plurality of water storage tanks is provided will be described.
The siphon phenomenon generally occurs when water is flowed through a pipe connecting a high starting point and a low destination point. Even if there is water, it continues to flow without being pumped up."
There are many explanations for the occurrence of the siphon phenomenon, such as explanations that emphasize atmospheric pressure or explanations that depend on the difference in gravity related to the amount of water in the pipe due to the difference in height within the pipe, but in this embodiment, emphasis is placed on the phenomenon that actually occurs. do.

As an example of the siphon phenomenon, as shown in FIG. 24, in three water storage tanks 70a, 70b, and 70c located at approximately the same height, a siphon phenomenon occurs from the lower position of the water storage tank 70 on the upstream side to the downstream side. Consider a case where a communicating path 71 is provided in the upper part of a certain water storage tank 70 and each water storage tank 70a, 70b, 70c is filled with water 69. In such a case, all the spaces in each water storage tank 70a, 70b, 70c and the communication path 71 are filled with water (not shown), or as shown in FIG. , 70b, 70c are filled with a certain amount of water on the lower side and air on the upper side. Then, as shown in FIG. 24, a discharge path 74 connected to the water storage tank 70a on the most downstream side is provided, and when the valve body 72 provided in the discharge path 74 is closed, as shown in FIG. When the valve body 72 is opened, air 73 is sucked in from the communication passage 71 provided at the upper part of the water storage tank 70c, and the height position of the water in the water storage tanks 70a and 70b hardly changes. , a phenomenon occurs in which water continuously flows out from the discharge channel 74.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a configuration in which water storage tanks 70a, 70b, and 70c are connected and connected in the vertical direction via a conduit 77.
As can be seen by comparing the siphon phenomenon in FIGS. 24 and 25 with FIG. 26, if the water storage tanks 70a, 70b, 70c70 are arranged approximately horizontally and the siphon phenomenon described above is repeated, the structure shown in FIG. This creates a fluid flow phenomenon that is almost the same as stacking up and down in the vertical direction.
If the configuration uses the siphon phenomenon shown in Figures 24 and 25, various conditions must be met to create a system that can repeatedly obtain potential energy by simply arranging each storage tank in a substantially horizontal direction without using pumping energy. This can be achieved by preparing the following.

Furthermore, an example of the concept of the siphon phenomenon will be explained regarding a continuous turbine system using a siphon type communication passage. Note that this way of thinking is just a thought experiment, and the present invention is not limited to this way of thinking.
Originally, it is an accepted theory that under the natural action of gravity, water absolutely only flows from top to bottom. In the siphon phenomenon shown in Figures 24 and 25, depending on the positional relationship of the water, the way of piping, and the surrounding environment, water flows from the bottom to the top in the exact opposite direction of gravity, even without external pressurization such as a pump. The fact that even a stream of water with a considerable flow rate rises to a certain height is a phenomenon that can be easily verified and confirmed in practice.

However, according to the law of conservation of energy, this phenomenon is caused by the potential energy stored at the top being temporarily sucked up to the top by gravity, and the water flowing and falling below its original position, causing the potential energy to decrease. It is said that this happens when the water is consumed, and unless the water falls to the top and replenishes the amount of potential energy consumed, the flow of the siphon phenomenon will naturally stop.
As long as we actually observe this series of phenomena, it is said that ``the law of conservation of energy is absolutely true,'' but when we consider the time axis as well, the law of conservation of energy is contradictory. Therefore, it is considered to be incomplete as an energy calculation calculation.
I think this is because they are only validating the results of an extreme stationary state due to one-dimensional positional relationships.

As a question for general verification, when water is moving due to the siphon phenomenon, a considerable amount of water with mass is moving up and down, so instantaneous e = mv ² First, the fact that a considerable amount of kinetic energy is generated is ignored.
Next, when the water stops falling and the siphon phenomenon ends, it is impossible to regenerate the total amount of potential energy consumed by the falling mass and suck it up to the position before it fell. One point can be mentioned.
Then, in the same amount of time it took to fall, with no errors or frictional losses, and no other energy expended, return the entire amount of water that fell to its original position, i.e., with the same acceleration, against the gravitational acceleration. If you consider the "pumping energy" required to pump water upward at an increased speed, the problem is that it is completely out of proportion.

Specifically, in actual calculations, for example, if there is a solid substance with a mass of 1 kg at a height of 1 meter, the potential energy calculated by Watts is 9.8 W (W=J/s). If 1J is the kinetic energy of a 1kg object with a force of 1N at a gravitational acceleration of 9.8m/s ² , and the object's velocity reaches 1m/s 1 second after it reaches 1m below, then it certainly Similar phenomena occur and are useful as a reference, but I don't think they hold true in the fluid motion of extremely minute molecules such as water.
It is difficult to imagine that it would take an "explosive" amount of energy to pump 1 kg of water, or 1 liter of water, to a height of 1 meter in 1 second and return it in a normal atmosphere of 1 atmospheric pressure on the ground. do not have.
In addition, even if it is not explosive, for example, by using a pump with a relatively appropriate pumping power that can pump 1 liter of water to a position of 1 meter in 10 seconds, the original potential energy can be recovered by pumping water. Even if the pump is an unrealistically high-performance pump with 100% power efficiency, in order to regenerate potential energy, it will require 9.8W x 10 seconds, which is well 10 times 98W. This would require more energy.

In other words, it is necessary to perform calculations that take into account the state of motion of each substance based on the "time axis," and when designing a power system, it is preferable to design according to their unique characteristics.
Note that the configuration of this embodiment, which will be described below, is considered with emphasis on the phenomenon in which effective energy is generated by the siphon phenomenon, and for the purpose of effectively utilizing the siphon phenomenon.
That is, we propose a turbine system in which a plurality of turbine devices are connected at approximately the same height position as shown in FIGS. 27 to 29 as an example.

(Connected turbine system using natural fluid fall)
Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 27, a continuous turbine system 62 using natural fluid fall, which is an example of the third embodiment, will be described.
As shown in FIG. 27, a first upper reservoir 54a into which the upper water (fluid 4) flows is provided above the first turbine device 1a, and a first turbine device 1a is provided at a lower position of the upper reservoir 54a. An upper connection passage 55a for supplying water to the supply port 22a is provided. Water discharged from the discharge port 23a of the first turbine device 1a is stored in the first lower storage tank 57a via the lower connection passage 56a. Here, the upper connection passage 55a and the lower connection passage 56a may be omitted as appropriate.

Furthermore, a rising passage 58 attached to the outlet 45 at a position lower than the height of the water put into the first lower storage tank 57a and a connecting passage located at a position higher than the supply port 22b of the second turbine device 1b. It communicates with 59. The downstream side of the connection passage 59 is connected to the supply port 22b of the second turbine device 1b. The connecting passage 59 is shown to be U-shaped.
The rising passage 58 and the connecting passage 59 constitute an example of the above-mentioned siphon type communication passage.
Further, a second lower storage tank 57b is provided below the second turbine device 1b, and the water in the second lower storage tank 57 is discharged from the discharge port 46 of the second lower storage tank 57b through the discharge passage 61.
With this configuration, when water flows out from the discharge passage 61 provided in the second lower storage tank 57b according to the siphon principle, the turbine blades of the two turbine devices 1a and 1b rotate, and each generates electricity. It can be performed.
In addition, in FIG. 27, the fluid path communication passage 80 is configured to include at least a passage through which fluid flows from the upstream side to the downstream side. In this embodiment, the fluid path communication path 80 is used as a concept including the first upper storage tank 54a, the lower storage tanks 57a and 57b, the siphon type communication path, the return path 65, and the like.

In this serial turbine system 62, many power generation devices can be run simultaneously in a chain from a water source with a small flow rate that is poured by the natural fall of power water due to gravity, and the power generation output can be easily increased. I can go.
The upper storage tank 54a shown in FIG. 27 for storing power water is designed to prevent excess air from entering the turbine module and leaking out, thereby preventing the stabilization of the water level in the downstream storage tank, etc. that makes the siphon effect function. It is set up for the purpose.
Furthermore, if the original amount of water that is naturally poured in is equal to or greater than the amount of water that comes out of the final outlet 46 of the siphon chain, then the connected turbine system 62 that utilizes this siphon phenomenon will operate stably. As a result, stable power generation can continue.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 27, the second upper storage tank 54b (not shown) is omitted, and a configuration in which only the second lower storage tank 57b is provided is shown.
However, like the first-stage configuration, a second upper storage tank 54b (not shown) is provided at a higher position than the supply port 22b of the second turbine device 1b, and a siphon-type communication path is connected to the second upper storage tank 54b. A configuration in which it communicates with a storage tank 54b (not shown) can also be adopted.
In addition, in the configuration shown in FIG. 27, the highest position of the connection passage 59 is shown to reach the first upper storage tank 54a, but at least the highest position of the connection passage 59 reaches the first upper storage tank 54a. Any configuration may be used as long as it is located at a higher position and can supply water to the supply port 22b.

Note that a generator 3 is attached to the rotating shaft 2 of each of the first-stage and second-stage turbine devices 1.
The number of elements 67 in the second and subsequent stages shown in FIG. , can be concatenated.
FIG. 28 illustrates such a configuration, and is a diagram showing a configuration in which four turbine devices 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d are arranged in series. In addition, in FIG. 28, since both the aforementioned front curve and the rear curve twisted at the twist angle θ are drawn, a total of six side walls 16 are drawn, three on the front side and three on the rear side. It is shown in the figure.

(Connected turbine system with fluid return passage and pump)
As a modification of the third embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 27 and 29, a return passage 65 for returning fluid from the turbine device on the downstream side to the turbine device on the upstream side and a pump 66 for circulating the fluid are provided. A continuous turbine system will be explained.
To explain the features of this configuration using the example of FIG. 27, a return passage 65 shown by a broken line in FIG. The water is returned to the upper storage tank 54a.
That is, by connecting the water discharged from the final discharge passage 61 of the connected turbine system to the first water intake part of the siphon chain using a pump 66 that operates with small electric power and has a small-scale pumping function. More siphon chain elements 67 can be connected.
Further, the configuration shown in FIG. 29 shows a turbine system in which four turbine devices 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d are connected through a fluid path communication path 80. In this configuration, the first upper storage tank 54a is not provided in the upper part of the first turbine device 1a, and the water returned by the pump 66 is directly communicated with the supply port 22 of the first turbine device 1a. There is.

The advantages of this system including return passage 65 and pump 66 are as follows.
First, since the water circulates within the connected turbine system, there is no need to constantly secure fresh water to fall, and there is no need to consider the supply of water from a high location.
Next, as a second point, if the above-mentioned principle of siphoning due to natural fall is used, the number of turbine devices 1 that can be installed in series will be limited due to the generation of gas dissolved in water during the depressurization caused by the siphon phenomenon, and the passage between water and water. Since various resistance factors such as internal surface tension have a considerable influence, it is necessary to take this into consideration. In this embodiment, by adding a pump 66 that has a small-scale pumping function that operates with small electric power as a power source to actively support the chain siphon phenomenon, the number of continuous installations can be reduced compared to natural fall. It can be increased compared to the configuration.
In addition, the power generation efficiency of the system can be improved by using a type of fluid that can reduce the amount of gas that dissolves into the fluid when the pressure is reduced, and reduce various resistance factors such as surface tension between the fluid and the passage. You can also do it.

In the present invention, the potential energy possessed by solid substances and the potential energy possessed by fluids such as water are determined based on the time axis affected by gravity as a physical phenomenon that actually occurs, as described above. There are completely different characteristics and transition forms in the correlation between ``consumption'' and ``generation (regeneration) through conversion.''
In particular, for non-solid liquid substances such as water and air, by changing or creating special flows such as convection and stagnation, it is possible to overlap the dynamic changes of fluid substances with mass over time. By causing this, it is possible to fill in the blank torque area that cannot be filled in by the general modern theory.
Specifically, the idea of the present invention makes it possible to efficiently supplement and fill in "blank areas that cannot be filled" using, for example, the following four methodologies and systems.

The first methodology is to use a blade shape that utilizes the phase curve shown in Figure 2(d) to increase the amount of storage over time, resulting in a significant amount of water as shown in Figure 7(c). This makes it possible to fill in the blank spaces.
The second methodology is a "distorted space" in which a two-dimensional phase curve as explained in the first embodiment is given a three-dimensional phase angle and a "twist" is added to the configuration of the first methodology. ” is being created. Then, each "distorted space" is installed in an integrated form, and by using the accurate flow of water due to natural gravity, the opening and closing of the inlet to each space is controlled in a timely manner, and the inflow timing of powered water is controlled. It is configured to delay or accelerate the With this configuration, the "fluid center of gravity" of water always stays at a position that is effective for rotational torque conversion, and by extracting instantaneous motion energy that exceeds simple potential energy and then discharging it, most blank areas can be removed. It makes it possible to fill in. For example, by switching the reservoir waterway to a distorted space with a twist of 60° at the timing described above, stable torque output performance can be achieved over the entire rotation range of 360°.
FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram thereof. In the region indicated by the 0° to 180° rotation range β, a rectangular region 87 corresponding to a relative torque of 1.0 on the vertical axis is almost filled by four chevron curves 86. This shows that stable torque output can be obtained by providing a distribution function section and switching the reservoir waterway as described above.

As mainly explained in the second embodiment, the third methodology is a configuration that does not use a distorted space that is twisted like the second methodology. In other words, by using a pump means such as an electric pump, the inter-reservoir communication passage 39 is provided so that the "center of gravity" of the power water flowing into each space is always at a position effective for rotational torque conversion. By setting the flow rate per unit time that is spatially moved at appropriate timing, it is possible to achieve torque conversion performance superior to that of the second method depending on various setting conditions.
However, since additional energy is required to operate the pump, it must be noted that the ``load on the amount of water pumped due to the difference in pumping height'' that occurs instantaneously accounts for most of the energy required to operate the pump. Since most of the moving process does not require this load, there may be a configuration in which the total amount of energy generated and the gain power obtained by subtracting the energy for operating the pump are positive.
Furthermore, since it is greatly affected by the performance of the pump and the way the piping is installed, this system alone cannot clearly improve the torque conversion efficiency as shown in the first and second methodologies above, that is, the amount of energy generated per unit time. In some cases, it may not be possible to contribute to the stabilization of

The fourth methodology is to use an articulated system that mainly utilizes the siphon phenomenon as described in the third embodiment. Note that, if necessary, by combining the above-mentioned first, second, and third methods, it is possible to further increase the torque conversion efficiency from a different perspective.
Each of the systems described in the first, second, and third methodologies also makes it possible to increase the efficiency of torque conversion from gravity in each unique system configuration. In each methodology, if we look at it roughly, it is possible to further amplify torque by using the potential energy of water due to gravity, the ``kinetic energy of water flow'', that is, convection, etc., and the weight balance due to the time difference due to retention. It can also be said that they have something in common. This basic idea is as explained in the comparison of FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b).
In particular, by linking the configurations of the second and third methodologies with the configuration of the articulated system described in the third embodiment, it is possible to utilize the siphon phenomenon that does not require other motive energy due to gravity or atmospheric pressure. A preferred configuration can be realized. In other words, it becomes possible to improve torque conversion efficiency, that is, energy conversion efficiency, to another dimension without being bound by the conventional general law of conservation of energy.

[Fourth embodiment]
FIG. 31 is a perspective view for explaining a turbine device according to a fourth embodiment.
This embodiment is characterized in that the distribution function section 36 described above is composed of a valve 5, and the valve 5 is composed of an upstream valve 48. Further, the reservoir has an upstream reservoir 101 that receives fluid from the fluid supply pipe 34 (see FIG. 34), and a phase reservoir 6 into which the fluid from the upstream reservoir 101 flows. It is said that The configuration of the phase storage body 6 is the same as the configuration described above.
The upstream storage section 101 is formed so that the length of the outer cylindrical shell 18 in the front-rear direction (longitudinal direction) is larger than the length of the inner cylindrical shell 11 in the front-rear direction (longitudinal direction) described in the above embodiment, and the front wall 14 has a thickness on the front side. The upstream storage section 101 is configured by providing a thin cylindrical space. An impeller 102 is provided within the upstream reservoir 101 and is attached to the rotating shaft 2. FIG. 31(b) shows, as an example of the impeller 102, an impeller 102 in which 12 blades 103 are provided at 30° intervals.

On the other hand, the front wall 14, which is the front partition wall of the inner cylindrical shell 11, is provided with an inflow opening 49 as shown in FIG. 32(a) to form a phase reservoir front wall 50. The phase reservoir front wall 50 corresponds to each phase reservoir 6a, 6b, and 6c. Each phase reservoir front wall 50 is provided with a valve opening 47 in which an upstream valve 48 is provided. In the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 31 to 37, the upstream valve 48 includes a butterfly valve 44 that rotates around a valve rotation shaft 128 (see FIG. 32) that extends radially from the rotation shaft 2. The amount of fluid flowing into each phase reservoir 6a, 6b, 6c is configured to be adjustable by continuously controlling the rotation angle of the butterfly valve 44.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 33(a), when focusing on the phase reservoir 6c, when the angle is 0°, the butterfly valve 44 of the phase reservoir 6c is in a closed state, and as shown in FIG. 33(b). At 30 degrees as shown in FIG. 33(c), the butterfly valve 44 of the phase reservoir 6c is half open on the side in the rotation direction, and at 60 degrees as shown in FIG. 33(c), the butterfly valve 44 of the phase reservoir 6c is fully open. When the angle is 90 degrees as shown in FIG. 33(d), the butterfly valve 44 of the phase storage body 6c is half closed on the rotation direction side, and when the angle is 120 degrees as shown in FIG. 33(d), The butterfly valve 44 of the phase reservoir 6c is controlled to be in a fully closed state. In addition, in the butterfly valve 44, a shaded state (gray) indicates a closed state, and a white state indicates an open state.

As shown in FIGS. 31 to 33, the blades 103 of the impeller 102 extend from the center to the periphery at 30° intervals, so the area where the fluid flows in from the fluid supply pipe 34 is minimized by the blades 103. Limited to every 30° unit angle. This restriction allows the amount of fluid flowing into each phase reservoir 6a, 6b, 6c to be maintained within the angle of the rotating vane 103. If there were no blades 103, the fluid flowing in from the fluid supply pipe 34 in FIG. 34 would fall through the upstream storage section 101 and be stored, and then immediately flow out from the fluid discharge pipe 35, so that the fluid retaining function would be lost. I can't fulfill it. Therefore, the impeller 102 functions as a rotary fluid holding section 132 that holds the fluid in each of the rotating phase reservoirs 6a, 6b, and 6c. The rotary fluid holding unit 132 may have any configuration other than the impeller 102 as long as it has the function of holding the fluid in each phase storage body 6a, 6b, 6c.

The operation according to this embodiment will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 34 to 37.
FIG. 34 is a diagram showing the state at each angle of 0°, 120°, 240°, and 360°, FIG. 35 is a diagram showing the state at each angle of 30°, 150°, and 270°, and FIG. 36 is a diagram showing the state at each angle of 30°, 150°, and 270°. , 60°, 180°, and 300°. FIG. 37 is a diagram showing the states at each angle of 90°, 210°, and 330°.
In the state of FIG. 34, as shown in FIG. 34(a), the butterfly valve 44 provided in the phase reservoir 6a is in a fully closed state, and fluid enters the phase reservoir 6a from the inflow opening 49 and is stored. state. When the phase reservoir 6a is rotated by 30 degrees from this state as shown in FIG. Then, it flows out through the discharge passage 24. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 35(a), the butterfly valve 44 of the phase reservoir 6c is controlled so that the upper half with the valve rotation shaft 128 in between is opened and the lower half is closed. The fluid accumulated between the blades 103 corresponding to the phase reservoir 6c also flows into the phase reservoir 6c from the butterfly valve 44 before flowing from the inflow opening 49, thereby producing rotational torque.

Next, as shown in FIG. 36(a), at a position rotated by 60 degrees, the fluid existing in the phase reservoir 6a flows out through the discharge passage 24 and generates rotational torque. Further, since the butterfly valve 44 of the phase reservoir 6c is fully open, the fluid existing between the corresponding blades 103 quickly enters the phase reservoir 6c, so that rotational moment is generated by the phase reservoir 6c. This will contribute to In this case as well, the fluid existing between the blades 103 rotates according to the phase reservoirs 6a and 6c, so the fluid can flow in at a timing and position where rotational moment is likely to occur, and the retention function can be enhanced. .

When the angle is 90° as shown in FIG. 37, the lower part of the butterfly valve 44 provided in the phase reservoir 6c is closed across the valve rotation shaft 128, and the upper part is open. Therefore, the amount of fluid entering the phase reservoir 6c can be increased. Note that the butterfly valves 44 present in the phase reservoirs 6a, 6b remain closed.
In this way, as the rotating shaft 2 and the impeller 102 rotate, the degree of opening and closing of the butterfly valve 44 is continuously controlled so that fluid can properly flow in from the impeller 102 as appropriate. At a preferable timing for generating rotational torque, the flow rate flowing into each phase reservoir 6 can be increased, and the rotational moment generated by the turbine device 1 can be increased by the fluid flowing in from the fluid supply pipe 34.

[Fifth embodiment]
FIG. 38 is a diagram schematically explaining the general configuration of the flexible body valve 105. The flexible body valve 105 is also used by being attached to the above-mentioned valve opening 47.
In this fifth embodiment, the upstream valve 48 is composed of a flexible body valve 105.
As shown in FIG. 38, the flexible body valve 105 has a mouth portion 106, a flexible body that extends from the mouth portion 106 toward the rear wall 15, and has flexibility that can be deformed by the water pressure of the phase reservoir 6. It has a body 107 and a shape maintaining body 108 whose front end is fixed to the mouth 106 and extends rearward. The mouth 106 is fixed to the valve opening 47 in the front wall 50 of the phase reservoir. The flexible body valve 105 has a mouth portion 106 that functions as an opening for taking in fluid, and the mouth portion 106 is formed to have the same size as the valve opening 47 . In this embodiment, the flexible body valve 105 is illustrated as having a cylindrical shape as a whole.

Further, the shape maintaining body 108 is arranged inside the flexible body 107. The material of the flexible body 107 is not particularly limited as long as it is flexible and can be flexibly deformed by water pressure.
The flexible body 107 is characterized in that the size of the rear opening 107a at the rear end of the flexible body 107 is closed by water pressure caused by being surrounded by fluid. As the material for the flexible body 107, a film made of synthetic resin or the like is preferably used. In such a film, the size of the rear opening 107a can be changed according to water pressure.
FIG. 39 is a diagram for explaining how to fix the shape maintaining body 108 and the flexible body 107 to the valve opening 47.
The proximal end portions 106k of the mouth portion 106 to which the shape maintaining body 108 is fixed are fixed toward the center of the rotating shaft 2, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 39(b) and 39(c). In the configuration shown in FIG. 38, the radial length L1 of the front end 108S of the shape maintaining body 108 is configured to be larger than the radial length L2 of the rear end 108E of the shape maintaining body 108. Further, since the length L1 in the diametrical direction of the shape maintaining body 108 at the position of the mouth portion 106 is formed smaller than the length of the diameter of the mouth portion 106, in FIG. In a certain upper region of the shape maintaining body 108 of the mouth portion 106, there is a region where the shape maintaining body 108 does not exist.

Note that the shape maintaining body 108 is, for example, a member provided to maintain the state in which the flexible body 107 extends in the front-rear direction. The length extending in the front-rear direction is adjusted as appropriate depending on the configuration of the reservoir. The shape maintaining body 108 shown in FIG. 38 has a length and shape that does not interfere with the closing direction of the rear opening 107a, for example, in the left-right direction (lateral direction). Since the rear opening 107a of the flexible body 107 is assumed to be closed in the horizontal direction, an example is shown in which the shape maintaining body 108 is constituted by a long flat plate 108a that is thin in the horizontal direction and long in the vertical direction. . In addition to the elongated flat plate 108a, the shape maintaining body 108 can also be composed of a plurality of rod-shaped bodies such as thick wire rods, a wire mesh, or the like. Further, in this embodiment, in order to maintain the shape of the flexible body 107, shape maintaining bodies 108 of various shapes can be provided.

FIG. 40 is a diagram for explaining the function of the flexible body 107, and is a diagram showing a change in the size of the rear opening 107a when the flexible body valve 105 is immersed in fluid.
As shown in FIG. 40(a), when the flexible body valve 105 is located above the fluid in the phase reservoir 6, the fluid 4 entering from the mouth part 106 flows inside the flexible body 107 and Fluid can be supplied into the phase reservoir 6 by flowing out from the opening 107a.
As shown in FIG. 40(b), when the rear opening 107a is about half immersed in the fluid 4, the air in the flexible body 107 is moved upward by the water pressure, and the rear opening 107a is expanded upward. become.

As shown in FIGS. 40(c) and 40(d), when the flexible body valve 105 is completely immersed in the fluid 4 of the phase reservoir 6, the rear opening 107a becomes narrow as if closed. . By employing such a flexible body valve 105, fluid flowing from the valve opening 47 can flow into the phase storage body 6, and fluid can flow backward from the rear opening 107a, so that the fluid flows through the opening 106. can be prevented from flowing out. In other words, although the flexible body valve 105 allows the fluid to flow smoothly from the mouth portion 106 to the flexible body 107, as shown in FIG. If body valve 105 is present, it prevents flow from rear opening 107a to mouth 106. Therefore, the flexible body valve 105 functions as a so-called check valve.
When such a flexible body valve 105 is adopted, the valve 5, which is an example of the distribution function section 36, can be opened and closed by the natural water pressure of the fluid, so that fine control like the butterfly valve 44 of the embodiment described above can be performed. There is an advantage that the opening and closing of the upstream valve 48 can be effectively controlled while being simple and inexpensive.
In the present invention, it is structurally advantageous to configure the distribution function section 36 with the valve 5. Such valves include valves whose operation is regulated by various electrical controls as described above, valves which are naturally operated by gravity, and valves which are naturally operated by water pressure (fluid pressure).
Note that the valve 5 as the distribution function section 36 controls the flow direction of the fluid in the plurality of reservoirs so that it flows in a direction preferable for generating rotational torque. Preferably, such a valve 5 is a valve operated by natural forces, such as gravity or water pressure. With this configuration, it is possible to achieve lower manufacturing costs and fewer failures than a valve whose operation is controlled by electrical control.
In addition, in the configurations shown in FIGS. 31 to 40, the "flow path" of water flowing down from the top under the providence of natural gravity is rationally controlled, and the altitude is kept as low as possible (preventing potential energy loss). This technology is based on the technical philosophy of absorbing gravitational acceleration and maintaining a stored state while branching or distributing it to different phase spaces, resulting in a strong and stable rotational torque. With such a configuration, it is possible to generate a larger rotational torque than the conventional configuration.
As a matter related to the fifth embodiment, the structure of the flexible body 107 does not have to be a "cylindrical body", but may be the center of the space related to another phase storage body advanced by a predetermined angle, for example, 120 degrees. An "automatic control valve function" similar to that of the fifth embodiment can also be achieved by extending piping, etc. toward the discharge port and using a relatively large and highly flexible check valve, such as a duckbill valve, at the final discharge port.

FIG. 41 is a diagram for explaining the good energy conversion efficiency of the turbine device 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 41(a) is a schematic diagram of the present turbine device 1, FIG. 41(b) is a schematic diagram for explaining the advantages of the present invention, and FIG. 41(c) is a schematic diagram of the conventional turbine device. It is a diagram.
The present turbine device 1 according to FIG. 41(a) has a configuration in which the center of gravity of the fluid is always located at an important position for rotational torque, regardless of the rotation angle, considering the fluid retention distribution on the time axis. . This shows that the weight of the stored fluid is always configured to be able to contribute to the rotational torque.
As shown in FIG. 41(b), this turbine device 1 is configured as if the torque is obtained from the inside from the retention torque gear 126 in this rotational torque. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 41(c), most conventional turbine devices rotate due to the pressure of fluid, and applying pressure itself results in energy loss. Conventionally, even in hydroelectric power generation and boiler power generation, the turbine is rotated by the pressure of the fluid, so it can be said that there is a lot of waste. This is because, as explained with reference to FIG. 6(a), as the flat plate 52 that rotates around the rotating shaft 2 is in a nearly horizontal state, as the angle becomes downward, the contact surface escapes diagonally, so the rotational torque is This is because it becomes smaller rapidly.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 41(b), in the configuration according to each embodiment of the present invention, as much fluid as possible exists temporally at the optimal angular position where fluid retention/movement and rotational torque are generated. The structure is configured such that the torque is always maintained within a 360° range, so that the torque is always maintained within a 360° range. It is structured like this. The rotational torque 136 generated by this embodiment can be much larger than the conventional rotational torque 136 shown in FIG. 41(c).

[Sixth embodiment]
FIG. 42 is a diagram for explaining the sixth embodiment. This embodiment is proposed as a configuration to solve this problem, since conventional power generation systems have a configuration in which the dynamo is rotated by increasing the rotation speed, and losses such as friction are large.
FIG. 43 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a turbine-integrated power generation system using the electromagnetic induction device 114 according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 43, by providing an electromagnetic induction device 114 and a rectifier 116 for rectifying alternating current waves, it is possible to configure a power generation device integrated with a turbine device without using mechanical elements.
As shown in FIG. 43, the electromagnetic induction device 114 according to this embodiment includes a plurality of magnets, for example, a plurality of permanent magnets 110 and an induction coil 113, as shown in FIG. Specifically, a permanent magnet 110 made of neodymium or the like is attached to a rotor 111 made up of an inner cylindrical shell 11 etc., and an induction coil 113 is attached to an outer shell part 112 made up of an outer cylindrical shell 18 etc. The advantage of the above configuration is that there are no mechanical elements such as gears, and mechanical loss and frictional resistance can be reduced to almost zero. An induced current or an induced electromotive force is induced in the induction coil 113.

The configuration shown in FIG. 42 includes the configuration shown in FIGS. 42(c) and 42(d) in which the permanent magnets 110 are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction), and the configuration shown in FIGS. 42(d) in which the permanent magnets 110 are arranged in a spiral arrangement. 42(e)(f), etc. are adopted. By employing the permanent magnets 110 in the parallel arrangement shown in Figs. 42(c) and (e) or in the spiral arrangement shown in Figs. 42(e) and (f), permanent magnets as shown in Figs. 42(d) and (f) can be created. A rotor 111 having 110 is constructed. Such a rotor 111 is constructed, for example, by attaching permanent magnets 110 to predetermined locations on the inner cylindrical shell 11. Note that the arrangement form of the inner cylindrical shell 11 and the permanent magnet 110 is not limited to the above-described parallel arrangement or spiral arrangement.

On the other hand, by providing induction coils 113 on the outer periphery or inner periphery of the outer shell 112 constituted by the outer cylindrical shell 18 so as to generate a preferable induced electromotive force as the permanent magnet 110 rotates, the outer shell 112 is configured. In this case, a coil center member 115 that penetrates the inside of the induction coil 113 can also be provided. As the coil center member 115, it is also possible to provide a coil center member 115 made of a ferromagnetic material such as iron, or a coil center member 115 made of a non-magnetic material. Note that this embodiment does not exclude a configuration in which the induction coil 113 is provided on the rotor 111 side and the permanent magnet 110 is provided on the outer shell portion 112 side, if necessary.

[Seventh embodiment]
FIG. 44 is a diagram showing a continuous turbine device 1 using the siphon principle.
FIG. 44(a) is a diagram for explaining the advantages of using potential energy and using the siphon principle, and FIG. 44(b) is a diagram showing a mode in which only potential energy is used.
The turbine devices 1 shown in FIG. 44(a) are sequentially arranged starting from the top turbine device 1, without being shifted downward by approximately the radius from the rotation axis, and laterally shifted by approximately the diameter of the turbine device 1. A configuration in which two turbine devices 1 are installed in series is shown.
With this configuration, it is possible to obtain a siphon principle gain 119 shown by a dashed-dotted line arrow 119, in addition to the effect 118 due to gravity shown by a white arrow 118. In the series arrangement shown in FIG. 44(b), the siphon principle gain 119 is not considered, and the drive is mainly due to the action 118 of gravity.

As can be seen by comparing FIG. 44(a) and FIG. 44(b), it can be said that the effect of using potential energy is higher by the amount of gain indicated by the dashed-dotted line arrow 119 due to the siphon effect according to this embodiment. However, in the present invention, if the potential energy of the fluid at a high level can be constantly utilized, the fluid supply pipe 34 and the fluid discharge pipe 35 are provided as necessary, and the fluid is supplied to the pump 66 as necessary in the system. It is also possible to cause the flow to flow back to the first turbine device 1.
The technical idea of refluxing fluid as much as necessary in this system using various pumps can be similarly adopted in each system as appropriate. The purpose is to improve the efficiency of the turbine device 1. For example, in FIG. 45, the fluid supply pipe 34 and the fluid discharge pipe 35 indicated by the dashed line are arranged to adjust the amount of fluid to be pumped to a predetermined value of 0% or more and 100%, if the upper fluid having potential energy can be supplied. This indicates that it can be set to .

FIG. 45 is a diagram showing the configuration of a continuous turbine system 62 using a pump 66 based on the above idea.
FIG. 45(a) is a diagram showing a cyclic chain configuration according to this embodiment, and FIG. 45(b) is a diagram showing a form in which only potential energy is used.
In general, when using the siphon principle, a fluid circulation line is formed by a pump 66 located at a preferred location in the connecting line 77.

FIG. 46 is a diagram showing an example of a chain amplification type turbine device 1.
This pumped storage turbine device is provided with three turbine devices 1, and a line connecting the rotation centers of their respective rotating shafts 2 is configured into an equilateral triangle 120. In this configuration, a pump 66 is provided between a connecting pipe 77 that connects the turbine device 1 located at the uppermost position and the turbine device 1 located at the second upper position. By setting the center position to the equilateral triangle 120, the stability and efficiency of the amplification configuration can be improved. Further, each turbine device 1 may have a diameter of about 1 m.
If there is a period of time when the fluid circulation is partially unstable, the battery unit 122 (see FIG. 7) can be used as a stabilizer for the pump 66 as appropriate. In this configuration, the energy for pumping up water with the pump 66 is indicated by PE in FIG. 46, and is small.

FIG. 47 is a diagram showing an example of a power generation system having the equilateral triangle 120.
The power generation system 130 includes a battery unit 122 for initially moving fluid and stabilizing the rotation of the pump 66, and an energy processing output device 121 for processing and outputting energy generated by torque. Further, the energy processing output device 121 has a generated power output line 123 and a pump power line 124. In this power generation system 130, the energy processing output device 121 supplies the energy generated by each turbine device 1 to the pump 66 and battery unit 122 via the pump power line 124, and supplies the remaining energy to the generated power output line 123. Output to outside.

Although the present invention has been described above by exemplifying the embodiments, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the configuration described in the above embodiments. The technical scope of the present invention should be determined based on the claims, and it goes without saying that various modifications, additions of configurations, and improvements can be made within that scope.

1: Turbine device 2: Rotating shaft 4: Fluid 5: Valve (an example of a distribution function part)
6, 6a, 6b, 6c: Phase storage body 10: Opening/closing door (an example of a valve)
11: Inner cylindrical shell (an example of a cylindrical shell)
12: Back circular plate 13: Cylindrical plate 14: Front wall 15: Back wall 16: Side wall 17: Front circular plate 22: Supply port 30: Front curve 31: Back curve 33: Lateral edge of side wall 36: Distribution function section 37: Distribution pump 38: Inter-reservoir communication port (an example of distribution function section)
39: Inter-reservoir communication path (an example of a distribution function part)
40: Opening 48: Upstream valve 49: Inflow opening 54a: First upper storage tank 57a: First lower storage tank 57b: Second lower storage tank 58: Rising passage (part of the siphon type communication passage) (constituting passages)
59: Connection passage (passage that forms part of the siphon type communication passage)
65: Return path 66: Pump 80: Fluid path communication path 90, 90a, 90b, 90c: Reservoir 101: Upstream storage section 102: Impeller (an example of a rotary fluid holding section)
105: Flexible body valve 106: Mouth portion 107: Flexible body 108: Shape maintaining body 108a: Long flat plate 110: Permanent magnet (an example of a magnet)
111: Rotor 112: Outer shell part 113: Induction coil 114: Electromagnetic induction device 132: Rotating fluid holding part θ: Torsion angle φ: Extension angle

Claims

A turbine device that rotates a plurality of reservoirs that store the fluid and that are fixed to a rotating shaft by gravity related to the fluid,
A turbine device comprising a distribution function section that distributes the fluid between a plurality of the storage bodies so as to effectively change the rotational torque about the rotation axis.
a supply port for supplying the fluid supplied from above to the reservoir;
an opening for introducing the fluid into the reservoir from the supply port;
The reservoir is configured to include at least a phase reservoir,
The phase reservoir is a reservoir for the fluid that is configured to include a front wall, a rear wall, and a side wall, and spreads in the direction in which the rotation axis extends,
In the front curve of the side wall that appears when viewed from the front side and the rear curve of the side wall that appears when viewed from the rear side, the phase of the rear curve is compared to the phase of the front curve. , rotated so as to advance in the rotation direction by a twist angle around the rotation axis, and extend a peripheral area of the rear curve by an extension angle;
The side wall of the phase storage body connects the front curve and the rear curve rotated by the twist angle and extended by the extension angle in the front-rear direction with a three-dimensionally twisted wall surface. The turbine device according to claim 1, comprising the following steps.
The turbine device according to claim 1, wherein the distribution function section includes a valve.
The distribution function includes a valve, and the valve is provided in the phase reservoir, and the valve is configured to open the valve to direct the fluid into the phase reservoir when the phase reservoir is in an upper position. The turbine device according to claim 2, which functions to close the valve to prevent leakage of the accumulated fluid when the turbine device takes in the fluid and rotates downward.
The turbine device according to claim 2, wherein the reservoir has an upstream reservoir that receives the fluid from the supply port and the phase reservoir into which the fluid from the upstream reservoir flows.
The turbine device according to claim 5, further comprising a rotary fluid holding section within the upstream storage section.
7. The turbine device according to claim 6, wherein the rotary fluid holding section is comprised of an impeller that rotates around the rotation axis.
The turbine apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the front wall of the phase reservoir has an upstream valve and an inflow opening for the fluid.
The upstream valve is a flexible body valve,
The flexible body valve is
a mouth provided on the front wall;
a flexible body extending from the mouth toward the rear wall and having flexibility that can be deformed by the fluid pressure of the phase reservoir;
a shape maintaining body having a front end fixed to the mouth and extending rearward;
The turbine apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the shape maintaining body is arranged inside the flexible body.
The turbine device according to claim 9, wherein the shape maintaining body is composed of an elongated flat plate, and the elongated flat plate is fixed to the mouth portion so as to extend in a radial direction from the rotating shaft.
The turbine device according to claim 2 includes a rotor to which a plurality of magnets are fixed, and an outer shell part that houses the rotor, and the outer shell part generates an induced current or an induced current by rotation of the magnets. An electromagnetic induction device that has an induction coil in which an electromotive force is induced.
The electromagnetic induction device according to claim 11, wherein the magnet has a shape extending in the front-back direction.
3. A valve as the distribution function is provided, the valve distributing the fluid between the phase reservoir at an advanced position in the rotation angle and the phase reservoir at a position delayed in the rotation angle. Turbine equipment.
The turbine device according to claim 2, wherein both the front curve and the rear curve are spiral curves in which the radial position of the curve extending from the rotation center gradually increases as it rotates in the circumferential direction.
15. The turbine apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the plurality of phase reservoirs comprises three phase reservoirs mounted at 120° intervals around the rotation axis.
The torsion angle and the extension angle of the rear curve were set so that the side edges of the side walls of the phase reservoir, through which the fluid overflows as the phase reservoir rotates, are horizontal. , The turbine device according to claim 2.
The torsion angle and the extension of the rear curve are such that the side edges of the side walls of the phase reservoir, through which the fluid overflows as the phase reservoir rotates, are parallel to the axis of rotation. 3. The turbine arrangement of claim 2, wherein the turbine arrangement is angled.
The turbine device according to claim 3, wherein the valve is configured with an opening/closing door driven by the action of gravity.
The phase reservoir is formed using a cylindrical shell that rotates about the rotation axis,
The cylindrical shell is composed of a front circular plate, a rear circular plate, and a cylindrical plate,
3. A turbine arrangement according to claim 2, wherein the cylindrical shell is provided with the opening at a front or rear end position of the phase reservoir.
A serial turbine system comprising a plurality of the turbine devices according to claim 2.
The connected turbine system according to claim 20, wherein three of the turbine devices according to claim 2 are arranged so that the rotational axes of the three turbine devices are arranged in an equilateral triangle.
21. The connected turbine system according to claim 20, wherein the plurality of turbine devices each have a fluid path communication path that allows the fluid to flow from at least an upstream side to a downstream side in the flow of the fluid.
The continuous turbine system according to claim 22, wherein at least a portion of the fluid passage communication passage is provided with a siphon type communication passage using a siphon phenomenon.
The connected turbine system according to claim 22, further comprising a return passage that returns the fluid of the turbine device on the downstream side to the turbine device on the upstream side, and a pump that circulates the fluid.
A serial turbine system having a configuration in which a plurality of the turbine devices are arranged horizontally,
a first upper storage tank provided above the first turbine device on the upstream side and containing the fluid falling from above;
a first lower reservoir provided at a position below the first turbine device and containing the fluid discharged from the first turbine device;
a siphon-type communication path that communicates from a lower position of the first lower storage tank to the supply port of the fluid of the second turbine device on the downstream side;
a second lower reservoir containing the fluid discharged from the second turbine device at a position below the second turbine device;
23. The coupled turbine system of claim 22, wherein the first turbine device and the second turbine device are rotated by flowing the fluid from the second lower reservoir using a siphon effect.
26. The continuous turbine system according to claim 25, wherein a second upper storage tank is provided above the second turbine device, and the siphon type communication passage communicates with the second upper storage tank.
26. The connected turbine system according to claim 25, further comprising a return passage for returning the fluid flowing out from the second lower storage tank to the first upper storage tank, and a pump for circulating the fluid flowing out.
The connected turbine system according to claim 22, wherein the plurality of turbine devices are connected in a vertical direction via the fluid path communication path.
The turbine device according to claim 1, wherein the distribution function section has an inter-storage body communication port that communicates between the plurality of storage bodies.
The turbine apparatus according to claim 29, further comprising a distribution pump that distributes the fluid between the plurality of reservoirs in a manner effective for changing the rotational torque.
The valve is a flexible body valve,
The flexible body valve is
an opening provided on the front wall of the reservoir;
a flexible body that extends rearward from the mouth and has flexibility that can be deformed by the water pressure of the reservoir;
a shape maintaining body having a front end fixed to the mouth and extending rearward;
The turbine device according to claim 3, wherein the shape maintaining body is arranged inside the flexible body.
The turbine device according to claim 3, wherein the valve is a check valve in which the direction in which the fluid flows is controlled in a predetermined direction by the fluid pressure of the reservoir.