WO2024034151A1 - 凝縮器、及びターボ冷凍機 - Google Patents
凝縮器、及びターボ冷凍機 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024034151A1 WO2024034151A1 PCT/JP2022/043036 JP2022043036W WO2024034151A1 WO 2024034151 A1 WO2024034151 A1 WO 2024034151A1 JP 2022043036 W JP2022043036 W JP 2022043036W WO 2024034151 A1 WO2024034151 A1 WO 2024034151A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- condenser
- baffle plate
- gas
- compressor
- check valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/04—Condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/24—Arrangements for promoting turbulent flow of heat-exchange media, e.g. by plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/04—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type
- F25B1/053—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type of turbine type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/046—Condensers with refrigerant heat exchange tubes positioned inside or around a vessel containing water or pcm to cool the refrigerant gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a condenser and a centrifugal refrigerator.
- This application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-128389 filed in Japan on August 10, 2022, the contents of which are incorporated herein.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a turbo refrigerator.
- a turbo refrigerator includes a refrigeration cycle consisting of an evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser.
- refrigerant flows through the refrigeration cycle from the evaporator to the compressor and from the compressor to the condenser.
- the centrifugal chiller stops due to a power outage, etc. the differential pressure between the evaporator and condenser causes the refrigerant to condense.
- refrigerant flowing backwards from the container to the compressor.
- a check valve is provided in the line connecting the compressor and the condenser.
- the present disclosure has been made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a condenser and a centrifugal refrigerator that can be downsized.
- a condenser includes an inlet that sucks gas refrigerant discharged from a compressor, and an introduction section that has a gas baffle plate through which the gas refrigerant that has been sucked can pass;
- a shell capable of accommodating the gas refrigerant that has passed through the gas baffle plate, and a check valve capable of opening and closing the suction port, the check valve overlapping the gas baffle plate in the open state and the shell in the closed state. It has a valve body that covers the suction port.
- a turbo chiller according to the present disclosure includes the above-mentioned condenser.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a centrifugal chiller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of a condenser according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, viewed from above.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the condenser according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, viewed from a second direction. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of a condenser according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, viewed from above.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a centrifugal chiller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of a condenser according to an embodiment
- turbo chiller including a condenser 20 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- the turbo refrigerator 1 includes a compressor 10, a condenser 20, an expansion valve 2, and an evaporator 3.
- Compressor 10 is a turbo compressor that compresses gas refrigerant.
- Compressor 10 includes a casing 11, a motor 12, a shaft 13, a bearing 14, and an impeller 15.
- a motor 12, a shaft 13, a bearing 14, and an impeller 15 are housed in the casing 11.
- the motor 12 includes a rotor 16 that rotates around a central axis, and a cylindrical stator 17 that is provided around the rotor 16 with a predetermined gap therebetween.
- the shaft 13 is connected to the rotor 16, and the rotational output of the rotor 16 is transmitted.
- the shaft 13 is rotatably supported by a bearing 14.
- the impeller 15 is provided on the shaft 13 , and the rotational output of the rotor 16 is transmitted via the shaft 13 .
- the impellers 15 are arranged in two stages in parallel in the axial direction of the shaft 13.
- the condenser 20 condenses the high temperature, high pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor 10.
- the condenser 20 is provided with a first heat transfer tube 27 through which cooling water flows to cool the refrigerant.
- the cooling water is led to the condenser 20 again after being exhausted to the outside in a cooling tower (not shown).
- expansion valve 2 expands the liquid refrigerant introduced from the condenser 20.
- the evaporator 3 evaporates the liquid refrigerant expanded by the expansion valve 2.
- the evaporator 3 is provided with a second heat transfer tube 3a for cooling cold water supplied to an external load.
- the gas refrigerant produced in the evaporator 3 is guided to the compressor 10 again.
- the condenser 20 includes an introduction part 30, a shell 40, a first partition plate 21, a second partition plate 22, a third partition plate 23, and a fourth partition plate 24. , an internal baffle plate 25 , a cooling water inlet pipe 26 , a first heat transfer tube 27 , a cooling water discharge pipe 28 , a discharge section 29 , and a check valve 50 .
- the introduction section 30 sucks high-pressure gas refrigerant supplied from the compressor 10.
- the introduction section 30 includes an introduction section main body 31, a suction section 32, and a gas baffle plate 33.
- the introduction part main body 31 is a box-shaped container that opens downward and is formed into a rectangular plate shape extending in one direction.
- first direction D1 the extending direction of the introduction part main body 31
- second direction D2 the horizontal direction and the direction perpendicular to the first direction D1
- the upper wall 31a of the introduction part main body 31 extends in the horizontal direction, and the side wall 31b of the introduction part main body 31 extends in the vertical plane. High-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows through the introduction section main body 31 . Further, communication holes 34 are formed in two of the side walls 31b of the introduction section main body 31 located on both sides in the first direction D1.
- the suction section 32 is provided at the center of the introduction section main body 31 in the first direction D1.
- the suction section 32 is connected to the introduction section main body 31 by, for example, welding.
- the suction part 32 includes a suction part main body 35 protruding from the side wall 31b of the introduction part main body 31 in the second direction D2, a suction port 36 penetrating the suction part main body 35 in the second direction D2, and an outer surface of the suction part main body 35.
- a flange 37 is provided.
- the suction part main body 35 is formed into a trapezoidal shape that tapers away from the introduction part main body 31 when viewed from the top and bottom.
- the suction port 36 communicates the suction part main body 35 and the introduction part 30, and sucks the gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10.
- the suction port 36 is formed along the outer surface of the suction part main body 35, and has a trapezoidal shape that tapers away from the introduction part main body 31 when viewed from the top and bottom.
- the suction port 36 is formed in a rectangular shape when viewed from the second direction D2.
- the end of the suction port 36 on the introduction part main body 31 side is formed into a rectangular shape extending in the first direction D1 when viewed from the second direction D2.
- the flange 37 is provided at the tapered end of the suction part main body 35 on the opposite side from the introduction part main body 31.
- the flange 37 is provided around the entire circumference of the suction port 36 and protrudes outward from the outer surface of the suction portion main body 35.
- the gas baffle plate 33 is a plate material that closes the lower opening of the introduction section main body 31.
- the gas baffle plate 33 extends horizontally.
- the gas baffle plate 33 allows the gas refrigerant sucked into the introduction section 30 to pass therethrough.
- the gas baffle plate 33 is provided with a through hole 38 that penetrates the gas baffle plate 33.
- a plurality of through holes 38 are provided in the intermediate portion of the gas baffle plate 33 in the first direction D1.
- the plurality of through holes 38 are all provided in the same circular shape.
- six through holes 38 are provided in a regular hexagonal shape so as to surround one through hole 38 .
- a lower portion of the introduction section 30 including the gas baffle plate 33 is covered from below by a shell 40.
- the shell 40 is a container that can accommodate the gas refrigerant that has passed through the gas baffle plate 33.
- the shell 40 has a cylindrical outer shape.
- the shell 40 includes a body 41 , a first end 42 , and a second end 43 .
- the body portion 41 is formed into a cylindrical shape extending in the first direction D1.
- the lower part of the introduction section 30 including the gas baffle plate 33 and the communication hole 34 is embedded in the body section 41 .
- the body portion 41 communicates with the introduction portion 30 through the communication hole 34 and the through hole 38 .
- the body portion 41 and the introduction portion 30 are joined by, for example, welding.
- the first end portion 42 is provided at an end portion of the body portion 41 on one side in the first direction D1, and covers one side of the body portion 41 in the first direction D1.
- the second end portion 43 is provided at the end of the body portion 41 on the other side in the first direction D1, and covers the other side of the body portion 41 in the first direction D1.
- the first partition plate 21 is provided at the boundary between the body 41 and the first end 42 of the shell 40.
- the second partition plate 22 is provided at the boundary between the body 41 and the second end 43 of the shell 40.
- the first partition plate 21 and the second partition plate 22 partition the inside of the shell 40 into three chambers, a first chamber 44, a second chamber 45, and a third chamber 46, in order from one side in the first direction D1.
- the third partition plate 23 is provided within the first chamber 44 of the shell 40.
- the third partition plate 23 partitions the first chamber 44 into two, an inlet chamber 44a and an outlet chamber 44b.
- the inlet chamber 44a is located above the outlet chamber 44b.
- the fourth partition plate 24 is provided within the second chamber 45 of the shell 40.
- the fourth partition plate 24 partitions the third chamber 46 into two, a first straight tube chamber 45a and a second straight tube chamber 45b.
- the fourth partition plate 24 is provided at the same position in the vertical direction as the third partition plate 23, and the first straight pipe chamber 45a is located above the second straight pipe chamber 45b.
- the first straight pipe chamber 45a communicates with the inside of the introduction section 30 via the communication hole 34. Further, an internal communication hole 24a is formed at the end of the fourth partition plate 24 on the other side in the first direction D1. The internal communication hole 24a allows the first straight pipe chamber 45a and the second straight pipe chamber 45b to communicate with each other. Therefore, the gas refrigerant introduced into the introduction section 30 flows in the order of the first straight pipe chamber 45a and the second straight pipe chamber 45b.
- a plurality of internal baffle plates 25 are provided in each of the first straight pipe chamber 45a and the second straight pipe chamber 45b.
- a plurality of internal baffle plates 25 are provided side by side in the first direction D1.
- internal baffle plates 25 are arranged vertically alternately.
- the gas refrigerant flows through the internal baffle plate 25 while meandering.
- the internal baffle plate 25 is provided with fine holes (not shown), and the refrigerant (gas refrigerant and liquid refrigerant produced by condensation) flows in the second chamber 45 through the holes (not shown). be able to.
- at least a portion of the internal baffle plate 25 in the first straight pipe chamber 45a is joined to the gas baffle plate 33, and is thermally connected to the gas baffle plate 33.
- Cooling water introduction pipe 26 is provided on the outer surface of first end 42 of shell 40 .
- the cooling water introduction pipe 26 communicates with an inlet chamber 44a inside the shell 40.
- the cooling water introduction pipe 26 guides cooling water from a cooling tower (not shown) into the inlet chamber 44a.
- the first heat exchanger tube 27 includes a first straight tube 27a, a second straight tube 27b, and a curved tube 27c.
- the first straight pipe 27a is provided in the first straight pipe chamber 45a.
- the first straight pipe 27a extends in the first direction D1 and connects the first partition plate 21 and the second partition plate 22.
- the first straight pipe 27a passes through the internal baffle plate 25 in the first straight pipe chamber 45a in the first direction D1.
- the second straight pipe 27b is provided in the second straight pipe chamber 45b.
- the second straight pipe 27b extends in the first direction D1 and connects the first partition plate 21 and the second partition plate 22.
- the second straight pipe 27b penetrates the internal baffle plate 25 in the second straight pipe chamber 45b in the first direction D1.
- the bent pipe 27c is provided in the third chamber 46.
- the bent pipe 27c is formed in a U-shape when viewed from the second direction D2.
- the upper end of the curved pipe 27c is connected to the first straight pipe 27a, and the lower end of the curved pipe 27c is connected to the second straight pipe 27b.
- the bent pipe 27c communicates with the first
- Cooling water guided to the inlet chamber 44a flows into the first heat transfer tube 27.
- the cooling water flows through the first heat exchanger tube 27 in the order of the first straight tube 27a, the curved tube 27c, and the second straight tube 27b, and is guided to the outlet chamber 44b.
- the cooling water exchanges heat with the gas refrigerant in the second chamber 45 while flowing through the first heat transfer tube 27 .
- the gas refrigerant is cooled and condensed into liquid refrigerant.
- This liquid refrigerant is temporarily stored in the second straight pipe chamber 45b.
- the cooling water is heated by receiving heat from the gas refrigerant.
- Cooling water discharge pipe 28 is provided on the outer surface of first end 42 of shell 40 .
- the cooling water discharge pipe 28 communicates with an outlet chamber 44b within the shell 40.
- the cooling water discharge pipe 28 guides the cooling water that has passed through the first heat transfer tube 27 to a cooling tower (not shown).
- the cooling water that has returned to the cooling tower from the cooling water discharge pipe 28 is cooled by the cooling tower and guided to the inlet chamber 44a again.
- the discharge part 29 is provided in the body part 41 of the shell 40.
- the discharge part 29 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the body part 41 and is formed in a tubular shape that communicates with the second straight pipe chamber 45b.
- the discharge part 29 guides the liquid refrigerant stored in the second straight pipe chamber 45b to the expansion valve 2.
- the expansion valve 2 When the liquid refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve 2, it is led to the evaporator 3 and vaporized into gas refrigerant again.
- the gas refrigerant generated in the evaporator 3 is compressed by the compressor 10 and guided to the condenser 20 again.
- the refrigerant circulates within the cycle of the compressor 10, condenser 20, expansion valve 2, and evaporator 3.
- the turbo chiller 1 suddenly stops due to, for example, a power outage, the refrigerant may flow back from the condenser 20 to the compressor 10 due to the differential pressure between the condenser 20 and the evaporator 3.
- a check valve 50 is provided inside the introduction section 30.
- coolant which flows in the order of the compressor 10, the condenser 20, the expansion valve 2, and the evaporator 3 will be referred to as a forward flow, and the flow in the opposite direction will be referred to as a reverse flow.
- the check valve 50 is provided inside the introduction section main body 31.
- the check valve 50 is provided to be able to open and close the suction port 36.
- the check valve 50 includes a hinge 51, a valve body 52, and a spring 53.
- the hinge 51 is provided on the edge of the gas baffle plate 33 that connects to the side wall 31b where the suction portion 32 is provided.
- the hinge 51 extends in the first direction D1.
- valve body The valve body 52 is rotatable by the hinge 51 around the central axis of the hinge 51 extending in the first direction D1.
- the check valve 50 opens and closes the suction port 36 by rotating the valve body 52 around the hinge 51.
- the valve body 52 is installed so as to overlap an area in which the through hole 38 of the gas baffle plate 33 is formed in the open state, and to cover the suction port 36 in the closed state.
- the valve body 52 when the check valve 50 is in the open state, the valve body 52 is located outside the suction port 36 when viewed from the forward flow direction of the gas refrigerant sucked into the suction port 36 from the compressor 10. Thereby, when the check valve 50 is in the open state, the suction port 36 is fully opened.
- valve body 52 is formed into a rectangular plate shape extending in the first direction D1.
- the spring 53 generates an elastic force in the direction of stacking the valve body 52 on the gas baffle plate 33.
- the spring 53 of this embodiment is a so-called hinge spring used on the outer peripheral surface of the hinge 51.
- the spring constant of the spring 53 is set to such a value that the elastic force is canceled out by the reverse flow of the gas refrigerant discharged from the suction port 36 to the compressor 10 .
- the condenser 20 will be in a higher pressure state than the evaporator 3, and the condenser 20 will communicate with the compressor 10 and the compressor 10 with the evaporator 3.
- the refrigerant tends to flow back from the condenser 20 to the compressor 10 due to the differential pressure between the condenser 20 and the evaporator 3 .
- the dynamic pressure of the refrigerant that is about to flow back from the condenser 20 toward the compressor 10 is applied to the valve body 52 through the through hole 38 .
- the check valve 50 allows the refrigerant to flow in the forward direction when the turbo chiller 1 is normally started, but prevents the backflow that may occur due to the pressure difference between the condenser 20 and the evaporator 3 when the centrifugal chiller 1 is stopped in an emergency. Prevent immediately.
- the condenser 20 includes an inlet 36 that sucks in the gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10, and an introduction section 30 that includes a gas baffle plate 33 through which the sucked gas refrigerant can pass. It includes a shell 40 that can accommodate the gas refrigerant that has passed through it, and a check valve 50 that can open and close the suction port 36.
- the check valve 50 has a valve body 52 that overlaps the gas baffle plate 33 in the open state and covers the inlet 36 in the closed state.
- the check valve 50 overlaps the valve body 52 and the gas baffle plate 33 to open the suction port 36 when the gas refrigerant is sucked into the suction port 36 from the compressor 10, and the gas refrigerant is sucked into the suction port 36.
- the valve body 52 can cover the suction port 36 and close the suction port 36.
- the check valve 50 is provided in the condenser 20. Therefore, the condenser 20 can prevent the gas refrigerant from flowing back through its own function. Therefore, since there is no need to provide a device for preventing backflow of refrigerant outside the condenser 20, the condenser 20 can be made smaller. That is, since the centrifugal chiller 1 can be downsized, the ground contact area of the centrifugal chiller 1 can be reduced.
- the check valve 50 can prevent the refrigerant from flowing backwards, so damage to the bearing 14 due to the backflow can be prevented.
- valve body 52 when the check valve 50 is in the open state, the valve body 52 is located outside the suction port 36 when viewed from the forward flow direction of the gas refrigerant sucked into the suction port 36 from the compressor 10.
- the check valve 50 can fully open the suction port 36 when the gas refrigerant flows forward. Therefore, the condenser 20 can smoothly recover the gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10. This allows the refrigerant to flow smoothly through the condenser 20, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser 20. Further, since the forward flow of the gas refrigerant is not obstructed by the valve body 52, an increase in pressure loss is suppressed, and it is possible to achieve a high COP (Coefficient of Performance) of the condenser 20. That is, it becomes possible to increase the COP of the centrifugal chiller 1.
- COP Coefficient of Performance
- a through hole 38 is formed in the gas baffle plate 33 in a region that overlaps with the valve body 52 when the check valve 50 is in the open state.
- valve body 52 is moved by dynamic pressure due to the reverse flow of the gas refrigerant discharged from the suction port 36 to the compressor 10.
- the suction port 36 is quickly covered by the valve body 52. Therefore, while the check valve 50 has a simple configuration, backflow of the gas refrigerant can be quickly prevented.
- the check valve 50 includes a spring 53 that generates an elastic force in the direction of stacking the valve body 52 on the gas baffle plate 33.
- the spring constant of the spring 53 is such that the elastic force is canceled by the reverse flow of the gas refrigerant discharged from the suction port 36 to the compressor 10 .
- the check valve 50 is maintained in the open state by the elastic force of the spring 53, so that the gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 is smoothly recovered into the condenser 20.
- the dynamic pressure of the backflow cancels out the elastic force of the spring 53 and the check valve 50 is closed, so that the backflow of the gas refrigerant is quickly prevented.
- the valve body 52 can be maintained in an open state in a reverse flow that does not cause damage to the bearing 14, while the minimum flow rate that can cause damage to the bearing 14 can be set. In the above reverse flow, the valve body 52 can be brought into a closed state.
- the gas baffle plate 33 is provided with a plurality of through holes 38, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the size, shape, and number of through holes 38 can be changed as appropriate.
- the check valve 50 includes the spring 53 that applies elastic force to the valve body 52, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the check valve 50 may not include the spring 53. Good too. Without the spring 53, the number of parts is reduced and the probability that the check valve 50 is damaged is reduced.
- the condenser 20 includes an inlet 36 that sucks in the gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10, and an introduction part 30 that has a gas baffle plate 33 through which the inhaled gas refrigerant can pass. , a shell 40 capable of accommodating the gas refrigerant that has passed through the gas baffle plate 33, and a check valve 50 capable of opening and closing the suction port 36, the check valve 50 being in an open state, the gas baffle It has a valve body 52 that overlaps the plate 33 and covers the suction port 36 in the closed state.
- the check valve 50 overlaps the valve body 52 and the gas baffle plate 33 to open the suction port 36 when the gas refrigerant is sucked into the suction port 36 from the compressor 10, and the gas refrigerant is sucked into the suction port 36.
- the valve body 52 can cover the suction port 36 and close the suction port 36.
- the check valve 50 is provided in the condenser 20. Therefore, the condenser 20 can prevent the gas refrigerant from flowing back through its own function.
- the condenser 20 of the second aspect is the condenser 20 of the first aspect, and when the check valve 50 is in an open state, the valve body 52 is connected from the compressor 10 to the suction port. It may be located outside the suction port 36 when viewed from the forward flow direction of the gas refrigerant sucked into the gas refrigerant 36 .
- the check valve 50 can fully open the suction port 36 when the gas refrigerant flows forward. Therefore, the condenser 20 can smoothly recover the gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10.
- the condenser 20 of the third aspect is the condenser 20 of the first or second aspect, and the gas baffle plate 33 includes the valve body when the check valve 50 is in an open state.
- a through hole 38 may be formed in a region overlapping with 52.
- valve body 52 is moved by dynamic pressure due to the reverse flow of the gas refrigerant discharged from the suction port 36 to the compressor 10.
- the suction port 36 is quickly covered by the valve body 52.
- the condenser 20 of the fourth aspect is the condenser 20 of any one of the first to third aspects, and the check valve 50 has the valve body 52 connected to the gas baffle plate 33.
- the spring 53 includes a spring 53 that generates elastic force in the stacking direction, and the spring constant of the spring 53 is such that the elastic force is canceled by the reverse flow of the gas refrigerant discharged from the suction port 36 to the compressor 10. It may be the size.
- the turbo refrigerator 1 of the fifth aspect includes the condenser 20 of any one of the first to fourth aspects.
- Suction part body 36 ... Inlet 37... Flange 38... Through hole 40... Shell 41... Body 42... First end 43... Second end 44... First chamber 44a... Inlet chamber 44b... Outlet chamber 45... Second chamber 45a...First straight pipe chamber 45b...Second straight pipe chamber 46...Third chamber 50...Check valve 51...Hinge 52...Valve body 53...Spring D1...First direction D2...Second direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本願は、2022年8月10日に日本に出願された特願2022-128389号について優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
以下、本開示の実施形態に係る、凝縮器20を備えたターボ冷凍機1について、図1から図4を参照して説明する。
図1に示すように、ターボ冷凍機1は、圧縮機10と、凝縮器20と、膨張弁2と、蒸発器3と、を備える。
圧縮機10は、ガス冷媒を圧縮するターボ圧縮機である。圧縮機10は、ケーシング11と、モータ12と、シャフト13と、軸受14と、羽根車15と、を有する。ケーシング11には、モータ12、シャフト13、軸受14、及び羽根車15が収容されている。モータ12は、中心軸線回りに回転するロータ16と、ロータ16の周囲に所定のギャップを空けて設けられた円筒状のステータ17と、を有する。シャフト13は、ロータ16に接続され、ロータ16の回転出力が伝達される。シャフト13は、軸受14によって回転可能に支持されている。羽根車15は、シャフト13に設けられ、シャフト13を介してロータ16の回転出力が伝達される。本実施形態では、羽根車15は、シャフト13の軸線方向に並んで2段設けられている。
凝縮器20は、圧縮機10によって圧縮された高温高圧のガス冷媒を凝縮する。凝縮器20には、冷媒を冷却するための冷却水が流れる第一伝熱管27が設けられている。冷却水は、図示しない冷却塔で外部へと排熱された後に、再び凝縮器20へと導かれる。
膨張弁2は、凝縮器20から導かれた液冷媒を膨張させる。
蒸発器3は、膨張弁2によって膨張された液冷媒を蒸発させる。蒸発器3には、外部負荷へ供給される冷水を冷却するための第二伝熱管3aが設けられている。蒸発器3で生じたガス冷媒は、再び圧縮機10へと導かれる。
続いて、凝縮器20の構造について説明する。
図2から図4に示すように、凝縮器20は、導入部30と、シェル40と、第一仕切板21と、第二仕切板22と、第三仕切板23と、第四仕切板24と、内部バッフル板25と、冷却水導入管26と、第一伝熱管27と、冷却水排出管28と、排出部29と、逆止弁50と、を備える。
導入部30は、圧縮機10から供給された高圧のガス冷媒を吸入する。導入部30は、導入部本体31と、吸入部32と、ガスバッフル板33と、を備える。
導入部本体31は、一方向に延びる矩形板状形成された、下方に向けて開口する箱型の容器である。
以下では、導入部本体31の延在方向を「第一方向D1」と称し、水平方向かつ第一方向D1に直交する方向を「第二方向D2」と称する。
また、導入部本体31の側壁31bうち第一方向D1両側に位置する2つの側壁31bには、連通孔34が形成されている。
吸入部32は、導入部本体31の第一方向D1の中央部に設けられている。吸入部32は、導入部本体31と、例えば溶接によって接続されている。吸入部32は、導入部本体31の側壁31bから第二方向D2に突出する吸入部本体35と、吸入部本体35を第二方向D2に貫通する吸入口36と、吸入部本体35の外面に設けられたフランジ37と、を有する。
吸入部本体35は、上下方向から見て、導入部本体31から離間するにしたがって先細る台形状に形成されている。
吸入口36は、吸入部本体35と導入部30とを連通させ、圧縮機10から吐出されたガス冷媒を吸入する。吸入口36は、吸入部本体35の外面に沿って形成されており、上下方向から見て、導入部本体31から離間するにしたがって先細る台形状に形成されている。一方、吸入口36は、第二方向D2から見て、矩形状に形成されている。吸入口36の導入部本体31側の端部は、第二方向D2から見て、第一方向D1に延びる矩形状に形成されている。
フランジ37は、導入部本体31とは反対側であって吸入部本体35の先細り側の端部に設けられている。フランジ37は、吸入口36の全周にわたって設けられ、吸入部本体35の外面から外側に突出している。
ガスバッフル板33は、導入部本体31の下方の開口を閉塞する板材である。ガスバッフル板33は、水平方向に延在している。ガスバッフル板33は、導入部30が吸入したガス冷媒が通過可能とされている。ガスバッフル板33には、ガスバッフル板33を貫通する貫通孔38が設けられている。本実施形態では、貫通孔38は、ガスバッフル板33の第一方向D1の中間部に複数設けられている。本実施形態では、複数の貫通孔38は、全て同じ円形状に設けられている。また、貫通孔38は、1つの貫通孔38を囲むように正六角形状に6つの貫通孔38が設けられている。
導入部30のガスバッフル板33を含む下部は、シェル40によって下方から覆われている。
シェル40は、ガスバッフル板33を通過したガス冷媒を収容可能とする容器である。シェル40の外形は、円柱状に形成されている。シェル40は、胴部41と、第一端部42と、第二端部43と、を備える。
第一仕切板21は、シェル40の胴部41と第一端部42との境界に設けられている。第二仕切板22は、シェル40の胴部41と第二端部43との境界に設けられている。第一仕切板21及び第二仕切板22は、シェル40の内部を、第一方向D1一方側から順に、第一室44、第二室45、第三室46の3つに仕切っている。
第三仕切板23は、シェル40の第一室44内に設けられている。第三仕切板23は、第一室44を入口室44aと出口室44bとの2つに仕切っている。本実施形態では、入口室44aは、出口室44bの上方に位置している。
第四仕切板24は、シェル40の第二室45内に設けられている。第四仕切板24は、第三室46を第一直管室45aと第二直管室45bとの2つに仕切っている。本実施形態では、第四仕切板24は、第三仕切板23と上下方向で同じ位置に設けられ、第一直管室45aは、第二直管室45bの上方に位置している。
また、第四仕切板24の第一方向D1他方側の端部には、内部連通孔24aが形成されている。内部連通孔24aは、第一直管室45aと第二直管室45bとを連通させている。このため、導入部30に導入されたガス冷媒は、第一直管室45a、第二直管室45bの順に導かれるように流れる。
内部バッフル板25は、第一直管室45aと第二直管室45bとにそれぞれ複数設けられている。内部バッフル板25は、第一方向D1に並んで複数枚設けられている。第一直管室45aと第二直管室45bとのそれぞれに、内部バッフル板25が、上下に互い違いになるように配置されている。ガス冷媒は、内部バッフル板25によって蛇行しながら流れる。内部バッフル板25には、細かい不図示の孔が設けられており、冷媒(ガス冷媒、及び凝縮によって生じた液冷媒)は、この不図示の孔内を通って第二室45内を流動することができる。
また、第一直管室45a内の内部バッフル板25のうち少なくとも一部は、ガスバッフル板33に接合され、ガスバッフル板33と熱的に接続されている。
冷却水導入管26は、シェル40の第一端部42の外面に設けられている。冷却水導入管26は、シェル40内の入口室44aと連通している。冷却水導入管26は、不図示の冷却塔から入口室44a内に冷却水を導く。
第一伝熱管27は、シェル40内の第二室45及び第三室46に複数本設けられている。第一伝熱管27は、第一直管27aと、第二直管27bと、曲管27cと、を有する。
冷却水排出管28は、シェル40の第一端部42の外面に設けられている。冷却水排出管28は、シェル40内の出口室44bと連通している。冷却水排出管28は、第一伝熱管27内を通過した冷却水を、不図示の冷却塔に導く。冷却水排出管28から冷却塔に戻った冷却水は、冷却塔で冷却されて再び入口室44aに導かれる。
排出部29は、シェル40の胴部41に設けられている。排出部29は、胴部41の外周面に設けられ、第二直管室45bと連通する管状に形成されている。排出部29は、第二直管室45b内に貯留された液冷媒を膨張弁2に導く。液冷媒は、膨張弁2で膨張されると、蒸発器3に導かれ再びガス冷媒に気化する。蒸発器3で生じたガス冷媒は、圧縮機10によって圧縮されて再び凝縮器20に導かれる。
なお、以下では、圧縮機10、凝縮器20、膨張弁2、蒸発器3の順に流れる冷媒の流れを順流とし、その反対向きの流れを逆流と称して説明する。
逆止弁50は、導入部本体31の内部に設けられている。逆止弁50は、吸入口36を開閉可能に設けられている。逆止弁50は、ヒンジ51と、弁体52と、ばね53と、を有する。
ヒンジ51は、吸入部32が設けられた側壁31bと接続するガスバッフル板33の縁部上に設けられている。ヒンジ51は、第一方向D1に延びている。
弁体52は、ヒンジ51によって、第一方向D1に延びるヒンジ51の中心軸線回りに回転可能とされている。逆止弁50は、このヒンジ51回りの弁体52の回転によって吸入口36を開閉する。弁体52は、開状態では、ガスバッフル板33の貫通孔38が形成された領域と重なり、閉状態では吸入口36を覆うように設置されている。
ばね53は、弁体52をガスバッフル板33に重ねる方向に弾性力を発生させる。本実施形態のばね53は、ヒンジ51の外周面に用いられた、いわゆるヒンジばねである。ばね53のばね定数は、吸入口36から圧縮機10に吐出されるガス冷媒の逆流の流れによって弾性力が打ち消される程度の大きさとされている。
続いて、逆止弁50の機能について説明する。
ターボ冷凍機1が通常通り起動していると、ターボ冷凍機1のサイクル内を、圧縮機10、凝縮器20、膨張弁2、蒸発器3の順に流れる。この時、逆止弁50の弁体52は、重力及びばね53の弾性力によって、ガスバッフル板33に重ねられた状態で維持されている。このため、吸入口36は完全に開放され、反対に貫通孔38は弁体52によって完全に閉塞される。これにより、圧縮機10から吐出されたガス冷媒は、吸入口36から導入部30の内部にスムーズに吸入された後、貫通孔38からシェル40内に流入することなくガスバッフル板33を流れて、連通孔34を通ってシェル40内に導かれる。
このように、逆止弁50は、ターボ冷凍機1の通常起動時には冷媒を順流方向に流しつつ、ターボ冷凍機1の緊急停止時には凝縮器20と蒸発器3との差圧によって生じうる逆流を即座に防止する。
本実施形態の凝縮器20、及びターボ冷凍機1は、以下の作用効果を発揮できる。
以上、本開示の実施の形態について図面を参照して詳述したが、具体的な構成はこの実施の形態に限られるものではなく、本開示の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計変更等も含まれる。
実施形態に記載の凝縮器20、及びターボ冷凍機1は、例えば以下のように把握される。
Claims (5)
- 圧縮機から吐出されたガス冷媒を吸入する吸入口、及び吸入した前記ガス冷媒が通過可能なガスバッフル板を有する導入部と、
前記ガスバッフル板を通過した前記ガス冷媒を収容可能なシェルと、
前記吸入口を開閉可能な逆止弁と、を備え、
前記逆止弁は、開状態では前記ガスバッフル板と重なり、閉状態では前記吸入口を覆う弁体を有する、
凝縮器。 - 前記逆止弁が開状態の場合、前記弁体は、前記圧縮機から前記吸入口に吸入される前記ガス冷媒の順流の流れ方向から見て前記吸入口の外側に位置する、
請求項1に記載の凝縮器。 - 前記ガスバッフル板には、前記逆止弁が開状態の場合に前記弁体と重なる領域に貫通孔が形成されている、請求項1又は2に記載の凝縮器。
- 前記逆止弁は、前記弁体を前記ガスバッフル板に重ねる方向に弾性力を発生させるばねを有し、
前記ばねのばね定数は、前記吸入口から前記圧縮機に吐出される前記ガス冷媒の逆流の流れによって弾性力が打ち消される程度の大きさである、請求項1又は2に記載の凝縮器。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の凝縮器を備える、ターボ冷凍機。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202280098438.0A CN119585576A (zh) | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-21 | 冷凝器及涡轮制冷机 |
| US18/996,829 US20260029178A1 (en) | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-21 | Condenser and turbo refrigerator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2022128389A JP7527329B2 (ja) | 2022-08-10 | 2022-08-10 | 凝縮器、及びターボ冷凍機 |
| JP2022-128389 | 2022-08-10 |
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| WO2024034151A1 true WO2024034151A1 (ja) | 2024-02-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/JP2022/043036 Ceased WO2024034151A1 (ja) | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-21 | 凝縮器、及びターボ冷凍機 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US20260029178A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP7527329B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN119585576A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2024034151A1 (ja) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5417257U (ja) * | 1977-07-06 | 1979-02-03 | ||
| JPS63259363A (ja) * | 1987-04-17 | 1988-10-26 | 株式会社 田熊総合研究所 | ヒ−トポンプ用凝縮器 |
| WO2016039114A1 (ja) * | 2014-09-08 | 2016-03-17 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | ターボ冷凍機 |
| CN215638955U (zh) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-01-25 | 特灵空调系统(中国)有限公司 | 管壳换热器 |
-
2022
- 2022-08-10 JP JP2022128389A patent/JP7527329B2/ja active Active
- 2022-11-21 CN CN202280098438.0A patent/CN119585576A/zh active Pending
- 2022-11-21 WO PCT/JP2022/043036 patent/WO2024034151A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2022-11-21 US US18/996,829 patent/US20260029178A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5417257U (ja) * | 1977-07-06 | 1979-02-03 | ||
| JPS63259363A (ja) * | 1987-04-17 | 1988-10-26 | 株式会社 田熊総合研究所 | ヒ−トポンプ用凝縮器 |
| WO2016039114A1 (ja) * | 2014-09-08 | 2016-03-17 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | ターボ冷凍機 |
| CN215638955U (zh) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-01-25 | 特灵空调系统(中国)有限公司 | 管壳换热器 |
Also Published As
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| US20260029178A1 (en) | 2026-01-29 |
| JP2024025167A (ja) | 2024-02-26 |
| JP7527329B2 (ja) | 2024-08-02 |
| CN119585576A (zh) | 2025-03-07 |
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