WO2024033079A1 - Method for manufacturing a floating structure equipped with tanks for storing a liquefied gas - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing a floating structure equipped with tanks for storing a liquefied gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024033079A1 WO2024033079A1 PCT/EP2023/070595 EP2023070595W WO2024033079A1 WO 2024033079 A1 WO2024033079 A1 WO 2024033079A1 EP 2023070595 W EP2023070595 W EP 2023070595W WO 2024033079 A1 WO2024033079 A1 WO 2024033079A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- section
- thermally insulating
- manufacturing
- compartment
- cofferdam
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
- B63B3/02—Hulls assembled from prefabricated sub-units
- B63B3/04—Hulls assembled from prefabricated sub-units with permanently-connected sub-units
- B63B3/06—Hulls assembled from prefabricated sub-units with permanently-connected sub-units the sub-units being substantially identical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
- B63B73/10—Building or assembling vessels from prefabricated hull blocks, i.e. complete hull cross-sections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
- B63B73/20—Building or assembling prefabricated vessel modules or parts other than hull blocks, e.g. engine rooms, rudders, propellers, superstructures, berths, holds or tanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
- B63B73/40—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms characterised by joining methods
- B63B73/43—Welding, e.g. laser welding
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of floating structures, in particular ships and barges, intended for the storage and/or transport of liquefied gas.
- the invention relates to the field of floating structures comprising waterproof and thermally insulating membrane tanks for the storage and/or transport of a liquefied gas, such as Liquefied Natural Gas, Liquefied Petroleum Gas, ammonia or hydrogen for example.
- the invention relates more particularly to a method of manufacturing such a floating structure.
- ships with a double hull are known, that is to say an internal hull and an external hull.
- the internal shell defines a plurality of compartments each forming a supporting structure inside which a waterproof and thermally insulating tank for storing a liquefied gas is mounted.
- the compartments are arranged one after the other along the longitudinal direction of the ship, each compartment being separated from the adjacent internal space(s) by a transverse cofferdam space.
- An idea underlying the invention consists of proposing a method of manufacturing a floating structure equipped with waterproof and thermally insulating tanks making it possible, in particular, to reduce the duration of mobilization of a dry dock and/or a quay.
- Another idea underlying the invention is to propose a method of manufacturing a floating structure which is faster and simpler.
- the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a floating structure comprising the following successive steps: - manufacture a first section and a second section of the floating structure, the first section and the second section each comprising: - a portion of external shell; - an internal hull portion comprising a plurality of load-bearing walls defining a compartment, the plurality of load-bearing walls comprising a first cofferdam wall and a second cofferdam wall which extend transversely to a longitudinal direction of the floating structure, a wall upper wall, a lower wall and side walls, the upper wall, the lower wall and the side walls extending longitudinally between the first cofferdam wall and the second cofferdam wall; And - at least one thermally insulating barrier of a waterproof and thermally insulating tank which is anchored in said compartment against each of the load-bearing walls defining the compartment; And - assemble the first section and the second section, the outer shell portion of the first section and the outer shell portion of the second section being welded
- At least the thermally insulating barriers of the tanks of the first section and the second section can be mounted inside the internal shell in any area of the site having sufficient space, which makes it possible to limit the time of use of dry dock.
- each section comprising all the load-bearing walls defining a compartment, this makes it possible to limit deformations of the thermally insulating barrier when the sections are moved and assembled together.
- such a manufacturing process may also include one or more of the following characteristics.
- the method provides for manufacturing a number n of sections with n greater than 2, at least part of the n sections being manufactured like the first and second sections mentioned above, then assembling each of the n sections with the or adjacent sections by an assembly step similar to that used to assemble the first and second sections.
- the manufacture of the first section comprises a step of fixing structural reinforcements against the first cofferdam wall of said first section, said structural reinforcements projecting in a direction opposite to the compartment of said first section and the manufacture of the second section comprises a step of fixing structural reinforcements against the second cofferdam wall of said second section, said structural reinforcements projecting in a direction opposite to the compartment of said second section; and during the assembly of the first section with the second section, we weld, in welding zones, the structural reinforcements projecting from the first cofferdam wall of the first section to the structural reinforcements projecting from the second cofferdam wall of the second section where welding zones are welded, the structural reinforcements projecting from the first cofferdam wall of the first section and the structural reinforcements projecting from the second cofferdam wall of the second section to intermediate reinforcements linking the structural reinforcements of the first and the second cofferdam wall.
- the welding zones are positioned at a distance greater than 100 mm from the first cofferdam wall of the first section and the second cofferdam wall of the second section. This prevents welding operations from damaging the parts of the thermally insulating barrier mounted against the first cofferdam wall of the first section and/or those mounted against the second cofferdam wall of the second section.
- the manufacture of the first section and the manufacture of the second section, prior to the assembly of the first section to the second section each comprise a step of fixing a sealing membrane, in the compartment of said first or second section, against the thermally insulating barrier. This makes it possible to further limit the time spent using the dry dock.
- the thermally insulating barrier is a secondary thermally insulating barrier and the sealing membrane is a secondary sealing membrane.
- the manufacture of the first section and the manufacture of the second section, prior to the assembly of the first section to the second section each comprise a step of fixing a primary thermally insulating barrier in the compartment of said first or second section against the secondary waterproofing membrane.
- the manufacture of the first section and the manufacture of the second section, prior to the assembly of the first section to the second section each comprise a step of fixing a primary sealing membrane in the compartment of said first or second section against the primary thermally insulating barrier.
- the first section and the second section each comprise a sealed and thermally insulating tank which is anchored in the compartment of said first or second section, said sealed and thermally insulating tank insulating structure comprising a tank wall against each of the load-bearing walls defining said compartment, each tank wall having a multilayer structure comprising at least the thermally insulating barrier and a sealing membrane, and preferably a secondary thermally insulating barrier, a membrane secondary waterproofing, a primary thermally insulating barrier and a primary waterproofing membrane.
- the tightness of the sealing membrane of the first section and the second section is tested, and preferably of the primary sealing membrane and the membrane of secondary waterproofing if each section has two waterproofing membranes.
- the tightness of the waterproofing membrane is tested before it is first cooled.
- the waterproofing membrane is cooled.
- cooling is for example obtained by cooling the tank with liquid nitrogen.
- the tightness of the sealing membrane of the first section is tested and of the second section after its first cooling.
- the first section and the second section are manufactured in a first zone and the first section and the second section are moved by means of a lifting machine from the first zone to a dry dock, the first section and the second section being assembled together in the dry dock.
- the lifting machine may consist of several cranes.
- the manufacturing of the first section and the manufacturing of the second section, prior to the assembly of the first section to the second section comprise a step of assembling and anchoring a waterproof and thermally insulating tank in the compartment of said first or second section, said sealed and thermally insulating tank having an internal space intended to receive a liquefied gas and comprising a tank wall against each of the load-bearing walls defining said compartment, each tank wall having a multilayer structure comprising at least the thermally insulating barrier and a waterproofing membrane.
- a pressure differential is generated between a first pressure prevailing in the space internal of the waterproof and thermally insulating tank of the first section and a second pressure prevailing in the thermally insulating barrier of the waterproof and thermally insulating tank of the first section, the first pressure being greater than the second pressure.
- such a pressure differential is also generated between the internal space and the thermally insulating barrier of the waterproof and thermally insulating tank of the second section during the movement of said second section from the first zone towards the dry dock and/or or assembling the first section and the second section to each other.
- the pressure differential between the first pressure and the second pressure is greater than 2 kPa, preferably greater than or equal to 5 kPa.
- the pressure differential between the first pressure and the second pressure is between 5 kPa and 25 kPa.
- the pressure differential is generated by placing the thermally insulating barrier at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure.
- each tank wall comprises a secondary thermally insulating barrier, a secondary sealing membrane, a primary thermally insulating barrier and a primary sealing membrane; and during the movement of the first section from the first zone towards the dry dock and/or the assembly of the first section and the second section to each other, a pressure differential is generated between the pressure prevailing in the barrier thermally secondary insulating barrier and the primary thermally insulating barrier of the sealed and thermally insulating tank of the first section, the pressure of the secondary thermally insulating barrier being lower than the pressure of the primary thermally insulating barrier.
- the pressure differential is generated by placing the internal space of the sealed and thermally insulating tank at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure.
- the manufacturing of the first section and the manufacturing of the second section each include: - weld the bottom wall and the side walls to the first and second cofferdam walls; - introduce scaffolding into the compartment through an opening intended to be closed by the upper wall; - assemble the scaffolding in the compartment; - weld the upper wall to the side walls and to the first and second cofferdam walls so as to close the compartment; And - anchor the thermally insulating barrier against each of the load-bearing walls defining said compartment.
- the manufacturing of the first section and the manufacturing of the second section each further comprise a step consisting of anchoring the waterproofing membrane on the thermally insulating barrier.
- the floating structure is a ship.
- the floating structure is a reliquefaction and gasification barge or an LNG tanker type vessel.
- FIG. 1 There is a schematic partial view of an internal space of a pre-assembled section intended to receive a waterproof and thermally insulating tank.
- FIG. 1 There is a schematic view illustrating the multilayer structure of a tank wall.
- FIG. 1 There is a partial schematic view of a section equipped with scaffolding intended to be used to mount the tank walls inside the compartment of said section.
- a ship 1 having a double hull and comprising several waterproof and thermally insulating tanks 2 mounted in the double hull and intended to store liquefied gas.
- the double hull comprises an outer hull 3 and an inner hull 4.
- the outer hull 3 and the inner hull 4 are separated by ballast spaces 5 intended to be more or less filled with sea water depending on the loading of the ship 1 , so as to ensure the stability of the ship 1.
- the liquefied gas intended to be stored in the tanks 2 may in particular be a liquefied natural gas (LNG), that is to say a gas mixture comprising mainly methane as well as one or more other hydrocarbons, ethane, a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), that is to say a mixture of hydrocarbons resulting from petroleum refining essentially comprising propane and butane, liquid hydrogen or liquid ammonia.
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- LPG liquefied petroleum gas
- the internal hull 4 has a plurality of compartments 6 of polyhedral shape which are defined by a plurality of load-bearing walls and which are each intended to form a load-bearing structure receiving one of the tanks 2 of the ship 1.
- the internal hull 4 comprises walls cofferdam 7, 8 which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the ship 1 and which delimit cofferdam spaces 9 segmenting the internal hull 4 into several compartments 6.
- Each cofferdam space 9 is defined by two cofferdam walls 7, 8 respectively forming a supporting wall of one and the other of the two adjacent compartments 6, arranged on either side of said cofferdam space 9.
- the cofferdam space has a width of the order of 1.5 to 3 meters.
- a plurality of sections 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 are manufactured.
- these sections those, referenced 11, 12, 13, 14, each integrate all the load-bearing walls defining a compartment 6.
- these sections 11, 12, 13, 14 comprise a portion of the internal shell 4 comprising two cofferdam walls 7, 8 which respectively define the front wall and the rear wall of the compartment 6 and which are each intended to delimit, with a wall of cofferdam 7, 8 of an adjacent section 11, 12, 13, 14, a cofferdam space 9.
- the portion of the internal shell 4 of each of the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 also comprises an upper wall 16, a lower wall 17 and side walls which extend in the longitudinal direction of the ship 1 and which connect the two cofferdam walls 7, 8 of said section 11,12, 13, 14.
- junction planes between the successive sections 11, 12, 13, 14 extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the ship 1 and pass into the cofferdam spaces 9, that is to say between the two cofferdam walls 7, 8 delimiting said cofferdam space 9.
- the cofferdam walls 7, 8 have an octagonal shape.
- the side walls comprise two vertical walls 19, 22, two upper chamfer walls 18, 21 and two lower chamfer walls 20, 23.
- the two vertical walls 19, 22 are each connected to the upper wall 16 by one upper chamfer walls 18, 21 and are each connected to the lower wall 17 by one of the lower chamfer walls 20, 23.
- the sections 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 include structural reinforcements 31.
- the structural reinforcements 31 are fixed on the cofferdam walls 7, 8, on their face opposite the compartment 6.
- the structural reinforcements 31 are thus intended to be positioned in the cofferdam space 9 formed between two adjacent cofferdam walls 7, 8.
- the structural reinforcements 31 thus project from the cofferdam walls 7, 8 and extend in a direction opposite to the compartment 6 receiving the tank 2.
- the structural reinforcements 31 are oriented either vertically or horizontally and thus form a network structural reinforcements 31 arranged perpendicular to each other.
- the structural reinforcements 31 are, for example, formed by sheets which are welded to the cofferdam walls 7, 8.
- the cofferdam walls 7, 8 we first weld the cofferdam walls 7, 8 with their structural reinforcements 31, the lower wall 17 as well as the side walls 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, to each other.
- the upper wall 16 is not yet welded to the other supporting walls so that the internal shell 4 has an opening above the compartment 6. Also, as shown in the , a scaffolding 32 is introduced inside the compartment 6 through said opening then assembled inside the compartment 6. This makes it possible to facilitate the operations of setting up the scaffolding.
- the upper wall 16 is welded to the other supporting walls, which allows compartment 6 to be closed.
- a tank 2 is mounted and anchored inside the compartment 6 with the help of said scaffolding 39.
- the tank 2 is advantageously a membrane tank.
- the walls of such tanks 2 comprise a multilayer structure, as shown in the . Each wall successively presents, from the outside towards the inside, in the direction of thickness of the wall, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 comprising insulating elements 26 fixed to the supporting wall 25, a secondary sealing membrane 27 anchored to the insulating elements 26 of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24, a primary thermally insulating barrier 28 comprising insulating elements 29 fixed to the insulating elements 26 of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 or to the supporting wall 25 and resting against the secondary sealing membrane 27 and a primary sealing membrane 30 anchored to the insulating elements of the primary thermally insulating barrier 28 and intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas contained in the tank 2.
- the tank walls can be manufactured using any technique known in the field membrane tanks.
- the tank walls are, for example, of the Mark III ® type, as described in FR2691520, of the NO96 ® type as described in FR2877638 or of the Mark V® type as described in WO14057221.
- the multilayer structure has only a single thermally insulating barrier fixed to the supporting wall and a single sealing membrane intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas contained in the tank 2 and resting against the thermally insulating barrier.
- the multilayer structure can also have more than two waterproofing membranes.
- each section 11, 12, 13, 14 includes all the load-bearing walls defining the compartment 6, all the walls of the tank 2 are mounted in the compartment 6 of said section 11, 12, 13, 14 before this is not assembled in dry dock with the other sections 11, 12, 13, 14.
- the tanks 2 of the ship 1 can be mounted inside the internal hull 4 in any area of the site with sufficient space. Subsequently, the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 are positioned in dry dock by means of a lifting machine 32 shown on the , such as a crane, to be assembled together. This limits the time the dry dock is used.
- tightness test operations of the sealing membranes 27, 30 of the tanks 2 are also carried out before the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 are assembled to each other. This makes it possible to further limit the time spent using the dry dock.
- the tightness of the waterproofing membranes 27 , 30 is tested at least a first time before the first cooling of the tank 2 and a second time after the first cooling of the tank 2.
- at least the first tightness tests that is to say those carried out before the first cooling of the tank 2 are carried out before the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 are moved to dry dock to be assembled there with each other.
- a first cooling of the tanks 2 as well as the aforementioned second leaktightness tests are also carried out on the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 before they are assembled together.
- the tanks 2 can in particular be cooled with liquid nitrogen in order to cool them before the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 are moved to dry dock to be there. assembled.
- the aforementioned pressure differential is obtained by injecting air or an inert gas into the internal space of the tank 2 and maintaining said internal space at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure.
- the relative pressure prevailing in the internal space of the sealed and thermally insulating tank 2 is, greater than a pressure of 2 kPa, advantageously between 5 kPa and 25 kPa, preferably between 5 kPa and 20 kPa, for example of the order of 5, 15 or 20 kPa.
- the pressure differential is obtained by placing the primary thermally insulating barrier 28 and the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 in depression.
- a vacuum pump is connected to each of the secondary and primary thermally insulating barriers 24, 28.
- the relative pressures prevailing in the primary thermally insulating barrier 28 and the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 are less than -2 kPa, advantageously between - 5 kPa and -25 kPa and preferably between - 5 kPa and -20 kPa.
- the pressure P3 in the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 is lower than the pressure P2 in the primary thermally insulating barrier 28, which makes it possible to press the secondary sealing membrane 27 towards the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24.
- the outer shell portions 3 are welded tightly to each other.
- the structural reinforcements 31 projecting from each of the cofferdam walls 7, 8 are welded to the structural reinforcements 31 of the cofferdam wall 7, 8 facing the adjacent section 11, 12, 13, 14.
- the structural reinforcements 31 of the adjacent sections 11, 12, 13, 14 are welded to each other in welding zones which are positioned at a distance from each of the two adjacent cofferdam walls 7, 8 which is greater than 100mm.
- Such a distance aims to prevent the temperatures likely to be reached during welding operations from degrading the walls of the tank 2 mounted against the two adjacent cofferdam walls 7, 8, in particular when the multilayer structure of the walls includes tubes of putty between the supporting wall and the insulating blocks of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24.
- the structural reinforcements 31 projecting from each of the cofferdam walls 7, 8 are fixed indirectly to the structural reinforcements 31 of the cofferdam wall 7, 8 facing the section 11, 12, 13 via intermediate reinforcements.
- Said intermediate reinforcements therefore each have a portion which is welded to a structural reinforcement 31 of one of the cofferdam walls 7, 8 and another portion which is welded to a structural reinforcement 31 of the other cofferdam wall 7, 8.
- the weld zones of the intermediate reinforcements on the structural reinforcements 31 are positioned at a distance from each of the two adjacent cofferdam walls 7, 8 which is greater than 100 mm.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a floating structure (1), comprising the following successive steps: - manufacturing a first section (11) and a second section (12) of the floating structure (1), the first section (11) and the second section (12) each comprising: - an outer hull portion (3); - an inner hull portion (4) comprising a plurality of supporting walls defining a compartment (6); and - at least one thermally insulating barrier (24, 28) of a sealed and thermally insulating tank (2) which is anchored in the compartment (6); and - assembling the first section (11) and the second section (12) such that a first cofferdam wall (7) of the first section (11) forms, with a second cofferdam wall (8) of the second section (12), a cofferdam space (9) between the compartment (6) of the first section (1) and the compartment (6) of the second section (12).
Description
L’invention se rapporte au domaine des ouvrages flottants, notamment navires et barges, destinés au stockage et/ou au transport d’un gaz liquéfié. En particulier, l’invention se rapporte au domaine des ouvrages flottants comportant des cuves étanches et thermiquement isolantes à membranes pour le stockage et/ou transport d’un gaz liquéfié, tel que du Gaz Naturel Liquéfié, du Gaz de Pétrole Liquéfié, de l’ammoniac ou de l’hydrogène par exemple.The invention relates to the field of floating structures, in particular ships and barges, intended for the storage and/or transport of liquefied gas. In particular, the invention relates to the field of floating structures comprising waterproof and thermally insulating membrane tanks for the storage and/or transport of a liquefied gas, such as Liquefied Natural Gas, Liquefied Petroleum Gas, ammonia or hydrogen for example.
L’invention concerne plus particulièrement un procédé de fabrication d’un tel ouvrage flottant.The invention relates more particularly to a method of manufacturing such a floating structure.
Dans l’état de la technique, il est connu des navires comportant une double coque, c’est-à-dire une coque interne et une coque externe. La coque interne définit une pluralité de compartiments formant chacun une structure porteuse à l’intérieur de laquelle est montée une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante de stockage d’un gaz liquéfié. Les compartiments sont disposés les uns à la suite des autres le long de la direction longitudinale du navire, chaque compartiment étant séparé du ou des espaces internes adjacents par un espace de cofferdam transversal.In the state of the art, ships with a double hull are known, that is to say an internal hull and an external hull. The internal shell defines a plurality of compartments each forming a supporting structure inside which a waterproof and thermally insulating tank for storing a liquefied gas is mounted. The compartments are arranged one after the other along the longitudinal direction of the ship, each compartment being separated from the adjacent internal space(s) by a transverse cofferdam space.
Pour réaliser de telles navires, il est connu de pré-assembler une pluralité de tronçons de navire comportant chacun une portion de coque externe et une portion de coque interne puis d’assembler les tronçons les uns aux autres en cale sèche. Par la suite, lorsque les tronçons ont été assemblés les uns aux autres, les parois des cuves étanche et thermiquement isolantes sont montées et ancrées à l’intérieur des compartiments de la coque interne. Ces opérations de fabrication des cuves sont réalisées soit en cale sèche soit à quai, après la mise à l’eau du navire, afin de libérer au plus vite la cale sèche. Elles peuvent également être réalisées en partie en cale sèche et en partie à quai. To produce such ships, it is known to pre-assemble a plurality of ship sections each comprising an external hull portion and an internal hull portion then to assemble the sections to each other in dry dock. Subsequently, when the sections have been assembled together, the walls of the waterproof and thermally insulating tanks are mounted and anchored inside the compartments of the internal shell. These tank manufacturing operations are carried out either in the dry dock or at the dock, after the ship has been launched, in order to free the dry dock as quickly as possible. They can also be carried out partly in dry dock and partly at the dock.
Un tel procédé de fabrication n’est pas pleinement satisfaisant. En particulier, comme toutes les opérations de montage et d’ancrage des parois des cuves étanches sont réalisées soit en cale sèche soit à quai, un tel procédé de fabrication conduit à monopoliser une cale sèche et/ou un quai pendant une durée importante. Or, les cales sèches et quais sont en nombre limité dans les chantiers de construction navale, ce qui nuit à la capacité de production desdits chantiers de construction navale. Such a manufacturing process is not fully satisfactory. In particular, as all the operations of assembling and anchoring the walls of the watertight tanks are carried out either in a dry dock or at the quay, such a manufacturing process leads to monopolizing a dry dock and/or a quay for a significant period of time. However, dry docks and docks are limited in number in shipbuilding yards, which harms the production capacity of said shipbuilding yards.
Une idée à la base de l’invention consiste à proposer un procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant équipé de cuves étanches et thermiquement isolantes permettant, notamment de diminuer la durée de mobilisation d’une cale sèche et/ou d’un quai.An idea underlying the invention consists of proposing a method of manufacturing a floating structure equipped with waterproof and thermally insulating tanks making it possible, in particular, to reduce the duration of mobilization of a dry dock and/or a quay.
Une autre idée à la base de l’invention est de proposer un procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant qui soit plus rapide et plus simple.Another idea underlying the invention is to propose a method of manufacturing a floating structure which is faster and simpler.
Selon un premier aspect, l’invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant comportant les étapes successives suivantes :
- fabriquer un premier tronçon et un deuxième tronçon de l’ouvrage flottant, le premier tronçon et le deuxième tronçon comportant chacun :
- une portion de coque externe ;
- une portion de coque interne comportant une pluralité de parois porteuses définissant un compartiment, la pluralité de parois porteuses comportant une première paroi de cofferdam et une deuxième paroi de cofferdam qui s’étendent transversalement à une direction longitudinale de l’ouvrage flottant, une paroi supérieure, une paroi inférieure et des parois latérales, la paroi supérieure, la paroi inférieure et les parois latérales s’étendant longitudinalement entre la première paroi de cofferdam et la deuxième paroi de cofferdam ; et
- au moins une barrière thermiquement isolante d’une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante qui est ancrée dans ledit compartiment contre chacune des parois porteuses définissant le compartiment ; et
- assembler le premier tronçon et le deuxième tronçon, la portion de coque externe du premier tronçon et la portion de coque externe du deuxième tronçon étant soudées l’une à l’autre de manière étanche et la première paroi de cofferdam du premier tronçon formant avec la deuxième paroi de cofferdam du deuxième tronçon un espace de cofferdam entre le compartiment du premier tronçon et le compartiment du deuxième tronçon.According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a floating structure comprising the following successive steps:
- manufacture a first section and a second section of the floating structure, the first section and the second section each comprising:
- a portion of external shell;
- an internal hull portion comprising a plurality of load-bearing walls defining a compartment, the plurality of load-bearing walls comprising a first cofferdam wall and a second cofferdam wall which extend transversely to a longitudinal direction of the floating structure, a wall upper wall, a lower wall and side walls, the upper wall, the lower wall and the side walls extending longitudinally between the first cofferdam wall and the second cofferdam wall; And
- at least one thermally insulating barrier of a waterproof and thermally insulating tank which is anchored in said compartment against each of the load-bearing walls defining the compartment; And
- assemble the first section and the second section, the outer shell portion of the first section and the outer shell portion of the second section being welded to each other in a sealed manner and the first cofferdam wall of the first section forming with the second cofferdam wall of the second section a cofferdam space between the compartment of the first section and the compartment of the second section.
- fabriquer un premier tronçon et un deuxième tronçon de l’ouvrage flottant, le premier tronçon et le deuxième tronçon comportant chacun :
- une portion de coque externe ;
- une portion de coque interne comportant une pluralité de parois porteuses définissant un compartiment, la pluralité de parois porteuses comportant une première paroi de cofferdam et une deuxième paroi de cofferdam qui s’étendent transversalement à une direction longitudinale de l’ouvrage flottant, une paroi supérieure, une paroi inférieure et des parois latérales, la paroi supérieure, la paroi inférieure et les parois latérales s’étendant longitudinalement entre la première paroi de cofferdam et la deuxième paroi de cofferdam ; et
- au moins une barrière thermiquement isolante d’une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante qui est ancrée dans ledit compartiment contre chacune des parois porteuses définissant le compartiment ; et
- assembler le premier tronçon et le deuxième tronçon, la portion de coque externe du premier tronçon et la portion de coque externe du deuxième tronçon étant soudées l’une à l’autre de manière étanche et la première paroi de cofferdam du premier tronçon formant avec la deuxième paroi de cofferdam du deuxième tronçon un espace de cofferdam entre le compartiment du premier tronçon et le compartiment du deuxième tronçon.According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a floating structure comprising the following successive steps:
- manufacture a first section and a second section of the floating structure, the first section and the second section each comprising:
- a portion of external shell;
- an internal hull portion comprising a plurality of load-bearing walls defining a compartment, the plurality of load-bearing walls comprising a first cofferdam wall and a second cofferdam wall which extend transversely to a longitudinal direction of the floating structure, a wall upper wall, a lower wall and side walls, the upper wall, the lower wall and the side walls extending longitudinally between the first cofferdam wall and the second cofferdam wall; And
- at least one thermally insulating barrier of a waterproof and thermally insulating tank which is anchored in said compartment against each of the load-bearing walls defining the compartment; And
- assemble the first section and the second section, the outer shell portion of the first section and the outer shell portion of the second section being welded to each other in a sealed manner and the first cofferdam wall of the first section forming with the second cofferdam wall of the second section a cofferdam space between the compartment of the first section and the compartment of the second section.
Ainsi, au moins les barrières thermiquement isolantes des cuves du premier tronçon et du deuxième tronçon peuvent être montées à l’intérieur de la coque interne dans n’importe quelle zone du chantier présentant un espace suffisant, ce qui permet de limiter le temps d’utilisation de la cale sèche.Thus, at least the thermally insulating barriers of the tanks of the first section and the second section can be mounted inside the internal shell in any area of the site having sufficient space, which makes it possible to limit the time of use of dry dock.
En outre, chaque tronçon comportant toutes les parois porteuses définissant un compartiment, cela permet de limiter les déformations de la barrière thermiquement isolante lorsque les tronçons sont déplacés et assemblés les uns aux autres.In addition, each section comprising all the load-bearing walls defining a compartment, this makes it possible to limit deformations of the thermally insulating barrier when the sections are moved and assembled together.
Selon des modes de réalisation, un tel procédé de fabrication peut également comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes.According to embodiments, such a manufacturing process may also include one or more of the following characteristics.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le procédé prévoit de fabriquer un nombre n de tronçons avec n supérieur à 2, au moins une partie des n tronçons étant fabriqué comme le premier et le deuxième tronçons précités, puis d’assembler chacun des n tronçons avec le ou les tronçons adjacents par une étape d’assemblage similaire à celle utilisée pour assembler le premier et le deuxième tronçons. According to one embodiment, the method provides for manufacturing a number n of sections with n greater than 2, at least part of the n sections being manufactured like the first and second sections mentioned above, then assembling each of the n sections with the or adjacent sections by an assembly step similar to that used to assemble the first and second sections.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la fabrication du premier tronçon comporte une étape de fixation de renforts structurels contre la première paroi de cofferdam dudit premier tronçon, lesdits renforts structurels faisant saillie dans une direction opposée au compartiment dudit premier tronçon et la fabrication du deuxième tronçon comporte une étape de fixation de renforts structurels contre la deuxième paroi de cofferdam dudit deuxième tronçon, lesdits renforts structurels faisant saillie dans une direction opposée au compartiment dudit deuxième tronçon; et lors de l’assemblage du premier tronçon avec le deuxième tronçon, on soude, dans des zones de soudure, les renforts structurels faisant saillie depuis la première paroi de cofferdam du premier tronçon aux renforts structurels faisant saillie depuis la deuxième paroi de cofferdam du deuxième tronçon ou on soude dans des zones de soudure, les renforts structurels faisant saillie depuis la première paroi de cofferdam du premier tronçon et les renforts structurels faisant saillie depuis la deuxième paroi de cofferdam du deuxième tronçon à des renforts intermédiaires liant les renforts structurels de la première et de la deuxième paroi de cofferdam. Ceci permet de faciliter l’assemblage entre les tronçons. According to one embodiment, the manufacture of the first section comprises a step of fixing structural reinforcements against the first cofferdam wall of said first section, said structural reinforcements projecting in a direction opposite to the compartment of said first section and the manufacture of the second section comprises a step of fixing structural reinforcements against the second cofferdam wall of said second section, said structural reinforcements projecting in a direction opposite to the compartment of said second section; and during the assembly of the first section with the second section, we weld, in welding zones, the structural reinforcements projecting from the first cofferdam wall of the first section to the structural reinforcements projecting from the second cofferdam wall of the second section where welding zones are welded, the structural reinforcements projecting from the first cofferdam wall of the first section and the structural reinforcements projecting from the second cofferdam wall of the second section to intermediate reinforcements linking the structural reinforcements of the first and the second cofferdam wall. This makes assembly between sections easier.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les zones de soudure sont positionnées à une distance supérieure à 100 mm de la première paroi de cofferdam du premier tronçon et de la deuxième paroi de cofferdam du deuxième tronçon. Ceci permet d’éviter que les opérations de soudage ne dégradent les parties de la barrière thermiquement isolante montées contre la première paroi de cofferdam du premier tronçon et/ou celles montées contre la deuxième paroi de cofferdam du deuxième tronçon.According to one embodiment, the welding zones are positioned at a distance greater than 100 mm from the first cofferdam wall of the first section and the second cofferdam wall of the second section. This prevents welding operations from damaging the parts of the thermally insulating barrier mounted against the first cofferdam wall of the first section and/or those mounted against the second cofferdam wall of the second section.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la fabrication du premier tronçon et la fabrication du deuxième tronçon, préalablement à l’assemblage du premier tronçon au deuxième tronçon, comportent chacune une étape de fixation d’une membrane d’étanchéité, dans le compartiment dudit premier ou deuxième tronçon, contre la barrière thermiquement isolante. Ceci permet de limiter encore davantage le temps d’utilisation de la cale sèche.According to one embodiment, the manufacture of the first section and the manufacture of the second section, prior to the assembly of the first section to the second section, each comprise a step of fixing a sealing membrane, in the compartment of said first or second section, against the thermally insulating barrier. This makes it possible to further limit the time spent using the dry dock.
Selon un mode de réalisation la barrière thermiquement isolante est une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire et la membrane d’étanchéité est une membrane d’étanchéité secondaire.According to one embodiment, the thermally insulating barrier is a secondary thermally insulating barrier and the sealing membrane is a secondary sealing membrane.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la fabrication du premier tronçon et la fabrication du deuxième tronçon, préalablement à l’assemblage du premier tronçon au deuxième tronçon, comportent chacune une étape de fixation d’une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire dans le compartiment dudit premier ou deuxième tronçon contre la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire.According to one embodiment, the manufacture of the first section and the manufacture of the second section, prior to the assembly of the first section to the second section, each comprise a step of fixing a primary thermally insulating barrier in the compartment of said first or second section against the secondary waterproofing membrane.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la fabrication du premier tronçon et la fabrication du deuxième tronçon, préalablement à l’assemblage du premier tronçon au deuxième tronçon, comportent chacune une étape de fixation d’une membrane d’étanchéité primaire dans le compartiment dudit premier ou deuxième tronçon contre la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire.According to one embodiment, the manufacture of the first section and the manufacture of the second section, prior to the assembly of the first section to the second section, each comprise a step of fixing a primary sealing membrane in the compartment of said first or second section against the primary thermally insulating barrier.
Selon un mode de réalisation, préalablement à l’assemblage du premier tronçon au deuxième tronçon, le premier tronçon et le deuxième tronçon comportent chacun une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante qui est ancrée dans le compartiment dudit premier ou deuxième tronçon, ladite cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante comportant une paroi de cuve contre chacune des parois porteuses définissant ledit compartiment, chaque paroi de cuve présentant une structure multicouche comportant au moins la barrière thermiquement isolante et une membrane d’étanchéité, et de préférence une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire, une membrane d’étanchéité secondaire, une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire et une membrane d’étanchéité primaire.According to one embodiment, prior to the assembly of the first section to the second section, the first section and the second section each comprise a sealed and thermally insulating tank which is anchored in the compartment of said first or second section, said sealed and thermally insulating tank insulating structure comprising a tank wall against each of the load-bearing walls defining said compartment, each tank wall having a multilayer structure comprising at least the thermally insulating barrier and a sealing membrane, and preferably a secondary thermally insulating barrier, a membrane secondary waterproofing, a primary thermally insulating barrier and a primary waterproofing membrane.
Selon un mode de réalisation, pendant la fabrication du premier et du deuxième tronçons, on teste l’étanchéité de la membrane d’étanchéité du premier tronçon et du deuxième tronçon, et de préférence de la membrane d’étanchéité primaire et de la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire si chaque tronçon comporte deux membranes d’étanchéité.According to one embodiment, during the manufacture of the first and second sections, the tightness of the sealing membrane of the first section and the second section is tested, and preferably of the primary sealing membrane and the membrane of secondary waterproofing if each section has two waterproofing membranes.
Selon un mode de réalisation, on teste l’étanchéité de la membrane d’étanchéité avant sa première mise en froid.According to one embodiment, the tightness of the waterproofing membrane is tested before it is first cooled.
Selon un mode de réalisation, pendant la fabrication du premier et du deuxième tronçon, préalablement à l’assemblage du premier tronçon au deuxième tronçon l’un à l’autre, la membrane d’étanchéité est mise en froid. Selon une variante de réalisation, la mise en froid est par exemple obtenue en refroidissant la cuve avec de l’azote liquide.According to one embodiment, during the manufacture of the first and the second section, prior to the assembly of the first section to the second section to each other, the waterproofing membrane is cooled. According to an alternative embodiment, cooling is for example obtained by cooling the tank with liquid nitrogen.
Selon un mode de réalisation, pendant la fabrication du premier et du deuxième tronçon, préalablement à l’assemblage du premier tronçon au deuxième tronçon l’un à l’autre, on teste l’étanchéité de la membrane d’étanchéité du premier tronçon et du deuxième tronçon après sa première mise en froid.According to one embodiment, during the manufacture of the first and second sections, prior to assembling the first section to the second section to each other, the tightness of the sealing membrane of the first section is tested and of the second section after its first cooling.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le premier tronçon et le deuxième tronçon sont fabriqués dans une première zone et l’on déplace au moyen d’un engin de levage le premier tronçon et le deuxième tronçon de la première zone vers une cale sèche, le premier tronçon et le deuxième tronçon étant assemblés l’une à l’autre dans la cale sèche. L’engin de levage peut se composer de plusieurs grues.According to one embodiment, the first section and the second section are manufactured in a first zone and the first section and the second section are moved by means of a lifting machine from the first zone to a dry dock, the first section and the second section being assembled together in the dry dock. The lifting machine may consist of several cranes.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la fabrication du premier tronçon et la fabrication du deuxième tronçon, préalablement à l’assemblage du premier tronçon au deuxième tronçon, comportent une étape d’assemblage et d’ancrage d’une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante dans le compartiment dudit premier ou deuxième tronçon, ladite cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante présentant un espace interne destiné à recevoir un gaz liquéfié et comportant une paroi de cuve contre chacune des parois porteuses définissant ledit compartiment, chaque paroi de cuve présentant une structure multicouche comportant au moins la barrière thermiquement isolante et une membrane d’étanchéité. Pendant le déplacement du premier tronçon de la première zone vers le cale sèche et/ou l’assemblage du premier tronçon et du deuxième tronçon l’un à l’autre, on génère un différentiel de pression entre une première pression régnant dans l’espace interne de la cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante du premier tronçon et une deuxième pression régnant dans la barrière thermiquement isolante de la cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante du premier tronçon, la première pression étant supérieure à la deuxième pression. Ceci permet de plaquer la membrane d’étanchéité contre la barrière thermiquement isolante, ce qui permet d’éviter ou pour le moins limiter leurs déformations lorsque le premier tronçon est déplacé et/ou assemblé avec le deuxième tronçon.According to one embodiment, the manufacturing of the first section and the manufacturing of the second section, prior to the assembly of the first section to the second section, comprise a step of assembling and anchoring a waterproof and thermally insulating tank in the compartment of said first or second section, said sealed and thermally insulating tank having an internal space intended to receive a liquefied gas and comprising a tank wall against each of the load-bearing walls defining said compartment, each tank wall having a multilayer structure comprising at least the thermally insulating barrier and a waterproofing membrane. During the movement of the first section from the first zone towards the dry dock and/or the assembly of the first section and the second section to each other, a pressure differential is generated between a first pressure prevailing in the space internal of the waterproof and thermally insulating tank of the first section and a second pressure prevailing in the thermally insulating barrier of the waterproof and thermally insulating tank of the first section, the first pressure being greater than the second pressure. This makes it possible to press the waterproofing membrane against the thermally insulating barrier, which makes it possible to avoid or at least limit their deformation when the first section is moved and/or assembled with the second section.
Selon un mode de réalisation, un tel différentiel de pression est également généré entre l’espace interne et la barrière thermiquement isolante de la cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante du deuxième tronçon pendant le déplacement dudit deuxième tronçon de la première zone vers le cale sèche et/ou l’assemblage du premier tronçon et du deuxième tronçon l’un à l’autre.According to one embodiment, such a pressure differential is also generated between the internal space and the thermally insulating barrier of the waterproof and thermally insulating tank of the second section during the movement of said second section from the first zone towards the dry dock and/or or assembling the first section and the second section to each other.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le différentiel de pression entre la première pression et la deuxième pression est supérieur à 2 kPa, de préférence supérieur ou égal à 5 kPa.According to one embodiment, the pressure differential between the first pressure and the second pressure is greater than 2 kPa, preferably greater than or equal to 5 kPa.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le différentiel de pression entre la première pression et la deuxième pression est compris entre 5 kPa et 25 kPa.According to one embodiment, the pressure differential between the first pressure and the second pressure is between 5 kPa and 25 kPa.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le différentiel de pression est généré en plaçant la barrière thermiquement isolante à une pression inférieure à la pression atmosphérique.According to one embodiment, the pressure differential is generated by placing the thermally insulating barrier at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure.
Selon un mode de réalisation, chaque paroi de cuve comporte une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire, une membrane d’étanchéité secondaire, une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire et une membrane d’étanchéité primaire ; et pendant le déplacement du premier tronçon de la première zone vers le cale sèche et/ou l’assemblage du premier tronçon et du deuxième tronçon l’un à l’autre, on génère un différentiel de pression entre la pression régnant dans la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire et la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire de la cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante du premier tronçon, la pression de la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire étant inférieure à la pression de la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire.According to one embodiment, each tank wall comprises a secondary thermally insulating barrier, a secondary sealing membrane, a primary thermally insulating barrier and a primary sealing membrane; and during the movement of the first section from the first zone towards the dry dock and/or the assembly of the first section and the second section to each other, a pressure differential is generated between the pressure prevailing in the barrier thermally secondary insulating barrier and the primary thermally insulating barrier of the sealed and thermally insulating tank of the first section, the pressure of the secondary thermally insulating barrier being lower than the pressure of the primary thermally insulating barrier.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le différentiel de pression est généré en plaçant l’espace interne de la cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante à une pression supérieure à la pression atmosphérique.According to one embodiment, the pressure differential is generated by placing the internal space of the sealed and thermally insulating tank at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la fabrication du premier tronçon et la fabrication du deuxième tronçon comportent chacune :
- souder la paroi inférieure et les parois latérales aux première et deuxième parois de cofferdam ;
- introduire un échafaudage dans le compartiment par une ouverture destinée à être obturée par la paroi supérieure ;
- assembler l’échafaudage dans le compartiment ;
- souder la paroi supérieure aux parois latérales et aux première et deuxième parois de cofferdam de manière à fermer le compartiment ; et
- ancrer la barrière thermiquement isolante contre chacune des parois porteuses définissant ledit compartiment.According to one embodiment, the manufacturing of the first section and the manufacturing of the second section each include:
- weld the bottom wall and the side walls to the first and second cofferdam walls;
- introduce scaffolding into the compartment through an opening intended to be closed by the upper wall;
- assemble the scaffolding in the compartment;
- weld the upper wall to the side walls and to the first and second cofferdam walls so as to close the compartment; And
- anchor the thermally insulating barrier against each of the load-bearing walls defining said compartment.
- souder la paroi inférieure et les parois latérales aux première et deuxième parois de cofferdam ;
- introduire un échafaudage dans le compartiment par une ouverture destinée à être obturée par la paroi supérieure ;
- assembler l’échafaudage dans le compartiment ;
- souder la paroi supérieure aux parois latérales et aux première et deuxième parois de cofferdam de manière à fermer le compartiment ; et
- ancrer la barrière thermiquement isolante contre chacune des parois porteuses définissant ledit compartiment.According to one embodiment, the manufacturing of the first section and the manufacturing of the second section each include:
- weld the bottom wall and the side walls to the first and second cofferdam walls;
- introduce scaffolding into the compartment through an opening intended to be closed by the upper wall;
- assemble the scaffolding in the compartment;
- weld the upper wall to the side walls and to the first and second cofferdam walls so as to close the compartment; And
- anchor the thermally insulating barrier against each of the load-bearing walls defining said compartment.
Ceci permet de simplifier les opérations de mise en place de l’échafaudage et permet ainsi de réduire encore davantage la durée de fabrication de l’ouvrage flottant.This makes it possible to simplify the operations of setting up the scaffolding and thus makes it possible to further reduce the manufacturing time of the floating structure.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la fabrication du premier tronçon et la fabrication du deuxième tronçon comportent chacune en outre une étape consistant à ancrer la membrane d’étanchéité sur la barrière thermiquement isolante.According to one embodiment, the manufacturing of the first section and the manufacturing of the second section each further comprise a step consisting of anchoring the waterproofing membrane on the thermally insulating barrier.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’ouvrage flottant est un navire.According to one embodiment, the floating structure is a ship.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, l’ouvrage flottant est une barge de reliquéfaction et de gazéification ou un navire de type méthanier.According to another embodiment, the floating structure is a reliquefaction and gasification barge or an LNG tanker type vessel.
L’invention sera mieux comprise, et d'autres buts, détails, caractéristiques et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement au cours de la description suivante de plusieurs modes de réalisation particuliers de l’invention, donnés uniquement à titre illustratif et non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés.The invention will be better understood, and other aims, details, characteristics and advantages thereof will appear more clearly during the following description of several particular embodiments of the invention, given solely by way of illustration and not limitation. , with reference to the attached drawings.
La représente un navire 1 présentant une double coque et comportant plusieurs cuves étanches et thermiquement isolantes 2 montées dans la double coque et destinées à stocker du gaz liquéfié. La double coque comporte une coque externe 3 et une coque interne 4. La coque externe 3 et la coque interne 4 sont séparées par des espaces de ballast 5 destinés à être plus ou moins remplis d’eau de mer en fonction du chargement du navire 1, de manière à assurer la stabilité du navire 1.There represents a ship 1 having a double hull and comprising several waterproof and thermally insulating tanks 2 mounted in the double hull and intended to store liquefied gas. The double hull comprises an outer hull 3 and an inner hull 4. The outer hull 3 and the inner hull 4 are separated by ballast spaces 5 intended to be more or less filled with sea water depending on the loading of the ship 1 , so as to ensure the stability of the ship 1.
Le gaz liquéfié destiné à être stocké dans les cuves 2 peut notamment être un gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL), c’est-à-dire un mélange gazeux comportant majoritairement du méthane ainsi qu’un ou plusieurs autres hydrocarbures, de l’éthane, un gaz de pétrole liquéfié (GPL), c’est-à-dire un mélange d’hydrocarbures issu du raffinage du pétrole comportant essentiellement du propane et du butane, de l’hydrogène liquide ou de l’ammoniac liquide.The liquefied gas intended to be stored in the tanks 2 may in particular be a liquefied natural gas (LNG), that is to say a gas mixture comprising mainly methane as well as one or more other hydrocarbons, ethane, a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), that is to say a mixture of hydrocarbons resulting from petroleum refining essentially comprising propane and butane, liquid hydrogen or liquid ammonia.
La coque interne 4 présente une pluralité de compartiments 6 de forme polyédrique qui sont définis par une pluralité de parois porteuses et qui sont chacun destinés à former une structure porteuse recevant l’une des cuves 2 du navire 1. La coque interne 4 comporte des parois de cofferdam 7, 8 qui s’étendent transversalement à la direction longitudinale du navire 1 et qui délimitent des espaces de cofferdam 9 segmentant la coque interne 4 en plusieurs compartiments 6. Chaque espace de cofferdam 9 est défini par deux parois de cofferdam 7, 8 formant respectivement une paroi porteuse de l’un et l’autre des deux compartiments 6 adjacents, disposés de part et d’autre dudit espace de cofferdam 9. L’espace de cofferdam a une largeur de l’ordre de 1,5 à 3 mètres.The internal hull 4 has a plurality of compartments 6 of polyhedral shape which are defined by a plurality of load-bearing walls and which are each intended to form a load-bearing structure receiving one of the tanks 2 of the ship 1. The internal hull 4 comprises walls cofferdam 7, 8 which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the ship 1 and which delimit cofferdam spaces 9 segmenting the internal hull 4 into several compartments 6. Each cofferdam space 9 is defined by two cofferdam walls 7, 8 respectively forming a supporting wall of one and the other of the two adjacent compartments 6, arranged on either side of said cofferdam space 9. The cofferdam space has a width of the order of 1.5 to 3 meters.
En relation avec la , on décrit ci-dessous un procédé de fabrication d’un tel navire 1. In relation to the , a method of manufacturing such a vessel 1 is described below.
Dans un premier temps, on fabrique une pluralité de tronçons 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15. Parmi ces tronçons, ceux, référencés 11, 12, 13, 14, intègrent chacun toutes les parois porteuses définissant un compartiment 6.Firstly, a plurality of sections 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 are manufactured. Among these sections, those, referenced 11, 12, 13, 14, each integrate all the load-bearing walls defining a compartment 6.
Ainsi, comme représenté sur la , ces tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 comportent une portion de la coque interne 4 comprenant deux parois de cofferdam 7, 8 qui définissent respectivement la paroi avant et la paroi arrière du compartiment 6 et qui sont chacune destinées à délimiter, avec une paroi de cofferdam 7, 8 d’un tronçon 11, 12, 13, 14 adjacent, un espace de cofferdam 9. La portion de la coque interne 4 de chacun des tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 comporte également une paroi supérieure 16, une paroi inférieure 17 et des parois latérales qui s’étendent selon la direction longitudinale du navire 1 et qui relient les deux parois de cofferdam 7, 8 dudit tronçon 11,12, 13, 14.Thus, as shown in the , these sections 11, 12, 13, 14 comprise a portion of the internal shell 4 comprising two cofferdam walls 7, 8 which respectively define the front wall and the rear wall of the compartment 6 and which are each intended to delimit, with a wall of cofferdam 7, 8 of an adjacent section 11, 12, 13, 14, a cofferdam space 9. The portion of the internal shell 4 of each of the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 also comprises an upper wall 16, a lower wall 17 and side walls which extend in the longitudinal direction of the ship 1 and which connect the two cofferdam walls 7, 8 of said section 11,12, 13, 14.
En d’autres termes, les plans de jonction entre les tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 successifs s’étendent transversalement à la direction longitudinale du navire 1 et passent dans les espaces de cofferdam 9, c’est-à-dire entre les deux parois de cofferdam 7, 8 délimitant ledit espace de cofferdam 9.In other words, the junction planes between the successive sections 11, 12, 13, 14 extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the ship 1 and pass into the cofferdam spaces 9, that is to say between the two cofferdam walls 7, 8 delimiting said cofferdam space 9.
De manière avantageuse, comme représenté sur les figures 3 et 4, les parois de cofferdam 7, 8 présentent une forme octogonale. Ainsi, les parois latérales comportent deux parois verticales 19, 22, deux parois de chanfrein supérieures 18, 21 et deux parois de chanfrein inférieures 20, 23. Les deux parois verticales 19, 22 sont chacune reliées à la paroi supérieure 16 par l’une des parois de chanfrein supérieures 18, 21 et sont chacune reliées à la paroi inférieure 17 par l’une des parois de chanfrein inférieures 20, 23.Advantageously, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the cofferdam walls 7, 8 have an octagonal shape. Thus, the side walls comprise two vertical walls 19, 22, two upper chamfer walls 18, 21 and two lower chamfer walls 20, 23. The two vertical walls 19, 22 are each connected to the upper wall 16 by one upper chamfer walls 18, 21 and are each connected to the lower wall 17 by one of the lower chamfer walls 20, 23.
Par ailleurs, comme représenté sur les figures 4 et 5, les tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 comportent des renforts structurels 31. Les renforts structurels 31 sont fixés sur les parois de cofferdam 7, 8, sur leur face opposée au compartiment 6. Les renforts structurels 31 sont ainsi destinés à être positionnés dans l’espace de cofferdam 9 formé entre deux parois de cofferdam 7, 8 adjacentes. Les renforts structurels 31 font ainsi saillie depuis les parois de cofferdam 7, 8 et s’étendent dans une direction opposée au compartiment 6 recevant la cuve 2. Sur les figures, les renforts structurels 31 sont orientés soit verticalement soit horizontalement et forment ainsi un réseau de renforts structurels 31 disposés perpendiculairement les uns aux autres. Les renforts structurels 31 sont, par exemple, formés par des tôles qui sont soudées aux parois de cofferdam 7, 8.Furthermore, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the sections 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 include structural reinforcements 31. The structural reinforcements 31 are fixed on the cofferdam walls 7, 8, on their face opposite the compartment 6. The structural reinforcements 31 are thus intended to be positioned in the cofferdam space 9 formed between two adjacent cofferdam walls 7, 8. The structural reinforcements 31 thus project from the cofferdam walls 7, 8 and extend in a direction opposite to the compartment 6 receiving the tank 2. In the figures, the structural reinforcements 31 are oriented either vertically or horizontally and thus form a network structural reinforcements 31 arranged perpendicular to each other. The structural reinforcements 31 are, for example, formed by sheets which are welded to the cofferdam walls 7, 8.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, afin de réaliser un tronçon 11, 12, 13, 14, l’on soude, dans un premier temps, les parois de cofferdam 7, 8 avec leurs renforts structurels 31, la paroi inférieure 17 ainsi que les parois latérales 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, les unes aux autres. La paroi supérieure 16 n’est quant à elle pas encore soudée aux autres parois porteuses de sorte que la coque interne 4 présente une ouverture au-dessus du compartiment 6. Aussi, comme représenté sur la , un échafaudage 32 est introduit à l’intérieur du compartiment 6 par ladite ouverture puis assemblé à l’intérieur du compartiment 6. Ceci permet de faciliter les opérations de mise en place de l’échafaudage. Dans un deuxième temps, la paroi supérieure 16 est soudée aux autres parois porteuses, ce qui permet de fermer le compartiment 6.According to an advantageous embodiment, in order to produce a section 11, 12, 13, 14, we first weld the cofferdam walls 7, 8 with their structural reinforcements 31, the lower wall 17 as well as the side walls 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, to each other. The upper wall 16 is not yet welded to the other supporting walls so that the internal shell 4 has an opening above the compartment 6. Also, as shown in the , a scaffolding 32 is introduced inside the compartment 6 through said opening then assembled inside the compartment 6. This makes it possible to facilitate the operations of setting up the scaffolding. Secondly, the upper wall 16 is welded to the other supporting walls, which allows compartment 6 to be closed.
Par la suite, une cuve 2 est montée et ancrée à l’intérieur du compartiment 6 en s’aidant dudit échafaudage 39. La cuve 2 est avantageusement une cuve à membranes. Les parois de telles cuves 2 comportent une structure multicouche, telle que représentée sur la . Chaque paroi présente successivement, de l’extérieur vers l’intérieur, selon la direction d’épaisseur de la paroi, une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24 comportant des éléments isolants 26 fixés à la paroi porteuse 25, une membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 27 ancrée aux éléments isolants 26 de la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24, une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 28 comportant des éléments isolants 29 fixés aux éléments isolants 26 de la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24 ou à la paroi porteuse 25 et reposant contre la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 27 et une membrane d’étanchéité primaire 30 ancrée aux éléments isolants de la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 28 et destinée à être en contact avec le gaz liquéfie contenu dans la cuve 2. Les parois de cuve peuvent être fabriquées selon toute technique connue dans le domaine des cuves à membranes. Les parois de cuve sont, par exemple, de type Mark III ®, tel que décrit dans FR2691520, de type NO96 ® tel que décrit dans FR2877638 ou de type Mark V® tel que décrit dans WO14057221.Subsequently, a tank 2 is mounted and anchored inside the compartment 6 with the help of said scaffolding 39. The tank 2 is advantageously a membrane tank. The walls of such tanks 2 comprise a multilayer structure, as shown in the . Each wall successively presents, from the outside towards the inside, in the direction of thickness of the wall, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 comprising insulating elements 26 fixed to the supporting wall 25, a secondary sealing membrane 27 anchored to the insulating elements 26 of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24, a primary thermally insulating barrier 28 comprising insulating elements 29 fixed to the insulating elements 26 of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 or to the supporting wall 25 and resting against the secondary sealing membrane 27 and a primary sealing membrane 30 anchored to the insulating elements of the primary thermally insulating barrier 28 and intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas contained in the tank 2. The tank walls can be manufactured using any technique known in the field membrane tanks. The tank walls are, for example, of the Mark III ® type, as described in FR2691520, of the NO96 ® type as described in FR2877638 or of the Mark V® type as described in WO14057221.
Selon d’autres modes de réalisation, la structure multicouche ne présente qu’une seule barrière thermiquement isolante fixée à la paroi porteuse et une seule membrane d’étanchéité destinée à être en contact avec le gaz liquéfié contenu dans la cuve 2 et reposant contre la barrière thermiquement isolante. Selon d’autres variantes, la structure multicouche peut également présenter plus de deux membranes d’étanchéité.According to other embodiments, the multilayer structure has only a single thermally insulating barrier fixed to the supporting wall and a single sealing membrane intended to be in contact with the liquefied gas contained in the tank 2 and resting against the thermally insulating barrier. According to other variants, the multilayer structure can also have more than two waterproofing membranes.
Toutes les parois porteuses de chaque compartiment 6 sont revêtues d’une paroi de cuve ayant la structure multicouche précitée. En d’autres termes, comme chaque tronçon 11, 12, 13, 14 comporte toutes les parois porteuses définissant le compartiment 6, toutes les parois de la cuve 2 sont montées dans le compartiment 6 dudit tronçon 11, 12, 13, 14 avant que celui-ci ne soit assemblé en cale sèche avec les autres tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14.All the load-bearing walls of each compartment 6 are covered with a tank wall having the aforementioned multilayer structure. In other words, as each section 11, 12, 13, 14 includes all the load-bearing walls defining the compartment 6, all the walls of the tank 2 are mounted in the compartment 6 of said section 11, 12, 13, 14 before this is not assembled in dry dock with the other sections 11, 12, 13, 14.
Ainsi, les cuves 2 du navire 1 peuvent être montées à l’intérieur de la coque interne 4 dans n’importe quelle zone du chantier présentant un espace suffisant. Par la suite, les tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 sont positionnés en cale sèche au moyen d’un engin de levage 32 représenté sur la , tel qu’une grue, pour y être assemblés les uns aux autres. Ceci permet de limiter le temps d’utilisation de la cale sèche.Thus, the tanks 2 of the ship 1 can be mounted inside the internal hull 4 in any area of the site with sufficient space. Subsequently, the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 are positioned in dry dock by means of a lifting machine 32 shown on the , such as a crane, to be assembled together. This limits the time the dry dock is used.
De plus, un tel procédé permet également de réaliser en parallèle les opérations de construction de plusieurs ou de la totalité desdites cuves 2, ce qui permet ainsi de réduire la durée totale de fabrication du navire 1.In addition, such a method also makes it possible to carry out in parallel the construction operations of several or all of said tanks 2, which thus makes it possible to reduce the total manufacturing time of the vessel 1.
Selon une réalisation avantageuse, des opérations de test d’étanchéité des membranes d’étanchéité 27, 30 des cuves 2 sont également réalisées avant que les tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 ne soient assemblés les uns aux autres. Ceci permet de limiter encore davantage le temps d’utilisation de la cale sèche.According to an advantageous embodiment, tightness test operations of the sealing membranes 27, 30 of the tanks 2 are also carried out before the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 are assembled to each other. This makes it possible to further limit the time spent using the dry dock.
Conformément aux normes internationales relatives à la construction et à l'équipement des navires transportant des gaz liquéfiés (code IGC pour « International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk »), l’étanchéité des membranes d’étanchéité 27, 30 est testée au moins une première fois avant la première mise en froid de la cuve 2 et une seconde fois après la première mise en froid de la cuve 2. Ainsi, selon une réalisation avantageuse, au moins les premiers tests d’étanchéité, c’est-à-dire ceux réalisés avant la première mise en froid de la cuve 2, sont réalisés avant que les tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 ne soient déplacés en cale sèche pour y être assemblés les uns aux autres. Selon une variante de réalisation avantageuse, une première mise en froid des cuves 2 ainsi que les deuxièmes tests d’étanchéité précités sont également réalisés sur les tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 avant qu’ils ne soient assemblés les uns aux autres. Pour ce faire, selon un mode de réalisation, les cuves 2 peuvent notamment être refroidies avec de l’azote liquide afin de réaliser leur mise en froid avant que les tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 ne soient déplacés en cale sèche pour y être assemblés.In accordance with international standards relating to the construction and equipment of ships carrying liquefied gases (IGC code for “International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk”), the tightness of the waterproofing membranes 27 , 30 is tested at least a first time before the first cooling of the tank 2 and a second time after the first cooling of the tank 2. Thus, according to an advantageous embodiment, at least the first tightness tests, that is to say those carried out before the first cooling of the tank 2, are carried out before the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 are moved to dry dock to be assembled there with each other. According to an advantageous alternative embodiment, a first cooling of the tanks 2 as well as the aforementioned second leaktightness tests are also carried out on the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 before they are assembled together. To do this, according to one embodiment, the tanks 2 can in particular be cooled with liquid nitrogen in order to cool them before the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 are moved to dry dock to be there. assembled.
De manière avantageuse, afin d’éviter ou limiter les déformations des parois de la cuve 2 et notamment des membranes d’étanchéité 27, 30 lorsque les tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 sont déplacés en cale sèche au moyen de l’engin de levage 32 puis assemblés avec les tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 adjacents, on génère un différentiel de pression entre la pression P1 régnant dans l’espace interne de la cuve 2 et les pressions P2, P3 régnant respectivement dans la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 28 et la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24 de sorte que la pression P1 dans l’espace interne de la cuve 2 soit supérieure à celles régnant dans les barrières thermiquement isolantes secondaire et primaire 24, 28. Ceci a pour effet de plaquer la membrane d’étanchéité primaire 30 et la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 27 respectivement contre la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 28 et barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24, ce qui évite ou pour le moins limite leurs déformations lorsque les tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 sont déplacés et assemblés les uns aux autres.Advantageously, in order to avoid or limit deformations of the walls of the tank 2 and in particular of the sealing membranes 27, 30 when the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 are moved in dry dock by means of the transport machine. lifting 32 then assembled with the adjacent sections 11, 12, 13, 14, a pressure differential is generated between the pressure P1 prevailing in the internal space of the tank 2 and the pressures P2, P3 reigning respectively in the primary thermally insulating barrier 28 and the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 so that the pressure P1 in the internal space of the tank 2 is greater than those prevailing in the secondary and primary thermally insulating barriers 24, 28. This has the effect of pressing the membrane primary sealing 30 and the secondary sealing membrane 27 respectively against the primary thermally insulating barrier 28 and secondary thermally insulating barrier 24, which avoids or at least limits their deformations when the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 are moved and assembled each other.
Selon une variante de réalisation, le différentiel de pression précité est obtenu en injectant de l’air ou un gaz inerte dans l’espace interne de la cuve 2 et en maintenant ledit espace interne à une pression supérieure à la pression atmosphérique. A titre d’exemple, la pression relative régnant dans l’espace interne de la cuve 2 étanche et thermiquement isolante est, supérieure à une pression de 2 kPa, avantageusement comprise entre 5 kPa et 25 kPa, de préférence comprise entre 5 kPa et 20 kPa, par exemple de l’ordre de 5, 15 ou 20 kPa.According to a variant embodiment, the aforementioned pressure differential is obtained by injecting air or an inert gas into the internal space of the tank 2 and maintaining said internal space at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure. By way of example, the relative pressure prevailing in the internal space of the sealed and thermally insulating tank 2 is, greater than a pressure of 2 kPa, advantageously between 5 kPa and 25 kPa, preferably between 5 kPa and 20 kPa, for example of the order of 5, 15 or 20 kPa.
Selon une variante de réalisation alternative ou complémentaire, le différentiel de pression est obtenu en plaçant la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 28 et la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24 en dépression. Pour ce faire, une pompe à vide est raccordée à chacune des barrières thermiquement isolantes secondaire et primaire 24, 28. A titre d’exemple, les pressions relatives régnant dans la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 28 et la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24 sont inférieures à -2 kPa, avantageusement comprise entre - 5 kPa et -25 kPa et de préférence comprise entre - 5 kPa et -20 kPa. Selon une variante avantageuse, la pression P3 dans la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24 est inférieure à la pression P2 dans la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 28, ce qui permet de plaquer la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 27 vers la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24.According to an alternative or complementary embodiment, the pressure differential is obtained by placing the primary thermally insulating barrier 28 and the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 in depression. To do this, a vacuum pump is connected to each of the secondary and primary thermally insulating barriers 24, 28. For example, the relative pressures prevailing in the primary thermally insulating barrier 28 and the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 are less than -2 kPa, advantageously between - 5 kPa and -25 kPa and preferably between - 5 kPa and -20 kPa. According to an advantageous variant, the pressure P3 in the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 is lower than the pressure P2 in the primary thermally insulating barrier 28, which makes it possible to press the secondary sealing membrane 27 towards the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24.
Notons que dans les modes de réalisation avantageux décrit ci-dessous, toutes les couches de la structure multicouche de chacune des parois de la cuve 2 étanche et thermiquement isolante sont montées dans le compartiment 6 du tronçon 11, 12, 13, 14 avant que ledit tronçon 11, 12, 13, 14 ne soit assemblé avec les autres tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14. Toutefois, selon d’autres variantes de réalisation envisageables, il est également possible de prévoir que seule une partie des composants de la structure multicouche soit montée dans le compartiment 6 avant que les tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 ne soient déplacées en cale sèche et assemblés les uns aux autres.Note that in the advantageous embodiments described below, all the layers of the multilayer structure of each of the walls of the waterproof and thermally insulating tank 2 are mounted in the compartment 6 of the section 11, 12, 13, 14 before said section 11, 12, 13, 14 is not assembled with the other sections 11, 12, 13, 14. However, according to other possible embodiment variants, it is also possible to provide that only part of the components of the multilayer structure is mounted in compartment 6 before the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 are moved to dry dock and assembled together.
A titre d’exemple, il est ainsi possible de ne monter sur le tronçon 11, 12, 13, 14 avant son assemblage avec les autres tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 :
- que la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24 ;
- que la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24 et la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 27 ; ou
- que la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24, la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 27 et la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 28.For example, it is thus possible to only mount on the section 11, 12, 13, 14 before its assembly with the other sections 11, 12, 13, 14:
- that the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24;
- that the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 and the secondary sealing membrane 27; Or
- that the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24, the secondary sealing membrane 27 and the primary thermally insulating barrier 28.
- que la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24 ;
- que la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24 et la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 27 ; ou
- que la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24, la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire 27 et la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire 28.For example, it is thus possible to only mount on the section 11, 12, 13, 14 before its assembly with the other sections 11, 12, 13, 14:
- that the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24;
- that the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24 and the secondary sealing membrane 27; Or
- that the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24, the secondary sealing membrane 27 and the primary thermally insulating barrier 28.
Afin d’assembler les tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 les uns aux autres, les portions de coque externe 3 sont soudées de manière étanche les unes aux autres. En outre, les renforts structurels 31 faisant saillie de chacune des parois de cofferdam 7, 8 sont soudés aux renforts structurels 31 de la paroi de cofferdam 7, 8 en regard du tronçon 11, 12, 13, 14 adjacent. De manière avantageuse, les renforts structurels 31 des tronçons 11, 12, 13, 14 adjacents sont soudés les uns aux autres dans des zones de soudure qui sont positionnées à une distance de chacune des deux parois de cofferdam 7, 8 adjacentes qui est supérieure à 100 mm. Une telle distance vise à éviter que les températures susceptibles d’être atteintes lors des opérations de soudage ne dégradent les parois de la cuve 2 montées contre les deux parois de cofferdam 7, 8 adjacentes, notamment lorsque la structure multicouche des parois comporte des boudins de mastic entre la paroi porteuse et les blocs isolants de la barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire 24.In order to assemble the sections 11, 12, 13, 14 to each other, the outer shell portions 3 are welded tightly to each other. In addition, the structural reinforcements 31 projecting from each of the cofferdam walls 7, 8 are welded to the structural reinforcements 31 of the cofferdam wall 7, 8 facing the adjacent section 11, 12, 13, 14. Advantageously, the structural reinforcements 31 of the adjacent sections 11, 12, 13, 14 are welded to each other in welding zones which are positioned at a distance from each of the two adjacent cofferdam walls 7, 8 which is greater than 100mm. Such a distance aims to prevent the temperatures likely to be reached during welding operations from degrading the walls of the tank 2 mounted against the two adjacent cofferdam walls 7, 8, in particular when the multilayer structure of the walls includes tubes of putty between the supporting wall and the insulating blocks of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 24.
Selon un mode de réalisation alternatif, les renforts structurels 31 faisant saillie de chacune des parois de cofferdam 7, 8 sont fixés indirectement aux renforts structurels 31 de la paroi de cofferdam 7, 8 en regard du tronçon 11, 12, 13 par l’intermédiaire de renforts intermédiaires. Lesdits renforts intermédiaires présentent donc chacun une portion qui est soudée à un renfort structurel 31 de l’une des parois de cofferdam 7, 8 et une autre portion qui est soudée à un renfort structurel 31 de l’autre paroi de cofferdam 7, 8. Comme dans le mode de réalisation précédent, les zones de soudures des renforts intermédiaires sur les renforts structurels 31 sont positionnées à une distance de chacune des deux parois de cofferdam 7, 8 adjacentes qui est supérieure à 100 mm.According to an alternative embodiment, the structural reinforcements 31 projecting from each of the cofferdam walls 7, 8 are fixed indirectly to the structural reinforcements 31 of the cofferdam wall 7, 8 facing the section 11, 12, 13 via intermediate reinforcements. Said intermediate reinforcements therefore each have a portion which is welded to a structural reinforcement 31 of one of the cofferdam walls 7, 8 and another portion which is welded to a structural reinforcement 31 of the other cofferdam wall 7, 8. As in the previous embodiment, the weld zones of the intermediate reinforcements on the structural reinforcements 31 are positioned at a distance from each of the two adjacent cofferdam walls 7, 8 which is greater than 100 mm.
Bien que l'invention ait été décrite en liaison avec plusieurs modes de réalisation particuliers, il est bien évident qu'elle n'y est nullement limitée et qu'elle comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons si celles-ci entrent dans le cadre de l'invention, telle que définie par les revendications.Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is quite obvious that it is in no way limited and that it includes all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these fall within the scope of the invention, as defined by the claims.
L’usage du verbe « comporter », « comprendre » ou « inclure » et de ses formes conjuguées n’exclut pas la présence d’autres éléments ou d’autres étapes que ceux énoncés dans une revendication. The use of the verb “include”, “understand” or “include” and its conjugated forms does not exclude the presence of other elements or other steps than those set out in a claim.
Dans les revendications, tout signe de référence entre parenthèses ne saurait être interprété comme une limitation de la revendication.In the claims, any parenthetical reference sign shall not be construed as a limitation of the claim.
Claims (15)
- Procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant (1) comportant les étapes successives suivantes :
- fabriquer un premier tronçon (11) et un deuxième tronçon (12) de l’ouvrage flottant (1), le premier tronçon (11) et le deuxième tronçon (12) comportant chacun :
- une portion de coque externe (3) ;
- une portion de coque interne (4) comportant une pluralité de parois porteuses définissant un compartiment (6), la pluralité de parois porteuses comportant une première paroi de cofferdam (7) et une deuxième paroi de cofferdam (8) qui s’étendent transversalement à une direction longitudinale de l’ouvrage flottant (1), une paroi supérieure (16), une paroi inférieure (17) et des parois latérales (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23), la paroi supérieure (16), la paroi inférieure (17) et les parois latérales (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23) s’étendant longitudinalement entre la première paroi de cofferdam (7) et la deuxième paroi de cofferdam (8); et
- au moins une barrière thermiquement isolante (24, 28) d’une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante (2) qui est ancrée dans ledit compartiment (6) contre chacune des parois porteuses définissant le compartiment (6) ; et
- assembler le premier tronçon (11) et le deuxième tronçon (12), la portion de coque externe (3) du premier tronçon (11) et la portion de coque externe (3) du deuxième tronçon (12) étant soudées l’une à l’autre de manière étanche et la première paroi de cofferdam (7) du premier tronçon (11) formant avec la deuxième paroi de cofferdam (8) du deuxième tronçon (12) un espace de cofferdam (9) entre le compartiment (6) du premier tronçon (11) et le compartiment (6) du deuxième tronçon (12).Process for manufacturing a floating structure (1) comprising the following successive steps:
- manufacture a first section (11) and a second section (12) of the floating structure (1), the first section (11) and the second section (12) each comprising:
- an external shell portion (3);
- an internal shell portion (4) comprising a plurality of load-bearing walls defining a compartment (6), the plurality of load-bearing walls comprising a first cofferdam wall (7) and a second cofferdam wall (8) which extend transversely to a longitudinal direction of the floating structure (1), an upper wall (16), a lower wall (17) and side walls (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23), the upper wall (16) , the bottom wall (17) and the side walls (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23) extending longitudinally between the first cofferdam wall (7) and the second cofferdam wall (8); And
- at least one thermally insulating barrier (24, 28) of a waterproof and thermally insulating tank (2) which is anchored in said compartment (6) against each of the load-bearing walls defining the compartment (6); And
- assemble the first section (11) and the second section (12), the outer shell portion (3) of the first section (11) and the outer shell portion (3) of the second section (12) being welded together to each other in a sealed manner and the first cofferdam wall (7) of the first section (11) forming with the second cofferdam wall (8) of the second section (12) a cofferdam space (9) between the compartment (6 ) of the first section (11) and the compartment (6) of the second section (12). - Procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la fabrication du premier tronçon (11) comporte une étape de fixation de renforts structurels (31) contre la première paroi de cofferdam (7) dudit premier tronçon (11), lesdits renforts structurels (31) faisant saillie dans une direction opposée au compartiment (6) dudit premier tronçon (11) et la fabrication du deuxième tronçon (12) comporte une étape de fixation de renforts structurels (31) contre la deuxième paroi de cofferdam (8) dudit deuxième tronçon (12), lesdits renforts structurels (31) faisant saillie dans une direction opposée au compartiment (6) dudit deuxième tronçon (12), et dans lequel, lors de l’assemblage du premier tronçon (11) avec le deuxième tronçon (12), on soude, dans des zones de soudure, les renforts structurels (31) faisant saillie depuis la première paroi de cofferdam (7) du premier tronçon (11) aux renforts structurels (31) faisant saillie depuis la deuxième paroi de cofferdam (8) du deuxième tronçon (12) ou on soude dans des zones de soudure, les renforts structurels (31) faisant saillie depuis la première paroi de cofferdam (7) du premier tronçon (11) et les renforts structurels (31) faisant saillie depuis la deuxième paroi de cofferdam (8) du deuxième tronçon (12) à des renforts intermédiaires liant les renforts structurels de la première et de la deuxième parois de cofferdam (7, 8).Method of manufacturing a floating structure (1) according to claim 1, in which the manufacture of the first section (11) comprises a step of fixing structural reinforcements (31) against the first cofferdam wall (7) of said first section ( 11), said structural reinforcements (31) projecting in a direction opposite to the compartment (6) of said first section (11) and the manufacture of the second section (12) comprises a step of fixing structural reinforcements (31) against the second wall cofferdam (8) of said second section (12), said structural reinforcements (31) projecting in a direction opposite to the compartment (6) of said second section (12), and in which, during the assembly of the first section (11 ) with the second section (12), we weld, in welding zones, the structural reinforcements (31) projecting from the first cofferdam wall (7) of the first section (11) to the structural reinforcements (31) projecting from the second cofferdam wall (8) of the second section (12) where welding zones are welded, the structural reinforcements (31) projecting from the first cofferdam wall (7) of the first section (11) and the structural reinforcements (31) projecting from the second cofferdam wall (8) of the second section (12) to intermediate reinforcements linking the structural reinforcements of the first and second cofferdam walls (7, 8).
- Procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant (1) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel les zones de soudure sont positionnées à une distance supérieure à 100 mm de la première paroi de cofferdam (7) du premier tronçon (11) et de la deuxième paroi de cofferdam (8) du deuxième tronçon (12).Method of manufacturing a floating structure (1) according to claim 2, in which the welding zones are positioned at a distance greater than 100 mm from the first cofferdam wall (7) of the first section (11) and the second cofferdam wall (8) of the second section (12).
- Procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel la fabrication du premier tronçon (11) et la fabrication du deuxième tronçon (12) comportent chacune une étape de fixation d’une membrane d’étanchéité (27, 30), dans le compartiment (6) dudit premier ou deuxième tronçon (12), contre la barrière thermiquement isolante (24, 28).Method of manufacturing a floating structure (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the manufacture of the first section (11) and the manufacture of the second section (12) each comprise a step of fixing a sealing membrane (27, 30), in the compartment (6) of said first or second section (12), against the thermally insulating barrier (24, 28).
- Procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant (1) selon la revendication 4, dans lequel la barrière thermiquement isolante est une barrière thermiquement isolante secondaire (24) et la membrane d’étanchéité est une membrane d’étanchéité secondaire (27) et dans lequel la fabrication du premier tronçon (11) et la fabrication du deuxième tronçon (12) comportent chacune une étape de fixation d’une barrière thermiquement isolante primaire (28) dans le compartiment (6) dudit premier ou deuxième tronçon (12) contre la membrane d’étanchéité secondaire (27).Method of manufacturing a floating structure (1) according to claim 4, in which the thermally insulating barrier is a secondary thermally insulating barrier (24) and the sealing membrane is a secondary sealing membrane (27) and in which the manufacture of the first section (11) and the manufacture of the second section (12) each comprise a step of fixing a primary thermally insulating barrier (28) in the compartment (6) of said first or second section (12) against the membrane secondary sealing (27).
- Procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant (1) selon la revendication 5, dans lequel la fabrication du premier tronçon (11) et la fabrication du deuxième tronçon (12) comportent chacune une étape de fixation d’une membrane d’étanchéité primaire (30) dans le compartiment (6) dudit premier ou deuxième tronçon (12) contre la barrière thermiquement isolante primaire (28).Method of manufacturing a floating structure (1) according to claim 5, in which the manufacture of the first section (11) and the manufacture of the second section (12) each comprise a step of fixing a primary waterproofing membrane ( 30) in the compartment (6) of said first or second section (12) against the primary thermally insulating barrier (28).
- Procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, dans lequel pendant la fabrication du premier tronçon (11) et du deuxième tronçon (12), on teste l’étanchéité de la membrane d’étanchéité (27, 30) du premier tronçon (11) et du deuxième tronçon (12).Method of manufacturing a floating structure (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, in which during the manufacture of the first section (11) and the second section (12), the tightness of the membrane is tested. sealing (27, 30) of the first section (11) and the second section (12).
- Procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel le premier tronçon (11) et le deuxième tronçon (12) sont fabriqués dans une première zone et l’on déplace au moyen d’un engin de levage (32) le premier tronçon (11) et le deuxième tronçon (12) de la première zone vers une cale sèche, le premier tronçon (11) et le deuxième tronçon (12) étant assemblés l’une à l’autre dans la cale sèche.Method of manufacturing a floating structure (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in which the first section (11) and the second section (12) are manufactured in a first zone and are moved by means of a lifting machine (32) the first section (11) and the second section (12) from the first zone towards a dry dock, the first section (11) and the second section (12) being assembled one by one the other in the dry dock.
- Procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant (1) selon la revendication 8, dans lequel la fabrication du premier tronçon (11) et la fabrication du deuxième tronçon (12) comportent une étape d’assemblage et d’ancrage d’une cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante (2) dans le compartiment (6) dudit premier tronçon (11) ou deuxième tronçon (12), ladite cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante (2) présentant un espace interne destiné à recevoir un gaz liquéfié et comportant une paroi de cuve contre chacune des parois porteuses définissant ledit compartiment (6), chaque paroi de cuve présentant une structure multicouche comportant au moins la barrière thermiquement isolante (24, 28) et une membrane d’étanchéité (27, 30) et dans lequel pendant le déplacement du premier tronçon (11) de la première zone vers le cale sèche et/ou l’assemblage du premier tronçon (11) et du deuxième tronçon (12) l’un à l’autre, on génère un différentiel de pression entre une première pression (P1) régnant dans l’espace interne de la cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante (2) du premier tronçon (11) et une deuxième pression (P2, P3) régnant dans la barrière thermiquement isolante (24, 28) de la cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante (2) du premier tronçon (11), la première pression (P1) étant supérieure à la deuxième pression (P2).Method of manufacturing a floating structure (1) according to claim 8, in which the manufacturing of the first section (11) and the manufacturing of the second section (12) comprise a step of assembling and anchoring a watertight tank and thermally insulating (2) in the compartment (6) of said first section (11) or second section (12), said sealed and thermally insulating tank (2) having an internal space intended to receive a liquefied gas and comprising a tank wall against each of the load-bearing walls defining said compartment (6), each tank wall having a multilayer structure comprising at least the thermally insulating barrier (24, 28) and a sealing membrane (27, 30) and in which during the movement of the first section (11) of the first zone towards the dry dock and/or the assembly of the first section (11) and the second section (12) to each other, a pressure differential is generated between a first pressure (P1) prevailing in the internal space of the sealed and thermally insulating tank (2) of the first section (11) and a second pressure (P2, P3) reigning in the thermally insulating barrier (24, 28) of the sealed tank and thermally insulating (2) of the first section (11), the first pressure (P1) being greater than the second pressure (P2).
- Procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant (1) selon la revendication 9, dans lequel le différentiel de pression entre la première pression (P1) et la deuxième pression (P2, P3) est supérieur à 2 kPa, de préférence supérieur ou égal à 5 kPa [.Method of manufacturing a floating structure (1) according to claim 9, in which the pressure differential between the first pressure (P1) and the second pressure (P2, P3) is greater than 2 kPa, preferably greater than or equal to 5 kPa [ .
- Procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant (1) selon la revendication 9 ou 10, dans lequel le différentiel de pression entre la première pression (P1) et la deuxième pression (P2, P3) est compris entre 5 kPa et 25 kPa.Method of manufacturing a floating structure (1) according to claim 9 or 10, in which the pressure differential between the first pressure (P1) and the second pressure (P2, P3) is between 5 kPa and 25 kPa.
- Procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, dans lequel le différentiel de pression est généré en plaçant la barrière thermiquement isolante (24, 28) à une pression inférieure à la pression atmosphérique.Method of manufacturing a floating structure (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 11, in which the pressure differential is generated by placing the thermally insulating barrier (24, 28) at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure.
- Procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 9 à 12, dans lequel le différentiel de pression est généré en plaçant l’espace interne de la cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante (2) à une pression supérieure à la pression atmosphérique.Method of manufacturing a floating structure (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 12, in which the pressure differential is generated by placing the internal space of the sealed and thermally insulating tank (2) at a higher pressure at atmospheric pressure.
- Procédé de fabrication d’un ouvrage flottant (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, dans lequel la fabrication du premier tronçon (11) et la fabrication du deuxième tronçon (12) comportent chacune :
- souder la paroi inférieure (17) et les parois latérales (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23) aux première et deuxième parois de cofferdam (7, 8) ;
- introduire un échafaudage (39) dans le compartiment (6) par une ouverture destinée à être obturée par la paroi supérieure (16) ;
- assembler l’échafaudage (39) dans le compartiment (6) ;
- souder la paroi supérieure (16) aux parois latérales (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23) et aux première et deuxième parois de cofferdam (7, 8) de manière à fermer le compartiment (6) ; et
- ancrer la barrière thermiquement isolante (24, 28) contre chacune des parois porteuses définissant ledit compartiment (6).Method of manufacturing a floating structure (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, in which the manufacturing of the first section (11) and the manufacturing of the second section (12) each comprise:
- weld the bottom wall (17) and the side walls (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23) to the first and second cofferdam walls (7, 8);
- introduce a scaffolding (39) into the compartment (6) through an opening intended to be closed by the upper wall (16);
- assemble the scaffolding (39) in the compartment (6);
- weld the upper wall (16) to the side walls (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23) and to the first and second cofferdam walls (7, 8) so as to close the compartment (6); And
- anchor the thermally insulating barrier (24, 28) against each of the load-bearing walls defining said compartment (6). - Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 14, dans lequel la fabrication du premier tronçon (11) et la fabrication du deuxième tronçon (12) comportent chacune en outre une étape consistant à ancrer la membrane d’étanchéité (27, 30) sur la barrière thermiquement isolante (24,28).Manufacturing method according to claim 14, in which the manufacture of the first section (11) and the manufacture of the second section (12) each further comprise a step consisting of anchoring the sealing membrane (27, 30) to the barrier thermally insulating (24,28).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202380013262.9A CN117881598A (en) | 2022-08-11 | 2023-07-25 | Method for manufacturing a floating structure equipped with tanks for storing liquefied gas |
| KR1020247003063A KR20240023181A (en) | 2022-08-11 | 2023-07-25 | Manufacturing method of floating structure with liquefied gas storage tank |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2208264A FR3138805A1 (en) | 2022-08-11 | 2022-08-11 | Process for manufacturing a floating structure equipped with liquefied gas storage tanks |
| FRFR2208264 | 2022-08-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024033079A1 true WO2024033079A1 (en) | 2024-02-15 |
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ID=83690538
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2023/070595 WO2024033079A1 (en) | 2022-08-11 | 2023-07-25 | Method for manufacturing a floating structure equipped with tanks for storing a liquefied gas |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR20240023181A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN117881598A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR3138805A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024033079A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2276982A1 (en) * | 1974-07-02 | 1976-01-30 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind | Construction of liquid gas tankers - has tanks and hull sections pre-fabricated and assembled to avoid dead spaces |
| FR2691520A1 (en) | 1992-05-20 | 1993-11-26 | Technigaz Ste Nle | Prefabricated structure for forming watertight and thermally insulating walls for containment of a fluid at very low temperature. |
| FR2877638A1 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2006-05-12 | Gaz Transp Et Technigaz Soc Pa | THERMALLY INSULATED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK WITH COMPRESSION-RESISTANT CALORIFYING ELEMENTS |
| CN203402358U (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2014-01-22 | 李一达 | Splicing type boat body structure |
| WO2014057221A2 (en) | 2012-10-09 | 2014-04-17 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Fluidtight and thermally insulated tank comprising a metal membrane that is corrugated in orthogonal folds |
-
2022
- 2022-08-11 FR FR2208264A patent/FR3138805A1/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-07-25 KR KR1020247003063A patent/KR20240023181A/en active Search and Examination
- 2023-07-25 CN CN202380013262.9A patent/CN117881598A/en active Pending
- 2023-07-25 WO PCT/EP2023/070595 patent/WO2024033079A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2276982A1 (en) * | 1974-07-02 | 1976-01-30 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind | Construction of liquid gas tankers - has tanks and hull sections pre-fabricated and assembled to avoid dead spaces |
| FR2691520A1 (en) | 1992-05-20 | 1993-11-26 | Technigaz Ste Nle | Prefabricated structure for forming watertight and thermally insulating walls for containment of a fluid at very low temperature. |
| FR2877638A1 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2006-05-12 | Gaz Transp Et Technigaz Soc Pa | THERMALLY INSULATED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK WITH COMPRESSION-RESISTANT CALORIFYING ELEMENTS |
| WO2014057221A2 (en) | 2012-10-09 | 2014-04-17 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Fluidtight and thermally insulated tank comprising a metal membrane that is corrugated in orthogonal folds |
| CN203402358U (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2014-01-22 | 李一达 | Splicing type boat body structure |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| ANONYMOUS: "The first Type 26 frigate hull - HMS Glasgow coming together", NAVY LOOKOUT, 4 May 2021 (2021-05-04), XP093033661, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.navylookout.com/the-first-type-26-frigate-hull-hms-glasgow-coming-together/> [retrieved on 20230322] * |
| LEE JAE KYU ET AL: "DAS: Intelligent Scheduling Systems for Shipbuilding. Case-Based Collaborative Search View project Bright Internet View project", 1 December 1995 (1995-12-01), XP093034039, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220605411_DAS_Intelligent_Scheduling_Systems_for_Shipbuilding> [retrieved on 20230323] * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20240023181A (en) | 2024-02-20 |
| CN117881598A (en) | 2024-04-12 |
| FR3138805A1 (en) | 2024-02-16 |
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