WO2024021445A1 - Steel rail vibration isolation system - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a steel rail vibration isolation system. The system comprises: a steel rail vibration absorber (170), an under-rail pad plate (114), and a vibration reduction unit. By providing a vibration reduction unit between a track bed (100) and a base (200), and providing an under-rail pad plate (114) made of a rubber material under steel rails (300), the vibration reduction unit and the under-rail pad plate (114) can absorb impact energy from a passing train, and the vibration reduction unit makes it so that the track bed (100) and the base (200) are no longer in rigid connection, allowing for interrupting vibration energy, thereby preventing and reducing the amount of vibration energy transmitted throughout the track line, with the effect of protecting surrounding building facilities, residents, etc.; however, the interrupted portion of the vibration energy will still be transmitted to the steel rails (300) and to the train itself. And by further providing a steel rail vibration absorber (170) on a steel rail (300), the steel rail vibration absorber (170) comprising a vibration absorption wedge block (171) used for absorbing steel rail vibration, a portion of the vibration energy transmitted to the steel rails (300) can be further absorbed, reducing the vibration received by the steel rails (300) and train cars, reducing noise, and thereby improving the riding experience of passengers in the train cars.

Description

Rail vibration isolation system Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of track vibration and noise reduction, and specifically relates to a rail vibration isolation system.

Background technique

When a train runs on the track, the impact energy of its operation will cause severe vibration and noise on the track, seriously affecting the riding experience of passengers on the train, and also affecting the quality of life of residents around the track. At the same time, the stability, safety and service life of rail transit itself will also be affected. Therefore, it is necessary to have technologies and products that can effectively reduce vibration and noise to improve the stability of the structure and ensure the safety of track line operations.

With the development of technology, there are currently a variety of rail vibration reduction products, including vibration pads, steel spring floating plates and other forms. According to the different vibration reduction capabilities, they can be divided into special vibration reduction, high vibration reduction, medium vibration reduction and general vibration reduction. Vibration reduction, etc. The principle of vibration reduction products is to isolate the impact energy during train operation and reduce the transmission of vibration energy to the surrounding lines as much as possible. However, apart from a small part of this vibration energy being converted and absorbed, a considerable part of the vibration energy is still transmitted to the rails and rails. The transmission of train vehicles itself has led to the addition of vibration reduction products on many rail lines. Although the vibration and noise experienced by surrounding buildings and residents have been reduced, the vibration and noise experienced by the train itself have increased, reducing the safety of passengers on the train. Ride experience.

Contents of the invention

The present invention is made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a rail vibration isolation system that combines a variety of vibration reduction and vibration isolation measures to effectively reduce the vibration and noise experienced by surrounding buildings, residents and passengers in the carriage. The present invention The invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a rail vibration isolation system, which is characterized in that it includes: a rail vibration absorber, which is arranged on the rail; an under-rail pad, which is arranged under the rail; and a vibration reduction unit, which is arranged between the track bed and the base. , wherein the rail vibration absorber includes a vibration-absorbing wedge for absorbing vibration, and the vibration-absorbing unit includes an elastic element for absorbing vibration.

The rail vibration isolation system provided by the present invention may also have the following technical features: the rail under-rail pad is made of rubber, the vibration-absorbing wedge is made of rubber, and a metal block is wrapped inside, and the rail vibration absorber It includes: a pair of the vibration-absorbing wedges, which are respectively attached to the waists of both sides of the rail; and at least two clamps, which clamp the pair of the vibration-absorbing wedges on the rail.

The rail vibration isolation system provided by the present invention may also have the following technical features, wherein the rail vibration absorber further includes: at least one counterweight connected to the non-fitting surface of the vibration absorbing wedge, wherein the The counterweight block is made of metal material and weighs 4.5kg.

The rail vibration isolation system provided by the present invention may also have the following technical features, wherein the vibration-absorbing unit is a plurality of open-type vibration isolators, the elastic element is a rubber spring, and the open-type vibration isolation unit The device also includes: an outer sleeve, which is pre-embedded in the plate body, and the rubber spring is arranged below the outer sleeve; a spring support plate is arranged above the rubber spring; a height-adjusting gasket is arranged on the above the spring support plate; and a locking gasket, which is provided above the height-adjusting gasket, is embedded in the outer sleeve, and is connected to the height-adjusting gasket and the spring support plate through a connector. connected together.

The rail vibration isolation system provided by the present invention may also have the following technical features, wherein the vibration damping unit is a plurality of regulatory vibration isolators, and the elastic element includes an upper housing for regulation and a lower shell for regulation. The housing and the rubber spring disposed inside the covering structure formed by fitting the upper housing for regulation and the lower housing for regulation. The regulation type vibration isolator also includes: an outer sleeve, which is pre-buried in the In the plate body, the elastic element is arranged below the outer sleeve; the height-adjusting gasket is arranged above the elastic element; and the locking gasket is arranged above the height-adjusting gasket and fitted It is inside the outer sleeve and is connected with the height-adjusting gasket and the elastic element through a connecting piece.

The rail vibration isolation system provided by the present invention may also have the following technical features, wherein the vibration reduction unit is a plurality of buried vibration isolators, and the elastic element includes a spring-supported upper shell and a spring-supported lower shell. The housing and the rubber spring disposed inside the covering structure formed by fitting the spring-supporting upper housing and the spring-supporting lower housing. The buried vibration isolator also includes: a mounting seat, pre-embedded in the Below the plate body, the upper end of the elastic element is embedded in the mounting seat; a height-adjusting gasket is provided between the elastic element and the base; and a limiting column, one end of which is embedded in the limit of the bottom of the lower housing under the spring support. The bit column is installed in the groove, and the other end is driven into the base for fixation.

The rail vibration isolation system provided by the present invention may also have the following technical features, wherein the vibration damping unit is a plurality of stacked vibration isolators, and the elastic element includes a support tube, a support base, and a support base. There are at least two rubber springs and several spring connection components inside the covering structure formed by the fitting of the support tube and the support base. A plurality of the rubber springs are stacked vertically, and the spring connection components are arranged on two adjacent Between the rubber springs, a plurality of the rubber springs are connected into one body. The superposed vibration isolator also includes: an outer sleeve, which is pre-embedded in the plate body, and the elastic element is arranged on the outer sleeve. Below the sleeve; a height-adjusting gasket is arranged above the elastic element; and a locking gasket is arranged above the height-adjusting gasket and is embedded in the outer sleeve and connected to the outer sleeve through a connector. The height-adjusting gasket and the elastic element are connected together.

The rail vibration isolation system provided by the present invention may also have the following technical features, wherein the vibration damping unit is a rubber track bed vibration damping pad, including: a pad body; and a plurality of vibration damping bosses distributed on the On one surface of the backing plate main body and integrally formed with the backing plate main body, the vibration-absorbing boss is in the shape of a cone, a cylinder or a rib.

Invention functions and effects

The rail vibration isolation system according to the present invention includes a rail vibration absorber, a rail under-rail pad and a vibration reduction unit. Since a vibration damping unit is set up between the track bed and the base, and a rubber under-rail pad is set up under the rail, the impact energy of the train passing through can be absorbed through the damping unit and the under-rail pad, and the damping unit makes There is no longer a rigid connection between the track bed and the base, which can isolate vibration energy, thereby preventing and reducing vibration energy from being transmitted around the track line, and protecting surrounding buildings, facilities, residents, etc. However, part of the isolated vibration energy will go to The rails and train cars themselves carry out the transfer. Furthermore, since a rail vibration absorber is installed on the rail, which contains a vibration-absorbing wedge for absorbing rail vibration, it can further absorb part of the vibration energy transmitted to the rail, reduce the vibration and noise experienced by the rail and the train carriage, and thus also Improve the ride experience for passengers in the car.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a track system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of a rail vibration absorber in use in an example of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rail and the rail vibration absorber in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rail and the vibration-absorbing wedge in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural view of the locking clip in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the rail vibration absorber containing a counterweight in use in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a side view of the partial structure of the track bed vibration-absorbing pad in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a top view of the track system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the track system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the steel spring isolator in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a perspective view of the outer sleeve in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a perspective view of the locking gasket in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Figure 13 is a perspective view of the height-adjusting gasket in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Figure 14 is a three-dimensional structural view of the support tube in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Figure 15 is a top view of the track system in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view of the track system in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Figure 17 is an exploded structural view of an open vibration isolator in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Figure 18 is a perspective view of the outer sleeve in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Figure 19 is a perspective view of the spring support plate in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view of an open vibration isolator in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Figure 21 is a top view of the track system in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view of the track system in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Figure 23 is an exploded structural view of the regulated vibration isolator in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view of the elastic element in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Figure 25 is a top view of the track system in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view of the track system in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

Figure 27 is an exploded structural view of the buried vibration isolator in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

Figure 28 is a cross-sectional view of the elastic element in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

Figure 29 is an exploded structural view of the stacked vibration isolator in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

Figure 30 is an exploded structural view of the elastic element in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view of the elastic element in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

Figure 32 is a perspective view of the support tube in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

Figure 33 is a perspective view of the support base in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

Figure 34 is a perspective view of the spring connector in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

Figure 35 is a cross-sectional view of the spring connector in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

Figure 36 is an enlarged view of the portion within frame A in Figure 28;

Figure 37 is a cross-sectional view of the top stopper in this embodiment.

Detailed ways

In order to make it easy to understand the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention, the rail vibration isolation system of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and drawings.

<Example 1>

As shown in FIG. 1 , the track system 10 includes a base 200 , a track bed 100 disposed on the base 200 , a rail 300 placed on the track bed 100 , and a rail vibration isolation system.

Among them, the base 200 is a reinforced concrete foundation base plate, and the track bed 100 is a concrete track bed, which is composed of a plurality of rectangular plates 111 connected end to end, with a predetermined gap (slab seam) between two adjacent plates 111. A plurality of pairs of sleepers 112 are evenly spaced on the plate body 111, and the sleepers 112 are provided with buckle fittings 113 and rubber under-rail pads 114. The rail 300 is placed on the sleeper 112 through the buckle fittings 113 and the rail under-rail pad 114, and is fixed through the buckle fittings 113.

The rail vibration isolation system includes a plurality of rail vibration absorbers 170 disposed on the rail 300, a plurality of rail under-rail pads 114 disposed below the rail 300, and a plurality of vibration reduction units disposed between the track bed 100 and the base 200. In this implementation In this example, the vibration damping unit is the track bed vibration damping pad 190.

As shown in Figure 2, the rail vibration absorber 170 is installed on the rail 300 and includes a pair of vibration absorbing wedges 171 and two locking clamps 172. The locking clamps 172 clamp the pair of vibration absorbing wedges 171 on both sides of the rail 300. . The rail vibration absorber 170 is mainly used to absorb the lateral vibration of the rail.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the vibration absorbing wedge 171 has a side fitting surface 1711 , a bottom fitting surface 1712 and a non-fitting surface 1713 .

The rail 300 is an I-shaped rail with concave rail waists 301 on both sides, and the rail waist 201 has a specific arc structure. The side fitting surface 1711 and the bottom fitting surface 1712 are shaped to match the rail waist 301, so that the vibration-absorbing wedge 171 can be placed snugly in the rail waist 301. After being snugly placed, the non-fitting surface 1713 faces away. One side of the rail 300 and the fitting surface 1713 are approximately perpendicular to the ground. Two positioning grooves 1713a are provided in the middle of the non-fitting surface 1713. The positioning grooves 1713a are wedge-shaped grooves with a bottom area smaller than the groove opening. The extending direction of the positioning grooves 1713a is consistent with the length direction of the vibration-absorbing wedge 171, and The length of the positioning groove 1713a is less than the length of the vibration-absorbing wedge 171, that is, the positioning groove 1713a does not penetrate through both ends of the vibration-absorbing wedge 171 in the length direction.

As shown in Figure 4, the vibration-absorbing wedge 171 is an integral rubber-metal composite component. Its wedge body 1714 is made of vulcanized rubber. There are multiple metal blocks 1715 wrapped inside the rubber to increase the strength of the vibration-absorbing wedge 171. Overall weight. Since the absorption efficiency of vibrations of a specific frequency is related to the overall weight of the vibration-absorbing wedge 171 , a better rail vibration-absorbing effect can be achieved by adjusting the overall weight of the vibration-absorbing wedge 171 through the metal block 1715 . In addition, the three metal blocks 1715 are evenly spaced in the vertical direction, so the three metal blocks 1715 and the rubber part between the metal blocks 1715 form a damping body, which can also achieve better rail vibration absorption effect.

The three metal blocks 1715 in Figure 4 are evenly spaced in the vertical direction. Multiple metal blocks 1715 in the vibration-absorbing wedge 171 can also be arranged inside the vibration-absorbing wedge 171 near the bottom fitting surface 1712, so that the vibration-absorbing wedges The overall center of gravity of the 171 is lower. In this way, when the vibration-absorbing wedge 171 is attached to the waist 301 of the rail, the vibration-absorbing wedge 171 can be fixed at that position without external force due to its own structure, without slipping, thus making assembly easier.

In addition, the vibration-absorbing wedge 171 may also be a split-type, plastic-impregnated or unwrapped type vibration-absorbing wedge. Among them, the split type can adopt the structure disclosed in CN212560946U, for example, that is, the vibration-absorbing wedge includes a rubber gasket and a rubber block, and the rubber block is attached to the waist of the rail through the rubber gasket; the dip-molded type is manufactured using a dip-molding process as shown in Figure 4 The vibration-absorbing wedge shows a structure, and the dip-molding process can make the mechanical properties of the vibration-absorbing wedge better; the unwrapped type can adopt the structure disclosed in CN214882632U, for example, that is, the vibration-absorbing wedge is a metal block without rubber wrapping, and the surface of the metal block can be Do anti-corrosion treatment such as galvanizing. The specific structures of the above forms of vibration-absorbing wedges are all in the prior art, and therefore will not be described again.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the locking clip 172 includes a bracket 1721 , two sets of locking assemblies 1722 and a pair of positioning blocks 1723 .

The bracket 1721 is an integrally formed piece made of steel or aluminum alloy material. The bracket 1721 is generally U-shaped and has a square cross-section. The bracket 1721 has a pair of support arms 17211 and a connecting section 17212 connected between the pair of support arms 17211. The pair of support arms 17211 are arranged parallel to each other and are both perpendicular to the connecting section 17212. The connection portion between the support arm 17211 and the connecting section 17212 has a convex structure protruding toward the inside of the U-shape as a reinforcing rib.

In this embodiment, the overall length of the bracket 1721 in the width direction of the rail 300 is 200mm~225mm; the distance between a pair of support arms 17211 (the distance in the width direction of the rail 300) is 160mm~185mm; the support arm 17211 is on the rail The length in the height direction of 300 is 110mm. The overall thickness of the bracket 1721 is 16mm˜20mm.

The support arm 17211 is provided with a plurality of countersunk holes for installing the locking assembly 1722 . The locking assembly 122 is used to fix the positioning block 123 on the support arm 1211. Each set of locking components 1722 includes two locking bolts 17221, two locking nuts 17222, and two lock washers. The locking bolt 17221 is installed in the countersunk hole, and its nut end is embedded in the countersunk hole. The locking nut 17222 is set on the locking bolt 17221, and the anti-loosening washer is provided between the locking nut 17222 and the support arm 17211.

The positioning block 1723 is used to fit and compress the vibration absorbing wedge 171 . The positioning block 1723 is made of rubber. Its surface facing the vibration-absorbing wedge 171 is hump-shaped and has two positioning protrusions 17231. The shape and arrangement of the two positioning protrusions 17231 are consistent with the two positioning recesses on the vibration-absorbing wedge 171. The grooves 1713a are matched so that the positioning block 1723 can be fitted with the non-fitting surface 1713 of the vibration-absorbing wedge 171 . Therefore, after tightening the locking bolt 17221, the positioning block 1723 can not only press the vibration-absorbing wedge 171 toward the rail 300 in the horizontal direction, but also can The vibration absorbing wedge 171 is limited in the vertical direction.

When installing the rail vibration absorber 170, place a pair of vibration absorbing wedges 171 on both sides of the rail 300 respectively, pass the locking clamp 172 through the bottom of the rail 300, and rotate it to stand up, even if the U-shaped locking clamp 172 With the opening facing upward, surround the rail 300, and then use an Allen wrench to tighten the locking bolt 17221 and locking nut 17222.

The rail vibration absorber 170 has the most significant attenuation effect on the vertical rail vibration of 200Hz to 400Hz, and the optimal operating frequency is about 250Hz; it has the most significant attenuation effect on the lateral rail vibration of 100Hz to 500Hz, and the optimal operating frequency band is 100Hz to 200Hz. In addition, the rail vibration absorber 170 can also be provided with additional counterweights to adjust the vibration absorption effect.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the counterweight blocks 173 are square metal blocks with anti-corrosion treatment (such as galvanizing) on their surfaces. The weight of each counterweight block 173 is 4.5kg. The counterweight block 173 is provided with two through holes 1731, and the vibration absorbing wedge block 171 is provided with two counterweight block installation holes at corresponding positions. Align the through holes 1731 with the counterweight block installation holes, and then screw in the bolts. Connect the counterweight 173 to the vibration absorbing wedge 171 . In addition, the length of the counterweight 173 is smaller than the length of the positioning groove 1713 a of the vibration-absorbing wedge 171 , so the counterweight 173 can be installed between the two locking clips 172 . In Figure 5, one counterweight block 173 is installed. Multiple counterweight blocks 173 can also be provided as needed. The plurality of counterweight blocks 173 are superposedly installed on the non-fitting surface 1713 of the vibration-absorbing wedge 171.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the track bed vibration damping pad 190 is a pad made of rubber material, which includes a pad body 191 and a plurality of vibration damping bosses 192 . Among them, the backing plate main body 191 is a rectangular solid flat plate structure with a certain thickness.

A plurality of vibration-absorbing bosses 192 are formed on the same surface of the pad body 191 , are evenly distributed in a matrix, and are integrally formed with the pad body 191 ; the other surface of the pad body 191 is flat. The damping bosses 192 are all in the shape of a cone. In an alternative, the damping bosses 192 can also be in the shape of a cylinder or a rib.

The installation method of the track bed vibration damping pad 190 is: first lay a layer of isolation film made of soft polyethylene material on the surface of the base 200, and then lay a layer of track bed vibration damping pad 190 on the isolation film. The area should be larger than the area of the isolation film. Subsequently, the prefabricated plate body 111 is hoisted and laid above the track bed vibration damping pad 190. The track bed vibration damping pad 190 and both sides of the width direction of the plate body 111 are fixed by riveting.

The under-rail pads 114 are arranged under the rails 300 on both sides and are also used to reduce the longitudinal vibration of the rails 300. The structure of the under-rail pad 114 is basically the same as that of the track bed vibration-absorbing pad 190, that is, it includes a rectangular plate-shaped main body and a plurality of bosses evenly distributed on one surface of the main body. The sizes of the bosses of the under-rail pad 114 are relatively similar. smaller.

In this embodiment, the following comparative tests were conducted: for the track using the track bed vibration damping pad 190 alone and the track using the rail vibration isolation system in this embodiment, the vertical and lateral vibration attenuation rates of the rail were tested respectively; and the rails were tested respectively. The noise from the side and inside the train compartment is measured. The measuring points inside the train compartment are set above the bogie of the passenger compartment and in the middle of the passenger compartment.

After testing, compared with using the track bed vibration damping pad 190 alone, using the rail vibration isolation system of this embodiment, the maximum increase in the vertical vibration attenuation rate of the rail is 1.4dB/m, and the increase rate is 330%; the lateral vibration attenuation The maximum increase in rate is 1.9dB/m, and the increase rate is 456%. Beside the rails, the maximum noise value is reduced by 2.8dB, and the average value is reduced by 1.3dB; above the bogie of the passenger compartment, the maximum noise value is reduced by 2.1dB, and the average value is reduced by 2.2dB; in the middle of the passenger compartment, the maximum noise value is reduced by 1.1dB, and the average value is reduced by 1.1dB. The value is reduced by 0.7dB.

Functions and effects of Embodiment 1

The rail vibration isolation system provided according to this embodiment includes a rail vibration absorber 170, a rail under-rail pad 114, and a track bed vibration damping pad 190. Since the track bed vibration damping pad 190 made of rubber and having a plurality of vibration damping bosses 192 is laid between the track bed 100 and the base 200, and the under-rail pad 114 of a similar structure is laid below the rail 300, the track bed can be reduced through the track bed 190. The vibration pad 190 and the under-rail pad 114 absorb the impact energy when the train passes by, and the track bed vibration damping pad 190 makes the track bed 100 and the base 200 no longer rigidly connected, which can isolate the vibration energy and avoid and reduce the vibration energy to the track line. It is transmitted around, protecting surrounding buildings, facilities, residents, etc. However, part of the vibration energy of the partition will be transmitted to the rails and train vehicles themselves. Furthermore, since the rail vibration absorber 170 is provided on the rail 300, which has a rubber-metal composite structure vibration-absorbing wedge 171 that fits on the waist of the rail 300, it can further absorb part of the vibration energy transmitted to the rail 300 and reduce the vibration energy of the rail 300. and the vibration and noise experienced by train vehicles, thereby also improving the riding experience of passengers in the carriage.

In the embodiment, after comparative testing, compared with using the track bed vibration isolation pad 190 alone, using the rail vibration isolation system of this embodiment, the vibration attenuation rate of the rail is significantly improved, and the noise beside the rail and in the carriage is significantly reduced, so it can Significantly improve the ride experience of passengers in the car.

<Embodiment 2>

This embodiment provides a rail vibration isolation system. Compared with Embodiment 1, the difference is that the vibration reduction unit of this embodiment is a steel spring isolator.

As shown in Figures 7-8, a plurality of steel spring isolators 160 are embedded in the plate body 111 of the track bed 100.

A plurality of steel spring isolators 160 are arranged in a pair of two along the length direction of the plate body 111. A pair of steel spring isolators 160 are respectively located below the two rails 300, and when viewed from the plane, each Each steel spring isolator 160 is arranged between two adjacent sleepers 112 and the rail 300 , and the upper end surface of the steel spring isolator 160 is exposed from one side of the rail 300 .

In this embodiment, the plate body 111 is a concrete slab cast on site with a size of 24970mm×3300mm×345mm (length×width×thickness). On the plate body 111, 42 pairs of sleepers 112 are evenly spaced along its length direction. , the distance between two adjacent pairs of sleepers 112 is 595mm.

The steel spring isolators 160 are embedded in the plate body 111 in a group of two, and the two steel spring isolators 160 in a group are respectively located close to the two rails. Viewed from a plan view, each steel spring isolator 160 is disposed between two adjacent sleepers 112 , and its upper end is exposed from one side of the rail 300 .

In this embodiment, 18 pairs of steel spring isolators 160 are embedded in each plate 111. The distance between two adjacent pairs of steel spring isolators 160 is 1785mm, 1195mm, 1785mm, 1195mm, 1785mm, ... …and so on.

As shown in FIG. 10 , the steel spring isolator 160 includes an outer sleeve 161 , a locking washer 162 , a height-adjusting washer 163 , an elastic element 164 and a protective cover 165 .

As shown in Figure 11, the outer sleeve 161 is made of metal material and has a through-type circular cylindrical structure. The overall height (ie, the length of the outer sleeve 161) is consistent with the thickness of the plate body 111, so its two ends are open. They are respectively exposed from both sides of the plate body 111 . The inner wall of the outer sleeve 161 has three radially protruding inner barrel convex portions 1611. Due to structural obstruction, only one of the inner barrel convex portions 1611 is shown in Figure 10. In fact, there are three inner barrel convex portions. 1611 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall and located at the same height, that is, forming the same shape as the upper port of the outer sleeve 161 .

In addition, the outer sleeve 161 is a pre-embedded outer sleeve, which is embedded in the concrete slab 111 when the concrete slab 111 is poured. To this end, two pairs of fixing pins 1614 are provided on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 161. The pins 1614 are arranged at different heights on the outer sleeve 161, and their extension directions are perpendicular to each other, that is, they are arranged in a crisscross manner, and are used for binding and fixing in reinforced concrete slabs. The lower end of the outer sleeve 161 has a ring of outwardly protruding flange 1615, forming a skirt structure for increasing the adhesion and bearing capacity of the pre-embedded outer sleeve.

As shown in FIG. 12 , the locking washer 162 is used to lock the height-adjusting washer 163 and the elastic element 164 within the outer sleeve 161 . The locking washer 162 is a sheet-shaped piece of metal material and has three arc-shaped protrusions of the locking piece 1621, so that the shape of the locking washer 162 is consistent with the inner wall of the outer sleeve 161 at the lifting step 1612. Matching, specifically, the shape of the locking gasket 162 is basically consistent with the shape of the inner wall of the outer sleeve 161 at the inner convex portion 1611 of the sleeve, and the size is slightly smaller than the inner wall here. A first relief hole 1622 is provided in the middle of the locking washer 162 for inserting corresponding installation tools when installing the vibration isolator. The locking washer 162 also has three radially extending first installation grooves 1623, all of which are connected to the first relief hole 1622 in the middle for installing connectors. The extension directions of the locking piece protrusions 1621 and the first installation groove 1623 are staggered, and the extension line of the first installation groove 1623 is located between the two locking piece protrusions 1621 . The thickness of locking washer 162 is 10mm.

As shown in FIG. 13 , the height adjustment washer 163 is used to adjust the installation height of the elastic element 164 so that the height everywhere on the surface of the board 111 can comply with the design data. The outer contour shape of the height-adjusting washer 163 is consistent with the locking washer 162, and has three height-adjusting sheet protrusions 1631, which will not be described again. A circular second relief hole 1632 is opened in the middle of the height-adjusting gasket 163, and has three second installation grooves 1633 extending radially and communicating with the second relief hole 1632. The height-adjusting piece protrusion 1631 is in the extending direction of the second installation groove 1633 .

As shown in FIG. 10 , the elastic element 164 includes a support tube 1641 , a support base 1642 , a pair of spring end stoppers 1643 , a first steel spring 1644 and a second steel spring 1645 .

As shown in Figure 14, the support tube 1641 is made of metal material and is used to provide support for the upper ends of the first steel spring 1644 and the second steel spring 1645. The support tube 1641 has a semi-enclosed structure and includes a plate-shaped top 16411 and a cylindrical portion 16412.

The outer contour shape of the plate-shaped top 16411 is consistent with the height-adjusting gasket 163 , and its thickness is thicker than the height-adjusting gasket 163 . There is a circular top relief groove 16411a in the middle of the top surface of the plate-shaped top 16411, which is used to make way for installation tools during installation. There are three top mounting holes 16411b distributed around the top relief groove 16411a, and their position distribution corresponds to The ends of the three first installation grooves 1633 of the height-adjusting gasket 163 are also used for insertion of installation tools during installation. There is a circular stopper embedding groove in the middle of the lower surface of the plate-shaped top 16411 for installing the spring end stopper 1643.

Due to the distribution of the three top mounting holes 16411b on the top of the support tube 1641, the ends of the three second mounting grooves 1533 on the height-adjusting gasket 163, and the ends of the three first mounting grooves 1623 on the locking gasket 162 They are all consistent, so during installation, these mounting holes and mounting grooves can be aligned respectively to form three vertically penetrating connector mounting holes, so that connectors can be installed to fasten the three together. In this embodiment, the connecting parts are bolts and nuts.

The support base 1642 is also made of metal material, has a circular cover shape, and is used to provide support for the lower ends of the first steel spring 1644 and the second steel spring 1645 . The outer diameter of the support base 1642 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 16412, so the support base 1642 and the support tube 1641 are slidably fitted. The bottom of the support base 1642 has a circular mounting hole for setting the limiting column 167 .

A pair of spring end stoppers 1643 are respectively provided at the middle of the inner top surface of the support tube 1641 and the middle of the inner bottom surface of the support base 1642. As shown in Figure 3, the cross-section of the spring end limiter 1643 is generally T-shaped, and it has a first cylindrical section 16431 and a second cylindrical section 16432, and the diameter of the second cylindrical section 16432 is smaller than the first cylindrical section 16431, so The middle portion of the end face of the first cylindrical section 16431 extends out. Therefore, one annular end of the second steel spring 1645 can be sleeved on the second cylindrical section 16432 and abut against the first cylindrical section 16431, thereby limiting both ends of the second steel spring 1645. In addition, a cylindrical protrusion is formed on the other side of the first cylindrical section 16431, and the cylindrical protrusion of the upper spring end stopper 1643 is fitted and fixed in the stopper embedding groove on the inner top surface of the support tube 1641. The cylindrical protrusion of the lower spring end stopper 1643 is fitted and fixed in the circular mounting hole on the inner bottom surface of the support base 1642.

The first steel spring 1644 and the second steel spring 1645 are both arranged inside the covering space formed by the fitting of the support tube 1641 and the support base 1642. Among them, the overall diameter of the first steel spring 1644 is larger than the second steel spring 1645, and the overall diameter of the first steel spring 1644 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the support base 1642, and its two ends are respectively embedded in the support tube 1641 and the support base 1642. The second steel spring 1645 is set in the first steel spring 1644.

The first steel spring 1644 and the second steel spring 1645 are both made of wound steel bars. The diameter of the steel bars of the first steel spring 1644 is larger than that of the second steel spring 1645. The steel bars of the second steel spring 1645 are wound. Make more turns.

The protective cover 165 is a plate-shaped piece made of metal, and its outer contour shape is consistent with the shape of the upper end surface of the outer sleeve 161. It is used to cover the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 161 after the vibration isolator is installed to prevent dust, Debris, etc. enter through the upper opening, which affects the vibration reduction effect and service life of the vibration isolator.

The limiting column 167 is a pin-shaped metal piece used to limit the steel spring isolator 160 laterally. One end of the limiting column 167 is fitted into the circular mounting hole at the bottom of the supporting base 1642, and the other end is driven into the base 200 for fixation.

During track construction, the steel spring isolator 160 is installed according to the following steps:

First, multiple outer sleeves 161 are pre-placed in the steel frame of the plate body 111, thereby pouring to form the plate body 111 with the outer sleeves 161 pre-embedded; then the plate body 111 is lifted up by the lifting equipment, and the outer sleeves 161 are Put the elastic element 164 and the height-adjusting washer 163 into the upper opening of 161 in turn, rotate them 60 degrees, and then put the plate body 111 down. At this time, the three protrusions of the elastic element 164 and the height-adjusting washer 163 are in place. They are respectively in contact with the three inner protrusions 1611 in the outer sleeve 161 to form a support structure; then, the locking gasket 162 is put in from the upper opening of the outer sleeve 161, and the locking gasket 162 is tightened through bolts and nuts. 162. Connect the height-adjusting gasket 163 and the elastic element 164 together, and install the protective cover 165 to complete the installation of the steel spring isolator 160.

After testing, compared with using the steel spring isolator 160 alone, using the rail vibration isolation system of this embodiment, the maximum increase in the vertical vibration attenuation rate of the track bed is 2.8dB/m, and the increase rate is 598%; the lateral vibration The maximum increase in attenuation rate is 2.9dB/m, and the increase rate is 967%. Beside the rails, the maximum noise value is reduced by 7.3dB, and the average value is reduced by 6.0dB; above the bogie of the passenger compartment, the maximum noise value is reduced by 2.3dB, and the average value is reduced by 3.6dB; in the middle of the passenger compartment, the maximum noise value is reduced by 2.4dB, and the average value is reduced by 2.4dB. The value is reduced by 3.7dB.

Functions and Effects of Embodiment 2

According to the rail vibration isolation system provided in this embodiment, since the plate body 111 of the track bed 100 is placed on the base 200 through the steel spring isolator 160, that is, using point support to form a floating plate form, it can better To avoid and reduce the transmission of vibration energy to the surroundings of the track lines, and correspondingly, more part of the vibration energy is transmitted to the rails and train vehicles themselves. Therefore, when using the rail vibration isolation system of this embodiment and adding rail vibration absorbers 170, this After part of the energy is absorbed, the vibration and noise reduction effect in the rails and train carriages is more obvious, which can significantly improve the riding experience of passengers in the carriages.

<Embodiment 3>

This embodiment provides a rail vibration isolation system. Compared with the second embodiment, the difference is that the vibration reduction unit of this embodiment is an open vibration isolator containing a rubber spring.

As shown in Figures 15-16, the plate body 111 of this embodiment is a rectangular concrete prefabricated plate with a size of 4690mm×3000mm×411mm (length×width×thickness). The plate body 111 is evenly spaced along its length direction. Eight pairs of sleepers 112 are provided on the ground, and the distance between two adjacent pairs of sleepers 112 is 595mm.

The open vibration isolators 120 are also arranged in groups of two along the length direction of the plate body 111 , and each open vibration isolator 120 is located between two adjacent sleepers 112 on one side of the rail 300 . The difference is that three pairs of open isolators 120 are embedded in each plate 111 and are evenly spaced. The distance between two adjacent pairs is 1785 mm.

As shown in FIG. 17 , the open vibration isolator 120 includes an outer sleeve 121 , a rubber spring 122 , a spring support plate 123 , a height-adjusting gasket 124 , a locking gasket 125 , a protective cover 126 and a plurality of connectors 127 .

As shown in FIG. 18 , the outer sleeve 121 is made of metal (cast iron) and has a through-type cylindrical structure. The overall height (ie, the length of the outer sleeve 121 ) is consistent with the thickness of the plate body 111 . The outer sleeve 121 can be divided into an upper guide section 1211 and a lower support section 1212 along its length direction.

The guide section 1211 is used to place the spring support plate 123, the height-adjusting gasket 124, and the locking gasket 125 during installation, and plays a guiding role when these plates slide down. The cross-sectional shape of the guide section 1211 is a triangular flange structure, and is formed with three stepped inner barrel protrusions 12111 that protrude radially inwards. The three inner barrel protrusions 12111 are along the central axis of the outer sleeve 121. Evenly distributed.

Specifically, the inner convex portion 12111 extends along the length direction of the outer sleeve 121 , with one end extending to the upper end of the outer sleeve 121 and the other end located at a lower position inside the outer sleeve 121 . The support section 1212 is in a circular tube shape, so the other end of the bulge 12111 in the tube and the support section 1212 form a support step 12111a, which is used to provide support for the rubber spring 122. In addition, a surface of the inner barrel convex portion 12111 that is parallel to the central axis of the outer barrel 121 has a certain curvature.

The upper end of the outer sleeve 121 has three upper end protrusions 1213 that protrude radially outward. The upper end protrusions 1213 are provided with protective cover connection holes for supporting and connecting the protective cover 126 . The lower end of the outer sleeve 121 has a circle of outwardly protruding flange 1214, forming a skirt-like structure. The outer sleeve 121 is also a pre-embedded outer sleeve, which is pre-embedded in the plate body 111 when the plate body 111 is manufactured. The upper end protrusion 1213 and the flange 1214 can increase the adhesion and bearing capacity of the outer sleeve 121 .

The rubber spring 122 is arranged below the outer sleeve 121, and its upper and lower ends are in the shape of a circular plate, and both the upper and lower ends are wrapped with circular metal plates, so that the rubber spring 122 can be stressed more evenly. The middle portion of spring 122 contracts radially inward. The thickness of the rubber spring 122 in the unstressed state (ie, its initial height) is 150mm-750mm. In addition, the rubber spring 122 has various stiffness specifications. During the production process, the stiffness of the rubber spring 122 can be adjusted by adjusting the rubber composition and production parameters.

As shown in Figure 19, the spring support plate 123 is used to provide support for the upper end of the rubber spring 122, and plays a role in supporting and load transmission for the entire track bed system. The spring support plate 123 is made of metal, and its main body is generally in the shape of a circular plate, and has three support plate protrusions 1231 so that the cross-sectional shape of the spring support plate 123 matches the cross-section of the guide section 1211 of the outer sleeve 121 , specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the spring support plate 123 is basically consistent with the shape of the inner wall of the guide section 1211, and the size is slightly smaller than the shape of the inner wall of the guide section 1211. The thickness of the main part of the spring support plate 123 is 25mm-30mm, and the thickness of the three support plate protrusions 1231 is thicker than the main part. Therefore, a hole for covering the upper end of the rubber spring 122 is formed on one side of the spring support plate 123. structure. In addition, the spring support plate 123 is provided with three mounting holes 1232, the positions of which correspond to the three support plate protrusions 1231, respectively, for installing the connecting parts 127. In this embodiment, the connecting parts 127 are bolts and nuts.

The structures of the height-adjusting gasket 124, the locking gasket 125, and the protective cover 126 are the same as those in the second embodiment and will not be described again. Similarly, during installation, the mounting grooves and mounting holes on the spring support plate 123, the height-adjusting gasket 124, and the locking gasket 125 can form a connector mounting hole that penetrates in the vertical direction, so that the connector 127 can be installed. Fasten these three panels together. In addition, the outer contour shapes of the spring support plate 123, the height-adjusting washer 124, and the locking washer 125 are all consistent and match the inner wall shape of the guide section 1211, so these plates can be moved from the upper end of the outer sleeve 121 Put it in through the opening, and slide it down to the support section 1212 while maintaining the angle when it is put in under the guidance of the guide section 1211 to facilitate installation.

As shown in Figure 20, after the installation is completed, the spring support plate 123, the height adjustment gasket 124, and the locking gasket 125 are fixed in the outer sleeve 121. The upper end of the rubber spring 122 abuts the spring support plate 123, and the lower end abuts the base 200. Then, a certain gap is formed between the plate body 111 and the base 200, that is, a floating plate form is formed.

The installation method of the open type vibration isolator 120 is basically the same as in the second embodiment, that is, after the plate body 111 is raised, the rubber spring 122, the spring support plate 123, and the height-adjusting gasket 124 are sequentially put in from the upper opening of the outer sleeve 121. , the spring support plate 123 and the height-adjusting gasket 124 need to be rotated 60 degrees. After the plate body 111 is put down, the locking gasket 125 is put in and these plates are connected together, which will not be described again. In this embodiment, other structures and principles are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be described again.

Functions and effects of Embodiment 3

According to the rail vibration isolation system provided in this embodiment, since the open vibration isolator 120 including the rubber spring 122 is used to form a floating plate, a stronger vibration absorption effect can be achieved. Moreover, the stiffness of the rubber spring 122 can be adjusted through its formula and manufacturing process parameters. Compared with steel springs, its stiffness is easier to adjust and can be applied to more working conditions.

<Embodiment 4>

This embodiment provides a rail vibration isolation system. Compared with Embodiment 2, the difference is that the rail vibration isolation system of this embodiment is arranged in a tunnel track, and the vibration reduction unit of this embodiment is a rubber spring. Standard vibration isolator.

As shown in Figures 21-22, the track system 10 of this embodiment is arranged in a circular tunnel. The lower part of the plate body 111 has two inclined planes. From the cross-sectional view, two missing corners are formed on both sides of the plate body 111, which are in line with the circular tunnel. The shape of the bottom matches. In this embodiment, the size of the plate body 111 is 25000mm×3300mm×340mm (length×width×thickness). On the plate body 111, 42 pairs of sleepers 112 are evenly spaced along its length direction. Two pairs of adjacent sleepers 112 are The spacing between them is 595mm.

The regulated vibration isolators 130 are also arranged in groups of two along the length direction of the plate body 111 , and each open vibration isolator 130 is located between two adjacent sleepers 112 on one side of the rail 300 . The difference is that each plate 111 is embedded with 15 pairs of regulated vibration isolators 130. In the middle of the plate 111, the regulated vibration isolators 130 are evenly spaced, and the distance between two adjacent pairs is 1785mm. , at both ends of the length direction of the plate body 111, two pairs of regulated vibration isolators 130 are densely arranged, and the distance between the two pairs is 1195mm. At both ends of the plate body 111, due to the existence of cross-sections, relatively larger vibrations will be generated when the train passes by. Through such an arrangement of vibration isolators, the vibrations experienced by the track bed 100 can be evened out.

As shown in FIG. 23 , the regulated vibration isolator 130 includes an outer sleeve 131 , an elastic element 132 , a height-adjusting gasket 133 , a locking gasket 134 , a plurality of connectors 135 , a limiting column 136 and a protective cover 137 . The structures of the outer sleeve 131, the height-adjusting gasket 133, the locking gasket 134, and the protective cover 137 are the same as those in the third embodiment and will not be described again.

As shown in FIG. 24 , the elastic element 132 includes an upper housing 1321 for regulation, a lower housing 1322 for regulation, and a rubber spring 1323 .

The upper housing 1321 for regulation is made of metal material, has a non-circular cover shape, and has three outwardly protruding support parts 13211. The upper end surface of the regulatory upper housing 1321 has a circular relief groove 13212, which is used to provide space for corresponding tools during installation; the inner surface has a circular embedding groove 13213, and the shape and size of the embedding groove 13213 are consistent with The upper end of the rubber spring 1323 matches. In addition, the inner diameter of the upper regulating housing 1321 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the lower regulating housing 1322 .

The lower housing 1322 for regulation is also made of metal and has a circular cover shape. The inner diameter of the lower housing 1322 for regulation matches the lower end of the rubber spring 1323. The outer periphery of the regulation lower housing 1322 has two annular rubber ring grooves 13221 for fitting and installing the limiting rubber ring 1324. The middle part of the bottom surface of the lower housing 1322 for regulation has a circular limiting column installation groove 13222 for setting the limiting column 136. The limiting column 136 is also embedded in the base 200 to limit the level of the elastic element 132 relative to the base 200. Displacement. The structure of the rubber spring 1323 is the same as in Embodiment 3.

When assembled into the elastic element 132, the upper housing 1321 for regulation and the lower housing 1322 for regulation are fitted, the limiting rubber ring 1324 is fitted in the rubber ring groove 13221 of the lower housing 1322 for regulation, and the limiting rubber ring 1324 protrudes outward from the rubber ring groove 13221, and the protruding part of the limiting rubber ring 1324 abuts the inner surface of the upper regulatory housing 1321, thereby forming a horizontal limit on the upper and lower housings.

The rubber spring 1323 is disposed inside the covering space formed by fitting. The upper end of the rubber spring 1323 is fitted in the embedding groove 13211 of the upper regulation housing 1321 and is fixed by bonding; the lower end of the rubber spring 1323 is fitted in the The lower housing 1322 for regulation is also fixed by bonding, thereby forming an elastic element 132 with an elastic buffering effect as a whole.

The limiting column 136 is a pin-shaped metal part. During installation, the upper end of the limiting column 136 is inserted into the limiting column installation groove 13222 of the lower housing 1322 for regulation, and the lower end is driven into the base 200 for fixation, thereby horizontally moving the elastic element 132 Limit.

The installation method of the regulated vibration isolator 130 is basically the same as that in the second embodiment, and will not be described again.

Functions and Effects of Embodiment 4

According to the rail vibration isolation system provided in this embodiment, the regulated vibration isolator 130 containing a rubber spring is used in the form of a floating plate, so it can achieve the same vibration and noise reduction effect as in the third embodiment.

In addition, rubber springs generally have degrees of freedom in multiple directions such as vertical, transverse, longitudinal, and torsional. In the regulated vibration isolator 130 of this embodiment, the rubber spring 1323 is provided in the upper housing 1321 for regulation and the lower shell for regulation. Inside the covering structure formed by the fitting of the body 1322, the lateral and longitudinal degrees of freedom of the rubber spring 1323 are reasonably restrained through the covering structure, which is equivalent to strengthening the lateral stiffness of the rubber spring 1323, so that the rubber spring 1323 can stabilize the , ideal vibration damping effect, and can extend the service life of rubber spring 1323.

In addition, the elastic element 132 including the rubber spring 1323 can be pre-assembled and only needs to be installed as a whole during track construction, so it is easy to install and maintain, and can improve the overall efficiency of track construction.

<Embodiment 5>

This embodiment provides a rail vibration isolation system. Compared with Embodiment 2, the difference is that the rail vibration isolation system of this embodiment is arranged in an elevated track, and the vibration reduction unit of this embodiment includes a rubber spring. Buried vibration isolator.

As shown in Figures 25-26, the track system 10 of this embodiment is set on an elevated structure. The elevated structure is a 30m beam. The plate body 111 includes two types: P3500 type and P4700 type. For the 30m beam, 7 P3500 type plate bodies are laid. And 1 P4700 type plate body. Among them, the size of the P3500 type plate body is 3500mm×2400mm×260mm (length×width×thickness), with 6 sleepers 112 arranged at equal intervals on it; the size of the P4700 type plate body is 4700mm×2400mm×260mm (length×width×thickness). Thick), on which 8 pairs of sleepers 112 are arranged at equal intervals. In addition, the plate body 111 of this embodiment forms part of the elevated beam span plate. The plate end of the plate body 111 located at the beam end position is aligned with the beam end. The plate seams between the remaining plate bodies 111 are evenly arranged. The seam is 50mm~150mm.

A plurality of buried vibration isolators 140 are provided below the plate body 111 . Among them, three pairs of buried vibration isolators 140 are arranged at equal intervals below the P3500 type plate. Each pair of buried vibration isolators 140 is arranged between two adjacent pairs of sleepers 112, and each buried vibration isolator 140 is It is arranged directly under the rail 300; four pairs of buried vibration isolators 140 are arranged at equal intervals under the P4700 type plate body. The specific arrangement method is the same as above. In addition, the planar position of each buried vibration isolator 140 is marked with a dotted circle in FIG. 24 . After the installation is completed, the structure of the buried vibration isolator 140 cannot be seen from above the plate body 111 .

As shown in FIG. 27 , the buried vibration isolator 140 includes a mounting base 141 , an elastic element 142 , a height-adjusting gasket 143 and a limiting column 144 .

The mounting base 141 is a metal embedded part, which is pre-set at a corresponding position in the steel frame when the concrete curved plate body 110 is poured. The mounting base 141 is in the shape of a circular cover, and its shell has a thickness of 8 mm to 12 mm. The upper end of the mounting base 141 has a ring of flange for increasing the adhesion and bearing capacity of the embedded mounting base 141 .

The elastic element 142 is generally cylindrical in shape, and its diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting base 141 .

As shown in FIG. 28 , the elastic element 142 includes an upper spring-supported housing 1421 , a lower spring-supported housing 1422 , a rubber spring 1423 and a plurality of limiting rubber rings 1424 .

The spring support upper housing 1421 is made of metal material and is in the shape of a circular cover. The inner surface of the top has a circular embedding groove 14211. The shape and size of the embedding groove 14211 match the upper end of the rubber spring 1423.

The spring support lower shell 1422 is also made of metal material and has a circular cover shape, and its diameter is smaller than the diameter of the spring support upper shell 1421, so the two can be fitted together, and the spring support upper shell 1421 is covered in The spring supports the outside of the lower housing 1422 to form a covering structure. The inner diameter of the spring support lower housing 1422 matches the rubber spring 1423. In addition, the outer periphery of the spring-supported lower housing 1422 has two annular rubber ring installation grooves 14221 for fitting and installing the limiting rubber ring 1424; the middle of the bottom surface of the spring-supported lower housing 1422 has a circular limiting post. Installation slot 14222 is used to install the limiting column 144.

The structure of the rubber spring 1423 is the same as in Embodiment 3. The rubber spring 1423 is disposed inside the covering structure formed by fitting the upper spring supporting housing 1421 and the lower spring supporting housing 1422. The upper end of the rubber spring 1423 is embedded in the embedding groove 14211 and fixed by bonding; the lower end of the rubber spring 1423 is embedded in the spring support lower housing 1422 and is also fixed by bonding.

The two limiting rubber rings 1424 are respectively fitted into the two rubber ring mounting grooves 14221 of the spring-supported lower housing 1422, and the limiting rubber rings 1424 protrude outward from the rubber ring mounting grooves 14221, and the limiting rubber rings 1424 protrude. The protruding part abuts the inner surface of the spring-supported upper housing 1421, thereby forming a lateral limit for the upper and lower housings.

The height-adjusting gasket 143 is used to adjust the installation height of the elastic element 142 . It is a circular sheet-shaped metal piece with a diameter that is substantially consistent with the diameter of the elastic element 142 . A circular relief hole is provided in the middle of the height-adjusting gasket 143 for the limiting column 144 to pass through during installation. The height-adjusting gasket 143 has a variety of rules and has different thicknesses, ranging from 2 mm to 25 mm. According to actual needs, each vibration isolator can be provided with one or more height-adjusting pads 143.

The structure of the limiting column 144 is the same as that in the fourth embodiment.

During track construction, the buried vibration isolator 140 is installed as follows:

First, the limiting posts 144 are driven into predetermined positions on the base 200, and then corresponding height-adjusting pads 143 and elastic elements 142 are placed at each position in turn; finally, the prefabricated plate body 111 is hoisted to the base 200 through hoisting equipment. Then align and place them down so that the upper ends of each elastic element 142 are embedded in each pre-embedded mounting seat 141 below the plate body 111, thereby completing the installation of the buried vibration isolator 140.

Functions and Effects of Embodiment 5

According to the rail vibration isolation system provided in this embodiment, since the buried vibration isolator 130 containing a rubber spring is used in the form of a floating plate, the same vibration and noise reduction effect as in the third embodiment can be achieved.

Furthermore, the buried vibration isolator 140 of this embodiment only includes a pre-embedded mounting base 141, an elastic element 142, a height-adjusting gasket 143 and a limiting column 144. Therefore, the structure is simplified and the installation is convenient, which can greatly reduce the track construction time and adapt to Duration requirements for elevated track construction. In the elastic element 142, the rubber spring 1423 is arranged inside the covering structure formed by the fitting of the spring support upper housing 1421 and the spring support lower housing 1422. Therefore, the lateral and longitudinal deformation of the rubber spring 1423 is reasonably restrained by the covering structure. , and avoids the influence of external debris, dust, etc. on the rubber spring 1423, so it is beneficial to maintain the ideal stiffness of the rubber spring 1423, ensure its vibration reduction effect, and increase its service life.

In addition, the buried vibration isolator 140 is arranged below the plate body 111, and the vibration isolator structure cannot be seen from above the plate body 111. Therefore, the track bed plate 110 of this embodiment also has the advantages of beautiful appearance and good integrity. At the same time, because the buried vibration isolator 140 is only provided under the plate body 111, the buried vibration isolator 140 can be placed directly under the rail 300 to achieve a more ideal vibration reduction effect.

<Embodiment 6>

This embodiment provides a rail vibration isolation system. Compared with the third embodiment, the difference is that the vibration reduction unit of this embodiment is a superimposed vibration isolator including multiple rubber springs.

As shown in FIG. 29 , the stacked vibration isolator 150 includes an outer sleeve 151 , a locking washer 152 , a height-adjusting washer 153 and an elastic element 154 .

The structures of the outer sleeve 151, the locking gasket 152, and the height-adjusting gasket 153 are the same as those in the second embodiment, and will not be described again.

As shown in Figures 30-31, the elastic element 154 includes a support tube 1541, a support base 1542, two vertically stacked rubber springs 1543, a spring connection component 1544, and a spring limiting component 1545. The support tube 1541 and the support base 1542 respectively provide support for the stacked rubber spring 1543 from top to bottom. The spring connection component 1544 is used to connect the two rubber springs 1543 into a whole, and the spring limiting component 1545 is used to form the two rubber springs 153 into a whole. The two ends of the whole body are respectively fixed in the support tube 1541 and the support base 1542.

As shown in FIG. 32 , the support tube 1541 has a semi-closed structure, including a plate-shaped top 15411 , a first cylindrical part 15412 , an internal support plate 15413 and a second cylindrical part 15414 .

The outer contour shape of the plate-shaped top 15411 is consistent with the height-adjusting gasket 153 , and its thickness is thicker than the height-adjusting gasket 153 . There is a circular top relief groove 15411a in the middle of the plate-shaped top 15411, which is used to make way for installation tools during installation. There are three top mounting holes 15411b distributed around the top relief groove 15411a, and their position distribution corresponds to the height adjustment. The ends of the three first installation grooves 1523 of the gasket 153 are also used for insertion of installation tools during installation.

Similarly, during installation, the three mounting holes on the top of the support tube 1541, the mounting grooves of the locking gasket 152, and the height-adjusting gasket 153 can form three connector mounting holes that pass through in the vertical direction.

The first cylindrical part 15412 and the second cylindrical part 15414 are both circular and cylindrical with the same diameter. The difference is that the length of the first cylindrical part 15412 is fixed, and the length of the second cylindrical part 15414 can be determined according to the rubber spring. 1543 size and quantity adjustment, the length of the second cylindrical part 15414 should be such that when none of the rubber springs 1543 are stressed (when the overall height of the multiple rubber springs 1543 is maximum), the second cylindrical part 15414 and the support base 1542 are still embedded. combine. In addition, a plurality of latch holes 15414a are opened above the second cylindrical portion 15414 for arranging corresponding components in the spring limiting assembly 1545. In this embodiment, there are four latch holes 15414a, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the second cylindrical part 15414.

The inner support plate 15413 is a circular metal plate, welded between the first cylindrical part 15412 and the second cylindrical part 15414, and has the same diameter as the first cylindrical part 15412 and the second cylindrical part 15414. The inner support plate 15413 and the second cylindrical portion 15414 form a downward circular opening for installing the rubber spring 1543.

As shown in Figure 33, the support base 1542 is used to support and limit the lower end of the stacked rubber spring 153. The support base 1542 is also made of metal material and is in the shape of a circular cover, and its outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the second cylindrical part 15414, so it can be slidably fitted into the second cylindrical part 15414.

The inner wall of the support base 1542 has a circle of limiter installation grooves 15421 and a square relief groove 15422. The limiter installation groove 15421 is used to install the corresponding parts of the spring limit assembly 1545, and the square relief groove 15422 is used to install the spring limiter assembly 1545. The corresponding structure in the spring limit assembly 1545 gives way.

The structures of the two rubber springs 1543 are the same as in Embodiment 3. Two rubber springs 1543 are vertically stacked and connected as a whole through a spring connection assembly 1544. The two rubber springs 1543 are integrally arranged inside the covering structure formed by the fitting of the support tube 1541 and the support base 1542.

As shown in Figures 28 and 34-36, the spring connection assembly 1544 includes a spring connection part 15441, a plurality of connection part fixing pieces 15442 and a plurality of fixing parts 15443.

The spring connector 15441 is an integrally molded piece made of metal and has an annular peripheral portion 54411 and a circular disk body 54412 formed within the circle of the peripheral portion 54411. Both sides of the peripheral portion 54411 extend vertically from both sides of the disk body 54412. out, and the inner diameter of the peripheral portion 54411 matches the diameter of the rubber spring 1543. The cross section of the spring connector 15441 is H-shaped. Therefore, on both sides of the disk body 54412, the peripheral portion 54411 and the disk body 54412 form a pair of circular fitting grooves 54413 for fitting the ends of the rubber spring 1543. A pair of fitting grooves 54413 are arranged opposite to each other, with the openings facing both sides respectively.

There are four square fixing piece mounting grooves 54411a on the peripheral portion 54411. The bottom of the fixing piece mounting grooves 54411a has fixing piece mounting holes 54411b for fitting and installing the connecting piece fixing piece 15442 and setting the fixing pieces 15443. The four fixing piece mounting grooves 54411a are evenly distributed along the circumference. In addition, there is a circular positioning post mounting hole 54412a in the middle of the plate body 54412 for installing the positioning post.

The connector fixing piece 15442 is a "U"-shaped metal piece with a through connector mounting hole in the middle. The connector fixing piece 15442 is fitted and installed in the fixing piece mounting groove 54411a, and is fixed by the fixing piece 15443. In this embodiment , the fixing part 15443 is a screw. The two ends of the connector fixing piece 15442 respectively extend toward the two fitting grooves 54413 to form a hook-shaped structure.

As shown in Figure 31, the lower end of the upper rubber spring 1543 is fitted in the circular fitting groove 54413 above the spring connector 15441, and the upper end of the lower rubber spring 1543 is fitted in the circular fitting groove 54413 below the spring connector 15441. slot 54413, and is fixed through four connecting piece fixing pieces 15442 and four fixing pieces 15443. The connecting piece fixed piece 15442 and the spring connecting piece 15441 form a hook-like structure to catch the end of the rubber spring 1543, thereby connecting the two superimposed rubber springs 1543 into an integrated elastic structure.

After being connected into one body, the two ends of the two stacked rubber springs 1543 are also fixed by the spring limiting assembly 1545.

The spring limiting assembly 1545 includes a pair of top limiting parts 15451, a bottom limiting part 15452, a plurality of limiting pins 15453, and a plurality of positioning posts 15454. The number of positioning posts 15454 is set according to the number of rubber springs 1543, which is two in this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 37 , the top stopper 15451 is used to fix the upper end of the uppermost rubber spring 1543 in the support tube 1541 . The top stopper 15451 is an arc-shaped metal piece with an L-shaped cross-section. Therefore, after installation, it can not only block the upper end of the rubber spring 1543 laterally, but also buckle the upper end of the rubber spring 1543.

The plurality of limit pins 15453 respectively pass through the plurality of pin holes 15414a on the second cylindrical part 15414, and press the pair of top limiters 15451 toward the upper end of the rubber spring 1543 from multiple directions, thereby firmly buckling it. Close the upper end of rubber spring 1543.

The bottom limiter 15452 is a snap spring, which is fitted in the limiter installation groove 15421 of the support base 1542 and protrudes outward from the groove to engage the lower end of the bottom rubber spring 1543 with the support base. Within 1542.

In addition, as shown in Figure 31, after the spring connection assembly 1544 is provided, the diameter of the connection position of the two rubber springs 1543 is approximately the same as the inner diameter of the support tube 1511. Therefore, during the elastic vibration damping process, the two rubber springs 1543 The ends are well restricted, so that the overall elastic structure formed by multiple rubber springs 1543 remains stable during the expansion and contraction process.

The positioning post 15454 is composed of two cylindrical sections, one of which has a larger diameter, so a stepped structure is formed in the middle of the positioning post 15454. During installation, the smaller diameter cylindrical section of the positioning post 15454 is embedded in the positioning post installation groove 15413a of the internal support plate 15413, and the larger diameter cylindrical section is embedded in the positioning post embedding groove 15431 at the upper end of the rubber spring 1543, thereby protecting the rubber spring 1543. The horizontal position is limited, and the step structure in the middle makes it difficult to come out.

In addition, the elastic element 154 can be pre-assembled as a whole and only needs to be installed as a whole during track construction.

In this embodiment, the elastic element 154 includes two vertically stacked rubber springs 1543. In fact, the elastic element 154 can also include more vertically stacked rubber springs 1543, and the two adjacent rubber springs 1543 are separated by the above-mentioned Just use the spring connection component 1544 to connect.

The installation method of the stacked vibration isolator 150 is basically the same as the installation process of the third embodiment, so the description will not be repeated.

Functions and effects of Embodiment 6

According to the rail vibration isolation system provided in this embodiment, since the superposed vibration isolator 150 including multiple rubber springs is used to form a floating plate, the same vibration and noise reduction effect as in the third embodiment can be achieved.

Since the elastic element 154 includes a plurality of vertically stacked rubber springs 1543, its stiffness has a wide adjustable range, and the overall height of the superimposed vibration isolator 150 has a wide adjustable range. In the case of two superimposed rubber springs 1543, the overall stiffness is 1/2 of a single rubber spring 1543; in the case of three superimposed rubber springs 1543, the overall stiffness is 1/3 of a single rubber spring 1543, so that And so on. Even if the material formula and manufacturing process are adjusted, the stiffness of a single rubber spring 1543 is difficult to reach such a numerical range. Therefore, compared with a single rubber spring 1543, the elastic element 154 of this embodiment has a greatly increased stiffness range and can be well applied to Various working conditions.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate specific implementations of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the description scope of the above-mentioned embodiments.

Claims (9)

1. A rail vibration isolation system, which is characterized by including:

   Rail vibration absorber, installed on the rail;

   Under-rail pads are provided below the rails; and

   Vibration reduction unit is installed between the track bed and the base,

   Wherein, the rail vibration absorber includes a vibration-absorbing wedge for absorbing vibration,

   The vibration damping unit includes an elastic element for absorbing vibration.
2. The rail vibration isolation system according to claim 1, characterized in that:

   Wherein, the rail under-rail pad is made of rubber material,

   The vibration-absorbing wedge is made of rubber and is wrapped with a metal block inside.

   The rail vibration absorbers include:

   A pair of the vibration-absorbing wedges are respectively attached to the waists of both sides of the rail; and at least two clamps are used to clamp the pair of vibration-absorbing wedges on the rail.
3. The rail vibration isolation system according to claim 2, characterized in that:

   Among them, the rail vibration absorber also includes:

   At least one counterweight connected to the non-fitting surface of the vibration-absorbing wedge,

   Wherein, the counterweight block is made of metal material and its weight is 4.5kg.
4. The rail vibration isolation system according to claim 1, characterized in that:

   Wherein, the vibration reduction unit is an open type vibration isolator, and the number is plural,

   The elastic element is a rubber spring,

   The open vibration isolator also includes:

   The outer sleeve is pre-embedded in the plate body, and the rubber spring is arranged below the outer sleeve;

   A spring support plate is provided above the rubber spring;

   Height-adjusting spacers are provided above the spring support plate; and

   A locking gasket is provided above the height-adjusting gasket, is embedded in the outer sleeve, and is connected to the height-adjusting gasket and the spring support plate through a connecting piece.
5. The rail vibration isolation system according to claim 1, characterized in that:

   Wherein, the vibration reduction unit is a regulated vibration isolator, and the number is plural,

   The elastic element includes an upper housing for regulation, a lower housing for regulation, and a rubber spring disposed inside the covering structure formed by fitting the upper housing for regulation and the lower housing for regulation,

   The regulated vibration isolators also include:

   The outer sleeve is pre-embedded in the plate body, and the elastic element is arranged below the outer sleeve;

   a height-adjusting gasket, arranged above the elastic element; and

   A locking gasket is provided above the height-adjusting gasket, is embedded in the outer sleeve, and is connected to the height-adjusting gasket and the elastic element through a connecting piece.
6. The rail vibration isolation system according to claim 1, characterized in that:

   Wherein, the vibration reduction unit is a buried vibration isolator, and the number is plural,

   The elastic element includes a spring-supported upper shell, a spring-supported lower shell, and a rubber spring disposed inside the covering structure formed by fitting the spring-supported upper shell and the spring-supported lower shell,

   The buried vibration isolator also includes:

   A mounting seat is pre-embedded under the plate body, and the upper end of the elastic element is embedded in the mounting seat;

   a height-adjusting spacer disposed between the elastic element and the base; and

   One end of the limit column is inserted into the limit column installation groove at the bottom of the spring-supported lower housing, and the other end is driven into the base for fixation.
7. The rail vibration isolation system according to claim 1, characterized in that:

   Wherein, the vibration reduction unit is a superposed vibration isolator, and the number is plural,

   The elastic element includes a support tube, a support base, at least two rubber springs arranged inside the covering structure formed by the fitting of the support tube and the support base, and several spring connection components.

   A plurality of the rubber springs are stacked vertically, and the spring connection assembly is arranged between two adjacent rubber springs to connect the plurality of rubber springs into one body.

   The superposed vibration isolator also includes:

   An outer sleeve is pre-embedded in the plate body, and the elastic element is arranged below the outer sleeve;

   a height-adjusting spacer, arranged above the elastic element; and

   A locking gasket is provided above the height-adjusting gasket, is embedded in the outer sleeve, and is connected to the height-adjusting gasket and the elastic element through a connecting piece.
8. The rail vibration isolation system according to claim 1, characterized in that:

   Wherein, the vibration damping unit is a steel spring isolator, and the number is plural,

   The elastic element includes a support tube, a support base, and a first steel spring and a second steel spring arranged inside the covering structure formed by the fitting of the support tube and the support base,

   The steel spring isolator also includes:

   An outer sleeve is pre-embedded in the plate body, and the elastic element is arranged below the outer sleeve;

   a height-adjusting gasket, arranged above the elastic element; and

   A locking gasket is provided above the height-adjusting gasket, is embedded in the outer sleeve, and is connected to the height-adjusting gasket and the elastic element through a connecting piece.
9. The rail vibration isolation system according to claim 1, characterized in that:

   Wherein, the vibration-absorbing unit is a rubber-made track bed vibration-absorbing pad, including:

   the pad body; and

   A plurality of vibration-absorbing bosses are distributed on one surface of the pad body and are integrally formed with the pad body,

   The vibration-absorbing boss is in the shape of a cone, a cylinder or a rib.

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