WO2024021275A1 - 一种排除电池材料中金属异物的方法 - Google Patents

一种排除电池材料中金属异物的方法 Download PDF

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WO2024021275A1
WO2024021275A1 PCT/CN2022/120636 CN2022120636W WO2024021275A1 WO 2024021275 A1 WO2024021275 A1 WO 2024021275A1 CN 2022120636 W CN2022120636 W CN 2022120636W WO 2024021275 A1 WO2024021275 A1 WO 2024021275A1
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rough surface
foreign matter
metal foreign
battery
battery material
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PCT/CN2022/120636
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李爱霞
余海军
谢英豪
李长东
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广东邦普循环科技有限公司
湖南邦普循环科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2024021275A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024021275A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04Processes of manufacture in general
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of battery material production, and in particular to a method for eliminating metallic foreign matter in battery materials.
  • metal foreign bodies can be divided into low-risk metal foreign bodies (spherical or granular), medium-risk metal foreign bodies (lumps) and high-risk metal foreign bodies (flakes or thin strips).
  • low-risk metal foreign bodies sinum or granular
  • medium-risk metal foreign bodies lassilicates
  • high-risk metal foreign bodies flakes or thin strips.
  • the number of high-risk magnetic foreign matter particles accounts for 10-20%, and high-risk magnetic foreign matter easily escapes and flows out during the electrode manufacturing process, causing physical micro-short circuits, seriously affecting the performance of the battery, and greatly reducing the quality of the battery cathode. Rate.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing technology does not improve the removal effect of high-risk magnetic foreign matter in a targeted manner.
  • the present invention provides a method for eliminating metal foreign matter in battery materials, which includes the following steps:
  • the time for the battery material to flow on the rough surface is 5-30s;
  • the acting force is gravity
  • the transmission mode of the force is contact transmission.
  • angle ⁇ between the force and the rough surface is 15-75°.
  • the time for the battery material to flow on the rough surface is 5-15 seconds.
  • the rough surface is made of porous material.
  • a brush is used to clean the metal foreign matter on the rough surface.
  • the battery material flows on the rough surface once, the battery material is placed on the rough surface and flows again.
  • a method for eliminating metal foreign matter in battery materials has a beneficial effect in that: before the battery materials enter the demagnetizer for demagnetization, the metals in the battery materials are screened through the rough surface. Foreign matter, reduce the proportion of medium-risk metal foreign matter and high-risk metal foreign matter in battery materials, so that batteries made with battery materials have better performance and higher yields. In addition, after rough surface treatment, the battery materials are then used with a demagnetizer. During demagnetization, there will be less accumulation of medium and high-risk magnetic foreign matter in the demagnetizer, and the demagnetizer can be more durable.
  • a method for eliminating metal foreign matter in battery materials wherein the metal foreign matter is usually iron and its compounds, nickel and its compounds, cobalt and its compounds, manganese and its compounds, aluminum and its compounds, copper and one or more mixtures of its compounds.
  • This application mainly targets the removal of risky metal foreign matter and high-risk metal foreign matter in battery materials, that is, the removal of metal foreign matter in the form of blocks, sheets or thin strips.
  • the method for eliminating metal foreign matter in battery materials includes the following steps: first setting a rough surface. Then use a force to make the battery material flow on the rough surface, causing sliding friction between the battery material and the rough surface.
  • the angle between the force and the rough surface is ⁇
  • the magnitude of the force is F
  • the static friction between the metal foreign matter and the rough surface is The factor is ⁇ , so that ⁇ , F and ⁇ satisfy the following relationship:
  • the time for the battery material to flow on the rough surface is 5-30s.
  • a pipeline degaussing machine is used to demagnetize the battery materials to obtain battery materials suitable for making batteries.
  • the force is transmitted non-contactly, for example, the force is gravity. Using the gravity of the battery material itself and the rough surface to screen the battery material can reduce costs.
  • the force transmission method is contact transmission. For example, airflow blows the battery material or water flow drives the battery material to flow. Contact transmission is used to drive the battery material to flow on a rough surface. Contact transmission is easy to pass through artificially. The method changes the size of the force, and it is more convenient to adjust the force according to the actual situation when screening metal foreign objects.
  • the angle ⁇ between the force and the rough surface is 15-75°. Controlling the angle ⁇ between 15-75° can ensure that useful substances and metal foreign matter in the battery material can be separated more efficiently.
  • the time for the battery material to flow on the rough surface is 5-15s. Controlling the flow time to be above 5s can ensure that the rough surface can screen out enough metal foreign matter in the battery material, while controlling the flow time to be below 15s. It can reduce the amount of useful substances in battery materials that are screened out by rough surfaces and reduce production costs.
  • the rough surface is made of porous material, such as PE or resin plate, and in other embodiments, the rough surface can be etched or carved from a metal plate.
  • the battery material in order to improve the screening effect of the rough surface on the battery material, after the battery material flows once on the rough surface, the battery material can be placed on the rough surface and flow again again, so that the screened battery The content of metallic foreign matter in the material is lower.
  • step S01 the resin plate is tilted 15° relative to the horizontal plane for fixation; in step S02, after the battery material is demagnetized by a pipeline demagnetizer, the first Batch the demagnetized battery materials to obtain material A2; after running the pipeline demagnetizer for two days, collect the battery materials at the outlet of the pipeline demagnetizer to obtain material A2'.
  • step S01 the resin plate is tilted 60° relative to the horizontal plane for fixation; after the battery materials are demagnetized by the pipeline demagnetizer, the first batch of demagnetized materials are collected battery material to obtain material A3; after the pipeline demagnetizer has been running for two days, collect the battery material at the outlet of the pipeline demagnetizer to obtain material A3'.
  • the battery material that has not been processed by the method of excluding metal foreign matter in the battery material and has not been demagnetized by the pipeline demagnetizer is material A.
  • the material A, material A1, material A1', and material are detected by ICP and pro-interpretation tester. Table 1 is obtained for the metal foreign matter content of A2, material A2', material A3, material A3', material A4, material A4', material A5 and material A5':
  • the battery material of the present invention is used to exclude the battery material before entering the pipeline degaussing machine.
  • the method of treating metal foreign matter can significantly reduce the content of metal foreign matter and magnetic foreign matter. Comparing the material A1', material A2', material A3', material A4', and material A5' of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that as the pipeline demagnetizer continues to operate for two days, Comparative Example 1 A lot of medium- and high-risk magnetic foreign matter that is difficult to discharge accumulated in the pipeline demagnetizer, so the demagnetization effect was quickly lost.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a method for eliminating metal foreign matter in battery materials, which reduces the metal foreign matter in the battery material by first screening the metal foreign matter in the battery material through the rough surface before entering the demagnetizer for demagnetization.
  • the ratio of medium-risk metal foreign matter to high-risk metal foreign matter makes batteries made with battery materials have better performance and higher yields.
  • the battery materials are demagnetized using a demagnetizer.
  • the demagnetizer There is less accumulation and residue of medium- and high-risk magnetic foreign matter inside, which can prevent medium- and high-risk magnetic foreign matter from remaining in the pipeline demagnetizer.
  • non-magnetic metal foreign matter can be removed, such as flakes, thin strips or lumps of copper produced by machine friction. It can also screen the positive electrode material particles and remove them. Some particles are irregular in shape or too small in size.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及电池材料生产技术领域,公开了一种排除电池材料中金属异物的方法,其包括以下步骤:设置一个粗糙表面;利用一个作用力让电池材料在粗糙表面上流动,使电池材料与粗糙表面发生滑动摩擦,其中作用力与粗糙表面的夹角为θ,作用力的大小为F,金属异物与粗糙表面的静摩擦因数为μ,使θ、F和μ满足以下关系式:Fcosθ:μFsinθ=(0.1-0.9):1;其中,电池材料在粗糙表面上流动的时间为5-30s;利用管道式除磁机对电池材料进行除磁。通过在电池材料进入除磁机进行除磁前,先经过粗糙表面筛选电池材料中的金属异物,降低电池材料中的中风险金属异物和高风险金属异物的比例,提高最终产品的良品率。

Description

一种排除电池材料中金属异物的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电池材料生产技术领域,特别是涉及一种排除电池材料中金属异物的方法。
背景技术
随着新能源汽车的发展,新能源汽车电池愈发重要,其中电池占比整车成本的40%以上,由于电池材料是电池的核心组成部分,因此如何提高电池材料的性能和稳定性是亟需解决的重要问题。电池材料的生产过程中,由于原材料、机器的膨胀和老化等因素,使得生产出来的电池材料中金属异物的含量过高,而金属异物会使得电池的电极片自放电,从而破坏电池的热稳定性和一致性,降低电池的安全性。由于金属异物包含磁性异物和非磁性异物,现有方法一般通过除磁机去除磁性异物,而对于非磁性异物则很难去除掉。
按照金属异物的形貌可以将金属异物分为低风险金属异物(球状或颗粒状)、中风险金属异物(块状)和高风险金属异物(片状或细条状),其中,在不同工序的物料中,高风险磁性异物的颗粒数占比在10-20%,而高风险磁性异物容易在电极制造过程中逃逸流出,造成物理微短路,严重影响电池的性能,极大的降低电池正极良品率。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:现有技术没有针对性地提高高风险磁性异物的去除效果。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种排除电池材料中金属异物的方法,其包括以下步骤:
设置一个粗糙表面;
利用一个作用力让电池材料在粗糙表面上流动,使电池材料与粗糙表面发生滑动摩擦,其中作用力与粗糙表面的夹角为θ,作用力的大小为F,金属异物与粗糙表面的静摩擦因数为μ,使θ、F和μ满足以下关系式:
Fcosθ:μFsinθ=(0.1-0.9):1;
其中,电池材料在粗糙表面上流动的时间为5-30s;
利用管道式除磁机对电池材料进行除磁。
进一步地,所述作用力为重力。
进一步地,所述作用力的传递方式为接触式传递。
进一步地,所述作用力与所述粗糙表面的夹角θ为15-75°。
进一步地,电池材料在粗糙表面上流动的时间为5-15s。
进一步地,所述粗糙表面由多孔材料制成。
进一步地,所述粗糙表面每使用满4h后,采用毛刷对粗糙表面上的金属异物进行清刷。
进一步地,当电池材料在粗糙表面上流动过一次后,再将电池材料放置在粗糙表面上重复流动一次。
本发明实施例一种排除电池材料中金属异物的方法与现有技术相比,其有益效果在于:通过在电池材料进入除磁机进行除磁前,先经过粗糙表面去筛选电池材料中的金属异物,降低电池材料中的中风险金属异物和高风险金属异物的比例,使得使用电池材料制作出来的电池性能更好,良品率更高,此外,经过粗糙表面处理后电池材料再用除磁机进行除磁,除磁机内中高风险磁性异物的积累残留更少,除磁机可以更耐用。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。
在本发明的描述中,应当理解的是,本发明中采用术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“顶”、“底”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
本发明实施例优选实施例的一种排除电池材料中金属异物的方法,其中金属异物通常为铁及其化合物、镍及其化合物、钴及其化合物、锰及其化合物、铝及其化合物、铜及其化合物中的一种或多种混合物。本申请主要针对电池材料中风险金属异物和高风险金属异物进行清除,即对块状、片状或细条状的金属异物进行清除。
所述排除电池材料中金属异物的方法包括以下步骤:先设置一个粗糙表面。再利用一个作用力让电池材料在粗糙表面上流动,使电池材料与粗糙表面发生滑动摩擦,其中作用力与粗糙表面的夹角为θ,作用力的大小为F,金属异物与粗糙表面的静摩擦因数为μ,使θ、F和μ满足以下关系式:
Fcosθ:μFsinθ=(0.1-0.9):1。
其中,电池材料在粗糙表面上流动的时间为5-30s。最后利用管道式除磁机对电池材料进行除磁,即得到适合制作电池的电池材料。
在一些实施例中,所述作用力为非接触式传递,例如作用力为重力,采用电池材料自身的重力配合粗糙表面对电池材料进行筛选,可以降低成本。在一些实施例中,所述作用力的传递方式为接触式传递,例如气流吹动电池材料或水流带动电池材料流动,采用接触式传递带动电池材料在粗糙表面上流动,接触式传递容易通过人为的方式改变作用力的大 小,在筛选金属异物时更方便根据实际情况调整作用力。
所述作用力与所述粗糙表面的夹角θ为15-75°,将夹角θ控制在15-75°,可以确保电池材料中有用物质与金属异物可以更高效地分离。
优选地,电池材料在粗糙表面上流动的时间为5-15s,将流动时间控制在5s以上,可以确保粗糙表面可以筛除电池材料中足够多的金属异物,而将流动时间控制在15s以下,可以降低电池材料中有用物质被粗糙表面筛除的量,降低生产成本。
在一些实施例中,所述粗糙表面由多孔材料制成,如PE或树脂板,在其它实施例中,所述粗糙表面可以由金属板腐蚀或雕刻而成。
所述粗糙表面每使用满4h后,采用毛刷对粗糙表面上的金属异物进行清刷,确保粗糙表面对电池材料有足够的筛选能力。
在一些实施例中,为了提高粗糙表面对电池材料的筛除效果,当电池材料在粗糙表面上流动过一次后,可以再将电池材料放置在粗糙表面上重复流动一次,使得筛除后的电池材料中金属异物的含量更低。
下面使用具体实施例和对比例进一步详细说明采用本发明所述排除电池材料中金属异物的方法对电池材料进行处理。以下的实施例为示例,并不限定本申请。
实施例1
S01、准备一块树脂板,树脂板的长度为3m,宽度为1m,将树脂板相对水平面倾斜30°进行固定,将待处理的电池材料依次沿树脂板的顶部缓缓倒入,电池材料在重力F的驱动下沿树脂板流动到下部,收集经树脂板处理后的电池材料。其中,所述粗糙表面每使用满4h后,采用毛刷对粗糙表面上的金属异物进行清刷。
S02、启动管道式除磁机,不断地将经过粗糙表面处理后的电池材料放进管道式除磁机,通过管道式除磁机对电池材料进行除磁,收集第一批除磁好的电池材料,得到物料A1,并持续让管道式除磁机对经过粗糙表面处理后的电池材料进行除磁,管道式除磁机运行两天后,收集管道式除磁机出口的电池材料,得到物料A1’。
实施例2
其具体方法与实施例1的不同之处在于:在步骤S01中,将树脂板相对水平面倾斜15°进行固定;在步骤S02中,经过管道式除磁机对电池材料除磁后,收集第一批除磁好的电池材料,得到物料A2;管道式除磁机运行两天后,收集管道式除磁机出口的电池材料,得到物料A2’。
实施例3
其具体方法与实施例1的不同之处在于:在步骤S01中,将树脂板相对水平面倾斜60° 进行固定;经过管道式除磁机对电池材料除磁后,收集第一批除磁好的电池材料,得到物料A3;管道式除磁机运行两天后,收集管道式除磁机出口的电池材料,得到物料A3’。
实施例4
S01、准备一块树脂板,树脂板的长度为3m,宽度为1m,将树脂板水平固定,将待处理的电池材料平铺在树脂板上,然后由树脂板一端通入均匀的气流,气流出口流速20m/s,气流出口与树脂板的距离为50cm,气流流向与树脂板的夹角为30°,使得电池材料由树脂板一端流动到另一端,收集经树脂板处理后的电池材料。其中,所述粗糙表面每使用满4h后,采用毛刷对粗糙表面上的金属异物进行清刷。
S02、启动管道式除磁机,不断地将经过粗糙表面处理后的电池材料放进管道式除磁机,通过管道式除磁机对电池材料进行除磁,收集第一批除磁好的电池材料,得到物料A4,并持续让管道式除磁机对经过粗糙表面处理后的电池材料进行除磁,管道式除磁机运行两天后,收集管道式除磁机出口的电池材料,得到物料A4’。
对比例1
启动管道式除磁机,不断地将电池材料放进管道式除磁机,直接通过管道式除磁机进行除磁,收集第一批除磁好的电池材料,得到物料A5,并持续让管道式除磁机对电池材料进行除磁,管道式除磁机运行两天后,收集管道式除磁机出口的电池材料,得到物料A5’。
设未经过所述排除电池材料中金属异物的方法处理,且未经过管道式除磁机除磁的电池材料为物料A,通过ICP和亲解读测试仪检测物料A、物料A1、物料A1’、物料A2、物料A2’、物料A3、物料A3’、物料A4、物料A4’、物料A5和物料A5’的金属异物含量,得到表1:
表1
Figure PCTCN2022120636-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022120636-appb-000002
通过比较实施例1-4和对比例1的物料A、物料A1、物料A2、物料A3、物料A4、物料A5可以说明,在电池材料进入管道式除磁机之前使用本发明所述排除电池材料中金属异物的方法进行处理,可以显著降低金属异物含量和磁性异物含量。而比较实施例1-4和对比例1的物料A1’、物料A2’、物料A3’、物料A4’、物料A5’可以看出,随着管道式除磁机持续运行两天后,对比例1的管道式除磁机中积累了很多难以排出的中高风险磁性异物,因此很快就失去了除磁效果,而实施例1-4因为使用了本方法对物料进行预处理,去除了中高风险磁性异物,避免了中高风险磁性异物在管道式除磁机中积累,从而延缓管道式除磁机的失效时间。
综上,本发明实施例提供一种排除电池材料中金属异物的方法,其通过在电池材料进入除磁机进行除磁前,先经过粗糙表面筛选电池材料中的金属异物,降低电池材料中的中风险金属异物和高风险金属异物的比例,使得使用电池材料制作出来的电池性能更好,良品率更高,此外,经过粗糙表面处理后电池材料再用除磁机进行除磁,除磁机内中高风险磁性异物的积累残留更少,可以防止磁性的中高风险金属异物残留在管道式除磁机内。且因为利用粗糙表面筛选电池材料属于利用形貌进行筛选,可以去掉部分非磁性金属异物,例如因为机器摩擦产生的片状或细条状或块状的铜,还可以对正极材料颗粒进行筛选,去掉部分形状不规则的或者粒径过小的颗粒。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和替换,这些改进和替换也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种排除电池材料中金属异物的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    设置一个粗糙表面;
    利用一个作用力让电池材料在粗糙表面上流动,使电池材料与粗糙表面发生滑动摩擦,其中作用力与粗糙表面的夹角为θ,作用力的大小为F,金属异物与粗糙表面的静摩擦因数为μ,使θ、F和μ满足以下关系式:
    Fcosθ:μFsinθ=(0.1-0.9):1;
    其中,电池材料在粗糙表面上流动的时间为5-30s;
    利用管道式除磁机对电池材料进行除磁。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的排除电池材料中金属异物的方法,其特征在于:所述作用力为重力。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的排除电池材料中金属异物的方法,其特征在于:所述作用力的传递方式为接触式传递。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的排除电池材料中金属异物的方法,其特征在于:所述作用力与所述粗糙表面的夹角θ为15-75°。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的排除电池材料中金属异物的方法,其特征在于:电池材料在粗糙表面上流动的时间为5-15s。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的排除电池材料中金属异物的方法,其特征在于:所述粗糙表面由多孔材料制成。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的排除电池材料中金属异物的方法,其特征在于:所述粗糙表面每使用满4h后,采用毛刷对粗糙表面上的金属异物进行清刷。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的排除电池材料中金属异物的方法,其特征在于:当电池材料在粗糙表面上流动过一次后,再将电池材料放置在粗糙表面上重复流动一次。
PCT/CN2022/120636 2022-07-29 2022-09-22 一种排除电池材料中金属异物的方法 WO2024021275A1 (zh)

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WO1995011094A1 (en) * 1993-10-18 1995-04-27 John Borcuk Material sorter and separator
JP2008307452A (ja) * 2007-06-13 2008-12-25 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd 磁性金属異物の捕捉方法及び磁性金属異物の捕捉装置並びに被処理物の検査方法
CN106076854A (zh) * 2016-07-04 2016-11-09 陆建民 滑石与杂石选矿分离装置
CN111333049A (zh) * 2020-03-23 2020-06-26 蒋央芳 一种磷酸锰铁锂的制备方法
CN113690011A (zh) * 2021-07-13 2021-11-23 贵州金瑞新材料有限责任公司 一种锰片法制备电池级四氧化三锰除磁工艺

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995011094A1 (en) * 1993-10-18 1995-04-27 John Borcuk Material sorter and separator
JP2008307452A (ja) * 2007-06-13 2008-12-25 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd 磁性金属異物の捕捉方法及び磁性金属異物の捕捉装置並びに被処理物の検査方法
CN106076854A (zh) * 2016-07-04 2016-11-09 陆建民 滑石与杂石选矿分离装置
CN111333049A (zh) * 2020-03-23 2020-06-26 蒋央芳 一种磷酸锰铁锂的制备方法
CN113690011A (zh) * 2021-07-13 2021-11-23 贵州金瑞新材料有限责任公司 一种锰片法制备电池级四氧化三锰除磁工艺

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