WO2024018929A1 - Dispositif d'affichage aérien - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage aérien Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024018929A1
WO2024018929A1 PCT/JP2023/025303 JP2023025303W WO2024018929A1 WO 2024018929 A1 WO2024018929 A1 WO 2024018929A1 JP 2023025303 W JP2023025303 W JP 2023025303W WO 2024018929 A1 WO2024018929 A1 WO 2024018929A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
display device
aerial
optical
plane
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PCT/JP2023/025303
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
康宏 代工
Original Assignee
Ｔｏｐｐａｎホールディングス株式会社
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Publication of WO2024018929A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024018929A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/50—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels
    • G02B30/56—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels by projecting aerial or floating images
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an aerial display device.
  • An aerial display device includes, for example, a dihedral corner reflector array in which dihedral corner reflectors are arranged in an array, and reflects light emitted from a display surface of a display element to form a real image in the air.
  • the display method using a dihedral corner reflector array has no aberration and can display a real image (aerial image) at a plane-symmetrical position.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an optical element in which a transparent square prism protruding from the surface of a transparent flat plate is used as a dihedral corner reflector, and a plurality of square prisms are arranged in an array on a plane.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses that each of the first and second light control panels is formed by vertically arranging a large number of band-shaped planar light reflecting sections at a constant pitch inside a transparent flat plate, and the first and second light control panels are arranged vertically at a constant pitch.
  • An optical element is disclosed in which panels are arranged such that their planar light reflecting portions are orthogonal to each other.
  • the optical elements of Patent Documents 1 and 2 reflect the light emitted from the display element twice on orthogonal reflecting surfaces to generate an aerial image.
  • the display devices using the optical elements of Patent Documents 1 and 2 can recognize an aerial image by observing from an oblique direction of the optical element, and can recognize a good aerial image by observing from the normal direction of the optical element. It's difficult to do.
  • the present invention provides an aerial display device that can improve display quality.
  • a display element that displays an image
  • a display element that is arranged to receive light emitted from the display element, and that directs the light emitted from the display element on a normal line perpendicular to a plane.
  • a light correction element that is arranged to receive the light emitted from the light correction element, and reflects the light emitted from the light correction element to the opposite side of the light correction element to create an aerial image in the air.
  • An aerial display device comprising: an optical element for imaging.
  • the optical element reflects a light component of the light emitted from the light correction element that spreads to a first surface perpendicular to the plane toward a normal line perpendicular to the plane.
  • the light correction element refracts a light component of the light emitted from the display element that spreads within the plane and to a second surface orthogonal to the first surface toward the normal side.
  • a display device is provided.
  • the optical correction element has a plurality of first lens surfaces provided on a bottom surface and a plurality of second lens surfaces provided on an upper surface, and the plurality of first lenses
  • the surfaces constitute a convex lens, each extending in a first direction, and arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the plurality of second lens surfaces constitute a convex lens, each extending in the first direction.
  • An aerial display device according to the first aspect is provided that extends and is aligned in the second direction.
  • the aerial display device according to the third aspect, wherein the plurality of first lens surfaces and the plurality of second lens surfaces have the same pitch.
  • the aerial display device in which the plurality of first lens surfaces and the plurality of second lens surfaces are arranged at the same position in plan view.
  • the aerial display device in which the optical element reflects a light component that is obliquely incident from the optical correction element in the normal direction.
  • the optical element includes a planar base material and a plurality of optical elements provided under the base material, each extending in the second direction and arranged in the first direction.
  • the aerial display device according to the first aspect is provided, wherein each of the plurality of optical elements has an incident surface and a reflective surface that are inclined with respect to a normal to the base material and that touch each other.
  • the aerial display device in which the display element, the light correction element, and the optical element are arranged parallel to each other.
  • the first aspect further includes an orientation control element that is disposed between the light correction element and the optical element and transmits a part of the light emitted from the display element.
  • an aerial display device is provided.
  • the alignment control element includes a plurality of transparent members and a plurality of light shielding members arranged alternately, and the plurality of light shielding members are inclined with respect to the normal line of the alignment control element.
  • the aerial display device according to the first aspect, further comprising a sensing device that forms a detection area at the same position as the aerial image and detects an object within the detection area. Ru.
  • the present invention further includes a lighting element that emits light, and the display element is arranged to receive light from the lighting element and is configured of a liquid crystal display element.
  • a lighting element that emits light
  • the display element is arranged to receive light from the lighting element and is configured of a liquid crystal display element.
  • Such an aerial display device is provided.
  • an aerial display device that can improve display quality.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an aerial display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the aerial display device shown in FIG. 1 in the XZ plane.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the aerial display device shown in FIG. 1 in the YZ plane.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the optical correction element shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view in the YZ plane illustrating the configuration of the optical correction element.
  • FIG. 6A is a plan view of the orientation control element shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the alignment control element taken along line AA' in FIG. 6A.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the optical element shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an aerial display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the aerial display device shown in FIG. 1 in the XZ plane.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the aerial display device.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view illustrating how light is reflected in the optical element.
  • FIG. 10 is a side view of the XZ plane illustrating how light is reflected in the optical element.
  • FIG. 11 is a side view of the YZ plane illustrating how light is reflected in the optical element.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the angle conditions of the incident surface and the reflective surface of the optical element.
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view illustrating an example of an aerial image generated by an aerial display device.
  • FIG. 14 is a side view of the YZ plane explaining the operation of the optical correction element.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating how an observer views an aerial image.
  • FIG. 10 is a side view of the XZ plane illustrating how light is reflected in the optical element.
  • FIG. 11 is a side view of the YZ plane illustrating how light is reflected in the optical element.
  • FIG. 12 is a
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating how an observer views an aerial image.
  • FIG. 17 is a perspective view illustrating the operation of the aerial display device corresponding to FIG. 16.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating how an observer views an aerial image.
  • FIG. 19 is a perspective view illustrating the operation of the aerial display device corresponding to FIG. 18.
  • FIG. 20 is a perspective view illustrating the operation of the aerial display device according to the comparative example.
  • FIG. 21 is a side view in the XZ plane of an aerial display device according to a modification.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an aerial display device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the X direction is a direction along one side of the aerial display device 1
  • the Y direction is a direction perpendicular to the X direction in a horizontal plane
  • the Z direction is a direction perpendicular to the XY plane (also called the normal direction).
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the aerial display device 1 shown in FIG. 1 in the XZ plane.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the aerial display device 1 shown in FIG. 1 in the YZ plane.
  • the aerial display device 1 is a device that displays images (including videos).
  • the aerial display device 1 displays an aerial image in the air above its own light exit surface.
  • the light exit surface of the aerial display device 1 means the upper surface of the member disposed in the uppermost layer among the plurality of members constituting the aerial display device 1.
  • An aerial image is a real image formed in the air.
  • the aerial display device 1 includes a lighting element (also referred to as a backlight) 10, a display element 20, a light correction element 30, an orientation control element 40, and an optical element 50.
  • the illumination element 10, the display element 20, the light correction element 30, the orientation control element 40, and the optical element 50 are arranged in this order along the Z direction and parallel to each other.
  • the illumination element 10, the display element 20, the light correction element 30, the orientation control element 40, and the optical element 50 are fixed at a desired position with a fixing member (not shown) with a desired distance from each other.
  • the lighting element 10 emits illumination light and emits this illumination light toward the display element 20.
  • the lighting element 10 includes a light source section 11, a light guide plate 12, and a reflective sheet 13.
  • the lighting element 10 is, for example, a side light type lighting element.
  • the lighting element 10 constitutes a surface light source.
  • the lighting element 10 may be configured so that the light intensity peaks in an oblique direction at an angle ⁇ 1 , which will be described later.
  • the light source section 11 is arranged so as to face the side surface of the light guide plate 12.
  • the light source section 11 emits light toward the side surface of the light guide plate 12.
  • the light source section 11 includes a plurality of light emitting elements made of, for example, white LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes).
  • the light guide plate 12 guides the illumination light from the light source section 11 and emits the illumination light from its upper surface.
  • the reflective sheet 13 reflects the illumination light emitted from the bottom surface of the light guide plate 12 toward the light guide plate 12 again.
  • the lighting element 10 may include a member (including a prism sheet and a diffusion sheet) that improves optical characteristics on the upper surface of the light guide plate 12.
  • the display element 20 is a transmissive display element.
  • the display element 20 is composed of, for example, a liquid crystal display element.
  • the drive mode of the display element 20 is not particularly limited, and a TN (Twisted Nematic) mode, a VA (Vertical Alignment) mode, a homogeneous mode, or the like can be used.
  • the display element 20 receives illumination light emitted from the illumination element 10.
  • the display element 20 transmits the illumination light from the illumination element 10 and performs light modulation.
  • the display element 20 then displays a desired image on its own display surface.
  • the light correction element 30 receives the light emitted from the display element 20.
  • the light correction element 30 has a function of refracting light in the Y direction. Furthermore, the light correction element 30 refracts the light component of the light emitted from the display element 20 that spreads in the YZ plane toward the normal line perpendicular to the element surface of the light correction element 30 .
  • the element surface refers to a virtual plane in which the light correction element 30 extends in the in-plane direction. Element plane has the same meaning as in-plane. The same meaning applies to the element surfaces of other elements.
  • the optical correction element 30 has a plurality of convex lens surfaces provided on its bottom surface and a plurality of convex lens surfaces provided on its top surface. The detailed configuration of the optical correction element 30 will be described later.
  • the alignment control element 40 has a function of reducing unnecessary light.
  • Unnecessary light is a light component that does not contribute to generating an aerial image, and includes a light component that passes through the optical element 50 in the normal direction.
  • the orientation control element 40 is configured to transmit light components in a predetermined angular range centering on an oblique direction at an angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the normal direction in the XZ plane, and to block light components outside the above angular range. Ru. The detailed configuration of the alignment control element 40 will be described later.
  • the optical element 50 reflects light obliquely incident from the bottom side toward the top side. Further, the optical element 50 reflects the light component that spreads in the XZ plane of the light emitted from the orientation control element 40 toward the normal side perpendicular to the element surface of the optical element 50.
  • the optical element 50 forms an aerial image 2 in the air in front of the aerial display device 1 . The detailed configuration of the optical element 50 will be described later.
  • the aerial image 2 is parallel to the element surface of the optical element 50 and is a two-dimensional image. The observer 3 who is in front of the optical element 50 can visually recognize the aerial image 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the light correction element 30 shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 also shows an enlarged view of a part of the optical correction element 30.
  • the enlarged view in FIG. 4 is a side view in the YZ plane.
  • the light correction element 30 has a plurality of first lens surfaces 31 provided on its bottom surface and a plurality of second lens surfaces 32 provided on its top surface.
  • the plurality of first lens surfaces 31 each extend in the X direction and are arranged side by side in the Y direction.
  • Each first lens surface 31 is composed of a columnar convex lens.
  • the plurality of first lens surfaces 31 constitute a lenticular lens.
  • the plurality of second lens surfaces 32 each extend in the X direction and are arranged side by side in the Y direction.
  • Each second lens surface 32 is composed of a columnar convex lens.
  • the plurality of second lens surfaces 32 constitute a lenticular lens.
  • the first lens surface 31 and the second lens surface 32 have the same pitch.
  • the pitch here is the width of each of the first lens surface 31 and the second lens surface 32 in the Y direction.
  • the first lens surface 31 and the second lens surface 32 are arranged at the same position (to completely overlap) in plan view.
  • the light correction element 30 is made of glass or transparent resin (including acrylic resin).
  • FIG. 5 is a side view in the YZ plane illustrating the configuration of the optical correction element 30.
  • the first lens surface 31 has a radius of curvature R1, a principal point H1, and a focal length f1.
  • the second lens surface 32 has a radius of curvature R2, a principal point H2, and a focal length f2. It is assumed that the thickness of the optical correction element 30 is T, and the pitch of each of the first lens surface 31 and the second lens surface 32 is P.
  • the optical axes of the first lens surface 31 and the second lens surface 32 coincide with each other.
  • the radius of curvature R1 and the radius of curvature R2 are set to be the same.
  • Focal lengths f1 and f2 are calculated from the radii of curvature R1 and R2, respectively.
  • the thickness T of the optical correction element 30 is set based on the radii of curvature R1, R2 and the focal lengths f1, f2.
  • the thickness T of the optical correction element 30 is the thickness of the first lens surface 31 and the second lens surface 32 on the optical axis.
  • Pitch P can be set arbitrarily.
  • the radii of curvature R1 and R2, the focal lengths f1 and f2, the thickness T, the pitch P, and the refractive index of the optical correction element 30 are appropriately set according to the characteristics required of the optical correction element 30.
  • the light correction element 30 configured in this manner refracts light incident from the bottom surface side at the plurality of first lens surfaces 31 and further refracts it at the plurality of second lens surfaces 32.
  • the light correction element 30 refracts and condenses the light component radially emitted from a certain point of the display element 20 on the normal side perpendicular to the element surface of the light correction element 30 in the YZ plane.
  • FIG. 6A is a plan view of the alignment control element 40 shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the alignment control element 40 taken along line AA' in FIG. 6A.
  • the base material 41 is configured to be planar in the XY plane and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the base material 41 transmits light.
  • a plurality of transparent members 43 are provided on the base material 41, each extending in the Y direction and aligned in the X direction. Furthermore, a plurality of light shielding members 44 are provided on the base material 41, each extending in the Y direction and arranged in the X direction. The plurality of transparent members 43 and the plurality of light shielding members 44 are arranged alternately so that adjacent ones are in contact with each other.
  • a base material 42 is provided on the plurality of transparent members 43 and the plurality of light shielding members 44.
  • the base material 42 is configured to be planar in the XY plane and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the base material 42 transmits light.
  • the transparent member 43 extends in an oblique direction at an angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the normal direction of the base material 41 in the XZ plane.
  • the transparent member 43 is a parallelogram whose side surfaces are inclined by an angle ⁇ 1 in the XZ plane.
  • the transparent member 43 transmits light.
  • the light shielding member 44 extends in an oblique direction at an angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the normal direction of the base material 41 in the XZ plane.
  • the light shielding member 44 is a parallelogram whose side surfaces are inclined by an angle ⁇ 1 in the XZ plane.
  • the light blocking member 44 blocks light.
  • the thickness of the light shielding member 44 is set to be thinner than the thickness of the transparent member 43.
  • Two adjacent light shielding members 44 are arranged so that their ends slightly overlap each other in the Z direction.
  • the base materials 41, 42 and the transparent member 43 glass or transparent resin (including acrylic resin) is used.
  • the light shielding member 44 for example, resin mixed with black dye or pigment is used.
  • the alignment control element 40 may be configured by omitting one or both of the base materials 41 and 42. If the plurality of transparent members 43 and the plurality of light shielding members 44 are arranged alternately, the function of the alignment control element 40 can be realized.
  • the alignment control element 40 configured in this manner can transmit display light such that the light intensity in an oblique direction at an angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the normal direction reaches a peak.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 is set to, for example, 10 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less.
  • the alignment control element 40 is configured to block light components outside the range of 30° ⁇ 30° with respect to the normal direction.
  • the alignment control element 40 is configured to block light components outside the range of 30° ⁇ 20° with respect to the normal direction.
  • the orientation control element 40 may be arranged between the lighting element 10 and the display element 20. Furthermore, the aerial display device 1 may be configured without the orientation control element 40.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the optical element 50 shown in FIG. 1. Note that FIG. 7 also shows an enlarged view of a part of the optical element 50. The enlarged view in FIG. 7 is a side view in the XZ plane.
  • the optical element 50 includes a base material 51 and a plurality of optical elements 52.
  • the base material 51 is configured to be planar in the XY plane and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • a plurality of optical elements 52 are provided on the bottom surface of the base material 51.
  • Each of the plurality of optical elements 52 is formed of a triangular prism.
  • the optical element 52 is arranged so that three side surfaces of a triangular prism are parallel to the XY plane, and one side surface is in contact with the base material 51.
  • the plurality of optical elements 52 each extend in the Y direction and are arranged side by side in the X direction. In other words, the plurality of optical elements 52 have a sawtooth shape in the XZ plane.
  • Each of the plurality of optical elements 52 has an incident surface 53 and a reflective surface 54.
  • the left side surface is the incident surface 53
  • the right side surface is the reflective surface 54.
  • the incident surface 53 is a surface onto which light from the display element 20 is incident.
  • the reflective surface 54 is a surface that reflects light that has entered the entrance surface 53 from the outside inside the optical element 52 .
  • the incident surface 53 and the reflective surface 54 have an angle ⁇ p .
  • the base material 51 and the optical element 52 are made of transparent material.
  • the optical element 52 is formed integrally with the base material 51, for example, from the same transparent material as the base material 51.
  • the base material 51 and the optical element 52 may be formed separately, and the optical element 52 may be adhered to the base material 51 using a transparent adhesive.
  • glass or transparent resin including acrylic resin
  • the optical element 50 configured in this way reflects the incident light internally and forms a real image in the air. Further, the optical element 50 forms an aerial image at a position in front of the element surface.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the aerial display device 1.
  • the aerial display device 1 includes a control section 60, a storage section 61, an input/output interface (input/output IF) 62, a display section 63, a sensing device 64, and an input section 65.
  • the control section 60, the storage section 61, and the input/output interface 62 are connected to each other via a bus 66.
  • the input/output interface 62 is connected to a display section 63, a sensing device 64, and an input section 65.
  • the input/output interface 62 performs interface processing on each of the display section 63, sensing device 64, and input section 65 according to a predetermined standard.
  • the display section 63 includes a lighting element 10 and a display element 20.
  • the display unit 63 displays images.
  • the sensing device 64 detects a detection target (object) present in the detection area.
  • the sensing device 64 emits infrared light to a spatial region (detection region) that includes part or all of the aerial image 2 generated by the aerial display device 1, and detects the infrared light reflected by the object to be detected.
  • the sensing device 64 includes a light emitting section that emits infrared light and a light receiving section (sensor) that detects the infrared light.
  • the control unit 60 is composed of one or more processors such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and an MPU (Micro Processing Unit).
  • the control unit 60 implements various functions by executing programs stored in the storage unit 61.
  • the control section 60 includes a display processing section 60A, a position calculation section 60B, and an information processing section 60C.
  • the display processing unit 60A controls the operation of the display unit 63 (specifically, the lighting element 10 and the display element 20).
  • the display processing unit 60A controls turning on and off of the lighting element 10.
  • the display processing unit 60A transmits an image signal to the display element 20 and causes the display element 20 to display an image.
  • the position calculation unit 60B controls the operation of the sensing device 64.
  • the position calculation unit 60B causes the sensing device 64 to form a detection area made of infrared light.
  • the position calculation unit 60B calculates the position of the object to be detected within the detection area based on the plurality of detection signals sent from the sensing device 64. For example, the position calculation unit 60B calculates the position touched by the user in the detection area based on the plurality of detection signals.
  • a known method (such as the principle of triangulation) is used to calculate the position.
  • the information processing unit 60C generates an image to be displayed by the aerial display device 1.
  • the information processing section 60C can use the image data stored in the storage section 61.
  • the information processing unit 60C may acquire image data from outside using a communication function (not shown).
  • the storage unit 61 includes nonvolatile storage devices such as ROM (Read Only Memory), HDD (Hard Disk Drive), and SSD (Solid State Drive), and volatile storage devices such as RAM (Random Access Memory) and registers. including.
  • the storage unit 61 stores programs executed by the control unit 60.
  • the storage unit 61 stores various data necessary for control of the control unit 60.
  • the storage unit 61 stores data of images displayed by the aerial display device 1.
  • the input unit 65 includes a touch panel, buttons, etc., and receives information input by the user.
  • the information processing section 60C can select an image to be displayed on the display section 63 based on the information received by the input section 65.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 indicate optical paths. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the light emitted from the display element 20 passes through the light correction element 30 and then enters the alignment control element 40. The operation of the optical correction element 30 will be described later. Of the light emitted from the display element 20 , a light component at an angle ⁇ 1 (including a light component within a predetermined angle range centered on the angle ⁇ 1 ) is transmitted through the alignment control element 40 . The light transmitted through the alignment control element 40 enters the optical element 50. The optical element 50 forms an image of the incident light in the air on the opposite side to the orientation control element 40, and displays an aerial image 2 in the air.
  • ⁇ 1 including a light component within a predetermined angle range centered on the angle ⁇ 1
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view illustrating how light is reflected in the optical element 50.
  • FIG. 10 is a side view of the XZ plane illustrating how light is reflected in the optical element 50.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram of the optical element 50 viewed with both eyes of the observer 3 (that is, a line connecting both eyes) parallel to the X direction.
  • FIG. 11 is a side view of the YZ plane illustrating how light is reflected in the optical element 50.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram of the optical element 50 viewed with both eyes of the observer 3 parallel to the Y direction. Note that in FIG. 11, the refraction effect of the optical correction element 30 is not considered.
  • the critical angle is the minimum angle of incidence beyond which total internal reflection occurs.
  • the critical angle is the angle of the plane of incidence with respect to the normal.
  • the light emitted from point "o" is totally reflected by the reflective surface 54 of the optical element 52, and the light is imaged in the air to generate an aerial image.
  • the light emitted from point "o" is not reflected by the reflective surface 54 of the optical element 52, and the light does not form an image in the air, so it does not contribute to the generation of an aerial image.
  • the condition under which the observer 3 can recognize an aerial image is that both eyes of the observer 3 are parallel to the X direction or close to it (for example, ⁇ 10 degrees with respect to the X direction). Further, when the observer 3 moves his/her viewpoint along the Y direction with both eyes parallel to the X direction or in a state close to it, the aerial image can always be recognized.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the angle conditions of the incident surface 53 and the reflective surface 54 in the optical element 50.
  • the refractive index of the material of the optical element 50 be n p and the refractive index of air be 1.
  • the incident angle at the incident surface 53 be ⁇ 4 and the refraction angle be ⁇ 5 .
  • the incident angle at the upper surface of the optical element 50 be ⁇ 8 and the refraction angle be ⁇ 9 .
  • the refraction angle ⁇ 9 is the exit angle.
  • the output angle ⁇ 9 is expressed by the following equation (2).
  • ⁇ 9 sin -1 (n p *sin (sin -1 ((1/n p ) * sin (90° - ( ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 2 ))) + ⁇ 2 +2 ⁇ 3 -90°)) ... (2 )
  • the critical angle at the reflective surface 54 is expressed by the following equation (3).
  • Critical angle ⁇ 6 ( ⁇ 7 )
  • Critical angle sin -1 (1/n p )...(3) That is, the incident angle ⁇ 6 at the reflective surface 54 is set to be larger than the critical angle at the reflective surface 54 .
  • the angle ⁇ 3 of the reflective surface 54 is set such that the angle of incidence of light incident on the reflective surface 54 is greater than the critical angle.
  • the light incident on the entrance surface 53 is set so as not to be totally reflected on the entrance surface 53. That is, the angle ⁇ 2 of the incident surface 53 is set such that the incident angle of light incident on the incident surface 53 is smaller than the critical angle.
  • the angle between the element surface of the optical element 50 and the surface of the aerial image 2 and the distance between the element surface of the optical element 50 and the surface of the aerial image 2 are determined by the angle ⁇ 1 of the light incident on the optical element 50 and the angle between the element surface of the optical element 50 and the surface of the aerial image 2. Adjustment is possible by optimally setting the refractive index, the angle ⁇ 2 of the incident surface 53 of the optical element 50, and the angle ⁇ 3 of the reflective surface 54 of the optical element 50.
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view illustrating an example of an aerial image generated by the aerial display device 1.
  • the aerial display device 1 includes a rectangular housing, and a plurality of elements constituting the aerial display device 1 are housed in the housing.
  • the aerial display device 1 includes a light emitting surface 1A on the uppermost surface, and emits light for generating an aerial image 2 from the light emitting surface 1A.
  • a button push button is illustrated as the aerial image 2.
  • the sensing device 64 included in the aerial display device 1 forms a detection region 64A in a spatial region including the aerial image 2.
  • the detection area 64A is formed using infrared light.
  • the sensing device 64 detects the finger 3A of the observer 3.
  • the position calculation unit 60B calculates the position of the finger 3A of the observer 3 based on the plurality of detection signals sent from the sensing device 64. Thereby, the aerial display device 1 can display the button 2 toward the observer 3 and detect that the observer 3 has pressed the button 2.
  • FIG. 14 is a side view of the YZ plane explaining the operation of the optical correction element 30.
  • the display element 20 and the optical correction element 30 are extracted and shown.
  • FIG. 14 shows how the light rays are traced.
  • the orientation control element 40 controls the orientation of the spread of light in the XZ plane. Since the light shielding member 44 of the orientation control element 40 extends in the Y direction, the orientation control element 40 hardly controls the orientation of the spread of light in the YZ plane. Since the orientation control element 40 has almost no influence on the action of light in the YZ plane, the orientation control element 40 is not shown in the side view in the YZ plane of FIG. Similarly, the optical element 50 controls reflection with respect to the spread of light in the XZ plane. Since the optical element 52 of the optical element 50 extends in the Y direction, the optical element 50 hardly controls reflection with respect to the spread of light in the YZ plane. Since the optical element 50 has almost no influence on the action of light in the YZ plane, illustration of the optical element 50 is omitted in the side view in the YZ plane of FIG.
  • the display element 20 emits light toward the light correction element 30.
  • FIG. 14 shows light emitted from point "o" of the display element 20, and the light is emitted from the display element 20 with a predetermined spread.
  • the light incident on the light correction element 30 from the display element 20 is refracted by the plurality of first lens surfaces 31, and the light refracted by the plurality of first lens surfaces 31 is refracted by the plurality of second lens surfaces 32.
  • the light that has been refracted twice by the optical correction element 30 forms an image at a point "o'" in the air.
  • Point "o'" is the position where the aerial image 2 is formed.
  • the distance from point “o” to optical correction element 30 is the same as the distance from optical correction element 30 to point “o'.”
  • the position of the point “o'” is appropriately set by adjusting the distance between the display element 20 and the optical correction element 30 and the optical characteristics of the optical correction element 30 shown in FIG.
  • the light correction element 30 does not function as a lens for the spread of light in the XZ plane, so it hardly refracts the light rays in the XZ plane. That is, the light correction element 30 has almost no effect on the light rays in the XZ plane.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating how the observer 3 views the aerial image 2.
  • FIG. 15 is a side view in the YZ plane, and also shows the case where the observer 3 views the aerial display device 1 from the front.
  • a line connecting both eyes of the observer 3 is parallel to the X direction.
  • the sensing device 64 included in the aerial display device 1 forms a detection region 64A in a spatial region including the aerial image 2.
  • Aerial image 2 is formed at the same position as detection area 64A.
  • the observer 3 visually recognizes the aerial image 2 at the same position as the detection area 64A when viewed from the line of sight.
  • the operation in FIG. 15 corresponds to the operation in FIG. 13.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating how the observer 3 views the aerial image 2.
  • FIG. 16 is a side view in the YZ plane, and also shows the case where the observer 3 views the aerial display device 1 from a position shifted in the Y direction from the front of the aerial display device 1.
  • the observer 3 visually recognizes the light component in the left region of FIG. 16 of the light refracted by the light correction element 30. As a result, the observer 3 visually recognizes the aerial image 2 at the same position as the detection area 64A when viewed from the line of sight.
  • FIG. 17 is a perspective view illustrating the operation of the aerial display device 1 corresponding to FIG. 16.
  • the sensing device 64 forms a detection area 64A at a fixed position in space.
  • An observer 3 who observes the aerial display device 1 from a position shifted in the Y direction from the front of the aerial display device 1 visually recognizes an aerial image 2 in front of the aerial display device 1. Thereby, the sensing device 64 can detect the finger 3A of the observer 3 more accurately.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating how the observer 3 views the aerial image 2.
  • FIG. 18 is a side view in the YZ plane, and also shows the case where the observer 3 views the aerial display device 1 from a position shifted from the front of the aerial display device 1 in the direction opposite to the Y direction.
  • the observer 3 visually recognizes the light component in the region on the right side of FIG. 18 out of the light refracted by the light correction element 30.
  • the observer 3 visually recognizes the aerial image 2 at the same position as the detection area 64A when viewed from the line of sight.
  • FIG. 19 is a perspective view illustrating the operation of the aerial display device 1 corresponding to FIG. 18.
  • the sensing device 64 forms a detection area 64A at a fixed position in space.
  • An observer 3 who observes the aerial display device 1 from a position shifted from the front of the aerial display device 1 in a direction opposite to the Y direction visually recognizes an aerial image 2 in front of the aerial display device 1. Thereby, the sensing device 64 can detect the finger 3A of the observer 3 more accurately.
  • FIG. 20 is a perspective view illustrating the operation of the aerial display device 1 according to a comparative example.
  • the aerial display device 1 according to the comparative example has a configuration that does not include the optical correction element 30.
  • the optical correction element 30 is not present, the light emitted from the display element 20 is hardly refracted in the YZ plane. That is, the light emitted from the display element 20 passes through the optical element 50 almost linearly in the YZ plane.
  • the aerial image 2 moves in the Y direction together with the observer's 3 line of sight.
  • the aerial image 2 will be oriented in the direction opposite to the Y direction along with the line of sight of the observer 3. Moving.
  • the sensing device 64 forms a detection area 64A at a fixed position in space. In this case, the two types of aerial images 2 described above do not overlap with the detection area 64A. Therefore, even if the observer 3 touches the button as the aerial image 2 with the finger 3A, the sensing device 64 may not be able to detect the finger 3A of the observer 3.
  • the aerial display device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a light correction element 30 that refracts light in the YZ plane.
  • the operation of the aerial display device 1 according to this embodiment is as described above. Thereby, the present embodiment can solve the problems caused by the comparative example.
  • FIG. 21 is a side view in the XZ plane of the aerial display device 1 according to the modification.
  • the optical correction element 30 may be arranged between the orientation control element 40 and the optical element 50. Even in the aerial display device 1 according to the modification, the same operation as in the above embodiment can be realized.
  • the aerial image 2 can be displayed in the air by reflecting the light emitted from the display element 20 by the optical element 50. Further, the aerial image 2 can be displayed in the front direction of the aerial display device 1. Furthermore, it is possible to realize an aerial display device that can improve display quality.
  • the light correction element 30 refracts the light toward the normal side of the aerial display device 1 in the YZ plane. Therefore, even when the observer 3 moves his line of sight along the Y direction (the direction in which the optical element 52 of the optical element 50 extends), the aerial image 2 is displayed at the same position as when viewed from the front of the aerial display device 1. be able to.
  • the aerial display device 1 includes a sensing device 64.
  • the sensing device 64 forms a detection region 64A in a spatial region including the aerial image 2, and can detect objects present in this detection region 64A.
  • the aerial display device 1 can display the aerial image 2 superimposed on the detection area 64A. Therefore, when the observer 3 touches the aerial image 2 with the finger 3A, the finger 3A of the observer 3 can be detected more accurately.
  • the observer 3 when the observer 3 views the optical element 50 with both eyes parallel to the X direction (that is, the direction in which the plurality of optical elements 52 are lined up) or in a state close to it, the observer 3 visually recognizes the aerial image. be able to. Further, when the observer 3 moves his/her viewpoint along the Y direction with both eyes parallel to the X direction or in a state close to it, the aerial image can always be visually recognized. Moreover, a wider viewing angle can be achieved when both eyes of the observer 3 are parallel to the X direction or in a state close to it.
  • a plurality of elements constituting the aerial display device 1 can be arranged in parallel. Thereby, it is possible to realize an aerial display device 1 that can be downsized in the Z direction.
  • the display element 20 and the optical element 50 are arranged in parallel.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the display element 20 may be arranged diagonally with respect to the optical element 50.
  • the angle between the display element 20 and the optical element 50 is set in a range greater than 0 degrees and smaller than 45 degrees.
  • the light correction element 30 is arranged parallel to the display element 20, and the orientation control element 40 is omitted.
  • the left side surface of the optical element 52 is defined as the incident surface 53
  • the right side surface is defined as the reflective surface 54.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the incident surface 53 and the reflective surface 54 may be configured in reverse. In this case, the left and right functions of the aerial display device 1 described in the embodiment are also reversed.
  • a liquid crystal display element is used as an example of the display element 20, but the present invention is not limited to this, and various types of display elements can be used.
  • the display element 20 can be, for example, a self-luminous organic EL (electroluminescence) display element, a micro LED (light emitting diode) display element, or the like.
  • a micro LED display element is a display element that uses LEDs to emit light for each of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) that constitute a pixel. When using the self-luminous display element 20, the lighting element 10 is not necessary.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be variously modified at the implementation stage without departing from the spirit thereof.
  • each embodiment may be implemented in combination as appropriate, and in that case, the combined effect can be obtained.
  • the embodiments described above include various inventions, and various inventions can be extracted by combinations selected from the plurality of constituent features disclosed. For example, if a problem can be solved and an effect can be obtained even if some constituent features are deleted from all the constituent features shown in the embodiment, the configuration from which these constituent features are deleted can be extracted as an invention.
  • SYMBOLS 1...Aerial display device, 2...Aerial image, 3...Observer, 10...Illumination element, 11...Light source section, 12...Light guide plate, 13...Reflection sheet, 20...Display element, 30...Light correction element, 31...th 1 lens surface, 32... Second lens surface, 40... Orientation control element, 41, 42... Base material, 43... Transparent member, 44... Light blocking member, 50... Optical element, 51... Base material, 52...
  • Optical element 53 ...Incidence surface, 54...Reflection surface, 60...Control unit, 60A...Display processing unit, 60B...Position calculation unit, 60C...Information processing unit, 61...Storage unit, 62...Input/output interface, 63...Display unit, 64... Sensing device, 64A... detection area, 65... input section, 66... bus.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'affichage aérien comprenant : un élément d'affichage (20) qui affiche une image ; un élément de correction de lumière (30) qui est disposé pour recevoir la lumière émise par l'élément d'affichage (20) et réfracte la lumière émise par l'élément d'affichage (20) vers le côté normal orthogonal à celui-ci dans un plan ; et un élément optique (50) qui est disposé pour recevoir la lumière émise par l'élément de correction de lumière (30), et réfléchit la lumière émise par l'élément de correction de lumière (30) vers le côté opposé à l'élément de correction optique (30) pour former une image aérienne dans l'air.
PCT/JP2023/025303 2022-07-22 2023-07-07 Dispositif d'affichage aérien WO2024018929A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2022117310A JP2024014464A (ja) 2022-07-22 2022-07-22 空中表示装置
JP2022-117310 2022-07-22

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WO2024018929A1 true WO2024018929A1 (fr) 2024-01-25

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WO (1) WO2024018929A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013182121A (ja) * 2012-03-01 2013-09-12 Seiko Epson Corp 表示装置
JP2021139932A (ja) * 2020-03-02 2021-09-16 凸版印刷株式会社 空中表示装置
JP2022063376A (ja) * 2020-10-12 2022-04-22 凸版印刷株式会社 空中表示装置
WO2022138297A1 (fr) * 2020-12-21 2022-06-30 マクセル株式会社 Dispositif d'affichage d'image aérienne

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013182121A (ja) * 2012-03-01 2013-09-12 Seiko Epson Corp 表示装置
JP2021139932A (ja) * 2020-03-02 2021-09-16 凸版印刷株式会社 空中表示装置
JP2022063376A (ja) * 2020-10-12 2022-04-22 凸版印刷株式会社 空中表示装置
WO2022138297A1 (fr) * 2020-12-21 2022-06-30 マクセル株式会社 Dispositif d'affichage d'image aérienne

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