WO2024017065A1

WO2024017065A1 - Purification circuit, method for flushing purification circuit, and dialysis device

Info

Publication number: WO2024017065A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/106027
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李祥海
Original assignee: 上海心光生物医药有限责任公司
Priority date: 2022-07-20
Filing date: 2023-07-06
Publication date: 2024-01-25

Abstract

A purification circuit, a method for flushing a purification circuit, and a dialysis device. The purification circuit, in which a gas collection chamber (7) is additionally arranged in the purification circuit, is used to enrich a gas from flowing liquid, collect the gas, remove the gas, etc. For example, in the case of dialysis treatment, a dialysis apparatus (6) can be flushed and degassed even without turning the dialysis apparatus (6) upside down when flushing operations are required. By driving a fluid in a pipeline in reverse and by adding an additional gas collection chamber (7) downstream of the dialysis apparatus (6), when liquid flows from a venous end to the gas collection chamber (7) through a venous pot (93) and to the bottom end of the dialysis apparatus (6), a certain volume of a gas can be enriched in the gas collection chamber (7); and the gas in the gas collection chamber (7) preferentially flows out from the top of the gas collection chamber, such that the gas in the gas collection chamber (7) can be discharged in timely manner in a treatment mode.

Description

Purification circuits, methods of flushing purification circuits, and dialysis equipment

Technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a purification circuit, a method for flushing the purification circuit, a system for precharging and emptying the purification circuit, and dialysis equipment.

Background technique

Blood purification refers to the process of drawing blood out of the body, removing toxins from the blood through various physical and chemical methods, and then returning it to the body. Hemodialysis is a process in which blood is taken out of the body, passes through the permeable membrane and hollow fiber membrane of the hemodialysis machine to remove metabolic waste, impurities and excess water in the blood, and then the purified blood is transported back to the body. Currently, there are more than 3.6 million end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients receiving hemodialysis treatment worldwide, and the number is increasing year by year.

At present, the vast majority of patients around the world need to go to dialysis centers for treatment, three times a week, for about 4 hours at a time. Patients are often exhausted after the long journey and treatment, and this daily treatment has led to more than 80% of the unemployment rate. . When the COVID-19 epidemic broke out, this necessary going out actually increased the risk of infection. In 2020, more than 15,000 ESRD patients died from COVID-19 infection in the United States. Home hemodialysis (HHD) allows patients to have freedom of treatment in space and time. Patients can flexibly arrange their daily life, including normal work, taking care of family members or socializing. Therefore, home hemodialysis (HHD) performed at home has attracted more and more attention from the industry. For example, the US CMS has specifically encouraged and subsidized HHD through the ESRD Treatment Choices (ETC) Model.

However, current hemodialysis systems are generally not suitable for home use. One of the reasons for this is that the dialysis equipment is too large and bulky, generally weighing 60-80Kg, and requires additional water treatment systems. The dialysis machines currently widely used in dialysis centers are single-pass water dialysis machines (Single Pass). Each treatment consumes an average of 500L tap water or 120L pure water, and the dialysis equipment requires a large amount of heat to heat 120L of cold water. Therefore, Extremely consumes electrical energy. Current equipment requires extensive modifications to household waterways and electrical circuits to meet the needs of dialysis equipment. Single-Pass type dialysis machines require complex flow balancing technology to ensure the accuracy of dehydration and ultrafiltration, so their manufacturing costs are very high and expensive. Patients need to purchase an expensive dialysis equipment and water treatment separately. system. Even if some families adopt HHD treatment methods, the operation methods of these devices still continue to be used in dialysis centers, which are very cumbersome and complex. Patients or patients’ family members need to undergo about 100 hours of training according to nurse standards, which greatly increases the It is difficult for ordinary people to master the relevant operations. Of course, it also greatly limits the development of HHD.

Contents of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned related technologies, the purpose of this application is to provide a purification circuit, a method for flushing the purification circuit, a system for precharging and emptying the purification circuit, and dialysis equipment to solve the complex operation of the equipment in the prior art. And other issues.

In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the first aspect of the present application provides a purification circuit, including a pipeline, a driving device provided on the pipeline, and a gas collecting chamber connected to the pipeline, wherein the gas collecting chamber The gas chamber includes a reverse gas collection chamber for enriching the gas in the purification circuit when the fluid in the purification circuit flows in reverse direction.

A second aspect of the present application discloses a method for flushing a purification circuit. The purification circuit includes a first line for connecting to human arteries and blood vessels, a driving device provided on the first line, and a driving device connected to the first line. A dialysis device, and a second line connected to the dialysis device; the method includes the following steps: setting a gas collection chamber on the second line, and connecting the arterial end of the first line with the vein of the second line. End-to-end connection and communication; and allowing the prefill liquid applied in the purification circuit to flow from the second line to the first line, so that the gas pre-stored in the dialysis device or/and the first line is enriched into the air collection chamber.

A third aspect of this application discloses a dialysis equipment, including: a purification circuit, including a first line, a dialysis passage connected to the first line, and a second line connected to the dialysis passage; wherein, on the second line A gas collection chamber is provided; the gas collection chamber is used to enrich the gas in the purification circuit when the fluid in the purification circuit flows from the second line to the first line; a driving device is provided in the third line. A line is used to drive the fluid to flow forward or reverse in the purification circuit; a dialysis device is provided on the dialysis passage and is used to purify the fluid flowing in the purification circuit and pass the built-in A purification membrane for fluid purification forms a fluid flow path for patient fluid flow and a dialysate flow path for dialysate flow; a control device for executing a flushing mode to flush the purification circuit and enrich the gas in the purification circuit. Collected in the gas collection chamber; or after executing the treatment mode to purify the fluid flowing in the purification circuit, and then input it into the human body.

The fourth aspect of this application discloses a system for pre-filling and emptying purification circuits, including: a liquid storage container, used to store pre-fill liquid and recover empty waste liquid, including a container body, and a container body located on the container body The first interface and the second interface are used as the inlet and outlet of liquid or/and gas; in the pre-filling mode, the outlet of the liquid in the liquid storage container is at a low position; in the emptying mode, the outlet of the gas in the liquid storage container The outlet is at a high position; a circulation loop has one end connected to the first interface and the other end connected to the second interface; a driving device is located on the circulation loop between the first interface and the second interface for The driving fluid flows forward or reversely in the circulation loop.

The fifth aspect of this application discloses a dialysis equipment, a liquid storage container, used to store pre-filled liquid and recover emptied waste liquid, including a container body, and a container body provided on the container body for serving as a liquid or/and gas inlet and outlet. The first interface and the second interface; in the pre-filling mode, the outlet of the liquid in the liquid storage container is at a low position; in the emptying mode, the gas in the liquid storage container The outlet is at a high level; the circulation loop includes a first line and a second line connected to the first line, and in the precharge mode or emptying mode of the circulation loop, the input end of the first line is connected The output end of the second line, the first interface is connected to the first section of the circulation loop, the first interface is connected to the second section of the circulation loop; in the treatment mode, the The input end of the first line is connected to the first part of the human body, and the output end of the second line is connected to the second part; a driving device is provided on the first line and is located between the second section and the first section in the circulation loop. The dialysis device is used to purify the fluid flowing in the circulation loop, and forms a flow pattern of the patient's fluid through the built-in purification membrane used to purify the fluid. a fluid flow path and a dialysate flow path for dialysate flow; a control device for executing a precharge mode to precharge the circulation loop, and for executing a treatment mode to purify and input the fluid flowing in the circulation loop The human body, or used to execute the emptying mode to recover the waste liquid in the circulation loop by discharging it into the liquid storage container.

In summary, the purification circuit, the method for flushing the purification circuit, and the dialysis equipment proposed in this application adopt the application to add a purification circuit of the gas collecting chamber on the second line, so that during the flushing operation, even if the dialysis device is not turned upside down Flushing and exhausting of the dialysis device can also be achieved under normal circumstances. This application drives the fluid in the pipeline in reverse direction and adds an additional gas collecting chamber downstream of the dialyzer device. When the liquid flows from the venous end through the venous pot to the gas collecting chamber and When flowing to the bottom of the dialysis device, the gas collection chamber can enrich a certain amount of gas. Since the gas in the gas collection chamber will preferentially flow out from the top, the gas in the gas collection chamber can be timely discharged in the treatment mode. Gas is discharged.

In addition, the system for prefilling and emptying the purification circuit proposed in this application can be connected to a liquid storage container in the circulation loop and matched with the working mode of the driving device, or the upright or inverted state of the liquid storage container. Realize two operations of pre-charging and emptying, that is, in the pre-charging mode, the outlet of the liquid in the liquid storage container is at a low position; and in the emptying mode, the outlet of the gas in the liquid storage container is at a high level ; Compared with the conventional operation in the prior art, the system of the present application has a simple structure, convenient operation, and low learning cost. It does not require the operator to repeatedly invert the dialyzer to continuously cycle and precharge. Furthermore, the application of the system of the present application allows the dialyzer to be emptied after being emptied. It can handle medical waste such as pipelines and waste liquids more scientifically.

Description of drawings

The specific features of the invention to which this application relates are set forth in the appended claims. The features and advantages of the invention to which this application relates can be better understood by reference to the exemplary embodiments described in detail below and the accompanying drawings. A brief description of the drawings is as follows:

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the system of precharging and emptying the purification circuit of the present application in one embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the first and second interfaces in an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the positions of the first and second interfaces in another embodiment of the present application.

Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the positions of the first and second interfaces in yet another embodiment of the present application.

Figures 5a to 5c respectively show the positions of the first and second interfaces in some embodiments of the present application.

Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of fluid flow in a pre-charge mode embodiment of the present application.

Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the fluid flow direction in an emptying mode embodiment of the present application.

Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the fluid flow direction in another evacuation mode embodiment of the present application.

Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the positions of the first and second interfaces in another embodiment of the present application.

Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the fluid flow direction in another pre-charging mode embodiment of the present application.

Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of the fluid flow direction in yet another evacuation mode embodiment of the present application.

Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the first valve component and the second valve component in an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of a liquid storage container connected to a circulation loop in an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of a liquid storage container connected to a circulation loop in an embodiment of the present application.

Figures 15a to 15c respectively show schematic diagrams of different working states of the flow channel switching valve in an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of the working state of the flow channel switching valve in another embodiment of the present application.

Figures 17a to 17c respectively show schematic diagrams of different working states of the flow channel switching valve in an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 18 shows a schematic diagram of the dialysis equipment of the present application in an embodiment.

Figure 19 shows a schematic diagram of a treatment mode embodiment of the dialysis device of the present application.

Figure 20 shows a schematic diagram of the purification circuit of the present application in one embodiment.

Figure 21 shows a schematic diagram of the air collection chamber and its connection relationship in the purification circuit of this application.

Figure 22 shows a schematic diagram of the fluid flow of the purification circuit of the present application in a flushing embodiment.

Figure 23 shows a schematic diagram of the fluid flow of the purification circuit of the present application in a treatment embodiment.

Figure 24 shows a schematic diagram of a gas collection chamber using another structure in an embodiment of the purification circuit of the present application.

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of the purification circuit of the present application using an air collection chamber with another structure in another embodiment.

Figure 26 shows a schematic structural diagram of the gas collection chamber in one embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 27 shows a schematic diagram of the air collecting cavity of the present application, which is generally A-shaped or inverted V-shaped in one embodiment.

FIG. 28 shows a schematic diagram of the air collection chamber of the present application having a roughly inverted U-shaped or n-shaped structure in one embodiment.

FIG. 29 shows a schematic diagram of an internal substantially mountain-shaped structure of the air collecting cavity of the present application in one embodiment.

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present application will be described below with specific examples. Those familiar with this technology can understand the contents disclosed in this specification. You can easily understand other advantages and functions of this application through the disclosed content.

In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the application. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and mechanical, structural, electrical, as well as operational changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. The following detailed description should not be considered limiting, and the scope of embodiments of the present application is limited only by the claims of the published patent. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. Spatially related terms, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "below", "below", "bottom", "above", "upper", etc., may be used in the text to facilitate explanation The relationship of one element or feature to another illustrated in the figures.

Although in some instances the terms first, second, etc. are used herein to describe various elements or parameters, these elements or parameters should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element or parameter from another element or parameter. For example, a first interface could be termed a second interface, and similarly, a second interface could be termed a first interface, without departing from the scope of the various described embodiments. The first interface and the second interface both describe an interface, but unless the context makes it clear otherwise, they are not the same interface. Similar situations also include the first communication member and the second valve member, or the first communication member and the second valve member.

Furthermore, as used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context indicates otherwise. It should be further understood that the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, items, categories, and/or groups, but do not exclude one or more other features, steps, operations, The presence, occurrence, or addition of elements, components, items, categories, and/or groups. The terms "or" and "and/or" as used herein are to be construed as inclusive or to mean any one or any combination. Therefore, "A, B or C" or "A, B and/or C" means "any of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B and C" . Exceptions to this definition occur only when the combination of elements, functions, steps, or operations is inherently mutually exclusive in some manner.

In the treatment preparation procedure using hemodialysis equipment, one or more bags of prefill fluid (usually physiological saline or physiological saline buffer) are generally required to prefill the pipeline and remove air bubbles in the pipeline and the dialyzer. In most designs and solutions, the arterial side of the blood pipeline has a special "interface" connected to the above-mentioned prefilled bag. This interface is often upstream of the blood pump and located between the arterial interface and the blood pump. The operation process is to connect the prefilled bag and the interface, start the blood pump, and the flow direction of the physiological saline is the arterial end, pass through the dialyzer, and be delivered to the venous end. In some designs or operating guidelines, a waste bag is also used, and the prefilled saline flows directly into the waste bag. In the above operation, the process of precharging the pipeline is called "precharging" in practice.

Then you need to enter the "flush" procedure, connect the arterial end and the venous end of the blood pipeline, turn the dialyzer upside down so that the physiological saline flows from bottom to top, and continue to cycle flush to evacuate the bubbles in the dialyzer. A process that in practice is called "rinse". Because in the vast majority of dialysis equipment and consumables, most of the arterial bottles and venous bottles in cone-shaped containers are placed vertically, such as prefill fluid (usually saline or saline buffer) or blood, etc. The fluid flows from top to bottom, so that gas or bubbles will be concentrated in the upper space of the arterial or venous pot. If bubbles or gas need to be removed from the arterial pot, the traditional method of operation is for medical staff to turn the arterial pot upside down, while the way to remove air bubbles from the venous pot is to use a degassing pump. During this process, the liquid level in the venous pot will be elevated.

As mentioned above, in the operation of dialysis equipment, it is usually necessary to prefill the dialysis pipeline and dialyzer with prefill fluid. Since there are about 8000-10000 small hollow fibers in the dialyzer, a one-time prefill operation cannot Drain the air bubbles inside, and the remaining air bubbles will affect the exchange efficiency of the dialyzer. Therefore, after completing the pre-charging, medical staff need to connect the arterial end and the venous end of the pipeline, and turn the dialyzer upside down so that the liquid passing through the dialyzer flows from bottom to top. This cycle of flushing takes about 5 minutes. In addition, the adsorption column for water circuit circulation also needs to be "flushed" after pre-charging, which increases the operating cost and learning difficulty. For example, when pre-filling the pipeline mentioned above, medical staff need to invert the arterial pot to keep the liquid level in the arterial pot at a high level. For another example, after completing "pre-charging", medical staff often need to adjust the height of the liquid level by opening and closing the vent of the intravenous pot; or some dialysis equipment has electric adjustment devices, but medical staff still need to manually press the buttons based on experience. to adjust the fluid level of the intravenous pot. If the blood pump is reversed without inverting the dialyzer, the air bubbles will escape from the arterial pot to the blood pump and then to the venous pot and eventually flow into the dialyzer.

In the operation of most dialysis equipment, after the blood return is completed, there is no need to drain the water, or the nurse can only drain it manually. The process of draining the pipeline is called "draining" in practice. At this time, the arterial end and venous end of the blood line still need to be connected/connected; the evacuated water residue not only increases the weight of the medical waste, but also increases the risk of contamination. Therefore, a better way is to separate solid waste and liquid waste, discard the solid waste centrally, and introduce the liquid waste into the wastewater pipeline.

The above operations, especially compared to home hemodialysis (HHD), are still cumbersome and complicated, and make it more difficult for ordinary people to master the relevant operations. As mentioned above, when using dialysis equipment for blood purification, the conventional operation process includes The process of connecting, priming, flushing, treating, returning blood, draining water and disconnecting and discarding the pipeline. The technical solution provided by this application will be described in subsequent embodiments involving the processes of "precharging", "emptying", and "flushing". To this end, this application provides a system for pre-charging and emptying a purification circuit, as well as dialysis equipment and dialysis equipment suitable for the system. This application also provides a purification circuit, a method for flushing the purification circuit, and dialysis equipment. Elaborate.

In view of the above problems, this application proposes a system for prefilling and emptying the purification circuit, which can be used in the field of hemodialysis in various modes and medical scenarios such as hospital treatment and home treatment, especially in blood purification equipment, such as in in blood purification systems or hemodialysis machines. Of course, the system for prefilling and emptying the purification circuit of this application can also be applied to the field of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Peritoneal dialysis is to inject dialysate into the peritoneal cavity and use the peritoneal filtration in the body to remove it. Metabolic waste and excess water in the blood are one of the treatments for renal failure other than hemodialysis. Before covered dialysis, the extracorporeal circulation line also needs to be prefilled and flushed. After the treatment, the extracorporeal circulation line needs to be cleaned. Road for emptying operation.

Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of a pre-charging and emptying purification circuit system of the present application in one embodiment. As shown in the figure, the pre-charging and emptying purification circuit system of the present application includes a liquid storage container. 1. Circulation circuit 2, and drive device 3.

The liquid storage container 1 is used to store pre-filled liquid and recover emptied waste liquid, and includes a container body 10, and a first interface and a second interface provided on the container body 10 for serving as liquid or/and gas inlets and outlets. Interface; the first interface or the second interface is both the inlet and outlet of the fluid in the container body. In FIG. 1 , the first interface is marked as 11 and the second interface is marked as 12 .

In this application, the liquid storage container can be switched between upright and inverted states, that is, the state in which the liquid storage container is placed upright is upright, and the state in which the liquid storage container is placed upside down is inverted. In order to switch between the two states more simply, state, and also includes a mechanism for upright or inverting the liquid storage container. In one embodiment, the mechanism is, for example, a plate body or a frame body on which the liquid storage container is placed. The plate body or frame body There is a structure for fixing the liquid storage container and a positioning structure for positioning the upright state and the inverted state, so that the upright state of the liquid storage container can be stabilized when the liquid storage container is placed upright, or the inversion can be stabilized when it is turned upside down. state.

In this application, the liquid storage container has two working modes in the pre-filling and emptying purification circuit system, that is, in the pre-filling mode, the outlet of the liquid in the liquid storage container is at a low position; in the emptying mode down, the outlet of the gas in the liquid storage container is at a high position; for example, in the prefill mode, the second interface is at a lower height so that the prefill liquid in the liquid storage container preferentially enters the circulation loop from the second interface in the pipeline, and in the emptying mode, the first interface is at a higher height so that the gas/bubbles in the liquid storage container preferentially enter the pipeline in the circulation loop from the first interface. In this application, the switching between the pre-filling mode and the emptying mode can be achieved by adjusting the flow direction of the fluid and/or switching the liquid storage container upright or inverted, which will be described in detail later.

In one embodiment, the liquid storage container is a soft pre-filled liquid bag, such as a liquid bag made of medical plastic; in another embodiment, the liquid storage container is a hard pre-filled liquid bottle. , such as liquid bottles or tanks made of glass. In order to facilitate observation of the liquid content in the container body, in some embodiments, the container body is made of transparent material, and the surface can be marked with a volume scale.

In this application, the "pre-filling liquid" refers to the pre-filling liquid used in the blood purification control device. In the embodiment, the liquid is, for example, physiological saline or physiological buffer.

In this application, the liquid storage container has two first interfaces and a second interface with different height positions, so that when the liquid storage container is in an upright state or an inverted state, the first interface and the second interface are not at the same height. For example, in When the liquid storage container is in an upright position, the first interface is at a high position and the second interface is at a low position. Correspondingly, when the liquid storage container is in an inverted state, the first interface is located at a low position and the second interface is located at a high position. In a specific implementation, based on the requirements for piping configuration connected to the circulation loop, the first interface and the second interface may be at symmetrical positions or relatively offset, such as one on the left and one on the right.

In one embodiment, the first interface is located at a high position in the container body; the second interface is located at a low position in the container body. In an example, please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic diagram of the positions of the first and second interfaces in an embodiment of the present application. When the liquid storage container 1 is in an upright state as shown in the figure, the first The interface 11 is an opening opened at the top of the container body 10 ; the second interface 12 is an opening opened at the bottom of the container body 10 . The first interface 11 and the second interface 12 are openings or openings made by tubular joints.

In another example, please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram showing the position of the first and second interfaces in another embodiment of the present application. When the liquid storage container is in the upright state as shown in the figure, the third interface An interface 11 is a long tube that extends to the internal space of the container body 10 and is located at a first height; the second interface 12 is an opening at the bottom of the container body 10, where When the liquid storage container is in an upright state, the first height is higher than the opening. In a specific implementation, the first height can be designed with different lengths according to the space of the container body and the amount of flushing liquid required to be stored, and the second interface is an opening or an opening made by a tubular joint.

In another example, please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic diagram of the positions of the first and second interfaces in another embodiment of the present application. When the liquid storage container is in the upright state as shown in the figure, the third interface An interface 11 is a pipeline that extends to the internal space of the container body 10 and is located at a first height; the second interface 12 is a pipeline that extends to the internal space of the container body 10 and is located at a second height. When the liquid storage container is in an upright state, the first height is higher than the second height. For example, the first interface adopts a long pipe, and the second interface adopts a short pipe, so that there is a height difference between the two, so as to form two first interfaces and second interfaces with different heights. The different positions allow the horizontal heights of the first interface and the second interface to be interchanged when the liquid storage container is in an upright state or an inverted state.

In yet another embodiment, when the liquid storage container is in the upright state, in order to ensure that in the emptying mode, the gas located in the container body can be discharged from the liquid storage container into the pipeline of the circulation loop preferentially, as described above. For the structure of the liquid storage container shown in Figures 2 to 4, please refer to Figures 5a to 5c, which are schematic diagrams of the positions of the first and second interfaces in some embodiments of the present application. The liquid storage container shown in the figure is In the setting state, the first interface 11 is located above the liquid level of the prefill liquid 13 in the container body 10 when it is full.

One end of the circulation loop 2 is connected to the first interface 11 of the liquid storage container 1, and the other end is connected to the second interface 12 of the liquid storage container 1, thereby incorporating the liquid storage container 1 into the circulation loop; In this application, the circulation loop is Refers to the purification circuit used for pre-charging and emptying. It should be understood that in the flushing program, the circulation loop can also be regarded as a flushing loop.

Still taking hemodialysis as an example, the purification circuit described in the system of this application is a vascular access system for extracorporeal blood circulation established during the process of blood purification and hemodialysis by using a puncture needle to obtain blood and return the treated blood. In the purification circuit of this application, the pipelines used can be set as blood transport pipelines, medicinal liquid transport pipelines, or dedicated pipelines for peristaltic pumps. The pipeline materials include but are not limited to soft polyvinyl chloride plastic, high-quality Performance Polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), nano-biomedical materials, resin materials, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), polyether urethane (PEU), polyurethane (PU) ), polyester (PET), etc.

It will be understood that "conduit" or "tubing" as disclosed in this application refers to components that can be fluidly coupled to each other to provide a path for transferring fluids (i.e., saline, blood, or plasma, etc.) between the components. . "Catheter" as so used broadly includes a tube, pipe, hose, conduit, or other structure having one or more lumens adapted to convey fluid between two ends. Typically, the tube is an elongated cylindrical structure with some flexibility, but the geometry and rigidity can vary. In some embodiments, multiple components may also be coupled by physical proximity, integrally formed into a single structure, or formed from the same piece of material.

The cycle is used to represent a unit formed by hardware or structures formed by pipelines, connected or associated equipment in the pipelines, such as containers, driving devices, dialysis devices, etc., and includes fluids in the aforementioned hardware or structures such as pipelines. , and the prefill fluid added to the pipeline, etc., constitute a fluid circulation path connected end to end.

In some embodiments of the present application, the circulation circuit includes a first line, a second line, and a dialysate line disposed between the first line and the second line for communicating with a dialysis device.

In the embodiment where the dialysis equipment is a hemodialysis equipment, the first line is an arterial blood line, and the second line is a venous blood line. Wherein, the arterial blood line includes an arterial end that intervenes in human arterial blood vessels and an arterial pipeline connecting the arterial end and a dialysis device. A driving device is provided on the arterial pipeline. In some cases, the arterial pipeline is connected to An arterial pot is also provided on the line before the dialysis device; the arterial pipeline is also provided with necessary components or components such as an arterial pressure sensor, an arterial valve, a hydrophobic filter, a heparin syringe, and a heparin pump.

The venous blood line includes a venous end that intervenes in the human body's venous blood vessels, and a venous pipeline that connects the venous end and the dialysis device. A venous pot is provided on the venous pipeline. In some cases, a venous pot is provided on the venous pipeline. Necessary components or components such as venous pressure sensor, hydrophobic filter, venous pot three-way valve, exhaust pipeline connected to the venous pot, liquid level sensor, air sensor, venous valve/clip, photoelectric sensor, etc.

It should be noted that in the several operating modes of "pre-filling", "flushing" and "emptying", the arterial end of the arterial blood line and the venous end of the venous blood line need to be connected/connected. In order to form a circular loop.

The dialysate line includes a dialysate inlet and a dialysate outlet, which are used to input dialysate into the dialysis device and output it after processing. It should be understood that the dialysate line also includes necessary components or components such as necessary valves and sensors. .

Please refer to Figure 1 again. The driving device 3 is provided on the circulation circuit 2 between the first interface 11 and the second interface 12, and is used to drive fluid (such as prefill fluid or blood) in the circulation. Forward flow or reverse flow in loop 2. It should be noted that during the hemodialysis treatment process, the dialysis equipment drives the blood flow from the arterial end to the venous end to be a forward flow.

In embodiments, the driving device includes but is not limited to a peristaltic pump, a pneumatic diaphragm pump, or a pressure pump, and is used to provide power to the fluid in the pipeline so that the fluid circulates in a preset flow direction. Here, in an application scenario for medical purposes, the driving device should not directly contact the fluid, but only apply pressure to the pipeline and drive the fluid to flow. In the application examples of hemodialysis or membrane dialysis, the preferred solution of the driving device is a non-contact pump device such as a peristaltic pump or a pneumatic diaphragm pump. More specifically, the peristaltic pump is, for example, a dialysis pump or a blood pump. The forward rotation and reverse rotation (reverse rotation) of the peristaltic pump will cause the flow direction of the fluid in the circulation loop to be different. In an application example in which the circulation loop is a water circuit, the driving device may be a contact drive pump or the like to drive the fluid to flow in the forward or reverse direction in the circulation loop.

It should be understood that the driving device can drive the fluid in the pipeline at different positions in the pipeline. The flow rate of the fluid may change due to factors such as pipeline resistance, temperature, pressure, etc. in the direction of fluid flow. However, In the embodiments provided in this application that are applied in the field of dialysis, the driving device is provided on the circulation circuit, particularly on the pipeline adjacent to the second interface, that is, on the arterial blood line of the purification circuit.

In an actual scenario, the driving device can control the fluid flow rate in the pipeline based on application requirements. During the above-mentioned hemodialysis process of purifying blood, the blood drawn from the human body is controlled by the blood pump to the The flow rate of the blood to be treated introduced into the circulation loop is within a preset range to ensure patient safety. The driving device controls the fluid flow rate to ensure the dynamic balance of the total amount of fluid in the pipeline. During the cycle, the pressure in the pipeline can maintain a constant value or a fluctuation range determined by the constant value, thereby avoiding pressure changes in the pipeline. The cycle is therefore sustainable due to problems such as pipe rupture, negative pressure suction, and destruction of fluid components such as the rupture of red blood cells in the blood.

To sum up, the system of prefilling and emptying the purification circuit of this application is connected to a liquid storage container in the circulation loop and cooperates with the working mode of the driving device, or the upright or inverted state of the liquid storage container. Two operations of pre-charging and emptying can be realized, that is, in the pre-charging mode, the outlet of the liquid in the liquid storage container is at a low position; and in the emptying mode, the outlet of the gas in the liquid storage container is At a high level; compared with the conventional operation in the prior art, the system of the present application has a simple structure, convenient operation, low learning cost, and does not require the operator to repeatedly invert the dialyzer to continuously cycle and precharge. Furthermore, the application of the system of the present application makes the discharge After emptying, medical waste such as pipelines and waste liquids can be disposed of more scientifically and rationally.

Please refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of the fluid flow direction in a pre-charging mode embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, in the pre-charging mode, the driving device 3 is in a forward rotation state to drive the liquid storage container 1 The prefill liquid flows into the circulation loop 2 from the second interface 12 .

In this embodiment, when the system starts the pre-charging mode, the liquid storage container 1 is in an upright state, that is, the second interface 12 is at the bottom (ie, low position) of the container body 10, and the first interface 11 is at the bottom of the container body 10. The top (i.e., high position) of the body 10 , for example, the driving device 3 of a peristaltic pump rotates forward to drive the fluid in the circulation circuit 2 to flow forward, that is, the liquid located in the liquid storage container 1 , such as a pre-filled liquid. It flows from the second interface 12 at the lower level to the pipeline of the circulation loop 2, and flows forward through the circulation loop 2, and finally flows into the liquid storage container from the first interface 11 at the upper level. Before that, there was originally The gas in the pipeline (or the processing device such as a dialyzer, etc. connected in the pipeline) in the circulation circuit 2 will be discharged from the pipeline earlier than the liquid, such as the prefill liquid, due to the forward driving of the driving device 3 The first interface 11 enters the liquid storage container 1. In this embodiment, since liquid flows out from the lower second interface 12 more easily than gas, the gas is retained above the liquid level, and thus is prefilled while also The gas in the circulation loop 2 can be enriched in the liquid storage container 1 .

Please refer to Figure 7 , which is a schematic diagram of the fluid flow direction in an embodiment of the present application in the emptying mode. As shown in the figure, in the emptying mode, the driving device 3 is in a reverse state to drive the liquid storage container 1 The gas in the gas is discharged from the first interface 11 into the circulation loop 2 .

In this embodiment, when the system starts the emptying mode, the liquid storage container 1 is in an upright state, that is, the second interface 12 is at the bottom (i.e., low position) of the container body 10, and the first interface 11 is at the bottom of the container body 10. The top (i.e., high position) of the body 10, for example, is reversed (reversed) by the driving device 3 of a peristaltic pump, driving the fluid in the circulation circuit 2 to flow in the reverse direction, that is, the gas originally enriched in the liquid storage container 1 Priority flows from the first interface 11 located at a high level to the pipeline of the circulation loop 2, and the liquid originally existing in the pipeline of the circulation loop 2 will flow into the liquid storage from the second interface 12 located at a low level. Container 1 lasts for a period of time, so that all the liquid in the pipeline of circulation loop 2 enters the liquid storage container 1, then stops the driving device and closes the passage of the second interface, thereby completing the recovery of the emptied waste. Liquid operation.

Please refer to Figure 8, which is a schematic diagram of the fluid flow direction in another draining mode embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, in the draining mode, the liquid storage container 1 is in an inverted state and the driving device 3 is in an inverted state. The forward rotation state drives the gas in the liquid storage container to be discharged from the second interface 12 into the circulation loop 2 . When the liquid storage container is in an inverted state, the relationship between the high and low positions of the first and second interfaces will be changed; in this embodiment, when the liquid storage container 1 is in an inverted state, the first interface 11 is in a low position, and the first interface 11 is in a low position. The second interface 12 is located at a high position.

In this embodiment, when the system starts the emptying mode, the liquid storage container 1 is in an inverted state, that is, the first interface 11 is at the bottom (ie, low position) of the container body 10, and the second interface 12 is at the bottom of the container body 10. The top of 10 (i.e. high level), for example For example, if the driving device 3 of the peristaltic pump rotates forward, it drives the fluid in the circulation circuit 2 to flow forward, that is, the gas originally enriched in the liquid storage container 1 preferentially flows from the second interface 12 located at a high position. flows to the pipeline of the circulation loop 2, and the liquid originally existing in the pipeline of the circulation loop 2 will flow into the liquid storage container from the lower first interface 11 for a period of time, so that the liquid in the circulation loop 2 All the liquid in the pipeline enters the liquid storage container 1, and then the driving device 3 is stopped and the passage of the first interface 11 is closed, thereby completing the operation of recovering the emptied waste liquid.

In this application, the liquid storage container has a first interface and a second interface. When the liquid storage container is in an upright state, the first interface and the second interface of the liquid storage container are located on the container body. Low in the middle. Correspondingly, when the liquid storage container is in an inverted state, the first interface and the second interface of the liquid storage container are both located at a high position in the container body. In a specific implementation, based on the requirements for piping configuration connected to the circulation loop, the first interface and the second interface may be in symmetrical positions, or may be relatively offset, such as one in front of the other.

Please refer to Figure 9, which is a schematic diagram of the positions of the first and second interfaces in another embodiment of the present application. When the liquid storage container is in the upright state as shown in the figure, the first interface 11 and the second interface The two interfaces 12 are openings at the bottom of the container body 10 . The first interface 11 and the second interface 12 are openings or openings made by tubular joints. The driving device 3 is disposed on the circulation circuit, particularly on the pipeline adjacent to the second interface, that is, on the arterial blood line of the purification circuit.

Please refer to Figure 10, which is a schematic diagram of the fluid flow direction in another pre-charge mode embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, in the pre-charge mode, the driving device 3 is in a forward rotation state to drive the liquid storage container. The prefill liquid in 1 flows into the circulation loop 2 from the second interface 12 .

In this embodiment, when the system starts the pre-charging mode, the liquid storage container 1 is in an upright state, that is, the first interface 11 and the second interface 12 are both at the bottom (i.e., low position) of the container body 10. The driving device 3 , such as a peristaltic pump, rotates forward to drive the fluid in the circulation circuit 2 to flow forward, that is, the liquid, such as pre-filled liquid, in the liquid storage container 1 flows from the second interface 12 located at a lower position to The pipeline of the circulation loop 2 flows forward through the circulation loop 2 and finally flows into the liquid storage container 1 from the first interface 11 located at a low position. Before that, the pipe originally stored in the circulation loop 2 The gas in the pipeline (or the processing device connected in the pipeline, such as a dialyzer, etc.) will enter the storage tank from the first interface 11 earlier than the liquid, such as prefill liquid, due to the forward driving of the driving device 3. Liquid container 1. In this embodiment, since the mass of gas is smaller than that of liquid, the gas will float and be retained above the liquid level. Therefore, the gas in the circulation loop 2 can be enriched while pre-charging. in the liquid storage container 1.

Please refer to Figure 11, which is a schematic diagram of the fluid flow direction in yet another draining mode embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, in the draining mode, the liquid storage container 1 is in an inverted state and the driving device 3 is In forward rotation state to drive the storage The gas in the liquid container 1 is discharged from the second interface 12 into the circulation loop 2 . In this embodiment, when the liquid storage container 1 is in an inverted state, both the first and second interfaces are located at a high position.

In this embodiment, when the system starts the emptying mode, the liquid storage container 1 is in an inverted state, that is, the first interface 11 and the second interface 12 are at the top (ie, high position) of the container body 10, for example The driving device 3 of the peristaltic pump rotates forward to drive the fluid in the circulation circuit 2 to flow forward, that is, the gas originally concentrated in the liquid storage container 1 preferentially flows from the second interface 12 located at a high position to the The pipeline of the circulation loop 2, and the liquid originally existing in the pipeline of the circulation loop 2 will flow into the liquid storage container 1 from the first interface 11 at a high position for a period of time, so that the pipeline of the circulation loop 2 All the liquid in the path enters the liquid storage container 1, and then the driving device 3 is stopped and the passage of the first interface 11 is closed, thereby completing the operation of recovering the emptied waste liquid.

In the above-mentioned embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 11 , in order to facilitate control of the flow or stop (blocking) of the fluid flowing through the first interface and the second interface, in the system of the pre-filling and emptying purification circuit of the present application , and also includes a first valve component for blocking or conducting the first interface, and a second valve component for blocking or conducting the second interface. Please refer to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of the first valve member and the second valve member in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the first valve member 23 is disposed on the pipeline of the circulation loop and adjacent to the The position of the first interface 11, the second valve member 24 is disposed on the pipeline of the circulation loop and adjacent to the position of the second interface 12. In this embodiment, the first valve member 23 or the second The valve member 24 is, for example, a manual valve member or an electric valve member. The manual valve member is, for example, a clamp valve similar to a venous clamp or an arterial clamp, or other mechanical components. The electric valve member is, for example, a solenoid valve.

In one embodiment, the liquid storage container is connected to the circulation loop in a branch way. More specifically, the first interface and the second interface of the liquid storage container are connected through two parallel branches respectively. It is connected to different sections in the circulation loop, and when the passage of the above-mentioned sections is blocked, it is connected to the circulation loop to realize storage of pre-fill liquid and recovery of emptied waste liquid. Please refer to Figure 13, which is a schematic diagram of a liquid storage container connected to a circulation loop in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the circulation loop includes a first branch 20, a second branch 21, and a connected end-to-end branch. Main loop 22, wherein the first end of the first branch 20 is connected to the first interface 11, and the second end of the first branch 20 is connected to the first section 221 of the main loop 22; The first end of the second branch 21 is connected to the second interface 12, and the second end of the second branch 21 is connected to the second section 222 of the main loop 22; the first section 221 of the main loop 22 A third valve member 25 (ie, V34 in the figure) for blocking or guiding the fluid passage is disposed between the third section 222 and the second section 222 .

As shown in Figure 13, point a is located upstream of the main circuit 22, point b is located downstream of the main circuit 22; the liquid storage container 1 has two entrances and exits, point c is located at the high level, and point d is located at the low level; point c to point a The pipeline from point d to point b is the second branch 21, and the pipeline between the first section 221 and the second section 222 of the main circuit 22 is from point a to b. point pipeline, the third valve member 25 is provided in the pipeline. After the pre-charging and flushing operations are completed, the first branch 20 and the second branch 21 can be blocked by the valves respectively provided in the first branch 20 and the second branch 21, and the third valve can be opened. Part 25 is the pipeline connecting point a to point b; of course, in the application example of hemodialysis, the input end of the main circuit 22 is connected to the arterial output end, and the output end of the main circuit 22 is connected to the venous input end. , and then constitute the vascular passage of extracorporeal blood circulation for hemodialysis.

In this embodiment, the first interface 11 of the liquid storage container 1 is connected to the first section 221 of the main circuit 22 through the first branch 20, and the second interface 12 of the liquid storage container 1 is connected through the second branch. The path 21 is connected to the second section 222 of the main circuit 22, and when the passage between the first section 221 and the second section 222 of the main circuit 22 is blocked by the third valve member 25, the storage tank The liquid container 1, the second branch circuit 21, the main circuit 22, and the first branch circuit 20 form a circulation loop, and when the driving device 3 is working, the fluid in the circulation loop depends on the forward rotation of the driving device 3. Or reverse to achieve flow in a different direction.

In one embodiment, when the system starts the pre-filling mode, the liquid storage container is in an upright state, that is, the second interface is at the bottom (i.e., low position) of the container body, and the first interface is at the top of the container body (i.e., the low position). (i.e., high position), for example, the driving device of the peristaltic pump rotates forward, driving the fluid in the circulation loop to flow forward, that is, the liquid located in the liquid storage container, such as pre-filled liquid, passes through the second interface located at the low position. The second branch flows to the main loop of the circulation loop, and flows forward through the main loop, and finally flows into the liquid storage container from the first interface located at a high position through the first branch. Before that, the original The gas stored in the pipes in the main circuit (or the processing device connected in the main circuit, such as a dialyzer, etc.) will be driven from the first interface earlier than the liquid, such as the prefill liquid, due to the forward driving of the driving device. Entering the liquid storage container, in this embodiment, since the liquid is easier to flow out from the lower second interface than the gas, and the gas is retained above the liquid level, the circulation loop can also be precharged at the same time. The gas is concentrated in the liquid storage container.

In an embodiment of the emptying mode, when the system starts the emptying mode, the liquid storage container is in an upright state, that is, the second interface is at the bottom (i.e., low position) of the container body, and the first interface is at the bottom of the container body. The top of the body (i.e., the high position), for example, the driving device of the peristaltic pump is reversed (reversed) to drive the fluid in the circulation loop to flow in the opposite direction, that is, the gas originally enriched in the liquid storage container is preferentially transferred from the high position The first interface flows to the main circuit of the circulation loop through the first branch, and the liquid originally existing in the pipeline of the main circuit will flow into the second interface from the lower position through the second branch. The liquid storage container is maintained for a period of time so that all the liquid in the main circuit of the circulation loop enters the liquid storage container, and then the driving device is stopped and the passage of the second interface is closed, thereby completing the recovery of the emptied waste liquid. operation.

In another embodiment of the emptying mode, when the system starts the emptying mode, the liquid storage container is in an inverted state, that is, the first interface is at the bottom of the container body (i.e., low), and the second interface is at the bottom of the container body. The top (i.e. high position) of the body, for example, is the forward rotation of the driving device of the peristaltic pump, driving the fluid in the circulation loop to flow forward, that is, the fluid originally enriched in the liquid storage volume The gas in the device preferentially flows from the second interface located at a high position to the main loop of the circulation loop through the second branch, while the liquid originally existing in the main loop of the circulation loop will flow from the first branch through the first branch. The lower first interface flows into the liquid storage container for a period of time, so that all the liquid in the main circuit of the circulation loop enters the liquid storage container, and then the driving device is stopped and the passage of the first interface is closed, so as to This completes the operation of recovering the drained waste liquid.

In another embodiment, in order to simplify the system configuration, the valves respectively provided on the first branch and the second branch can be eliminated, and the same purpose is achieved by one valve. Please refer to Figure 14, which shows the application in A schematic diagram of a liquid storage container connected to a circulation loop in an embodiment. As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the circulation loop 22 is also provided with a device for blocking or connecting the first branch 20 and the second branch 21 The fourth valve member 26 (i.e. V33 in the figure). The fourth valve member 26 is used to switch the state of blocking or connecting the first branch 20 and the second branch 21, thereby enabling the first branch 20 and the second branch 21 to access the circulation loop. in the main circuit 22, or the first branch 20 and the second branch 21 can be blocked during the treatment stage.

In one embodiment, the fourth valve 26 (i.e., V33 in the figure) is a flow channel switching valve that can switch the flow state; please refer to Figures 15a to 15c, which respectively show the flow channels in an embodiment of the present application. Schematic diagram of different working states of switching valves. Wherein, Figure 15a shows the first state of the flow channel switching valve, Figure 15b shows the second state of the flow channel switching valve, and Figure 15c shows the third state of the flow channel switching valve, As shown in the figure, the first state of the flow channel switching valve is used to conduct the first branch 20 and the second branch 21 and block the first section 221 and the second section 222 of the main circuit. passage (that is, the passage between point a and point b); the second state of the flow channel switching valve is used to block the first branch 20 and the second branch 21 and conduct the third branch of the main circuit. The passage between one section 221 and the second section 222 (that is, the passage between point a and point b); the third state of the flow channel switching valve is used to connect the first end of the first branch 20 and the second The second end of branch 21 (that is, connecting point c and point b), the first end of second branch 21 and the second end of first branch 20 (that is, connecting point d and point a), and blocking The path between the first section 221 and the second section 222 of the main circuit 22 is cut off (that is, the path between point a and point b is blocked).

In the embodiment shown in Figure 15a, when the flow channel switching valve is in the first state, the pipelines from point a to point c are connected, and the pipelines from point b to d are connected. At this time, the driving device is started, and the pipeline can be The liquid in the liquid storage container is led out, and the gas in the flow channel is discharged into the liquid storage container. During the subsequent flushing process, small bubbles can also be continuously discharged.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 15b, when the flow channel switching valve is in the second state, the passages between point a to point c and point b to point d are blocked, and the path a of the main circuit is blocked. The third valve member (i.e. V34 in Figure 14) between point b and point b leads to the fluid passage.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 15c, when the flow channel switching valve is in three states, the passage from point a to point d is connected, the passage from point b to point c is connected, and the points a and b of the main circuit are connected. The third valve between the points (i.e. V34 in Figure 14) blocks the fluid path. At this time, the gas in the liquid storage container can be sucked into the pipeline, and the liquid in the main circuit in the pipeline can be discharged into the liquid storage container.

In an embodiment, the flow channel switching valve member is, for example, a disc member as shown in Figures 15a, b and c. The disc member is provided with two independent flow channels, wherein two independent flow channels of each flow channel are provided. A port is used to connect the interface between the first or second branch circuit and the main circuit. In actual applications, the flow channel switching valve member also includes a sealing portion for connecting the first or second branch circuit, Or ensure the sealing of the interface in the main loop. In different states as shown in Figures 15a, b and c, the flow channel switching valve member, which is a disc member, achieves docking or blocking of the target passage by converting different angles.

In one embodiment, the flow channel switching valve is a manual valve that switches three states by means; or in another embodiment, the flow channel switching valve is a manual valve that automatically switches between the first and the first states according to the driver program. For the electric valve in the second or third state, the driver can output corresponding control instructions from the control device written in the system processor.

In yet another embodiment, in order to further simplify the system configuration, the two valves provided on the first branch, the second branch and the main circuit can be integrated into one valve, and the same purpose is achieved by one valve. Please refer to Figure 16, which is a schematic diagram of the working state of the flow channel switching valve in another embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the circulation loop includes a first branch 20, a second branch 21, and a first branch connected end to end. The main circuit 22, the intersection of the first branch 20, the second branch 21, and the main circuit 22 connected end to end is provided with a flow channel switching valve (V34 in Figure 16) that can switch the flow state. The first state of the channel switching valve is used to connect the first branch 20 to the first section 221 of the main circuit 22 and to connect the second branch 21 to the second section of the main circuit 22 222, and blocks the passage between the first section 221 and the second section 222 of the main circuit 22; the second state of the flow channel switching valve is used to connect the first branch 20 to the main circuit. The first section 221 of 22 blocks and blocks the second branch 21 from the second section 222 of the main circuit 22, and blocks the passage between the first section 221 and the second section 222 of the main circuit 22. conduction. In this embodiment, the third state of the flow path switching valve (V34 in the figure) is used to connect the first branch 20 to the second section 222 of the main circuit 22 and to connect the second The branch 21 is connected to the first section 221 of the main circuit 22 and blocks the passage between the first section 221 and the second section 222 of the main circuit 22 .

Please refer to Figures 17a to 17c, which are schematic diagrams of different working states of the flow channel switching valve in an embodiment of the present application. Wherein, Figure 17a shows the first state of the flow channel switching valve, Figure 17b shows the second state of the flow channel switching valve, and Figure 17c shows the third state of the flow channel switching valve.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 17a, the first state of the flow channel switching valve is used to conduct the first branch 20 and the second branch 21, and block the first section 221 of the main circuit 22 The path with the second section 222; that is, connects the path between point c to point a and the path between point d and point b, and blocks the path from point a to point b.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 17b, the second state of the flow channel switching valve is used to block the first branch 20 and the second branch 21, and to conduct the first section 221 of the main circuit 22 The passage with the second section 222, that is, the passage between point a and point b is turned on, and the path between point c and point a and the path between point d and point b are blocked;

In the embodiment shown in Figure 17c, the third state of the flow channel switching valve is used to connect the first end of the first branch 20 and the second end of the second branch 21. The second branch 21 The first end and the second end of the first branch 20, and blocks the passage between the first section 221 and the second section 222 of the main circuit 22, that is, connecting the passage between point c to point b and point a The path between point d and point d blocks the path from point a to point b.

In an embodiment, the flow channel switching valve member is, for example, a disc member as shown in Figures 17a, b, and c. The disc member is provided with three independent flow channels, wherein two of each flow channel The port is used to connect the interface between the target branch and the main circuit. In actual applications, the flow channel switching valve also includes a sealing part to ensure the interface when connecting the first or second branch, or the main circuit. of tightness. In different states as shown in Figures 17a, b and c, the flow channel switching valve member, which is a disc member, achieves docking or blocking of the target passage by converting different angles.

In other embodiments of the present application, the circulation circuit may also be a blood circuit/blood circuit, a water circuit, or a metabolic circulation circuit. Wherein, the metabolic circulation circuit is used, for example, in the metabolic circulation circuit of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. In some embodiments, the metabolic circulation loop is, for example, a loop composed of a "metabolic circulation module" described in patent document WO2022036739A1 or/and patent document WO2022036738A1, or a loop in a loop system or a circulation processing system; in this application, The entire contents of patent documents WO2022036739A1 and WO2022036738A1 are cited here.

This application also provides a method for precharging and emptying the purification circuit, which can be used in the field of hemodialysis in various modes and medical scenarios such as hospital treatment and home treatment, especially in blood purification equipment, such as in blood purification systems. or in a hemodialysis machine. Of course, the prefilling and emptying purification circuit system of this application can also be applied to the field of peritoneal dialysis. Peritoneal dialysis is to inject dialysate into the abdominal cavity and use the peritoneal filtration in the body to remove metabolic waste and excess water in the blood. As one of the treatments for renal failure other than dialysis, the extracorporeal circulation circuit also needs to be prefilled and flushed before covered dialysis. As mentioned above, the purification circuit in the method of precharging and emptying the purification circuit of the present application can also be a blood circuit/blood circuit, a water circuit, or a metabolic circulation circuit. Wherein, the metabolic circulation circuit is used, for example, in the metabolic circulation circuit of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

In an embodiment, the purification circuit includes an arterial blood line for connecting to human arterial blood vessels, a driving device provided on the arterial blood line, a dialysis device connected to the arterial blood line, and a dialysis device connected to the arterial blood line. The venous blood line; in the embodiment, the purification circuit is in the manner described in the embodiment shown in Figure 18 above, and will not be repeated here. Elaborate on it. The method of precharging and emptying the purification circuit includes the following steps:

A liquid storage container for storing pre-filled liquid and recovering emptied waste liquid is provided on the purification circuit. In the embodiment, the liquid storage container is implemented, the connection method with the blood circuit/circulation circuit/main circuit, The working principle is the same as that described in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 17 , and will not be described again here.

In the pre-filling mode, the liquid outlet in the liquid storage container is at a low position; in the emptying mode, the gas outlet in the liquid storage container is at a high position.

In an embodiment of the prefill mode of the dialysis equipment, when executing the prefill working mode, the driving device is in a forward rotation state to drive the prefill liquid in the liquid storage container to flow from the second interface into the Describe the cycle. In the embodiment, the method is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , which will not be described again.

In another embodiment of the pre-charging mode, in the pre-charging mode, the driving device is in a forward rotation state to drive the pre-charging liquid in the liquid storage container to flow from the second interface into the circulation loop. In the embodiment, the method is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 , which will not be described again.

In an embodiment of the emptying mode, in the emptying mode, the driving device is in a reverse state to drive the gas in the liquid storage container to be discharged from the first interface into the circulation loop. In the embodiment, the method is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , which will not be described again.

In another embodiment of the emptying mode, in the emptying mode, the liquid storage container is in an inverted state and the driving device is in a forward rotating state to drive the gas in the liquid storage container from the second interface into the circulation loop. When the liquid storage container is in an inverted state, the relationship between the high and low positions of the first and second interfaces will be changed; in this embodiment, when the liquid storage container is in an inverted state, the first interface is in a low position, and the second interface is in a low position. The interface is located high. In the embodiment, the method is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 , which will not be described again.

In yet another embodiment of the evacuation mode, in the evacuation mode, the liquid storage container is in an inverted state and the driving device is in a forward rotation state to drive the gas in the liquid storage container from the second The interface drains into the circulation loop. In this embodiment, when the liquid storage container is in an inverted state, both the first and second interfaces are located at a high position. In the embodiment, the method is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 , which will not be described again.

The present application also provides a dialysis equipment for dialysis treatment, which is suitable for home hemodialysis (HHD) treatment scenarios and hospital hemodialysis scenarios. Please refer to Figure 18, which is a schematic diagram of the dialysis equipment of the present application in one embodiment. As shown in the figure, the dialysis equipment includes: a liquid storage container 1, a circulation circuit 2, a driving device 3, and a control device 4. When the dialysis equipment of the present application is actually used, its operation process includes several processes including pipeline connection, prefilling, flushing, treatment, blood return, emptying water, disconnecting the pipeline and discarding. In the following examples, the dialysis provided by this application The device will be described in subsequent embodiments involving the processes of "priming", "emptying", and "flushing". In the description of the following embodiments, the dialysis equipment is a hemodialysis equipment as an example.

The liquid storage container 1 is used to store pre-filled liquid and recover emptied waste liquid. The liquid storage container 1 includes a container body 10 and a third inlet and outlet provided on the container body for use as a liquid or/and gas inlet and outlet. An interface 11 and a second interface 12; in the pre-filling mode, the outlet of the liquid in the liquid storage container 1 is at a low position; in the emptying mode, the outlet of the gas in the liquid storage container 1 is at a high position; in this application In the various embodiments provided, the implementation of the liquid storage container, the connection method with the blood circuit/circulation circuit/main circuit, and the working principle are as described above in the embodiments of Figures 1 to 17. No further details will be given here.

In some embodiments of the present application, the circulation circuit includes a first line, a second line, and a dialysate line disposed between the first line and the second line for communicating with a dialysis device. In the embodiment where the dialysis equipment is a hemodialysis equipment, the first line is an arterial blood line, and the second line is a venous blood line. For example, the circulation circuit 2 includes an arterial blood line L1 and a venous blood line L3 connected with the arterial blood line L1. In the prefill mode or the emptying mode of the circulation circuit 2, the arterial blood line L1 The input end is connected to the output end of the venous blood line L3, the first interface 11 is connected to the first section of the circulation loop 2 (i.e., the position shown at point a in Figure 18), and the second The interface 12 is connected to the second section of the circulation loop 2 (i.e., the position shown at point b in Figure 18); in the treatment mode, the input end of the arterial blood line L1 is connected to the human arterial blood vessel, and the venous blood The output end of the line L3 is connected to the human body's veins and blood vessels; in the embodiments provided in this application, the circulation loop refers to the pre-filling and emptying purification loop, that is, the circulation described in the embodiments of Figures 1 to 17 Circuit; It should be understood that in the flushing program, the circulation loop is also a flushing loop, and the input end of the arterial blood line L1 is connected to the output end of the venous blood line L3.

As shown in FIG. 18 , the circulation circuit 2 includes an arterial blood line L1 , a venous blood line L3 , and dialysate disposed between the arterial blood line L1 and the venous blood line L3 for communicating with the dialysis device 6 Line L2.

Wherein, the arterial blood line L1 includes an arterial end 50 that intervenes in human arterial blood vessels and an arterial pipeline connecting the arterial end 50 and the dialysis device 6. A driving device 3 is provided on the arterial pipeline. In some cases, the An arterial pot 53 is also provided on the line before the arterial pipeline is connected to the dialysis device 6; the arterial pipeline is also provided with arterial pressure sensor 52, arterial valve 51, hydrophobic filter, heparin syringe, heparin pump and other necessary components or components.

The venous blood line L3 includes a venous end 90 that intervenes in the human body's venous blood vessels, and a venous pipeline connecting the venous end 90 and the dialysis device 6. A venous pot 93 is provided on the venous pipeline. In some cases, the vein The pipeline is also provided with a venous pressure sensor 92, a hydrophobic filter, and a valve device 80 (such as a venous pot tee) located on the exhaust pipeline L4. valve), the exhaust pipeline L4 connected to the venous pot, the liquid level sensor, the sensor 81 (such as an air sensor) located on the exhaust pipeline L4, the venous valve 91, a photoelectric sensor and other necessary components or components.

It should be noted that in the several operating modes of "pre-filling", "flushing" and "emptying", it is necessary to connect the arterial end 50 of the arterial blood line L1 and the venous end 90 of the venous blood line L3. Connect/connect to form a circular loop.

The driving device 3 is provided on the arterial blood line L1 and is located between the second section and the first section in the circulation circuit 2, and is used to drive fluid to flow in the circulation circuit 2; in the method provided in this application In various embodiments, the driving device 3 is disposed on the arterial blood line L1, particularly between the second interface 12 of the liquid storage container 1 and the dialysis device 6 so that the driving device 3 is disposed on the The circulation loop 2 between the first interface 11 and the second interface 12 is used to drive fluid (such as prefill fluid or blood) to flow forward or reversely in the circulation loop 2 . The implementation and working principle of the driving device 3 are as described in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 17 , and will not be described again here.

The dialysis device 6 is used to purify the fluid (blood) flowing in the circulation circuit 2, and forms a fluid (blood) flowing in the patient's fluid (blood) through a built-in purification membrane for purifying the fluid (blood). blood) flow path and a dialysate flow path for dialysate flow; in the embodiment, the dialysis device 6 includes a dialyzer, which includes a dialysate chamber, a blood chamber, a semi-permeable membrane, etc., and the membrane will The dialysis chamber and the blood chamber, which in commonly used capillary type dialyzers are formed by the entire internal volume of the hollow fibers, are separated from each other and the dialysate chamber is formed by the inner space of the housing of the dialyzer surrounding the hollow fibers. . In an embodiment, the top end of the dialyzer is connected to the arterial blood line L1, and the bottom end of the dialyzer is connected to the venous blood line L3.

The dialysate line L2 includes a dialysate inlet 60 and a dialysate outlet 61 connected to the dialyzer, for inputting the dialysate into the dialysis device 6 and outputting it after processing. It should be understood that the dialysate line L2 also includes Necessary components or components such as necessary valves and sensors.

The control device 4 is used to perform a precharge mode to precharge the circulation circuit, to perform a treatment mode to purify the fluid (blood) flowing in the circulation circuit and then input it into the human body, or to perform emptying. In the mode, the waste liquid in the circulation loop is discharged into the liquid storage container to be recovered. In an embodiment, the control device 4 is, for example, a controller or a system processor of a dialysis equipment, which outputs corresponding control instructions through a program written in the system processor; or accepts trigger instructions input by an operator to execute relevant Control instruction.

Please refer to Figure 19, which is a schematic diagram of a treatment mode embodiment of the dialysis equipment of the present application. As shown in the figure, in the treatment mode of the dialysis equipment, in the treatment mode, the input end of the arterial blood line L1 Connected to the first part of the human body, the output end of the venous blood line L3 is connected to the second part of the human body; in this embodiment, the arterial blood line L3 An artery-side puncture needle is connected to the distal end of L1 through a connector, and a driving device 3 such as a peristaltic blood pump is provided in the middle thereof. On the other hand, a venous-side puncture needle is connected to the distal end of the venous blood line L3 through a connector. , connect the drip/IV pot halfway through. In addition, during dialysis treatment, the arterial side puncture needle and the venous side puncture needle are respectively punctured into the target arterial blood vessel (i.e., the first part of the human body) and the target venous blood vessel (i.e., the second part of the human body) of the patient's body. If the blood is driven pump, the patient's blood reaches the dialysis device 6 through the arterial blood line L1, and then passes through the dialysis device 6 to perform blood purification. It is defoamed in the dripper/venous pot 93 and returned to the patient through the venous blood line L3. inside the body. That is, while the patient's blood is extracorporeally circulated from the tip of the arterial blood line L1 of the circulation circuit 2 to the tip of the venous blood line L3, the blood is purified by the dialysis device 6 .

In an embodiment of the prefill mode of the dialysis equipment, when the dialysis equipment executes the prefill working mode, the driving device is in a forward rotating state to drive the prefill liquid in the liquid storage container from the The second interface flows into the circulation loop. In the embodiment, the method is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , which will not be described again.

In another embodiment of the prefill mode of the dialysis equipment, in the prefill mode, the driving device is in a forward rotation state to drive the prefill fluid in the liquid storage container to flow from the second interface into the Describe the cycle. In the embodiment, the method is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 , which will not be described again.

In an embodiment of the emptying mode of the dialysis equipment, in the emptying mode, the driving device is in a reverse state to drive the gas in the liquid storage container to be discharged from the first interface into the circulation. loop. In the embodiment, the method is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , which will not be described again.

In another embodiment of the emptying mode of the dialysis equipment, in the emptying mode, the liquid storage container is in an inverted state and the driving device is in a forward rotating state to drive the gas in the liquid storage container to automatically The second port drains into the circulation loop. When the liquid storage container is in an inverted state, the relationship between the high and low positions of the first and second interfaces will be changed; in this embodiment, when the liquid storage container is in an inverted state, the first interface is in a low position, and the second interface is in a low position. The interface is located high. In the embodiment, the method is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 , which will not be described again.

In yet another embodiment of the evacuation mode of the dialysis equipment, in the evacuation mode, the liquid storage container is in an inverted state and the driving device is in a forward rotation state to drive the gas in the liquid storage container. It is discharged from the second interface into the circulation loop. In this embodiment, when the liquid storage container is in an inverted state, both the first and second interfaces are located at a high position. In the embodiment, the method is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 , which will not be described again.

To sum up, the dialysis equipment of the present application can realize prefilling and emptying by connecting to a liquid storage container in the circulation circuit and matching the working mode of the driving device or the upright or inverted state of the liquid storage container. There are two operations, that is, in the pre-filling mode, the outlet of the liquid in the liquid storage container is at a low position; and in the emptying mode, the gas in the liquid storage container is The outlet is at a high position; compared with conventional operations in the prior art, the system of the present application has a simple structure, convenient operation, low learning cost, and does not require the operator to repeatedly invert the dialyzer to continuously cycle and precharge. Furthermore, the application of the dialysis method of the present application is The equipment enables more scientific treatment of medical waste such as pipelines and waste liquids after emptying.

In another aspect, this application also provides a purification circuit, which includes a pipeline, a driving device, and a gas collection chamber. Wherein, the pipeline constitutes a fluid passage of the purification circuit, and the driving device is provided on the pipeline for driving the fluid in the pipeline to flow forward or reversely in the pipeline. The gas collection chamber is connected to the pipeline, wherein the gas collection chamber includes a reverse gas collection chamber for enriching the gas in the purification circuit when the fluid in the purification circuit flows reversely.

In one embodiment, the gas collection chamber includes a reverse gas collection chamber and a forward gas collection chamber. The forward gas collection chamber is used to enrich the purification circuit when the fluid in the purification circuit flows forward. Medium gas. For example, in an example where the purification circuit is used in a dialysis device, the forward gas collection chamber is, for example, an arterial pot or a venous pot, so that it can be carried in the enriched liquid when the fluid, such as irrigation fluid or blood, flows forward. of bubbles or gas.

In an embodiment, when the fluid in the purification circuit flows forward, the reverse gas collecting chamber is located downstream of the forward gas collecting chamber. In other words, taking the forward flow of fluid as the benchmark for upstream and downstream, in one embodiment, the forward air collecting chamber is arranged upstream, and the reverse air collecting chamber is arranged downstream. In another embodiment, the reverse air collecting chamber The air collecting chamber is arranged upstream, and the forward air collecting chamber is arranged downstream.

In another embodiment, the reverse gas collection chamber and the forward gas collection chamber may be one gas collection chamber, that is to say, the gas collection chamber is a bidirectional gas collection chamber, regardless of whether the liquid moves forward or reversely. can move bubbles or gases in the enriched fluid, that is, the reverse gas collecting chamber and the forward gas collecting chamber are the same cavity, and the cavity includes a liquid storage located in the lower part of the cavity space and the gas collection space located in the upper part of the cavity. A first interface for communicating with the upstream of the pipeline and a second interface for communicating with the downstream of the pipeline are provided on opposite sides of the bottom end of the liquid storage space of the cavity.

In this embodiment, the gas collecting chamber includes a liquid storage space located in the lower part of the cavity and a gas collecting space located in the upper part of the cavity. That is, the gas collecting chamber is divided into two spaces according to functions. The upper gas collecting space is used for collecting gas, and the lower liquid storage space is used for collecting liquid passing through the gas collecting chamber. That is, there is one in the gas collecting chamber. A gas-liquid separation layer is provided, and a first interface and a second interface are provided on the gas collection chamber. The liquid flows from the first interface through the internal space of the gas collection chamber to the second interface. By designing the internal structure of the gas collection chamber and The relative position of the first interface and the second interface controls the shortest flow distance of the flowing liquid, so that the bubbles in the liquid can float up and escape and achieve the purpose of gas-liquid interface separation. In the structural diagrams of several gas collection chambers shown in Figures 26 to 29 below, the horizontal dotted lines in the figures are used to represent the gas-liquid interface, that is, the lower side of the gas-liquid interface is the liquid storage space. The lower side of the gas-liquid interface is the gas collection space.

The inlet and outlet of the gas collection chamber are located at the bottom end of the liquid storage space. In this embodiment, the first interface is connected to the transparent The bottom interface of the dialysis equipment on the analysis path, the second interface is connected to the venous pot on the venous blood line, when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven forward, the first interface is the inlet, and the The second interface is an outlet; on the contrary, when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven in reverse, the second interface is an inlet and the first interface is an outlet.

In other embodiments of the present application, the purification circuit includes a blood circuit circuit, a water circuit circuit, an enrichment circulation circuit, or a metabolic circulation circuit. Wherein, the metabolic circulation circuit is used, for example, in the metabolic circulation circuit of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. In some embodiments, the metabolic circulation loop is, for example, a loop composed of a "metabolic circulation module" described in patent document WO2022036739A1 or/and patent document WO2022036738A1, or a loop in a loop system or a circulation processing system; in this application, The entire contents of patent documents WO2022036739A1 and WO2022036738A1 are cited here.

The purification circuit of the present application can be applied in the field of hemodialysis in various modes and medical scenarios such as hospital treatment and home treatment, especially in blood purification equipment, such as in blood purification systems or hemodialysis machines. Of course, the purification circuit of this application can also be applied to the field of peritoneal dialysis. Peritoneal dialysis is to inject dialysate into the abdominal cavity and use the peritoneal filtration in the body to remove metabolic waste and excess water in the blood. It is one of the kidney failure therapies other than hemodialysis. First, the extracorporeal circulation pipeline also needs to be flushed before membrane dialysis. In the description of the following embodiments, the dialysis equipment used in the purification circuit is a hemodialysis equipment as an example.

Please refer to Figure 20, which is a schematic diagram of the principle of the purification circuit of the present application in one embodiment. As shown in the figure, the purification circuit of the present application includes the arterial blood line L1 as the first line, and the dialysis passage (included in the figure). The passage of the dialysis device 6), and the venous blood line L3 which is the second line. The arterial end 50 of the arterial blood line L1 and the venous end 90 of the venous blood line L3 are connected with each other, so that the arterial blood line L1, the dialysis passage, and the venous blood line L3 form a circulation loop, that is, a purification loop. In this application, the circulation loop can be used as a pre-charging loop in the pre-charging procedure; in the flushing procedure, the circulation loop is also a flushing loop; in the emptying procedure, the circulating loop is also an emptying loop. In the embodiment in which the dialysis equipment described later is a hemodialysis equipment, for convenience of explanation, the following description will be based on an example in which the first line is the arterial blood line L1 and the second line is the venous blood line L3.

It should be noted that a liquid storage container 1 is also provided on the purification circuit. The liquid storage container 1 is used to store pre-filled liquid and recover emptied waste liquid. It includes a container body 10 and a liquid storage container 1 located in the container. The main body 10 is used as an inlet and outlet for pre-filling liquid or recovering waste liquid. In one embodiment, the liquid storage container 1 is a soft pre-filled liquid bag, such as a liquid bag made of medical plastic; in another embodiment, the liquid storage container 1 is a hard pre-filled liquid bag. Liquid bottles, such as bottles or cans made of glass. In order to facilitate observation of the liquid content in the container body, in some embodiments, the container body 10 is made of transparent material and has a volume scale marked on the surface. In this application, the "pre-filled liquid" refers to the pre-filled liquid used in the blood purification control device, which can be used to flush the purification circuit. In embodiments, the liquid is, for example, physiological saline, physiological Buffer, or enzyme-loaded microsphere solution, etc.

In one embodiment, the liquid storage container is connected to the circulation loop in a branch way. More specifically, the two interfaces of the liquid storage container are respectively connected to the circulation loop through two parallel branches. Different sections in the loop, and when blocking the passage of the above sections, are connected to the circulation loop to store the pre-fill liquid and recover the emptied waste liquid.

The cycle is used to represent a unit formed by hardware or structures formed by pipelines, connected or associated equipment in the pipelines, such as containers, driving devices, dialysis devices, etc., and includes fluids in the aforementioned hardware or structures such as pipelines. , and the path composed of prefill fluid added to the pipeline.

In some embodiments of the present application, the purification circuit includes an arterial blood line for accessing human arterial blood vessels (that is, the arterial blood line L1 as the first line in Figure 20 above), and the arterial blood line connected to the arterial blood line The dialysis passage (that is, the passage including the dialysis device in the above-mentioned Figure 20), and the venous blood line connected to the dialysis passage (that is, the arterial blood line L3 which is the second line in the above-mentioned Figure 20).

Wherein, the arterial blood line L1 includes an arterial end 50 that intervenes in the human arterial blood vessel (the first part of the human body) and an arterial pipeline connecting the arterial end 50 and the dialysis device 6. A driving device 3 is provided on the arterial pipeline. In some cases, an arterial pot is also provided on the line before the arterial pipeline is connected to the dialysis device 6; the arterial pipeline is also provided with arterial pressure sensors, hydrophobic filters, heparin syringes, heparin pumps and other necessary components or components.

The venous blood line L3 includes a venous end 90 that intervenes in the human body's venous blood vessels (the second part of the human body), and a venous pipeline connecting the venous end 90 and the dialysis device 6. A venous pot is provided on the venous pipeline, and some case, The venous pipeline is also equipped with a venous pressure sensor, a hydrophobic filter, a venous pot three-way valve, an exhaust pipeline connected to the venous pot, a liquid level sensor, an air sensor, a venous valve such as a venous clamp, a photoelectric sensor, etc. components or components.

The dialysis passage represents a passage through the dialysis device, including an inlet from the top of the dialysis device and an outlet from the bottom of the dialysis device. The dialysis device is also provided with a dialysis line, and the dialysate line includes a dialysate inlet and a dialysate outlet. It is used to input dialysate into the dialysis device and output it after processing. It should be understood that the dialysate line also includes necessary elements or components such as necessary valves and sensors.

The driving device 3 is provided on the arterial blood line L1 and is used to drive fluid (such as prefill fluid or blood) to flow forward or reverse in the circulation circuit. It should be noted that during the hemodialysis treatment process, the dialysis equipment drives the blood flow from the arterial end 50 to the venous end 90 to be a forward flow.

In embodiments, the driving device includes but is not limited to a peristaltic pump or a pressure pump, which is used to provide power to the fluid in the pipeline so that the fluid circulates in a preset flow direction. Here, in an application scenario for medical purposes, the driving device should not directly contact the fluid, but only apply pressure to the pipeline and drive the fluid flow. The preferred solution for the driving device is a peristaltic pump, more specifically , the peristaltic pump such as a dialysis pump or a blood pump. The forward rotation and reverse rotation (reverse rotation) of the peristaltic pump will cause the flow direction of the fluid in the circulation loop to be different.

It should be understood that the driving device can drive the fluid in the pipeline at different positions in the pipeline. The flow rate of the fluid may change due to factors such as pipeline resistance, temperature, pressure, etc. in the direction of fluid flow. However, In the embodiment provided by this application and applied in the field of dialysis, the driving device is provided on the circulation circuit, particularly on the arterial blood line of the purification circuit.

In this application, the venous blood line L3 is provided with a gas collecting chamber 7; the gas collecting chamber 7 is used to enrich the fluid in the purification circuit when it flows from the venous blood line L3 to the arterial blood line L1. The gas in the purification circuit. It should be noted that the gas collection chamber 7 provided on the venous blood line L3 is not a venous pot in the traditional sense. The traditional venous pot is intended for the forward flow of fluids such as blood or physiological saline (that is, flowing from the arterial end to the venous blood line L3). The flow at the venous end) is used to observe the dripping situation and collect the gas from the pipeline. Therefore, the cross-section of the traditional intravenous pot is generally in an inverted trapezoidal or tapered structure, and the top of the traditional intravenous pot is usually equipped with an exhaust pipe. As well as components such as venous pot valves and sensors provided on the exhaust pipeline. The gas collection chamber 7 in this application enriches the gas/bubbles in the purification circuit into the collection chamber when flowing from the venous blood line L3 to the arterial blood line L1 (ie, reverse flow or reverse flow). In the air chamber 7, this lies in the position design of its inlet and outlet, which will be described in detail later.

In summary, the present application is used to add a purification circuit of the air collection chamber on the venous blood line, so that during the flushing operation, the final flushing and exhaust of dialysis can be achieved even without inverting the dialysis device. This application drives the tube in reverse fluid in the path, and add an additional gas collection chamber downstream of the dialyzer device. When the liquid flows from the venous end through the venous pot to the gas collection chamber and to the bottom of the dialysis device, the gas collection chamber can enrich a certain amount of gas. , because the gas in the gas collecting chamber will flow out from the top preferentially, so that the gas in the gas collecting chamber can be discharged in a timely manner in the treatment mode.

In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the gas collection chamber is larger than the inner diameter of the pipeline in the venous blood line, so as to be able to accommodate and enrich gas/bubbles in the pipeline.

In one embodiment, the internal volume of the gas collection chamber is greater than the volume of the existing gas in the purification circuit in the initial state (the initial state is the state before flushing and after pre-charging is completed, which will be explained in the specification) to ensure that In a normal pressure environment, all gases originally retained in the purification circuit (including gases retained in the dialysis device) can be enriched. The "initial state" refers to the state before the purge circuit is flushed, or the state after the purge circuit is precharged and no flush operation is performed. The "inventory gas" refers to the gas remaining in the dialysis device in the above-mentioned initial state; or the gas remaining in the dialysis device in the above-mentioned initial state and the intravenous pot residual gas; or the gas remaining in the dialysis device in the above-mentioned initial state. Gas and venous pot residual gas and arterial pot residual gas.

Please refer to Figure 21, which is a schematic diagram of the gas collecting chamber and its connection relationship in the purification circuit of the present application. As shown in the figure, in one embodiment provided by the present application, the gas collecting chamber 7 has a structure for connecting all the gas collecting chambers through pipelines. The first interface 70 of the dialysis passage and the second interface 71 used to connect the venous end of the venous blood line through pipelines, wherein the first interface 70 is located at the bottom end of the gas collection chamber 7, and the third The two interfaces 71 are located at the top of the air collection chamber 7 . In this embodiment, the gas collection chamber 7 has two interfaces, the first interface 70 is on the bottom, and the second interface 71 is on the top. The first interface 70 is used to communicate with the bottom end of the dialysis device 6, and the second interface 71 is used to communicate with the bottom end of the dialysis device 6. In a venous pot connected to a venous blood line, when the fluid in the pipeline is reversely driven, the fluid enters the air collection chamber 7 from the second interface 71 on the upper side, and the liquid in the fluid will preferentially pass through the first interface 70 located below. flows out, thereby causing the gas carried in the fluid to be retained in the gas collection chamber 7 .

During the flushing operation, when the fluid in the purification circuit is reversely driven, the liquid or/and gas passing through the venous blood line L3 flows from the second interface 71 into the gas collection chamber 7 and flows from the second interface 71 to the gas collection chamber 7 . An interface 70 flows to the dialysis passage, so that the gas carried in the liquid is enriched in the gas collection chamber 7 .

Please refer to Figure 22, which is a schematic diagram of the fluid flow direction of the purification circuit of the present application in a flushing embodiment. As shown in the figure, in the flushing operation embodiment, the arterial end 50 of the arterial blood line L1 and the The venous end 90 of the venous blood line L3 is connected and connected, causing the fluid in the purification circuit to flow in the reverse direction. The gas in the dialysis equipment on the dialysis channel floats to the top and sequentially along the arterial blood line L1 and the venous blood line L3 flows and is enriched The liquid is collected in the gas collecting chamber 7 , and the liquid entering the gas collecting chamber 7 flows from the first interface 70 of the gas collecting chamber 7 to the bottom end of the dialysis device 6 on the dialysis passage. Because in the flushing mode, the gas in the purification circuit is enriched in the gas collection chamber 7, and in the treatment phase, that is, when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven in the forward direction, it is originally enriched in the gas collection chamber 7. The gas in the cavity 7 will preferentially enter the venous pot 93 along the venous blood line L3, and then be discharged through the exhaust pipe L4 of the venous pot 93.

In one embodiment, the pipeline between the dialysis passage and the arterial end 50 of the arterial blood line L1 is also connected to an arterial pot 53 for observing the dripping situation in the treatment mode. The arterial pot 53 The cross-section of 53 is generally inverted trapezoidal or conical structure.

Please refer to Figure 23, which is a schematic diagram of the fluid flow direction of the purification circuit of the present application in a treatment embodiment. As shown in the figure, in the treatment mode or during treatment operation, the dialysis equipment drives blood to flow from the arterial end 50 to the venous end. The flow direction of 90 is forward flow; that is, when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven in the forward direction, the liquid passing through the arterial blood line L1 flows into the gas collection from the first interface 70 through the dialysis passage. The gas collecting cavity 7 is filled and flows from the second interface 71 to the venous blood line L3.

In one embodiment, a venous pot 93 is connected to the pipeline between the gas collecting chamber 7 and the venous end 90 of the venous blood line L3. In this embodiment, the venous pot 93 and the collecting chamber 93 are connected to the venous end 90 of the venous blood line L3. The air chamber 7 is two independent components connected in series on the venous blood line L3. The intravenous pot 93 is used to observe the dripping situation and collect gas from the pipeline. Therefore, the cross-section of the traditional intravenous pot is generally in an inverted trapezoidal or tapered structure, and the top of the traditional intravenous pot is usually provided with an exhaust pipeline. and venous pot valves, venous pressure sensors, hydrophobic filters and other components provided on the exhaust pipeline. In the treatment mode or during treatment operation, when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven forward, the gas enriched in the gas collecting chamber 7 flows into the intravenous pot preferentially than the liquid entering the gas collecting chamber 7 93 so that it can be discharged from the intravenous pot 93 through the exhaust pipeline L4 provided on the intravenous pot 93 .

In one embodiment, it is also possible to consider integrating the above-mentioned venous pot and gas collecting chamber into a component that has the functions of both the gas collecting chamber and the venous pot. For the convenience of description, it is also called the gas collecting chamber in subsequent embodiments. The gas collection chamber is different from the structure of traditional intravenous pots whose cross-sections are generally inverted trapezoidal or conical configurations. In this embodiment, the gas collecting chamber includes a liquid storage space located in the lower part of the cavity and a gas collecting space located in the upper part of the cavity. That is, the gas collection chamber is divided into two spaces according to functions. The upper gas collection space is used for gas collection, and the lower liquid storage space is used for collecting liquid passing through the gas collection chamber. That is, there is one in the gas collection chamber. A gas-liquid separation layer is provided, and a first interface and a second interface are provided on the gas collection chamber. The liquid flows from the first interface through the internal space of the gas collection chamber to the second interface. By designing the internal structure of the gas collection chamber and The relative position of the first interface and the second interface controls the shortest flow distance of the flowing liquid, so that the bubbles in the liquid can float up and escape and achieve the purpose of gas-liquid interface separation. In the structural diagrams of several gas collection chambers shown in Figures 26 to 29 below, the horizontal dotted lines in the figures are used to represent the The gas-liquid interface is a liquid storage space below the gas-liquid interface, and the gas collection space is below the gas-liquid interface.

In one embodiment, a third interface can be directly provided on the top of the gas collection chamber for communicating with the exhaust pipe. For example, a valve device for controlling exhaust is provided on the exhaust pipe. In one example, the The exhaust pipeline is provided with components such as a hydrophobic filter, a static pressure sensor, a solenoid valve, or/and a hydrophobic filter.

Please refer to Figure 24, which is a schematic diagram of a gas collection chamber with another structure in one embodiment of the purification circuit of the present application. As shown in the figure, in order to facilitate the liquid in the liquid storage space 72 to participate in the purification circuit During circulation, a first interface 70 for connecting the dialysis passage through a pipeline and a third interface 90 for connecting the venous end 90 of the venous blood line L3 are provided on opposite sides of the bottom end of the liquid storage space 72 . Two interfaces 71. That is, the inlet and outlet of the gas collection chamber 7 are located at the bottom end of the liquid storage space 72 . In this embodiment, the first interface 70 is connected to the bottom interface of the dialysis device 6 on the dialysis passage, and the second interface 71 is connected to the venous pot on the venous blood line L3. When the fluid in the purification circuit is When driven in the forward direction, the first interface 70 is the inlet and the second interface 71 is the outlet; conversely, when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven in the reverse direction, the second interface 71 is the inlet. The first interface 70 is an outlet.

As shown in FIG. 24 , in the embodiment of the flushing operation, the arterial end 50 of the arterial blood line L1 and the venous end 90 of the venous blood line L3 are connected and connected, and the fluid in the purification circuit is allowed to flow in a reverse direction. , the gas stored in the dialysis device 6 on the dialysis passage floats to the top, flows along the arterial blood line L1 and the venous blood line L3 in sequence, and passes through the second interface of the gas collection chamber 7 71 enters the gas collecting chamber 7. Since the mass of the gas is smaller than that of the liquid, the gas will float and be retained above the liquid level. Therefore, while flushing, the gas in the purification circuit can also be enriched in the gas collecting chamber. In the gas collecting space 73 in the cavity 7, the liquid entering the gas collecting cavity 7 flows from the second interface 71 of the gas collecting cavity 7 and flows out through the first interface 70 to flow to the bottom of the dialysis device 6 on the dialysis passage. end.

In order to increase the flow resistance or generate turbulence for the fluid flowing through the liquid storage space 72 in the gas collection chamber 7, so that the gas in the fluid is enriched into the gas collection space 73 located on the upper side, from The liquid flowing from one of the first interface 70 or the second interface 71 to the other interface through the liquid storage space 72 causes multiple flow direction changes in the liquid storage space 72 . In an embodiment, for example, an isolation portion or an isolation structure is provided between the first interface 70 and the second interface 71 so that the flow from the first interface 70 to the second interface 71 or from the second interface 71 to the first interface 70 The flow direction of the fluid changes, which increases the flow resistance of the fluid or generates turbulence, thereby causing the gas/bubbles carried in the fluid to be concentrated above the liquid level of the liquid storage space 72 . It should be understood that the isolation part or isolation structure is not completely spatially isolated. In order to ensure the flow between the first interface 70 and the second interface 71 , the isolation part or isolation structure may also be called an obstruction. parts or obstructing structures, or interfering parts or interfering structures, etc.

Please refer to Figure 25, which shows a schematic diagram of the purification circuit of the present application using an air collection chamber with another structure in another embodiment. Figure, in the embodiment shown in the figure, the pipeline between the dialysis device 6 and the venous end 90 of the venous blood line L3 is also connected with a gas collection chamber 7 that also serves as a venous pot. In this embodiment , the gas collecting chamber 7 includes a liquid storage space 72 located in the lower part of the cavity and a gas collecting space 73 located in the upper part of the cavity. That is, the gas collecting chamber 7 is divided into two spaces according to functions. The upper gas collecting space is used for collecting gas, and the lower liquid storage space is used for collecting liquid passing through the gas collecting chamber. In one embodiment, an opening may be directly provided on the top of the gas collecting chamber 7 for communicating with the exhaust pipe L4. For example, a valve device 80 for controlling exhaust gas may be provided on the exhaust pipe. In an example, , the exhaust pipeline is provided with components such as a hydrophobic filter, a static pressure sensor, a solenoid valve, or/and a hydrophobic filter.

In the embodiment of the treatment operation as shown in Figure 25, in the treatment mode or during the treatment operation, when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven forward, a fluid, such as blood, flows from the arterial blood line L1 into the dialysis device 6 After the blood purification process is performed, it flows into the venous blood line L3 and enters from the first interface 70 of the gas collection chamber 7 . Liquid, such as blood, flows from the second interface 71 to the venous blood line L3 through the liquid storage space 72 At the venous end 90, bubbles of liquid such as blood will be concentrated in the gas collection space 73 on the upper side of the gas collection chamber 7, and will be discharged through the exhaust pipeline L4 in a timely manner according to the detection status of the sensor.

Please refer to Figure 26, which is a schematic structural diagram of the gas collecting chamber of the present application in one embodiment. As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the liquid storage space 72 includes a first extension portion 720 extending downward respectively, The second extension part 721 and the isolation part 722 located at the first extension part 720 and the second extension part 721; wherein, the first interface 70 is opened at the bottom end of the first extension part 720; Two interfaces 71 are provided at the bottom end of the second extension part 721 , and the isolation part 722 is higher than the first interface 70 and the second interface 71 . In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the inlet and outlet of the liquid storage space 72 are at the lowest position, the first interface 70 and the second interface 71 are respectively provided on the first extension part 720 and the second extension part 720 extending downward. The bottom end of the extension part 721 is such that no matter whether the fluid flows from the first interface 70 to the second interface 71 or from the second interface 71 to the first interface 70 , the fluid flows upward from the bottom in the air collecting chamber 7 . In this embodiment, the first extension portion 720 and the second extension portion 721 of the liquid storage space 72 both extend downward. It should be understood that the “downward extension” includes, for example, the vertical direction shown in FIG. 28 . The downward extension may also include, for example, the inclined downward extension as shown in FIG. 27 .

In another embodiment, one of the first extension part and the second extension part of the liquid storage space extends horizontally, and the other extension part extends downward, so that the first extension part and the second extension part have An incident angle, in a specific actual situation, the angle of the incident angle can be designed appropriately according to the actual fluid flow rate, bubble content, or fluid flow rate and other parameters.

In an embodiment, the length of the first extension portion with the first interface or the second extension portion with the second interface is related to the flow rate, bubble content, or fluid flow rate of the fluid in the liquid storage space; or Located at the first extension part and the The length of the isolation portion of the two extension parts is related to the flow rate, bubble content, or fluid flow rate of the fluid in the liquid storage space; or the shortest flow of fluid from one of the first interface or the second interface to the other interface. The distance is related to the flow rate, bubble content, or fluid flow rate of the fluid.

In an embodiment, the fluid, such as a liquid, flows from the first extension portion with the first interface through the internal space of the gas collection chamber to the second extension portion with the second interface. By designing the internal structure of the gas collection chamber The relative position of the first interface and the second interface is used to control the shortest flow distance of the flowing liquid, so that the bubbles in the liquid can float up and escape and achieve the purpose of gas-liquid interface separation. The shortest flow distance of the liquid is affected by the liquid. The bubble content, flow rate, or flow rate are related. For example, when the bubble content in the liquid is higher, or the flow rate is faster, or the flow rate is larger, in practice, the shortest flow distance of the liquid that needs to be designed is longer. Corresponding to different embodiments, for example, in one example, when the bubble content in the liquid is higher or the flow rate is faster, the length of the first extension part or the second extension part is longer; in another example, When the bubble content in the liquid is higher, or the flow rate is faster, or the flow rate is larger, the length of the isolation portion located at the first extension part and the second extension part is longer; in another example, when the liquid The higher the bubble content in the fluid, or the faster the flow rate, or the larger the flow rate, the longer the shortest flow distance of the fluid flowing from one of the first interface or the second interface to the other interface needs to be.

In this embodiment, in order to adjust the flow resistance of the fluid passing through the gas collecting chamber or to generate turbulent flow, or to adjust the flow rate of the fluid passing through the gas collecting chamber, so as to facilitate the enrichment of gas/bubbles carried in the fluid. Above the liquid level in the liquid storage space, the length of the first extension part and/or the second extension part can be appropriately increased or shortened in actual applications; of course, the length of the first extension part and/or the second extension part can also be changed by changing the length of the first extension part and/or the second extension part. The length of the isolation part between the two extension parts can achieve the above purpose. In some embodiments, the isolation part has a step structure relative to the first extension part and/or the second extension part; the isolation part has a step structure relative to the first extension part and/or the second extension part. The second extension part has an arched structure; or the isolation part is a baffle structure extending upward from the bottom of the air collection chamber; for example, the air collection chamber is generally in the shape of an A-shape, an inverted V-shape, or an inverted V-shape. A U-shaped, N-shaped, or "mountain"-shaped structure has a shape or structure with a bottom extension. For example, the air collecting cavity shown in Figure 27 is roughly A-shaped or inverted V-shaped, in which the isolation part is at a high position relative to the first extension part and the second extension part, forming a trapezoidal or step-shaped structure. ; Or the schematic diagram of the gas collection chamber shown in Figure 28 is generally inverted U-shaped or n-shaped structure, or the schematic diagram of the interior of the gas collection chamber shown in Figure 29 is generally in the shape of a mountain. As shown in Figure 29, the isolation portion 722 provided inside the air collection chamber is a baffle structure extending upward from the bottom of the air collection chamber, and the left and right parts divided by the baffle structure constitute the The first extension part 720 and the second extension part 721, the first interface 70 and the second interface 71 respectively form opposite sides of the bottom of the air collecting cavity. The isolation part 722 has an arched structure relative to the first extension part 720 and/or the second extension part 721, which is not shown in the figure. It should be understood that the bottom surface of the liquid storage space shown in Figure 28 is modified. It is an upward arched arc, so that the first extension part, the isolation part and the second extension part form a bridge shape, then the above-mentioned arch shape can be achieved. Structural design.

It should be noted that, in order to better realize gas-liquid separation, in an embodiment of the present application, the path cross-section of the fluid flowing from one of the first interface or the second interface to the other interface is larger than that of the third interface. The cross-section of an interface or the second interface, that is, by designing a redundant space in the internal space of the gas collection chamber or the flow channel of the fluid, so that the cross-section of the liquid flow path is much larger than that of the interface (the first interface or the second interface). ) cross-sectional area to reduce the liquid flow velocity and increase the gas escape time. For example, when the liquid flows horizontally, the horizontal cross-sectional area gradually increases, the flow velocity gradually decreases, and the flow rate is consistent, so that the gas can escape easily.

In one embodiment, a filter 75 is provided in the liquid storage space 72 for filtering the fluid flowing between the first interface 70 and the second interface 71 . Specifically, the bottom end of the filter member 75 is adjacent to the first interface 70 , and the top end of the filter member 75 is adjacent to the second interface 72 , and is disposed in the gas collecting cavity at an angle of 30°-60°. Preferably, the inclination angle of the filter element in the air collection chamber is 30°, 31°, 32°, 33°, 34°, 35°, 36°, 37°, 38°, 39°, 40°, 41°, 42°, 43°, 44°, 45°, 46°, 47°, 48°, 49°, 50°, 51°, 52°, 53°, 54°, 55°, 56°, 57° ,58°,59°,60°. In a preferred embodiment, the inclination angle of the filter element in the air collection chamber is 45°. It should be understood that the inclination angle of the filter element in the air collection chamber refers to the angle between the filter element and the bottom surface of the air collection chamber. In a specific embodiment, the filter element is a filter screen or a filter membrane.

As mentioned above, the above-mentioned venous pot and gas collecting chamber are integrated into a component that has the functions of both the gas collecting chamber and the venous pot. Therefore, in order to facilitate the discharge of the gas accumulated in the gas collecting chamber of the present application from the gas collecting chamber during treatment, As shown in Figure 26, the top of the air collecting space 73 in the air collecting cavity is provided with an air bag 74 that communicates with the cavity. The air bag 74 is a protruding cavity, which ensures a small air contact surface and is conducive to being Clamping to detect the liquid level position or the enriched gas volume or air pressure therein. In order to cooperate with the air bag 74, a device for clamping the air bag 74 to detect the liquid level position or the enriched gas volume in the gas collection chamber is also included. detection device. In a specific example, the detection device is a liquid level detection device, a pressure detection device, a liquid level adjustment device, or the like. In this embodiment, the airbag is also connected to an exhaust pipeline for expelling gas from the cavity (gas collection space), and a valve device for controlling exhaust is provided on the exhaust pipeline. In one example, the The exhaust pipeline is provided with components such as a hydrophobic filter, a static pressure sensor, a solenoid valve, or/and a hydrophobic filter.

This application also provides a method for flushing the purification circuit, which can be used in the field of hemodialysis in various modes and medical scenarios such as hospital treatment and home treatment, especially in blood purification equipment, such as in blood purification systems or hemodialysis machines. middle. Of course, the purification circuit of this application can also be applied to the field of peritoneal dialysis. Peritoneal dialysis is to inject dialysate into the abdominal cavity and use the peritoneal filtration in the body to remove metabolic waste and excess water in the blood. It is one of the kidney failure therapies other than hemodialysis. First, the extracorporeal circulation pipeline also needs to be flushed before membrane dialysis. As mentioned above, this application flushes and purifies The purification circuit in the circuit method can also be a blood circuit/blood circuit, a water circuit, or a metabolic circulation circuit. Wherein, the metabolic circulation circuit is used, for example, in the metabolic circulation circuit of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

In this application, the purification circuit includes an arterial blood line for connecting to human arterial blood vessels, a driving device provided on the arterial blood line, a dialysis device connected to the arterial blood line, and a dialysis device connected to the arterial blood line. The venous blood line; in the embodiment, the purification circuit is in the manner described in the embodiment shown in Figure 20, and will not be described again. The method of flushing and purifying the circuit includes the following steps:

An air collecting cavity is provided on the venous blood line, and the arterial end of the arterial blood line is connected to the venous end of the venous blood line; in the embodiment, the structure and working principle of the air collecting cavity are as follows: The methods described in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 21 to 23 or 24 to 27 will not be described again here.

causing the prefill fluid applied to the purification circuit to flow from the venous blood line to the arterial blood line (ie, reverse driving), so that the gas pre-stored in the dialysis device or/and the arterial blood line is enriched into the air collection chamber. In the embodiment, the process of implementing this step is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and will not be described again.

In the step of the prefill fluid flowing from the venous blood line to the arterial blood line, the gas existing in the dialysis device floats to the top and passes through the arterial blood line and the venous blood line in sequence. And enters from the top of the gas collection chamber to be enriched in the gas collection chamber, and the liquid flows from the bottom of the gas collection chamber to the bottom end of the dialysis device, as shown in the embodiment shown in Figure 22 above. The method of description will not be repeated here.

In an embodiment, a venous pot is also connected on the pipeline between the gas collecting chamber and the venous end of the venous blood line. In the manner described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 23 above, in the embodiment, it also includes causing the prefill fluid or blood applied in the purification circuit to flow from the arterial blood line to the venous blood line (i.e. Forward driving) step, so that the gas enriched in the gas collecting chamber flows into the venous pot preferentially than the liquid entering the gas collecting chamber so as to be discharged from the venous pot. In the embodiment, the method is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 23 , which will not be described again.

In an embodiment, the gas collecting chamber includes a liquid storage space located in the lower part of the cavity and a gas collecting space located in the upper part of the cavity. In the embodiment, the method is as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 24 , which will not be described again.

A first interface for connecting to the dialysis passage through a pipeline and a second interface for connecting to the venous end of the venous blood line through a pipeline are provided on opposite sides of the bottom end of the liquid storage space. In the embodiment, the method is as described in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 26 to 28 , which will not be described again here.

In the step of the prefill fluid flowing from the venous blood line to the arterial blood line, the gas existing in the dialysis device floats to the top and passes through the arterial blood line and the venous blood line in sequence. And enters from the second interface of the gas collecting cavity and is enriched in the internal gas collecting space of the gas collecting cavity, and the liquid flows from the first interface of the gas collecting cavity to the permeable Analyze the bottom of the channel. As shown in FIG. 24, in the embodiment of the flushing operation, the arterial end of the arterial blood line is connected to the venous end of the venous blood line, and the fluid in the purification circuit is allowed to flow in the reverse direction. The gas in the dialysis equipment on the dialysis passage floats to the top, flows along the arterial blood line and the venous blood line in sequence, and enters the gas collecting chamber through the second interface of the gas collecting chamber. Due to the gas The mass is smaller than the liquid, so the gas will float and be retained above the liquid level. Then, while flushing, the gas in the purification circuit can also be enriched in the gas collection space in the gas collection chamber and enter The liquid in the gas collecting chamber flows into the second interface of the gas collecting chamber and flows out through the first interface to flow to the bottom end of the dialysis equipment on the dialysis passage.

In an embodiment, the method further includes causing the priming fluid or blood applied in the purification circuit to flow from the arterial blood line to the venous blood line (forward drive), so that the priming fluid or blood flows from the collection line to the venous blood line. The first interface of the air chamber enters and flows from the second interface to the venous blood line, and the gas or bubbles carried by the prefill fluid or blood are enriched in the air collecting space of the air collecting chamber for discharge. . In the treatment mode or during treatment operation, when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven forward, the gas enriched in the gas collecting chamber flows into the venous pot preferentially than the liquid entering the gas collecting chamber so as to pass through The exhaust pipeline provided on the intravenous pot is discharged from the intravenous pot. In the embodiment of the treatment operation as shown in Figure 25, in the treatment mode or during the treatment operation, when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven forward, the fluid, such as blood, flows from the arterial blood line into the dialysis device for blood flow. After purification, it flows into the venous blood line and enters from the first interface of the gas collection chamber. Liquids such as blood flow from the second interface in the liquid storage space to the venous end of the venous blood line, and liquids such as blood The bubbles will be concentrated in the gas collection space on the upper side of the gas collection cavity, and will be discharged through the exhaust pipeline in a timely manner based on the detection of the sensor.

The present application also provides a dialysis equipment for dialysis treatment, which is suitable for home hemodialysis (HHD) treatment scenarios and hospital hemodialysis scenarios. Referring to Figure 20 or Figure 24, the dialysis equipment includes: a purification circuit, a driving device, a dialysis device, and a control device. When the dialysis equipment of the present application is actually used, its operation process includes several processes including pipeline connection, prefilling, flushing, treatment, blood return, emptying water, disconnecting the pipeline and discarding. In the following embodiments, the dialysis equipment provided by the present application will be described in subsequent embodiments with reference to the “flushing” process.

The purification circuit includes a first line, a dialysis passage connected to the first line, and a second line connected to the dialysis passage; wherein, the second line is provided with a gas collecting chamber; the gas collecting chamber is The gas in the purification circuit is enriched when the fluid in the purification circuit flows from the second circuit to the first circuit; in some embodiments of the present application, the purification circuit includes a first circuit, a third circuit two lines, and a dialysate line provided between the first line and the second line for communicating with the dialysis device. In the embodiment where the dialysis equipment is a hemodialysis equipment, the first line is an arterial blood line, and the second line is a venous blood line. As shown in Figure 20 or Figure 24, the circulation circuit includes an arterial blood line L1 and a venous blood line L3 connected with the arterial blood line L1. The purification circuit includes a device for connecting to the human body. The arterial blood line of the first part (for example, the arterial blood vessel of the human body), the dialysis pathway connected to the arterial blood line, and the venous blood line connected to the dialysis pathway, and the venous blood line is used to connect to the second part of the human body (for example, (for human body venous blood vessels); wherein, the venous blood line is provided with a gas collecting chamber; the gas collecting chamber is used to enrich the fluid in the purification circuit when it flows from the venous blood line to the arterial blood line. Purify the gas in the circuit; in the embodiment, the purification circuit includes an arterial blood line L1, a dialysis passage (including the passage of a dialysis device in the figure), and a venous blood line L3. Wherein, the venous end of the arterial blood line L1 and the venous blood line L3 are connected to each other, so that the arterial blood line L1, the dialysis passage, and the venous blood line L3 form a circulation loop, that is, a purification loop. In this application, the circulation loop can be used as a pre-charging loop in the pre-charging procedure; in the flushing procedure, the circulation loop is also a flushing loop; in the emptying procedure, the circulating loop is also an emptying loop.

In one embodiment, the gas collection chamber is used to enrich the gas in the purification circuit when the fluid in the purification circuit flows from the venous blood line to the arterial blood line. It should be noted that the gas collection chamber provided on the venous blood line is not a venous pot in the traditional sense. A traditional venous pot is intended for the forward flow of fluids such as blood or physiological saline (that is, from the arterial end to the venous end). flow), it is used to observe the dripping situation and collect gas from the pipeline. Therefore, the cross-section of the traditional intravenous pot is generally in an inverted trapezoidal or tapered structure, and the top of the traditional intravenous pot is usually equipped with an exhaust pipeline and a Components such as venous pot valves and sensors on the exhaust pipeline. The gas collection chamber in this application enriches the gas/bubbles in the purification circuit into the gas collection chamber when flowing from the venous blood line to the arterial blood line (ie, reverse flow or reverse flow). , this is due to the position design of its inlet and outlet, the implementation of the gas collection chamber, the connection method with the purification loop/circulation loop/main loop, and the working principle are as described in the embodiments of Figures 20 to 4. The method of description will not be repeated here.

In another embodiment, it is also possible to consider integrating the above-mentioned venous pot and gas collecting chamber into a component that has the functions of both the gas collecting chamber and the venous pot. For convenience of description, it is also called the gas collecting chamber in subsequent embodiments. , the gas collection chamber is different from the structure of traditional intravenous pots whose cross-sections are generally inverted trapezoidal or conical structures. In this embodiment, the gas collecting chamber includes a liquid storage space located in the lower part of the cavity and a gas collecting space located in the upper part of the cavity. That is, the gas collecting chamber is divided into two spaces according to functions. The upper gas collecting space is used for collecting gas, and the lower liquid storage space is used for collecting liquid passing through the gas collecting chamber. In one embodiment, an opening can be directly provided on the top of the gas collection chamber for communicating with the exhaust pipe. For example, a valve device for controlling exhaust is provided on the exhaust pipe. In an example, the exhaust pipe The air pipeline is provided with components such as a hydrophobic filter, a static pressure sensor, a solenoid valve, or/and a hydrophobic filter.

In order to facilitate the liquid in the liquid storage space to participate in the circulation process of the purification circuit, a first interface for connecting the dialysis passage through a pipeline and a first interface for connecting the dialysis passage through the pipeline are provided on opposite sides of the bottom end of the liquid storage space. connects the venous blood Secondary port on the venous end of the line. That is, the inlet and outlet of the gas collection chamber are located at the bottom end of the liquid storage space. In this embodiment, the first interface is connected to the bottom interface of the dialysis equipment on the dialysis passage, and the second interface is connected to the venous pot on the venous blood line. When the fluid in the purification circuit is driven forward When , the first interface is the inlet and the second interface is the outlet; on the contrary, when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven in the reverse direction, the second interface is the inlet and the first interface is the outlet . The implementation method of the gas collection chamber, the connection method with the purification loop/circulation loop/main loop, and the working principle are as described in the embodiments of FIGS. 24 to 28 , and will not be described again here.

The driving device is provided on the arterial blood line and is used to drive the fluid to flow forward or reverse in the purification circuit; it should be noted that during the treatment process of hemodialysis, the dialysis equipment drives blood from the arterial end to The direction of flow toward the venous end is forward flow.

In embodiments, the driving device includes but is not limited to a peristaltic pump, a pneumatic diaphragm pump, or a pressure pump, and is used to provide power to the fluid in the pipeline so that the fluid circulates in a preset flow direction. Here, in an application scenario for medical purposes, the driving device should not directly contact the fluid, but only apply pressure to the pipeline and drive the fluid flow. The preferred solution for the driving device is a peristaltic pump or a pneumatic diaphragm pump. and other non-contact pump devices. More specifically, the peristaltic pump is, for example, a dialysis pump or a blood pump. The forward rotation and reverse rotation (reverse rotation) of the peristaltic pump will cause the flow direction of the fluid in the circulation loop to be different. In an application example in which the circulation loop is a water circuit, the driving device may be a contact drive pump or the like to drive the fluid to flow in the forward or reverse direction in the circulation loop. In an application example in which the circulation loop is a water circuit, the driving device may be a contact drive pump or the like to drive the fluid to flow in the forward or reverse direction in the circulation loop.

The dialysis device is disposed on the dialysis passage, used to purify the blood flowing in the purification circuit, and forms a blood flow path for the patient's blood flow and dialysis through a built-in purification membrane for blood purification. Dialysate flow path for liquid flow; in embodiments, the dialysis device is used to purify the blood flowing in the purification circuit, and forms a flow path of the patient's blood through a built-in purification membrane for purifying blood. The blood flow path and the dialysate flow path for dialysate flow; in embodiments, the dialysis device includes a dialyzer, the dialyzer includes a dialysate chamber, a blood chamber and a semi-permeable membrane, etc., and the membrane connects the dialysis chamber to Separate from each other are the blood chamber, which in commonly used capillary-type dialyzers is formed by the entire inner volume of the hollow fibers, and the dialysate chamber, which is formed by the inner space of the housing of the dialyzer surrounding the hollow fibers. In an embodiment, the top end of the dialyzer is connected to the arterial blood line L1, and the bottom end of the dialyzer is connected to the venous blood line L1. Liquid line L3.

In one embodiment, a dialysate regeneration circulation system is also included between the dialysate inlet 60 and the dialysate outlet 61 of the dialysate line L2, including a waste liquid passage, the input end of which is connected to the outlet of the dialysate waste liquid; metabolic cycle The device, the input end of which is connected to the outlet of the waste liquid passage, is used to metabolically circulate the input dialysis waste liquid for first toxin treatment; the adsorption device, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the metabolic circulation device, is used to metabolize the input dialysis waste liquid for first toxin treatment; The waste liquid after the first toxin treatment by the metabolic circulation device is subjected to secondary toxin treatment to generate a regeneration liquid; the inlet of the regeneration liquid pipeline is connected to the adsorption device for outputting the regeneration liquid. The dialysate regeneration circulation system adds preparations such as enzyme-loaded microspheres to the metabolic circulation device. The preparations are circulated in the circulation pipeline driven by the driving device. Specifically, the preparations containing high concentrations of target molecules are circulated in the circulation pipeline. The dialysis waste liquid enters the metabolic circulation device through the inlet, and the target molecules are decomposed into corresponding products by the preparation. The metabolic filtration module set in the metabolic circulation device continuously separates the treated liquid, and traps the preparation in the metabolic circulation device, and maintains continuous The treated liquid flows out of the metabolic circulation device through the metabolic filtration module, and is processed by the adsorption device to produce dialysis regeneration fluid. After potassium, calcium and magnesium ions are supplemented in the regeneration fluid pipeline, it is used for dialysis again. This process can solve the problems of low exchange efficiency in the existing perfusion mode, which increases the dosage of enzyme, and the loss of enzyme efficiency and safety risks due to enzyme shedding.

In one embodiment, the metabolic circulation device includes: a collection container, the first interface of which is connected to the output end of the waste liquid passage, and has a function for mixing the added enzyme-loaded microspheres with the dialysis waste liquid to fully contact; metabolism A circulation pipeline, one end of which is connected to the second interface of the collection container, and the other end is connected to the third interface of the collection container; a metabolic circulation pump, which is provided on the metabolic circulation pipeline and is used to drive the mixing in the collection container The enzyme-loaded microspheres and dialysis waste liquid circulate in the metabolic circulation pipeline; a metabolic filtration module is provided on the metabolic circulation pipeline, and is used to circulate the enzyme-loaded microspheres in the metabolic circulation pipeline. After the mixed solution with the dialysis waste liquid is treated with toxins, the enzyme-loaded microspheres are retained in the metabolic circulation pipeline, and the metabolic treatment liquid of the dialysis waste liquid is filtered out.

In one embodiment, the dialysate regeneration circulation system further includes a device for controlling the metabolic circulation pump to dynamically balance the total amount of fluid in the metabolic circulation pipeline in metabolic circulation mode. The device may also be Used to control the rotation speed, direction, and/or frequency of the metabolic circulation pump to reduce the deposition of the enzyme-loaded microspheres in the metabolic filtration module.

The control device is used to execute a flushing mode to flush the purification circuit and enrich the gas in the purification circuit in the gas collection chamber; or to execute a treatment mode to perform treatment on the blood flowing in the purification circuit. After purification and input human body. In an embodiment, the control device is, for example, a controller of a dialysis equipment or a system processor, which outputs corresponding control instructions through a program written in the system processor; or accepts trigger instructions input by an operator to execute relevant controls. instruction.

In the treatment mode of the dialysis equipment, an arterial side puncture needle is connected to the front end of the arterial blood line L1 through a connector, and a driving device, such as a peristaltic blood pump, is provided in the middle of the arterial blood line L1. The front end of the blood line L3 is connected to the venous side puncture needle through the connector, and the dripper/venous pot or the gas collection chamber of the present application that also has the function of the intravenous pot is connected at its midway. In addition, during dialysis treatment, the arterial side puncture needle and the venous side puncture needle are respectively punctured into the target arterial blood vessel and the target venous blood vessel of the patient's body. When the blood pump is driven, the patient's blood reaches the dialysis device through the arterial blood line L1. Then, the blood is purified by the dialysis device, and is returned to the patient's body through the venous blood line L3 while being defoamed in the dripper/venous pot. That is, while the patient's blood is extracorporeally circulated from the tip of the arterial blood line L1 of the circulation circuit to the tip of the venous blood line L3, the blood is purified by the dialysis device.

In one embodiment of the flushing mode of the dialysis equipment, as shown in the above flushing operation embodiment in Figure 22, the arterial end of the arterial blood line and the venous end of the venous blood line are connected and connected, and The fluid in the purification circuit flows in the opposite direction, and the gas in the dialysis equipment on the dialysis passage floats to the top, flows along the arterial blood line and the venous blood line in sequence, and is enriched in the gas collection chamber inside, and the liquid entering the gas collecting chamber flows from the first interface of the gas collecting chamber to the bottom end of the dialysis equipment on the dialysis passage. Because in the flushing mode, the gas in the purification circuit is enriched in the gas collection chamber, and in the treatment phase, that is, when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven in the forward direction, it is originally enriched in the gas collection chamber. The gas inside will enter the venous pot first along the venous blood line, and then be discharged through the exhaust pipe L4 of the venous pot.

In another embodiment of the flushing mode of the dialysis equipment, as in the flushing operation embodiment shown in FIG. 24 above, the arterial end of the arterial blood line is connected to the venous end of the venous blood line, and The fluid in the purification circuit is caused to flow in the opposite direction, and the gas in the dialysis equipment on the dialysis passage floats to the top, flows along the arterial blood line and the venous blood line in sequence, and passes through the collection The second interface of the gas chamber enters the gas collection chamber. Since the mass of the gas is smaller than that of the liquid, the gas will float and be retained above the liquid level. Therefore, while flushing, the gas in the purification circuit can also be enriched in the gas collecting chamber. The liquid entering the gas collecting chamber flows into the gas collecting space from the second interface of the gas collecting cavity and flows out through the first interface to the bottom end of the dialysis equipment on the dialysis passage.

To sum up, the purification circuit, the method for flushing the purification circuit, and the dialysis equipment proposed in this application adopt the purification circuit of the air collection chamber added to the venous blood line, so that during the flushing operation, even if the dialysis device is not turned upside down In order to realize the final flushing and exhaust of dialysis, this application drives the fluid in the pipeline in reverse direction and adds an additional gas collection chamber downstream of the dialyzer device. When the liquid flows from the venous end through the venous pot to the gas collection chamber and to the dialysis When the bottom end of the device is installed, the air collection chamber A certain amount of gas can be enriched, because the gas in the gas collecting chamber will flow out from the top preferentially, so that the gas in the gas collecting chamber can be discharged in a timely manner in the treatment mode.

Based on the above descriptions of each example, this application provides multiple embodiments, specifically as follows:

1. A system for precharging and emptying purification circuits, including:

A liquid storage container, used to store pre-filled liquid and recover emptied waste liquid, includes a container body, and a first interface and a second interface provided on the container body for serving as liquid or/and gas inlets and outlets; In the filling mode, the outlet of the liquid in the liquid storage container is at a low position; in the emptying mode, the outlet of the gas in the liquid storage container is at a high position;

A circulation loop, one end of which is connected to the first interface, and the other end is connected to the second interface;

A driving device is provided on the circulation loop between the first interface and the second interface, and is used to drive the fluid to flow forward or reversely in the circulation loop.

2. The system of pre-charging and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 1, wherein the first interface is located at a high position in the container body; and the second interface is located at a low position in the container body.

3. The system of prefilling and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 2, wherein in the prefilling mode, the driving device is in a forward rotation state to drive the prefilling liquid in the liquid storage container from the The second interface flows into the circulation loop.

4. The system of precharging and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 2, wherein in the emptying mode, the driving device is in a reverse state to drive the gas in the liquid storage container from the first The interface drains into the circulation loop.

5. The system of precharging and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 2, wherein in the emptying mode, the liquid storage container is in an inverted state and the driving device is in a forward rotation state to drive the liquid storage. The gas in the container is discharged from the second interface into the circulation loop.

6. The system of pre-filling and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 2, wherein the first interface is an opening opened at the top of the container body; the second interface is opened at the bottom of the container body. of opening.

7. The system of pre-filling and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 2, wherein the first interface is a pipeline extending to the internal space of the container body and located at a first height; the second interface is In an opening opened at the bottom of the container body, when the liquid storage container is in an upright state, the first height is higher than the opening.

8. The system of pre-filling and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 2, wherein the first interface is a pipeline extending to the internal space of the container body and located at a first height; the second interface extends A pipeline is connected to the internal space of the container body and is located at a second height, and when the liquid storage container is in an upright state, the first height is higher than the second height.

9. The system of pre-filling and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 2, wherein when the liquid storage container is in an upright state, the first interface is located in the pre-filling liquid-full state in the container body. above the liquid level.

10. The system for pre-charging and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 1, wherein the first interface and the second interface of the liquid storage container are both located at a low position in the container body.

11. The system of prefilling and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 10, wherein in the prefilling mode, the driving device is in a forward rotation state to drive the prefilling liquid in the liquid storage container from the The second interface flows into the circulation loop.

12. The system of precharging and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 10, wherein in the emptying mode, the liquid storage container is in an inverted state and the driving device is in a forward rotation state to drive the liquid storage container. The gas in the liquid container is discharged into the circulation loop from the second interface.

13. The system for precharging and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 1, further comprising a first valve for blocking or conducting the first interface.

14. The system for precharging and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 1, further comprising a second valve for blocking or conducting the second interface.

15. The system of precharging and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 1, wherein the circulation circuit includes a first branch, a second branch, and a main circuit connected end to end, wherein the first branch The first end of the circuit is connected to the first interface, the second end of the first branch is connected to the first section of the main loop; the first end of the second branch is connected to the second interface, so The second end of the second branch is connected to the second section of the main circuit; a third valve for blocking or conducting the fluid passage is provided between the first section and the second section of the main circuit.

16. The system for precharging and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 15, wherein the circulation circuit is further provided with a fourth valve for blocking or connecting the first branch and the second branch.

17. The system of precharging and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 16, wherein the fourth valve is a flow channel switching valve that can switch the flow state; the first state of the flow channel switching valve is It is used to conduct the first branch and the second branch, and block the passage between the first section and the second section of the main circuit; the second state of the flow channel switching valve is used to block the first branch. and the second branch, and conducts the passage between the first section and the second section of the main circuit; the third state of the flow channel switching valve is used to conduct the first end of the first branch and the second section. The second end of the second branch, the first end of the second branch and the second end of the first branch, and block the passage between the first section and the second section of the main circuit.

18. The system of precharging and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 1, wherein the circulation circuit includes a first branch, a second branch, and a main circuit connected end to end, and the first branch, The intersection of the second branch and the main circuit connected from end to end is provided with a flow channel switching valve that can switch the flow state. The first state of the flow channel switching valve is used to connect the first branch to the desired flow state. The first section of the main loop and the second branch are connected to the second section of the main loop, and the passage between the first section and the second section of the main loop is blocked; the flow channel switching The second state of the valve member is used to connect the first branch to The first section of the main circuit is blocked and the second branch circuit is blocked from the second section of the main circuit, and the paths between the first section and the second section of the main circuit are connected.

19. The system for precharging and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 18, wherein the third state of the flow channel switching valve is used to connect the first branch to the second state of the main circuit. section and connect the second branch to the first section of the main loop, and block the passage between the first section and the second section of the main loop.

20. The system for precharging and emptying the purification circuit according to embodiment 17 or 18, wherein the flow channel switching valve is a manual valve.

21. The system of precharging and emptying the purification circuit according to embodiment 17 or 18, wherein the flow channel switching valve is an electric valve that automatically switches the first, second, or third state according to the driving program. .

22. The system for precharging and emptying the purification circuit according to embodiment 1, wherein the circulation circuit includes an arterial blood line, a venous blood line, and a user disposed between the arterial blood line and the venous blood line. In the dialysate line connected to the dialysis device.

23. The system for prefilling and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 1, wherein the liquid storage container is a soft bag or a hard bottle.

24. The system for prefilling and emptying the purification circuit according to embodiment 1, further comprising a mechanism for upright or inverting the liquid storage container.

25. The system for pre-charging and emptying the purification circuit according to Embodiment 1, wherein the driving device is a peristaltic pump or a pneumatic diaphragm pump.

26. The system for prefilling and emptying the purification circuit according to embodiment 1, wherein the prefilling liquid is physiological saline, physiological buffer, or enzyme-loaded microsphere solution.

27. The system for prefilling and emptying the purification circuit according to embodiment 1, wherein the circulation circuit includes a blood circuit circuit, a water circuit circuit, an enrichment circuit circuit, or a metabolic circuit circuit.

28. A dialysis equipment, including:

A circulation loop includes a first line and a second line connected to the first line. In the precharge mode or emptying mode of the circulation loop, the input end of the first line is connected to the second line. The output end, the first interface is connected to the first section of the circulation loop, the first interface is connected to the second section of the circulation loop; in the treatment mode, the input of the first line The end of the second line is connected to the first part of the human body, and the output end of the second line is connected to the second part. point;

A driving device, located on the first line and between the second section and the first section in the circulation loop, is used to drive fluid to flow in the circulation loop;

A dialysis device used to purify the fluid flowing in the circulation loop, and form a fluid flow path for patient fluid flow and a dialysate flow path for dialysate flow through a built-in purification membrane for purifying the fluid;

A control device for precharging the circulation loop in a pre-charging mode, purifying the fluid flowing in the circulation loop and inputting it into the human body after purifying the fluid flowing in the circulation loop, or emptying the circulation loop in an emptying mode. The waste liquid in the circuit is recovered by discharging into the liquid storage container.

29. The dialysis device according to embodiment 28, wherein the first interface is located at a high position in the container body; and the second interface is located at a low position in the container body.

30. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 29, wherein in the prefill mode, the driving device is in a forward rotation state to drive the prefill liquid in the liquid storage container to flow from the second interface into the circulation. loop.

31. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 29, wherein in the emptying mode, the driving device is in a reverse state to drive the gas in the liquid storage container to be discharged from the first interface into the circulation loop. .

32. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 29, wherein, in the emptying mode, the liquid storage container is in an inverted state and the driving device is in a forward rotation state to drive the gas in the liquid storage container from the The second port drains into the circulation loop.

33. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 29, wherein the first interface is an opening opened at the top of the container body; and the second interface is an opening opened at the bottom of the container body.

34. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 29, wherein the first interface is a pipeline extending to the internal space of the container body and located at a first height; the second interface is opened at the bottom of the container body the opening; in the upright state of the liquid storage container, the first height is higher than the opening.

35. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 29, wherein the first interface is a pipeline extending to the internal space of the container body and located at a first height; the second interface extends to the internal space of the container body And the pipeline is located at the second height, and when the liquid storage container is in the upright state, the first height is higher than the second height.

36. The dialysis equipment according to Embodiment 29, wherein when the liquid storage container is in an upright state, the first interface is located above the liquid level in the container body in a pre-filled state.

37. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 28, wherein the first interface and the second interface of the liquid storage container are both located at a low position in the container body.

38. The dialysis equipment according to Embodiment 37, wherein in the prefill mode, the driving device is in a forward rotation state to drive the prefill liquid in the liquid storage container to flow from the second interface into the circulation. loop. .

39. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 37, wherein, in the emptying mode, the liquid storage container is in an inverted state and the driving device is in a forward rotation state to drive the gas in the liquid storage container from its location. The second interface is discharged into the circulation loop.

40. The dialysis device according to embodiment 28, further comprising a first valve member for blocking or conducting the first interface.

41. The dialysis device according to embodiment 28, further comprising a second valve member for blocking or conducting the second interface.

42. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 28, wherein the circulation loop includes a first branch, a second branch, and a main loop connected end to end, wherein the first end of the first branch is connected to all The first interface, the second end of the first branch is connected to the first section of the main circuit; the first end of the second branch is connected to the second interface, and the third end of the second branch is connected to the first interface. The two ends are connected to the second section of the main circuit; a third valve for blocking or guiding the fluid passage is provided between the first section and the second section of the main circuit.

43. The dialysis equipment according to Embodiment 42, wherein the circulation circuit is further provided with a fourth valve for blocking or connecting the first branch and the second branch.

44. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 43, wherein the fourth valve is a flow channel switching valve that can switch the flow state; the first state of the flow channel switching valve is used to conduct the first branch. and the second branch, and blocks the passage between the first section and the second section of the main circuit; the second state of the flow channel switching valve is used to block the first branch and the second branch, and conducts the passage between the first section and the second section of the main circuit; the third state of the flow channel switching valve is used to conduct the first end of the first branch and the second end of the second branch. , the first end of the second branch and the second end of the first branch, and blocking the passage between the first section and the second section of the main circuit.

45. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 28, wherein the circulation loop includes a first branch, a second branch, and a main loop connected end-to-end, and the first branch, the second branch, and the end-to-end main loop are connected. The intersection of the connected main circuits is provided with a flow channel switching valve that can switch the flow state. The first state of the flow channel switching valve is used to connect the first branch to the first section of the main circuit. And connect the second branch to the second section of the main circuit, and block the passage between the first section and the second section of the main circuit; the second state of the flow channel switching valve is Blocking the first branch from the first section of the main circuit and blocking the second branch from the second section of the main circuit, and connecting the first section of the main circuit to The path of the second section is open.

46. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 45, wherein the third state of the flow channel switching valve is used to connect the first branch to the second section of the main circuit and to connect the second The branch is connected to the first section of the main loop, and the main loop The first and second sections of the road are blocked.

47. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 44 or 45, wherein the flow channel switching valve is a manual valve.

48. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 44 or 45, wherein the flow channel switching valve is an electric valve that automatically switches the first, second, or third state according to a driving program.

49. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 28, wherein the circulation loop further includes a dialysate line disposed between the first line and the second line for communicating with a dialysis device.

50. The dialysis equipment according to embodiment 28, wherein the liquid storage container is a soft bag or a hard bottle.

51. The dialysis device according to embodiment 28, further comprising a mechanism for upright or inverted said liquid storage container.

52. The dialysis apparatus of embodiment 28, wherein the driving device is a peristaltic pump or a pneumatic diaphragm pump.

53. The dialysis device according to embodiment 28, wherein the prefilling fluid is physiological saline, physiological buffer, or enzyme-loaded microsphere solution.

54. The dialysis device of embodiment 28, wherein the circulation circuit includes a blood circuit, a water circuit, a enrichment circuit, or a metabolic circuit.

The above embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present application, but are not used to limit the present application. Anyone familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in this application shall still be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

A purification circuit, characterized in that it includes a pipeline, a driving device disposed on the pipeline, and a gas collecting chamber connected to the pipeline, wherein the gas collecting cavity includes a gas collecting chamber when the fluid in the purification circuit is reversed. A reverse gas collection chamber used to enrich the gas in the purification circuit during flow.
The purification circuit according to claim 1, wherein the gas collection chamber further includes a forward gas collection chamber for enriching the gas in the purification circuit when the fluid in the purification circuit flows forward.
The purification circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that when the fluid in the purification circuit flows forward, the reverse air collection chamber is located downstream of the forward air collection chamber.
The purification circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that when the fluid in the purification circuit flows forward, the reverse air collection chamber is located upstream of the forward air collection chamber.
The purification circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the reverse gas collecting chamber and the forward gas collecting chamber are the same cavity, and the cavity includes a liquid storage space located in the lower part of the cavity and a liquid storage space located in the lower part of the cavity. The gas collection space in the upper part of the cavity.
The purification circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, a first interface for communicating with the upstream of the pipeline and a first interface for communicating with the downstream of the pipeline are provided on opposite sides of the bottom end of the liquid storage space of the cavity. Second interface.
The purification circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the purification circuit includes a blood circuit circuit, a water circuit circuit, an enrichment circulation circuit, or a metabolic circulation circuit.
The purification circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the purification circuit includes a first line, a dialysis passage connected to the first line, and a second line connected to the dialysis passage; wherein, the second A gas collection chamber is provided on the line; the gas collection chamber is used to enrich the gas in the purification circuit when the fluid in the purification circuit flows from the second circuit to the first circuit.
The purification circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that the inner diameter of the gas collection chamber is larger than the inner diameter of the pipeline in the second line.
The purification circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that the internal volume of the gas collection chamber is greater than the volume of the existing gas in the purification circuit in the initial state.
The purification circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that the gas collection chamber has a first interface for connecting to the dialysis passage through a pipeline and a third interface for connecting to the venous end of the second line through the pipeline. Two interfaces, wherein the first interface is located at the bottom end of the gas collecting cavity, and the second interface is located at the top end of the gas collecting cavity.
The purification circuit according to claim 11, characterized in that when the fluid in the purification circuit is reversely driven, the liquid or/and gas passing through the second line flows from the second interface into the gas collecting chamber. , and flows from the first interface to the dialysis passage, so that the gas carried in the liquid is enriched in the gas collection chamber.
The purification circuit according to claim 11, characterized in that when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven forward, the liquid passing through the first line flows into the first interface from the first interface through the dialysis passage. The gas collecting cavity is filled with the gas collecting cavity, and flows from the second interface to the second line after filling the gas collecting cavity.
The purification circuit according to claim 11, characterized in that the arterial end of the first line and the venous end of the second line are connected and connected to allow the fluid in the purification circuit to flow in a reverse direction. The gas in the dialysis passage floats to the top and passes through the first line and the second line in order to be enriched in the gas collection chamber. The liquid flows from the first interface of the gas collection chamber to the dialysis passage. the bottom of.
The purification circuit according to claim 8, wherein an arterial pot is connected to the pipeline between the dialysis passage and the arterial end of the first line.
The purification circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that a venous pot is also connected on the pipeline between the gas collecting chamber and the venous end of the second line.
The purification circuit according to claim 16, characterized in that when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven in the forward direction, the gas enriched in the gas collection chamber flows into the gas collection chamber preferentially than the liquid entering the gas collection chamber. The venous pot is used to drain the venous pot.
The purification circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that the gas collecting chamber includes a liquid storage space located in the lower part of the cavity and a gas collecting space located in the upper part of the cavity.
The purification circuit according to claim 18, wherein a first interface for connecting the dialysis passage through a pipeline and a second interface for connecting the second interface through a pipeline are provided on opposite sides of the bottom end of the liquid storage space. Secondary port on the venous end of the line.
The purification circuit according to claim 19, characterized in that the liquid flowing from one of the first interface or the second interface to the other interface through the liquid storage space generates multiple flow directions in the liquid storage space. Change.
The purification circuit according to claim 19, characterized in that the liquid storage space includes a first extension part, a second extension part extending downward respectively, and an isolation located at the first extension part and the second extension part. part; wherein, the first interface is provided at the bottom end of the first extension part; the second interface is provided at the bottom end of the second extension part, and the isolation part is higher than the first interface and Second interface.
The purification circuit according to claim 21, characterized in that the length of the first extension portion with the first interface or the second extension portion with the second interface is determined by the flow rate of the fluid in the liquid storage space, The bubble content or fluid flow rate is related; or the length of the isolation portion located at the first extension part and the second extension part is related to the flow rate, bubble content, or fluid flow rate of the fluid in the liquid storage space; or from the third One interface or one of the second interfaces flows to the other The shortest fluid flow distance of an interface is related to the flow rate, bubble content, or fluid flow rate of the fluid.
The purification circuit according to claim 21, wherein the first extension part and the second extension part of the liquid storage space both extend downward.
The purification circuit according to claim 21, wherein one of the first extension part and the second extension part of the liquid storage space extends horizontally, and the other extension part extends downward, and the first extension part and the second extension have an incident angle.
The purification circuit according to claim 21, wherein the isolation part has a step structure relative to the first extension part and/or the second extension part; and the isolation part has a step structure relative to the third extension part. One extension part and/or the second extension part has an arched structure; or the isolation part is a baffle structure extending upward from the bottom of the air collection chamber.
The purification circuit according to claim 21, wherein the path cross section of the fluid flowing from one of the first interface or the second interface to the other interface is larger than the cross section of the first interface or the second interface.
The purification circuit according to claim 19, characterized in that a filter element is provided in the liquid storage space for filtering fluid flowing between the first interface and the second interface.
The purification circuit according to claim 27, characterized in that the bottom end of the filter element is adjacent to the first interface, and the top end of the filter element is adjacent to the second interface, and is arranged at an angle of 30°-60°. in the gas collecting cavity.
The purification circuit according to claim 27, wherein the filter element is a filter screen.
The purification circuit according to claim 18, characterized in that the air collection chamber has an A-shaped, inverted V-shaped, inverted U-shaped, n-shaped, or mountain-shaped structure.
The purification circuit according to claim 18, characterized in that the top of the gas collection space is provided with an air bag communicating with its cavity.
The purification circuit according to claim 31, further comprising a detection device for clamping the air bag to detect the liquid level position or the amount of enriched gas in the gas collection chamber.
The purification circuit according to claim 32, characterized in that the detection device is a liquid level detection device, a pressure detection device, or a liquid level adjustment device.
The purification circuit according to claim 1, 8 or 18, characterized in that the gas collection space of the gas collection chamber has a third interface of an exhaust pipeline for excluding cavity gas, and the exhaust pipeline is There is a valve device for controlling the exhaust.
The purification circuit according to claim 34, characterized in that a hydrophobic filter, a static pressure sensor, a solenoid valve, or/and a hydrophobic filter are provided on the exhaust pipeline.
The purification circuit according to claim 1, 8 or 18, characterized in that the second line is provided with a venous valve or/ and photoelectric sensors.
The purification circuit according to claim 1, 8 or 18, characterized in that a hydrophobic filter or/arterial pressure sensor is provided on the first line.
The purification circuit according to claim 1, 8 or 18, characterized in that the fluid is physiological saline, physiological buffer, or enzyme-loaded microsphere solution.
A method for flushing a purification circuit. The purification circuit includes a first line for connecting to human arteries and blood vessels, a driving device provided on the first line, a dialysis device connected to the first line, and a dialysis device connected to the first line. The second circuit of the dialysis device; characterized in that the method includes the following steps:

An air collection chamber is provided on the second line, and the arterial end of the first line is connected to the venous end of the second line; and

causing the prefill fluid applied to the purification circuit to flow from the second line to the first line, so that the gas pre-stored in the dialysis device or/and the first line is enriched into the gas collection in the cavity.
The method of flushing the purification circuit according to claim 39, wherein during the step of flowing the prefill liquid from the second line to the first line, the gas existing in the dialysis device floats to Its top passes through the first line and the second line in sequence and enters from the top of the gas collecting chamber to be enriched in the gas collecting chamber. The liquid flows from the bottom of the gas collecting chamber to the The bottom of the dialysis unit.
The method of flushing and purifying a circuit according to claim 40, characterized in that a venous pot is also connected on the pipeline between the gas collecting chamber and the venous end of the second line.
The method of flushing a purification circuit according to claim 41, further comprising causing the prefill fluid or blood applied in the purification circuit to flow from the first circuit to the second circuit, so that the enriched liquid The gas collected in the gas collecting chamber flows into the venous pot preferentially than the liquid entering the gas collecting chamber so as to be discharged from the venous pot.
The method of flushing and purifying a circuit according to claim 39, wherein the gas collection chamber includes a liquid storage space located in the lower part of the cavity and a gas collection space located in the upper part of the cavity.
The method of flushing and purifying the circuit according to claim 43, wherein a first interface for connecting the dialysis passage through a pipeline and a first interface for connecting all the dialysis channels through a pipeline are provided on opposite sides of the bottom end of the liquid storage space. the second interface at the venous end of the second line.
The method of flushing the purification circuit according to claim 44, characterized in that in the step of the prefill liquid flowing from the second line to the first line, the gas existing in the dialysis device floats to Its top passes through the first line and the second line in sequence and enters from the second interface of the gas collection chamber and is enriched in the inner collection of the gas collection chamber. In the air space, liquid flows from the first interface of the air collection chamber to the bottom end of the dialysis passage.
The method of flushing a purification circuit according to claim 44, further comprising causing the prefill liquid or blood applied in the purification circuit to flow from the first line to the second line, so that the prefill fluid or blood Liquid or blood enters from the first interface of the gas collecting chamber and flows from the second interface to the second line. The gas or bubbles carried by the prefilled liquid or blood are enriched in the gas collecting chamber. in the gas collection space for discharge.
A dialysis equipment, characterized by including:

The purification circuit includes a first line, a dialysis passage connected to the first line, and a second line connected to the dialysis passage; wherein, the second line is provided with a gas collecting chamber; the gas collecting chamber is used to enriching the gas in the purification circuit as the fluid in the purification circuit flows from the second line to the first line;

A driving device, located on the first line, is used to drive the fluid to flow in the forward or reverse direction in the purification circuit;

A dialysis device, located on the dialysis passage, is used to purify the fluid flowing in the purification circuit, and forms a fluid flow path for patient fluid flow and dialysate through a built-in purification membrane for purifying the fluid. flowing dialysate flow path;

A control device configured to execute a flushing mode to flush the purification circuit and enrich the gas in the purification circuit in the gas collecting chamber; or to execute a treatment mode to purify the fluid flowing in the purification circuit. After processing and input into the human body.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 47, wherein the inner diameter of the gas collection chamber is larger than the inner diameter of the pipeline in the second line.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 47, characterized in that the internal volume of the gas collection chamber is larger than the volume of the existing gas in the purification circuit in the initial state.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 47, characterized in that the gas collection chamber has a first interface for connecting to the dialysis passage through a pipeline and a third interface for connecting to the venous end of the second line through the pipeline. Two interfaces, wherein the first interface is located at the bottom end of the gas collecting cavity, and the second interface is located at the top end of the gas collecting cavity.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 50, characterized in that when the fluid in the purification circuit is reversely driven, the liquid or/and gas passing through the second line flows from the second interface into the gas collecting chamber. , and flows from the first interface to the dialysis passage, so that the gas carried in the liquid is enriched in the gas collection chamber.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 50, characterized in that when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven in the forward direction, the liquid passing through the first line flows into the first interface from the first interface through the dialysis passage. The gas collecting cavity is filled with the gas collecting cavity, and flows from the second interface to the second line after filling the gas collecting cavity.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 50, characterized in that the arterial end of the first line is connected to the venous end of the second line to allow the fluid in the purification circuit to flow in a reverse direction. The gas in the dialysis passage floats to the top and passes through the first line and the second line in order to be enriched in the gas collection chamber. The liquid flows from the first interface of the gas collection chamber to the dialysis passage. the bottom of.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 47, wherein an arterial pot is connected to the pipeline between the dialysis passage and the arterial end of the first line.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 47, characterized in that a venous pot is also connected on the pipeline between the gas collecting chamber and the venous end of the second line.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 55, characterized in that when the fluid in the purification circuit is driven in the forward direction, the gas enriched in the gas collecting chamber flows into the gas collecting chamber preferentially than the liquid entering the gas collecting chamber. The venous pot is used to drain the venous pot.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 47, characterized in that the gas collection chamber includes a liquid storage space located in the lower part of the cavity and a gas collection space located in the upper part of the cavity.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 57, wherein a first interface for connecting the dialysis passage through a pipeline and a second interface for connecting the second interface through a pipeline are provided on opposite sides of the bottom end of the liquid storage space. Secondary port on the venous end of the line.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 58, wherein the liquid flowing from one of the first interface or the second interface to the other interface through the liquid storage space generates multiple flow directions in the liquid storage space. Change.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 58, wherein the liquid storage space includes a first extension portion, a second extension portion extending downward respectively, and an isolation portion located at the first extension portion and the second extension portion. part; wherein, the first interface is provided at the bottom end of the first extension part; the second interface is provided at the bottom end of the second extension part, and the isolation part is higher than the first interface and Second interface.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 60, wherein the length of the first extension portion with the first interface or the second extension portion with the second interface is equal to the length of the fluid in the liquid storage space. The flow rate, bubble content, or fluid flow rate is related; or the length of the isolation portion located at the first extension part and the second extension part is related to the flow rate, bubble content, or fluid flow rate of the fluid in the liquid storage space; or from the The shortest flow distance of the fluid from one of the first interface or the second interface to the other interface is related to the flow rate, bubble content, or fluid flow rate of the fluid.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 60, wherein the first extension part and the second extension part of the liquid storage space both extend downward.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 60, wherein one of the first extension part and the second extension part of the liquid storage space extends horizontally, and the other extension part extends downward, and the first extension part and the second extension have an incident angle.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 60, wherein the isolation part has a step structure relative to the first extension part and/or the second extension part; and the isolation part has a step structure relative to the third extension part. One extension part and/or the second extension part has an arched structure; or the isolation part is a baffle structure extending upward from the bottom of the air collection chamber.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 60, wherein the path cross section of the fluid flowing from one of the first interface or the second interface to the other interface is larger than the cross section of the first interface or the second interface.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 58, characterized in that a filter element is provided in the liquid storage space for filtering fluid flowing between the first interface and the second interface.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 66, characterized in that the bottom end of the filter element is adjacent to the first interface, and the top end of the filter element is adjacent to the second interface, and is arranged at an angle of 30°-60°. in the gas collecting cavity.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 66, characterized in that the filter element is a filter screen.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 57, characterized in that the gas collection chamber has an A-shaped, inverted V-shaped, inverted U-shaped, n-shaped, or mountain-shaped structure.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 57, characterized in that an air bag is provided at the top of the gas collection space to communicate with the cavity thereof.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 70, further comprising a detection device for clamping the air bag to detect the liquid level position or the amount of enriched gas in the gas collection chamber.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 71, characterized in that the detection device is a liquid level detection device, a pressure detection device, or a liquid level adjustment device.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 47 or 57, characterized in that the gas collecting space of the gas collecting chamber has a third interface of an exhaust pipeline for excluding chamber gas, and the exhaust pipeline is provided with a Valve device for controlling exhaust.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 73, characterized in that a hydrophobic filter, a static pressure sensor, a solenoid valve, or/and a hydrophobic filter are provided on the exhaust pipeline.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 47 or 57, characterized in that the second line is provided with a venous valve or/and a photoelectric sensor.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 47 or 57, characterized in that a hydrophobic filter or/arterial pressure sensor is provided on the first line.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 47, wherein the fluid is physiological saline, physiological buffer, or enzyme-loaded microsphere solution.
The dialysis equipment according to claim 47, characterized in that the purification circuit includes a blood circuit circuit, a water circuit circuit, or a metabolic circulation circuit.