WO2024016630A1 - 一种盐酸地尔硫卓的药物组合物、制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

一种盐酸地尔硫卓的药物组合物、制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2024016630A1
WO2024016630A1 PCT/CN2023/074701 CN2023074701W WO2024016630A1 WO 2024016630 A1 WO2024016630 A1 WO 2024016630A1 CN 2023074701 W CN2023074701 W CN 2023074701W WO 2024016630 A1 WO2024016630 A1 WO 2024016630A1
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diltiazem hydrochloride
pharmaceutical composition
propylene glycol
benzoic acid
gel matrix
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PCT/CN2023/074701
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English (en)
French (fr)
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侯朋
卢恩先
冯龙龙
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上海奥全生物医药科技有限公司
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Priority to US18/529,137 priority Critical patent/US20240108729A1/en
Publication of WO2024016630A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024016630A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
    • A61K31/554—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole having at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as ring hetero atoms, e.g. clothiapine, diltiazem
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
    • A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
    • A61K47/12—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/32—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. carbomers, poly(meth)acrylates, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
    • A61K47/38—Cellulose; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0031—Rectum, anus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/06—Ointments; Bases therefor; Other semi-solid forms, e.g. creams, sticks, gels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/02—Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/14—Vasoprotectives; Antihaemorrhoidals; Drugs for varicose therapy; Capillary stabilisers

Definitions

  • the invention specifically relates to a pharmaceutical composition of diltiazem hydrochloride, a preparation method and its application, and belongs to the field of pharmaceutical preparations.
  • Anal fissure It is a small ulcer formed after the skin layer of the anal canal is broken under the dentate line. It often causes severe pain around the anus. It is more common in young and middle-aged people. The typical clinical manifestations of anal fissure are pain, blood in the stool and constipation. The cause of anal fissures is still unclear and may be related to a variety of factors. Mechanical trauma during defecation caused by long-term constipation and dry feces is the direct cause of the formation of most anal fissures. In addition, diarrhea is also one of the important reasons for the formation of anal fissures. In China, the incidence of anal fissure accounts for about 20% of anorectal diseases.
  • Medication treatments are divided into analgesic categories such as lidocaine gel, local injection of botulinum toxin, and nitroglycerin cream.
  • analgesic categories such as lidocaine gel, local injection of botulinum toxin, and nitroglycerin cream.
  • Diltiazem Hydrochloride also has a significant effect in treating post-operative pain due to hemorrhoids.
  • Diltiazem hydrochloride oral tablets were first launched in Japan in February 1974 under the trade name (Hebeishang), with specifications of 30 mg and 60 mg. They were subsequently launched on the FDA and EMA, with the maximum specification of 120 mg, and improved new drugs, such as sustained-release capsules. (maximum specification 420mg), injection (maximum specification 50mg) are also on the market, mainly used to treat hypertension, angina pectoris and arrhythmia. The disadvantage of oral administration is that the cure rate is low, and the drug is distributed throughout the body and has serious side effects.
  • diltiazem hydrochloride is easily hydrolyzed into desacetyl diltiazem, and the efficacy of the hydrolyzate will be reduced by 20% to 40%, and diltiazem hydrochloride is easily oxidized, which is harmful to For formulation R&D companies, developing a stable and quality-qualified local delivery of diltiazem hydrochloride is a huge challenge.
  • Chinese patent CN112020349A discloses an anhydrous gel composition of diltiazem hydrochloride and lidocaine. Five solvents are used in the composition. This prescription has the following shortcomings: 1) Dextanthenol has not been registered in China, so it cannot be made.
  • Caprylic capric acid polyethylene glycol glyceride (Labrasol) is added to this prescription as a skin penetration enhancer, which will increase the toxicity of the drug;
  • Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether is used as a solubilizer to make various materials Mutual fusion, especially the dissolution of raw materials, can easily lead to the risk of stratification and precipitation;
  • the inventor found that the stability of this preparation was poor during preliminary experimental exploration, see Table 22 for details. Therefore, the preparation products prepared using this patent are highly toxic, have poor stability, and are difficult to obtain dexpanthenol, making it difficult to make medicines.
  • This patent has problems that are difficult to solve, both in terms of the availability of excipients in China and the role of the preparation itself. Shortcomings.
  • this field lacks a topical diltiazem hydrochloride pharmaceutical composition with simple prescription, easily available excipients, stable quality, reasonable process design, no skin penetration enhancer, and suitable for industrial production. Its research and development has become an urgent industrial and clinical issue. sex.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition of diltiazem hydrochloride.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is preferably a gel and consists of diltiazem hydrochloride and auxiliary materials.
  • the auxiliary materials include propylene glycol, benzoic acid and gel matrix.
  • the gel matrix is one or a mixture of povidone and hydroxypropylcellulose;
  • diltiazem hydrochloride 1%-5%
  • benzoic acid is 0.1-5.0%
  • the gel matrix is 5-10%
  • the balance is propylene glycol.
  • the pH of the prepared gel is maintained at 3.0-4.5.
  • the obtained product does not contain water. This is completely different from conventional water-soluble gels.
  • the technical problem solved is how to obtain a stable pharmaceutical composition that can withstand the test of various extreme environments.
  • diltiazem hydrochloride 1%-5%
  • benzoic acid is 0.1-3.0%
  • the gel matrix is 5.0-9.0%
  • the balance is propylene glycol.
  • diltiazem hydrochloride is 1%-4%
  • benzoic acid is 0.1-2.0%
  • the gel matrix is 7.0-9.0%
  • the balance is propylene glycol.
  • diltiazem hydrochloride is 1%-4%
  • benzoic acid is 0.1-1.0%
  • the gel matrix is 7.0-9.0%
  • the balance is propylene glycol.
  • diltiazem hydrochloride is 1%-4%
  • benzoic acid is 0.25-0.75%
  • the gel matrix is 7.0-9.0%
  • the balance is propylene glycol.
  • the gel matrix is hydroxypropyl cellulose.
  • the weight percentage of diltiazem hydrochloride is 2%.
  • the pharmaceutical composition includes 2% diltiazem hydrochloride, 89.5% propylene glycol, 0.5% benzoic acid and 8.0% hydroxypropyl cellulose.
  • the present invention further provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned pharmaceutical composition, comprising the following steps:
  • the present invention further provides an application of the above pharmaceutical composition in preparing a medicine for treating anal fissure or hemorrhoids postoperative pain.
  • the specific preparation method can be more specific as:
  • the vacuum of the emulsification pot is 0.05 to -0.10MPa
  • the material is emulsified.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is preferably a gel.
  • the gel is transparent and has better acceptability than creams and ointments. It does not contain an oil phase and will not cause phase separation.
  • This invention adopts more stringent quality control standards.
  • the Chinese Pharmacopoeia stipulates that the content of diltiazem hydrochloride tablets should be 93.0% to 107.0% of the labeled amount, and the simplex content should be ⁇ 0.5%. If it exceeds this range, it may lead to a decrease in efficacy. If the simplex content is too high, long-term use may cause toxicity or even cancer. , therefore, the Q3B document of the International Conference on Technical Coordination of Registration of Human Drugs strictly controls the impurities of pharmaceutical preparations (impurities ⁇ 0.2%).
  • hydrochloric acid The content of diltiazem is controlled at 95.0% to 105.0%, and single impurities are ⁇ 0.2%.
  • the internal control standards are stricter than those in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, further preventing the risk of reduced efficacy of the active ingredients in the later period.
  • diltiazem hydrochloride contains an ester bond and is easily hydrolyzed into desacetyl diltiazem (Imp-F).
  • Desacetyl diltiazem (Imp-F) is a metabolite in the body and its safety is recognized.
  • the hydrolyzed desacetyl diltiazem (Imp-F) ) The activity of diltiazem hydrochloride is 20% to 40% of that of diltiazem hydrochloride. Considering that the internal control of the minimum content of diltiazem hydrochloride is 95.0%, this patent controls Imp-F to ⁇ 3.0%.
  • Diltiazem hydrochloride is extremely unstable and prone to hydrolysis and oxidation. Water will accelerate its hydrolysis and oxidation, so water cannot be included in the prescription.
  • the thickener and diltiazem hydrochloride can be dissolved in the solvent, and diltiazem hydrochloride is stable in the solvent.
  • the prescription does not contain water. If the concentration of diltiazem remains unchanged, it means that other solvents need to be replaced. At this time, multiple solvents need to be added. Multiple solvents may have stability and compatibility. Sexual issues. By mixing propylene glycol, glycerol and polyethylene glycol in units and multiples, the patentee finally screened out a propylene glycol concentration greater than 80%, and the formulation stability is relatively good, see Example 1 (prescription 5 in Table 4).
  • the patentee conducted research on preservatives that are miscible with propylene glycol (ethyl hydroxyphenyl, benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid) and screened out a formula containing benzoic acid that greatly improves the stability (Recipe 12) , guessing that it is the pH adjustment effect of benzoic acid, and then designed a comparative test of hydrochloric acid as a pH adjustment, and found that the prescription containing benzoic acid is better than hydrochloric acid (Table 11). Therefore, the contribution of benzoic acid to this patented prescription is not only the pH The regulating effect may also be the synergistic effect of pH regulation and antisepsis. Then, the patentee conducted in-depth research on different amounts of benzoic acid. It was found that the benzoic acid content is between 0.25% and 0.75%, which meets the development goals of this patent (especially stability), see Table 14.
  • the prescription does not contain water, which improves the stability of diltiazem hydrochloride.
  • propylene glycol generally does not exceed 20%, but the usage amount of propylene glycol in this patent is much larger than the general usage, which improves the stability of the product.
  • the maximum daily dosage of this product is less than 3000 mg, and is far lower than the maximum FDA-approved topical dosage of 6113 mg.
  • Benzoic acid has unique properties in this prescription, which greatly improves the stability of this patented prescription.
  • the gel dosage form has a transparent appearance, which increases patient acceptability compared to creams and ointments, and has no oil phase and will not cause phase separation.
  • This patented gel has a validity period of at least 1 year at room temperature or refrigerated conditions.
  • long-term stability can be 5 ⁇ 2°C or 25/60%RH, and this condition is used as the basis for sample qualification.
  • Conditions higher than this 40/75% RH or high temperature 60°C can be used as accelerated conditions to quickly evaluate the optimal formulation.
  • Example 1 the preparation method described in Example 1 is used, and reagents of the same type are added sequentially.
  • Propylene glycol is widely used in gel preparations, and the general dosage does not exceed 20%.
  • this patent is an anhydrous gel and needs to be supplemented by other solvents
  • the inventor used propylene glycol as the basic solvent and investigated the stability of diltiazem based on the amount of propylene glycol.
  • Glycerin and polyethylene glycol are used as solvent supplements, ethyl paraben is used as preservative, and povidone is used as gel matrix.
  • the prescription composition is shown in the table below. Because anhydrous solvents are used, the usage amount of existing anhydrous solvents does not exceed 20%.
  • Example 1 We have screened propylene glycol for optimal stability compared to glycerin and polyethylene glycol.
  • This test uses prescription 5 to optimize the thickener, because different thickeners have different viscosities. To ensure that the viscosity is moderate, the amount of thickener in the prescription may be different, but it will not affect the conclusion of the study. Screening of thickeners such as carbopol, hypromellose (HPMC), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na), povidone PVP K90 and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), The composition of the prescription is shown in the table below.
  • HPMC hypromellose
  • CMC-Na sodium carboxymethylcellulose
  • HPCMC-Na povidone PVP K90
  • HPC hydroxypropyl cellulose
  • HPC hydroxypropylcellulose
  • PVP K90 povidone
  • Example 2 shows that propylene glycol is used as the solvent and hydroxypropyl cellulose is used as the thickener.
  • the formulation stability is optimal, but the single impurity content is still greater than the internal control standard of 0.2%.
  • This test examines the impact of different preservatives. We selected two additional preservatives, benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid, for comparative testing. The prescription composition is shown in the table below.
  • Example 3 has proven that benzoic acid has unique characteristics that greatly improve the stability of this patented prescription.
  • the amount of benzoic acid was investigated. In order to quickly screen out the optimal prescription, it was placed at a high temperature of 60°C for 1 week and 2 weeks. An investigation was also conducted, and the composition of the prescription is shown in the table below.
  • BHT is insoluble in propylene glycol and will no longer be investigated for stability.
  • the stability evaluation of BHA and DL- ⁇ -tocopherol as antioxidants is shown in the table below.
  • the composition of the prescription is shown in the table below.
  • Table 19 shows the composition of a large batch of prescriptions (batch size 30kg)
  • the vacuum of the emulsification pot is 0.05 ⁇ -0.10MPa
  • the material is in the emulsification pot.
  • Patent CN112020349A prescription composition (without lidocaine and dexpanthenol)
  • Example 1 The prescription of Example 1 was subjected to a 1-week skin irritation test on 10 rabbits, divided into two groups, normal skin + damaged skin group, administered 3 times a day, about 1g (2.5cm) each time, for 1 week.
  • the skin observation scores are shown in Table 23, and the irritation evaluation results are shown in Table 24.
  • This test uses guinea pigs as the test system and uses Buehler's method to detect skin allergic reactions of 2.0% diltiazem hydrochloride gel, and uses dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) as a positive control.
  • 20 guinea pigs were randomly divided into 4 groups, a positive control group, a negative control group, a test product administration group and a blank solvent group with 5 animals each.
  • sensitization was performed three times and provocation was performed twice, and the rash and edema at the administration site were observed.
  • the stability data meets the internal control requirements of this application technology.
  • the amount of propylene glycol in the preparation method in Example 1 was changed to 35%, and the stability data met the internal control requirements of the technology of the present application.
  • the amount of propylene glycol in the preparation method in Example 1 was changed to 70%, and the stability data met the internal control requirements of the technology of the present application.

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Abstract

一种盐酸地尔硫卓的药物组合物，所述药物组合物优选为凝胶，由盐酸地尔硫卓和辅料组成，所述辅料包括丙二醇、苯甲酸和凝胶基质，所述凝胶基质为聚维酮、羟丙基纤维素的一种或混合物；按照重量百分比为，盐酸地尔硫卓为1％-5％、苯甲酸0.1-5.0％、所述凝胶基质5-10％，余量为丙二醇，pH维持在3.0-4.5，并提供相应的制备方法，原料简单易得，质量稳定，具有极好的药品开发前景。

Description

一种盐酸地尔硫卓的药物组合物、制备方法及其应用 技术领域
本发明具体涉及一种盐酸地尔硫卓的药物组合物、制备方法及其应用，属于药物制剂领域。
背景技术
肛裂：是齿状线下肛管皮肤层裂伤后形成的小溃疡，常引起肛周剧烈疼痛，多见于青中年人，肛裂的典型临床表现为疼痛、便血和便秘。肛裂病因尚不清楚，可能与多种因素有关，长期便秘、粪便干结引起的排便时机械性创伤是大多数肛裂形成的直接原因，另外，腹泻也是肛裂形成的重要原因之一。在中国，肛裂的发病率约占肛肠病的20％。
目前治疗肛裂的方法主要有两种，一种是药物治疗，一种是手术(括约肌侧切术)，然而，手术易造成肛瘘的风险，为了减轻排便带来的疼痛，药物治疗是首选。
药物治疗分为止痛类如利多卡因凝胶、肉毒杆菌毒素局部注射和硝酸甘油乳膏。其中盐酸地尔硫卓(Diltiazem Hydrochloride)在治疗痔疮术后疼痛也有明显的效果。
盐酸地尔硫卓口服片剂最早于1974年2月于日本上市，商品名(合贝爽)，上市规格为30mg和60mg，随后相继在FDA和EMA上市，最大规格120mg，改良型新药，如缓释胶囊(最大规格420mg)，注射剂(最大规格50mg)也陆续上市，主要用于治疗高血压、心绞痛和心律失常。而口服给药的缺点是治愈率低，且药物分布在全身，副作用大，因此市场是亟需一种盐酸地尔硫卓局部给药制剂，使得局部浓度高，全身分布少，既可以减少系统的副作用，又可以提高治愈率。Marion Jonas等人开展了口服和局部给药盐酸地尔硫卓凝胶的随机对照试验，结果显示，治愈率分别是38％和65％，且口服组有33％出现头痛等副作用，这可能和口服给药的全身血药浓度相关，而局部给药未发现副 作用，因此盐酸地尔硫卓局部给药比硝酸甘油乳膏有更少的副作用。
目前中美欧市场均无盐酸地尔硫卓局部给药剂型上市，究其原因是盐酸地尔硫卓极易水解成去乙酰地尔硫卓，水解物的疗效会降低20％～40％，且盐酸地尔硫卓易被氧化，这对制剂研发企业来说，开发一种稳定且质量合格的盐酸地尔硫卓局部给药是一项巨大的挑战。
局部用盐酸地尔硫卓虽然未在中、美、欧等地上市，但是因为其副作用少，疗效好，未被FDA批准的民间处方在美国零售药店普遍存在。2013年FDA对美国的各零售药店进行突击检查，发现36个处方中有14个处方低于USP标准，12家药店有5家平均效力都低于标签上声称的90％，另一方面说明盐酸地尔硫卓局部给药疗效确切，但制成药品困难，这和盐酸地尔硫卓的不稳定直接相关。
中国专利CN112020349A公开了一种盐酸地尔硫卓和利多卡因无水凝胶组合物，组合物中使用了5种溶剂，该处方有以下缺点：1)右旋泛醇在中国没有备案，因此无法做成药品；2)该处方中加入了辛酸癸酸聚乙二醇甘油酯(Labrasol)作为皮肤促渗剂，促渗剂会增加药物的毒性；3)二甘醇单乙醚作为增溶剂使得各种物料相互融合，尤其是溶解原料药，易产生分层和析出的风险；4)该处方在发明人前期实验探索时发现该制剂的稳定性差，详见表22。因此，使用本专利制得制剂产品毒性大，稳定性差且右旋泛醇较难得到，难以做成药品，该专利无论是在中国的辅料可得性还是制剂本身的作用上，都具有难以解决的缺点。
鉴于此，该领域缺少一种处方简单、辅料易得、质量稳定、工艺设计合理、不使用皮肤促渗剂、适合工业化生产的局部用盐酸地尔硫卓药物组合物，其研发具有了工业和临床的迫切性。
发明内容
针对上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种盐酸地尔硫卓的药物组合物，所述药物组合物优选为凝胶，由盐酸地尔硫卓和辅料组成，所述辅料包括丙二醇、苯甲酸和凝胶基质，所述凝胶基质为聚维酮、羟丙基纤维素的一种或混合物；
按照重量百分比为，盐酸地尔硫卓为1％-5％、苯甲酸0.1-5.0％、所述凝胶基质5-10％，余量为丙二醇。
在本发明中的制剂，制备得到的凝胶pH维持在3.0-4.5。
上述发明所述的药物组合物，所得产品不含有水。这与常规的的水溶性凝胶完全不同，所解决的技术问题为，如何获得一种稳定的药物组合物，且经历住各种极端环境的考验。
进一步优选，在上述药物组合物中，按照重量百分比为，盐酸地尔硫卓为1％-5％、苯甲酸0.1-3.0％、所述凝胶基质5.0-9.0％，余量为丙二醇。
进一步优选，在上述药物组合物中，按照重量百分比为，盐酸地尔硫卓为1％-4％、苯甲酸0.1-2.0％、所述凝胶基质7.0-9.0％，余量为丙二醇。
进一步优选，在上述药物组合物中，按照重量百分比为，盐酸地尔硫卓为1％-4％、苯甲酸0.1-1.0％、所述凝胶基质7.0-9.0％，余量为丙二醇。
进一步优选，在上述药物组合物中，按照重量百分比为，盐酸地尔硫卓为1％-4％、苯甲酸0.25-0.75％、所述凝胶基质7.0-9.0％，余量为丙二醇。
进一步优选，在上述药物组合物中，所述凝胶基质为羟丙基纤维素。
进一步优选，在上述药物组合物中，所述盐酸地尔硫卓的重量百分比为2％。
进一步优选，在上述药物组合物中，所述药物组合物包括盐酸地尔硫卓为2％，丙二醇89.5％、苯甲酸0.5％和羟丙基纤维素8.0％组成。
本发明进一步提供一种上述药物组合物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)将35％～70％处方量的丙二醇和凝胶基质混合搅拌进行乳化得到基质A；
2)将处方量苯甲酸与剩余丙二醇混合，搅拌得到溶液B；
3)将处方量的盐酸地尔硫卓加入溶液B，搅拌加热溶解，得到溶液C；
5)将溶液C加入到溶液A中，进行总混，均质混合均匀，冷却至室温即得。
本发明进一步提供一种上述药物组合物在制备治疗肛裂或痔疮术后疼痛的药物中的应用。
具体制备方法可以更具体为：
制备羟丙基纤维素LXF凝胶基质
将称量好备用的部分丙二醇(35-70％处方量)，倒入到乳化锅中，启动搅拌，在搅拌状态于30～50rpm速度下，在不小于5分钟内将处方量的羟丙基纤维素LXF用真空抽入的方式缓慢加入乳化锅内，搅拌至其完全分散均匀后加热到70-80℃使凝胶基质溶胀变成透明，搅拌速度30～50rpm，充分溶胀后将基质温度冷却到40～55℃，备用。
苯甲酸溶解
将剩余部分丙二醇倒入油相锅中，将称量好备用的苯甲酸加入到油相锅中，并搅拌加热使其溶解，搅拌速度40～55rpm，加热温度40～50℃，搅拌时间10-60min。
盐酸地尔硫卓溶解
将称量好备用的盐酸地尔硫卓加入到油相锅中，并搅拌加热使其完全溶解，搅拌速度40～55rpm，加热温度40～50℃，搅拌时间20～30min。
总混
保持乳化锅40～55rpm搅拌速度和温度不变的情况下，将油相锅中的溶液通过真空抽入的方式加入到乳化锅，在乳化锅真空0.05～-0.10MPa的状态下，物料在乳化锅中内于转速40～55rpm，均质速度40～55rpm搅拌均质30～60min使物料混合均匀；最后将物料冷却至室温，得到所述化合物。
本发明所要得到的技术效果是：
1、所述药物组合物优选凝胶，凝胶因其透明，比乳膏和软膏有更好的可接受度，不含有油相，不会产生相分离。
2、本发明采用更加严格的品控标准。
中国药典规定，盐酸地尔硫卓片的含量应为标示量的93.0％～107.0％，单杂≤0.5％，如果超过该范围就有可能导致疗效下降，单杂过高，长期服用，可能引起毒性甚至癌变，因此，国际人用药品注册技术协调会Q3B文件对制剂药品的单杂进行了严格的控制(单杂≤0.2％)，为了开发一个质量优越且安全的凝胶，本专利开发目标是：盐酸地尔硫卓的含量控制在95.0％～105.0％，单杂≤0.2％，内控标准比中国药典严格，进一步防止出现后期的有效成分药效降低的风险。
另一方面，盐酸地尔硫卓含有酯键，易水解成去乙酰地尔硫卓(Imp-F)，去乙酰地尔硫卓(Imp-F)是体内代谢产物，安全性得到认可，但是水解的去乙酰地尔硫卓(Imp-F) 的活性是盐酸地尔硫卓活性的20％～40％，考虑到盐酸地尔硫卓的含量内控最低量为95.0％，因此，本专利将Imp-F控制≤3.0％。
因此，本专利处方开发的目标是：单杂≤0.2％；Imp-F≤3.0％，总杂≤3.0％。对总杂含量进行控制。
本专利的开发难点有以下4个方面：
1、盐酸地尔硫卓极不稳定，易发生水解和氧化，水会加速其水解和氧化，因此处方中不能含有水。
2、需要选择合适的溶剂，增稠剂和盐酸地尔硫卓能溶解在溶剂中，且盐酸地尔硫卓在该溶剂中稳定。
3、需要选择合适的防腐剂和/或pH调节剂，增加制剂的稳定性。
4、因为盐酸地尔硫卓易氧化，因此处方中可能要加入抗氧剂，该抗氧剂也能溶解在溶剂中。盐酸地尔硫卓、增稠基质、pH调节剂、抗氧剂必须溶解在该溶剂中，又要使得制得制剂产品稳定性好，这给制剂开发带来严峻的挑战。本专利人通过逐步优化，最终获得本专利目标处方。
针对上述第一个开发难点，处方中不含有水，保持地尔硫卓浓度不变的情况下，意味着需要其它溶剂代替，此时就需要加入多种溶剂，多种溶剂就可能有稳定性和相容性问题。本专利人通过对丙二醇、甘油和聚乙二醇的单元、多元混合，最终筛选出丙二醇浓度大于80％，处方稳定性相对较好，见实例1(表4中处方处方5)。
针对上述第二个开发难点，需要有合适的增稠剂，本专利人通过大量的试验，最终确定聚维酮K90和羟丙甲纤维素LXF作为增稠剂满足要求，羟丙甲纤维素LXF相对较优，见实例2(表7中处方5和处方10)。
针对上述第三个开发难点，本专利人通过对与丙二醇互溶的防腐剂研究(羟苯乙酯、苯甲醇和苯甲酸)，筛选出含有苯甲酸的处方稳定性极大的提高(处方12)，猜测是苯甲酸的pH调节作用，然后，设计了盐酸作为pH调节的对比试验，发现含有苯甲酸的处方优于盐酸(表11)，因此，苯甲酸对本专利处方的贡献，不仅仅是pH调节作用，也可能是pH调节和防腐的协同作用，而后，本专利人对苯甲酸不同量的考察进行了深入的研究， 发现苯甲酸含量在0.25％～0.75％，满足本专利开发目标(特别是稳定性)，见表14。
针对上述第四个开发难点，由于本专利不含有水，因此，氧化反应很弱，本专利人为了开发出最优的处方，对不同抗氧剂也进行了研究，发现室温下，丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)和dl-α-生育酚具有相似的抗氧作用，高温60℃下，dl-α-生育酚略优，并考察了不同dl-α-生育酚量对制剂稳定性的影响，0.02％～0.5％的DL-α-生育酚在冷藏和室温条件下，对制剂稳定性无明显影响，但是，在高温60℃条件下，DL-α-生育酚明显改善制剂稳定性(表18)。
本专利处方开发有以下5个特点。
1、处方中不含有水，提高了盐酸地尔硫卓的稳定性。
2、丙二醇作为凝胶的基质一般不大于20％，而本专利丙二醇使用量远远大于一般使用量，提高了产品的稳定性。此外，本产品最大日用量低于3000mg，且远远低于FDA批准局部给药最大用量6113mg。
3、苯甲酸在本处方中有独特的性质，大大提高了本专利处方的稳定性。
4、凝胶剂型外观透明，相对于乳膏剂和软膏剂，增加了患者的可接受度，且无油相，不会产生相分离。
5、本专利凝胶在室温或者冷藏条件下，至少有1年的有效期。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例仅用于进一步说明本发明但不限于本发明。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明范围。
下表对本专利开发所用主要的原辅料的批号及生产厂家进行汇总。
表1.主要原辅料信息

实验研发部分：
中国和美国的大量文献均是采用2％的盐酸地尔硫卓做有效性研究，3次/天，2.5cm/次，且试验结果均证实有效，因此，本专利处方采用2％的盐酸地尔硫卓的浓度进行研究和开发。
根据中国药典和化学药物(原料药和制剂)稳定性研究技术指导原则(修订)长期稳定性可以是5±2℃或25/60％RH,以这一条件作为样品合格的依据。高于该条件(40/75％RH或高温60℃)可作为加速条件，以快速评价最优处方。
本发明的筛选实验中，采用实施例1所述制备方法，依据相同类别的试剂进行顺序加入。
本专利采用盐酸地尔硫卓的稳定性评价HPLC条件如下：
表2.有关物质测定分析方法
实例1-不同溶剂的选择
为了使盐酸地尔硫卓在凝胶基质中处于溶解状态，本申请人首先考察了盐酸地尔硫卓在丙二醇、甘油和聚乙二醇的溶解度，其中丙二醇的溶解度最高，达到79mg/ml，因此，丙二醇为本专利处方的基础溶剂。
丙二醇在凝胶制剂中应用广泛，一般用量不超过20％，考虑到本专利是无水凝胶，需要其它溶剂补充，本发明人以丙二醇为基础溶剂，考察了丙二醇量对地尔硫卓的稳定性，使用甘油、聚乙二醇作为溶剂补充，羟苯乙酯为防腐剂，聚维酮为凝胶基质，处方组成见下表。因为要使用无水溶剂，因此现有的无水溶剂使用量都不超过20％。但此在本发明中，到底是超过20％的单一溶剂更佳还是需要进行不同溶剂混合，达到超高量溶剂，尚无明确使用指导，另外发现即使采取高浓度的丙二醇，后期的安全性和有效性并不受影响。
表3.不同溶剂的考察

外观、粘度和肤感评价见下表。
表4.不同溶剂处方评价
稳定性评价见下表。
表5.不同溶剂稳定性结果


ND：未检测到；LOQ：0.05％，下同。
结论：以上数据显示，丙二醇、甘油和聚乙二醇作为溶剂，含有聚乙二醇的处方稳定性最差，含有甘油的处方次之，含有丙二醇的处方最好，丙二醇含量大于80％时，稳定性相对较好，但是，该处方(处方5)放在室温放置1M，单杂为0.35％＞内控标准0.2％，不符合要求。因此，需要继续优化本处方。
实例2-不同增稠剂选择
实例1我们已经筛选丙二醇相对于甘油和聚乙二醇具有最优的稳定性，本次试验采用处方5的基础上，进行增稠剂的优化，因为不同的增稠剂有不同的粘度，在保证粘度适中的情况下，处方中增稠剂的量可能不同，但是不会影响研究的结论。对卡波姆(carbopol)、羟丙甲纤维素(HPMC)、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)、聚维酮PVP K90和羟丙基纤维素(HPC)等增稠剂进行筛选，处方组成见下表。
表6.不同增稠剂处方组成

外观、粘度和肤感评价见下表。
表7.不同增稠剂处方评价
结论：卡波姆溶于丙二醇，但是外观粗糙，不再进行粘度和肤感评价，羟丙甲纤维素和羧甲基纤维素钠不溶于丙二醇，不进行粘度和肤感评价，处方5和处方10外观透明、均匀，粘度适中，因此评价两种处方的稳定性，见下表。
表8.处方5和处方10稳定性结果

结论：羟丙基纤维素(HPC)作为凝胶的增稠基质稳定性优于聚维酮(PVP K90)作为增稠基质，但是，在室温(25℃/60％RH湿度)条件下放置1M，单杂为0.26％大于内控标准2.0％，因此，需要继续优化本处方。
由于溶剂和增稠剂都已经确定，接下来的考察不再进行凝胶外观和肤感评价，主要优化稳定性。
实例3-不同防腐剂筛选
实例2表明丙二醇作为溶剂，羟丙基纤维素作为增稠剂，处方稳定性最优，但是单杂仍大于内控标准0.2％，本次试验考察不同防腐剂的影响。我们选择了额外两种防腐剂，苯甲醇和苯甲酸，进行对比试验，处方组成见下表。
表9.不同防腐剂种类筛选
稳定性评价见下表。
表10.不同防腐剂稳定性结果

结论：通过不同类型的防腐剂考察，我们惊讶地发现，含有苯甲酸的处方稳定性远远优于羟苯乙酯和苯甲醇的处方。在室温(25℃/60％RH湿度)条件下放置1M，单杂为0.06％，小于内控标准0.2％，水解杂质Imp-F为0.34％，远远小于内控标准3.0％。猜测是苯甲酸降低了凝胶的pH值，从而提高了制剂的稳定性。下一步，考察其它pH调节剂对本专利制剂的稳定性，处方组成见下表。
表11.不同pH调节剂处方组成
结论：由于柠檬酸和磷酸二氢钠不溶于丙二醇，因此选择了盐酸进行对比研究，各处方pH值及稳定性研究见下表。
表12.不同pH调节剂稳定性结果

结论：我们发现，最常规的pH调节剂盐酸反而达不到相关的制剂要求。苯甲酸的稳定性比盐酸好，因此，处方12稳定性的提高不仅仅是苯甲酸的pH调节性能，也可能是防腐的协同作用。苯甲酸具有独特的特性使得本专利处方稳定性大大的提高。
实例4-不同苯甲酸量的筛选
实例3已经证明苯甲酸具有独特的特性使得本专利处方稳定性大大的提高，本次试验对苯甲酸的量进行考察，为了快速筛出最优处方，高温60℃条件下放置1周及2周也进行了考察，处方组成见下表。
表13不同苯甲酸量处方组成
稳定性评价见下表。
表14不同苯甲酸量处方稳定性汇总

结论：处方中0.25％～0.75％的苯甲酸，室温放置3个月，均满足内控标准(单杂≤0.2％，Imp-F≤3.0％)。根据杂质增长趋势，处方12、处方14和处方15在冷藏条件下至少可保存2年，室温条件下至少可保存1年，达到本专利开发目标，为了使得本专利开发的处方最优，考虑到高温条件下，单杂和Imp-F都明显增加，下一步，在处方14的基础上，考察抗氧剂的影响。
实例5-不同抗氧剂种类的筛选
处方中加入抗氧剂可改善地尔硫卓的氧化，为了进一步提高制剂稳定性，本专利考察了丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)、二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)和DL-α-生育酚对制剂稳定性的影响，处方组成见下表。
表15.不同抗氧剂种类处方组成

BHT不溶于丙二醇，不再进行稳定性考察，BHA和DL-α-生育酚作为抗氧剂的稳定性评价见下表。
表16.不同抗氧剂种类稳定性结果
结论：DL-α-生育酚作为抗氧剂略优于BHA，下一步，考察不同量对制剂稳定性的影响。
实例6-抗氧剂DL-α-生育酚量的筛选
已经证明DL-α-生育酚作为抗氧剂优于BHA，本次试验目的是筛选出合适的量，处方组成见下表。
表17不同维生素E处方组成

稳定性汇总见下表。
表18不同DL-α-生育酚处方稳定性汇总
结论：0.02％～0.5％的DL-α-生育酚在冷藏和室温条件下，对制剂稳定性无明显影响，但是，在高温60℃条件下，DL-α-生育酚可改善制剂稳定性。
实施例1
小试确认处方进行30kg放大，处方组成见下表。
表19放大批处方组成(批量30kg)

工艺如下：
制备羟丙基纤维素LXF凝胶基质
将称量好备用的丙二醇(60％处方量)，倒入到乳化锅中，启动搅拌，在搅拌状态于30～50rpm速度下，在不小于5分钟内将处方量的羟丙基纤维素LXF用真空抽入的方式缓慢加入乳化锅内，搅拌至其完全分散均匀后加热到70-80℃使凝胶基质溶胀变成透明，搅拌速度30～50rpm，充分溶胀后将基质温度冷却到55℃，备用。
苯甲酸溶解
将剩余部分丙二醇倒入油相锅中，将称量好备用的苯甲酸加入到油相锅中，并搅拌加热使其溶解，搅拌速度50rpm，加热温度50℃，搅拌时间30min。
盐酸地尔硫卓溶解
将称量好备用的盐酸地尔硫卓加入到油相锅中，并搅拌加热使其完全溶解，搅拌速度50rpm，加热温度50℃，搅拌时间30min。
总混
保持乳化锅50rpm搅拌速度和温度不变的情况下，将油相锅中的溶液通过真空抽入的方式加入到乳化锅，在乳化锅真空0.05～-0.10MPa的状态下，物料在乳化锅中内于转速50pm，均质速度45rpm搅拌均质60min使物料混合均匀；最后将物料冷却至室温。
最终产品放行结果如下：
表20实施例1处方放大结果
对中国专利CN112020349A处方(无利多卡因和右旋泛醇)和本专利实施例1处方进行稳定性对比研究，稳定性结果见下表。右旋泛醇作用是保护皮肤和黏膜，利多卡因是局麻药，不会影响本次研究结论。专利处方见下表。
表21.专利CN112020349A处方组成(无利多卡因和右旋泛醇)
表22.专利处方和实施例1处方稳定性结果汇总
结论：本专利处方远远优于CN112020349A专利处方。
下面对本专利处方的安全性进行评价。
(1)兔一周刺激性试验
将实施例1处方在10只兔身上进行兔1周皮肤刺激性试验，分为两组，正常皮肤+破损皮肤组，每天3次，每次约1g(2.5cm)，连续给药1周。皮肤观察评分见表23，刺激性评价结果见表24。
表23.皮肤观察评分
表24.兔皮肤刺激性发生率及严重程度
结果表明：在给药1周内所有组均未发现皮肤红斑水肿现象。可判定本品在1周内无刺激性。
(2)鼠皮肤2周过敏性试验
本试验以豚鼠为试验系统采用Buehler方法检测2.0％盐酸地尔硫卓凝胶的皮肤过敏反应，并以二硝基氣苯(DNCB)为阳性对照。20只豚鼠被随机分为4组，阳性对照组，阴性对照组，供试品给药组和空白溶剂组各5只动物。在致敏接触阶段进行3次致敏，2次激发，观察给药部位的皮疹及水肿现象。
表25.豚鼠首次激发皮肤观察
备注：动物在激发后(24h或48h)产生过敏反应的百分率即为发生率。
表26.重激发皮肤观察

结果表明：给予豚鼠2.0％盐酸地尔硫卓凝胶及空白溶剂无潜在致敏性。另外，阴险对照结果为阴性，阳性对照组产生致敏症状，表明测试系统有效。
实施例2
表27. 1％和4％浓度处方组成
制备方法参见实施例1的方法。
表28. 1％和4％浓度3个月稳定性评价结果

稳定性数据符合本申请技术的内控要求。
实施例3
将实施例1中的制备方法中丙二醇的量改为35％，稳定性数据符合本申请技术的内控要求。
实施例4
将实施例1中的制备方法中丙二醇的量改为70％，稳定性数据符合本申请技术的内控要求。
实施例5
表29其他实施例处方
制备方法参见实施例1的方法，稳定性数据符合本申请技术的内控要求。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种盐酸地尔硫卓的药物组合物，其特征在于，所述药物组合物优选为凝胶，由盐酸地尔硫卓和辅料组成，所述辅料包括丙二醇、苯甲酸和凝胶基质，所述凝胶基质为聚维酮、羟丙基纤维素的一种或混合物；
    按照重量百分比为，盐酸地尔硫卓为1％-5％、苯甲酸0.1-5.0％、所述凝胶基质5-10％，余量为丙二醇。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述盐酸地尔硫卓的药物组合物，其特征在于，按照重量百分比为，盐酸地尔硫卓为1％-5％、苯甲酸0.1-3.0％、所述凝胶基质5.0-9.0％，余量为丙二醇。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述盐酸地尔硫卓的药物组合物，其特征在于，按照重量百分比为，盐酸地尔硫卓为1％-4％、苯甲酸0.1-2.0％、所述凝胶基质7.0-9.0％，余量为丙二醇。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述盐酸地尔硫卓的药物组合物，其特征在于，按照重量百分比为，盐酸地尔硫卓为1％-4％、苯甲酸0.1-1.0％、所述凝胶基质7.0-9.0％，余量为丙二醇。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述盐酸地尔硫卓的药物组合物，其特征在于，按照重量百分比为，盐酸地尔硫卓为1％-4％、苯甲酸0.25-0.75％、所述凝胶基质7.0-9.0％，余量为丙二醇。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述盐酸地尔硫卓的药物组合物，其特征在于，所述凝胶基质为羟丙基纤维素。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述盐酸地尔硫卓的药物组合物，其特征在于，所述盐酸地尔硫卓的重量百分比为2％。
  8. 权利要求1所述药物组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    1)将35％～70％处方量的丙二醇和凝胶基质混合加热搅拌进行乳化得到基质A；
    2)将处方量苯甲酸与剩余量丙二醇混合，搅拌得到溶液B；
    3)将处方量的盐酸地尔硫卓加入溶液B，搅拌加热溶解，得到溶液C；
    4)将溶液C加入到溶液A中，进行总混，均质混合均匀，冷却至室温即得。
  9. 一种权利要求1所述的药物组合物在制备治疗肛裂或痔疮术后疼痛的药物中的应 用。
PCT/CN2023/074701 2022-07-22 2023-02-07 一种盐酸地尔硫卓的药物组合物、制备方法及其应用 WO2024016630A1 (zh)

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