WO2024011758A1 - 压电发电装置及智能家居设备 - Google Patents

压电发电装置及智能家居设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024011758A1
WO2024011758A1 PCT/CN2022/121893 CN2022121893W WO2024011758A1 WO 2024011758 A1 WO2024011758 A1 WO 2024011758A1 CN 2022121893 W CN2022121893 W CN 2022121893W WO 2024011758 A1 WO2024011758 A1 WO 2024011758A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure plate
elastic member
power generation
button
generation device
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PCT/CN2022/121893
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢炜
陈斌
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箭牌家居集团股份有限公司
深圳箭牌智能家居有限公司
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Publication of WO2024011758A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024011758A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of piezoelectric power generation, and in particular to a piezoelectric power generation device and smart home equipment.
  • piezoelectric materials When piezoelectric materials are strained by external stress, they also produce charge accumulation characteristics. Therefore, they can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. Taking piezoelectric ceramics as an example, under the action of external vibration or impact, piezoelectric ceramics deform, output charge, and are used in electrical devices through energy conversion, rectification, energy storage, power supply and many other links.
  • the energy conversion efficiency of piezoelectric materials is related to factors such as the size of the external mechanical energy, the degree of deformation, and the deformation speed.
  • the amount of charge generated by a single deformation of the piezoelectric material is unstable, and there are cases where the power generation does not meet the usage requirements. Increased the difficulty of collecting and using electricity.
  • a piezoelectric power generation device including a housing, a button movably disposed on the top of the housing along a first direction, and a piezoelectric element disposed on the bottom of the housing, so The piezoelectric power generation device also includes:
  • a trigger member is rotatably disposed in the housing around an axis, the trigger member has a first end and a second end, the first end is located on the moving path of the button moving downward along the first direction, So that the triggering member can rotate in a preset direction in response to the button pressing the first end;
  • An energy storage trigger assembly is provided in the housing and is located between the button and the piezoelectric element; the energy storage trigger assembly includes a first pressure plate and is located between the button and the first pressure plate. the first elastic member;
  • the trigger member has a stop position when rotating in a preset direction to a preset position, the trigger member is located at the stop position, and the second end abuts against the side wall of the housing to limit The trigger member rotates in the preset direction, and before the trigger member rotates in the preset direction to the preset position, the second end is connected to the first pressure plate to limit the first pressure plate in the first direction. Move downward, thereby converting the kinetic energy of the downward movement of the key in the first direction into elastic potential energy compressed by the first elastic member;
  • the trigger member rotates to a preset position in a preset direction, the first elastic member is compressed to a maximum compression amount, and the second end can be completely separated from the first pressure plate, so that the first elastic member
  • the elastic potential energy can be converted into kinetic energy during the downward movement of the first pressure plate in the first direction.
  • the first elastic member before the triggering member rotates to the preset position, the first elastic member is in the energy storage stage.
  • the first elastic member enters the elastic potential energy release stage and acts on the pressure through the first pressure plate. electrical components. Therefore, the amount of charge generated by a single deformation of the piezoelectric element is only related to the elastic potential energy accumulated by the first elastic member.
  • the force and speed of the user's pressing of the button have a significant impact on the amount of charge generated by a single deformation of the piezoelectric element. The impact is minimal.
  • the elastic potential energy accumulated by the first elastic member is the same, and the pressure on the piezoelectric element is the same, thereby ensuring that the pressure generated by a single deformation of the piezoelectric element is The power can be kept consistent.
  • the piezoelectric element deforms by using the elastic potential energy accumulated by the compression of the first elastic member.
  • the first pressure plate is released, the first elastic member quickly recovers, and the first pressure plate completes the action in an instant. The time is short and stable, ensuring the piezoelectricity.
  • the electricity generated by the components can meet the demand for electricity.
  • the energy storage trigger assembly further includes a second pressure plate disposed on the side of the button facing the first pressure plate;
  • the first elastic member is disposed between the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate.
  • the outer edge of the second pressure plate is provided with a guide surface
  • the first end of the trigger member is provided with a mating surface that matches the guide surface
  • the guide surface is used to cooperate with the matching surface to guide the triggering member to rotate in a direction opposite to the preset direction during the upward return of the second pressure plate in the first direction.
  • a first pressing portion for pressing the first end is provided on a side of the button facing the first pressure plate, and a first pressing portion for pressing the button downward in the first direction. During the process, the second pressing portion of the second pressing plate is pressed.
  • the energy storage trigger component further includes a second elastic member
  • the second elastic member is disposed between the first pressure plate and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the housing, and the second elastic member is configured to move downward when the first pressure plate moves downward in the first direction. Can be compressed.
  • the triggering member rotates in the preset direction to the preset position, along the first direction, there is a predetermined position between the first pressure plate and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the housing. Set intervals.
  • the energy storage trigger component further includes a key press portion
  • the key pressing portion is disposed on a side of the first pressure plate away from the key, and the key pressing portion is used to act on the piezoelectric element during the downward movement of the key in the first direction.
  • the piezoelectric power generation device further includes a bottom cover
  • the bottom of the housing is provided with a through hole that communicates with the inner cavity of the housing, the key pressing portion extends through the through hole, the bottom cover is installed on the bottom of the housing, and the pressing portion Electrical components are disposed between the housing and the bottom cover.
  • both the first elastic member and the second elastic member are compression springs
  • the first pressure plate forms a recessed portion on one side facing the piezoelectric element, and forms a protruding portion corresponding to the recessed portion on the other side of the first pressure plate;
  • the first elastic member is sleeved on the protruding portion, one end of the first elastic member is connected to the second pressure plate, and the other end of the first elastic member is connected to the first pressure plate;
  • the bottom wall of the recessed portion is provided with a mounting portion for mounting the keying portion, the second elastic member is sleeved on the mounting portion, and one end of the second elastic member is connected to the recessed portion.
  • the other end of the bottom wall is connected to the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the housing.
  • the outer edge of the first pressure plate is provided with a first hooking portion corresponding to the trigger member
  • the second end of the triggering piece is provided with a second hooking portion. Before the triggering piece rotates in a preset direction to a preset position, the first hooking portion and the second hooking portion remain in cooperation. To limit the downward movement of the first pressure plate in the first direction;
  • the triggering member rotates to a preset position in a preset direction, the first hooking part and the second hooking part are completely separated, and the first pressure plate can move toward the desired position under the action of the first elastic member.
  • the piezoelectric element moves and acts on the piezoelectric element.
  • the piezoelectric power generation device includes at least two trigger members
  • the at least two triggering parts include at least one set of two triggering parts facing each other.
  • a smart home device including the piezoelectric power generation device in any of the above embodiments.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the piezoelectric power generation device when the button is not pressed in an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the piezoelectric power generation device when the trigger shown in Figure 1 rotates in a preset direction to a preset position;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the piezoelectric power generation device when the trigger shown in Figure 1 rotates in the preset direction to the stop position;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the piezoelectric power generation device when the trigger member shown in Figure 1 is rotating in a direction opposite to the preset direction;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the housing of the piezoelectric power generation device shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pressure plate of the piezoelectric power generation device shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the trigger member in the piezoelectric power generation device shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the button of the piezoelectric power generation device shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the second pressure plate of the piezoelectric power generation device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, they do not imply any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the application. Words such as “include” or “comprising” mean that the elements or things appearing before the word include the elements or things listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or things.
  • piezoelectric ceramics As an example, generally speaking, the amount of electricity generated by a single deformation is limited. In related technologies, piezoelectric ceramics are widely used in vibration energy collection, using continuous vibration to continuously generate electricity. However, this type of technology cannot be used in some specific application scenarios. For example, in smart home devices, users want to press a button. At the moment when the button is pressed, piezoelectric ceramics can generate stable and uniform power. So as to meet the electricity demand.
  • this application provides a piezoelectric power generation device that can ensure that the amount of charge generated by a single deformation of the piezoelectric material is consistent and stably obtains the required amount of electricity.
  • Piezoelectric ceramics generate electricity:
  • the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is subjected to external force, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet undergoes mechanical deformation, and its polarization intensity becomes smaller, causing part of the charge attached to the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet to be released, resulting in a discharge phenomenon.
  • the piezoelectric ceramic piece recovers its deformation, the polarization intensity increases, and a part of the charge is absorbed on the electrode, causing a charging phenomenon. This phenomenon of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy is called the "positive piezoelectric effect".
  • the piezoelectric power generation device in at least one embodiment disclosed in this application includes a housing 10 , a button 20 , a piezoelectric element 30 , an energy storage trigger assembly 40 and a trigger 50 .
  • the button 20 is movably disposed on the top of the housing 10 along the first direction
  • the piezoelectric element 30 is an energy source for deformation.
  • the top of the housing 10 can be provided with a key hole 16 for the key 20 to extend into.
  • the key 20 can reciprocate along the first direction X under the constraints and guidance of the key hole 16.
  • the first direction X may be a direction in which the top of the housing 10 points to the bottom.
  • the trigger 50 is rotatably disposed in the housing 10 around an axis.
  • the trigger 50 has a first end 52 and a second end 54.
  • the first end 52 is located on the moving path of the button 20 moving downward along the first direction X. , so that the trigger member 50 can rotate in the preset direction in response to the button 20 pressing the first end 52 .
  • the trigger member 50 is rotatably connected to the housing 10 through a rotating shaft.
  • the first end 52 and the second end 54 are separated from both sides of the rotating shaft (not shown), which means that the rotating shaft is approximately located in the middle of the trigger member 50 .
  • the first end 52 and the second end 54 are respectively two ends extending in different directions.
  • downward along the first direction X can be defined as the direction in which the key 20 moves toward the piezoelectric element 30 along the first direction X.
  • upward along the first direction X in the embodiment of the present application can be defined as the direction in which the button 20 moves away from the piezoelectric element 30 along the first direction X.
  • the energy storage trigger component 40 is disposed in the housing 10 and is located between the button 20 and the piezoelectric element 30 .
  • the energy storage trigger assembly 40 may include a first pressure plate 42 and a first elastic member 46 disposed between the button 20 and the first pressure plate 42 .
  • the second end 54 of the trigger member 50 is connected to the first pressure plate 42 to restrict the first pressure plate 42 from moving downward along the first direction X, so that the button 20 can be moved along the first direction X.
  • the kinetic energy of downward movement in one direction X is converted into elastic potential energy compressed by the first elastic member 46 .
  • the trigger member 50 rotates to the preset position along the preset direction, and the second end 54 of the trigger member 50 can be completely separated from the first pressure plate 42, so that the elastic potential energy of the first elastic member 46 can be converted into the first pressure plate 42 along the first Kinetic energy during downward motion.
  • the aforementioned preset position is an intermediate critical position during the rotation of the trigger member 50 .
  • the intermediate critical position can be determined according to the magnitude of the elastic potential energy stored by the first elastic member 46 to meet the requirements for eventual conversion into the piezoelectric element 30 The demand for electrical energy generated by deformation.
  • the trigger member 50 rotates to a preset position in a preset direction, and the first elastic member 46 can be compressed to the maximum compression amount. In this way, the compression amount of the first elastic member 46 and the stored elastic potential energy can further ensure the pressure and power generation of the piezoelectric element 30 .
  • the trigger member 50 before the trigger member 50 rotates in the preset direction to the preset position in response to the pressure of the button 20 , it belongs to the energy storage stage of the first elastic member 46 .
  • the trigger member 50 rotates in a preset direction to a preset position, which is a critical position where the elastic potential energy of the first elastic member 46 is released.
  • the first pressure plate 42 can be released. Under the action of the first elastic member 46, the first The pressure plate 42 acts on the piezoelectric element 30 to deform it and generate an electric charge.
  • the amount of charge generated by a single deformation of the piezoelectric element 30 is basically only related to the elastic potential energy accumulated by the first elastic member 46.
  • the force and speed of the user pressing the button 20 have a significant impact on the single deformation of the piezoelectric element 30.
  • the amount of charge generated has little effect.
  • the amount of electricity generated remains consistent.
  • the piezoelectric element 30 uses the elastic potential energy accumulated by the compression of the first elastic member 46 to deform.
  • the first elastic member 46 quickly recovers, and the first pressure plate 42 completes the action in an instant, and the time is short. And it is stable, ensuring that the electricity generated by the piezoelectric element 30 can meet the demand for electricity consumption.
  • the piezoelectric power generating device may include at least two triggering members 50 , and the at least two triggering members 50 include at least one set of two triggering members 50 facing each other. In this way, at least one set of two triggering members 50 facing each other prevents the first pressure plate 42 from tilting and reaches a stable limit during the energy storage stage, so that the first elastic member 46 can stably accumulate elastic potential energy.
  • the trigger member 50 may have a stop position during rotation in a preset direction, the trigger member 50 is located at the stop position, and the second end 54 of the trigger member 50 abuts against the side wall of the housing 10 To limit the rotation of the trigger member 50 in the preset direction, at this time, the trigger member 50 cannot continue to rotate in the preset direction, thus blocking the button 20 so that the button 20 cannot continue to move downward along the first direction X to reach the end position. In this way, on the one hand, device damage caused by overvoltage of the button 20 can be prevented; on the other hand, the user can have a complete operating stroke when touching the button 20 , thus improving the user's operating experience.
  • the rotation of the trigger member 50 is activated in response to the button 20 pressing against the first end 52 of the trigger member 50. Therefore, the rotation position of the trigger member 50 has a corresponding relationship with the movement position of the button 20 along the first direction X.
  • the button 20 has an intermediate position during the downward movement. The intermediate position corresponds to the preset position of the trigger member 50 when it rotates in the preset direction, that is, the second end 54 of the trigger member 50 and the first pressure plate 42 Critical position of complete separation.
  • the second end 54 of the trigger 50 always remains connected to the first pressure plate 42 to limit the first pressure plate 42 from moving along the first
  • the first elastic member 46 is compressed, so that the kinetic energy of the button 20 moving downward in the first direction
  • the button 20 continues to move downward along the first direction
  • the potential energy can be converted into kinetic energy acting on the piezoelectric element 30 during the downward movement of the first pressure plate 42 along the first direction X.
  • the initial position of the button 20 may correspond to the position of the user when the button 20 is not touched.
  • the first elastic member 46 when the button is in the initial position, the first elastic member 46 may be in the initial position. Natural state, of course, in other embodiments, the first elastic member 46 can also be pre-compressed.
  • the button 20 can directly act on the first elastic member 46, so that the first elastic member 46 is compressed during its downward movement along the first direction X.
  • the button 20 can also use other intermediate components.
  • the energy storage trigger assembly also includes a second pressure plate 44 provided on the side of the button 20 facing the first pressure plate 42.
  • the first elastic member 46 is provided on the first pressure plate 42 and the second pressure plate 42. between the pressure plates 44. In this way, the button 20 can act on the second pressure plate 44, so that the second pressure plate 44 can further move downward along the first direction X, so that the first elastic member 46 can be compressed.
  • the energy storage trigger assembly 40 may also include a second elastic member 48 , which is disposed on the first pressure plate 42 and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the housing 10
  • the second elastic member 48 is configured to be compressed during the downward movement of the first pressure plate 42 along the first direction X. That is to say, during the elastic potential energy release stage of the first elastic member 46 , the elastic force of the second elastic member 48 is smaller than the elastic force of the first elastic member 46 , thereby ensuring the stable downward pressure of the first pressure plate 42 .
  • the arrangement of the second elastic member 48 can, on the one hand, provide the first pressure plate 42 with a restoring force to move upward along the first direction X and on the other hand, prevent the elastic potential energy of the first elastic member 46 from instantaneously The release causes overvoltage and damages the piezoelectric element 30 .
  • the first pressure plate 42 is in a critical state of release, and at this time, the second elastic member 48 may not be compressed.
  • the elastic potential energy of the first elastic member 46 is gradually released, the second elastic member 48 is gradually compressed, and the distance between the first pressure plate 42 and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the housing 10 is gradually reduced.
  • the first pressure plate 42 can move upward along the first direction X to return to its position under the action of the second elastic member 48 .
  • a preset distance is provided between the first pressure plate 42 and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the housing 10, which not only reserves space for the arrangement of the second elastic member 48, but also reserves space for the downward pressing stroke of the first pressure plate 42. space.
  • the energy storage trigger assembly 40 may further include a key pressing portion 49 , which is disposed on a side of the first pressing plate 42 away from the second pressing plate 44 , and is used to press the key pressing portion 49 along the first pressing plate 42 .
  • the first direction X acts on the piezoelectric element 30 during downward movement.
  • the piezoelectric element 30 can be disposed inside the inner cavity of the housing 10 or outside the inner cavity of the housing 10 .
  • the piezoelectric element 30 is disposed in the inner cavity of the housing 10 , so the second elastic member 48 needs to be positioned at a distance from the piezoelectric element 30 to avoid interference with each other.
  • the piezoelectric element 30 can be disposed outside the inner cavity of the housing 10.
  • the piezoelectric power generation device further includes a bottom cover 80, and the bottom of the housing 10 is provided with The key portion 49 extends through the through hole 18 communicating with the inner cavity.
  • the bottom cover 80 is installed at the bottom of the housing 10 .
  • the piezoelectric element 30 is disposed between the housing 10 and the bottom cover 80 .
  • a mounting slot (not labeled) can be provided on one side of the bottom cover 80 , and a step is formed at the edge of the slot of the mounting slot, and the piezoelectric element 30 is supported on the step, so that the piezoelectric element 30 can be mounted on the
  • a gap 82 is formed on the bottom wall of the groove to provide a space for the piezoelectric ceramic piece 32 of the piezoelectric element 30 to deform.
  • the housing 10 may include an upper shell 12 and a lower shell 14 .
  • the upper shell 12 and the lower shell 14 are detachably assembled into one body to form a structure for accommodating, for example, energy storage.
  • the inner cavity of the trigger assembly 40 In this way, it is easy to disassemble, assemble and maintain the piezoelectric power generation device.
  • the first elastic member 46 and the second elastic member 48 may both be compression springs, and the first pressure plate 42 forms a recess 422 on one side facing the piezoelectric element 30 , and A protruding portion 424 corresponding to the recessed portion 422 is formed on the other side of the first pressing plate 42 .
  • the first elastic member 46 is sleeved on the protruding portion 424 .
  • One end of the first elastic member 46 is connected to the second pressure plate 44 , and the other end of the first elastic member 46 is connected to the first pressure plate 42 .
  • the bottom wall of the recessed portion 422 is provided with a mounting portion 423 for mounting the keying portion 49.
  • the second elastic member 48 is sleeved on the mounting portion 423. One end of the second elastic member 48 is connected to the bottom wall of the recessed portion 422, and the other end is connected to the bottom wall of the recessed portion 422. One end is connected to the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the housing 10 . In this way, by providing the protruding portion 424 and the recessed portion 422, an installation space and a positioning structure are provided for the first elastic member 46, the second elastic member 48 and the keying portion, thereby simplifying the structure.
  • the side of the first pressure plate 42 away from the piezoelectric element 30 is also provided with a limiting rib 426 arranged around the protruding portion 424.
  • the first elastic member 46 is sleeved on the protruding portion 424 and is The limiting ribs 426 are limited in the area formed by the protruding portion 424 and the limiting ribs 426 . In this way, it can be ensured that the first elastic member 46 will not deflect during compression and release, thereby improving the full conversion of energy.
  • the button 20 reaches the aforementioned intermediate position
  • the first elastic member 46 reaches the maximum compression amount, and the second pressure plate 44 can abut against the limiting rib 426 .
  • the trigger member 50 stops rotating and the second pressure plate 44 contacts the limiting rib 426 to ensure the stroke of the button 20 and accurately control the elastic potential energy accumulated in the first elastic member 46 to further improve the consistency of a single power generation. At the same time, it also plays a protective role for the first elastic member 46 to avoid over-pressure.
  • the outer edge of the first pressure plate 42 is provided with a first hooking portion 428 that corresponds to the trigger member 50, and the second end 54 of the trigger member 50 is provided with There is a second hooking part 59.
  • the first hooking part 428 and the second hooking part 59 keep cooperating to restrict the first pressure plate 42 along the first direction X. downward movement.
  • the button 20 moves from the aforementioned intermediate position to the end position, the first hooking portion 428 and the second hooking portion 59 are completely separated, and the first pressure plate 42 can move toward the piezoelectric element 30 and act on the piezoelectric element 30 under the action of the first elastic member 46 Piezoelectric element 30.
  • the first hooking portion 428 is configured to form a hook groove with an opening generally facing downward
  • the second hooking portion 59 is configured to form a generally upwardly facing barb. In this way, during the downward movement of the button 20 along the first direction After reaching the preset position, it is completely separated from the first pressure plate 42 .
  • the side of the button 20 facing the piezoelectric element 30 is provided with a first pressing portion 22 for pressing the first end 52 of the trigger 50 , and a first pressing portion 22 for pressing the button 20 on the side facing the piezoelectric element 30 .
  • 20 presses the second pressing portion 24 of the second pressing plate 44 while moving downward along the first direction X.
  • the button 20 is in the initial position, there is a gap between the first end 52 of the trigger member 50 and the first pressing portion 22 , and the second pressing portion 24 is in contact with the side of the second pressure plate 44 away from the piezoelectric element 30 .
  • the button 20 when the button 20 moves from the initial position to the aforementioned intermediate position, the button 20 has a stroke (corresponding to the gap between the first end 52 and the first pressing portion 22 ) that does not interact with the trigger 50 .
  • the button 20 has a sufficient pressing stroke, so that the elastic potential energy accumulated in the first elastic member 46 is maximized, thereby ensuring that the electricity generated by the deformation of the piezoelectric element 30 meets the electricity demand.
  • the rotation stroke of the trigger member 50 can also be designed to be small enough to ensure precise fit or separation between the trigger member 50 and the first pressure plate 42 , thus improving the reliability and stability of the piezoelectric power generation device.
  • the contact between the second pressing part 24 and the second pressing plate 44 means that the second pressing part 24 is only connected to the second pressing plate 44 but does not cause the second pressing plate 44 to move downward along the first direction X. .
  • the outer edge of the second pressure plate 44 is provided with a guide surface 442, and the first end 52 of the trigger 50 is provided with a mating surface for adapting to the guide surface 442.
  • the guide surface 442 is used to cooperate with the mating surface 56 during the upward return process of the second pressure plate 44 along the first direction X to guide the trigger 50 to rotate in the direction opposite to the preset direction. It can be understood that when the button 20 moves from the initial position to the intermediate position, the second pressure plate 44 is pressed to move downward in the first direction X. At the same time, the trigger member 50 is pressed to rotate in the preset direction. One end 52 gradually moves closer to the central axis of the piezoelectric power generation device.
  • the first end 52 of the trigger member 50 is located on the upward movement path of the second pressure plate 44 along the first direction X.
  • the aforementioned guide surface 442 is provided to facilitate the return process of the second pressure plate 44.
  • the trigger member 50 is stably rotated in the direction opposite to the preset direction, and the second end 54 is engaged with the first pressure plate 42 to limit the first pressure plate 42 . In this way, the trigger 50 can be accurately reset, thereby improving the reliability of the piezoelectric power generation device.
  • the piezoelectric element 30 may include a piezoelectric ceramic piece 32 and a key spring piece 34 .
  • the key spring piece 34 is located on one side of the piezoelectric ceramic piece 32 . When it is subjected to a force exceeding a preset force, When pressed, the top arc of the key spring piece 34 can quickly collapse and contact the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32, thereby causing the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 to deform to generate electricity.
  • the button elastic piece 34 can be a dome piece, which can be made of ultra-thin (0.05 mm-1.5 mm) and ultra-hard (generally hardness between HV480-550) stainless steel materials, with smooth contact. , strong conductivity, stable rebound, and good hand feel.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a smart home device, which includes the piezoelectric power generation device in any of the above embodiments.
  • the smart home device may be, for example, a smart device having a communication device capable of sending and receiving signals, such as a smart toilet.

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Abstract

一种压电发电装置，触发件（50）沿预设方向转动到预设位置前，第二端（54）与第一压板（42）连接以限制第一压板（42）沿第一方向（X）向下运动，能够将按键（20）向下运动的动能转化为第一弹性件（46）压缩的弹性势能；触发件（50）沿预设方向转动到预设位置，第二端（54）能够与第一压板（42）完全分离，使第一弹性件（46）的弹性势能能够转化为第一压板（42）向下运动过程中的动能。如此，保证了在不同场景、不同用户操作的情况下，第一弹性件（46）所积蓄的弹性势能相同，压电元件（30）受到的压力都是相同的，从而保证压电元件（30）单次变形所产生的电量能够保持一致。另一方面，第一弹性件（46）迅速复原，第一压板（42）在一瞬间完成动作，时间短且稳定，保证压电元件（30）产生的电量能满足用电量的需求。还提供一种智能家居设备。

Description

压电发电装置及智能家居设备 技术领域
本发明涉及压电发电领域，特别是涉及一种压电发电装置及智能家居设备。
背景技术
压电材料受到外加应力而产生应变的同时会产生电荷堆积的特性，因此，能够将机械能转换成电能。以压电陶瓷为例，在外界振动或者冲击的作用下，压电陶瓷产生变形，输出电荷量，并经过能量转化、整流、储能、供电等诸多环节，应用于用电装置中。
但是，压电材料的能量转换效率与外加机械能的大小、变形程度、变形速度等因素相关，导致压电材料单次变形所产生的电荷量不稳定，且存在发电量不满足使用要求的情况，增加了电量收集使用的难度。
发明内容
基于此，有必要提供一种压电发电装置，能够保证压电材料单次变形所产生的电荷量一致、稳定获得满足要求的电量。
根据本申请的一个方面，提供一种压电发电装置，包括壳体、沿第一方向可移动地设置于所述壳体的顶部的按键，以及设置于壳体的底部的压电元件，所述压电发电装置还包括：
触发件，绕一轴线可转动地设置于所述壳体内，所述触发件具有第一端和第二端，所述第一端位于所述按键沿第一方向向下移动的移动路径上，以使所述触发件能够响应于所述按键抵压所述第一端而沿预设方向转动；以及
蓄能触发组件，设置于所述壳体内，且位于所述按键和所述压电元件之间；所述蓄能触发组件包括第一压板和设于所述按键和所述第一压板之间的第一弹性件；
其中，所述触发件沿预设方向转动到预设位置过程中具有止挡位置，所述触发件位于所述止挡位置，所述第二端抵接于所述壳体的侧壁以限制所述触发件沿预设方向的转动，且所述触发件沿预设方向转动到预设位置前，所述第二端与所述第一压板连接以限制所述第一压板沿第一方向向下运动，从而能够将所述按键沿第一方向向下运动的动能转化为所述第一弹性件压缩的弹性势能；
所述触发件沿预设方向转动到预设位置，所述第一弹性件压缩至最大压缩量，所述第二 端能够与所述第一压板完全分离，以使所述第一弹性件的弹性势能能够转化为所述第一压板沿第一方向向下运动过程中的动能。
上述压电发电装置，触发件转动至预设位置前，第一弹性件处于蓄能阶段，触发件转动至预设位置，第一弹性件进入弹性势能释放阶段，并通过第一压板作用于压电元件。因此，压电元件单次变形所产生的电荷量只与第一弹性件所积蓄的弹性势能有关，用户按压按键的力的大小、按压速度的快慢对压电元件单次变形所产生的电荷量影响很小。如此，一方面，保证了在不同场景、不同用户操作的情况下，第一弹性件所积蓄的弹性势能相同，压电元件受到的压力都是相同的，从而保证压电元件单次变形所产生的电量能够保持一致。另一方面，压电元件是利用第一弹性件压缩积蓄的弹性势能变形，当第一压板释放，第一弹性件迅速复原，第一压板在一瞬间完成动作，时间短且稳定，保证压电元件产生的电量能满足用电量的需求。
在其中一实施例中，所述蓄能触发组件还包括设置于所述按键朝向所述第一压板一侧的第二压板；
所述第一弹性件设置于所述第一压板和所述第二压板之间。
在其中一实施例中，所述第二压板的外缘设有导向面，所述触发件的所述第一端设有与所述导向面适配的配合面；
所述导向面用于在所述第二压板沿第一方向向上回位过程中，与所述配合面配合以引导所述触发件沿与所述预设方向相反的方向转动。
在其中一实施例中，所述按键朝向所述第一压板的一侧设有用于抵压所述第一端的第一抵压部，以及用于在所述按键沿第一方向向下移动过程中抵压所述第二压板的第二抵压部。
在其中一实施例中，所述按键未被施加外力时，所述触发件的所述第一端与所述第一抵压部之间具有间隙，所述第二抵压部接触于所述第二压板背离所述压电元件的一侧。
在其中一实施例中，所述蓄能触发组件还包括第二弹性件；
所述第二弹性件设置于所述第一压板和所述壳体的内腔的底壁之间，所述第二弹性件构造为在所述第一压板沿第一方向向下运动过程中能够被压缩。
在其中一实施例中，所述触发件沿预设方向转动到预设位置前，沿所述第一方向，所述第一压板与所述壳体的内腔的底壁之间设有预设间隔。
在其中一实施例中，所述蓄能触发组件还包括键压部；
所述键压部设置于所述第一压板背离所述按键的一侧，所述键压部用于在所述按键沿第一方向向下运动过程中作用于所述压电元件。
在其中一实施例中，所述压电发电装置还包括底盖；
所述壳体的底部设有与所述壳体的内腔连通的过孔，所述键压部经由所述过孔伸出，所述底盖安装于所述壳体的底部，所述压电元件设置于所述壳体和所述底盖之间。
在其中一实施例中，所述第一弹性件和所述第二弹性件均为压缩弹簧；
所述第一压板朝向所述压电元件的一侧形成一凹陷部，并在所述第一压板的另一侧形成对应该所述凹陷部的凸出部；
所述第一弹性件套设于所述凸出部，所述第一弹性件的一端连接于所述第二压板，所述第一弹性件的另一端连接于所述第一压板；
所述凹陷部的底壁设置有用于安装所述键压部的安装部，所述第二弹性件套设于所述安装部，且所述第二弹性件的一端连接于所述凹陷部的底壁，另一端连接于所述壳体的内腔的底壁。
在其中一实施例中，所述第一压板的外缘设置有与所述触发件一一对应的第一钩挂部；
所述触发件的所述第二端设置有第二钩挂部，所述触发件沿预设方向转动到预设位置前，所述第一钩挂部和所述第二钩挂部保持配合以限制所述第一压板沿第一方向向下运动；
所述触发件沿预设方向转动到预设位置，所述第一钩挂部和所述第二钩挂部完全分离，所述第一压板能够在所述第一弹性件的作用下朝向所述压电元件运动并作用于所述压电元件。
在其中一实施例中，所述压电发电装置包括至少两个所述触发件；
该至少两个所述触发件中包括至少一组彼此相对的两个所述触发件。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供一种智能家居设备，包括如上述任一实施例中的压电发电装置。
附图说明
图1为本申请一实施例中按键未被按压时压电发电装置的结构示意图；
图2为图1所示的触发件沿预设方向转动至预设位置时压电发电装置的结构示意图；
图3为图1所示的触发件沿预设方向转动至止挡位置时压电发电装置的结构示意图；
图4为图1所示的触发件沿与预设方向相反的方向转动过程中的一位置时，所述压电发电装置的结构示意图；
图5为图1所示的压电发电装置的壳体的结构示意图；
图6为图1所示的压电发电装置的第一压板的结构示意图；
图7为图1所示的压电发电装置中的触发件的结构示意图；
图8为图1所示的压电发电装置的按键的结构示意图；
图9为图1所示的压电发电装置的第二压板的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳的实施例。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
应当理解，尽管本文可以使用术语“第一”、“第二”等来描述各种元件，并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。这些术语仅用于将一个元件和另一个元件区分开。例如，在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，第一元件可以被称为第二元件，并且类似地，第二元件可以被称为第一元件。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
随着技术的发展，市面上出现了越来越多需要使用电池的用电装置。然而，废旧电池对环境造成严重的污染。因此，通过压电材料输出电量的技术应运而生。以压电陶瓷为例，一般来说，单次变形所产生的电量有限，相关技术中，压电陶瓷广泛应用于振动能量收集，利用不断的振动来持续产生电量。但是，这一类技术，无法在一些特定的应用场景下使用，例如，诸如智能家居设备中，用户希望按下按键，在按键按下的一瞬间，压电陶瓷能够产生稳定、均一的电量，从而满足用电需求。在实际的使用场合中，如果用户按压按键的速度是比较慢的，并且不同的用户操作时，按压速度也是不一样的，这就导致了压电材料单次变形所产生的电荷量不稳定，且存在发电量不满足使用要求的情况，增加了电量收集使用的难度。
基于此，本申请提供一种压电发电装置，能够保证压电材料单次变形所产生的电荷量一致、稳定获得满足要求的电量。
为便于理解本申请的技术方案，下面将对一些技术原理进行说明：
压电陶瓷发电：压电陶瓷片受到外力作用，压电陶瓷片发生机械变形，其极化强度随之变小，使一部分附加在压电陶瓷片表面的电荷释放出来，而产生放电现象。当施加至压电陶 瓷片的外力释放，压电陶瓷片恢复形变，极化强度增加，电极上吸附一部分电荷，出现充电现象。这种由机械能转变为电能的现象，称之为“正压电效应”。
如图1-图3所示，本申请公开的至少一实施例中的压电发电装置，包括壳体10、按键20、压电元件30、蓄能触发组件40和触发件50。
按键20沿第一方向X可移动地设置于壳体10的顶部，压电元件30设置于壳体10的底部，按键20能够沿第一方向X相对压电元件30作往复运动，以提供使压电元件30发生形变的能量来源。例如，如图1和图9所示，壳体10的顶部可以设置有供按键20伸入的按键孔16，按键20可以在按键孔16的约束和导向下沿第一方向X作往复运动，于此，第一方向X可以为壳体10的顶部指向底部的方向。
触发件50绕一轴线可转动地设置于壳体10内，触发件50具有第一端52和第二端54，该第一端52位于按键20沿第一方向X向下移动的移动路径上，以使触发件50能够响应于按键20抵压第一端52而沿预设方向转动。示例地，如图1-图3所示，按键20在沿第一方向X向下运动中，抵压第一端52使触发件50沿顺势针方向转动，于此，预设方向可以为顺时针方向。具体到一些实施例中，触发件50通过转轴转动连接于壳体10，第一端52和第二端54分居转轴(图未标)的两边，也就是说转轴大致位于触发件50的中间位置，第一端52和第二端54分别为其朝不同方向延伸的两端。
需要说明的是，用户在操作按键20时，以用户的视角观察，按键20朝向用户的一侧即为上侧，按键20背离用户的一侧即为下侧，因此，本申请实施例中的沿第一方向X向下，可以定义为按键20沿第一方向X朝靠近压电元件30运动的方向。对应地，本申请实施例中的沿第一方向X向上，可以定义为按键20沿第一方向X朝远离压电元件30运动的方向。
蓄能触发组件40设置于壳体10内，且位于按键20和压电元件30之间。蓄能触发组件40可以包括第一压板42、以及设置于按键20和第一压板42之间的第一弹性件46。触发件50沿预设方向转动到预设位置前，触发件50的第二端54与第一压板42连接而限制第一压板42沿第一方向X向下运动，以能够将按键20沿第一方向X向下运动的动能转化为第一弹性件46压缩的弹性势能。触发件50沿预设方向转动到预设位置，触发件50的第二端54能够与第一压板42完全分离，以使第一弹性件46的弹性势能能够转化为第一压板42沿第一方向向下运动过程中的动能。
需要指出，前述预设位置，是触发件50转动过程中的一中间临界位置，该中间临界位置可以根据第一弹性件46蓄能的弹性势能的大小确定，以满足最终转化为压电元件30变形所产生电能的需求。例如，作为一种实施方式，所述触发件50沿预设方向转动到预设位置，所 述第一弹性件46可以压缩至最大压缩量。如此，可以通过第一弹性件46的压缩量和蓄能的弹性势能来进一步保证压电元件30受到的压力和发电量。
应当理解的是，在实际的使用场合中，如果用户按压按键20的速度是比较慢，或者不同的用户操作时，按压速度不一样，这就导致了压电材料单次变形所产生的电荷量不稳定，且可能存在发电量不满足使用要求的情况，增加了电量收集使用的难度。本申请的实施例中，触发件50响应于按键20的抵压沿预设方向转动到预设位置前，属于第一弹性件46的蓄能阶段。触发件50沿预设方向转动到预设位置，属于第一弹性件46的弹性势能释放的临界位置，此时，第一压板42可以被释放，在第一弹性件46的作用下，第一压板42作用于压电元件30使其发生形变而产生电荷量。
因此，压电元件30单次变形所产生的电荷量基本只与第一弹性件46所积蓄的弹性势能有关，用户按压按键20的力的大小、按压速度的快慢对压电元件30单次变形所产生的电荷量影响很小。一方面，保证了在不同场景、不同用户操作的情况下，第一弹性件46所积蓄的弹性势能相同，压电元件30受到的压力都是相同的，从而保证压电元件30单次变形所产生的电量能够保持一致。另一方面，压电元件30是利用第一弹性件46压缩积蓄的弹性势能变形，当第一压板42被释放，第一弹性件46迅速复原，第一压板42在一瞬间完成动作，时间短且稳定，保证压电元件30产生的电量能满足用电量的需求。
一些实施例中，压电发电装置可以包括至少两个触发件50，该至少两个触发件50中包括至少一组彼此相对的两个触发件50。如此，通过至少一组彼此相对的两个触发件50使第一压板42不会发生倾斜，以在蓄能阶段达到稳定的限位，从而使第一弹性件46可以稳定地积蓄弹性势能。
一些实施例中，触发件50在沿预设方向的转动过程中可以具有止挡位置，触发件50位于所述止挡位置，触发件50的第二端54抵接于壳体10的侧壁以限制触发件50沿预设方向的转动，此时，触发件50无法继续沿预设方向转动，从而止挡按键20，使按键20无法继续沿第一方向X向下移动，到达终止位置。如此，一方面，可以防止按键20的过压造成的器件损坏，另一方面，用户在触压按键20过程中，可以有完整的操作行程，从而提高了用户的操作体验。
特别地，触发件50的转动是响应于按键20抵压触发件50的第一端52而动作，因此，触发件50的转动位置与按键20沿第一方向X的运动位置有对应关系。具体地，按键20在向下运动过程中具有一中间位置，该中间位置即对应于触发件50沿预设方向转动中的预设位置，即触发件50的第二端54与第一压板42完全分离的临界位置。
示例性地，如图1和图2所示，按键20从初始位置移动至该中间位置之前，触发件50的第二端54始终保持与第一压板42连接以限制第一压板42沿第一方向X向下运动，第一弹性件46被压缩，使按键20沿第一方向X向下运动的动能能够转化为第一弹性46件压缩的弹性势能。按键20从该中间位置继续沿第一方向X向下移动到终止位置，触发件50的第二端54与第一压板42完全分离，第一弹性件46恢复形变，第一弹性件46的弹性势能能够转化为第一压板42沿第一方向X向下运动过程中作用于压电元件30的动能。
如图1所示，按键20处于初始位置可以对应用户未对按键20进行触按操作的状态下所处的位置，例如，一些实施例中，在按键处于初始位置，第一弹性件46可以处于自然状态，当然，在另一些实施例中，第一弹性件46亦可进行预压缩。
值得强调的是，按键20可以直接作用于第一弹性件46，从而在其沿第一方向X向下运动过程中使第一弹性件46被压缩。当然，按键20亦可通过其他中间元件，例如，蓄能触发组件还包括设置于按键20朝向第一压板42一侧的第二压板44，第一弹性件46设置于第一压板42和第二压板44之间。如此，可以通过按键20作用于第二压板44，进一步使第二压板44可以沿第一方向X向下运动，从而使第一弹性件46能够被压缩。
一些实施例中，如图1-图3所示，蓄能触发组件40还可以包括第二弹性件48，该第二弹性件48设置于第一压板42和壳体10的内腔的底壁之间，第二弹性件48构造为在第一压板42沿第一方向X向下运动过程中能够被压缩。也即是说，在第一弹性件46的弹性势能释放阶段，第二弹性件48的弹力小于第一弹性件46的弹力，从而能够保证第一压板42的稳定下压。应当理解的是，第二弹性件48的设置，一方面可以为第一压板42提供沿第一方向X向上移动回位的回复力，另一方面，可以防止第一弹性件46的弹性势能瞬时释放造成过压而使压电元件30损坏。
进一步地，如图1和图2，触发件50沿预设方向转动至预设位置前，沿第一方向，第一压板42与壳体10的内腔的底壁之间具有预设间隔。示例地，触发件50转动到前述的预设位置，第一压板42处于释放的临界状态，此时第二弹性件48可以未压缩。当第一弹性件46的弹性势能逐步释放，第二弹性件48逐步被压缩，第一压板42与壳体10的内腔的底壁之间的间隔逐步减小。在施加于按键20的外力撤除后，在第二弹性件48的作用下，第一压板42可沿第一方向X向上运动以回位。如此，第一压板42与壳体10的内腔的底壁之间设有预设间隔，不仅为第二弹性件48的设置预留了空间，还为第一压板42的下压行程预留了空间。
一些实施例中，蓄能触发组件40还可以包括键压部49，键压部49设置于第一压板42背离第二压板44的一侧，该键压部49用于在第一压板42沿第一方向X向下运动过程中作 用于压电元件30。
可以理解，压电元件30可以设置于壳体10的内腔内，亦可以设置于壳体10的内腔外。例如，一些实施例中，压电元件30设置于壳体10的内腔内，则第二弹性件48设置的位置需要与压电元件30间隔开，避免相互之间干涉。例如，压电元件30可以设置于壳体10的内腔外，在另一些实施例中，如图5所示，压电发电装置还包括底盖80，壳体10底部设有与壳体10的内腔连通的过孔18，键压部49经由过孔18伸出，底盖80安装于壳体10的底部，压电元件30设置于壳体10和底盖80之间。具体地，底盖80一侧可以设有安装槽(图未标)，所述安装槽的槽口处边缘形成有台阶，压电元件30支撑于该台阶处，以使压电元件30与安装槽的底壁形成有间隙82，以为压电元件30的压电陶瓷片32提供变形的空间。
一些实施例中，如图1和图5所示，壳体10可以包括上壳12和下壳14，上壳12和下壳14可拆卸地装配为一体，以形成用于容置例如蓄能触发组件40的内腔。如此，便于拆装和维修该压电发电装置。
一些实施例中，如图1和图6所示，第一弹性件46和第二弹性件48可以均为压缩弹簧，第一压板42朝向压电元件30的一侧形成一凹陷部422，并在第一压板42的另一侧形成对应该凹陷部422的凸出部424。第一弹性件46套设于该凸出部424，第一弹性件46的一端连接于第二压板44，第一弹性件46的另一端连接于第一压板42。该凹陷部422的底壁设置有用于安装键压部49的安装部423，第二弹性件48套设于该安装部423，第二弹性件48的一端连接于凹陷部422的底壁，另一端连接于壳体10的内腔的底壁。如此，通过设置凸出部424和凹陷部422，为第一弹性件46、第二弹性件48和键入部提供了安装空间和定位结构，简化了结构。
一些实施例中，第一压板42背离压电元件30的一侧还设有围绕所述凸出部424设置的限位筋426，第一弹性件46套设于该凸出部424，且被限位筋426限位于凸出部424和限位筋426合围形成的区域内。如此，能够保证第一弹性件46在压缩和释放中不会发生偏移，从而提高了能量的充分转化。具体到一些实施例中，按键20到达前述的中间位置，第一弹性件46达到最大压缩量，第二压板44可以抵接于该限位筋426。如此，通过触发件50的停止转动、第二压板44抵接限位筋426来保证按键20的行程，并精确控制第一弹性件46积蓄的弹性势能，进一步提高单次发电量的一致性。与此同时，还起到了对第一弹性件46的保护作用，避免过压。
一些实施例中，如图1、图6和图7所示，第一压板42的外缘设置有与触发件50一一对应的第一钩挂部428，触发件50的第二端54设置有第二钩挂部59，按键20从初始位置移 动到前述中间位置的过程中，第一钩挂部428和第二钩挂部59保持配合以限制所述第一压板42沿第一方向X向下运动。按键20从前述中间位置移动至终止位置，第一钩挂部428和第二钩挂部59完全分离，第一压板42能够在第一弹性件46的作用下朝向压电元件30运动并作用于压电元件30。具体到一个实施例中，第一钩挂部428构造形成开口大致朝下的钩槽，第二钩挂部59构造形成大致朝上的倒钩。如此，在按键20沿第一方向X向下运动过程中，能够使触发件50通过第二钩挂部59与第一压板42的第一钩挂部428配合限位，并在触发件50转动到预设位置后与第一压板42完全分离。
一些实施例中，如图1和图8所示，按键20朝向压电元件30的一侧设有用于抵压触发件50的第一端52的第一抵压部22，以及用于在按键20沿第一方向X向下移动过程中抵压第二压板44的第二抵压部24。其中，按键20位于初始位置，触发件50的第一端52与第一抵压部22之间具有间隙，第二抵压部24接触于第二压板44背离压电元件30的一侧。如此，在按键20由于初始位置向前述中间位置移动过程中，按键20具有一段行程(对应于第一端52与第一抵压部22之间的间隙)不会与触发件50产生关系。一方面，能够保证按键20具有足够的下压行程，使第一弹性件46积蓄的弹性势能尽可能达到最大，从而保证压电元件30变形所产生的电量满足用电需求。另一方面，还可以将触发件50的转动行程设计到足够小，保证触发件50与第一压板42之间的精准配合或分离，从而提高了压电发电装置的可靠性和稳定性。
需要指出，第二抵压部24与第二压板44接触，是指第二抵压部24仅与第二压板44有连接关系，但不会使第二压板44沿第一方向X向下移动。
一些实施例中，如图4、图7和图9所示，第二压板44的外缘设有导向面442，触发件50的第一端52设有用于与导向面442适配的配合面56，导向面442用于在第二压板44沿第一方向X向上回位过程中与配合面56配合以引导触发件50沿与预设方向相反的方向转动。可以理解，按键20在由初始位置向中间位置移动过程中，第二压板44受压沿第一方向X向下运动，与此同时触发件50受压沿预设方向转动，触发件50的第一端52逐步向压电发电装置的中轴线靠拢。在第二压板44回位过程中，触发件50的第一端52位于第二压板44沿第一方向X向上运动的路径上，设置前述的导向面442，可以使第二压板44回位过程中，使触发件50稳定地沿与预设方向相反的方向转动，并使第二端54与第一压板42接合以对第一压板42限位。如此，能够保证触发件50精准复位，提高了压电发电装置的可靠性。
一些实施例中，如图1-图4所示，压电元件30可以包括压电陶瓷片32和按键弹片34，按键弹片34位于压电陶瓷片32的一侧，当受到超过预设作用力的按压时，按键弹片34的顶 弧可以迅速塌陷，并接触压电陶瓷片32，从而使压电陶瓷片32发生形变以进行发电。具体到一个实施例中，按键弹片34可以为锅仔片，其可以采用超薄(0.05毫米-1.5毫米)和超硬(一般硬度为HV480-550之间)的不锈钢材料制成，具有接触平稳、导通性强、回弹稳定、手感俱佳的几大优点。
基于相同的发明构思，本申请实施例还提供一种智能家居设备，该智能家居设备包括上述任一实施例中的压电发电装置。
具体地，该智能家居设备可以为例如具有能够收发信号的通信装置的智能设备，例如智能马桶。
在使用本文中描述的“包括”、“具有”、和“包含”的情况下，除非使用了明确的限定用语，例如“仅”、“由……组成”等，否则还可以添加另一部件。除非相反地提及，否则单数形式的术语可以包括复数形式，并不能理解为其数量为一个。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种压电发电装置，包括壳体、沿第一方向可移动地设置于所述壳体的顶部的按键，以及设置于所述壳体的底部的压电元件，其特征在于，所述压电发电装置还包括：
    触发件，绕一轴线可转动地设置于所述壳体内，所述触发件具有第一端和第二端，所述第一端位于所述按键沿第一方向向下移动的移动路径上，以使所述触发件能够响应于所述按键抵压所述第一端而沿预设方向转动；以及
    蓄能触发组件，设置于所述壳体内，且位于所述按键和所述压电元件之间；所述蓄能触发组件包括第一压板和设于所述按键和所述第一压板之间的第一弹性件；
    其中，所述触发件沿预设方向转动到预设位置过程中具有止挡位置，所述触发件位于所述止挡位置，所述第二端抵接于所述壳体的侧壁以限制所述触发件沿预设方向的转动，且所述触发件沿预设方向转动到预设位置前，所述第二端与所述第一压板连接以限制所述第一压板沿第一方向向下运动，从而能够将所述按键沿第一方向向下运动的动能转化为所述第一弹性件压缩的弹性势能；
    所述触发件沿预设方向转动到预设位置，所述第一弹性件压缩至最大压缩量，所述第二端能够与所述第一压板完全分离，以使所述第一弹性件的弹性势能能够转化为所述第一压板沿第一方向向下运动过程中的动能。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述蓄能触发组件还包括设置于所述按键朝向所述第一压板一侧的第二压板；
    所述第一弹性件设置于所述第一压板和所述第二压板之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述第二压板的外缘设有导向面，所述触发件的第一端设有与所述导向面适配的配合面；
    所述导向面用于在所述第二压板沿第一方向向上回位过程中，与所述配合面配合以引导所述触发件沿与所述预设方向相反的方向转动。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述按键朝向所述第一压板的一侧设有用于抵压所述第一端的第一抵压部，以及用于在所述按键沿第一方向向下移动过程中抵压所述第二压板的第二抵压部。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述按键未被施加外力时，所述触发件的所述第一端与所述第一抵压部之间具有间隙，所述第二抵压部接触于所述第二压板背离所述压电元件的一侧。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述蓄能触发组件还包 括第二弹性件；
    所述第二弹性件设置于所述第一压板和所述壳体的内腔的底壁之间，所述第二弹性件构造为在所述第一压板沿第一方向向下运动过程中能够被压缩。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述触发件沿预设方向转动到预设位置前，沿所述第一方向，所述第一压板与所述壳体的内腔的底壁之间设有预设间隔。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述蓄能触发组件还包括键压部；
    所述键压部设置于所述第一压板背离所述按键的一侧，所述键压部用于在所述按键沿第一方向向下运动过程中作用于所述压电元件。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述压电发电装置还包括底盖；
    所述壳体的底部设有与所述壳体的内腔连通的过孔，所述键压部经由所述过孔伸出，所述底盖安装于所述壳体的底部，所述压电元件设置于所述壳体和所述底盖之间。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述第一弹性件和所述第二弹性件均为压缩弹簧；
    所述第一压板朝向所述压电元件的一侧形成一凹陷部，并在所述第一压板的另一侧形成对应该所述凹陷部的凸出部；
    所述第一弹性件套设于所述凸出部，所述第一弹性件的一端连接于所述第二压板，所述第一弹性件的另一端连接于所述第一压板；
    所述凹陷部的底壁设置有用于安装所述键压部的安装部，所述第二弹性件套设于所述安装部，且所述第二弹性件的一端连接于所述凹陷部的底壁，另一端连接于所述壳体的内腔的底壁。
  11. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述第一压板的外缘设置有与所述触发件一一对应的第一钩挂部；
    所述触发件的第二端设置有第二钩挂部，所述触发件沿预设方向转动到预设位置前，所述第一钩挂部和所述第二钩挂部保持配合以限制所述第一压板沿第一方向向下运动；
    所述触发件沿预设方向转动到预设位置，所述第一钩挂部和所述第二钩挂部完全分离，所述第一压板能够在所述第一弹性件的作用下朝向所述压电元件运动并作用于所述压电元件。
  12. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述压电发电装置，其特征在于，所述压电发电装置包括至少两个所述触发件；
    该至少两个所述触发件中包括至少一组彼此相对的两个所述触发件。
  13. 一种智能家居设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-12任一项所述的压电发电装置。
PCT/CN2022/121893 2022-07-11 2022-09-27 压电发电装置及智能家居设备 WO2024011758A1 (zh)

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