WO2024007230A1 - 一种用于数控刀塔的定位方法及其定位系统球 - Google Patents

一种用于数控刀塔的定位方法及其定位系统球 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024007230A1
WO2024007230A1 PCT/CN2022/104258 CN2022104258W WO2024007230A1 WO 2024007230 A1 WO2024007230 A1 WO 2024007230A1 CN 2022104258 W CN2022104258 W CN 2022104258W WO 2024007230 A1 WO2024007230 A1 WO 2024007230A1
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tool
relative position
position coordinates
micro camera
turret
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PCT/CN2022/104258
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王迪
王一帆
陈新强
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温岭市文昌数控机床设备有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/104258 priority Critical patent/WO2024007230A1/zh
Publication of WO2024007230A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024007230A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q15/00Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
    • B23Q15/20Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work before or after the tool acts upon the workpiece
    • B23Q15/22Control or regulation of position of tool or workpiece
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/22Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work

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  • the present application relates to the field of CNC machining, and in particular to a positioning method and positioning system for a CNC turret.
  • the CNC turret is a mechanism used on CNC machine tools. Multiple tools can be installed on the CNC turret. The CNC turret can automatically switch between the tools to support the processing of the entire workpiece.
  • the Chinese patent with the publication number CN109079161A discloses a CNC tool lathe with a multi-functional turret, including a frame, a first spindle used to install products and driven by a motor, a turret connected to the drive motor, and a parallel A knife row with several cutting tools is installed.
  • the first spindle is installed on the frame, and the tool turret is fixed on the knife row.
  • the knife row is longitudinally and transversely slidingly connected to the frame.
  • the turret is equipped with a cutterhead, and the outer end surface of the cutterhead is provided with a cutterhead.
  • the axis of the cutterhead of the turret is parallel to the axis of the first spindle, and the turret is provided with a circumferential limiting device that can be connected or separated from the cutterhead.
  • the circumferential limiting device is connected to circumferentially limiting, and the cutter head is separated from the circumferential limiting device and rotates circumferentially.
  • the tools correspond to the tool holders one-to-one, and the tools are detachably connected to the tool holders.
  • the tools originally installed on the cutterhead may not be fully suitable, so some of the tools on the cutterhead may be replaced. After replacement, workers will adjust the position of the newly installed tool on the cutterhead so that the cutting edge of the tool that contacts the workpiece is consistent with the cutting edge of the original tool.
  • manual adjustment not only takes a long time, but also It will be affected by personal work experience, which can easily lead to insufficient adjustment accuracy and affect the processing accuracy of the overall turret.
  • a positioning method for CNC turret including the following steps:
  • the relative position coordinates of the replaced tool are obtained, and the relative position coordinates of the replaced tool are replaced to match the corresponding tool holder number again.
  • the specific establishment method of the coordinate system is as follows: taking the center of the cutterhead end face as the origin, the straight lines of any two mutually perpendicular diameters on the cutterhead end face are the X-axis and Y-axis respectively, and the cutting edge of the tool is on the cutterhead.
  • the projection point of the disc end face is the relative position coordinate of the tool.
  • the specific acquisition method of the relative position coordinates of the tool is:
  • the real-time image is an image including the replaced tool and at least one unreplaced tool
  • the real-time image acquisition method is: using a micro camera to take a picture of the replaced tool, moving the micro camera along the circumferential direction of the cutter head and taking pictures of adjacent tools.
  • the two photos taken must have Duplicate areas, remove duplicate areas from one photo and stitch them together with another photo.
  • this application provides a positioning system for CNC turret, adopting the following technical solution:
  • the processor automatically matches the tool holder and the corresponding tool.
  • the position of the tool holder will not change. Every time the tool changes, it will be re-matched with the tool holder to ensure that the tool holder is in the tool holder.
  • the relative position coordinates of the corresponding tool can be found when switching between, and the distance between the relative position coordinates of the two tools can more truly express the actual distance between the two tools.
  • the cutter head made based on the relative position coordinates Rotate and adjust the tool to achieve higher machining accuracy.
  • the processor includes an image recognition module and a coordinate calculation module,
  • the coordinate calculation module obtains the position of the identified tool edge, and calculates the relative position coordinates of the replaced tool based on the relative position coordinates of the original tool.
  • the micro camera is slidably connected to a movable base, and the movable base is provided with a pushing component that drives the micro camera to move.
  • the sliding trajectory of the micro camera is arc-shaped.
  • the micro camera itself is small in size and the range of the scenery captured is limited.
  • a larger range of scenery images can be obtained by taking multiple photos to meet the needs of automatic processing by the processor.
  • the push assembly includes a drive motor, a gear and a rack.
  • the rack is an arc-shaped tooth.
  • the rack is slidingly connected to the movable base and fixedly connected to the micro camera.
  • the gear is rotatably connected to the movable base. and is meshed with the rack, and the output shaft of the drive motor is coaxially connected with the gear.
  • the drive motor drives the gear to rotate, and the gear drives the rack to move.
  • the micro camera moves in an arc along with the rack.
  • the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor controls the repeated movement of the micro camera on the moving base.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of a positioning method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a positioning system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a front view of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a circuit block diagram of an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application discloses a positioning method for a CNC turret. Referring to Figure 1, it includes the following steps:
  • Step S1 establish a coordinate system.
  • the coordinate system that needs to be established in this application is a two-dimensional coordinate system.
  • This coordinate system takes the center of the 4-end surface of the cutterhead as the origin, and uses the straight lines where any two mutually perpendicular diameters on the 4-end surface of the cutterhead are located as the X-axis, Y axis.
  • the cutter head 4 of the present application is equipped with 12 tool holders 5 for installing tools, that is, the tool turret is a 12-station tool turret, and the X-axis and Y-axis can be respectively set at two 90-degree angles on the central axis of seat 5.
  • the coordinates of the center of each cutter seat 5 in the coordinate system can be calculated. Then number the tool holder 5, and record the number and coordinates of the tool holder 5 in sequence.
  • Step S2 Position the tool on the cutterhead 4 in the initial state.
  • a micro camera 7 is placed in front of the end of the cutter head 4.
  • the scene range captured by the micro camera 7 may include a tool holder 5 and the tools installed on the tool holder 5.
  • all the tool holders 5 are rotated in front of the micro camera 7 in sequence, and the micro camera 7 takes photos containing each tool holder 5 accordingly. Then identify the center position of the tool holder 5 and the cutting edge position of the tool in each photo.
  • the cutting edge position of the tool can be obtained by manually marking it, or it can be obtained by comparing it with pre-stored images of various types of tools that have marked cutting edge positions.
  • the turret When subsequently processing the workpiece, the turret will involve switching of processing tools.
  • a general turret rotates the cutterhead 4 based on the angle between the tool holder 5 where the current processing tool is located and the tool holder 5 where the target tool is located, but the turret of this application rotates the cutterhead 4 based on the relative position coordinates of the current processing tool and the target. The relative position coordinates of the tool are used to adjust the rotation of the cutterhead 4.
  • Step S3 Position the replaced tool on the cutter head 4.
  • the relative position coordinates of the tools on the cutterhead 4 at this time can be re-measured directly in step S2.
  • the replacement tool is installed on the same side of the cutter disc 4, and then the replacement tool is rotated to the side close to the micro camera 7, and the micro camera is moved by moving the micro camera. Camera 7 to capture live images.
  • the real-time image preferably includes the replaced tool and at least one unreplaced tool.
  • the micro camera 7 used to reduce space cannot obtain such real-time images by taking a single photo. Therefore, in the embodiment of this application, the final real-time image is obtained by taking two photos and then combining the two photos.
  • the micro camera 7 first takes a picture of the approaching tool, and then the micro camera 7 moves around the circumferential side wall of the cutter head 4 to the front of the other tool, and then takes a second picture.
  • the two photos need to have overlapping areas. Remove the overlapping areas from one of the photos and then stitch them together with the other photo to get a real-time image.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a positioning system for a CNC turret. See Figure 2 , which includes a machine tool 1.
  • the machine tool 1 is slidably connected to a turret base 2 and a moving base 3.
  • the sliding of the turret base 2 is driven by the cooperation of the screw rod and the motor, while the sliding power of the movable base 3 is directly provided by the cylinder.
  • the sliding direction of the turret base 2 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the movable base 3 .
  • a cutterhead 4 is rotatably connected to the turret base 2. Twelve toolholders 5 are evenly installed on the cutterhead 4 along its circumferential direction, and each toolholder 5 is equipped with a corresponding tool.
  • the machine tool 1 is also equipped with a processor 6, which pre-stores images of various types of tools, the numbers of the tool holders 5 on the cutterhead 4, and the relative position coordinates of the current tool in one-to-one correspondence with the tool holders 5.
  • the processor 6 controls the rotation of the cutter head 4, the processor 6 obtains the relative position coordinates of the corresponding tool according to the number of the tool holder 5 currently being processed and the number of the pre-rotated tool holder 5, and then calculates the two relative position coordinates and The angle between the lines connecting the origins is the angle at which the cutterhead 4 needs to rotate.
  • an escape groove is provided on one end of the mobile base 3 facing the turret base 2.
  • One side wall of the escape groove is a background plate, and a micro camera 7 and a push button are installed on the other side wall of the escape groove.
  • the micro camera 7 is slidingly connected to the movable base 3.
  • the sliding trajectory of the micro camera 7 is arc-shaped.
  • the processor 6 is coupled to the micro camera 7 to receive images captured by the micro camera 7 and process the images.
  • the processor 6 includes an image recognition module 61 and a coordinate calculation module 62.
  • the image recognition module 61 is used to obtain the photos taken by the micro camera 7 and compare them with the pre-stored tool images to identify the position of the cutting edge of the tool in the photos.
  • the position of the cutting edge includes the position of the original cutting edge in the photo and the position of the replaced cutting edge in the photo.
  • the coordinate calculation module 62 is used to obtain the identified position of the cutting edge of the tool, and calculate the relative position coordinates of the replaced tool based on the relative position coordinates of the original tool.
  • the movable base 3 when the CNC turret is operating normally, the movable base 3 is located on the side of the machine tool 1 to reduce interference to the movement of the turret base 2.
  • the turret base 2 moves to the side away from the cutter head 4, and the moving base 3 is close to the turret base 2.
  • the processor 6 controls the micro camera 7 to take photos of the tools on the cutterhead 4, and calculates the relative position coordinates of the replaced tools based on the photos taken. By binding the relative position coordinates of the replaced tool with the corresponding tool holder 5, the tool can be accurately positioned during subsequent use.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于数控刀塔的定位方法及其定位系统,包括以下步骤:对刀座(5)进行编号,并建立坐标系以获取刀具的刃口在刀盘(4)上的相对位置坐标,将刀座(5)的编号与刀具的相对位置坐标进行一一配对;刀具更换后,获取更换后刀具的相对位置坐标,并替换被更换的刀具的相对位置坐标以重新与相应的刀座(5)编号匹配。每次更换刀具后,自动对刀具进行定位,无需工人进行人工测量,减少数控刀塔的准备时间,提高加工效率,且加工精度高。

Description

一种用于数控刀塔的定位方法及其定位系统球 技术领域
本申请涉及数控加工的领域,尤其是涉及一种用于数控刀塔的定位方法及其定位系统。
背景技术
数控刀塔是使用在数控机床上的机构,数控刀塔上可以安装多个刀具,数控刀塔能够自动完成刀具之间的切换以支撑对整个工件的加工。
目前,公开号为CN109079161A的中国专利公开了一种带多功能刀塔的数控排刀车床,包括机架、用于安装产品并由电机驱动的第一主轴、与驱动电机连接的刀塔、并列安装有若干刀具的刀排,第一主轴安装在机架上,刀塔固定在刀排上,刀排纵向和横向滑动连接在机架上,刀塔设有刀盘,刀盘的外端面设有径向伸出刀盘侧壁的若干刀具;刀塔的刀盘的轴线与第一主轴的轴线平行,刀塔上设有能与刀盘连接或分离的周向限位装置,刀盘与周向限位装置连接而周向限位,刀盘与周向限位装置分离而周向转动。
刀盘周向侧壁上均匀分布有若干刀座,刀具与刀座一一对应,且刀具可拆卸地连接在刀座上。在使用刀塔加工不同的工件时,原先安装在刀盘上的刀具不一定能够完全适用,因此会出现对刀盘上部分刀具更换的情况。更换后工人会对新安装的刀具在刀盘上的位置进行调整,使刀具上用于与工件接触的刃口与原先刀具的刃口位置一致,但是这样的人工调整不但花费的时间久,还会受个人的工作经验影响,容易导致调节的精度不够,影响整体刀塔的加工精度。
发明内容
为了提高对更换后刀具的精准定位,本申请提供一种用于数控刀塔的定位方法及其定位系统。
第一方面,本申请提供的一种用于数控刀塔的定位方法,采用如下的技术方案:
一种用于数控刀塔的定位方法,包括以下步骤:
对刀座进行编号,并建立坐标系以获取刀具的刃口在刀盘上的相对位置坐标,将刀座的编号与刀具的相对位置坐标进行一一配对;
刀具更换后,获取更换后刀具的相对位置坐标,并替换被更换的刀具的相对位置坐标以重新与相应的刀座编号匹配。
优选的,坐标系的具体建立方式为:以刀盘端面的中心为原点,刀盘端面上任意的 两个相互垂直的直径所处的直线分别为X轴、Y轴,刀具的刃口在刀盘端面的投影点即为刀具的相对位置坐标。
优选的,所述刀具的相对位置坐标的具体获取方式为:
沿刀盘的轴向方向拍摄实时图像,实时图像为包含有更换后刀具以及至少一把未更换刀具的图像;
识别实时图像中更换后刀具的刃口的位置以及未更换刀具的刃口的位置,根据两个刃口的距离以及未更换刀具的相对位置坐标,计算出更换后刀具的相对位置坐标。
优选的,所述实时图像的获取方式为:采用微型相机对更换后的刀具进行拍摄,沿刀盘的周向方向移动微型相机并对相邻的刀具进行拍摄,拍摄的两张照片中需具有重复的区域,将其中一张照片中的重复区域去除并与另一张照片拼接到一起。
第二方面,本申请提供一种用于数控刀塔的定位系统,采用如下的技术方案:
一种用于数控刀塔的定位系统,包括机床、滑动连接在机床上的刀塔座、转动连接在刀塔座上的刀盘,所述刀盘上沿其周向方向均匀安装有若干刀座,还包括处理器、处在刀塔座一侧的移动座、以及安装在移动座上的微型相机,所述移动座滑动连接在机床上,移动座的滑动方向垂直于刀塔座的滑动方向,处理器中预存有各类刀具的图像、刀盘上刀座的编号,以及与刀座一一对应的当前刀具的相对位置坐标,所述处理器耦接于微型相机以接受微型相机拍摄的图像并对图像进行处理。
通过采用上述技术方案,处理器自动对刀座以及相应的刀具进行配对,刀座的位置不会出现变动,而每次刀具发生变化时,都会重新与刀座匹配,确保刀盘在刀座之间切换时能够找到对应的刀具的相对位置坐标,而两个刀具的相对位置坐标之间的距离才更能真实表达出两个刀具之间实际的距离,根据相对位置坐标做出的刀盘的转动,调节出刀具的加工精度更高。
优选的,所述处理器包括图像识别模块和坐标计算模块,
图像识别模块,用于获取微型相机拍摄的照片,并通过与预存的刀具图像进行对比以识别出拍摄照片中刀具刃口的位置,刀具刃口的位置包括原有刀具在照片中的位置和更换后刀具在照片中的位置;
坐标计算模块,获取识别出的刀具刃口的位置,并根据原有刀具的相对位置坐标,计算出更换后刀具的相对位置坐标。
通过采用上述技术方案,自动完成刀具刃口位置的识别,并自动计算出刀具刃口位置在坐标系中的相对位置坐标,快速为后续刀盘的调整提供数据。
优选的,所述微型相机滑动连接在移动座上,所述移动座上设有驱动微型相机移动的推动组件,所述微型相机的滑动轨迹为弧形,当微型相机用于拍摄刀盘上刀具的图像时,微型相机在推动组件的驱动下绕刀盘的中心轴移动。
通过采用上述技术方案,微型相机本身体积小,拍摄到的景物的范围有限,通过移动微型相机可以通过拍摄多张照片的方式,获取更大范围的景物图像,以满足处理器自动处理的需要。
优选的,所述推动组件包括驱动电机、齿轮和齿条,所述齿条为弧形齿,所述齿条滑动连接在移动座上并与微型相机固定连接,所述齿轮转动连接在移动座上并与齿条啮合连接,所述驱动电机的输出轴与齿轮同轴连接。
通过采用上述技术方案,驱动电机带动齿轮转动,齿轮再带动齿条移动,微型相机随着齿条做弧形运动,驱动电机的正反转控制微型相机在移动座上的反复运动。
综上所述,本申请包括以下至少一种有益技术效果:通过自动图像获取、自动图像识别以及数据计算的方式来获取刀具刃口的相对位置坐标,代替常规的使用刀座的位置来作为刀盘转动的参照物,使刀具刃口在刀盘转动后的位置更加符合加工需要,有助于提高数控刀塔的加工精度。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例定位方法的流程图。
图2是本申请实施例定位系统的结构图。
图3是本申请实施例的正视图。
图4是本申请实施例的电路框图。
图5是本申请实施例推动组件的结构示意图。
附图标记说明:1、机床;2、刀塔座;3、移动座;4、刀盘;5、刀座;6、处理器;61、图像识别模块;62、坐标计算模块;7、微型相机;8、推动组件;81、驱动电机;82、齿轮;83、齿条。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图1-5对本申请作进一步详细说明。
本申请实施例公开一种用于数控刀塔的定位方法,参照图1,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1,建立坐标系。
本申请需要建立的坐标系为二维坐标系,该坐标系以刀盘4端面的中心为原点,以刀盘4端面上任意的两个相互垂直的直径所处的直线分别做为X轴、Y轴。另外本申请的 刀盘4上安装有12个用于安装刀具的刀座5,即该刀塔为12工位刀塔,X轴和Y轴可以分别设置在两个夹角为90度的刀座5的中心轴上。根据刀盘4固定的直径,可以计算出各个刀座5中心在坐标系中的坐标。然后在对刀座5进行编号,将刀座5的编号及其坐标依次记录下来。
步骤S2,对初始状态下的刀盘4上的刀具进行定位。
在刀盘4的端面前放置微型相机7,微型相机7拍摄到的景物范围可以包含一个刀座5以及安装在该刀座5上的刀具。通过控制刀盘4的转动,使所有刀座5依次转动到微型相机7前,微型相机7相应地拍摄包含各个刀座5的照片。然后识别出每个照片中刀座5的中心位置、刀具的刃口位置。其中,刀具的刃口位置可以采用由人工标明的方式得到,也可以通过与预存的各类刀具已标明刃口位置的图像进行比较得出。计算出刀具的刃口位置到刀座5的中心位置之间的距离,再结合刀座5的中心位置对应的坐标,即可得到刀具的刃口位置对应的坐标,该坐标命名为相对位置坐标。每个刀具的相对位置坐标都会与所在刀座5的编号相配对,并进行存储。
在后续加工工件时,刀塔会涉及到加工刀具的切换。一般的刀塔会根据当前加工刀具所在的刀座5和目标刀具所在的刀座5之间的夹角来转动刀盘4,但本申请的刀塔是根据当前加工刀具的相对位置坐标和目标刀具的相对位置坐标来调整刀盘4的转动。
步骤S3,对刀盘4上更换后的刀具进行定位。
单次更换的刀具数量较多时,可以直接以步骤S2的方式重新测定此时刀盘4上的刀具的相对位置坐标。而当单次更换的刀具数量较少时,比如只有一两把时,将更换的刀具安装在刀盘4的同一侧,再将更换的刀具转动到靠近微型相机7的一侧,通过移动微型相机7来拍摄实时图像。
为了计算更加精准,实时图像中最好是包含有更换后的刀具以及至少一把未更换刀具,但是为了减少空间而使用的微型相机7无法通过一次拍照就能够获取这类的实时图像。因此本申请实施例中采用分两次拍摄,再将两张照片进行组合的方式获取最终的实时图像。
在拍摄过程中,微型相机7先对接近的刀具进行拍摄,然后微型相机7绕刀盘4的周向侧壁移动到另一个刀具的前方,再拍摄第二张照片。两张照片中需具有重复的区域,将其中一张照片中的重复区域去除,再与另一张照片拼接到一起即可得到实时图像。
获取实时图像后,识别实时图像中刀座5中心的位置、更换后刀具的刃口位置以及未更换刀具的刃口位置,根据更换后刀具刃口到刀具中心位置的距离,计算出更换后刀具的相对位置坐标。未更换刀具的刃口位置用于辅助计算更换后刀具的相对位置坐标,以提高计 算精度。最后删除与刀座5绑定的原先的刀具相对位置坐标,将计算出的更换后刀具的相对位置坐标重新与刀座5的编号进行绑定。
本申请实施例还提供一种用于数控刀塔的定位系统,参见图2,包括机床1,机床1上滑动连接有刀塔座2和移动座3。刀塔座2的滑动是采用丝杆和电机的配合来进行驱动,而移动座3则是直接由气缸提供滑动的动力。刀塔座2的滑动方向垂直于移动座3的滑动方向。
参见图3、图4,刀塔座2上转动连接有刀盘4,刀盘4上沿其周向方向均匀安装有12个刀座5,每个刀座5上安装有相应的刀具。机床1上还安装有处理器6,处理器6中预存有各类刀具的图像、刀盘4上刀座5的编号、以及与刀座5一一对应的当前刀具的相对位置坐标。处理器6控制刀盘4转动时,处理器6根据当前正在加工的刀座5的编号和预转到的刀座5的编号获取相应刀具的相对位置坐标,再计算出两个相对位置坐标与原点之间连线的夹角,该夹角即为刀盘4需要转动的角度。
参见图4、图5,移动座3朝向刀塔座2的一端上开设有避让槽,避让槽的一侧侧壁为背景板,避让槽的另一侧侧壁上安装有微型相机7和推动组件8。微型相机7滑动连接在移动座3上,微型相机7的滑动轨迹为弧形,当微型相机7用于拍摄刀盘4上刀具的图像时,微型相机7在推动组件8的驱动下绕刀盘4的中心轴移动。
参见图5,推动组件8包括驱动电机81、齿轮82和齿条83,齿条83为弧形齿,齿条83的形状与微型相机7的滑动轨迹相适配。齿条83滑动连接在移动座3上并与微型相机7固定连接,齿轮82转动连接在移动座3上并与齿条83啮合连接,驱动电机81的输出轴与齿轮82同轴连接。
参见图4,处理器6耦接于微型相机7以接受微型相机7拍摄的图像并对图像进行处理。处理器6包括图像识别模块61和坐标计算模块62,图像识别模块61用于获取微型相机7拍摄的照片,并通过与预存的刀具图像进行对比以识别出拍摄照片中刀具刃口的位置,刀具刃口的位置包括原有刀具刃口在照片中的位置和更换后刀具刃口在照片中的位置。坐标计算模块62用于获取识别出的刀具刃口的位置,并根据原有刀具的相对位置坐标,计算出更换后刀具的相对位置坐标。
本申请实施例的使用原理:在数控刀塔正常工作时,移动座3处在机床1的侧边上,以减少对刀塔座2移动造成干扰。当需要对刀盘4上的刀具进行更换时,刀塔座2向背离刀盘4的一侧移动,且移动座3靠近刀塔座2。更换好刀具后,更换后刀具所在的刀座5转动到靠近移动座3的一侧,移动座3继续往刀塔座2一侧移动直到刀盘4的一部分处到避 让槽中。处理器6再控制微型相机7对刀盘4上的刀具进行拍照,并根据拍摄的照片计算出更换后刀具的相对位置坐标。将更换后刀具的相对位置坐标与相应刀座5进行绑定,即可在后续使用时对刀具进行精准定位。
以上均为本申请的较佳实施例,并非依此限制本申请的保护范围,故:凡依本申请的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化,均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种用于数控刀塔的定位方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    对刀座(5)进行编号,并建立坐标系以获取刀具的刃口在刀盘(4)上的相对位置坐标,将刀座(5)的编号与刀具的相对位置坐标进行一一配对;
    刀具更换后,获取更换后刀具的相对位置坐标,并替换被更换的刀具的相对位置坐标以重新与相应的刀座(5)编号匹配;
    坐标系的具体建立方式为:以刀盘(4)端面的中心为原点,刀盘(4)端面上任意的两个相互垂直的直径所处的直线分别为X轴、Y轴,刀具的刃口在刀盘(4)端面的投影点即为刀具的相对位置坐标;
    所述刀具的相对位置坐标的具体获取方式为:
    沿刀盘(4)的轴向方向拍摄实时图像,实时图像为包含有更换后刀具以及至少一把未更换刀具的图像;
    识别实时图像中更换后刀具的刃口的位置以及未更换刀具的刃口的位置,根据两个刃口的距离以及未更换刀具的相对位置坐标,计算出更换后刀具的相对位置坐标。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于数控刀塔的定位方法,其特征在于:所述实时图像的获取方式为:采用微型相机(7)对更换后的刀具进行拍摄,沿刀盘(4)的周向方向移动微型相机(7)并对相邻的刀具进行拍摄,拍摄的两张照片中需具有重复的区域,将其中一张照片中的重复区域去除并与另一张照片拼接到一起。
  3. 一种用于数控刀塔的定位系统,包括机床(1)、滑动连接在机床(1)上的刀塔座(2)、转动连接在刀塔座(2)上的刀盘(4),所述刀盘(4)上沿其周向方向均匀安装有若干刀座(5),其特征在于:还包括处理器(6)、处在刀塔座(2)一侧的移动座(3)、以及安装在移动座(3)上的微型相机(7),所述移动座(3)滑动连接在机床(1)上,移动座(3)的滑动方向垂直于刀塔座(2)的滑动方向,处理器(6)中预存有各类刀具的图像、刀盘(4)上刀座(5)的编号,以及与刀座(5)一一对应的当前刀具的相对位置坐标,所述处理器(6)耦接于微型相机(7)以接受微型相机(7)拍摄的图像并对图像进行处理;
    所述处理器(6)包括图像识别模块(61)和坐标计算模块(62),
    图像识别模块(61),用于获取微型相机(7)拍摄的照片,并通过与预存的刀具图像进行对比以识别出拍摄照片中刀具刃口的位置,刀具刃口的位置包括原有刀具在照片中的位置和更换后刀具在照片中的位置;
    坐标计算模块(62),获取识别出的刀具刃口的位置,并根据原有刀具的相对位置坐标,计算出更换后刀具的相对位置坐标。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种用于数控刀塔的定位系统,其特征在于:所述微型相机(7)滑动连接在移动座(3)上,所述移动座(3)上设有驱动微型相机(7)移动的推动组件(8),所述微型相机(7)的滑动轨迹为弧形,当微型相机(7)用于拍摄刀盘(4)上刀具的图像时,微型相机(7)在推动组件(8)的驱动下绕刀盘(4)的中心轴移动。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种用于数控刀塔的定位系统,其特征在于:所述推动组件(8)包括驱动电机(81)、齿轮(82)和齿条(83),所述齿条(83)为弧形齿,所述齿条(83)滑动连接在移动座(3)上并与微型相机(7)固定连接,所述齿轮(82)转动连接在移动座(3)上并与齿条(83)啮合连接,所述驱动电机(81)的输出轴与齿轮(82)同轴连接。
PCT/CN2022/104258 2022-07-07 2022-07-07 一种用于数控刀塔的定位方法及其定位系统球 WO2024007230A1 (zh)

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JP2012125901A (ja) * 2010-12-17 2012-07-05 Ojima Shisaku Kenkyusho:Kk 工具セッター及び工具の刃先位置合わせ方法
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JP2012125901A (ja) * 2010-12-17 2012-07-05 Ojima Shisaku Kenkyusho:Kk 工具セッター及び工具の刃先位置合わせ方法
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