WO2024002855A1

WO2024002855A1 - Dual connection system for heat pumps and geothermal collectors

Info

Publication number: WO2024002855A1
Application number: PCT/EP2023/066975
Authority: WO
Inventors: Edwin Kohl
Original assignee: Kohl Medical Ag
Priority date: 2022-06-29
Filing date: 2023-06-22
Publication date: 2024-01-04
Also published as: DE102022116248B3

Abstract

Disclosed is a system that comprises a heat pump, a geothermal collector, a solar thermal collector and a dual connection system. The dual connection system comprises a first fluid in a first fluidic connection and a second fluid in a second fluidic connection. The first fluidic connection is connected to the solar thermal collector and to the geothermal collector. The first fluid thermally connects the solar thermal collector to the geothermal collector. The second fluidic connection is connected to the geothermal collector and to the heat pump, and the second fluid thermally connects the geothermal collector to the heat pump. The solar thermal collector is configured to provide thermal energy. The geothermal collector is configured to provide thermal energy and is configured to absorb thermal energy. The system is configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the solar thermal collector to the geothermal collector and transfer thermal energy to the heat pump.

Description

DUAL CONNECTION SYSTEM FOR HEAT PUMPS AND GROUND HEAT COLLECTORS

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE

The present disclosure relates to a dual connection system for heat pumps and geothermal collectors and to the operation of such a system. The system of the present disclosure is suitable for efficient and sustainable heating of buildings.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Old buildings that are not sufficiently well insulated/insulated require a heating flow temperature of usually 60°C and more. Modern heat pumps can achieve this flow, but require an efficient heat source. With air-water heat pumps, these productive temperature conditions are not available during the heating period on cold days, so that a heat pump may no longer be able to be operated or no longer be operated economically.

Water heat pumps also require a sufficient heat source, but this usually becomes less and less efficient over the course of the heating season and ultimately reaches temperatures in the temperature range of 0°C or less, so that the operation of a heat pump may not be economical.

In the article “Energy supply in a single-family home using heat pumps, horizontal geothermal collectors and photovoltaic-thermal solar collectors,” Hüsing and Merccker reveal an energy supply system in a single-family home, consisting of a heat pump, horizontal geothermal collector and uncovered photovoltaic-thermal solar collectors.

DE 42 11 576 A1 discloses a heating system with a heat pump, at least one ground probe and a refrigerant, which contains energy from the evaporator Ground probe is supplied, the ground probe being designed as a heat pipe.

DE 20 2011 106 855 U1 discloses a heat supply system for space heat and drinking hot water of a building, with a building-integrated heat distribution network consisting of a flow and return flow, with decentralized heat pumps being installed in parts of the building to be supplied, and with these using the heat distribution network as a heat source.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention is defined by the independent claims. Dependent claims describe embodiments of the invention.

According to one embodiment, a system includes a heat pump, a geothermal collector, a solar thermal collector, a two-connection system, the two-connection system including a first fluid in a first fluid connection and a second fluid in a second fluid connection, the first fluid connection with the solar thermal collector and the geothermal collector is connected and the first fluid thermally connects the solar thermal collector to the geothermal collector, the second fluid connection is connected to the geothermal collector and the heat pump and the second fluid thermally connects the geothermal collector to the heat pump, the solar thermal collector is configured to provide thermal energy and /or deliver, wherein the geothermal collector is configured to provide and/or emit thermal energy and is configured to receive thermal energy, and wherein the system is configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the solar thermal collector to the geothermal collector and thermal energy to the heat pump transferred to.

The present disclosure enables thermal energy to be transferred to the geothermal collector simultaneously while the heat pump is operating. The present disclosure can simultaneously operate the heat pump and charge and/or regenerate the geothermal collector make possible. Charging and/or regenerating the geothermal collector can refer to such a transfer of thermal energy to the geothermal collector that the energy stored in the geothermal collector increases, for example also increases net, also taking into account that simultaneous operation of a heat pump can remove thermal energy from the geothermal collector. The present disclosure enables thermal energy to be transferred to the geothermal collector, which can occur independently of the operation of the heat pump. For example, more thermal energy can be transferred to the geothermal collector than in systems in which either only the heat pump can be operated or only thermal energy can be transferred to the geothermal collector, and, for example, higher temperatures can be achieved in the geothermal collector. The geothermal collector can be available to the heat pump as a heat source. Higher temperatures in the geothermal collector and/or storage of more thermal energy in the geothermal collector can ensure that a heat pump can provide sufficient heating output even at low temperatures, which is particularly important in older buildings and/or buildings that are listed buildings can be of practical importance. The present disclosure can reduce the insulation needs of a home. The present disclosure can improve the annual performance of the heat pump compared to prior art systems. Due to the better/more flexible/independent options for transferring thermal energy to the geothermal collector, less area is required for the geothermal collector compared to conventional systems. This is of great practical importance, particularly in urban and metropolitan areas, especially in view of the increasingly smaller building plots. A smaller area requirement for the geothermal collector also allows for a lower use of materials. Higher temperatures in the geothermal collector can prevent the ground from freezing. Furthermore, the present disclosure may enable more efficient use of solar energy and/or radiant energy incident on a corresponding system. In addition, the present disclosure has the advantage that the geothermal collector of the system described serves as a heat source for the heat pump throughout the entire heating period, in particular at the end of the heating period and also during very cold days can be available. The present disclosure may enable greater flexibility between operation of the heat pump and regeneration of the geothermal collector/transfer of thermal energy to the geothermal collector. The present disclosure can, for example through a possible thermal connection of the source side of the heat pump to the geothermal collector, enable a constant or slightly fluctuating fluid temperature in the heat pump/on the source side of the heat pump.

A heat pump, for example, is understood to be a device that, using technical work, can absorb heat energy from a reservoir with a lower temperature and - together with the drive energy - transfer it as useful heat to a system to be warmed at a higher temperature. A geothermal collector is understood to mean, for example, a device by means of which thermal energy can be transferred into the ground and/or out of the ground, i.e. can be stored in the ground, for example. Areas of a geothermal collector are usually located below the earth's surface, that is, below the surface of the ground. For example, a geothermal collector may contain fluid connections through which a fluid flows that can absorb and/or release thermal energy from the environment of the fluid connection. Regions of the fluid connection can, for example, be arranged below the earth's surface, and the fluid can, for example, absorb and/or release thermal energy from the ground in the area of the fluid connection. For example, the fluid connections together with the surrounding soil can essentially make up the geothermal collector. The geothermal collector can be dimensioned such that, in conjunction with the system of the present disclosure, it can be available as a sufficiently productive heat source for the heat pump throughout the entire heating period, in particular also at the end of the heating period and during very cold days. Operating the heat pump may include providing thermal energy to the heat pump/transferring thermal energy to the heat pump, for example from the geothermal collector and/or from the thermal solar collector. Operating the heat pump can provide thermal energy from the Heat pump/transferring thermal energy from the heat pump, for example to a heat storage unit.

A thermal solar collector is a device that can convert electromagnetic radiation into thermal energy and can provide thermal energy. Solar thermal systems and solar thermal systems are examples of solar collectors.

The thermal solar collector can be arranged, for example, on a building roof, or on an open space, for example as a tracking system in the garden area. The thermal solar collector can be a tube collector and/or a vacuum tube collector and/or a PVT collector. The solar thermal collector can be a flat plate collector. Vacuum tube collectors usually have low heat loss at low outside temperatures and high efficiency, even at low temperatures. Therefore, tube collectors and/or vacuum tube collectors may be preferred, especially with regard to cold outside temperatures.

A connection can be a line. A two-connection system is a system that contains at least two connections. A two-connection system can also contain more than two connections, for example three connections. For example, a two-channel system and/or a two-pipe system can be a two-connection system. A two-connection system may be a system that contains two thermal connections and/or contains three or more thermal connections. The two-connection system may include two connections, each containing areas located in the geothermal collector. In other words: Connections of the two-connection system can be arranged in areas in the geothermal collector.

A thermal connection may, for example, be a connection that is suitable for transferring thermal energy to objects that are thermally connected to the thermal connection/thermally connected to the thermal connection and/or to transfer away from objects that are connected to the thermal connection are thermally connected. Two objects that are thermally connected to a thermal connection are thermally connected to each other. A fluid connection suitable for containing a fluid that can absorb and/or release thermal energy and/or for example can transfer thermal energy from one place to another place by means of thermal convection can be a thermal connection. A thermal connection can be a thermal coupling.

The term fluid includes, for example, gases and liquids. The first fluid and the second fluid may contain the same materials and/or different materials. The first and/or the second fluid can contain, for example, antifreeze and/or water.

A fluid connection can be a connection that is suitable for containing a fluid. For example, a pipe connection and/or a pipe can be a fluid connection. For example, a channel can be a fluid connection. A fluid connection can be closed, i.e. H. for example, be suitable for spatially enclosing a fluid. A fluid connection can contain, for example, valves, fittings, sleeves, slides, shut-off devices, pumps, reducers, expansions, condensers, evaporators, throttles, compressors, and the like. A fluid connection may be adapted to allow a fluid to circulate and/or flow repeatedly through a fluid connection circuit. A thermal connection can be a fluid connection. A fluid connection can be a thermal connection.

The first fluid connection can thermally connect the solar thermal collector and the geothermal collector to one another. Thermally connected can mean that there is a thermal connection. The first fluid connection can be a thermal connection between the solar thermal collector and the geothermal collector. The fact that a fluid thermally connects two objects to one another can mean that the fluid flows through two heat exchangers, each of which is attached to the respective objects, for example attached directly to them. The fact that a fluid thermally connects two objects to one another can mean that the thermal connection between the two objects is established predominantly or entirely via the fluid, i.e. that, for example, no other fluid and no other heat exchangers are involved, and/or that thermal paths via other fluids and other heat exchangers compared to the fluid can be neglected.

The first fluid can thermally connect the thermal solar collector to the geothermal collector by means of thermal convection and/or by means of fluid flow. The second fluid connection can thermally connect the geothermal collector and the heat pump to one another. Thermally connect can mean that there is a thermal connection. The second fluid connection can be a thermal connection between the geothermal collector and the heat pump.

The second fluid may thermally connect the geothermal collector and the heat pump via thermal convection and/or via fluid flow.

The first fluid connection can, for example, be used exclusively for heating the geothermal collector/for transferring thermal energy to the geothermal collector. The second fluid connection can be used, for example, to extract heat from the geothermal collector. The first fluid connection and the second fluid connection can, for example, each be used both for heating the geothermal collector and for extracting heat from the geothermal collector.

The system can be configured to simultaneously transfer heat energy from the solar thermal collector to the geothermal collector by means of a fluid, for example by means of the first fluid, and/or by means of a fluid connection, for example by means of the first fluid connection, and heat energy from the geothermal heat collector to the heat pump by means of to transmit and/or provide a fluid, for example by means of the second fluid, and/or by means of a fluid connection, for example by means of the second fluid connection. The system can be configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the thermal solar collector to the geothermal collector by means of a fluid, for example by means of the first fluid, and/or by means of a fluid connection, for example by means of the first fluid connection, and thermal energy from the thermal solar collector to the heat pump to transmit and/or provide by means of a fluid, for example by means of the second fluid, and/or by means of a fluid connection, for example by means of the second fluid connection. The system can be configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the solar thermal collector to the geothermal collector by means of a fluid, for example by means of the first fluid, and/or by means of a fluid connection, for example by means of the first fluid connection, and to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the geothermal collector and/or the thermal solar collector to the heat pump by means of a fluid and/or by means of a fluid connection, for example by means of of the second fluid and/or to transmit and/or provide by means of the second fluid connection.

The system can further include a heat storage device. The heat storage can be thermally connected to the sink side of the heat pump. The thermal solar collector can be thermally connected to the heat storage. The system may be configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the solar thermal collector to the geothermal collector and to the heat storage.

The heat storage is designed to store thermal energy. The heat storage can store thermal energy. The heat storage may contain, for example, a water tank and/or a fluid tank, for example an insulated water tank/insulated fluid tank. The heat pump can, for example, provide thermal energy to the heat storage and/or transfer thermal energy to the heat storage. In other words: The heat storage can be heated, for example, by the heat pump.

The heat storage can, for example, enable the preparation of drinking hot water via a fresh water station and/or can, for example, supply a space heating system in a building.

The heat storage can be a buffer storage. The heat storage can be used to temporarily store heat. The heat storage can be dimensioned/designed/constructed in such a way that heat can be stored for a certain number of days. For example, the heat storage can have a storage volume of approximately 1 m ³ per 40 m ² of building area to be heated. For example, heating the heat storage on a high-radiation day can provide the heat storage with thermal energy for four low-radiation days.

The heat storage can have a target temperature. For example, depending on the temperature of the heat storage, different operating modes can be selected, for example by means of a control device, which will be explained below. For example, if the target temperature of the heat storage is not reached, heat energy can be transferred from the thermal solar collector to the heat storage and at the same time heat energy can be transferred from thermal solar collector is transferred to the geothermal collector. Transferring thermal energy from the solar thermal collector to the heat storage may be a priority. For example, the heat energy can be transferred from the heat pump to the heat storage if the thermal solar collector alone cannot provide the heat storage with enough heat energy, and optionally, in parallel, heat energy can continue to be transferred from the thermal solar collector to the heat storage. The heat storage is not the same as the geothermal collector, but is different from the geothermal collector.

The heat storage can, for example, be thermally connected to the sink side of the heat pump via a fluid in a fluid circuit and with two further heat exchangers.

The system may be configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the solar thermal collector to the geothermal collector and to the heat pump. The system may be configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the solar thermal collector to the geothermal collector and to the heat storage and/or to the heat pump.

A fluid can thermally connect the thermal solar collector with the heat storage.

The thermal solar collector can be thermally connected to the heat storage using a fluid.

The second fluid connection may further be connected to the thermal solar collector and the heat storage and the second fluid may thermally connect the thermal solar collector to the heat storage and/or the two-connection system may further contain a third fluid in a third fluid connection and the third fluid connection may be connected to the thermal Solar collector and the heat storage can be connected and the third fluid can thermally connect the thermal solar collector to the heat storage.

The second fluid can thermally connect the solar thermal collector to the heat storage such that it flows through two heat exchangers, each are attached to the heat storage and the thermal solar collector, for example are attached directly to it.

The system may further include a control device that may be configured to control the portion of thermal energy transferred from the solar thermal collector to the geothermal collector via the first fluid and the portion of thermal energy transferred to the heat pump via the second fluid , to control each.

The control device may be configured to control the proportion of thermal energy transferred from the solar thermal collector to the heat pump via the second fluid. The control device can be configured to select different operating modes, for example based on a temperature of the heat storage and/or based on an outside temperature and/or based on a radiation intensity.

The system may include a control device that may be configured to control the portion of thermal energy transferred from the solar thermal collector via the first fluid to the geothermal collector and the portion of thermal energy transferred to the heat storage, respectively.

The system may include a control device that may be configured to control the portion of thermal energy transferred from the solar thermal collector to the geothermal collector via the first fluid and the portion of thermal energy transferred to the heat storage, for example via the second Fluid and / or via the third fluid to control each. The shares can be transferred at the same time.

The system may include a control device that may be configured to control the portion of thermal energy transferred from the solar thermal collector to the geothermal collector via the first fluid and the portion of thermal energy transferred to the heat storage, for example via the second Fluid and/or via the third fluid, and optionally the portion of the thermal energy that is transmitted via the second fluid to the heat pump, for example from is transmitted to the geothermal collector and / or from the thermal solar collector to control each. The shares can be transferred at the same time.

The control device can be configured to carry out control individually for each fluid. The control can be carried out variably for the first fluid and/or for the second fluid and/or for the third fluid. The control can take place, for example, by controlling a flow stream of the first fluid and/or the second fluid and/or the third fluid. The control can take place, for example, by controlling a temperature of the first fluid and/or the second fluid and/or the third fluid. The control can take place, for example, by controlling pump powers in the respective fluid connections. The first fluid connection and/or the second fluid connection and/or the third fluid connection and/or the thermal solar collector and/or the two-connection system and/or the control device and/or the heat pump and/or the geothermal heat collector and/or the heat storage can have measurement sensors for control and/or for monitoring purposes. The control may include, for example, the control of flow rates and/or temperatures of the first and/or the second fluid and/or the third fluid. The measurement sensor system can, for example, contain brightness sensors and/or sensors for determining an electromagnetic radiation power, for example on the thermal solar collector, and/or sensors for determining an electromagnetic irradiance/intensity, for example on the thermal solar collector. The measuring sensor system can, for example, contain temperature sensors and/or sensors for determining flow flows, for example in the first and/or the second and/or the third fluid connection, in the thermal solar collector and/or the two-connection system and/or the geothermal collector. The control device can be configured, for example, to ensure compliance with ranges of sensor sizes, for example within predetermined temperature ranges, for example of the first and / or the second and / or the third fluid, the geothermal collector, the thermal solar collector, the heat pump, the heat storage and /or the first and/or the second and/or the third fluid connection. Furthermore, the control device can be configured to detect possible leaks Detect fluid connections, issue maintenance and warning instructions, and/or shut down the system or parts thereof under predefined conditions. Furthermore, control can also take place, for example, based on an electromagnetic irradiation strength/intensity. For example, the control device can be configured to control a transfer of thermal energy to the heat storage and/or to the geothermal collector and/or to the heat pump depending on an electromagnetic irradiance/intensity, for example of the thermal solar collector. For example, the control device can be configured to control pumping powers in the first and/or the second and/or the third fluid connection, and/or flow flows in the first and/or the second and/or the third fluid connection depending on an electromagnetic irradiance/intensity, for example the thermal solar collector. For example, high flow currents can be selected at high irradiance levels of the thermal solar collector, low flow currents at low irradiance levels, and no flow currents at night and/or at very low irradiance levels. Furthermore, the control device can also be configured, for example, to control the system based on weather forecasts and/or seasonal characteristics, such as seasonal climate. The control device can further contain controllers which, for example, use sensor measured values as input, for example a temperature of the heat storage, a temperature of the geothermal collector, temperatures of the first, second and / or third fluid, an outside temperature, and as a controlled variable, for example, currents of the first, second, and/or third fluids, and/or permeabilities of crossing points.

The second fluid connection may be connected to the source side of the heat pump. The second fluid can thermally connect the geothermal collector to the source side of the heat pump.

The source side of the heat pump can be understood to mean the cold side of the heat pump and/or the evaporator side of the heat pump. The source side of the heat pump may refer to the side of the heat pump that is on the heat source side. The second fluid connection can Thermally connect the geothermal collector and the source side of the heat pump. The sink side of the heat pump can be understood to mean the warm side of the heat pump and/or the condenser side of the heat pump. The sink side of the heat pump can refer to the side of the heat pump that is on the side of the heat sinks, for example a building to be heated.

The second fluid connection may further be thermally connected to the solar thermal collector and the second fluid may thermally connect the solar thermal collector, the geothermal collector and the heat pump to one another.

The second fluid can thermally connect the thermal solar collector, the geothermal collector and the heat pump to one another, for example by means of thermal convection.

The first fluid connection and the second fluid connection are each closed fluid connections. The third fluid connection can be a closed fluid connection. The first and second fluid connections are each separated from one another. The third fluid connection may be separate from the first and/or the second fluid connection.

The first and second fluid connections are separated from each other, i.e. that is, a fluid flow between the first fluid connection and the second fluid connection is excluded and/or temporarily excluded. The first and third fluid connections can be separate from one another, i.e. that is, a fluid flow between the first fluid connection and the third fluid connection can be excluded and/or temporarily excluded. The second and third fluid connections can be separate from one another, i.e. that is, a fluid flow between the second fluid connection and the third fluid connection can be excluded and/or temporarily excluded.

The thermal solar collector can be a PVT collector. The PVT collector can provide electrical energy. The electrical energy provided can preferably be used to operate the heat pump. A PVT collector is a photovoltaic thermal collector. A PVT collector is a device that can convert electromagnetic radiation into thermal energy and electrical energy and can provide thermal energy and electrical energy. The PVT collector can provide electrical energy. Transferring thermal energy from the PVT collector to the geothermal collector and/or to the heat pump and/or to the heat storage can cause cooling of the PVT collector, which can lead to increased efficiency of the PVT collector.

The average temperature of the first fluid may be higher than the average temperature of the second fluid.

The average temperature of the third fluid may be higher than the average temperature of the first fluid and the second fluid. In particular, if the second fluid thermally connects the thermal solar collector with the heat storage, the average temperature of the second fluid can also be higher than the average temperature of the first fluid. The fluid that is thermally connected to the heat storage may have the highest average temperature of the fluids.

The geothermal collector is a horizontal geothermal collector. The first fluid connection and the second fluid connection include horizontal regions below the earth's surface.

A horizontal geothermal collector can be understood as a geothermal collector that contains horizontal areas. For example, a horizontal geothermal collector may contain fluid connections with horizontal regions through which a fluid flows that can absorb and/or release thermal energy from the surroundings of the fluid connection. Horizontal regions of the fluid connection can, for example, be arranged below the earth's surface, and the fluid can, for example, absorb and/or release thermal energy from the ground in the vicinity of the fluid connection. The term “horizontal area” can refer to areas of fluid connections essentially are arranged horizontally, for example in a predetermined depth range below the earth's surface. The fluid connections can make up the geothermal collector together with the surrounding soil. Planes that are parallel to the horizon and/or essentially parallel to the horizon can also be understood as horizontal.

The use of a horizontal geothermal collector allows for a large area of interaction with the surrounding soil. Furthermore, the surrounding soil usually has a relatively homogeneous temperature due to the similar depth range. In addition, deep drilling is usually not necessary to install a horizontal geothermal collector.

The horizontal geothermal collector can contain thermal insulation. The insulation can be arranged essentially horizontally in the ground or on the surface of the ground. The insulation may preferably be arranged in a range of 30cm - 1 m above upper horizontal areas of the first fluid connection and the second fluid connection, preferably in a range of 30cm - 75cm, more preferably in a range of 40cm - 60cm.

The insulation can be arranged above the horizontal geothermal collector. The insulation can be arranged above horizontal areas of the horizontal geothermal collector. The insulation can be arranged above horizontal regions of the first fluid connection and the second fluid connection.

The thermal insulation can include drainage. The insulation may preferably be arranged in a range of 30cm - 1 m above the first fluid connection and the second fluid connection, preferably in a range of 30cm - 75cm, more preferably in a range of 40cm - 60cm. The insulation may preferably be arranged in a range of 30cm - 1m above fluid connections of the geothermal collector, preferably in a range of 30cm - 75cm, more preferably in a range of 40cm - 60cm. The geothermal collector can contain thermal insulation.

The insulation can be water-permeable and/or have water permeability. The insulation can contain clay balls, for example. A layer of clay balls can be permeable to water and biologically harmless. The isolation can contain, for example, Styrodur and/or other known insulation materials.

The thermal insulation can be suitable for not changing the consistency of the soil and/or only insignificantly, for example due to water permeability.

The thermal insulation can, for example, be arranged below the frost line, i.e. H. for example at a depth of at least 80cm below the earth's surface.

The horizontal areas of the second fluid connection in the horizontal geothermal collector can be arranged above the horizontal areas of the first fluid connection. The horizontal areas of the second fluid connection can be spaced from horizontal areas of the first fluid connection in the depth direction in a distance range of 20cm - 1.5m, preferably in a distance range of 30cm - 1m, more preferably in a distance range of 30cm - 70cm, even more preferably in a distance range of 40cm - 60cm.

In cases where the average temperature of the first fluid is higher than that of the second fluid, such a configuration can reduce thermal energy losses. The fluid connection with the lower average temperature in the geothermal collector can be arranged above the fluid connection with the higher average temperature in the geothermal collector, i.e. H. their horizontal areas can be arranged above the horizontal areas of the fluid temperature with the higher average temperature, for example within the distance ranges specified above.

The horizontal regions of the first and second fluid connections can also be arranged in a similar depth range, and, for example, can be arranged next to one another.

Areas of the first fluid connection and areas of the second fluid connection of the horizontal geothermal collector can be arranged horizontally in a depth range of 1 m - 3 m below the earth's surface, preferably in a depth range of 1.25 m - 2.5 m. The horizontal areas of the first fluid connection and the second fluid connection of the horizontal geothermal collector can be arranged horizontally in a depth range of 1 m - 3 m below the earth's surface, preferably in a depth range of 1.25 m - 2.5 m. The horizontal regions of the first fluid connection and the second fluid connection of the horizontal geothermal collector can be arranged horizontally at a depth of, for example, approximately 1.80 m below the earth's surface. For example, the temperature of the unheated/unheated ground, i.e. the ground that is not contained in a geothermal collector, at a depth of 1.4 m at the beginning of the heating period in Germany is usually approximately between 12 and 13 degrees Celsius. In the geothermal collector, for example, temperatures of around 20 degrees Celsius can be achieved. The ground or the geothermal collector can represent a rich source of heat for operating a heat pump.

The horizontal geothermal collector may have an area of less than 100% of the building area of a building connected to the heat pump, preferably less than 75%, more preferably less than 66%.

The building can be heated by the heat pump/supplied with thermal energy by the heat pump. Due to the flexible and independent transfer of thermal energy to the geothermal collector, the present disclosure enables the heating of a building during the entire heating period using a corresponding heat pump, even with such an area dimensioning of the horizontal geothermal collector. The present disclosure is therefore also suitable for smaller properties, such as those found in urban and metropolitan environments.

The geothermal collector may contain clayey soil.

The first and second fluid connections may be surrounded by clayey soil in areas. Pipes and/or lines of the first and second fluid connections may be surrounded by clayey soil in areas. Clay-rich soil is particularly suitable for use in a geothermal collector. For other floor types, the dimensioning of the Geothermal collector/the construction of the geothermal collector must be adapted accordingly.

The first fluid connection and the second fluid connection may each contain a material that has a heat conduction coefficient of above 0.5W/(m*K), preferably above 1W/(m*K), more preferably above 2W/( m*K), even more preferably above 5W/(m*K) or 10W/(m*K) or 20W/(m*K) or 50W/(m*K).

The first fluid connection and/or the second fluid connection and/or the third fluid connection can each contain a material and/or be made of a material that has a heat conduction coefficient of above 0.5 W/(m*K), preferably above of 1W/(m*K), more preferably above 2W/(m*K), even more preferably above 5W/(m*K) or 10W/(m*K) or 20W/(m*K ) or 50W/(m*K). Pipes and/or lines of the first fluid connection and/or the second fluid connection and/or the third fluid connection can each contain a material and/or be made of a material that has a heat conduction coefficient of above 0.5 W/(m*K) preferably above 1W/(m*K), more preferably above 2W/(m*K), even more preferably above 5W/(m*K) or 10W/(m*K) or 20W /(m*K) or 50W/(m*K). A high heat conduction coefficient enables good heat to be given off and absorbed into/from the geothermal collector.

Thus, a high heat conduction coefficient may reduce the area requirement for the geothermal collector and/or increase the heat charge of the geothermal collector/the amount of thermal energy transferred to the geothermal collector.

The first fluid connection and the second fluid connection can each contain a metal. The first fluid connection and the second fluid connection may preferably contain a corrosion-resistant alloy.

The first fluid connection and/or the second fluid connection and/or the third fluid connection can each contain/be made of a metal. The metal can be, for example, copper and/or aluminum. The first Fluid connection and/or the second fluid connection and/or the third fluid connection may preferably contain a corrosion-resistant alloy and/or be made of a corrosion-resistant alloy. The alloy can contain, for example, copper and/or aluminum. The use of metals and/or alloys can have the advantage that heat can be given off and/or absorbed better, for example into/from the ground. For example, PE pipes can also be used.

According to one embodiment, a method for operating a system according to one of the embodiments includes providing thermal energy from the thermal solar collector, simultaneously transferring thermal energy from the thermal solar collector to the geothermal collector and thermal energy to the heat pump, and / or simultaneously transferring thermal energy from the thermal Solar collector to the geothermal collector and to the heat storage.

According to one embodiment, a method for operating a system according to one of the embodiments may include providing thermal energy from the solar thermal collector, and may include simultaneously transferring thermal energy from the solar thermal collector to the geothermal collector and/or to the heat pump.

According to one embodiment, a method for operating a system according to one of the embodiments may include providing thermal energy from the thermal solar collector, and simultaneously charging the geothermal collector with thermal energy from the thermal solar collector and simultaneously transferring thermal energy to the heat pump, and/or simultaneously charging the geothermal collector Thermal energy from the thermal solar collector and simultaneously transferring thermal energy from the thermal solar collector to the heat storage.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figures 2a, 2b and 2c show three possible operating modes of the exemplary embodiment from Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figures 4a and 4b show two variants of the exemplary embodiment from Figure 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference is made below to exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numerals will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or similar entities. In addition, in connection with a specific embodiment, e.g. B. the explained features and technical effects shown in FIG. 1 also apply to all other embodiments, unless otherwise described. Unless otherwise specified, features and effects of various embodiments may be appropriately combined.

1 shows an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 1 shows a system comprising a heat pump WP, a geothermal collector EWK, a thermal solar collector TSK, a two-connection system that contains a first fluid in a first fluid connection FV1 and a second fluid in a second fluid connection FV2. The first fluid connection FV1 is connected to the thermal solar collector TSK and the geothermal collector EWK and the first fluid thermally connects the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK. In other words: The thermal solar collector TSK is thermally coupled to the geothermal collector EWK through the first fluid.

The second fluid connection FV2 is connected to the geothermal collector and the heat pump and the second fluid thermally connects the geothermal collector to the heat pump.

The thermal solar collector TSK is configured to provide and/or release thermal energy. The geothermal collector EWK is configured to provide and/or release thermal energy and is configured to absorb thermal energy. The system of Figure 1 is configured to simultaneously receive thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to transfer the geothermal energy collector EWK and to transfer heat energy to the heat pump WP.

The system of Figure 1 can be configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK and to transmit thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat pump WP. The system of Figure 1 can be configured to simultaneously transfer heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK and to transfer heat energy from the geothermal collector EWK to the heat pump WP. The system of Figure 1 can enable simultaneous operation of the heat pump WP and charging and/or regeneration of the geothermal collector EWK.

The system of Figure 1 can also contain a heat storage WS. The heat storage WS can be thermally connected to the warm side of the heat pump/the sink side of the heat pump, for example via another fluid and its conventional flow and heat exchanger on the sink side of the heat pump and on the heat storage. The heat storage can be thermally connected to the thermal solar collector, for example by means of a fluid, for example the second fluid in the second fluid connection FV2 can thermally connect the thermal solar collector to the heat storage.

The second fluid connection FV2 can further be connected to the thermal solar collector TSK and the heat storage WS and the second fluid can thermally connect the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat storage WS. The heat storage WS can contain, for example, a water tank and/or a fluid tank, for example an insulated water tank/insulated fluid tank. The heat storage WS can, for example, be heated/supplied with heat energy by the heat pump WP.

The heat storage WS can, for example, enable the preparation of drinking hot water via a fresh water station and can supply space heating in a building.

The heat storage WS can be a buffer storage. The heat storage WS can be used to temporarily store thermal energy. The heat storage WS can be dimensioned such that thermal energy can be stored for a certain number of days. For example, the heat storage can be a Have a storage volume of approximately 1 m ³ per 40 m ² of building area to be heated. For example, heating the heat storage on a high-radiation day can provide the heat storage with thermal energy for four low-radiation days.

The heat storage can have a target temperature. For example, depending on the temperature of the heat storage, different operating modes can be selected, which are described below, for example with reference to Figures 2a, 2b and 2c. The heat storage is not the same as the geothermal collector, but is different from the geothermal collector.

The arrow between the heat pump WP and the heat storage WS indicates a possible transfer of thermal energy from the heat pump WP to the heat storage WS. The crossing points 110 are marked by circles and can be controlled, for example by means of locking slides. The fluid flow into a crossing point may flow entirely into one of the connections connected to the crossing point, or may flow in equal or different parts into several of the connections connected to the respective crossing point. At line jump 120, the corresponding connections are not connected to one another. The connection 130 may be optional. The connection 130 can enable a decoupling of the connection from the heat storage WS to the thermal solar collector TSK on one side and from the heat pump WP to the geothermal collector on the other side. In such a case, the two connections (heat storage WS with thermal solar collector TSK and heat pump WP with geothermal collector) can be completely or partially separated, i.e. that is, the fluid flow may be restricted and/or excluded.

Furthermore, an optional connection 140 can be arranged between the two connection ports of the heat pump WP, which can make it possible to direct part of the fluid flow and/or the entire fluid flow past the heat pump, for example when the heat pump WP is not in operation and/or the heat pump only a part of the fluid flow that flows through the geothermal collector WK is required. The system of Figure 1 can be configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK and to transmit thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat storage WS. The system of Figure 1 can be configured to simultaneously transfer heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK and to transfer heat energy from the geothermal collector EWK to the heat pump WP. The system of Figure 1 can be configured to simultaneously transfer heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK and to transfer heat energy from the heat pump WP to the heat storage WS. The system of Figure 1 can be configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK and to transmit thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat pump WP. The system of Figure 1 can be configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK and to transmit thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat storage WS and to the heat pump WP. Possible further combinations of processes that can take place simultaneously will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The transfer of heat energy from the geothermal collector to the heat pump and from the heat pump to the heat storage can occur simultaneously, and can, for example, be included in the operation of the heat pump.

For clarity, reference numerals and optional features may be partially or entirely omitted from the following drawings.

The solar thermal collector may be a tube collector and/or a vacuum tube collector and/or a PVT collector. The solar thermal collector can be a flat plate collector. Vacuum tube collectors usually have low heat loss at low outside temperatures and high efficiency, even at low temperatures. Therefore, tube collectors and/or vacuum tube collectors may be preferred. The fact that the first fluid thermally connects the thermal solar collector TSK with the geothermal collector EWK can mean that the first fluid flows through two heat exchangers, each on the geothermal collector EWK and on the thermal Solar collector TSK is attached, for example attached directly to it. The fact that the first fluid thermally connects the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK can mean that the thermal connection is established primarily via the first fluid, that is, for example, that no other fluid and no further heat exchangers are involved, and/or that thermal paths via other fluids and other heat exchangers can be neglected compared to the first fluid. This can apply analogously to the other thermal connections by means of a fluid, for example for the thermal connection of the thermal solar collector TSK with the heat storage WS by means of the second fluid and/or by means of the third fluid, and for the thermal connection of the geothermal collector EWK with the heat pump WP by means of the second fluid.

If the temperature of the heat storage WS falls below a predetermined threshold value, for example with sufficient solar radiation/a sufficient radiation intensity on the thermal solar collector, thermal energy can be transferred from the thermal solar collector TSK via the second fluid in the second fluid connection FV2 to the heat storage WS. In parallel/simultaneously, thermal energy can be transferred from the thermal solar collector TSK via the first fluid in the first fluid connection FV1 to the geothermal collector and the geothermal collector EWK can, for example, be charged/regenerated. If the heat energy that the thermal solar collector provides/can provide to the heat storage WS via the second fluid is not sufficient for sufficient heat transfer to the heat storage WS, the heat pump WP can additionally or alternatively be operated in order to transfer heat energy to the heat storage WS . The heat pump WP can be operated simultaneously to transfer heat energy from the thermal solar collector to the heat storage and to transfer heat energy from the thermal solar collector via the first fluid and the first fluid connection FV1 to the geothermal collector. During operation, the heat pump WP can, for example, absorb heat energy from the geothermal heat collector by means of convection flow of the second fluid in the second fluid connection FV2/withdraw heat energy from the geothermal heat collector and/or send heat energy to the heat storage transfer/hand over. In parallel/simultaneously, thermal energy can be transferred from the thermal solar collector TSK via the first fluid in the first fluid connection FV1 to the geothermal collector and the geothermal collector EWK can, for example, be charged/regenerated. The above processes can be controlled by the control device, for example.

Various possible operating modes are further explained with reference to Figures 2a-2c. Figures 2a, 2b and 2c show three possible operating modes of the system from Figure 1. In Figures 2a, 2b and 2c, possible fluid flows are indicated by arrows as examples. This information should not be understood as limiting, nor should it be understood that all fluid flows are necessarily indicated by arrows. Other fluid flows may be possible.

A first exemplary operating mode of the system from FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2a. Example fluid flows are indicated by arrows. The first fluid flows in the first fluid connection FV1, for example with a mass flow rriEWK. The first fluid transfers thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK by means of convection. At the same time, the second fluid flows in the second fluid connection FV2, for example with a mass flow mws, and transfers heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat storage WS by means of convection. In the first operating mode, the heat pump WP can be switched off, ie not in operation. The first operating mode can be selected when the solar radiation/radiation intensity on the thermal solar collector is sufficient to transfer sufficient heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK via the second fluid in the second fluid connection FV2 to the heat storage WS in order to achieve a predetermined target temperature of the heat storage WS to reach. For example, when the predetermined target temperature of the heat storage is reached, the mass flow mws can be equal to zero, that is, it is possible that there is no fluid flow between the thermal solar collector TSK and the heat storage WS, and no transfer of heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the Heat storage WS takes place by means of convection. A second exemplary operating mode of the system from FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2b. Example fluid flows are indicated by arrows. The first fluid flows in the first fluid connection FV1, for example with a mass flow rriEWK. The first fluid transfers thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK by means of convection. At the same time, the second fluid flows in the second fluid connection FV2, for example with a mass flow mwp, and transfers heat energy from the geothermal heat collector EWK to the heat pump WP by means of convection. The heat pump is switched on in the second operating mode, ie in operation. The heat pump WP transfers thermal energy to the heat storage WS (indicated by an arrow). The second operating mode can be selected if the solar radiation/radiation intensity on the thermal solar collector is not sufficient to transfer sufficient thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK via the second fluid in the second fluid connection FV2 to the heat storage WS in order to achieve a predetermined target temperature of the heat storage to reach WS. In the second operating mode, it is possible that no fluid flow takes place between the thermal solar collector TSK and the heat storage WS, and that no transfer of thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat storage WS takes place by means of convection.

A third exemplary operating mode of the system from FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2c. Example fluid flows are indicated by arrows. The first fluid flows in the first fluid connection FV1, for example with a mass flow rriEWK. The first fluid transfers thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK by means of convection. At the same time, the second fluid flows in the second fluid connection FV2, for example with a mass flow mwp, and transfers heat energy from the geothermal heat collector EWK to the heat pump WP by means of convection. At the same time, the second fluid flows in the second fluid connection FV2, for example with a mass flow mws, and transfers heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat storage WS by means of convection. The mass flow in the thermal solar collector TKS can be, for example, mws or, for example, mwp+mws. The heat pump is switched on in the third operating mode, ie in operation. The WP heat pump transfers thermal energy to the heat storage WS (indicated by an arrow). The third operating mode can be selected if the solar radiation/radiation intensity on the thermal solar collector is not sufficient to transfer sufficient thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK via the second fluid in the second fluid connection FV2 to the heat storage WS in order to achieve a predetermined target temperature of the heat storage WS to achieve, but is still sufficient to transfer a certain amount of heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK via the second fluid in the second fluid connection FV2 to the heat storage WS.

Other operating modes that differ from the first, second and third operating modes are possible. The first, second and third operating modes can, for example, be combined with one another and/or they can be modified, for example.

A control device (not shown in Figures 1, 2a, 2b, 2c) can select operating modes according to the corresponding conditions, for example based on a radiation intensity on the TSK, an outside temperature, a temperature in the geothermal collector, a temperature in the heat storage, and / or a current consumption of thermal energy, and/or based on predictions of these values. The control device can control respective pump powers in the individual fluid connections. The control device can control the permeability of intersection points. The transfer of thermal energy from the thermal solar collector to the heat storage WS by means of convection flow of the second fluid can be compared to the transfer of thermal energy from the thermal solar collector to the geothermal collector by means of convection flow of the first fluid and compared to the operation of the heat pump WP/the transfer of thermal energy from the geothermal collector EWK to the heat pump by means of convection flow of the second fluid may be preferred, i.e. H. Higher priority can be given to the transfer of heat energy from the thermal solar collector to the heat storage WS by means of convection flow of the second fluid.

3 shows an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 3 shows a system comprising a heat pump WP, a geothermal collector EWK, a thermal solar collector TSK, a two-connection system that contains a first fluid in a first fluid connection FV1, a second fluid in a second fluid connection FV2, and a third fluid in a third fluid connection FV3. The first fluid connection FV1 is connected to the thermal solar collector TSK and the geothermal collector EWK and the first fluid thermally connects the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK. In other words: The thermal solar collector TSK is thermally coupled to the geothermal collector EWK through the first fluid.

The second fluid connection is connected to the geothermal collector and the heat pump and the second fluid thermally connects the geothermal collector to the heat pump.

The thermal solar collector TSK is configured to provide and/or release thermal energy. The geothermal collector EWK is configured to provide and/or release thermal energy and is configured to absorb thermal energy. The system of Figure 3 is configured to simultaneously transfer heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK and to transfer heat energy to the heat pump WP.

The system of Figure 3 can be configured to simultaneously transfer heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK and to transfer heat energy from the geothermal collector EWK to the heat pump WP. The system of Figure 3 can enable simultaneous operation of the heat pump WP and charging and/or regeneration of the geothermal collector EWK.

The system of Figure 3 can also contain a heat storage WS. The heat storage WS can be thermally connected to the warm side of the heat pump/the sink side of the heat pump, for example via another fluid and its conventional flow and heat exchanger on the sink side of the heat pump and on the heat storage. The heat storage can be thermally connected to the thermal solar collector, for example by means of a fluid, for example the third fluid in the third fluid connection FV3 can thermally connect the thermal solar collector to the heat storage. The third fluid connection FV3 can be connected to the thermal solar collector TSK and the heat storage WS and the third fluid can thermally connect the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat storage WS.

The heat storage WS can contain, for example, a water tank and/or a fluid tank, for example an insulated water tank/insulated fluid tank. The heat storage WS can be heated, for example, by the heat pump WP.

The heat storage WS can be a buffer storage. The heat storage WS can be used to temporarily store heat. The heat storage WS can be dimensioned such that heat can be stored for a certain number of days. For example, the heat storage can have a storage volume of approximately 1 m ³ per 40 m ² of building area to be heated. For example, heating the heat storage on a high-radiation day can provide the heat storage with thermal energy for four low-radiation days.

The heat storage can have a target temperature. For example, depending on the temperature of the heat storage, different operating modes can be selected, which are explained below. The heat storage is not the same as the geothermal collector, but is different from the geothermal collector.

The arrow between the heat pump WP and the heat storage WS indicates a possible transfer of thermal energy from the heat pump WP to the heat storage WS.

The system of Figure 3 can be configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK and to transmit thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat storage WS. The system of Figure 3 can be configured to simultaneously transfer heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK and to transfer heat energy from the geothermal collector EWK to the heat pump WP. The system of Figure 3 can be configured to simultaneously transmit heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the Geothermal heat collector EWK to be transferred and thermal energy to be transferred from the heat pump WP to the heat storage WS. The system of Figure 3 can be configured to simultaneously transfer heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK and at the same time to transfer heat energy from the geothermal collector EWK to the heat pump WP and / or at the same time to transfer heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat storage WS transferred to. Possible further combinations of processes that can take place simultaneously will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The transfer of thermal energy from the geothermal collector to the heat pump and from the heat pump to the heat storage can take place simultaneously.

The solar thermal collector may be a tube collector and/or a vacuum tube collector and/or a PVT collector. The solar thermal collector can be a flat plate collector. Vacuum tube collectors usually have low heat loss at low outside temperatures and high efficiency, even at low temperatures. Therefore, tube collectors and/or vacuum tube collectors may be preferred. The fact that the first fluid thermally connects the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK can mean that the first fluid flows through two heat exchangers, each of which is attached to the geothermal collector EWK and the thermal solar collector TSK, for example attached directly to it. The fact that the first fluid thermally connects the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK can mean that the thermal connection is established primarily via the first fluid, i.e. that, for example, no other fluid and no further heat exchangers are involved, and/or that thermal paths via other fluids and other heat exchangers can be neglected compared to the first fluid. This can apply analogously to the other thermal connections by means of a fluid, for example for the thermal connection of the thermal solar collector TSK with the heat storage WS by means of the third fluid, and for the thermal connection of the geothermal collector EWK with the heat pump WP by means of the second fluid.

If the temperature of the heat storage WS falls below a predetermined threshold value, for example, with sufficient solar radiation/one sufficient radiation intensity on the thermal solar collector, thermal energy is transferred from the thermal solar collector TSK via the third fluid in the third fluid connection FV3 to the heat storage WS. In parallel/simultaneously, thermal energy can be transferred from the thermal solar collector TSK via the first fluid in the first fluid connection FV1 to the geothermal collector and the geothermal collector EWK can, for example, be charged/regenerated. If the heat energy that the thermal solar collector provides/can provide to the heat storage WS via the third fluid is not sufficient for sufficient heat transfer to the heat storage WS, the heat pump WP can additionally or alternatively be operated in order to transfer heat energy to the heat storage WS . The heat pump WP can be operated simultaneously to transfer heat energy from the thermal solar collector to the heat storage, for example by means of the third fluid, and to transfer heat energy from the thermal solar collector via the first fluid and the first fluid connection FV1 to the geothermal collector. During operation, the heat pump WP can, for example, absorb thermal energy from the geothermal collector/withdraw thermal energy from the geothermal collector by means of convection flow of the second fluid in the second fluid connection FV2. In parallel/simultaneously, thermal energy can be transferred from the thermal solar collector TSK via the first fluid in the first fluid connection FV1 to the geothermal collector and the geothermal collector EWK can thus be charged/regenerated.

Figure 4a shows a variant of the system from Figure 3, in which the second fluid connection is further connected to the thermal solar collector and the second fluid thermally connects the thermal solar collector TSK with the heat pump WP and the geothermal collector EWK. This enables heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to be transferred directly to the heat pump WP via the second fluid in the second fluid connection FV2. 4b shows a variant of the system from FIG can have. Furthermore, Figures 4a and 4b can Connections 130 and 140 and the crossing points 110, for example analogous to FIG. 1, as appropriately applicable, for example included in the second fluid connection FV2.

The crossing points 110 in FIG. 4b are indicated by circles. The crossing points 110 can be controlled, for example by means of locking slides. The fluid flow into a crossing point may flow entirely into one of the connections connected to the crossing point, or may flow in equal or different parts into several of the connections connected to the respective crossing point. The connection 130 may be optional. The connection 130 may allow only a portion of the fluid flowing through the heat pump to flow through the solar thermal collector TSK, thereby reducing the portion/amount of thermal energy passed through the second fluid in the second fluid connection from the solar thermal collector TSK is transmitted to the heat pump WP and/or the geothermal collector EWK and can be controlled.

The above statements, in particular those relating to FIG. 3, also apply analogously to FIGS. 4a and 4b, if applicable.

The systems of Figures 4a and 4b can be configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK and to transmit thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat storage WS and/or to the heat pump WP. The systems of Figures 4a and 4b can be configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK and to transmit thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat pump WP.

Various possible operating modes of the embodiments shown in Figures 3, 4a and 4b are explained below. The comments on Figures 2a, 2b and 2c apply analogously unless otherwise stated. The following information should not be construed as limiting, nor should it be understood that all fluid flows are necessarily specified. Other fluid flows may be possible. In a first exemplary operating mode, the first fluid flows in the first fluid connection FV1. The first fluid transfers thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK by means of convection. At the same time, the third fluid flows in the third fluid connection FV3 and transfers heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat storage WS by means of convection. In the first operating mode, the heat pump WP can be switched off, ie not in operation. The first operating mode can be selected when the solar radiation/radiation intensity on the thermal solar collector is sufficient to transfer sufficient heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK via the third fluid in the third fluid connection FV3 to the heat storage WS in order to achieve a predetermined target temperature of the heat storage WS to reach. For example, when the predetermined target temperature of the heat storage is reached, the mass flow at the heat storage can be equal to zero, that is, it is possible that there is no fluid flow between the thermal solar collector TSK and the heat storage WS, and no transfer of thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat storage WS by means of convection.

In a second exemplary operating mode, the first fluid flows in the first fluid connection FV1. The first fluid transfers thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK by means of convection. At the same time, the second fluid flows in the second fluid connection FV2 and transfers heat energy from the geothermal collector EWK to the heat pump WP by means of convection. The heat pump is switched on in the second operating mode, ie in operation. The heat pump WP transfers thermal energy to the heat storage WS (indicated by an arrow in FIGS. 3, 4a and 4b). The second operating mode can be selected if the solar radiation/radiation intensity on the thermal solar collector is not sufficient to transfer sufficient heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK via the third fluid in the third fluid connection FV3 to the heat storage WS in order to achieve a predetermined target temperature of the heat storage to reach WS. In the second operating mode, it is possible that there is no fluid flow between the thermal solar collector TSK and the heat storage WS, and that none Transfer of heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat storage WS takes place by means of convection.

In a third exemplary operating mode, the first fluid flows in the first fluid connection FV1. The first fluid transfers thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the geothermal collector EWK by means of convection. At the same time, the second fluid flows in the second fluid connection FV2 and transfers heat energy from the geothermal collector EWK to the heat pump WP by means of convection. At the same time, the third fluid flows in the third fluid connection FV3 and transfers heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK to the heat storage WS by means of convection. The heat pump is switched on in the third operating mode, i.e. H. in operation. The heat pump WP transfers thermal energy to the heat storage WS (indicated by an arrow). The third operating mode can be selected if the solar radiation/radiation intensity on the thermal solar collector is not sufficient to transfer sufficient thermal energy from the thermal solar collector TSK via the third fluid in the third fluid connection FV3 to the heat storage WS in order to achieve a predetermined target temperature of the heat storage WS to achieve, but is still sufficient to transfer a certain amount of heat energy from the thermal solar collector TSK via the third fluid in the third fluid connection FV3 to the heat storage WS.

A control device (not shown in Figures 3, 4a, 4b) can select operating modes according to the corresponding conditions, for example based on a radiation intensity on the TSK, an outside temperature, a temperature in the geothermal collector, a temperature in the heat storage, and / or a current consumption of thermal energy, and/or based on predictions of these values. The transfer of thermal energy from the thermal solar collector to the heat storage WS by means of convection flow of the third fluid can be compared to the transfer of thermal energy from the thermal solar collector to the geothermal collector by means of convection flow of the first fluid and compared to the operation of the heat pump WP/the transfer of thermal energy from the geothermal collector EWK to the heat pump by means of convection flow of the second fluid may be preferred, ie it can be transferred of heat energy from the thermal solar collector to the heat storage WS by means of convection flow of the third fluid can be given a higher priority.

The terms “thermal energy” and “thermal energy” and “heat” are used interchangeably throughout this disclosure unless otherwise stated. The terms “heating”/“heating” and “transferring thermal energy” are used interchangeably within the scope of this disclosure unless otherwise stated.

Throughout the specification, including the claims, the term "comprising/including one" is to be understood as a synonym for "comprising/including at least one" unless otherwise stated. Furthermore, each range specified in the description, including the claims, is to be understood as including its final value(s), unless otherwise stated. Specific values for elements described should be understood to be within accepted manufacturing or industry tolerances known to one skilled in the art, and any use of the terms "substantially" and/or "approximately" and/or "generally" should understood to be within these accepted tolerances. Although the present disclosure has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments, these embodiments are intended merely to illustrate the principles and applications of the present disclosure.

It is intended that the description and examples be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

Reference to a patent document or other document described as prior art shall not be construed as an admission that the document or other subject matter was known or that the information contained therein was common knowledge at the time of priority of any of the claims belonged.

Claims

EXPECTATIONS

1. System comprising:

A heat pump (WP), a geothermal collector (EWK), a thermal solar collector (TSK), a two-connection system, wherein the two-connection system contains a first fluid in a first fluid connection (FV1) and a second fluid in a second fluid connection (FV2), wherein the first fluid connection (FV1) is connected to the thermal solar collector (TSK) and the geothermal collector (EWK) and the first fluid thermally connects the thermal solar collector (TSK) to the geothermal collector (EWK), wherein the second fluid connection (FV2) to the geothermal collector ( EWK) and the heat pump (WP) and the second fluid thermally connects the geothermal collector (EWK) to the heat pump (WP), wherein the thermal solar collector (TSK) is configured to provide thermal energy, wherein the geothermal collector (EWK) is configured to do so is to provide thermal energy, and is configured to receive thermal energy, and wherein the system is configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the solar thermal collector (TSK) to the geothermal collector (EWK) and transfer thermal energy to the heat pump (WP), wherein the first fluid connection (FV1) and the second fluid connection (FV2) each contain a fluid connection circuit, the first fluid connection (FV1) and the second fluid connection (FV2) each being closed fluid connections, the first (FV1) and the second fluid connection (FV2) are each separated from each other, wherein the geothermal collector (EWK) is a horizontal geothermal collector, and wherein the first fluid connection (FV1) and the second fluid connection (FV2) contain horizontal areas below the earth's surface.

2. System according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a heat storage (WS), wherein the heat storage (WS) is thermally connected to the sink side of the heat pump (WP), wherein the thermal solar collector (TSK) is thermally connected to the heat storage (WS). is connected, wherein the system is configured to simultaneously transfer thermal energy from the thermal solar collector (TSK) to the geothermal collector (EWK) and to the heat storage (WS).

3. System according to claim 2, wherein a fluid thermally connects the thermal solar collector (TSK) to the heat storage (WS).

4. System according to one of claims 2 and 3, wherein the second fluid connection (FV2) is further connected to the thermal solar collector (TSK) and the heat storage (WS) and the second fluid connects the thermal solar collector (TSK) to the heat storage (WS) thermally connects, or wherein the two-connection system further contains a third fluid in a third fluid connection (FV3) and wherein the third fluid connection (FV3) is connected to the thermal solar collector (TSK) and the heat storage (WS) and the third fluid connects the thermal solar collector ( TSK) thermally connects to the heat storage (WS).

5. System according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the system further comprises a control device configured to control the proportion of thermal energy transferred from the solar thermal collector (TSK) via the first fluid to the geothermal collector (EWK), and to control the proportion of thermal energy that is transferred to the heat pump (WP) via the second fluid.

6. System according to one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the system comprises a control device configured to control the proportion of thermal energy transferred from the solar thermal collector (TSK) to the geothermal collector (EWK) via the first fluid, and to control the proportion of thermal energy that is transferred to the heat storage.

7. System according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second fluid connection (FV2) is connected to the source side of the heat pump (WP), and wherein the second fluid thermally connects the geothermal collector (EWK) to the source side of the heat pump (WP).

8. System according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the second fluid connection (FV2) is further thermally connected to the thermal solar collector (TSK) and the second fluid the thermal solar collector (TSK), the geothermal collector (EWK) and the heat pump (WP ) thermally connects to each other.

9. System according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the thermal solar collector (TSK) is a PVT collector, the PVT collector providing electrical energy, the electrical energy provided preferably being used to operate the heat pump (WP).

10. The system of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the average temperature of the first fluid is higher than the average temperature of the second fluid.

11. System according to claims 1 to 10, wherein the horizontal geothermal collector (EWK) contains thermal insulation, the insulation being arranged essentially horizontally in the ground or on the surface of the ground, the insulation preferably in a range of 30cm - 1 m above upper horizontal areas of the first fluid connection and the second Fluid connection is arranged, preferably in a range of 30cm - 75cm, more preferably in a range of 40cm - 60cm.

12. System according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the horizontal areas of the second fluid connection in the horizontal geothermal collector are arranged above the horizontal areas of the first fluid connection, and wherein the horizontal areas of the second fluid connection are separated from horizontal areas of the first fluid connection in the depth direction in a Distance range of 20cm - 1.5m are spaced apart, preferably in a distance range of 30cm - 1 m, more preferably in a distance range of 30cm - 70cm, even more preferably in a distance range of 40cm - 60cm.

13. System according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein areas of the first fluid connection and areas of the second fluid connection of the horizontal geothermal collector (EWK) are arranged horizontally in a depth range of 1 m - 3 m below the earth's surface, preferably in a depth range of 1.25 m - 2.5m.

14. System according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the horizontal geothermal collector (EWK) has an area of less than 100% of the building area of a building connected to the heat pump (WP), preferably less than 75%, more preferably less than 66% .

15. System according to one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the geothermal collector (EWK) contains clay-containing soil.

16. System according to one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the first fluid connection (FV1) and the second fluid connection (FV2) each contain a material which has a heat conduction coefficient of above 0.5W/(m*K), preferably above of 1W/(m*K), more preferably above 2W/(m*K), even more preferably above 5W/(m*K) or 10W/(m*K) or 20W/(m*K ) or 50W/(m*K).

17. System according to one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the first fluid connection (FV1) and the second fluid connection (FV2) each contain a metal, the first fluid connection (FV1) and the second fluid connection (FV2) preferably containing a corrosion-resistant alloy.

18. Method for operating a system according to claims 1 to

17, wherein the method includes:

Providing thermal energy from the thermal solar collector (TSK), simultaneously transferring thermal energy from the thermal

Solar collector (TSK) to the geothermal collector (EWK) and thermal energy to the heat pump (WP); and/or simultaneous transfer of thermal energy from the thermal solar collector (TSK) to the geothermal collector (EWK) and to the heat storage (WS).