WO2024001619A1

WO2024001619A1 - Wavelength selective switch, beam transmission direction scheduling method, and optical switching node

Info

Publication number: WO2024001619A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/095991
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈瑞山; 李健雄; 高洪君
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2022-06-30
Filing date: 2023-05-24
Publication date: 2024-01-04
Also published as: CN117369054A

Abstract

A wavelength selective switch, a beam transmission direction scheduling method, and an optical switching node, which are applied to an optical network. The optical network comprises an optical switching node of a ROADM or an OXC. The optical switching node mainly schedules a beam transmission direction by means of a wavelength selective switch, for reducing insertion loss in a beam deflection process. First optical switching engines (211, 402, 422, 502, 522, 611, 708, 718, 721, 731, 811) of the wavelength selective switch are used for deflecting a plurality of sub-beams (231, 232, 403, 411, 421, 503, 521, 702, 712, 725, 735) to obtain a plurality of deflected sub-beams (233, 234, 406, 412, 426, 506, 526, 704, 714, 726, 736), a deflection angle (407, 413, 427, 507, 527, 706, 727, 737) being formed between each deflected sub-beam (233, 234, 406, 412, 426, 506, 526, 704, 714, 726, 736) and the normal line (408, 425, 508, 528, 706) of each first optical switching engine (211, 402, 422, 502, 522, 611, 708, 718, 721, 731, 811), wherein the plurality of sub-beams (231, 232, 403, 411, 421, 503, 521, 702, 712, 725, 735) comprise first sub-beams (403, 421, 503, 521), and the absolute values of first deflection angles (407, 427, 507, 527) corresponding to the deflected first sub-beams (406, 426, 506, 526) are not less than the absolute value of a deflection angle corresponding to any other sub-beam. First included angles (405, 423, 505, 523) are formed between the deflected first sub-beams (406, 426, 506, 526) and the first sub-beams (403, 421, 503, 521), and the absolute value of the first deflection angle is less than the absolute value of the first included angle.

Description

Wavelength selective switch, beam transmission direction scheduling method and optical switching node

This application requests the priority of the Chinese patent application submitted to the State Intellectual Property Office of China on June 30, 2022, with the application number 202210762768.7 and the application name "Wavelength Selective Switch, Scheduling Method for Beam Transmission Direction and Optical Switching Node", which The entire contents are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

The present application relates to the field of optical fiber communications, and in particular to a wavelength selective switch, a scheduling method for light beam transmission directions, and an optical switching node.

Background technique

In the process of transmitting optical information in optical networks using technologies such as wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), the scheduling of the optical information transmission direction can be completed through optical switching nodes. Optical switching nodes mainly perform wavelength-level transmission direction scheduling through wavelength selective switching (WSS). WSS is based on the optical switching engine to achieve deflection of the optical signal transmission direction. WSS may include N input ports and M output ports, where N is any positive integer not less than 1, and M is any positive integer greater than 1. The optical switching engine can cross-transmit optical signals from any input port to any output port.

As the cross-dimensional dimension of the optical switching engine increases, the number of input ports and output ports included in the WSS increases, and the maximum deflection angle of the optical signal emitted from the optical switching engine will also become larger and larger. The greater the maximum deflection angle of the optical signal emitted from the optical switching engine, the greater the insertion loss of the WSS, and the more serious the degradation of the optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR).

Contents of the invention

This application provides a wavelength selective switch, a beam transmission direction scheduling method and an optical switching node, which are used to reduce the maximum deflection angle of the optical signal emitted from the optical switching engine to reduce the insertion loss of the wavelength selective switch.

The first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a wavelength selective switch, including an input port, a first dispersion unit, a first optical switching engine, a second optical switching engine, a second dispersion unit and an output port array; the input port is to send a first beam to the first dispersion unit; the first dispersion unit is used to decompose the first beam to obtain multiple sub-beams; and the first optical switching engine is used to deflect the multiple sub-beams to obtain There are multiple deflected sub-beams, each deflected sub-beam has a deflection angle with the normal line of the first optical exchange engine, wherein the multiple sub-beams include the first sub-beam, and the deflected third sub-beam The absolute value of the first deflection angle corresponding to one sub-beam is not less than the absolute value of the deflection angle corresponding to any other sub-beam; there is a first included angle between the deflected first sub-beam and the first sub-beam. , the absolute value of the first deflection angle is less than the absolute value of the first included angle; the second optical switching engine is used to deflect the multi-channel deflected sub-beams to the second dispersion unit; The second dispersion unit is used to combine the multiple deflected sub-beams to obtain a second beam; the output port array is used to output the second beam.

The use of the wavelength selective switch shown in this aspect effectively reduces the insertion loss in the process of deflecting multiple sub-beams by the first optical switching engine, and reduces the insertion loss in the process of deflecting multiple deflected sub-beams by the second optical switching engine. Loss, while reducing the insertion loss introduced by the two optical switching engines, reduces the overall insertion loss of the wavelength selective switch and improves the OSNR of the wavelength selective switch.

Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the first optical switching engine is a transmission type, and the first included angle is an extension of the deflected first sub-beam and the first sub-beam. acute angle between lines.

Using this implementation method, when the first optical switching engine is of the transmissive type, the absolute value of the first deflection angle is smaller than the absolute value of the first included angle, so as to ensure that the first optical switching engine can successfully When a sub-beam is transmitted to the target output port, the insertion loss of the first optical switching engine deflecting the first sub-beam can also be reduced.

Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the first optical switching engine is reflective, and the first included angle is between the deflected first sub-beam and the first sub-beam. of acute angles.

Using this implementation method, when the first optical switching engine is reflective, the absolute value of the first deflection angle is smaller than the absolute value of the first included angle, so as to ensure that the first optical switching engine can successfully When a sub-beam is transmitted to the target output port, the insertion loss of the first optical switching engine deflecting the first sub-beam can also be reduced.

Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the absolute value of the first deflection angle is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the first included angle and the pretilt angle, and the pretilt angle is the first deflection angle. An acute angle between the sub-beam and the normal line of the first light exchange engine.

Using this implementation method, the pretilt angle, the first deflection angle and the first included angle of the first optical switching engine satisfy that the absolute value of the first deflection angle is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the first included angle and the pretilt angle. conditions to ensure that the absolute value of the first deflection angle is smaller than the absolute value of the first included angle, thereby effectively reducing the insertion loss introduced during the deflection of the first sub-beam by the first optical switching engine.

Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the absolute value of the pretilt angle is less than the absolute value of the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle; each of the deflected sub-beams is A corresponding included angle is emitted from the first optical switching engine, and the first included angle corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam is greater than the absolute value of the included angle corresponding to any other sub-beam; the multiplexer The light beam includes a second sub-beam. The second sub-beam is deflected by the first optical exchange engine and becomes a deflected second sub-beam. The deflected second sub-beam corresponds to the second included angle. The absolute value of is not greater than the absolute value of the angle corresponding to any other sub-beam.

Using this implementation method, when the absolute value of the pretilt angle is smaller than the absolute value of the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle, deflection of the first sub-beam by the first optical switching engine can be minimized Insertion loss introduced.

Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the absolute value of the pretilt angle is not less than 0.4 times the absolute value of the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle, and the pretilt angle The absolute value of the inclination angle is not greater than 0.6 times the absolute value of the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle.

Using this implementation method effectively ensures the balance of insertion loss of multiple sub-beams deflected by the first optical switching engine. When the first optical switching engine ensures the balance of insertion loss of deflected multi-path sub-beams, the overall insertion loss introduced by the first optical switching engine can be reduced as much as possible.

Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the wavelength selective switch further includes a third dispersion unit and a fourth dispersion unit; the third dispersion unit is used to combine the multiple deflected sub-beams. to obtain the intermediate beam; the fourth dispersion unit is used to decompose the intermediate beam to obtain multiple intermediate sub-beams; the second optical exchange engine is used to deflect the multiple intermediate sub-beams to obtain multiple deflected The intermediate sub-beam has an intermediate deflection angle between each deflected intermediate sub-beam and the normal line of the second optical exchange engine, wherein the multiple intermediate sub-beams include a third sub-beam, and the deflected intermediate sub-beam The absolute value of the second deflection angle corresponding to the third sub-beam is not less than the absolute value of the intermediate deflection angle corresponding to any other intermediate sub-beam; there is a third sub-beam between the deflected third sub-beam and the third sub-beam. Three included angles, the absolute value of the second deflection angle is smaller than the absolute value of the third included angle; the second dispersion unit is used to combine the multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams to obtain the second beam.

Using this implementation method, both the first optical switching engine and the second optical switching engine included in the wavelength selective switch can reduce Low introduced insertion loss, thus effectively reducing the overall insertion loss of the wavelength selective switch.

Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the wavelength selective switch includes an input port array, the input port array includes N ports, the input port is one of the N ports, and the N is any positive integer not less than 1.

Using this implementation method, the sub-beam from any input port of the input port array can be deflected to any output port included in the output port array to achieve arbitrary scheduling of the sub-beam transmission direction.

The second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a method for scheduling a light beam transmission direction. The method is applied to a wavelength selective switch. The wavelength selective switch includes an input port, a first dispersion unit, a first optical switching engine, a second optical switching engine, and an input port. A switching engine, a second dispersion unit and an output port array. The method includes: sending a first light beam to the first dispersion unit through the input port; decomposing the first light beam through the first dispersion unit to obtain multiple Path sub-beams; deflect the multiple paths of sub-beams through the first optical switching engine to obtain multiple paths of deflected sub-beams, each deflected sub-beam has a deflection between the normal line of the first optical switching engine Angle, wherein the multiple sub-beams include a first sub-beam, and the absolute value of the first deflection angle corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam is not less than the absolute value of the deflection angle corresponding to any other sub-beam; after the deflection There is a first included angle between the first sub-beam and the first sub-beam, and the absolute value of the first deflection angle is less than the absolute value of the first included angle; the second optical switching engine converts all The multiple deflected sub-beams are deflected to the second dispersion unit; the multiple deflected sub-beams are combined by the second dispersion unit to obtain the second beam; and the output port array is used to output the Second beam.

For the process of the wavelength selective switch shown in this aspect performing the scheduling method of the beam transmission direction, please refer to any one of the above-mentioned first aspects. For the specific execution process and the description of the beneficial effects, please refer to the first aspect. Specific details are not included. Repeat.

Based on the second aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the first optical switching engine is a transmission type, and the first included angle is an extension of the deflected first sub-beam and the first sub-beam. acute angle between lines.

Based on the second aspect, in an optional implementation, the first optical switching engine is reflective, and the first included angle is between the deflected first sub-beam and the first sub-beam. of acute angles.

Based on the second aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the absolute value of the first deflection angle is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the first included angle and the pretilt angle, and the pretilt angle is the first deflection angle. An acute angle between the sub-beam and the normal line of the first light exchange engine.

Based on the second aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the absolute value of the pretilt angle is less than the absolute value of the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle; each of the deflected sub-beams is A corresponding included angle is emitted from the first optical switching engine, and the first included angle corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam is greater than the absolute value of the included angle corresponding to any other sub-beam; the multiplexer The light beam includes a second sub-beam. The second sub-beam is deflected by the first optical exchange engine and becomes a deflected second sub-beam. The deflected second sub-beam corresponds to the second included angle. The absolute value of is not greater than the absolute value of the angle corresponding to any other sub-beam.

Based on the second aspect, in an optional implementation, the absolute value of the pretilt angle is not less than 0.4 times the absolute value of the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle, and the pretilt angle The absolute value of the inclination angle is not greater than 0.6 times the absolute value of the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle.

Based on the second aspect, in an optional implementation, the wavelength selective switch further includes a third dispersion unit and a fourth dispersion unit, and the second dispersion unit combines the multi-path deflected sub-wavelengths. Before the light beam is obtained to obtain the second light beam, the method further includes: combining the multiple deflected sub-beams through the third dispersion unit to obtain an intermediate light beam; decomposing the intermediate light beam through the fourth dispersion unit to obtain the second light beam. Acquire multiple intermediate sub-beams; deflect the multiple intermediate sub-beams through the second optical switching engine to obtain multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams, each deflected intermediate sub-beam communicates with the second optical switching engine There is an intermediate deflection angle between the normals, wherein the multi-path intermediate sub-beams include a third sub-beam Beam, the absolute value of the second deflection angle corresponding to the deflected third sub-beam is not less than the absolute value of the intermediate deflection angle corresponding to any other intermediate sub-beam; the deflected third sub-beam is different from the third sub-beam. There is a third included angle between the light beams, and the absolute value of the second deflection angle is smaller than the absolute value of the third included angle; the multiple-deflected sub-beams are combined by the second dispersion unit to Obtaining the second light beam includes: combining the multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams through the second dispersion unit to obtain the second light beam.

Based on the second aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the wavelength selective switch includes an input port array, the input port array includes N ports, the input port is one of the N ports, and the N is any positive integer not less than 1.

The third aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a wavelength selective switch, including: an input port, a first dispersion unit, a first beam refraction unit, a first optical switching engine, a second optical switching engine, a second dispersion unit and an output port. array; the input port is used to send a first beam to the first dispersion unit; the first dispersion unit is used to decompose the first beam to obtain multiple sub-beams; the first beam refraction unit is used to refract The multiple sub-beams are used to obtain multiple pre-refracted sub-beams, wherein the multiple sub-beams include a fourth sub-beam; the first optical exchange engine is used to deflect the multiple pre-refracted sub-beams to Obtain the multiple deflected sub-beams, and there is a third deflection angle between the deflected fourth sub-beam and the normal line of the first optical exchange engine; the first beam refraction unit is also used to refract the Multiple deflected sub-beams are used to obtain multiple refracted sub-beams. There is a fourth included angle between the refracted fourth sub-beam and the fourth sub-beam, and the absolute value of the third deflection angle is less than The absolute value of the fourth included angle; the second optical switching engine is used to deflect the multiple refracted sub-beams to the second dispersion unit; the second dispersion unit is used to combine the multiple refracted sub-beams The refracted sub-beam is passed through to obtain the second beam; the output port array is used to output the second beam.

Using the wavelength selective switch shown in this aspect, through the first beam refraction unit, the insertion loss caused by the deflection of each sub-beam by the first optical switching engine can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the overall insertion loss of the wavelength selective switch and improving the wavelength. Select the OSNR of the switch.

Based on the third aspect, in an optional implementation, the first optical switching engine is reflective, and relative to the reverse extension line of the fourth sub-beam, the deflected fourth sub-beam and the The refracted fourth sub-beams are all deflected in the same direction.

Using this implementation method, when the first optical switching engine is reflective, the first beam refraction unit can deflect the deflected fourth sub-beam and the refracted fourth sub-beam in the same direction to ensure that The deflected fourth sub-beam can be successfully transmitted to the target output port.

Based on the third aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the fourth included angle is an acute angle between the reverse extension line of the refracted fourth sub-beam and the extension line of the fourth sub-beam.

Using this implementation method, when the fourth included angle is an acute angle between the reverse extension line of the refracted fourth sub-beam and the extension line of the fourth sub-beam, it is effectively ensured that all The absolute value of the third deflection angle is smaller than the absolute value of the fourth included angle, so as to ensure that the first optical switching engine can successfully transmit the fourth sub-beam to the target output port, and the first optical switching engine can also be reduced Deflect the insertion loss of the fourth sub-beam.

Based on the third aspect, in an optional implementation, the wavelength selective switch includes a third dispersion unit, a fourth dispersion unit, a second beam refraction unit and a second optical switching engine; the third dispersion unit is used to The multiple refracted sub-beams are combined to obtain an intermediate beam; the fourth dispersion unit is used to decompose the intermediate beam to obtain multiple intermediate sub-beams; the second beam refraction unit is used to refract the multiple intermediate beams. to obtain multiple channels of pre-refracted intermediate sub-beams, wherein the multiple channels of intermediate sub-beams include a fifth sub-beam; the second optical switching engine is used to deflect the multiple channels of pre-refracted intermediate sub-beams. The sub-beam is used to obtain the multi-channel deflected intermediate sub-beam, and there is a fourth deflection angle between the deflected fifth sub-beam and the normal line of the second optical exchange engine; the second beam refraction unit also uses After refraction of the multiple deflections The intermediate sub-beam is to obtain a multi-channel refracted intermediate sub-beam. There is a fifth included angle between the refracted fifth sub-beam and the fifth sub-beam, and the absolute value of the fourth deflection angle is smaller than the fifth The absolute value of the included angle; the second dispersion unit is used to combine the multi-path refracted intermediate sub-beams to obtain the second beam.

Using this implementation method, both the first optical switching engine and the second optical switching engine included in the wavelength selective switch can reduce the introduced insertion loss, thereby effectively reducing the overall insertion loss of the wavelength selective switch.

Based on the third aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the wavelength selective switch includes an input port array, the input port array includes N ports, the input port is one of the N ports, and the N is any positive integer not less than 1.

The fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a wavelength selective switch, including: an input port, a first dispersion unit, a third beam refraction unit, a first optical switching engine, a fourth beam refraction unit, a second optical switching engine, Two dispersion units and an output port array; the input port is used to send a first beam to the first dispersion unit; the first dispersion unit is used to decompose the first beam to obtain multiple sub-beams; the third The beam refraction unit is used to refract the multiple sub-beams to obtain multiple pre-refracted sub-beams, wherein the multiple sub-beams include a sixth sub-beam; the first optical switching engine is used to deflect the multiple pre-refracted sub-beams. The refracted sub-beams are used to obtain the multi-channel deflected sub-beams, and there is a fifth deflection angle between the deflected sixth sub-beams and the normal line of the first optical exchange engine; the fourth beam refraction unit Used to refract the multiple deflected sub-beams to obtain multiple refracted sub-beams. There is a sixth included angle between the refracted sixth sub-beam and the sixth sub-beam. The fifth deflection angle The absolute value of is less than the absolute value of the sixth included angle; the second optical switching engine is used to deflect the multi-path refracted sub-beam to the second dispersion unit; the second dispersion unit is used to The multiple refracted sub-beams are combined to obtain a second beam; the output port array is used to output the second beam.

Using the wavelength selective switch shown in this aspect, through the third beam refraction unit and the fourth beam refraction unit, the insertion loss caused by the deflection of each sub-beam by the first optical switching engine can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the overall cost of the wavelength selective switch. Insertion loss improves the OSNR of the wavelength selective switch.

Based on the fourth aspect, in an optional implementation, the first optical switching engine is a transmission type, and relative to the extension line of the sixth sub-beam, the deflected sixth sub-beam and the refracted The subsequent sixth sub-beams are all deflected in the same direction.

Using this implementation, when the first optical exchange engine is of the transmissive type, the third beam refraction unit and the fourth beam refraction unit can make the deflected sixth sub-beam and the refracted sixth sub-beam along the Deflect in the same direction to ensure that the deflected sixth sub-beam can be successfully transmitted to the target output port.

Based on the fourth aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the sixth included angle is an acute angle between the refracted sixth sub-beam and an extension line of the sixth sub-beam.

Using this implementation method, when the sixth included angle is an acute angle between the refracted sixth sub-beam and the extension line of the sixth sub-beam, the fifth deflection angle is effectively guaranteed. The absolute value of is less than the absolute value of the sixth included angle, so as to ensure that when the first optical switching engine can successfully transmit the sixth sub-beam to the target output port, it can also reduce the deflection of the sixth sub-beam by the first optical switching engine. Beam insertion loss.

Based on the fourth aspect, in an optional implementation, the first optical switching engine is reflective, and relative to the reverse extension line of the sixth sub-beam, the deflected sixth sub-beam and the The refracted sixth sub-beams are all deflected in the same direction.

Using this implementation method, when the first optical switching engine is reflective, the deflected sixth sub-beam and the refracted sixth sub-beam are both deflected in the same direction to ensure that the deflected sixth sub-beam Able to successfully transfer to the target output port.

Based on the fourth aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the sixth included angle is an acute angle between the reverse extension line of the refracted sixth sub-beam and the extension line of the sixth sub-beam.

Using this implementation method, when the sixth included angle is an acute angle between the reverse extension line of the refracted sixth sub-beam and the extension line of the sixth sub-beam, it is effectively ensured that all The absolute value of the fifth deflection angle is less than the absolute value of the sixth included angle, so as to ensure that the first optical switching engine can successfully transmit the sixth sub-beam to the target output port, and the first optical switching engine can also be reduced Deflect the insertion loss of the sixth sub-beam.

Based on the fourth aspect, in an optional implementation, the wavelength selective switch further includes a third dispersion unit, a fourth dispersion unit, a sixth beam refraction unit, a second optical exchange engine and a seventh beam refraction unit; The third dispersion unit is used to combine the multiple refracted sub-beams to obtain an intermediate beam; the fourth dispersion unit is used to decompose the intermediate beam to obtain multiple intermediate sub-beams; the sixth beam is refracted The unit is used to refract the multiple intermediate sub-beams to obtain multiple pre-refracted intermediate sub-beams, wherein the multiple intermediate sub-beams include a seventh sub-beam; the second optical switching engine is used to deflect the Multiple pre-refracted intermediate sub-beams are used to obtain the multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams, and there is a sixth deflection angle between the deflected seventh sub-beam and the normal line of the second optical exchange engine; The seventh beam refraction unit is used to refract the multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams to obtain multiple refracted intermediate sub-beams. There is a seventh included angle between the refracted seventh sub-beam and the seventh sub-beam. , the absolute value of the sixth deflection angle is less than the absolute value of the seventh included angle; the second dispersion unit is used to combine the multi-path refracted intermediate sub-beams to obtain the second light beam.

Based on the fourth aspect, in an optional implementation, the wavelength selective switch includes an input port array, the input port array includes N ports, the input port is one of the N ports, and the N is any positive integer not less than 1.

The fifth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a method for scheduling a beam transmission direction. The method is applied to a wavelength selective switch. The wavelength selective switch includes an input port, a first dispersion unit, a first beam refraction unit, and a first optical switching engine. , a second optical switching engine, a second dispersion unit and an output port array; sending a first light beam to the first dispersion unit through the input port; decomposing the first light beam through the first dispersion unit to obtain multiplexers Light beam; refract the multiple sub-beams through the first beam refraction unit to obtain multiple pre-refracted sub-beams, wherein the multiple sub-beams include a fourth sub-beam; deflect the first optical exchange engine The multiple pre-refracted sub-beams are used to obtain the multiple deflected sub-beams, and there is a third deflection angle between the deflected fourth sub-beam and the normal line of the first optical exchange engine; through the The first beam refraction unit refracts the multiple deflected sub-beams to obtain multiple refracted sub-beams, and there is a fourth included angle between the refracted fourth sub-beam and the fourth sub-beam. The absolute value of the three deflection angles is less than the absolute value of the fourth included angle; the multi-channel refracted sub-beams are deflected to the second dispersion unit through the second optical switching engine; through the second dispersion The unit combines the multiple refracted sub-beams to obtain a second beam; the output port array is used to output the second beam.

For a description of the structure and beneficial effects of the wavelength selective switch shown in this aspect, please refer to any one of the above third aspects, and details will not be described again.

Based on the fifth aspect, in an optional implementation, the first optical switching engine is reflective, and relative to the reverse extension line of the fourth sub-beam, the deflected fourth sub-beam and the The refracted fourth sub-beams are all deflected in the same direction.

Based on the fifth aspect, in an optional implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner, the fourth included angle is the reverse extension line of the refracted fourth sub-beam and the fourth sub-beam. An acute angle between extension lines of a beam.

Based on the fifth aspect, in an optional implementation, the wavelength selective switch includes a third dispersion unit, a fourth dispersion unit, a second beam refraction unit and a second optical switching engine; combined by the third dispersion unit Beam the multiple refracted sub-beams to obtain an intermediate beam; decompose the intermediate beam through the fourth dispersion unit to obtain multiple intermediate sub-lights. beam; refract the multiple intermediate sub-beams through the second beam refraction unit to obtain multiple pre-refracted intermediate sub-beams, wherein the multiple intermediate sub-beams include a fifth sub-beam; through the second The optical switching engine deflects the multiple pre-refracted intermediate sub-beams to obtain the multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams. There is a third deflection between the deflected fifth sub-beam and the normal line of the second optical switching engine. Four deflection angles; the second beam refraction unit refracts the multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams to obtain multiple refracted intermediate sub-beams, between the refracted fifth sub-beam and the fifth sub-beam With a fifth included angle, the absolute value of the fourth deflection angle is less than the absolute value of the fifth included angle; the multi-path refracted intermediate sub-beams are combined by the second dispersion unit to obtain the third Two beams.

Based on the fifth aspect, in an optional implementation, the wavelength selective switch includes an input port array, the input port array includes N ports, the input port is one of the N ports, and the N is any positive integer not less than 1.

The sixth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a method for scheduling a beam transmission direction. The method is applied to a wavelength selective switch. The wavelength selective switch includes: an input port, a first dispersion unit, a third beam refraction unit, a first optical exchange engine, a fourth beam refraction unit, a second optical switching engine, a second dispersion unit and an output port array; sending a first beam to the first dispersion unit through the input port; decomposing the first dispersion unit through the The first beam is used to obtain multiple sub-beams; the third beam refraction unit refracts the multiple sub-beams to obtain multiple pre-refracted sub-beams, wherein the multiple sub-beams include a sixth sub-beam; through the The first optical switching engine deflects the multiple pre-refracted sub-beams to obtain the multiple deflected sub-beams. There is a third deflection between the deflected sixth sub-beam and the normal line of the first optical switching engine. Five deflection angles; the fourth beam refraction unit refracts the multiple deflected sub-beams to obtain multiple refracted sub-beams, and there is a third refracted sub-beam between the refracted sixth sub-beam and the sixth sub-beam. Six included angles, the absolute value of the fifth deflection angle is less than the absolute value of the sixth included angle; the multi-channel refracted sub-beams are deflected to the second dispersion unit through the second optical switching engine ; Combine the multi-channel refracted sub-beams through the second dispersion unit to obtain a second beam; the output port array is used to output the second beam.

Based on the sixth aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the first optical switching engine is a transmission type, and relative to the extension line of the sixth sub-beam, the deflected sixth sub-beam and the refracted The subsequent sixth sub-beams are all deflected in the same direction.

Based on the sixth aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the sixth included angle is an acute angle between the refracted sixth sub-beam and an extension line of the sixth sub-beam.

Based on the sixth aspect, in an optional implementation, the wavelength selective switch further includes a third dispersion unit, a fourth dispersion unit, a sixth beam refraction unit, a second optical exchange engine and a seventh beam refraction unit; by The third dispersion unit combines the multiple refracted sub-beams to obtain an intermediate beam; the fourth dispersion unit decomposes the intermediate beam to obtain multiple intermediate sub-beams; and the sixth beam refraction unit Refracting the multiple intermediate sub-beams to obtain multiple pre-refracted intermediate sub-beams, wherein the multiple intermediate sub-beams include a seventh sub-beam; deflecting the multiple pre-refracted sub-beams through the second optical switching engine The latter intermediate sub-beam is used to obtain the multi-channel deflected intermediate sub-beam, and the deflected seventh sub-beam has a sixth deflection angle with the normal line of the second optical exchange engine; through the seventh beam The refraction unit refracts the multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams to obtain multiple refracted intermediate sub-beams. There is a seventh included angle between the refracted seventh sub-beam and the seventh sub-beam. The sixth The absolute value of the deflection angle is smaller than the absolute value of the seventh included angle; the multi-path refracted intermediate sub-beams are combined by the second dispersion unit to obtain the second light beam.

Based on the sixth aspect, in an optional implementation, the wavelength selective switch includes an input port array, the input port array includes N ports, the input port is one of the N ports, and the N is any positive integer not less than 1.

The seventh aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an optical switching node. The optical switching node includes a plurality of wavelength selective switches. Two different wavelength selective switches are connected through optical fibers. The wavelength selective switches are as described in the above-mentioned third wavelength selective switch. On the one hand, any of the or the wavelength selective switch is as shown in any one of the above third aspects, or the wavelength selective switch is as shown in any one of the above fourth aspects.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural example diagram of an optical switching node provided by this application;

Figure 2 is a first structural example diagram of WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 3a is a first example diagram of the transmission direction of the deflected sub-beam by the first optical switching engine provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 3b is a second example diagram of the transmission direction of the first optical switching engine deflecting the sub-beam provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 3c is a third example diagram of the transmission direction of the deflected sub-beam by the first optical switching engine provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 4a is a fourth example diagram of the transmission direction of the deflected sub-beam by the first optical switching engine provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 4b is a fifth example diagram of the transmission direction of the deflected sub-beam by the first optical switching engine provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 5a is an example diagram of the second structure of WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 5b is a third structural example diagram of WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 5c is an example diagram of the light spot arrangement of the first optical switching engine provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 5d is an arrangement example diagram of the input port array and the output port array provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 6a is a first structural example diagram of part of the WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 6b is a second structural example diagram of part of the WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 6c is a third structural example diagram of part of the WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 6d is a third structural example diagram of WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 6e is a fourth structural example diagram of WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 7a is a fourth structural example diagram of part of the WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 7b is an example diagram of the fifth structure of part of the WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 8a is an example diagram of the fifth structure of WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 8b is an example diagram of the sixth structure of WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 9 is an example structural diagram of an embodiment of the first optical switching engine provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 10 is a first step flow chart of the scheduling method of beam transmission direction provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 11 is a second step flow chart of the scheduling method of beam transmission direction provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 12 is a third step flow chart of the scheduling method of beam transmission direction provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 13 is a fourth step flow chart of the scheduling method of beam transmission direction provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 14 is a fifth step flow chart of the scheduling method of beam transmission direction provided by the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 15 is a sixth step flow chart of a method for scheduling light beam transmission directions provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

This application provides an optical switching node, which is used to implement scheduling of optical signal transmission directions. The optical switching node may be a reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer (ROADM) or an optical cross connection (OXC). Optical switching nodes mainly perform wavelength-level scheduling of the transmission direction of optical signals through wavelength selective switching (WSS).

First, the structure of the optical switching node provided by this application will be described with reference to FIG. 1 , where FIG. 1 is an example structural diagram of the optical switching node provided by this application. This example takes the optical switching node as a ROADM as an example. This example does not limit the specific network structure of the ROADM. For example, the ROADM can adopt network structures such as chain, ring, and mesh networks. Figure 1 shows an example of a network structure in which a ROADM adopts a mesh network.

In this example, the ROADM includes eight WSSs (ie, WSS1, WSS2 to WSS8), which are located in different locations. This example does not limit the number of WSSs included in the ROADM and the location of each WSS. WSSs located at different locations are used to schedule optical signal transmission directions.

Taking WSS1 as an example, WSS1 can transmit optical signals to any WSS included in the ROADM that is connected to WSS1 through optical fibers, so as to realize the scheduling of different transmission directions of optical signals. For example, in ROADM, WSS4, WSS6 and WSS8 are connected to WSS1 through optical fibers, then WSS1 can transmit optical signals to any one of WSS4, WSS6 and WSS8. In this example, the WSS1 is connected to WSS4, WSS6 and WSS8 through optical fiber as an example without limitation. In other examples, the WSS1 can also be connected to any WSS among WSS2, WSS3, WSS5 and WSS7 included in the ROADM. Connect via fiber optic.

The following continues to take WSS1 and WSS4 as examples to explain the process of scheduling the transmission direction of optical signals:

The sub-beam 101 transmitted along the first direction is input to WSS1 through the input port of WSS1, and the sub-beam 101 is transmitted to WSS4 through the optical fiber through the output port of WSS1 through the redirection of the optical signal by WSS1. The sub-beam 101 is transmitted from WSS4 to WSS4. An output port is included and the sub-beam 101 output from the WSS4 is transmitted in the second direction. It can be seen that the ROADM shown in Figure 1 can achieve the purpose of scheduling the transmission direction of the sub-beam 101 from the first direction to the second direction.

Each WSS shown in this example is an N*M WSS, N is the number of input ports included in the WSS, M is the number of output ports included in the WSS, N is any positive integer not less than 1, and M is greater than 1. any positive integer.

The WSS provided by the embodiments of the present application can effectively reduce the insertion loss of the WSS and improve the OSNR of the WSS, thereby reducing interference and bit errors of optical signals transmitted by the WSS. The structure of the WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described below with reference to FIG. 2 . Among them, FIG. 2 is a first structural example diagram of WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application.

The WSS shown in this embodiment includes an input port 250, a first dispersion unit 207, a first optical switching engine 211, a second optical switching engine 219, a second dispersion unit 217 and an output port array 221.

The input port 250 is used to receive the first light beam 230, and the first light beam 230 is transmitted to the input port 201 along the Y direction. The first light beam 230 input to the WSS via the input port 250 is output to the first dispersion unit 207 . The first dispersion unit 207 is used to decompose the first light beam irradiated on the first dispersion unit 207 into multiple sub-beams with different wavelengths. This embodiment does not limit the number of sub-beams. As shown in FIG. 2 , the first dispersion unit 207 decomposes the first beam 230 into a sub-beam 231 and a sub-beam 232 in the YZ plane. Among them, the YZ plane includes the direction Y and the direction Z, and the direction Z is perpendicular to the direction Y. The Z direction can also be called the dispersion direction or the wavelength direction, the X direction can be called the port direction or the exchange direction, and the Y direction is perpendicular to the Z direction and the X direction respectively. The sub-beam 231 and the sub-beam 232 are emitted from the first dispersion unit 207 at different exit angles, so that the sub-beam 231 and the sub-beam 232 can illuminate different positions of the first optical exchange engine 211 .

The first optical switching engine 211 shown in this embodiment is used to deflect the transmission direction of each sub-beam from the first dispersion unit 207, so that the first optical switching engine 211 emits multiple deflected sub-beams. The first optical switching engine 211 shown in this embodiment can deflect each sub-beam in at least one direction of the Z direction or the X direction. The first optical switching engine 211 shown in this embodiment can be liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS), liquid crystal (liquid crystal, LC) array chip, micro electromechanical system (micro electro mechanical system, MEMS), or digital Optical processor (digital light processor, DLP). In this embodiment, the first optical switching engine 211 is LCOS as an example.

The first optical switching engine 211 shown in this embodiment can effectively reduce the insertion loss in the process of deflecting the transmission direction of the sub-beam. Specifically, the first optical switching engine 211 includes areas for deflecting different sub-beams. By loading different voltages in each area of the first optical switching engine 211, the deflected sub-beams emitted from this area have different deflection angles. degree, thereby enabling the sub-beams emitted from this area to be transmitted to any output port included in the output port array 221, thereby realizing the scheduling of the sub-beams to different transmission paths. The deflection angle of the sub-beam emitted from an area of the first optical switching engine 211 is an acute angle between the deflected sub-beam and the normal line of the first optical switching engine 211 . When the first optical switching engine 211 receives multiple sub-beams, the insertion loss introduced by the first optical switching engine 211 depends on the maximum deflection angle of the multiple sub-beams deflected by the first optical switching engine 211 .

For example, WSS includes N input ports (ie, in1, in2 to inN), N is any positive integer not less than 1, and the output port array 221 includes M output ports (ie, out1, out2 to outM), and M is greater than 1. Any positive integer. When the first optical switching engine 211 deflects the sub-beam, the deflection angle α of the sub-beam from in1 to out1 is the smallest, and the deflection angle θ of the sub-beam from in1 to outM is the largest. The insertion loss introduced by the first optical switching engine 211 refers to the insertion loss caused when the first optical switching engine 211 deflects the transmission direction of the multi-path sub-beams. The insertion loss introduced by the first optical switching engine 211 is positively correlated with the maximum deflection angle θ, that is, the larger the maximum deflection angle θ, the greater the insertion loss introduced by the first optical switching engine 211, and the maximum deflection angle θ The smaller it is, the smaller the insertion loss introduced by the first optical switching engine 211 is. Moreover, as the maximum deflection angle θ increases, the insertion loss introduced by the first optical switching engine 211 increases faster.

In this embodiment, the first optical switching engine 211 shown in FIG. 2 can deflect the sub-beam from any one of the N input ports to any one of the M output ports. The first optical switching engine 211 deflects the transmission direction of the sub-beam 231 to emit the deflected sub-beam 233. The first optical switching engine 211 deflects the transmission direction of the sub-beam 232 to emit the deflected sub-beam 234. For example, among the multiple sub-beams deflected by the first optical switching engine 211, the first deflection angle of the first sub-beam 231 from in1 to outM is the largest. It can be seen that from the first optical switching engine 211 The outgoing deflected first sub-beam 233 can be transmitted to outM, and the first deflection angle of the deflected first sub-beam 233 is the distance between the deflected first sub-beam 233 and the normal line of the first optical exchange engine 211 acute angle.

The absolute value of the first deflection angle of the deflected first sub-beam 233 deflected by the first optical switching engine 211 is not less than the absolute value of the corresponding deflection angle of any other sub-beam. It can be understood that the absolute value of the first deflection angle by which the first optical switching engine 211 deflects the deflected first sub-beam 233 is not less than the absolute value of the deflection angle by which the first optical switching engine 211 deflects the deflected sub-beam 234 . In order to enable the deflected first sub-beam 233 to be transmitted to outM, it is necessary to have a first included angle between the deflected first sub-beam 233 and the first sub-beam 231 incident on the first optical switching engine 211 . The absolute value of the first deflection angle shown in this embodiment is smaller than the absolute value of the first included angle.

For the deflected first sub-beam 233 with the largest first deflection angle, when the absolute value of the first deflection angle corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam 233 is less than the absolute value of the first included angle, The insertion loss introduced by the first optical switching engine 211 can be effectively reduced. Specifically, in order to transmit the deflected first sub-beam 233 to outM, the first optical switching engine 211 only needs to deflect the transmission direction of the first sub-beam 233 by a smaller angle (i.e., the first sub-beam 233 is deflected by a smaller angle). (a deflection angle), the deflected first sub-beam 233 can be emitted from the first optical switching engine 211 at a larger angle (i.e., the first included angle) to ensure that the first sub-beam 233 can be successfully transmitted to Target output port.

The multiple deflected sub-beams emitted from the first optical switching engine 211 are transmitted to the second optical switching engine 219 . For example, the deflected sub-beams 233 and 234 are transmitted to the second optical switching engine 219 . The first optical switching engine 211 and the second optical switching engine 219 shown in this embodiment may be different LCOS, or the first optical switching engine 211 and the second optical switching engine 219 may be different areas of the same LCOS.

The second optical switching engine 219 is used to deflect the transmission directions of the deflected sub-beam 233 and the deflected sub-beam 234 so as to transmit them to the second dispersion unit 217. The second optical switching engine 219 deflects the deflected sub-beam 233 as shown above. For an explanation of the process of the transmission direction of the sub-beam 233 and the deflected sub-beam 234, please refer to the description of the transmission direction of the deflected sub-beam by the first optical switching engine 211, which will not be described in detail. The second dispersion unit 217 is used to combine the sub-beams from the second optical switching engine 219 to output the second beam 240 to the output port array 221 .

It should be noted that in this embodiment, the WSS includes two optical switching engines as an example for illustration. In other examples, the WSS may include more than two optical switching engines, and each optical switching engine deflects a sub-beam. For the description of the transmission direction, please refer to the above description of the process of deflecting the first sub-beam by the first optical switching engine, which will not be described in detail.

Optionally, the WSS shown in this embodiment may also include a first collimating lens group 252 located between the first dispersion unit 207 and the first optical switching engine 211. The sub-beams 231 and 232 emitted from the first dispersion unit 207 are transmitted to the first collimating lens group 252. This embodiment does not limit the number of lenses included in the first collimating lens group 252. The lens group 252 is used to parallel-incident multiple sub-beams from the first dispersion unit 207 to the first optical switching engine 211 .

The WSS shown in the embodiment may further include a second collimating lens group 254 located between the first optical switching engine 211 and the second optical switching engine 219 . The second collimating lens group 254 collimates the deflected sub-beam 233 and the deflected sub-beam 234 from the first optical switching engine 211 for transmission to the second optical switching engine 219 .

Using the WSS shown in this embodiment, taking the first optical switching engine as an example, the first optical switching engine deflects the transmission direction of the first sub-beam, so that each deflected first sub-beam can be transmitted to the corresponding output port, and in the process of deflecting the first sub-beam by the first optical switching engine, the absolute value of the first deflection angle corresponding to the first sub-beam is smaller than the absolute value of the first included angle. When the first optical switching engine is based on the smaller The first deflection angle causes the deflected first sub-beam to emit from the first optical switching engine at a larger first included angle, which effectively reduces the insertion loss caused by deflecting the first sub-beam by the first optical switching engine. The WSS shown in this embodiment includes a first optical switching engine and a second optical switching engine, which effectively reduces the insertion loss of the WSS and improves the OSNR of the WSS while reducing the insertion loss introduced by the two optical switching engines. The WSS shown in this embodiment effectively reduces the insertion loss and effectively increases the number of input ports and output ports supported by the WSS.

The following is an exemplary description of several optional structures of the first optical switching engine:

optional structure 1

This structure is shown in Figure 3a, where Figure 3a is a first example diagram of the first optical switching engine deflecting the transmission direction of the sub-beam provided by the embodiment of the present application. This example takes the first optical switching engine as a transmissive type as an example for illustration. In this embodiment, the multiple sub-beams emitted from the first collimating lens group 252 are incident on the first optical switching engine 402 . The first optical switching engine 402 shown in this embodiment is tilted relative to the XZ plane. The XZ plane includes the X direction and the Z direction, and the XZ plane includes the X direction and the Z direction perpendicularly. For the description of the X direction and the Z direction, please refer to the above description, and the details will not be repeated. Relative to the XZ plane, the first optical switching engine 402 is deflected in a clockwise direction, and there is a pretilt angle 404 between the first optical switching engine 402 and the XZ plane. It can be understood that the first optical switching engine 402 shown in this embodiment is tilted relative to the XZ plane, and the acute angle between the first optical switching engine 402 and the XZ plane is the pretilt angle 404.

The transmission directions of the multiple sub-beams from the first collimating lens group 252 are deflected by the first optical switching engine 402 to emit multiple deflected sub-beams. In order to enable multiple deflected sub-beams to be transmitted to different output ports included in the output port array, among the multiple deflected sub-beams, different deflected sub-beams are emitted from the first optical switching engine 402 at different angles. . For example, the multiple sub-beams from the first collimating lens group 252 include the first sub-beam 403, and the transmission direction of the first sub-beam 403 is deflected by the first optical switching engine 402 to become the deflected first sub-beam 406. The deflected first sub-beam 406 shown in this example is deflected in the clockwise direction relative to the extension line of the first sub-beam 403 . It can be seen that the first optical switching engine 402 and the deflected first sub-beam 406 shown in this example are both deflected in the clockwise direction. Since the first optical switching engine 402 and the deflected first sub-beam 406 are both deflected in the clockwise direction, the pretilt angle 404 and the first included angle 405 shown in this example are both positive angles.

The deflected first sub-beam 406 is emitted from the first optical switching engine 402 at a first included angle 405. The first included angle 405 is an acute angle between the deflected first sub-beam 406 and the extension line of the first sub-beam 403 . The deflected first sub-beam 406 emitted from the first optical switching engine 402 at the first included angle 405 can be transmitted to the target output port. The first optical switching engine 402 shown in this example deflects the transmission direction of the first sub-beam 403 based on the first deflection angle, so that the deflected first sub-beam 406 can emerge from the first optical switching engine 402 at a first included angle 405. The first deflection angle 407 is an acute angle between the deflected first sub-beam 406 and the normal line 408 of the first optical switching engine 402 . Since the deflected first sub-beam 406 is deflected in the clockwise direction relative to the extension line of the first sub-beam 403, the first deflection angle 407 shown in this example is a positive angle.

This example defines the angle deflected in the clockwise direction (such as the first included angle 405, the first deflection angle 407 or the pretilt angle 404) as a positive angle, and the angle deflected in the counterclockwise direction as a negative angle. In other examples , the angle of deflection in the counterclockwise direction may also be a negative angle, and the angle of deflection in the clockwise direction may be a positive angle, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Using the first optical switching engine 402 that is deflected in the clockwise direction and the deflected first sub-beam 406 that is deflected in the clockwise direction as shown in this example can effectively reduce the deflection of the first sub-beam by the first optical switching engine 402 403 insertion loss. Specifically, if the deflected first sub-beam needs to be transmitted to the target output port, the deflected first sub-beam needs to be emitted from the first optical switching engine 402 at a first included angle 405, and the first optical switching engine 402 actually The deflection angle of the first sub-beam 403 is the first deflection angle 407 . As shown in Figure 3a, the absolute value of the first deflection angle 407 is smaller than the absolute value of the first included angle 405. It can be understood that in order to transmit the deflected first sub-beam 406 to the target output port, the first optical switching engine 402 only needs to deflect the transmission direction of the first sub-beam 403 by a smaller angle (ie, the first deflection angle 407). , which can cause the deflected first sub-beam 406 to emit from the first optical switching engine 402 at a larger angle (i.e., the first included angle 405) to ensure that the first sub-beam 403 can be successfully transmitted to the target output port. .

It can be understood that the first deflection angle 407 at which the first optical switching engine 402 deflects the first sub-beam 403 is different from the first included angle of the deflected first sub-beam 406, and the absolute value of the first deflection angle 407 is smaller than the deflection angle 407. The absolute value of the first included angle of the subsequent first sub-beam 406. Moreover, the first deflection angle 407, the first included angle 405 and the pretilt angle 404 satisfy the following formula 1:

Formula 1: |First deflection angle 407|=|First included angle 405-Pretilt angle 404|.

That is, the absolute value of the first deflection angle 407 is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the first included angle 405 and the pretilt angle 404 . Among them, it can be seen from the above that the acute angle between the first optical switching engine 402 and the first optical switching engine 211 is the pretilt angle 404. Therefore, the normal line of the first optical switching engine 211 (the first optical switching engine 211 The angle between the normal line (which coincides with the extension line of the first sub-beam 403) and the normal line 408 of the first optical switching engine 402 is also the pretilt angle 404. It can be understood that the pretilt angle 404 is also an acute angle between the extension line of the first sub-beam 403 and the normal line 408 of the first optical switching engine 402 .

After the transmission directions of the multiple sub-beams from the first collimating lens group 252 are deflected by the first optical switching engine 402, they have multiple deflection angles. For a description of the deflection angle corresponding to each sub-beam, please refer to the above-mentioned first sub-beam 403 The corresponding description of the first deflection angle 407 will not be described in detail. Among the multiple deflected sub-beams, the deflection angle of the deflected sub-beams deflected in the same direction as the first optical switching engine 402 is a positive angle. For example, the first optical switching engine 402 and the first optical switching engine 402 shown in Figure 3a The deflected first sub-beams 406 are all deflected in the clockwise direction, so the deflected first sub-beams 406 are at a positive angle. The multi-channel deflected sub-beams emitted from the first optical switching engine 402 also include negative deflection angles. Please refer to Figure 3b for a detailed description. Figure 3b shows the deflection of the first optical switching engine provided by the embodiment of the present application. A second example of the transmission direction of a sub-beam.

Among the multiple deflected sub-beams, the deflected sub-beam deflected in the opposite direction to the first optical switching engine 402 has a deflection angle that is a negative angle. As shown in FIG. 3 b , the transmission direction of the third sub-beam 411 from the first collimating lens group 252 is deflected by the first optical exchange engine 402 into the deflected third sub-beam 412 , so that the deflected third sub-beam 412 is deflected. Sub-beam 412 can be transmitted to the corresponding output port. Relative to the extension line of the third sub-beam 411, the deflected third sub-beam 412 is deflected in the counterclockwise direction. It can be understood that the deflection direction of the deflected third sub-beam 412 is different from the deflection direction of the first optical switching engine 402, resulting in a deflection angle 413 corresponding to the deflected third sub-beam 412 that is greater than the deflected third sub-beam. The included angle of 412 is 414. The deflection angle 413 is the acute angle between the deflected third sub-beam 412 and the normal line 408 of the first optical switching engine 402 , and the included angle 414 is the angle between the deflected third sub-beam 412 and the third sub-beam 411 An acute angle between extended lines. As shown in Figure 3b, it can be seen that the absolute value of the included angle 414 is less than the absolute value of the deflection angle 413. Then, in order to transmit the third sub-beam 411 to the object After the corresponding output port deflects the transmission direction through the first optical switching engine 402, the insertion loss of the third sub-beam 411 deflected by the first optical switching engine 402 is improved compared to the example shown in FIG. 3a.

Combining the examples shown in Figure 3a and Figure 3b, it can be seen that the same first optical switching engine 402 can reduce the insertion loss for the deflected sub-beam deflected in the clockwise direction, but for the deflected sub-beam deflected in the counterclockwise direction , but increases the insertion loss. In order to reduce the overall insertion loss of the multi-path sub-beams when the first optical switching engine 402 deflects the transmission direction of the multi-path sub-beams, it is necessary to ensure that the multi-path sub-beams have the largest deflection angle. The sub-beam and the first optical switching engine are deflected in the same direction. Specifically, in order for the first optical switching engine 402 to deflect the transmission directions of the multiple sub-beams and effectively reduce the insertion loss, the deflected first sub-beams 406 shown in this embodiment need to meet the first condition. The first condition is that among the multiple deflection angles corresponding to the multiple sub-beams, the absolute value of the first deflection angle 407 corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam 406 is not less than the absolute value of any one of the multiple deflection angles. . It can be understood that when the pretilt angle 404 is a positive angle, the deflected first sub-beam 406 shown in this example is also a positive angle, and the first deflection angle 407 corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam 406 is The absolute value is the largest among the absolute values of the multiple deflection angles deflected by the first optical switching engine 402 for the multiple sub-beams.

It can be seen from the above that the first optical switching engine 402 can reduce the insertion loss of the deflected first sub-beam 406. The absolute value of the first deflection angle corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam 406 is not less than any deflected sub-beam. The absolute value of the deflection angle corresponding to the light beam, and the absolute value of the first deflection angle 407 corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam 406 is less than the absolute value of the first included angle 405, then the first optical switching engine 402 can effectively reduce Insertion loss corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam 406. Moreover, when the deflected first sub-beam 406 meets the above-mentioned first condition, the first optical switching engine 402 can overall reduce the insertion loss during the deflection of the transmission direction of the multi-path sub-beam.

It can be understood that the pretilt angle 404 shown in this embodiment is the degree of clockwise deflection of the first optical switching engine 402 relative to the XZ plane. That is, the smaller the pretilt angle 404 is, the smaller the pretilt angle 404 is. The plane deflects less in the clockwise direction. The greater the pretilt angle, the greater the extent to which the first optical switching engine 402 is deflected in the clockwise direction relative to the XZ plane.

In order to ensure that the first optical switching engine 402 can effectively reduce the insertion loss of multiple sub-beams as a whole, the pretilt angle 404 needs to satisfy the following formula 2:

Formula 2: |Pretilt angle 404|<|First included angle 405+Second included angle|.

That is, the absolute value of the pretilt angle 404 is smaller than the absolute value of the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle.

The multiple sub-beams deflected by the first optical switching engine 402 also include the deflected second sub-beams. The absolute value of the second included angle corresponding to the deflected second sub-beam is not greater than the absolute value of any of the multiple included angles. For a description of the included angle corresponding to each deflected sub-beam, please refer to the description of the first included angle 405 corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam 406, and details will not be described again. It can be understood that the absolute value of the first included angle 405 corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam 406 has the largest value among the absolute values of the multiple included angles respectively corresponding to the multiple sub-beams. The absolute value of the second included angle corresponding to the deflected second sub-beam is the smallest among the absolute values of the multiple included angles respectively corresponding to the multiple sub-beams.

This example shows that when the pretilt angle of the first optical switching engine 402 satisfies Formula 2, the first optical switching engine 402 can reduce the insertion loss introduced in the process of deflecting multiple sub-beams.

In order to ensure the balance of insertion loss of the multiple sub-beams deflected by the first optical switching engine 402, the pretilt angle 404 satisfies the following formula 3:

Formula 3: |Pretilt angle 404|=Target multiple|First included angle 405+Second included angle|.

Among them, the target multiple is any value in the interval between greater than 0 and less than 1. In this embodiment, the target multiple is any value within the range of no less than 0.4 and no more than 0.6.

This example takes the target multiple value as 0.5 as an example. The following is an example of enabling the first optical switching engine to deflect multiple sub-beams to achieve insertion loss balancing when the pretilt angle 404 satisfies the above formula 3. .

For example, after deflection, the first sub-beam emits from the first optical switching engine at a first included angle, and the first included angle is 5 degrees. After deflection The second sub-beam emerges from the first optical switching engine at a second included angle, the second included angle is -1 degree, and the absolute value of the first included angle (|5|) is greater than any of the multiple included angles. The absolute value of , that is, the absolute value of the first included angle is the largest among the absolute values of multiple included angles. The absolute value of the second included angle (|-1|) is not greater than the absolute value of any one of the multiple included angles, that is, the absolute value of the second included angle is the smallest among the absolute values of the multiple included angles.

Based on Formula 3, it can be seen that |pretilt angle 404|=0.5|5-1|=2. Based on formula 1, it can be seen that |first deflection angle 407|=|5-2|=3. The second deflection angle is obtained by Formula 4 shown below.

Formula 4: |Second deflection angle|=|Second included angle-pretilt angle|

Based on Formula 4, it can be known that |second deflection angle|=|-1-2|=|-3|=3.

It can be seen from this example that the first optical switching engine 402 deflects the first sub-beam based on the first deflection angle to emit the deflected first sub-beam, and the first deflection angle shown in this example is 3 degrees, and the first optical switching The engine 402 deflects the second sub-beam based on the second deflection angle to emit the deflected second sub-beam, and the second deflection angle shown in this example is -3 degrees. It can be seen that the absolute value of the first deflection angle shown in this example is The value is equal to the absolute value of the second deflection angle, which effectively ensures the balance of insertion loss of the multiple sub-beams deflected by the first optical switching engine. When the first optical switching engine ensures the balance of insertion loss of deflected multi-path sub-beams, the overall insertion loss introduced by the first optical switching engine can be reduced as much as possible.

Optional structure 2

This structure is shown in Figure 3c, where Figure 3c is a third example diagram of the first optical switching engine deflecting the transmission direction of the sub-beam provided by the embodiment of the present application. This example also takes the first optical switching engine as a transmissive type for illustrative explanation. In this embodiment, the multiple sub-beams emitted from the first collimating lens group 252 are incident on the first optical switching engine 422. For an explanation of the multiple sub-beams emitted from the first collimating lens group 252, please refer to Figure 2. No details will be given. The first optical switching engine 422 shown in this embodiment is tilted relative to the XZ plane. Specifically, the first optical switching engine 422 is deflected in the counterclockwise direction relative to the XZ plane, and there is a pretilt angle 424 between the first optical switching engine 422 and the XZ plane. For a detailed description of the pretilt angle 424, see Figure 3a The specific description of the pretilt angle 404 will not be repeated. It can be understood that the pretilt angle 424 and the first optical switching engine 422 shown in this example are both deflected in the counterclockwise direction, so the pretilt angle 424 and the first optical switching engine 422 are both negative angles. Explanation of the positive and negative angles , please refer to the above optional structure 1, the details will not be repeated.

The transmission directions of the multiple sub-beams from the first collimating lens group 252 are deflected by the first optical switching engine 422 to emit multiple deflected sub-beams. For example, the multiple sub-beams from the first collimating lens group 252 include the first sub-beam 421 . The transmission direction of the first sub-beam 421 is deflected by the first optical switching engine 422 and becomes the deflected first sub-beam 426. The deflected first sub-beam 426 shown in this example is deflected in the counterclockwise direction relative to the extension line of the first sub-beam 421. Then, the first optical switching engine 422 shown in this example and the deflected first sub-beam 426 are The beams 426 are all deflected in the counterclockwise direction.

The deflected first sub-beam 426 is emitted from the first optical switching engine 422 at a first included angle 423. The first included angle 423 is an acute angle between the deflected first sub-beam 426 and the extension line of the first sub-beam 421 . For specific description of the first included angle 423, please refer to the description of the first included angle shown in Figure 3a, and will not be described again. The first optical switching engine 422 shown in this example deflects the transmission direction of the first sub-beam 421 based on the first deflection angle, so that the deflected first sub-beam 426 can pass from the first optical switching engine at the first included angle 423. 422 is emitted, and the first deflection angle 427 is an acute angle between the deflected first sub-beam 426 and the normal line 425 of the first optical switching engine 422 . For specific description of the first deflection angle 427, please refer to the description of the first included angle shown in Figure 3a, and will not be described again.

The deflected first sub-beam 426 shown in this embodiment needs to satisfy the second condition. The second condition is that among the multiple deflection angles corresponding to the multiple sub-beams, the absolute value of the first deflection angle 427 corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam 426 is not less than the absolute value of any one of the multiple deflection angles. . It can be understood that when the pretilt angle 424 is a negative angle, the deflected first sub-beam 426 shown in this example is also a negative angle, and the first deflection angle corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam 426 is The absolute value of 427 is the largest among the absolute values of the multiple deflection angles deflected by the first optical switching engine 422 for the multiple sub-beams.

It can be understood that the difference between Structure 1 and Structure 2 is that the deflected first sub-beam and the first optical switching engine shown in Structure 1 are both deflected in the clockwise direction, while the deflected first sub-beam shown in Structure 2 and the first optical switching engine are deflected in the counterclockwise direction. In the case where the deflected first sub-beam and the first optical switching engine are deflected in the same direction (deflected in the clockwise direction as shown in Structure 1 or deflected in the counterclockwise direction as shown in Structure 2), the second sub-beam can be effectively reduced. An optical switching engine deflects the insertion loss of the first sub-beam. For a description of how the first optical switching engine 422 shown in this structure reduces the insertion loss introduced in the process of deflecting multiple sub-beams, please refer to the above structure 1, and details will not be described again.

Optional structure 3

This structure is shown in Figure 4a, where Figure 4a is a fourth example diagram of the transmission direction of the first optical switching engine deflecting the sub-beam provided by the embodiment of the present application. This example takes the first optical switching engine as a reflective type as an example for illustration. In this embodiment, the multiple sub-beams emitted from the first collimating lens group 252 are incident on the first optical switching engine 502. For an explanation of the multiple sub-beams emitted from the first collimating lens group 252, please refer to Figure 2. No details will be given. The first optical switching engine 502 shown in this embodiment is tilted relative to the XZ plane. Specifically, relative to the XZ plane, the first optical switching engine 502 is deflected in the clockwise direction. There is a pretilt angle 504 between them. For the specific description of the pretilt angle 504, please refer to the description of the pretilt angle shown in optional structure 1, and the details will not be repeated.

The transmission directions of the multiple sub-beams from the first collimating lens group 252 are deflected by the first optical switching engine 502 to emit multiple deflected sub-beams. In order to enable multiple deflected sub-beams to be transmitted to different output ports included in the output port array, among the multiple deflected sub-beams, different deflected sub-beams are emitted from the first optical switching engine 502 at different angles. . For example, the multiple sub-beams from the first collimating lens group 252 include the first sub-beam 503, and the transmission direction of the first sub-beam 503 is deflected by the first optical switching engine 502 to become the deflected first sub-beam 506. The deflected first sub-beam 506 shown in this example is deflected in the clockwise direction relative to the reverse extension line of the first sub-beam 503 . It can be seen that the first optical switching engine 502 and the deflected first sub-beam 506 shown in this example are both deflected in the clockwise direction.

The deflected first sub-beam 506 is emitted from the first optical switching engine 502 at a first included angle 505. The first included angle 505 is an acute angle between the deflected first sub-beam 506 and the reverse extension of the first sub-beam 503 . The deflected first sub-beam 506 emitted from the first optical switching engine 502 at the first included angle 505 can be transmitted to the target output port. The first optical switching engine 502 shown in this example deflects the transmission direction of the first sub-beam 503 based on the first deflection angle 507, so that the deflected first sub-beam 506 can be switched from the first optical switch at the first included angle 505. The engine 502 emits, and the first deflection angle 507 is an acute angle between the deflected first sub-beam 506 and the normal line 508 of the first light exchange engine 502 .

It can be understood that the pretilt angle 504, the first deflection angle 507 and the first included angle 505 shown in this embodiment are all positive angles. For the description of the positive angle, please refer to the above optional structure 1, and the details will not be repeated.

For a description of the first optical switching engine 502 shown in this structure to reduce the insertion loss introduced in the process of deflecting multiple sub-beams, please refer to the above structure 1, and the details will not be described again.

Optional structure 4

This structure is shown in Figure 4b, where Figure 4b is a fifth example diagram of the first optical switching engine deflecting the transmission direction of the sub-beam provided by the embodiment of the present application. This example also takes the first optical switching engine 522 as a reflection type as an example for illustrative explanation. In this embodiment, the multiple sub-beams emitted from the first collimating lens group 252 are incident on the first optical switching engine 522. For an explanation of the multiple sub-beams emitted from the first collimating lens group 252, please refer to Figure 2. No details will be given. The first optical switching engine 522 shown in this embodiment is tilted relative to the XZ plane. Specifically, relative to the XZ plane, the first optical switching engine 522 is deflected in the counterclockwise direction. There is a pretilt angle 524 between them. For a specific description of the pretilt angle 524, please refer to the description of the pretilt angle 504 in Figure 4a, and the details will not be described again.

The transmission directions of the multi-path sub-beams from the first collimating lens group 252 are deflected by the first optical switching engine 522. Emit multiple deflected sub-beams. For example, the multiple sub-beams from the first collimating lens group 252 include the first sub-beam 521, and the transmission direction of the first sub-beam 521 is deflected by the first optical switching engine 522 to become the deflected first sub-beam 526. The deflected first sub-beam 526 shown in this example is deflected in the counterclockwise direction relative to the reverse extension of the first sub-beam 521 . It can be seen that the first optical switching engine 522 and the deflected first sub-beam 526 shown in this example are both deflected in the counterclockwise direction.

The deflected first sub-beam 526 is emitted from the first optical switching engine 522 at a first included angle 523. The first included angle 523 is an acute angle between the deflected first sub-beam 526 and the reverse extension of the first sub-beam 521 . For specific description of the first included angle 523, please refer to the description of the first included angle shown in Figure 4a, and will not be described again. The first optical switching engine 522 shown in this example deflects the transmission direction of the first sub-beam 521 based on the first deflection angle 527, so that the deflected first sub-beam 526 can be switched from the first optical switch at the first included angle 523. The engine 522 emits, and the first deflection angle 527 is an acute angle between the deflected first sub-beam 526 and the normal line 528 of the first light exchange engine 522 . For specific description of the first deflection angle 527, please refer to the description of the first included angle shown in Figure 4a, and will not be described again.

It can be understood that the pretilt angle 524, the first deflection angle 527 and the first included angle 523 shown in this embodiment are all negative angles. For the description of the negative angle, please refer to the above optional structure 1, and the details will not be repeated.

The difference between Structure 3 and Structure 4 is that the deflected first sub-beam and the first optical switching engine shown in Structure 3 are both deflected in the clockwise direction, while the deflected first sub-beam and the first optical switching engine shown in Structure 4 are Optical switching engines are deflected in the counterclockwise direction. In the case where the deflected first sub-beam and the first optical switching engine are deflected in the same direction (deflected in the clockwise direction as shown in structure 3 or deflected in the counterclockwise direction as shown in structure 4), the second sub-beam can be effectively reduced. An optical switching engine deflects the insertion loss of the first sub-beam. For a description of how the first optical switching engine 522 shown in this structure reduces the insertion loss introduced in the process of deflecting multiple sub-beams, please refer to the above structure 3, and the details will not be described again.

The specific structure of WSS will be described below with reference to Figure 5a and Figure 5b. Among them, FIG. 5a is a second structural example diagram of the WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 5b is a third structural example diagram of WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application.

The WSS shown in this embodiment includes an input port array 200, a first lens group 203, a first switching separation module 204, a second lens group 205, a third lens group 206, a first dispersion unit 207, and a fourth lens group 210. The first optical switching engine 211, the fifth lens group 214, the second separation module 213, the sixth lens group 215, the seventh lens group 216, the fourth dispersion unit 217, the eighth lens group 218, the second optical switching engine 219, The ninth lens group 220 and the output port array 221.

The input port array 200 is located at the front focus of the first lens group 203 , and the first exchange separation module 204 is located at the back focus of the first lens group 203 . The first exchange separation module 204 is also located at the front focus of the second lens group 205 . The back focus of the second lens group 205 is located at the front focus of the third lens group 206 . The first dispersion unit 207 is located at the back focus of the third lens group 206 . The first dispersion unit 207 is also located at the front focus of the fourth lens group 210 . The first optical switching engine 211 is located at the back focus of the fourth lens group 210 . The first exchange separation module 204 is located at the front focus of the fifth lens group 214 , and the second separation module 213 is located at the rear focus of the fifth lens group 214 . The output port array 221 is located at the front focus of the ninth lens group 220 . The second separation module 213 is located at the back focus of the ninth lens group 220 . The second separation module 213 is also located at the front focus of the sixth lens group 215 . The back focus of the sixth lens group 215 is located at the front focus of the seventh lens group 216 . The fourth dispersion unit 217 is located at the back focus of the seventh lens group 216 . The fourth dispersion unit 217 is also located at the front focus of the eighth lens group 218 . The second optical switching engine 219 is located at the back focus of the eighth lens group 218 .

The input port array 200 may include M input ports. Please refer to FIG. 2 for a description of the M input ports, which will not be described in detail. The first lens group 203 includes one or more lenses. The first light beam 230 input from any input port 201 included in the input port array 200 is transmitted to the first lens group 203. The first lens group 203 is used to shape and focus the first light beam 230 from the input port 201 to output. The focused first sub-beam 230 is transmitted to the transmission area of the first exchange separation module 204 . The first light beam 230 transmitted to the transmission area of the first exchange separation module 204 can be transmitted to the second lens group 205 through the transmission of the first exchange separation module 204 .

The second lens group 205 and the third lens group 206 constitute a 4F system. This embodiment does not limit the number of lenses included in the second lens group 205 and the third lens group 206 respectively. The 4F system means that the focal lengths of the second lens group 205 and the third lens group 206 are both F, the distance between the second lens group 205 and the third lens group 206 is 2F, and the object distance is F. The second lens group 205 is used to collimate the first light beam 230 , and the third lens group 206 is used to converge the first light beam 230 from the second lens group 205 to the first dispersion unit 207 .

The first dispersion unit 207 is used to decompose the first beam irradiated on the first dispersion unit 207 into multiple sub-beams with different wavelengths. Specifically, the first dispersion unit 207 decomposes the first beam 230 into sub-beams. 231 and sub-beam 232, please refer to Figure 2 for detailed description, and details will not be repeated. As shown in FIG. 5c , FIG. 5c is an example diagram of the light spot arrangement of the first optical switching engine provided by the embodiment of the present application. The input port array shown in this embodiment includes N input ports, namely in1, in2 to inN. N shown in this embodiment is any positive integer not less than 1. This embodiment takes the first light beam from in1 as an example for illustration. The first light beam from in1 can be decomposed into n sub-beams with different wavelengths through the first dispersion unit 207, where n is any positive integer greater than 1. n sub-beams with different wavelengths are transmitted to the first optical switching engine 211 to illuminate n light spots on the panel of the first optical switching engine 211. For example, the light spot 261 is a sub-beam with a wavelength λ1 that is irradiated on the first light beam. The light spot formed on the panel of the switching engine 211. Multiple sub-beams from the same input port in1 are arranged in a row along the Z direction, while sub-beams from different input ports are irradiated on the first optical switching engine 211 panel and arranged in different rows along the X direction.

Therefore, in the XY plane, the multiple sub-beams emitted from the first dispersion unit 207 overlap to ensure that the multiple light spots corresponding to the multiple sub-beams emitted from the first dispersion unit 207 can be arranged in the first optical switching engine 211 as One row, and in the ZY plane, the multiple sub-beams emitted from the first dispersion unit 207 can emit from the first dispersion unit 207 at different angles, so that multiple light spots corresponding to the multiple sub-beams can be emitted in the first optical exchange engine 211 In the same row, in different positions. The Z direction is the direction in which the sub-beams 231 and 232 emitted from the first dispersion unit 207 disperse, that is, the Z direction is the direction in which the first dispersion unit 207 causes the multiple sub-beams to generate angular dispersion.

The arrangement of the input port array and the output port array is illustrated with reference to FIG. 5 d , where FIG. 5 d is an example diagram of the arrangement of the input port array and the output port array provided by the embodiment of the present application. The function of the first optical switching engine shown in this embodiment is to deflect the sub-beam from any input port of the input port array to any output port included in the output port array. The input port array includes N input ports, namely in1, in2 to inN. The output port array includes M output ports, namely out1, out2 to outM, where M is any positive integer greater than 1. As shown in the port arrangement 271 shown in Figure 5d, the N input ports included in the input port array 2711 are arranged in a row in the XZ plane. The M output ports included in the output port array 2712 are arranged in a row in the XZ plane. Moreover, in the XZ plane, N input ports and M output ports can be symmetrically distributed. As shown in the port arrangement 272 shown in Figure 5d, N input ports and M output ports are arranged in a row in the XZ plane, and the N input ports and M output ports are asymmetrically distributed, for example, the position Between two adjacent input ports, at least one output port is included. Specifically, output ports 2723, 2724 and 2725 are included between the input port 2721 and the input port 2722. For another example, the input ports included in the input port array may be arranged in a multi-dimensional array, and the multiple output ports included in the output port array may also be arranged in a multi-dimensional array. Specifically, as shown in the port arrangement 273 shown in Figure 5d, the input ports included in the input port array 2731 are arranged in five rows and two columns. The multiple output ports included in the output port array 2732 are also arranged in five rows and two columns. This embodiment does not limit the dimensions of the input port array and the output port array. As shown in the port arrangement 274 shown in Figure 5d, the input ports included in the input port array 2741 are randomly arranged, the multiple output ports included in the output port array 2742 are randomly arranged, and the input port array 2741 and output port array 2742 are arranged in different areas in the XZ plane. As shown in the port arrangement 275 shown in Figure 5d, a plurality of input ports (such as input ports 2751) included in the input port array and a plurality of output ports (such as output ports 2752) included in the output port array are staggered in XZ within the plane.

The sub-beam 231 and the sub-beam 232 emitted from the first dispersion unit 207 are transmitted to the fourth lens group 210 . This embodiment is The number of lenses included in the four-lens group 210 is not limited. The fourth lens group 210 is used to collimate the multiple sub-beams from the first dispersion unit 207 and then make them parallel to the first optical exchange engine 211 . For a description of the first optical switching engine 211 shown in this embodiment, please refer to Figures 3a to 4b, and details will not be described again.

It can be understood that the first optical switching engine 211 deflects the transmission directions of the multiple sub-beams from the fourth lens group 210 to obtain multiple deflected sub-beams. For example, the first optical switching engine 211 deflects the transmission directions of the sub-beams 231 After deflection, the deflected sub-beam 233 is emitted from the first optical switching engine 211. The first optical switching engine 211 deflects the transmission direction of the sub-beam 232, so that the deflected sub-beam 234 is emitted from the first optical switching engine 211. Shoot out.

The fourth lens group 210 converges the deflected sub-beam 233 and the deflected sub-beam 234 to the first dispersion unit 207 . In this embodiment, a lens group for parallel incident of multiple sub-beams from the first dispersion unit 207 to the first optical switching engine 211 and for converging the multiple deflected sub-beams from the first optical switching engine 211 is as follows: The same fourth lens group 210 is used as an example. In other examples, it can also be implemented by different lens groups.

The first dispersion unit 207 combines the deflected sub-beam 233 and the deflected sub-beam 234 to obtain the intermediate beam 235 . The intermediate light beam 235 is transmitted to the reflection area of the first exchange separation module 204 via the third lens group 206 and the second lens group 205 in sequence. The intermediate light beam 235 transmitted to the reflection area of the first exchange separation module 204 can be transmitted to the second separation module 213 via the fifth lens group 214 via reflection of the first exchange separation module 204 . The fifth lens group 214 is used to switch the intermediate light beam in a direction toward the target output port. The reflection area of the second separation module 213 is used to receive the intermediate beam 235 and transmit it to the fourth dispersion unit 217 via the sixth lens group 215 and the seventh lens group 216 in turn. For description, please refer to the descriptions of the second lens group 205 and the third lens group 206 respectively, and details will not be described again. Optionally, the sixth lens group 215 and the second lens group 205 shown in this embodiment can also be the same lens group, and the seventh lens group 216 and the third lens group 206 can also be the same lens group.

The fourth dispersion unit 217 is used to decompose the intermediate beam 235 to obtain multiple intermediate sub-beams. For example, the fourth dispersion unit 217 shown in this embodiment is used to decompose the intermediate beam 235 to obtain the intermediate sub-beam 236 and the intermediate sub-beam 237 . The intermediate sub-beam 236 and the intermediate sub-beam 237 emitted from the fourth dispersion unit 217 are transmitted to the second optical switching engine 219 via the eighth lens group 218 . The intermediate sub-beam 236 and the intermediate sub-beam 237 emitted from the eighth lens group 218 are incident in parallel to the second optical exchange engine 219 . For the description of the eighth lens group 218, please refer to the description of the fourth lens group 210, and details will not be described again. Optionally, the fourth lens group 210 and the eighth lens group 218 shown in this embodiment can also be the same lens group.

The second optical switching engine 219 is used to deflect multiple intermediate sub-beams to obtain multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams. For a description of how the second optical switching engine 219 deflects the transmission direction of multiple intermediate sub-beams, please refer to the description of how the first optical switching engine 211 deflects the transmission direction of multiple intermediate sub-beams, which will not be described in detail. For the first optical switching engine 211, the multiple sub-beams emitted from the fourth lens group 210 are parallel to each other and incident on the first optical switching engine 211. For example, the multiple intermediate sub-beams include a third sub-beam, and the second optical switching engine 219 deflects the transmission direction of the third sub-beam to emit the deflected third sub-beam. For specific instructions on deflecting the third sub-beam by the second optical switching engine 219, please refer to the description of the process of deflecting the first sub-beam by the first optical switching engine 211, which will not be described again.

For example, the deflected intermediate sub-beam 238 and the deflected intermediate sub-beam 239 emitted from the second optical switching engine 219 are transmitted to the second dispersion unit through the eighth lens group 218. This embodiment uses the second dispersion unit and the third dispersion unit. For example, the four dispersion units 217 are the same dispersion unit. The second dispersion unit 217 is used to combine the deflected intermediate sub-beam 238 and the deflected intermediate sub-beam 239 to emit the second beam 240 . The second light beam 240 transmits the transmission area of the second separation module 213 through the seventh lens group 216 and the sixth lens group 215 in sequence. For the description of the seventh lens group 216 and the sixth lens group 215 transmitting the second light beam, please refer to the description of the seventh lens group 216 and the sixth lens group 215 transmitting the intermediate light beam 235, which will not be described again. The second light beam 240 passes through the transmission area of the second separation module 213 and is transmitted to the ninth lens group 220 . The first lens group 203 and the ninth lens group 220 may be the same lens group or different lens groups, and are not specifically limited. The second light emitted from the ninth lens group 220 The beam 240 is parallel and aligned with the target output port 222 included in the output port array 221 to ensure that the second beam 240 emitted from the ninth lens group 220 is output through the target output port 222.

In the above embodiment, the transmission direction of the sub-beam is deflected by the first optical switching engine and the second optical switching engine, and the sub-beam is deflected to the target output port as an example. The WSS shown in this embodiment passes through the first beam refraction unit. The first optical switching engine, the second beam refraction unit and the second optical switching engine are jointly used to deflect the transmission direction of the sub-beam to deflect the sub-beam to the target output port. For a description of the process of transmitting the sub-beam input through the input port of the WSS to the first beam refraction unit, please refer to the description of the process of transmitting the sub-beam input through the input port of the WSS to the first optical switching engine shown in any of the above embodiments. , no details will be given. The following describes several optional structures in which the first beam refraction unit and the first optical exchange engine jointly deflect the transmission direction of the sub-beam:

optional structure 1

This structure is shown in Figure 6a, where Figure 6a is a first structural example diagram of part of the WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application. This example takes the first optical switching engine 708 as a reflection type as an example for illustration. The first beam refraction unit 707 shown in this embodiment can be any optical device such as a wedge prism that can refract the transmission direction of the beam.

The first beam refraction unit 707 shown in this example has a first surface 7071 facing the first optical switching engine 708 and a second surface 7072 facing away from the first surface 7071. The first surface 7071 and the second surface 7072 form a The included angle is the wedge angle δ of the first beam refraction unit 707 . The first beam refraction unit 707 also includes a bottom surface 7073 connected to the first surface 7071 and the second surface 7072.

For example, assuming that any sub-beam included in the multiple sub-beams from the input port is the fourth sub-beam 701, the fourth sub-beam 701 is transmitted to the first beam refraction unit 707. The first beam refraction unit 707 is used to refract the fourth sub-beam 701. Specifically, the first beam refraction unit 707 is used to refract the transmission direction of the fourth sub-beam 701 to output the pre-refracted fourth sub-beam 702. The first beam refraction unit 707 can refract the transmission direction of the fourth sub-beam 701 along the direction of The direction of the bottom surface 7073 is deflected. The first optical switching engine 708 deflects the pre-refracted fourth sub-beam 702 to obtain the deflected fourth sub-beam 704. The deflected fourth sub-beam 704 emitted from the first optical switching engine 708 is incident to the first beam refraction unit 707 again. The first beam refraction unit 707 is used to refract the deflected fourth sub-beam 704 to obtain the refracted fourth sub-beam 705. The first beam refraction unit 707 can deflect the transmission direction of the refracted fourth sub-beam 705 in the direction toward the bottom surface 7073 .

In this embodiment, if the fourth sub-beam 701 needs to be successfully transmitted to the corresponding target output port, the refracted fourth sub-beam 705 needs to be refracted from the second beam refraction unit of the first beam refraction unit 707 at a fourth included angle. Shoot out. The fourth included angle is an acute angle between the reverse extension line of the refracted fourth sub-beam 705 and the extension line of the fourth sub-beam 701 . Relative to the reverse extension line of the fourth sub-beam 701 shown in Figure 6a, the refracted fourth sub-beam 705 is deflected in the counterclockwise direction. The deflected fourth sub-beam 704 is deflected in the counterclockwise direction relative to the reverse extension line of the pre-refracted fourth sub-beam 702 to ensure that the refracted fourth sub-beam 705 can be transmitted to the corresponding target output port.

The deflection angle at which the first optical switching engine 708 actually deflects the pre-refracted fourth sub-beam 702 is the third deflection angle 706. The third deflection angle 706 is an acute angle between the deflected fourth sub-beam 704 and the normal line 709 of the first optical switching engine 708 . As shown in Figure 6a, the absolute value of the third deflection angle 706 is smaller than the absolute value of the fourth included angle. It can be understood that in order to transmit the refracted fourth sub-beam 705 to the target output port, the first optical switching engine 708 only needs to deflect the pre-refracted fourth sub-beam 702 by a smaller angle (ie, the third deflection angle). 706), which can cause the refracted fourth sub-beam 705 emitted from the first beam refraction unit 707 to emit at a larger angle (i.e., the fourth included angle), so that the refracted fourth sub-beam 705 can successfully Transmitted to the corresponding target output port.

In this embodiment, different wedge-shaped prisms can be provided for different sub-beams, for example, as shown in Figure 6b. Figure 6b is a second structural example diagram of part of the WSS provided in the embodiment of the present application. The lens group 700 shown in Figure 6b (the lens group 700 can be the first collimating lens group 252 shown in Figure 2 or the fourth lens group 210 shown in Figure 2, details will not be described again) and the first optical switching engine 708 A refraction module 710 is included between them. The refraction module 710 includes a plurality of wedge-shaped prisms, each wedge-shaped prism is used for Refract a sub-beam from the fourth lens group 700. Different wedge-shaped prisms are used to refract different sub-beams from the fourth lens group 700. For an explanation of how each wedge-shaped prism refracts the sub-beam, please refer to Figure 6a for details. No further details will be given. Optionally, a wedge-shaped prism included in the WSS is used to refract multiple sub-beams from the same input port. For example, the multiple sub-beams from in1 include sub-beam 1, sub-beam 2 to sub-beam L. The WSS includes a wedge prism used to refract multiple sub-beams from in1. A wedge-shaped prism for multiple sub-beams of in1. The wedge-shaped prism is used to refract the sub-beams from in1 including sub-beam 1, sub-beam 2 to sub-beam L. For an explanation of the process of refracting each sub-beam from in1 by the wedge prism shown in this example, please refer to Figure 6b and will not be described in detail. Alternatively, the WSS can include only one wedge prism, which is used to refract any sub-beam from any input port. For an explanation of the process of refracting any sub-beam by the wedge prism shown in this example, please see Figure As shown in 6b, the details will not be repeated.

The first beam refraction unit shown in this structure is an optical device included in the WSS that is independent of the first optical switching engine. Optionally, the first beam refraction unit can also be an optical device on the surface of the first optical switching engine cover. Coating, that is, forming a first beam refraction unit on the cover surface of the first optical switching engine through coating. For the description of the structure of the first beam refraction unit and the process of refracting sub-beams, please refer to the above, and the details will not be repeated.

This embodiment does not limit the specific material of the coating, as long as the coating can form the first beam refraction unit and the second beam refraction unit on the surface of the first optical exchange engine cover plate. For example, the coating material can be magnesium fluoride. , silica, zirconia, etc. For another example, the coating can be a metasurface optical element. The coating technology adopts vacuum cathode arc coating technology, magnetron sputtering coating technology, thermal evaporation coating technology, etc., and is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

Optional structure 2

This structure is shown in Figure 6c, where Figure 6c is a third structural example diagram of part of the WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application. This example takes the first optical switching engine 718 as a reflection type as an example for illustration. The first beam refraction unit 717 shown in this embodiment may be a wedge-shaped prism. For a description of the device type of the first beam refraction unit 717, please refer to the above-mentioned optional structure 1, and the details will not be described again.

In order to enable the fourth sub-beam 711 from the input port array to be transmitted to the target output port, the refracted fourth sub-beam 715 corresponding to the fourth sub-beam 711 needs to be aligned with the reverse extension line of the fourth sub-beam 711. The clockwise direction deflects. In order to ensure that the fourth sub-beam 715 can be deflected clockwise relative to the reverse extension line of the fourth sub-beam 711 after refraction, the bottom surface of the first beam refraction unit 717 shown in this embodiment is located above the sub-beam 711 to ensure that The first beam refraction unit 717 can deflect the refracted fourth sub-beam 715 in the clockwise direction.

Specifically, the fourth sub-beam 711 is transmitted to the first beam refraction unit 717, and the first beam refraction unit 717 is used to refract the fourth sub-beam 711. The first beam refraction unit 717 is used to refract the transmission direction of the fourth sub-beam 711 to output the pre-refracted fourth sub-beam 712. The first beam refraction unit 717 can deflect the propagation direction of the pre-refracted fourth sub-beam 712 in a direction toward the bottom surface of the first beam refraction unit 717 . The first optical switching engine 718 deflects the pre-refracted fourth sub-beam 712 to obtain the deflected fourth sub-beam 714. The deflected fourth sub-beam 714 emitted from the first optical switching engine 718 enters the first beam refraction unit 717 again. The first beam refraction unit 717 is used to refract the deflected fourth sub-beam 714 to obtain the refracted fourth sub-beam 715.

In this embodiment, if the fourth sub-beam 711 needs to be successfully transmitted to the corresponding target output port, the refracted fourth sub-beam 715 needs to be emitted from the second beam refraction unit at a fourth included angle. is the acute angle between the reverse extension line of the refracted fourth sub-beam 715 and the extension line of the fourth sub-beam 711 . If the refracted fourth sub-beam 715 is deflected in the clockwise direction relative to the reverse extension of the fourth sub-beam 711, then the deflected fourth sub-beam 714 is deflected relative to the pre-refracted fourth sub-beam 712. The reverse extension line is deflected in the clockwise direction to ensure that the refracted fourth sub-beam 715 can be transmitted to the corresponding target output port.

The deflection angle of the first optical switching engine 718 that actually deflects the pre-refracted fourth sub-beam 712 is the third deflection angle. 716. For specific descriptions of the third deflection angle 716 and the fourth included angle, please refer to the description of the third deflection angle and the fourth included angle shown in the above-mentioned optional structure 1, and the details will not be repeated. In this example, for the description of setting the number of wedge prisms for the sub-beam coming from the fourth lens group, please refer to the description shown in Figure 6b, which will not be described in detail.

The first beam refraction unit shown in this structure is an optical device included in the WSS that is independent of the first optical switching engine. Optionally, the first beam refraction unit can also be an optical device on the surface of the first optical switching engine cover. Coating, that is, forming a first beam refraction unit on the cover surface of the first optical switching engine through coating. Please refer to Structure 1 for detailed description, which will not be described in detail.

The structure of the WSS including the first beam refraction unit and the second beam refraction unit is exemplarily described with reference to FIG. 6d and FIG. 6e , where FIG. 6d is a third structural example diagram of the WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 6e is a fourth structural example diagram of WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application. The WSS shown in this embodiment includes an input port array 600, a first lens group 603, a first switching separation module 604, a second lens group 605, a third lens group 606, a first dispersion unit 607, and a fourth lens group 610. The first beam refraction unit 707, the first optical exchange engine 611, the fifth lens group 612, the second separation module 613, the sixth lens group 615, the seventh lens group 616, the fourth dispersion unit 617, the eighth lens group 618, The second beam refraction unit 650, the second optical switching engine 619, the ninth lens group 620 and the output port array 621. Among them, the input port array 600, the first lens group 603, the first exchange separation module 604, the second lens group 605, the third lens group 606, the first dispersion unit 607, the fourth lens group 610, the fifth lens group 612, For descriptions of the second separation module 613, the sixth lens group 615, the seventh lens group 616, the fourth dispersion unit 617, the eighth lens group 618, the ninth lens group 620 and the output port array 621, please refer to Figure 5a and Figure 5b The corresponding instructions will not be detailed. The structure of the first beam refraction unit 707 shown in FIG. 6d and FIG. 6e can be referred to the above-mentioned optional structure 1 or optional structure 2, and will not be described in detail.

Specifically, the second beam refraction unit 650 is used to refract multiple intermediate sub-beams to obtain multiple pre-refracted intermediate sub-beams. For the description of the multi-channel intermediate sub-beams, please refer to the description of Figure 5a to Figure 5b, and details will not be repeated. Wherein, the multiple intermediate sub-beams include a fifth sub-beam; the second optical switching engine 650 is used to deflect the multiple pre-refracted intermediate sub-beams to obtain the multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams. There is a fourth deflection angle between the deflected fifth sub-beam and the normal line of the second optical exchange engine; the second beam refraction unit 650 is also used to refract the multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams to obtain The intermediate sub-beam after multi-channel refraction has a fifth included angle between the refracted fifth sub-beam and the fifth sub-beam, and the absolute value of the fourth deflection angle is smaller than the absolute value of the fifth included angle. . For detailed description of the structure of the second beam refraction unit 650 and the transmission direction of the deflected sub-beam, please refer to the description of the structure of the first beam refraction unit 707, and will not be described again.

Using the WSS shown in this embodiment, the first beam refraction unit, the first optical exchange engine, the second beam refraction unit and the second optical exchange engine can deflect the transmission direction of each sub-beam to transmit it to the corresponding target output. port, which effectively reduces the insertion loss during the transmission process of each deflected sub-beam, thereby reducing the overall insertion loss of the WSS and improving the OSNR of the WSS.

As shown in Figures 6a to 6c, the transmission method of the sub-beam is jointly deflected by the first beam refraction unit and the first optical exchange engine. In this embodiment, the third beam refraction unit, the first optical exchange engine and the fourth The beam refraction unit jointly deflects the transmission direction of the sub-beams. For specific instructions, please refer to the description of the following optional structures:

optional structure 1

This structure is shown in Figure 7a, where Figure 7a is a fourth structural example diagram of a partial WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application. This example takes the first optical switching engine 721 as a transmission type as an example for illustration. The third beam refraction unit 722 and the fourth beam refraction unit 723 shown in this embodiment are two different wedge-shaped prisms. For the description of the wedge-shaped prisms, please refer to the above description, and the details will not be repeated.

In order for the sixth sub-beam 728 to be transmitted to the target output port, the refracted corresponding to the sixth sub-beam 728 is required. The sixth sub-beam 724 is deflected in the clockwise direction relative to the extension of the sixth sub-beam 728 . In order to ensure that the sixth sub-beam 724 can be deflected clockwise relative to the extension line of the sixth sub-beam 728 after refraction, the bottom surfaces of the third beam refraction unit 722 and the fourth beam refraction unit 723 shown in this embodiment are located at the sixth sub-beam 724 . Below sub-beam 728.

Specifically, the sixth sub-beam 728 is transmitted to the third beam refraction unit 722, and the third beam refraction unit 722 is used to refract the sixth sub-beam 728. The third beam refraction unit 722 is used to refract the transmission direction of the sixth sub-beam 728 to output the pre-refracted sixth sub-beam 725. The third beam refraction unit 722 can refract the transmission direction of the sixth sub-beam 728 toward the bottom surface. Deflect, so that the pre-refracted sixth sub-beam 725 is deflected in a clockwise direction relative to the extension line of the sixth sub-beam 728 . The first optical switching engine 721 deflects the pre-refracted sixth sub-beam 725 to obtain the deflected sixth sub-beam 726. The fourth beam refraction unit 723 is used to refract the deflected sixth sub-beam 726 to obtain the refracted sixth sub-beam 724.

In this embodiment, if the sixth sub-beam 728 needs to be successfully transmitted to the corresponding target output port, the refracted sixth sub-beam 724 needs to be emitted from the fourth beam refraction unit 723 at a sixth included angle. The angle is an acute angle between the refracted sixth sub-beam 724 and the extension line of the sixth sub-beam 728 . If the refracted sixth sub-beam 727 is deflected in the clockwise direction relative to the extension of the sixth sub-beam 728, then the deflected sixth sub-beam 726 is deflected relative to the extension of the pre-refracted sixth sub-beam 725. It is also deflected in the clockwise direction to ensure that the refracted sixth sub-beam 724 can be transmitted to the corresponding target output port.

The deflection angle at which the first optical switching engine 723 actually deflects the pre-refracted sixth sub-beam 725 is a fifth deflection angle 727, and the absolute value of the fifth deflection angle 727 is less than the absolute value of the sixth included angle. For specific descriptions of the fifth deflection angle 727 and the sixth included angle, please refer to the above description of the third deflection angle and the fourth included angle.

The third beam refraction unit and the fourth beam refraction unit shown in this structure are optical devices included in the WSS that are independent of the first optical switching engine. For example, optionally, in the case where the first optical switching engine 723 is transmissive. Next, the first beam refraction unit is formed on the surface of the first optical exchange engine 723 by coating for receiving the sub-beam, and the second beam refraction unit is formed by coating on the first optical exchange engine 723 for emitting the sub-beam. For the surface of the coating, please refer to Structure 1 for the description of the coating, and the details will not be repeated.

Optionally, the first optical switching engine shown in this embodiment can also be reflective, then the third beam refraction unit is located on the transmission optical path from the first sub-beam to the first optical switching engine, and the fourth beam refraction unit It is located on the transmission optical path of the deflected sub-beam emitted from the first optical switching engine. For a specific description of the transmission direction of the deflected sub-beam, please refer to Figures 6a to 6c, which will not be described again.

Optional structure 2

This structure is shown in Figure 7b, where Figure 7b is an example diagram of the fifth structure of part of the WSS provided by the embodiment of the present application. This example takes the first optical switching engine 731 as a transmission type as an example for illustration. The third beam refraction unit 732 and the fourth beam refraction unit 733 shown in this embodiment are two different wedge-shaped prisms. For the description of the wedge-shaped prisms, please refer to the above description, and the details will not be repeated.

In order for the sixth sub-beam 738 to be transmitted to the target output port, the refracted sixth sub-beam 734 corresponding to the sixth sub-beam 738 needs to be deflected counterclockwise relative to the extension line of the sixth sub-beam 738 . In order to ensure that the sixth sub-beam 734 can be deflected counterclockwise relative to the extension line of the sixth sub-beam 738 after refraction, the bottom surfaces of the third beam refraction unit 732 and the fourth beam refraction unit 733 shown in this embodiment are located at the sixth sub-beam 734 . above the sub-beam 738 to ensure that the sixth sub-beam 734 can be deflected counterclockwise relative to the extension line of the sixth sub-beam 738 after refraction.

Specifically, the sixth sub-beam 738 is transmitted to the third beam refraction unit 732, and the third beam refraction unit 732 is used to refract the sixth sub-beam 738. The first beam refraction unit 731 is used to refract the transmission direction of the sixth sub-beam 738 to output the pre-refracted sixth sub-beam 735. The third beam refraction unit 732 can refract the transmission direction of the sixth sub-beam 738 toward the bottom surface. deflection. The first optical switching engine 731 deflects the pre-refracted sixth sub-beam 735 to obtain the deflected sixth sub-beam 736. fourth The beam refraction unit 733 is used to refract the deflected sixth sub-beam 736 to obtain the refracted sixth sub-beam 734.

In this embodiment, if the sixth sub-beam 738 needs to be successfully transmitted to the corresponding target output port, the refracted sixth sub-beam 734 needs to be emitted from the fourth beam refraction unit 733 at a sixth included angle. The angle is an acute angle between the reverse extension line of the refracted sixth sub-beam 734 and the extension line of the sixth sub-beam 738 . If the refracted sixth sub-beam 734 is deflected in the counterclockwise direction relative to the extension line of the sixth sub-beam 738, then the deflected sixth sub-beam 736 is also deflected in the counterclockwise direction relative to the extension line of the sixth sub-beam 738. The direction is deflected to ensure that the refracted sixth sub-beam 734 can be transmitted to the corresponding target output port.

The deflection angle at which the first optical switching engine 733 actually deflects the pre-refracted sixth sub-beam 735 is the fifth deflection angle 737. For specific descriptions of the fifth deflection angle 737 and the sixth included angle, please refer to the above-mentioned optional structure 1. The explanation of the fifth deflection angle and the sixth included angle shown above will not be repeated in details.

The third beam refraction unit and the fourth beam refraction unit shown in this structure are optical devices included in the WSS that are independent of the first optical switching engine. For example, optionally, in the case where the first optical switching engine 731 is transmissive. Next, the first beam refraction unit is formed on the surface of the first optical exchange engine 731 by coating for receiving the sub-beam, and the second beam refraction unit is formed by coating on the first optical exchange engine 731 for emitting the sub-beam. For the surface of the coating, please refer to Structure 1 for the description of the coating, and the details will not be repeated.

Based on what is shown in Figure 7a and Figure 7b, this embodiment shows that the fifth beam refraction unit, the second optical exchange engine and the sixth beam refraction unit can jointly deflect the transmission direction of the sub-beam. For specific instructions, please refer to the above. The description of the transmission direction of the deflected sub-beam by the third beam refraction unit, the first optical exchange engine and the fourth beam refraction unit will not be described in detail.

The structure of yet another WSS according to this embodiment is illustratively described with reference to Figures 8a and 8b. Figure 8a is an example diagram of the fifth structure of the WSS provided by the embodiment of this application, and Figure 8b is an example of the implementation of this application. The example provides an example diagram of the sixth structure of WSS.

The WSS shown in this embodiment includes an input port array 800, a first lens group 803, a first switching separation module 804, a second lens group 805, a third lens group 806, a first dispersion unit 807, and a fourth lens group 810. The first optical switching engine 811, the fifth lens group 812, the second separation module 813, the sixth lens group 815, the seventh lens group 816, the fourth dispersion unit 817, the eighth lens group 818, the second optical switching engine 819, The ninth lens group 820 and the output port array 821. Among them, the input port array 800, the first lens group 803, the first exchange separation module 804, the second lens group 805, the third lens group 806, the first dispersion unit 807, the fourth lens group 810, the fifth lens group 812, Description of the second separation module 813, the sixth lens group 815, the seventh lens group 816, the fourth dispersion unit 817, the eighth lens group 818, the ninth lens group 820 and the output port array 821, as well as what is shown in this embodiment The description of WSS deflecting the sub-beam from any input port to any output port is shown in Figure 2, and the details will not be described again.

The first optical switching engine 811 shown in this embodiment is in a state perpendicular to the ZY plane. As shown in this embodiment, a metasurface optical element is added to the first optical switching engine 811. The first optical switching engine 811 with the added metasurface optical element can deflect each sub-beam in the process of the first optical switching engine, so that each sub-beam can The absolute value of the deflection angle corresponding to the light beam is smaller than the absolute value of the included angle at which it emerges. In the case where the first optical switching engine including the metasurface optical element emits the deflected sub-beam from the first optical switching engine at a larger included angle based on a smaller deflection angle, the first optical switching engine is effectively reduced Insertion loss introduced by deflecting each sub-beam. For the description of the second optical switching engine 819, please refer to the description of the first optical switching engine 811, and details will not be described again. The structure of the first optical switching engine 811 provided in this embodiment will be described below with reference to Figure 9. Among them, FIG. 9 is a structural example diagram of an embodiment of the first optical switching engine provided by the embodiment of the present application.

The first optical switching engine 811 shown in this embodiment specifically includes a cover plate 901, a transparent electrode 902, a liquid crystal layer 903, a reflective coating 904, a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) substrate 905 and a printed circuit Board (printed circuit board, PCB) 906. This embodiment also includes a metasurface optical element 910 located between the liquid crystal layer 903 and the reflective coating 904 . Among them, the cover plate 901, the transparent electrode 902, the liquid crystal layer 903, the metasurface optical element 910, the reflective coating 904, the CMOS substrate 905 and the PCB 906 are connected in sequence.

In this embodiment, the sub-beam from the fourth lens group 810 sequentially passes through the cover 901, the transparent electrode 902, and the liquid crystal layer 903 and is illuminated on the meta-surface optical element 910. The meta-surface optical element 910 is used to refract the sub-beam to reflect the reflective coating. 904 outputs the pre-refracted sub-beam. The reflective coating 904 reflects the pre-refracted sub-beam to output the reflected sub-beam to the metasurface optical element 910 , and the metasurface optical element 910 is used to refract the reflected sub-beam to output the refracted sub-beam to the liquid crystal layer 903 . The liquid crystal layer 903 is used to deflect the reflected sub-beam to output the deflected sub-beam. The structure of the metasurface optical element 910 shown in this embodiment is a wedge-shaped prism structure. The structure of the wedge-shaped prism can reduce the insertion loss. Please refer to the description. The above description of the wedge prism will not be repeated in detail.

Optionally, the metasurface optical element 910 shown in this embodiment can also be located between the cover plate 901 and the transparent electrode 902, or between the transparent electrode 902 and the liquid crystal layer 903, which is not limited in this embodiment.

The embodiment of the present application provides a method for scheduling the light beam transmission direction as shown in FIG. 10 , where FIG. 10 is a first step flow chart of the method for scheduling the light beam transmission direction provided by the embodiment of the present application.

Step 1001: The WSS sends the first light beam to the first dispersion unit through the input port array.

Step 1002: WSS decomposes the first beam through the first dispersion unit to obtain multiple sub-beams.

Step 1003: The WSS deflects multiple sub-beams through the first optical switching engine to obtain multiple deflected sub-beams.

Step 1004: The WSS deflects the multiple deflected sub-beams to the second dispersion unit through the second optical switching engine.

Step 1005: The WSS combines the multiple deflected sub-beams through the second dispersion unit to obtain the second beam.

Step 1006: The WSS outputs the second beam through the output port array.

The structure of the WSS shown in this embodiment and the process of deflecting the transmission direction of the first light beam to output it through the output port array are shown in Figure 2, and details will not be described again. The structure of the first optical switching engine and the second optical switching engine shown in this embodiment and the description of the transmission direction of the deflected sub-beams are shown in Figures 3a to 4b, and details will not be described again.

FIG. 11 is a second step flow chart of the method for scheduling the beam transmission direction provided by the embodiment of the present application.

Step 1101: The WSS sends the first light beam to the first dispersion unit through the input port array.

Step 1102: The WSS decomposes the first beam through the first dispersion unit to obtain multiple sub-beams.

Step 1103: The WSS deflects multiple sub-beams through the first optical switching engine to obtain multiple deflected sub-beams.

Step 1104: The WSS combines the multiple deflected sub-beams through the third dispersion unit to obtain the intermediate beam.

Step 1105: The WSS decomposes the intermediate beam through the fourth dispersion unit to obtain multiple intermediate sub-beams.

Step 1106: The WSS deflects multiple intermediate sub-beams through the second optical switching engine to obtain multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams.

Step 1107: The WSS combines the multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams through the second dispersion unit to obtain the second beam.

Step 1108: The WSS outputs the second beam through the output port array.

The structure of the WSS shown in this embodiment and the process of deflecting the transmission direction of the first light beam to output through the output port array are shown in FIG. 5a to FIG. 5b , and details will not be described again.

FIG. 12 is a third step flow chart of a method for scheduling a beam transmission direction provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Step 1201: The WSS sends the first light beam to the first dispersion unit through the input port array.

Step 1202: The WSS decomposes the first beam through the first dispersion unit to obtain multiple sub-beams.

Step 1203: The WSS refracts multiple sub-beams through the first beam refraction unit to obtain multiple pre-refracted sub-beams.

Step 1204: The WSS deflects multiple pre-refracted sub-beams through the first optical switching engine to obtain multiple deflected sub-beams.

Step 1205: The WSS refracts multiple deflected sub-beams through the first beam refraction unit to obtain multiple refracted sub-beams.

Step 1206: The WSS deflects the multi-channel refracted sub-beams to the second dispersion unit through the second optical switching engine.

Step 1207: The WSS combines the multiple refracted sub-beams through the second dispersion unit to obtain the second beam.

Step 1208: The WSS outputs the second beam through the output port array.

The structure of the WSS shown in this embodiment can be seen in Figures 6a to 6e. The specific structure and the description of the process of deflecting the transmission direction of the first beam to output the second beam can be seen in Figures 6a to 6e. The specific structure is shown in Figures 6a to 6e. No further details will be given.

FIG. 13 is a fourth step flow chart of a method for scheduling a beam transmission direction provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Step 1301: The WSS sends the first light beam to the first dispersion unit through the input port array.

Step 1302: The WSS decomposes the first beam through the first dispersion unit to obtain multiple sub-beams.

Step 1303: The WSS refracts multiple sub-beams through the first beam refraction unit to obtain multiple pre-refracted sub-beams.

Step 1304: The WSS deflects multiple pre-refracted sub-beams through the first optical switching engine to obtain multiple deflected sub-beams.

Step 1305: The WSS refracts multiple deflected sub-beams through the first beam refraction unit to obtain multiple refracted sub-beams.

Step 1306: The WSS combines the multiple refracted sub-beams through the third dispersion unit to obtain the intermediate beam.

Step 1307: The WSS decomposes the intermediate beam through the fourth dispersion unit to obtain multiple intermediate sub-beams.

Step 1308: The WSS refracts multiple intermediate sub-beams through the second beam refraction unit to obtain multiple pre-refracted intermediate sub-beams.

Step 1309: The WSS deflects multiple pre-refracted intermediate sub-beams through the second optical switching engine to obtain multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams.

Step 1310: The WSS refracts multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams through the second beam refraction unit to obtain multiple refracted intermediate sub-beams.

Step 1311: The WSS combines the multi-path refracted intermediate sub-beams through the second dispersion unit to obtain the second beam.

Step 1312: The WSS outputs the second beam through the output port array.

Figure 14 is a fifth step flow chart of the scheduling method of beam transmission direction provided by the embodiment of the present application.

Step 1401: The WSS sends the first light beam to the first dispersion unit through the input port array.

Step 1402: The WSS decomposes the first beam through the first dispersion unit to obtain multiple sub-beams.

Step 1403: The WSS refracts multiple sub-beams through the third beam refraction unit to obtain multiple pre-refracted sub-beams.

Step 1404: The WSS deflects multiple pre-refracted sub-beams through the first optical switching engine to obtain multiple deflected sub-beams.

Step 1405: The WSS refracts the multiple deflected sub-beams through the fourth beam refraction unit to obtain multiple refracted sub-beams.

Step 1406: The WSS deflects the multi-channel refracted sub-beams to the second dispersion unit through the second optical switching engine.

Step 1407: The WSS combines the multiple refracted sub-beams through the second dispersion unit to obtain the second beam.

Step 1408: The WSS outputs the second beam through the output port array.

The structure of the WSS shown in this embodiment can be seen in Figures 7a to 7b. The specific structure and the description of the process of deflecting the transmission direction of the first beam to output the second beam can be seen in Figures 7a to 7b. The specific structure is shown in Figures 7a to 7b. No further details will be given.

Step 1501: The WSS sends the first light beam to the first dispersion unit through the input port array.

Step 1502: The WSS decomposes the first beam through the first dispersion unit to obtain multiple sub-beams.

Step 1503: The WSS refracts multiple sub-beams through the third beam refraction unit to obtain multiple pre-refracted sub-beams.

Step 1504: The WSS deflects multiple pre-refracted sub-beams through the first optical switching engine to obtain multiple deflected sub-beams.

Step 1505: The WSS refracts multiple deflected sub-beams through the fourth beam refraction unit to obtain multiple refracted sub-beams.

Step 1506: The WSS combines the multiple refracted sub-beams through the third dispersion unit to obtain the intermediate beam.

Step 1507: The WSS decomposes the intermediate beam through the fourth dispersion unit to obtain multiple intermediate sub-beams.

Step 1508: The WSS refracts multiple intermediate sub-beams through the fifth beam refraction unit to obtain multiple pre-refracted intermediate sub-beams.

Step 1509: The WSS deflects multiple pre-refracted intermediate sub-beams through the second optical switching engine to obtain multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams.

Step 1510: The WSS refracts multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams through the sixth beam refraction unit to obtain multiple refracted intermediate sub-beams.

Step 1511: The WSS combines the multi-path refracted intermediate sub-beams through the second dispersion unit to obtain the second beam.

Step 1512: The WSS outputs the second beam through the output port array.

As mentioned above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the foregoing. The technical solutions described in each embodiment may be modified, or some of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; however, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of each embodiment of the present invention.

Claims

A wavelength selective switch, characterized in that it includes: an input port, a first dispersion unit, a first optical switching engine, a second optical switching engine, a second dispersion unit and an output port array;

The input port is used to send a first light beam to the first dispersion unit;

The first dispersion unit is used to decompose the first beam to obtain multiple sub-beams;

The first optical switching engine is used to deflect the multiple sub-beams to obtain multiple deflected sub-beams. There is a deflection angle between each deflected sub-beam and the normal line of the first optical switching engine, Wherein, the multiple sub-beams include a first sub-beam, and the absolute value of the first deflection angle corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam is not less than the absolute value of the deflection angle corresponding to any other sub-beam; the deflected third sub-beam There is a first included angle between a sub-beam and the first sub-beam, and the absolute value of the first deflection angle is smaller than the absolute value of the first included angle;

The second optical switching engine is used to deflect the multiple deflected sub-beams to the second dispersion unit;

The second dispersion unit is used to combine the multiple deflected sub-beams to obtain a second beam;

The output port array is used to output the second light beam.
The wavelength selective switch according to claim 1, wherein the first optical switching engine is of transmission type, and the first included angle is the difference between the deflected first sub-beam and the first sub-beam. An acute angle between extended lines.
The wavelength selective switch according to claim 1, wherein the first optical switching engine is reflective, and the first included angle is the difference between the deflected first sub-beam and the first sub-beam. acute angle between.
The wavelength selective switch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the absolute value of the first deflection angle is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the first included angle and the pretilt angle, and the pretilt angle The angle is an acute angle between the first sub-beam and the normal line of the first light exchange engine.
The wavelength selective switch according to claim 4, wherein the absolute value of the pretilt angle is less than the absolute value of the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle;

Each of the deflected sub-beams emits from the first optical switching engine at a corresponding included angle, and the first included angle corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam is greater than that of any other sub-beam. The absolute value of the angle;

The multiple sub-beams include a second sub-beam. The second sub-beam is deflected by the first optical switching engine into a deflected second sub-beam. The deflected second sub-beam corresponds to the deflected second sub-beam. The absolute value of the second included angle is not greater than the absolute value of the included angle corresponding to any other sub-beam.
The wavelength selective switch according to claim 5, wherein the absolute value of the pretilt angle is not less than 0.4 times the absolute value of the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle, and the The absolute value of the pretilt angle is not greater than 0.6 times the absolute value of the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle.
The wavelength selective switch according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the wavelength selective switch further includes a third dispersion unit and a fourth dispersion unit;

The third dispersion unit is used to combine the multiple deflected sub-beams to obtain an intermediate beam;

The fourth dispersion unit is used to decompose the intermediate beam to obtain multiple intermediate sub-beams;

The second optical switching engine is used to deflect the multiple intermediate sub-beams to obtain multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams. There is a distance between each deflected intermediate sub-beam and the normal line of the second optical switching engine. An intermediate deflection angle, wherein the multiple intermediate sub-beams include a third sub-beam, and the absolute value of the second deflection angle corresponding to the deflected third sub-beam is not less than the intermediate deflection angle corresponding to any other intermediate sub-beam. The absolute value of; there is a third included angle between the deflected third sub-beam and the third sub-beam, and the absolute value of the second deflection angle is smaller than the absolute value of the third included angle;

The second dispersion unit is used to combine the multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams to obtain the second light beam.
The wavelength selective switch according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the wavelength selective switch includes an input port array, the input port array includes N ports, and the input port is one of the N ports. One, the N is any positive integer not less than 1.
A method for scheduling light beam transmission direction, characterized in that the method is applied to a wavelength selective switch, and the wavelength selective switch includes an input port, a first dispersion unit, a first optical switching engine, a second optical switching engine, and a second optical switching engine. Dispersion unit and output port array, the method includes:

Send a first light beam to the first dispersion unit through the input port;

Decompose the first beam through the first dispersion unit to obtain multiple sub-beams;

The first optical switching engine deflects the multiple sub-beams to obtain multiple deflected sub-beams, and each deflected sub-beam has a deflection angle with the normal line of the first optical switching engine, where , the multiple sub-beams include a first sub-beam, and the absolute value of the first deflection angle corresponding to the deflected first sub-beam is not less than the absolute value of the deflection angle corresponding to any other sub-beam; the deflected first sub-beam There is a first included angle between the sub-beam and the first sub-beam, and the absolute value of the first deflection angle is less than the absolute value of the first included angle;

Deflect the multiple deflected sub-beams to the second dispersion unit through the second optical switching engine;

Combine the multiple deflected sub-beams through the second dispersion unit to obtain a second beam;

The second light beam is output through the output port array.
The method of claim 9, wherein the first optical switching engine is of transmission type, and the first included angle is an extension line of the deflected first sub-beam and the first sub-beam. acute angle between.
The method of claim 9, wherein the first optical switching engine is reflective, and the first included angle is the angle between the deflected first sub-beam and the first sub-beam. acute angle.
The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the absolute value of the first deflection angle is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the first included angle and the pretilt angle, and the pretilt angle is An acute angle between the first sub-beam and the normal line of the first light exchange engine.
The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the absolute value of the pretilt angle is less than the absolute value of the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle;

Each of the deflected sub-beams emerges from the first optical switching engine at a corresponding angle. The first included angle corresponding to the first sub-beam is greater than the absolute value of the included angle corresponding to any other sub-beam;

The multiple sub-beams include a second sub-beam. The second sub-beam is deflected by the first optical switching engine into a deflected second sub-beam. The deflected second sub-beam corresponds to the deflected second sub-beam. The absolute value of the second included angle is not greater than the absolute value of the included angle corresponding to any other sub-beam.
The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the absolute value of the pretilt angle is not less than 0.4 times the absolute value of the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle, and the pretilt angle The absolute value of the angle is not greater than 0.6 times the absolute value of the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle.
The method according to any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein the wavelength selective switch further includes a third dispersion unit and a fourth dispersion unit, and the second dispersion unit combines the multiple channels Before deflecting the sub-beam to obtain the second beam, the method further includes:

The multiple deflected sub-beams are combined by the third dispersion unit to obtain an intermediate beam;

Decompose the intermediate beam through the fourth dispersion unit to obtain multiple intermediate sub-beams;

The multiple intermediate sub-beams are deflected by the second optical switching engine to obtain multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams. There is a distance between each deflected intermediate sub-beam and the normal line of the second optical switching engine. Intermediate deflection angle, wherein the multiple intermediate sub-beams include a third sub-beam, and the absolute value of the second deflection angle corresponding to the deflected third sub-beam is not less than the intermediate deflection angle corresponding to any other intermediate sub-beam. Absolute value; there is a third included angle between the deflected third sub-beam and the third sub-beam, and the absolute value of the second deflection angle is less than the absolute value of the third included angle;

Combining the multiple deflected sub-beams through the second dispersion unit to obtain the second beam includes:

The multiple deflected intermediate sub-beams are combined by the second dispersion unit to obtain the second beam.
An optical switching node, characterized in that the optical switching node includes a plurality of wavelength selective switches, and two different wavelength selective switches are connected through optical fibers. The wavelength selective switches are as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 mentioned in the item.