WO2024001076A1 - 终端设备及通信系统 - Google Patents

终端设备及通信系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024001076A1
WO2024001076A1 PCT/CN2022/139745 CN2022139745W WO2024001076A1 WO 2024001076 A1 WO2024001076 A1 WO 2024001076A1 CN 2022139745 W CN2022139745 W CN 2022139745W WO 2024001076 A1 WO2024001076 A1 WO 2024001076A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna radiator
electromagnetic wave
wave signal
spacing
distance
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2022/139745
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
雍征东
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Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
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Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
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Publication of WO2024001076A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024001076A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of positioning technology, and specifically to a terminal device and a communication system.
  • the angle of arrival can be determined to achieve positioning.
  • the phase difference of the electromagnetic wave signal received by the antenna radiator is related to the spacing between the phase centers of the antenna radiator.
  • the arrangement requirements of antenna radiators are relatively high, and the accuracy of the determined angle of arrival is low.
  • This application provides a terminal device and a communication system that can improve the angle of arrival accuracy.
  • this application provides a terminal device, including:
  • the first antenna radiator is used to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the device under test
  • the second antenna radiator is arranged along the first target direction with the first antenna radiator, and is used to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the phase center of the second antenna radiator is consistent with the phase center of the first antenna radiator.
  • the spacing between phase centers is the first spacing;
  • a third antenna radiator is arranged along the first target direction with the first antenna radiator, and is used to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the phase center of the third antenna radiator is consistent with the first antenna radiation.
  • the spacing between the phase centers of the bodies is a second spacing, wherein at least one of the second spacing and the first spacing is greater than a half-wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal;
  • a processor configured to obtain a first phase difference between the first antenna radiator and the second antenna radiator when receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal, and to obtain a first phase difference between the third antenna radiator and the first antenna radiator.
  • the second phase difference of the first electromagnetic wave signal is received between the antenna radiators, and used to determine the first phase difference according to the first phase difference, the second phase difference, the first spacing, and the second spacing. The angle of arrival of an electromagnetic wave signal.
  • this application also provides a communication system, including a device to be tested and the terminal device.
  • the device to be tested is configured to transmit the first electromagnetic wave signal to the terminal device.
  • the terminal equipment provided by this application is provided with a first antenna radiator, a second antenna radiator, a third antenna radiator and a processor, so that the first antenna radiator, the second antenna radiator and the third antenna radiator are all used for Receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal, since the second antenna radiator and the first antenna radiator are arranged along the first target direction, the third antenna radiator and the first antenna radiator are arranged along the first target direction, and the second antenna radiator
  • the distance between the phase center of the third antenna radiator and the phase center of the first antenna radiator is the first distance
  • the distance between the phase center of the third antenna radiator and the phase center of the first antenna radiator is the second distance
  • the second distance is equal to At least one of the first spacings is greater than a half-wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal, so that at least one of the first antenna radiator and the second antenna radiator, and the first antenna radiator and the third antenna radiator can be out of phase.
  • the distance between centers is less than or equal to the half-wavelength limit of the electromagnetic wave signal, which improves the freedom of arrangement of antenna radiators and facilitates the layout of terminal equipment.
  • the processor receives a first phase difference of the first electromagnetic wave signal between the first antenna radiator and the second antenna radiator, and a second phase difference of the first electromagnetic wave signal received between the third antenna radiator and the first antenna radiator.
  • the first distance and the second distance determine the arrival angle of the first electromagnetic wave signal, which can be used to realize the positioning of the device under test.
  • At least one of the second spacing and the first spacing is greater than half the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal, which can improve the accuracy of the determined angle of arrival.
  • the communication system provided by this application has high positioning accuracy because it has the above-mentioned terminal equipment.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of determining the angle of arrival of the two antenna radiators of the terminal device
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the signal phase difference and the arrival angle of the first electromagnetic wave signal received by the antenna radiator of the terminal device shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the terminal equipment in the communication system shown in Figure 1, in which the first antenna radiator, the second antenna radiator and the third antenna radiator are arranged in order;
  • Figure 5 is another schematic diagram of the relationship between the signal phase difference and the arrival angle of the first electromagnetic wave signal received by the antenna radiator of the terminal device shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the terminal device shown in Figure 4 in which the first antenna radiator can be located between the second antenna radiator and the third antenna radiator;
  • Figure 7 is another structural schematic diagram of the terminal equipment in the communication system shown in Figure 1, in which the first antenna radiator, the second antenna radiator and the third antenna radiator are arranged in order;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram in which the first antenna radiator of the terminal device shown in Figure 7 can be located between the second antenna radiator and the third antenna radiator;
  • FIG 9 is another structural schematic diagram of the terminal equipment in the communication system shown in Figure 1, in which the first antenna radiator is located between the second antenna radiator and the third antenna radiator;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram in which the first antenna radiator, the second antenna radiator and the third antenna radiator of the terminal device shown in Figure 9 can be arranged in sequence;
  • FIG 11 is a circuit block diagram in which the terminal equipment shown in Figure 4 also includes three first signal receiving units;
  • Figure 12 is a circuit block diagram of the terminal equipment shown in Figure 4 including a signal transmitting unit, two first signal receiving units and a switch;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the terminal equipment shown in Figure 4 further including a fourth antenna radiator, wherein the fourth antenna radiator and the first antenna radiator are arranged along the second target direction, and the second target direction is perpendicular to the first target direction. ;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram in which the fourth antenna radiator and the first antenna radiator of the terminal device shown in Figure 13 are arranged along the second target direction, and the second target direction and the first target direction may not be perpendicular;
  • Figure 15 is a circuit block diagram in which the fourth antenna radiator and the second antenna radiator of the terminal device shown in Figure 13 share the same first signal receiving unit;
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram in which the terminal equipment shown in Figure 13 further includes a fifth antenna radiator, in which the first antenna radiator, the fourth antenna radiator and the fifth antenna radiator are arranged in sequence;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram in which the first antenna radiator of the terminal device shown in Figure 16 can be located between the fourth antenna radiator and the fifth antenna radiator;
  • Figure 18 is another structural schematic diagram in which the terminal equipment shown in Figure 16 also includes a fifth antenna radiator, in which the first antenna radiator, the fourth antenna radiator and the fifth antenna radiator are arranged in sequence;
  • Figure 19 is a schematic structural diagram in which the first antenna radiator of the terminal device shown in Figure 18 can be located between the fourth antenna radiator and the fifth antenna radiator;
  • Figure 20 is another structural schematic diagram of the terminal equipment shown in Figure 16 further including a fifth antenna radiator, wherein the first antenna radiator is located between the fourth antenna radiator and the fifth antenna radiator;
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram in which the first antenna radiator, the fourth antenna radiator and the fifth antenna radiator of the terminal device shown in FIG. 20 can be arranged in sequence.
  • FIG 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system 100 includes a device under test 2 and a terminal device 1 .
  • the device under test 2 is used to transmit a first electromagnetic wave signal to the terminal device 1 .
  • the device under test 2 includes an antenna radiator 21 capable of transmitting a first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the device 2 under test may be, but is not limited to: a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a mobile device (for example, a mobile phone (cell phone), a portable music player, a personal digital assistant, a dedicated messaging device, a portable game device, a vehicle-mounted device, and a wearable device).
  • the terminal device 1 includes an array composed of multiple antenna radiators.
  • the antenna radiator of the terminal device 1 can receive the first electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the antenna radiator 21 of the device under test 2 .
  • the terminal device 1 may be, but is not limited to: a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a mobile device (for example, a mobile phone (cell phone), a portable music player, a personal digital assistant, a dedicated messaging device, a portable game device, a vehicle-mounted device, and a wearable device )wait.
  • the device to be tested 2 and the terminal device 1 take a mobile phone as an example.
  • the first electromagnetic wave signal transmitted by the device under test 2 to the terminal device 1 includes but is not limited to ultra-wideband (Ultra Wide Band, UWB) signal, Bluetooth signal, Global Positioning System (Global Positioning System, GPS) signal, etc.
  • UWB Ultra-wideband
  • Bluetooth Bluetooth
  • Global Positioning System Global Positioning System
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • the embodiment of this application takes UWB signal as an example for description.
  • UWB is a short-range wireless communication method. Its transmission distance is usually within 10m and uses a bandwidth of more than 1GHz.
  • UWB does not use carrier waves, but uses nanosecond to microsecond non-sinusoidal narrow pulses to transmit data. Therefore, it occupies a wide spectrum range and is suitable for high-speed, short-range wireless personal communications.
  • FCC stipulates that the operating frequency band of UWB ranges from 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz, and the minimum operating bandwidth is 500MHz.
  • the current mainstream UWB frequency bands have center frequencies of 6.5GHz and 8GHz,
  • the basic principle of the communication system 100 to implement Angle of Arrival (AOA) measurement can be understood as: the device under test 2 emits a first electromagnetic wave signal through the antenna radiator 21 . Since the distances between the multiple antenna radiators of the terminal device 1 and the antenna radiators of the device under test 2 are different, the first electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the device under test 2 takes different paths to reach the multiple antenna radiators of the terminal device 1. That is, additional path differences are introduced, so that the first electromagnetic wave signal reaches multiple antenna radiators to form an additional time difference. The additional time difference causes the first electromagnetic wave signal received by the terminal device 1 to generate a signal phase difference (Phase Difference of Arrival, PDOA). .
  • Phase Difference of Arrival Phase Difference of Arrival
  • the signal phase difference PDOA is related to the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal, the spacing between phase centers between the plurality of antenna radiators, and the arrival angle AOA. Therefore, when the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal is known, the arrival angle can be determined by the signal phase difference PDOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal received by the plurality of antenna radiators of the terminal device 1 and the spacing between the phase centers between the plurality of antenna radiators. AOA.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of determining the angle of arrival AOA by the two antenna radiators of the terminal device 1 in a two-dimensional coordinate system.
  • D is much larger than ⁇ , therefore, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ .
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • d is the distance between the phase centers of the two antenna radiators of terminal equipment 1.
  • the additional time difference between the two antenna radiators of terminal equipment 1 is t 1 , c is the wave speed.
  • the signal phase difference PDOA is The angle of arrival AOA is ⁇ ,
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the signal phase difference PDOA and the angle of arrival AOA when the antenna radiator of the terminal device 1 receives the first electromagnetic wave signal shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the wavelength ⁇ of the first electromagnetic wave signal is 36.4 mm to 48 mm.
  • the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 is 18.2mm ⁇ 24mm. In the following embodiments, it is taken as an example that the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal is 18 mm unless otherwise specified.
  • Figure 3 (a), (b), and (c) show that the spacing between the phase centers of the two antenna radiators is 5mm, 10mm, and 15mm respectively, and the spacing between the phase centers of the two antenna radiators is The signal phase difference PDOA curve at half wavelength ⁇ /2. It can be seen from Figure 3 that when the distance between the phase centers of the two antenna radiators is less than half wavelength ⁇ /2, the slope of the signal phase difference PDOA curve decreases. , the accuracy of the determined angle of arrival AOA is low. To this end, this application proposes a terminal device 1, which is conducive to improving the measurement accuracy of the angle of arrival AOA, and has a high degree of freedom in the arrangement of the antenna radiators.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the terminal device 1 provided by this application.
  • the terminal device 1 includes a first antenna radiator 10 , a second antenna radiator 11 , a third antenna radiator 12 and a processor 13 .
  • the first antenna radiator 10 may be an antenna radiator with a regular shape (for example, triangle, rectangle, square, circle, other polygon, sphere, etc.), or may be an antenna radiator with a special shape (for example, F-shape, E-shape, etc.) body.
  • the material of the first antenna radiator 10 can be conductive materials such as metal, alloy, carbon fiber, composite polymer, etc. Taking the terminal device 1 as a mobile phone as an example, the first antenna radiator 10 can be located in the display screen of the terminal device 1, between the display screen and the back cover, on the back cover, etc. This application does not specifically limit the position and size of the first antenna radiator 10 in the terminal device 1 .
  • the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 is the position of the equivalent point source of electromagnetic radiation from the first antenna radiator 10 .
  • the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 can be understood as the geometric center of the first antenna radiator 10 , and a slight deviation is allowed.
  • the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 may be located at the geometric center of the first antenna radiator 10 , or may be located in any direction of the first antenna radiator 10 (for example: The center of the first target direction, the second target direction, etc.) may also be located at other positions of the first antenna radiator 10 .
  • the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 that is, the geometric center of the first antenna radiator 10 is taken as an example unless otherwise specified.
  • the first antenna radiator 10 is used to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the second antenna radiator 11 may be an antenna radiator with a regular shape (for example, triangle, rectangle, square, circle, other polygon, sphere, etc.), or may be an antenna radiator with a special shape (for example, F-shape, E-shape, etc.) body.
  • the material of the second antenna radiator 11 can be conductive materials such as metal, alloy, carbon fiber, composite polymer, etc. Taking the terminal device 1 as a mobile phone as an example, the second antenna radiator 11 can be located in the display screen of the terminal device 1, between the display screen and the back cover, on the back cover, etc. This application does not specifically limit the position and size of the second antenna radiator 11 in the terminal device 1 .
  • the phase center of the second antenna radiator 11 is the position of the equivalent point source of electromagnetic radiation from the second antenna radiator 11 .
  • the phase center of the second antenna radiator 11 can be understood as the geometric center of the second antenna radiator 11 , and a slight deviation is allowed.
  • the phase center of the second antenna radiator 11 may be located at the geometric center of the second antenna radiator 11 , or may be located in any direction of the second antenna radiator 11 (for example: The center of the first target direction, the second target direction, etc.) may also be located at other positions of the second antenna radiator 11.
  • the phase center of the second antenna radiator 11 that is, the geometric center of the second antenna radiator 11 is taken as an example unless otherwise specified.
  • the shape, material, and size of the second antenna radiator 11 may be the same as or different from the shape, material, and size of the first antenna radiator 10 .
  • the second antenna radiator 11 is used to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the second antenna radiator 11 and the first antenna radiator 10 are arranged along the first target direction.
  • the first target direction may be a horizontal direction, a vertical direction, or other directions.
  • the horizontal direction can be understood as the width direction of the terminal device 1, and reference can be made to the X-axis direction in the drawings; the vertical direction can be understood as the length direction of the terminal device 1, and reference can be made to the Y-axis direction in the drawings.
  • the first target direction is the horizontal direction as an example.
  • the distance between the phase center of the second antenna radiator 11 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 is the first distance d 12 .
  • the first distance d 12 is the distance between the geometric center of the second antenna radiator 11 and the geometric center of the first antenna radiator 10 . Refer to d 12 in the drawings.
  • the third antenna radiator 12 may be an antenna radiator with a regular shape (for example, triangle, rectangle, square, circle, other polygon, sphere, etc.), or may be an antenna radiator with a special shape (for example, F-shape, E-shape, etc.) body.
  • the material of the third antenna radiator 12 can be conductive materials such as metal, alloy, carbon fiber, composite polymer, etc. Taking the terminal device 1 as a mobile phone as an example, the third antenna radiator 12 can be located in the display screen of the terminal device 1, between the display screen and the back cover, on the back cover, etc. This application does not specifically limit the position and size of the third antenna radiator 12 in the terminal device 1 .
  • the phase center of the third antenna radiator 12 is the position of the equivalent point source of electromagnetic radiation from the third antenna radiator 12 .
  • the phase center of the third antenna radiator 12 can be understood as the geometric center of the third antenna radiator 12 , and a slight deviation is allowed.
  • the phase center of the third antenna radiator 12 may be located at the geometric center of the third antenna radiator 12 , or may be located in any direction of the third antenna radiator 12 (for example: The center of the first target direction, the second target direction, etc.) may also be located at other positions of the third antenna radiator 12 .
  • the phase center of the third antenna radiator 12 that is, the geometric center of the third antenna radiator 12 is taken as an example unless otherwise specified.
  • the shape, material, and size of the third antenna radiator 12 may be the same as or different from the shape, material, and size of the first antenna radiator 10 .
  • the shape, material, and size of the third antenna radiator 12 may be the same as or different from the shape, material, and size of the second antenna radiator 11 .
  • the third antenna radiator 12 is used to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the third antenna radiator 12 and the first antenna radiator 10 are arranged along the first target direction.
  • the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 are arranged in sequence along the first target direction; or, the second antenna radiator 11, the first antenna radiator 10 and the third antenna radiator 12 are arranged in sequence along the first target direction;
  • the antenna radiators 12 are arranged in sequence along the first target direction.
  • the distance between the phase center of the third antenna radiator 12 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 is the second distance d 13 .
  • the second distance d 13 is the distance between the geometric center of the third antenna radiator 12 and the geometric center of the first antenna radiator 10 . Refer to d 13 in the drawings.
  • the first distance d 12 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal
  • the second distance d 13 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; or, the first distance d 12 is less than or equal to The half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal and the second spacing d 13 are greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; alternatively, the first spacing d 12 and the second spacing d 13 are both greater than half the first electromagnetic wave signal. Wavelength ⁇ /2.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the signal phase difference PDOA and the angle of arrival AOA when the antenna radiator of the terminal device 1 receives the first electromagnetic wave signal shown in FIG. 2 .
  • (d), (e), and (f) in Figure 5 show that the spacing between the phase centers of the two antenna radiators is 20mm, 30mm, and 40mm respectively, and the spacing between the phase centers of the two antenna radiators is The signal phase difference PDOA curve at half wavelength ⁇ /2. It can be seen from Figure 5 that when the distance between the phase centers of the two antenna radiators is greater than half wavelength ⁇ /2, the slope of the signal phase difference PDOA curve increases. This improves the accuracy of the determined angle of arrival AOA.
  • the first phase difference PDOA 12 curve Increasing the slope can improve the accuracy of the angle of arrival AOA; when the first distance d 12 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the second distance d 13 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, the The slope of the two phase difference PDOA 13 curve increases, which can improve the accuracy of the angle of arrival AOA; when the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, the first phase difference PDOA 12 The slope of the curve increases, and the slope of the second phase difference PDOA 13 curve increases, which can improve the accuracy of the angle of arrival AOA.
  • the larger the first distance d 12 and/or the second distance d 13 the higher the angle measurement accuracy of the terminal device 1 is.
  • the first distance d 12 and/or the second distance d 13 increases to a certain value, phase ambiguity will occur when the terminal device 1 performs angle measurement, and the determined angle of arrival AOA is not unique.
  • the processor 13 is used to obtain the first phase difference PDOA 12 between the first antenna radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 11 when receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal, and to obtain the first phase difference PDOA 12 between the third antenna radiator 12 and the first antenna radiator 10
  • the second phase difference PDOA 13 of the first electromagnetic wave signal is indirectly received and used to determine based on the first phase difference PDOA 12 , the second phase difference PDOA 13 , the first spacing d 12 , the second spacing d 13 and the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the processor 13 may be a central processing unit (CPU) of the terminal device 1, a processor controlled by the CPU, or a processor independent of the CPU, or the like.
  • the first phase difference PDOA 12 is related to the first distance d 12 , the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the angle of arrival AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the second phase difference PDOA 13 is related to the second distance d 13 , the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the angle of arrival AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the arrival angle AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal includes a first angle and a second angle, one of the first angle and the second angle is the azimuth angle, and the other of the first angle and the second angle is Pitch angle.
  • a three-dimensional coordinate system as shown in Figure 4 is established, which are marked as X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis respectively.
  • the X-axis direction is the first target direction.
  • the first angle is marked as ⁇ , which can be understood as the azimuth angle; the second angle is marked as It can be understood as the pitch angle.
  • the wave vector in the three-dimensional space can be obtained as In other words, by determining the angle of arrival AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal, two-dimensional or three-dimensional positioning of the device under test 2 can be achieved.
  • the terminal device 1 provided by this application is provided with a first antenna radiator 10, a second antenna radiator 11, a third antenna radiator 12 and a processor 13, so that the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 are configured.
  • the three antenna radiators 12 are all used to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal. Since the second antenna radiator 11 and the first antenna radiator 10 are arranged along the first target direction, the third antenna radiator 12 and the first antenna radiator 10 are arranged along the first target direction. Arranged in a target direction, the distance between the phase center of the second antenna radiator 11 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 is the first distance d 12 , and the phase center of the third antenna radiator 12 is radiated from the first antenna radiator 12 .
  • the spacing between the phase centers of the bodies 10 is the second spacing d 13 . At least one of the second spacing d 13 and the first spacing d 12 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal. Therefore, the first antenna can be At least one of the radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 11, and the first antenna radiator 10 and the third antenna radiator 12 is free from the restriction that the distance between the phase centers is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the electromagnetic wave signal, The degree of freedom in the arrangement of the antenna radiator is improved and the layout of the terminal equipment 1 is facilitated.
  • the processor 13 receives the first electromagnetic wave signal between the first antenna radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 11 according to the first phase difference PDOA 12 , and receives the first electromagnetic wave signal between the third antenna radiator 12 and the first antenna radiator 10 .
  • the second phase difference PDOA 13 , the first distance d 12 , and the second distance d 13 of the electromagnetic wave signal determine the angle of arrival AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal, which can be used to position the device 2 under test.
  • At least one of the second distance d 13 and the first distance d 12 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, which can improve the accuracy of the determined angle of arrival AOA. Since the communication system 100 provided by this application has the above-mentioned terminal device 1, the positioning accuracy is high.
  • the first distance d 12 is different from the second distance d 13 .
  • the first distance d 12 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal
  • the second distance d 13 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; or, the first distance d 12 is less than or equal to The half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal and the second spacing d 13 are greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; alternatively, the first spacing d 12 and the second spacing d 13 are both greater than half the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the wavelength is ⁇ /2, and the first spacing d 12 and the second spacing d 13 are not equal. In other words, when the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, the first distance d 12 may be smaller than or larger than the second distance d 13 .
  • one of the first spacing d 12 and the second spacing d 13 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the first spacing d 12 and the second spacing d 13 are The other of the distances d 13 is larger than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the first spacing d 12 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the second spacing d 13 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; or, the first spacing d 12 is less than or equal to the first spacing d 12
  • the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the electromagnetic wave signal, the second distance d 13 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the first distance d 12 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the second distance d 13 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the second distance d 13 is larger than the first distance d 12 .
  • the first distance d 12 is smaller than the second distance d 13 .
  • the first antenna radiator 10 , the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 are arranged in sequence.
  • the second distance d 13 between the phase center of the third antenna radiator 12 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 is larger than the phase center of the second antenna radiator 11 and the first antenna radiator 10
  • the first distance d 12 between the phase centers of The space occupied by 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 in the first target direction reduces the size of the terminal device 1 along the first target direction, which is beneficial to miniaturization of the terminal device 1 .
  • the first antenna radiator 10 may be located between the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 .
  • the second antenna radiator 11, the first antenna radiator 10, and the third antenna radiator 12 may be arranged in sequence.
  • PDOA 12 kd 12 sin ⁇ (1)
  • PDOA 13 ′ kd 13 sin ⁇ (2)
  • PDOA 13 ′ PDOA 13 +2 ⁇ N 1 (3);
  • ⁇ is the first angle of arrival angle AOA;
  • PDOA 12 is the first angle between the first antenna radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 11 to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the phase difference can be directly obtained by the processor 13;
  • PDOA 13 is the second phase difference PDOA 13 between the third antenna radiator 12 and the first antenna radiator 10 when the first electromagnetic wave signal is received, and the processor 13 can directly obtain it;
  • d 12 is the first distance d 12 between the phase center of the second antenna radiator 11 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 , which can be measured and recorded in the terminal device 1 ;
  • d 13 is the radiation of the third antenna The second distance d 13 between the phase center of the body 12 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 can be measured and recorded in the terminal device 1 .
  • N1 and ⁇ can be determined based on the above (1), (2) (3). Among them, when the influence of error is not considered, N1 can be selected as an integer. It can be understood that since the determined ⁇ is unique, the solution provided by this embodiment can solve the problem of phase ambiguity of the first angle ⁇ of the arrival angle AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the above embodiment provides an arrangement scheme for the antenna radiators in the terminal device 1 that can achieve high-precision detection of the angle of arrival AOA, using a multi-baseline method of detecting the angle of arrival, that is, in the first target direction (azimuth direction)
  • Three antenna radiators arranged at different intervals are provided, wherein the first distance d 12 between the first antenna radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 11 is shorter and less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ / of the first electromagnetic wave signal. 2. It can ensure that the terminal device 1 has no phase blur within a large field of view (FOV) range.
  • the second distance d 13 between the first antenna radiator 10 and the third antenna radiator 12 is longer.
  • the distance d 12 is longer and is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, which can ensure that the terminal device 1 detects the angle of arrival AOA with high accuracy and improves user experience.
  • the second distance d 13 between them is short and less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, which can ensure that the terminal equipment 1 has no phase ambiguity within a large field of view FOV range.
  • the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal. Since the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, the slope of the first phase difference PDOA 12 curve increases, and the slope of the second phase difference PDOA 13 curve increases, so it can Improve the accuracy of angle of arrival AOA.
  • the isolation degree between the first antenna radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 11 increase, the isolation degree between the third antenna radiator 12 and the first antenna radiator 10 increases, which can reduce the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11, and the third antenna radiator 12 receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal. interference, further improving the detection accuracy of the angle of arrival AOA.
  • the first distance d 12 is equal to m*x
  • the second distance d 13 is equal to n*x, where m and n are prime numbers to each other.
  • the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and so on.
  • m is smaller than n.
  • the first distance d 12 is smaller than the second distance d 13 .
  • the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 are arranged in sequence.
  • the first distance d 12 between the phase center of the second antenna radiator 11 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 is smaller than the phase center of the third antenna radiator 12 and the first antenna radiator 10
  • the second distance d 13 between the phase centers of The space occupied by 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 in the first target direction reduces the size of the terminal device 1 along the first target direction, which is beneficial to miniaturization of the terminal device 1 .
  • the first antenna radiator 10 may be located between the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 .
  • ⁇ is the first angle of arrival angle AOA
  • PDOA 12 is the first phase difference between the first antenna radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 11 to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the processor 13 can directly obtain it
  • PDOA 13 is the second phase difference between the third antenna radiator 12 and the first antenna radiator 10 when receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the processor 13 can directly obtain it
  • m*x is the second antenna radiation
  • n*x is the distance between the phase center of the third antenna radiator 12 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10
  • the second distance is d 13 .
  • the processor 13 can directly obtain the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal. Therefore, the relationship between N2 and N3 can be determined based on the above (6), (7) and the relationship between m and n being mutually prime numbers. Based on the relationship between N2 and N3 The relationship between and the above (6) and (7) can determine the unique ⁇ . Among them, when the influence of error is not considered, N2 and N3 can be selected as integers.
  • the above embodiment provides another arrangement scheme for the antenna radiators in the terminal device 1 to achieve high-precision detection of the angle of arrival AOA, using the staggered baseline angle measurement method, that is, setting a specific angle in the first target direction (azimuth direction).
  • the arrangement of the antenna radiators gets rid of the restriction that the distance between the antenna radiators when detecting the angle of arrival needs to be less than or equal to the half-wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11 and The flexibility of the arrangement of the third antenna radiator 12 is increased, and the isolation between the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 is increased.
  • the two distances d 13 are both larger than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, which can improve the accuracy of the terminal device 1 in detecting the angle of arrival AOA and improve the user experience.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the first distance d 12 is smaller than the second distance d 13 .
  • the first distance d 12 is 25mm; the second distance d 13 is 30mm.
  • the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the first distance d 12 is equal to The absolute value of the difference between the second distance d 13 is 5mm, which is less than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; alternatively, the first distance d 12 is 25mm, and the second distance d 13 is 35mm, where the first distance d 13 is 35mm.
  • the distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 is 10 mm, which is smaller than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • Half wavelength ⁇ /2; or, the first distance d 12 is 20 mm, and the second distance d 13 is 35 mm, where both the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are greater than the half wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 is 15mm, which is less than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; or, the first distance d 12 is 20mm, and the second distance d 13 is 38mm, where the first spacing d 12 and the second spacing d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the absolute value of the difference between the first spacing d 12 and the second spacing d 13 is 18mm, which is equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal and so on.
  • the first distance d 12 may be greater than the second distance d 13 ; for example, the first distance d 12 is 32 mm, and the second distance d 13 is 27 mm, where the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are 27 mm.
  • d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the absolute value of the difference between the first spacing d 12 and the second spacing d 13 is 5 mm, which is less than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; or , the first spacing d 12 is 34mm, and the second spacing d 13 is 24mm.
  • the first spacing d 12 and the second spacing d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the first spacing d 12 is different from the second spacing d 12 .
  • the absolute value of the difference between the two distances d 13 is 10 mm, which is less than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; alternatively, the first distance d 12 is 33 mm; the second distance d 13 is 23 mm; where, the first distance d 13 is 23 mm.
  • the distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 is 15 mm, which is smaller than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the first distance d 12 is 38 mm, and the second distance d 13 is 20 mm, where both the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are greater than the half wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 is 18 mm, which is equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal and so on.
  • the first antenna radiator 10 is located between the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 .
  • the first antenna radiator 10 is located between the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 time can increase the isolation degree of the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12, and reduce the reception of the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12.
  • the interference of an electromagnetic wave signal improves the accuracy of the angle of arrival AOA.
  • the first antenna radiator 10 , the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 may be arranged in sequence.
  • ⁇ is the first angle of arrival angle AOA;
  • PDOA 12 is the first phase difference between the first antenna radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 11 when receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the processor 13 can directly Obtain;
  • PDOA 13 is the second phase difference between the third antenna radiator 12 and the first antenna radiator 10 when receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the processor 13 can directly obtain it;
  • d 12 is the phase center of the second antenna radiator 11
  • the first distance d 12 between the phase center of the third antenna radiator 10 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 can be measured and recorded in the terminal device 1 ;
  • d 13 is the phase center of the third antenna radiator 12 and the first antenna radiator 10
  • the second distance d 13 between the phase centers can be measured and recorded in the terminal device 1 .
  • PDOA 12 and PDOA 13 processor 13 can directly obtain, d 12 and d 13 can be measured.
  • N 4 and N 5 can be selected as integers.
  • the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal is known, so the unique ⁇ can be determined based on (10) above.
  • the above embodiment provides another arrangement scheme for the antenna radiators in the terminal device 1 to achieve high-precision detection of the angle of arrival AOA, using the virtual baseline angle measurement method, that is, setting a specific angle in the first target direction (azimuth direction).
  • the first distance d 12 between the first antenna radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 11 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal
  • the first antenna radiator The second distance d 13 between 10 and the third antenna radiator 12 is also the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the absolute value of the difference between the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13
  • the limitation of the half-wavelength increases the flexibility of the arrangement of the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12, and increases the flexibility of the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11 and the isolation between the third antenna radiator 12.
  • the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, the accuracy of the terminal device 1 in detecting the angle of arrival AOA can be improved. , improve user experience.
  • the terminal device 1 further includes at least one first signal receiving unit 140 .
  • This application does not specifically limit the number of first signal receiving units 140.
  • the number of the first signal receiving units 140 may be one, two, three, etc.
  • the path between the first signal receiving unit 140 and the first antenna radiator 10 , the path between the first signal receiving unit 140 and the second antenna radiator 11 , the path between the first signal receiving unit 140 and the third antenna radiator 12 The paths between them can include low-noise amplifiers, filters, etc.
  • the first antenna radiator 10 , the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 are used to transmit the received first electromagnetic wave signal to the first signal receiving unit 140 .
  • At least one first signal receiving unit 140 is electrically connected to the first antenna radiator 10 , the second antenna radiator 11 , and the third antenna radiator 12 .
  • the terminal device 1 further includes three first signal receiving units 140.
  • One first signal receiving unit 140 is electrically connected to the first antenna radiator 10 for stimulating the first antenna radiator 10 to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the other first signal receiving unit 140 is electrically connected to the second antenna radiator 11 for stimulating the first antenna radiator 10 to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the second antenna radiator 11 is stimulated to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal
  • a first signal receiving unit 140 is electrically connected to the third antenna radiator 12 for stimulating the third antenna radiator 12 to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal; or, the terminal device 1 It also includes a first signal receiving unit 140.
  • the first signal receiving unit 140 is electrically connected to the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 respectively, and is used to excite the first antenna radiator 10, The second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the method by which at least one first signal receiving unit 140 electrically connects the first antenna radiator 10 , the second antenna radiator 11 , and the third antenna radiator 12 may include direct electrical connection, indirect electrical connection, coupling feed, etc.
  • the first signal receiving unit 140 is electrically connected to the processor 13 and can transmit the information of the first electromagnetic wave signal received by the first antenna radiator 10 , the second antenna radiator 11 , and the third antenna radiator 12 to the processor 13 .
  • the processor 13 can obtain the first phase difference PDOA 12 of the first electromagnetic wave signal received between the first antenna radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 11 from at least one first signal receiving unit 140, and the third antenna radiation The second phase difference PDOA 13 of the first electromagnetic wave signal is received between the body 12 and the first antenna radiator 10 .
  • the terminal device 1 further includes at least one signal transmitting unit 15 .
  • the signal transmitting unit 15 is used to generate a radio frequency signal and transmit it to at least one of the first antenna radiator 10 , the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 , so that the first antenna radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 12 At least one of the antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 emits a second electromagnetic wave signal.
  • This application does not specifically limit the number of signal transmitting units 15 .
  • the number of signal transmitting units 15 may be one, two, three, etc.
  • the path between the signal transmitting unit 15 and at least one of the first antenna radiator 10 , the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 may include a power amplifier, a filter, and the like.
  • the signal transmitting unit 15 is electrically connected to at least one of the first antenna radiator 10 , the second antenna radiator 11 , and the third antenna radiator 12 , and is used to excite the first antenna radiator 10 , the second antenna radiator 11 , and the third antenna radiator 11 . At least one of the three antenna radiators 12 emits a second electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the terminal device 1 further includes three signal transmitting units 15 .
  • One signal transmitting unit 15 is electrically connected to the first antenna radiator 10 and is used to excite the first antenna radiator 10 to emit a second electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the other signal transmitting unit 15 is electrically connected to the second antenna radiator 11 and is used to excite the second antenna.
  • the radiator 11 emits a second electromagnetic wave signal
  • a signal transmitting unit 15 is electrically connected to the third antenna radiator 12 for stimulating the third antenna radiator 12 to transmit the second electromagnetic wave signal
  • the terminal device 1 further includes a signal transmitting unit.
  • the signal transmitting unit 15 is electrically connected to the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 respectively, and is used to excite the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna.
  • At least one of the radiators 12 emits a second electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the method by which the signal transmitting unit 15 electrically connects at least one of the first antenna radiator 10 , the second antenna radiator 11 , and the third antenna radiator 12 may include direct electrical connection, indirect electrical connection, coupling feed, etc.
  • the signal transmitting unit 15 By providing the signal transmitting unit 15, at least one of the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 can emit a second electromagnetic wave signal under the excitation of the signal transmitting unit 15, thereby enabling
  • the terminal device 1 provided by this application can be used as the device under test 2 in other application scenarios to realize the positioning of the terminal device 1.
  • the terminal device 1 includes a signal transmitting unit 15 , two first signal receiving units 140 and a switch 16 .
  • One end of the switch 16 is electrically connected to the signal transmitting unit 15 and a first signal receiving unit 140
  • the other end of the switch 16 is electrically connected to the first antenna radiator 10 and the third antenna radiator 12 .
  • the switch 16 is used to make one of the first antenna radiator 10 and the third antenna radiator 12 conductive to the first signal receiving unit 140, and/or to make the first antenna radiator 10, the third antenna
  • the other one of the radiators 12 is electrically connected to the signal transmitting unit 15 .
  • Another first signal receiving unit 140 is electrically connected to the second antenna radiator 11 .
  • the switch 16 may include one or more of a single-pole single-throw switch, a single-pole double-throw switch, a single-pole multi-throw switch, a double-pole double-throw switch, and the like.
  • the first antenna radiator 10 and the third antenna radiator 12 share the same signal transmitting unit 15 and the first signal receiving unit 140, which can fully utilize space resources and achieve multiple transmission and multiple reception through multiple antenna radiators. Without increasing spectrum resources and antenna radiator transmit power, the system channel capacity can be doubled.
  • the terminal device 1 further includes a first matching network, one end of the first matching network is electrically connected to at least one of the first signal receiving units 140, and the other end of the first matching network is electrically connected to the first antenna radiator 10 and the first antenna radiator 10, respectively.
  • the electrical connection method between the first matching network and the first signal receiving unit 140 includes direct electrical connection, indirect electrical connection, coupled feed, etc.
  • the electrical connection methods between the first matching network and the first antenna radiator 10, the first matching network and the second antenna radiator 11, and the first matching network and the third antenna radiator 12 include direct electrical connection, indirect electrical connection, Coupled feed, etc.
  • the processor 13 is also used to control the first matching network to control the frequency at which the first antenna radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 11 receive the first electromagnetic wave signal, and adjust the first phase difference PDOA 12 ; and/or, control the first
  • the matching network is used to control the frequency at which the first antenna radiator 10 and the third antenna radiator 12 receive the first electromagnetic wave signal, and adjust the second phase difference PDOA 13 .
  • the first matching network includes a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit and a third matching circuit.
  • the first matching circuit is electrically connected between a first signal receiving unit 140 and the first antenna radiator 10
  • the second matching circuit is electrically connected between another first signal receiving unit 140 and the second antenna radiator 11
  • the three matching circuits are electrically connected between yet another first signal receiving unit 140 and the third antenna radiator 12 .
  • the processor 13 is used to control the first matching circuit and/or the second matching circuit to control the frequency at which the first antenna radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 11 receive the first electromagnetic wave signal, and adjust the first phase difference PDOA 12 .
  • the processor 13 is used to control the first matching circuit and/or the third matching circuit to control the frequency at which the first antenna radiator 10 and the third antenna radiator 12 receive the first electromagnetic wave signal, and adjust the second phase difference PDOA 13 . Because Therefore, based on the above (1) (2), or (4), (5), or (8), (9), it can be seen that when d 12 and d 13 are constant, ⁇ is inversely proportional to the slope of the signal phase difference PDOA curve , therefore, the smaller ⁇ , the greater the accuracy of measuring the angle of arrival AOA, and the larger ⁇ , the greater the range of measuring the angle of arrival AOA without ambiguity, so this embodiment can be switched by setting the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit. Different frequencies are used to adjust ⁇ , improve the accuracy of the first angle ⁇ and solve the phase ambiguity problem of the first angle ⁇ .
  • the terminal device 1 further includes a fourth antenna radiator 18 .
  • the fourth antenna radiator 18 may be an antenna radiator with a regular shape (for example, triangle, rectangle, square, circle, other polygon, sphere, etc.), or may be an antenna radiator with a special shape (for example, F-shape, E-shape, etc.) body.
  • the fourth antenna radiator 18 can be made of conductive materials such as metal, alloy, carbon fiber, composite polymer, etc. Taking the terminal device 1 as a mobile phone as an example, the fourth antenna radiator 18 can be located in the display screen of the terminal device 1, between the display screen and the back cover, on the back cover, etc. This application does not specifically limit the position and size of the fourth antenna radiator 18 in the terminal device 1 .
  • the phase center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 is the position of the equivalent point source of electromagnetic radiation from the fourth antenna radiator 18 .
  • the phase center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 can be understood as the geometric center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 , and a slight deviation is allowed.
  • the phase center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 may be located at the geometric center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 , or may be located in any direction of the fourth antenna radiator 18 (for example: The center of the first target direction, the second target direction, etc.) may also be located at other positions of the fourth antenna radiator 18 .
  • the phase center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 that is, the geometric center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 is taken as an example unless otherwise specified.
  • the shape, material, and size of the fourth antenna radiator 18 may be the same as or different from the shape, material, and size of the first antenna radiator 10 .
  • the shape, material, and size of the fourth antenna radiator 18 may be the same as or different from the shape, material, and size of the second antenna radiator 11 .
  • the shape, material, and size of the fourth antenna radiator 18 may be the same as or different from the shape, material, and size of the third antenna radiator 12 .
  • the fourth antenna radiator 18 is aligned with the target antenna radiator along the second target direction.
  • the second target direction intersects with the first target direction, and the target antenna radiator is one of the first antenna radiator 10 , the second antenna radiator 11 and the third antenna radiator 12 . It can be understood that the second target direction is perpendicular to the first target direction, or the second target direction intersects the first target direction and is not perpendicular.
  • the first antenna radiator 10 is taken as the target radiator as an example.
  • the target radiator may be the second antenna radiator 11 or the third antenna radiator 12 .
  • the distance between the phase center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the phase center of the target antenna radiator is the third distance d 14 .
  • the third distance d 14 is the distance between the geometric center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the geometric center of the first antenna radiator 10 .
  • the fourth antenna radiator 18 is used to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the processor 13 is also used to obtain the third phase difference PDOA 14 between the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the target antenna radiator when receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal, and to obtain the third phase difference PDOA 14 according to the third phase difference PDOA 14 , the second phase difference PDOA 13 and The first phase difference PDOA 12 , the first spacing d 12 , the second spacing d 13 and the third spacing d 14 determine the arrival angle AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the second target direction is perpendicular to the first target direction.
  • the second target direction that is, the vertical direction
  • the processor 13 may determine the first angle ⁇ in the arrival angle AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal according to the second phase difference PDOA 13 , the first phase difference PDOA 12 , the first spacing d 12 , and the second spacing d 13 , and determine the first angle ⁇ in the arrival angle AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal according to the third phase.
  • the difference PDOA 14 , the third distance d 14 and the first angle ⁇ determine the second angle of arrival angle AOA
  • ⁇ is the first angle of arrival angle AOA; is the second angle of arrival angle AOA; PDOA 14 is the third phase difference of the first electromagnetic wave signal received between the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the target antenna radiator, which can be directly obtained by the processor 13; d 14 is the distance between the phase center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the phase center of the target antenna radiator, which can be measured and stored in the terminal device 1; since the PDOA 14 processor 13 can directly obtain it, d 14 can be It is measured that the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal is known, and ⁇ can be determined based on the first phase difference PDOA 12 and the second phase difference PDOA 13 . Therefore, the second angle of arrival angle AOA can be determined based on equation (11). Thus, the three-dimensional positioning of the device under test 2 is achieved.
  • the second target direction is not perpendicular to the first target direction.
  • the angle between the second target direction and the first target direction is 30°; or the angle between the second target direction and the first target direction is 45°; or the angle between the second target direction and the first target direction is 45°.
  • the included angle between the target directions is 60°; or, the included angle between the second target direction and the first target direction is 70°, etc.
  • the second target direction may refer to the P direction in the drawing.
  • ⁇ is the first angle of arrival angle AOA; is the second angle of arrival angle AOA; PDOA 14 is the third phase difference of the first electromagnetic wave signal received between the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the target antenna radiator, which can be directly obtained by the processor 13; a 14 is the distance in the X-axis direction between the phase center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the phase center of the target antenna radiator, which can be measured and stored in the terminal device 1 . b 14 is the distance in the Y-axis direction between the phase center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the phase center of the target antenna radiator, which can be measured and stored in the terminal device 1 .
  • the PDOA 14 processor 13 can directly obtain, a 14 and b 14 can be measured, and the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal is known, ⁇ can be based on the first phase difference PDOA 12 , the second phase difference PDOA 13 , and the first distance d 12 , the second distance d 13 and the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal are determined, therefore the second angle of arrival angle AOA can be determined by combining equation (12) Thus, the three-dimensional positioning of the device under test 2 is achieved.
  • the first antenna radiator 10 , the second antenna radiator 11 , the third antenna radiator 12 and the fourth antenna radiator 18 can escape L
  • the limitation of the type arrangement enables the arrangement of arbitrary irregular antenna radiators in various terminal equipment 1, which facilitates improving the application of the terminal equipment 1.
  • the terminal device 1 includes one signal transmitting unit 15, two first signal receiving units 140, a first switch 160 and a second switch 161.
  • One end of the first switch 160 is electrically connected to the signal transmitting unit 15 and a first signal receiving unit 140
  • the other end of the first switch 160 is electrically connected to the first antenna radiator 10 and the third antenna radiator 12 .
  • the first switch 160 is used to connect one of the first antenna radiator 10 and the third antenna radiator 12 to the first signal receiving unit 140 , and/or is used to connect the first antenna radiator 10 and the third antenna radiator 12 to the first signal receiving unit 140 .
  • the other one of the three antenna radiators 12 is electrically connected to the signal transmitting unit 15 .
  • One end of the second switch 16 is electrically connected to the other first signal receiving unit 140
  • the other end of the second switch 161 is electrically connected to the second antenna radiator 11 and the fourth antenna radiator 18 .
  • the second switch 161 is used to connect at least one of the second antenna radiator 11 and the fourth antenna radiator 18 to the first signal receiving unit 140 .
  • the first switch 160 may include one or more of a single-pole single-throw switch, a single-pole double-throw switch, a single-pole multi-throw switch, a double-pole double-throw switch, and the like.
  • the second switch 161 may include one or more of a single-pole single-throw switch, a single-pole double-throw switch, a single-pole multi-throw switch, a double-pole double-throw switch, and the like.
  • an independent second signal receiving unit may also be provided to be electrically connected to the fourth antenna radiator 18 to excite the fourth antenna radiator 18 to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the second antenna radiator 11 share the same first signal receiving unit 140, which can make full use of space resources and achieve multiple transmission and multiple reception through multiple antenna radiators without increasing spectrum resources and When the antenna radiator transmits power, the system channel capacity can be doubled.
  • the terminal device 1 also includes a fifth antenna radiator 19 .
  • the fifth antenna radiator 19 may be an antenna radiator with a regular shape (for example, triangle, rectangle, square, circle, other polygon, sphere, etc.), or may be an antenna radiator with a special shape (for example, F-shape, E-shape, etc.) body.
  • the material of the fifth antenna radiator 19 can be conductive materials such as metal, alloy, carbon fiber, composite polymer, etc. Taking the terminal device 1 as a mobile phone as an example, the fifth antenna radiator 19 can be located in the display screen of the terminal device 1, between the display screen and the back cover, on the back cover, etc. This application does not specifically limit the position and size of the fifth antenna radiator 19 in the terminal device 1 .
  • the phase center of the fifth antenna radiator 19 is the position of the equivalent point source of electromagnetic radiation from the fifth antenna radiator 19 .
  • the phase center of the fifth antenna radiator 19 can be understood as the geometric center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 , and a slight deviation is allowed.
  • the phase center of the fifth antenna radiator 19 may be located at the geometric center of the fifth antenna radiator 19 , or may be located in any direction of the fifth antenna radiator 19 (for example: The center of the first target direction, the second target direction, etc.) may also be located at other positions of the fifth antenna radiator 19 .
  • the phase center of the fifth antenna radiator 19 that is, the geometric center of the fifth antenna radiator 19 is taken as an example unless otherwise specified.
  • the shape, material, and size of the fifth antenna radiator 19 may be the same as or different from the shape, material, and size of the first antenna radiator 10 .
  • the shape, material, and size of the fifth antenna radiator 19 may be the same as or different from the shape, material, and size of the second antenna radiator 11 .
  • the shape, material, and size of the fifth antenna radiator 19 may be the same as or different from the shape, material, and size of the third antenna radiator 12 .
  • the shape, material, and size of the fifth antenna radiator 19 may be the same as or different from the shape, material, and size of the fourth antenna radiator 18 .
  • the fifth antenna radiator 19 and the target antenna radiator are arranged along the second target direction. It can be understood that the target antenna radiator, the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 are arranged in sequence along the second target direction; or the fourth antenna radiator 18, the target antenna radiator and the fifth antenna radiator 19 are arranged in sequence. Arrange in sequence along the second target direction.
  • the distance between the phase center of the fifth antenna radiator 19 and the phase center of the target antenna radiator is the fourth distance d 15 .
  • the fourth distance d 15 is the distance between the geometric center of the fifth antenna radiator 19 and the geometric center of the first antenna radiator 10 . Refer to d 15 in the drawings.
  • the fifth antenna radiator 19 is used to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the processor 13 is also used to obtain the fourth phase difference PDOA 15 between the fifth antenna radiator 19 and the target antenna radiator when receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal, and to use the fourth phase difference PDOA 15 , the second phase difference PDOA 13 , The first phase difference PDOA 12 , the first spacing d 12 , the second spacing d 13 and the fourth spacing d 15 determine the arrival angle AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the second angle of arrival angle AOA can be determined by combining equation (13)
  • the second angle of arrival angle AOA can also be determined by combining equation (12) and equation (13).
  • the fifth antenna radiator 19 and one of the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11, and the third antenna radiator 12 can share the same first signal receiving unit 140; or, the fifth antenna radiator The body 19 and the fourth antenna radiator 18 may share the same signal receiving unit; alternatively, an independent signal receiving unit may be provided to electrically connect the fifth antenna radiator 19 to excite the fifth antenna radiator 19 to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the processor 13 is also used to obtain the third phase difference PDOA 14 between the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the target antenna radiator when receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal, and obtain the third phase difference PDOA 14 between the fifth antenna radiator 19 and the target antenna radiator.
  • the fourth phase difference PDOA 15 of the first electromagnetic wave signal is received between them, and used to receive the fourth phase difference PDOA 15 , the third phase difference PDOA 14 , the second phase difference PDOA 13 , the first phase difference PDOA 12 , and the first distance d 12.
  • the second distance d 13 , the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 determine the arrival angle AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 is greater than half wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the third distance d 14 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal
  • the fourth distance d 15 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; or, the third distance d 14 is less than or equal to The half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal and the fourth spacing d 15 are greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; alternatively, the third spacing d 14 and the fourth spacing d 15 are both larger than half the first electromagnetic wave signal. Wavelength ⁇ /2.
  • the third distance d 14 when the third distance d 14 is greater than half the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal, when the wavelength ⁇ /2, the fourth distance d 15 is less than or equal to the half wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, the slope of the third phase difference PDOA 14 curve increases, which can improve the accuracy of the angle of arrival AOA; when the third distance d 14 When the fourth distance d 15 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal and is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, the slope of the fourth phase difference PDOA 15 curve increases, which can improve the accuracy of the angle of arrival AOA.
  • the third distance d 14 is different from the fourth distance d 15 .
  • the third distance d 14 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the fourth distance d 15 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; or, the third distance d 14 is less than or equal to The half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal and the fourth spacing d 15 are greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; alternatively, the third spacing d 14 and the fourth spacing d 15 are both larger than half the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the wavelength is ⁇ /2, and the third spacing d 14 and the fourth spacing d 15 are not equal. In other words, when the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both larger than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, the third distance d 14 may be smaller than or larger than the fourth distance d 15 .
  • one of the third spacing d 14 and the fourth spacing d 15 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the third spacing d 14 is different from the fourth spacing d 15 .
  • the other of the distances d 15 is larger than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the third distance d 14 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal
  • the fourth distance d 15 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; or, the third distance d 14 is less than or equal to the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the electromagnetic wave signal, the fourth distance d 15 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the third distance d 14 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the fourth distance d 15 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal. It can be understood that the fourth distance d 15 is larger than the third distance d 14 . In other words, the third distance d 14 is smaller than the fourth distance d 15 .
  • the target antenna radiator, the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 are arranged in sequence.
  • the first antenna radiator 10, the fourth antenna radiator 18, and the fifth antenna radiator 19 are arranged in sequence. Since the fourth distance d 15 between the phase center of the fifth antenna radiator 19 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 is greater than the distance between the phase center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10
  • the third spacing d 14 of The space occupied by the radiator 19 in the second target direction reduces the size of the terminal device 1 along the second target direction, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the terminal device 1 .
  • the first antenna radiator 10 may be located between the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 .
  • the fourth antenna radiator 18, the first antenna radiator 10, and the fifth antenna radiator 19 may be arranged in sequence.
  • ⁇ is the first angle of arrival angle AOA; is the second angle of arrival angle AOA; PDOA 14 is the third phase difference PDOA 14 between the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the target antenna radiator when receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal, which can be directly obtained by the processor 13; PDOA 15 is the fifth The processor 13 can directly obtain the fourth phase difference PDOA 15 of the first electromagnetic wave signal received between the antenna radiator 19 and the target antenna radiator; d 14 is the distance between the phase center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the phase center of the target antenna radiator, which can be measured and stored in the terminal device 1; d 15 is the phase center of the fifth antenna radiator 19 and The distance between the phase centers of the target antenna radiators can be measured and stored in the terminal device 1 .
  • N6 can be optionally an integer. Understandable, due to the determined unique, so the solution provided by this embodiment can solve the second angle of arrival angle AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal phase blur problem.
  • the above embodiment provides an arrangement scheme for the antenna radiators in the terminal device 1 that can achieve high-precision detection of the angle of arrival AOA, using a multi-baseline method of detecting the angle of arrival, that is, in the second target direction (pitch direction)
  • Three antenna radiators are arranged at different intervals.
  • the third distance d 14 between the first antenna radiator 10 and the fourth antenna radiator 18 is shorter and less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ / of the first electromagnetic wave signal. 2. It can ensure that the terminal device 1 has no phase blur within a large field of view (FOV) range.
  • the fourth distance d 15 between the first antenna radiator 10 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 is longer.
  • the distance d 14 is longer and larger than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, which can ensure that the terminal device 1 detects the angle of arrival AOA with high accuracy and improves the user experience.
  • the fourth distance d 15 between them is short and less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, which can ensure that the terminal device 1 has no phase ambiguity within a large field of view FOV range.
  • one of the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ / 2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the other is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal
  • one of the first spacing d 12 and the second spacing d 13 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the first spacing d The other one of 12 and the second distance d 13 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the distance d 12 is equal to m*x
  • the second distance d 13 is equal to n*x, where m and n are prime numbers to each other; the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • any one of the three embodiments is combined in which the absolute value of the difference between the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal. Since the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, the slope of the third phase difference PDOA 14 curve increases, and the slope of the fourth phase difference PDOA 15 curve increases, so it can be improved The accuracy of the angle of arrival AOA.
  • the isolation degree between the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the first antenna radiator 10 increase, the isolation between the fifth antenna radiator 19 and the first antenna radiator 10 increases, which can reduce the first antenna radiator 10, the fourth antenna radiator 18, and the fifth antenna radiator 19 to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal. interference, further improving the accuracy of the angle of arrival AOA.
  • the third distance d 14 is equal to a*y
  • the fourth distance d 15 is equal to b*y, where a and b are prime numbers to each other.
  • the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both greater than the half-wave
  • a is smaller than b.
  • the third distance d 14 is smaller than the fourth distance d 15 .
  • the target antenna radiator, the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 are arranged in sequence.
  • the first antenna radiator 10, the fourth antenna radiator 18, and the fifth antenna radiator 19 are arranged in order.
  • the fourth distance d 15 between the phase centers of The space occupied by 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 in the second target direction reduces the size of the terminal device 1 along the second target direction, which is beneficial to miniaturization of the terminal device 1 .
  • the first antenna radiator 10 may be located between the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 .
  • ⁇ is the first angle of arrival angle AOA; is the second angle of arrival angle AOA; PDOA 14 is the third phase difference PDOA 14 between the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the first antenna radiator 10 when receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal, which can be directly obtained by the processor 13; PDOA 15 is The processor 13 can directly obtain the fourth phase difference PDOA 15 between the fifth antenna radiator 19 and the first antenna radiator 10 when receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal; a*y is the phase center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the The third distance d 14 between the phase centers of the antenna radiator 10 can be measured; b*y is the fourth distance between the phase center of the fifth antenna radiator 19 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 d 15 , which can be measured.
  • the processor 13 can detect that the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal is known, so the relationship between N7 and N8 can be determined based on the above (19), (20) and the relationship between a and b being prime numbers, and ⁇ can be determined based on the first
  • the phase difference PDOA 12 , the second phase difference PDOA 13 , the first spacing d 12 , the second spacing d 13 and the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal are determined.
  • N7 and N8 can be optional integers. Understandable, since Unique, therefore when the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, if the third distance d 14 is equal to a*y, the fourth distance d 15 is equal to b*y, a and b are mutually prime numbers, then the second angle of the arrival angle AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal can also be solved phase blur problem.
  • the above embodiment provides another arrangement scheme for the antenna radiators in the terminal device 1 to achieve high-precision detection of the angle of arrival AOA, using the staggered baseline angle measurement method, that is, setting a specific angle in the second target direction (pitch direction).
  • the arrangement of the antenna radiators gets rid of the restriction that the distance between the antenna radiators when detecting the angle of arrival needs to be less than or equal to the half-wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the first antenna radiator 10, the fourth antenna radiator 18 and The arrangement of the fifth antenna radiator 19 is flexible and increases the isolation between the first antenna radiator 10, the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19.
  • due to the third spacing d 14 and the The four distances d 15 are all larger than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, which can improve the accuracy of the terminal device 1 in detecting the angle of arrival AOA and improve the user experience.
  • the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the third distance d 14 is equal to a*y
  • the fourth distance d 15 is equal to b*.
  • a and b are mutually prime numbers and can be less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal with one of the above-mentioned first spacing d 12 and second spacing d 13 , and the first spacing d 12 and the second spacing d 13
  • the other of the distances d 13 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the first distance d 12 is equal to m*x, the second distance d 13 is equal to n*x, where m and n are prime numbers to each other; the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, the first distance Any combination of the three embodiments in which the absolute value of the difference between d 12 and the second distance d 13 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal
  • the absolute value of the difference between the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the third distance d 14 is smaller than the fourth distance d 15 .
  • the third distance d 14 is 25mm, and the fourth distance d 15 is 30mm.
  • the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the third distance d 14 is equal to The absolute value of the difference between the fourth distance d 15 is 5 mm, which is less than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; alternatively, the third distance d 14 is 25 mm, and the fourth distance d 15 is 35 mm, where the third distance d 15 is 35 mm.
  • the distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 is 10 mm, which is smaller than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal. Half wavelength ⁇ /2; or, the third distance d 14 is 20 mm, and the fourth distance d 15 is 35 mm, where both the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are greater than the half wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 is 15 mm, which is less than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; or, the third distance d 14 is 20 mm, and the fourth distance d 15 is 38mm.
  • the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 is 18mm, which is equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal and so on.
  • the third distance d 14 may be greater than the fourth distance d 15 .
  • the third distance d 14 is 32mm, and the fourth distance d 15 is 27mm.
  • the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the third distance d 14 is equal to The absolute value of the difference between the fourth distance d 15 is 5 mm, which is less than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; alternatively, the third distance d 14 is 34 mm, and the fourth distance d 15 is 24 mm, where the third distance d 15 is 24 mm.
  • the distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 is 10 mm, which is smaller than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 is 15mm, which is less than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; or, the third distance d 14 is 38mm, and the fourth distance d 15 is 20mm.
  • the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 is 18mm, which is equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal and so on.
  • the target antenna radiator is located between the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 .
  • the first antenna radiator 10 is located between the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 . Since the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, it is possible to locate the first antenna radiator 10 between the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 Increase the isolation degree of the first antenna radiator 10, the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19, and reduce the reception of the first electromagnetic wave signal by the first antenna radiator 10, the fourth line radiator and the fifth antenna radiator 19. interference to improve the accuracy of the angle of arrival AOA.
  • the first antenna radiator 10 , the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 may be arranged in sequence.
  • ⁇ is the first angle of arrival angle AOA; is the second angle of arrival angle AOA; PDOA 14 is the third phase difference PDOA 14 between the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the first antenna radiator 10 when receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal, which can be directly obtained by the processor 13; PDOA 15 is The processor 13 can directly obtain the fourth phase difference between the fifth antenna radiator 19 and the first antenna radiator 10 when receiving the first electromagnetic wave signal; d 14 is the phase center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the first antenna radiation.
  • the third distance d 14 between the phase centers of the antenna 10 can be measured and stored in the terminal device 1; d 15 is the distance between the phase center of the fifth antenna radiator 19 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 The fourth distance d 15 can be measured and stored in the terminal device 1 . Because Therefore, in equation (23) PDOA 15 -PDOA 14 +2 ⁇ (N 10 -N 9 ) ⁇ [-180°, 180°].
  • PDOA 15 and PDOA 14 can be directly obtained, d 14 and d 15 can be measured, the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal is known, and ⁇ can be based on the first phase difference PDOA 12 , the second phase difference PDOA 13 , and the first spacing d 12 , the second distance d 13 and the wavelength of the first electromagnetic wave signal are determined.
  • the unique Understandable since Uniquely, therefore when the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, if the absolute value of the difference between the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 is less than or Equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, it can also solve the second angle of the arrival angle AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal. Phase blur problem.
  • the above embodiment provides another arrangement scheme for the antenna radiators in the terminal device 1 to achieve high-precision detection of the angle of arrival AOA, using the virtual baseline angle measurement method, that is, setting a specific angle in the second target direction (pitch direction).
  • Three antenna radiators arranged at intervals, wherein the third distance d 14 between the first antenna radiator 10 and the fourth antenna radiator 18 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, the first antenna radiator The fourth distance d 15 between 10 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 is also the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and the absolute value of the difference between the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15
  • the spacing between the antenna radiators we get rid of the need for the spacing between the antenna radiators to be less than or equal to the electromagnetic wave signal when detecting the angle of arrival.
  • the limitation of the half-wavelength increases the flexibility of the arrangement of the first antenna radiator 10, the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19, and increases the flexibility of the first antenna radiator 10, the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19.
  • the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both larger than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, the accuracy of the terminal device 1 in detecting the angle of arrival AOA can be improved. , improve user experience.
  • the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the absolute difference between the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 is The value less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ / 2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal may be less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ / 2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the other one of 12 and the second distance d 13 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal; the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the distance d 12 is equal to m*x
  • the second distance d 13 is equal to n*x, where m and n are prime numbers to each other; the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 are both greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • any one of the three embodiments is combined in which the absolute value of the difference between the first distance d 12 and the second distance d 13 is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the terminal device 1 further includes at least one second signal receiving unit.
  • This application does not specifically limit the number of second signal receiving units.
  • the number of the second signal receiving unit may be one, two, etc.
  • the paths between the second signal receiving unit and the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the paths between the second signal receiving unit and the fifth antenna radiator 19 may include low noise amplifiers, filters, etc.
  • the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 are used to transmit the received first electromagnetic wave signal to the second signal receiving unit.
  • the terminal device 1 further includes two second signal receiving units. One second signal receiving unit is electrically connected to the fourth antenna radiator 18 and is used to excite the fourth antenna radiator 18 to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the other second signal receiving unit is electrically connected to the fifth antenna radiator 19 and is used to excite the fourth antenna radiator 18.
  • the five-antenna radiator 19 receives the first electromagnetic wave signal; alternatively, the terminal device 1 further includes a second signal receiving unit.
  • the second signal receiving unit is electrically connected to the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19.
  • the fourth antenna radiates The body 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 are used to transmit the received first electromagnetic wave signal to the second signal receiving unit.
  • the method by which at least one second signal receiving unit electrically connects the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 may include direct electrical connection, indirect electrical connection, coupling feed, etc.
  • the second signal receiving unit is electrically connected to the processor 13 and can transmit the information that the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 receive the first electromagnetic wave signal to the processor 13 .
  • the processor 13 can obtain the third phase difference of the first electromagnetic wave signal received between the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the first antenna radiator 10 from the second signal receiving unit and the first receiving unit, and the fifth antenna radiation
  • the fourth phase difference of the first electromagnetic wave signal is received between the body 19 and the first antenna radiator 10 .
  • the terminal device 1 further includes a second matching network, one end of the second matching network is electrically connected to at least one of the second signal receiving units, and the other end of the second matching network is electrically connected to the target antenna radiator and the fourth antenna radiator respectively. body 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19.
  • the electrical connection method between the second matching network and the second signal receiving unit includes direct electrical connection, indirect electrical connection, coupled feed, etc.
  • the electrical connection methods between the second matching network and the first antenna radiator 10, the second matching network and the fourth antenna radiator 18, and the second matching network and the fifth antenna radiator 19 include direct electrical connection, indirect electrical connection, Coupled feed etc.
  • the processor 13 is also used to control the second matching network to control the frequency at which the target antenna radiator and the fourth antenna radiator 18 receive the first electromagnetic wave signal, and adjust the third phase difference PDOA 14 ; and/or, control the second matching network , to control the frequency at which the target antenna radiator and the fifth antenna radiator 19 receive the first electromagnetic wave signal, and adjust the fourth phase difference PDOA 15 .
  • the second matching network includes a fourth matching circuit and a fifth matching circuit.
  • the fourth matching circuit is electrically connected between the second signal receiving unit and the fourth antenna radiator 18
  • the fifth matching circuit is electrically connected between the second signal receiving unit and the fifth antenna radiator 19 .
  • the processor 13 is used to control the first matching circuit and/or the fourth matching circuit to control the frequency at which the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 receive the first electromagnetic wave signal, and adjust the third phase difference PDOA 14 .
  • the processor 13 is used to control the first matching circuit and/or the fifth matching circuit to control the frequency at which the first antenna radiator 10 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 receive the first electromagnetic wave signal, and adjust the fourth phase difference PDOA 15 .
  • the terminal device 1 provided by this application is provided with a first antenna radiator 10, a second antenna radiator 11, a third antenna radiator 12, a fourth antenna radiator 18 and a fifth antenna radiator 19 and a processor 13.
  • the first antenna radiator 10, the second antenna radiator 11, the third antenna radiator 12, the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 are all used to receive the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the second antenna radiator 11 and The first antenna radiator 10 is arranged along the first target direction
  • the third antenna radiator 12 and the first antenna radiator 10 are arranged along the first target direction
  • the phase center of the second antenna radiator 11 is in line with the first antenna radiator 10
  • the spacing between the phase centers of is the first spacing d 12
  • the spacing between the phase centers of the third antenna radiator 12 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 is the second spacing d 13
  • the second spacing d 13 is At least one of the first distances d 12 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, so that the first antenna radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 11 , and the first antenna radiator 10 and the third antenna can radiate
  • At least one of the antenna radiators 12 is free from the restriction that the distance between phase centers is less than or equal to the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the electromagnetic wave signal;
  • the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the first antenna radiator 10 are arranged along the second target direction, and the fifth antenna radiator 18 and the first antenna radiator 10 are arranged along the
  • the antenna radiator 19 and the first antenna radiator 10 are arranged along the second target direction, and the distance between the phase center of the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 is the third distance d 14 .
  • the distance between the phase center of the five antenna radiators 19 and the phase center of the first antenna radiator 10 is the fourth distance d 15 , and at least one of the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 is larger than the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • half wavelength ⁇ /2 so that at least one of the first antenna radiator 10 and the fourth antenna radiator 18 and the first antenna radiator 10 and the fifth antenna radiator 19 can be separated from the phase center.
  • the distance between them is less than Or equal to the limit of half wavelength ⁇ /2 of the electromagnetic wave signal, which improves the freedom of arrangement of the antenna radiator and facilitates the layout of the terminal equipment 1.
  • the processor 13 receives the first electromagnetic wave signal between the first antenna radiator 10 and the second antenna radiator 11 according to the first phase difference PDOA 12 , and receives the first electromagnetic wave signal between the third antenna radiator 12 and the first antenna radiator 10 .
  • the second phase difference PDOA 13 of the electromagnetic wave signal, the first spacing d 12 , and the second spacing d 13 determine the first angle ⁇ of the arrival angle AOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal; according to the first antenna radiator 10 and the fourth antenna radiator 18
  • d 14 , the fourth distance d 15 and the first angle ⁇ determine the second angle of arrival angle AAOAAOA of the first electromagnetic wave signal Three-dimensional positioning of the device under test 2 can be achieved.
  • At least one of the second distance d 13 and the first distance d 12 is greater than the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 of the first electromagnetic wave signal, and at least one of the third distance d 14 and the fourth distance d 15 is greater than the first electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the half-wavelength ⁇ /2 can improve the accuracy of the determined angle of arrival AOA.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种终端设备及通信系统。终端设备包括第一天线辐射体、第二天线辐射体、第三天线辐射体及处理器。第二天线辐射体、第三天线辐射体皆与第一天线辐射体沿第一目标方向排列。第三天线辐射体的相位中心与第一天线辐射体的相位中心之间的第二间距与第二天线辐射体的相位中心与第一天线辐射体的相位中心之间第一间距中的至少一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长。处理器根据第一天线辐射体与第二天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的第一相位差、第三天线辐射体与第一天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的第二相位差、第一间距、第二间距确定第一电磁波信号的到达角。终端设备及通信系统的天线辐射体排布自由度、到达角的精度较高。

Description

终端设备及通信系统
本申请要求于2022年06月27日提交至中国专利局，申请号为202210736182.3，申请名称为“终端设备及通信系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及定位技术领域，具体涉及一种终端设备及通信系统。
背景技术
基于终端设备的天线辐射体接收电磁波信号的相位差可确定到达角，实现定位。其中，天线辐射体接收电磁波信号的相位差与天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距相关。相关技术中，天线辐射体的排布要求较高，所确定的到达角的精度较低。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种能够提高到达角精度的终端设备及通信系统。
一方面，本申请提供了一种终端设备，包括：
第一天线辐射体，用于接收待测设备发射的第一电磁波信号；
第二天线辐射体，与所述第一天线辐射体沿第一目标方向排列，并用于接收所述第一电磁波信号，所述第二天线辐射体的相位中心与所述第一天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距为第一间距；
第三天线辐射体，与所述第一天线辐射体沿所述第一目标方向排列，并用于接收所述第一电磁波信号，所述第三天线辐射体的相位中心与所述第一天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距为第二间距，其中，所述第二间距与所述第一间距中的至少一者大于所述第一电磁波信号的半波长；
处理器，用于获取所述第一天线辐射体与所述第二天线辐射体之间接收所述第一电磁波信号的第一相位差，以及获取所述第三天线辐射体与所述第一天线辐射体之间接收所述第一电磁波信号的第二相位差，并用于根据所述第一相位差、所述第二相位差、所述第一间距、所述第二间距确定所述第一电磁波信号的到达角。
另一方面，本申请还提供了一种通信系统，包括待测设备及所述的终端设备，所述待测设备用于向所述终端设备发射所述第一电磁波信号。
本申请提供的终端设备通过设置第一天线辐射体、第二天线辐射体、第三天线辐射体及处理器，使第一天线辐射体、第二天线辐射体及第三天线辐射体皆用于接收第一电磁波信号，由于第二天线辐射体与第一天线辐射体沿第一目标方向排列，第三天线辐射体与第一天线辐射体沿第一目标方向排列，且第二天线辐射体的相位中心与第一天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距为第一间距，第三天线辐射体的相位中心与第一天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距为第二间距，第二间距与第一间距中的至少一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长，因此可使第一天线辐射体与第二天线辐射体，第一天线辐射体与第三天线辐射体中的至少一者摆脱相位中心之间的间距小于或等于电磁波信号的半波长的限制，提高天线辐射体的排布自由度，便于终端设备的布局。处理器根据第一天线辐射体与第二天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的第一相位差、第三天线辐射体与第一天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的第二相位差、第一间距、第二间距确定第一电磁波信号的到达角，可用于实现待测设备的定位。而第二间距与第一间距中的至少一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长，可提高所确定的到达角的精度。本申请提供的通信系统因具有上述终端设备，因此定位精度较高。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的示意图；
图2为终端设备的两个天线辐射体确定到达角的原理示意图；
图3为图2所示终端设备的天线辐射体接收第一电磁波信号的信号相位差与到达角的一种关系示意图；
图4为图1所示通信系统中终端设备的一种结构示意图，其中，第一天线辐射体、第二天线辐射体及第三天线辐射体依次排列；
图5为图2所示终端设备的天线辐射体接收第一电磁波信号的信号相位差与到达角的另一种关系示意图；
图6为图4所示终端设备的第一天线辐射体可以位于第二天线辐射体及第三天线辐射体之间的结构示意图；
图7为图1所示通信系统中终端设备的另一种结构示意图，其中，第一天线辐射体、第二天线辐射体及第三天线辐射体依次排列；
图8为图7所示终端设备的第一天线辐射体可以位于第二天线辐射体与第三天线辐射体之间的结构示 意图；
图9为图1所示通信系统中终端设备的再一种结构示意图，其中，第一天线辐射体位于第二天线辐射体与第三天线辐射体之间；
图10为图9所示终端设备的第一天线辐射体、第二天线辐射体及第三天线辐射体可以依次排列的结构示意图；
图11为图4所示终端设备还包括三个第一信号接收单元的电路框图；
图12为图4所示终端设备包括一个信号发射单元、两个第一信号接收单元和切换开关的电路框图；
图13为图4所示终端设备还包括第四天线辐射体的结构示意图，其中，第四天线辐射体与第一天线辐射体沿第二目标方向排列，第二目标方向与第一目标方向垂直；
图14为图13所示终端设备的第四天线辐射体与第一天线辐射体沿第二目标方向排列，且第二目标方向与第一目标方向可以不垂直的结构示意图；
图15为图13所示终端设备的第四天线辐射体和第二天线辐射体共用同一第一信号接收单元的电路框图；
图16为图13所示终端设备还包括第五天线辐射体的一种结构示意图，其中，第一天线辐射体、第四天线辐射体及第五天线辐射体依次排列的结构示意图；
图17为图16所示终端设备的第一天线辐射体可以位于第四天线辐射体与第五天线辐射体之间的结构示意图；
图18为图16所示终端设备还包括第五天线辐射体的另一种结构示意图，其中，第一天线辐射体、第四天线辐射体及第五天线辐射体依次排列；
图19为图18所示终端设备的第一天线辐射体可以位于第四天线辐射体及第五天线辐射体之间的结构示意图；
图20为图16所示终端设备还包括第五天线辐射体的再一种结构示意图，其中，第一天线辐射体位于第四天线辐射体与第五天线辐射体之间；
图21为图20所示终端设备的第一天线辐射体、第四天线辐射体及第五天线辐射体可以依次排列的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，本申请所描述的实施例仅仅是一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请提供的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请的保护范围。在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例所描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的、独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员可以显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如：包含了一个或多个零部件的组件或设备没有限定于已列出的一个或多个零部件，而是可选地还包括没有列出的但所示例的产品固有的一个或多个零部件，或者基于所说明的功能其应具有的一个或多个零部件。
如图1所示，图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统100的示意图。通信系统100包括待测设备2和终端设备1。其中，待测设备2用于向终端设备1发射第一电磁波信号。可以理解的，待测设备2包括能够发射第一电磁波信号的天线辐射体21。待测设备2可以是但不限定于：笔记本电脑、平板电脑、移动设备(例如，移动电话(手机)、便携式音乐播放器、个人数字助理、专用消息设备、便携式游戏设备、车载设备以及可穿戴设备)等；还可以是佩戴在人、宠物、物等上的标签设备、智能家居等。终端设备1包括多个天线辐射体组成的阵列。终端设备1的天线辐射体能够接收待测设备2的天线辐射体21发射的第一电磁波信号。终端设备1可以是但不限定于：笔记本电脑、平板电脑、移动设备(例如，移动电话(手机)、便携式音乐播放器、个人数字助理、专用消息设备、便携式游戏设备、车载设备以及可穿戴设备)等。本申请实施例中待测设备2、终端设备1皆以手机为例。
其中，待测设备2向终端设备1发射的第一电磁波信号包括但不限于为超宽带(Ultra Wide Band，UWB)信号、蓝牙信号、全球定位系统(Global Positioning System，GPS)信号等。本申请实施例以UWB信号为例进行说明。UWB是一种短距离的无线通信方式，其传输距离通常在10m以内，使用1GHz以上带宽。UWB不采用载波，而是利用纳秒至微秒级的非正弦波窄脉冲传输数据，因此，其所占的频谱范围很宽，适用于高速、近距离的无线个人通信。FCC规定，UWB的工作频段范围从3.1GHz到10.6GHz，最小工作频宽为500MHz。目前主流的UWB频段的中心频率为6.5GHz和8GHz，带宽要求500MHz以上。
通信系统100实现到达角(Angle of Arrival，AOA)测量的基本原理可以理解为：待测设备2通过天线辐射体21发射第一电磁波信号。由于终端设备1的多个天线辐射体与待测设备2的天线辐射体之间的距 离不同，因此待测设备2发射的第一电磁波信号到达终端设备1的多个天线辐射体的路径不同，即引入了额外的路径差，从而第一电磁波信号到达多个天线辐射体形成额外的时间差，额外的时间差使得终端设备1接收的第一电磁波信号产生信号相位PDOA差(Phase Difference of Arrival，PDOA)。其中，信号相位差PDOA与第一电磁波信号的波长、多个天线辐射体之间的相位中心的间距以及到达角AOA相关。因此，在第一电磁波信号的波长已知时，通过终端设备1的多个天线辐射体接收第一电磁波信号的信号相位差PDOA、多个天线辐射体之间的相位中心的间距可以确定到达角AOA。
如图2所示，图2为二维坐标系中终端设备1的两个天线辐射体确定到达角AOA的原理示意图。其中，D远远大于λ，因此，θ 1≈θ 2≈θ。λ为第一电磁波信号的波长。终端设备1的两个天线辐射体之间额外的路径差为d 1，d 1＝d cosθ＝d sinα。d为终端设备1的两个天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距。终端设备1的两个天线辐射体之间额外的时间差为t 1，
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000001
c为波速。信号相位差PDOA为
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000003
到达角AOA为α，
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000004
如图3所示，图3为图2所示终端设备1的天线辐射体接收第一电磁波信号的信号相位差PDOA与到达角AOA的曲线关系图。基于第一电磁波信号的中心频率为6.5GHz和8GHz，可以得到第一电磁波信号的波长λ为36.4mm～48mm。半波长λ/2为18.2mm～24mm。以下实施例中在未明确说明的情况下以第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2为18mm为例。图3中(a)、(b)、(c)分别给出了两个天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距为5mm、10mm、15mm以及两个天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距为半波长λ/2时的信号相位差PDOA曲线，从图3中可以看出当两个天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距小于半波长λ/2时，信号相位差PDOA曲线的斜率减小，所确定的到达角AOA的精度较低。为此，本申请提出了一种终端设备1，有利于提高到达角AOA的测量精度，且天线辐射体的排布自由度较高。
如图4所示，图4为本申请提供的终端设备1的结构示意图。终端设备1包括第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11、第三天线辐射体12及处理器13。
第一天线辐射体10可以为形状规则(例如：三角形、矩形、方形、圆形、其他多边形、球形等)的天线辐射体，也可以为异形(例如：F形、E形等)的天线辐射体。第一天线辐射体10的材质可以为金属、合金、碳纤维、复合高分子等导电材质。以终端设备1为手机为例，第一天线辐射体10可以位于终端设备1的显示屏内、显示屏与后盖之间、后盖上等。本申请对于第一天线辐射体10在终端设备1内的位置及尺寸不作具体的限定。第一天线辐射体10的相位中心为第一天线辐射体10电磁辐射的等效点源的位置。当第一天线辐射体10为形状规则的天线辐射体时，第一天线辐射体10的相位中心可以理解为第一天线辐射体10的几何中心，允许存在少许的偏差。当第一天线辐射体10为异形天线辐射体时，第一天线辐射体10的相位中心可能位于第一天线辐射体10的几何中心，也可能位于第一天线辐射体10在任一方向(例如：第一目标方向、第二目标方向等)的中心，还可能位于第一天线辐射体10的其他位置。以下实施例中，在未明确说明的情况下以第一天线辐射体10的相位中心即第一天线辐射体10的几何中心为例。第一天线辐射体10用于接收第一电磁波信号。
第二天线辐射体11可以为形状规则(例如：三角形、矩形、方形、圆形、其他多边形、球形等)的天线辐射体，也可以为异形(例如：F形、E形等)的天线辐射体。第二天线辐射体11的材质可以为金属、合金、碳纤维、复合高分子等导电材质。以终端设备1为手机为例，第二天线辐射体11可以位于终端设备1的显示屏内、显示屏与后盖之间、后盖上等。本申请对于第二天线辐射体11在终端设备1内的位置及尺寸不作具体的限定。第二天线辐射体11的相位中心为第二天线辐射体11电磁辐射的等效点源的位置。当第二天线辐射体11为形状规则的天线辐射体时，第二天线辐射体11的相位中心可以理解为第二天线辐射体11的几何中心，允许存在少许的偏差。当第二天线辐射体11为异形天线辐射体时，第二天线辐射体11的相位中心可能位于第二天线辐射体11的几何中心，也可能位于第二天线辐射体11在任一方向(例如：第一目标方向、第二目标方向等)的中心，还可能位于第二天线辐射体11的其他位置。以下实施例中，在未明确说明的情况下以第二天线辐射体11的相位中心即第二天线辐射体11的几何中心为例。第二天线辐射体11的形状、材质、尺寸可以与第一天线辐射体10的形状、材质、尺寸相同也可以不同。第二天线辐射体11用于接收第一电磁波信号。第二天线辐射体11与第一天线辐射体10沿第一目标方向排列。第一目标方向可以是水平方向、垂直方向或其他方向。其中，水平方向可以理解为终端设备1的宽度方向，可参照附图中的X轴方向；垂直方向可以理解为终端设备1的长度方向，可参照附图中的Y轴方向。以下实施例中以第一目标方向为水平方向为例。第二天线辐射体11的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的间距为第一间距d 12。本申请实施例中，第一间距d 12即第二天线辐射体11的几何中心与第一天线辐射体10的几何中心之间的间距，可参照附图中的d 12。
第三天线辐射体12可以为形状规则(例如：三角形、矩形、方形、圆形、其他多边形、球形等)的天线辐射体，也可以为异形(例如：F形、E形等)的天线辐射体。第三天线辐射体12的材质可以为金属、合金、碳纤维、复合高分子等导电材质。以终端设备1为手机为例，第三天线辐射体12可以位于终端设备1的显示屏内、显示屏与后盖之间、后盖上等。本申请对于第三天线辐射体12在终端设备1内的位置 及尺寸不作具体的限定。第三天线辐射体12的相位中心为第三天线辐射体12电磁辐射的等效点源的位置。当第三天线辐射体12为形状规则的天线辐射体时，第三天线辐射体12的相位中心可以理解为第三天线辐射体12的几何中心，允许存在少许的偏差。当第三天线辐射体12为异形天线辐射体时，第三天线辐射体12的相位中心可能位于第三天线辐射体12的几何中心，也可能位于第三天线辐射体12在任一方向(例如：第一目标方向、第二目标方向等)的中心，还可能位于第三天线辐射体12的其他位置。以下实施例中，在未明确说明的情况下以第三天线辐射体12的相位中心即第三天线辐射体12的几何中心为例。第三天线辐射体12的形状、材质、尺寸可以与第一天线辐射体10的形状、材质、尺寸相同也可以不同。第三天线辐射体12的形状、材质、尺寸可以与第二天线辐射体11的形状、材质、尺寸相同也可以不同。第三天线辐射体12用于接收第一电磁波信号。第三天线辐射体12与第一天线辐射体10沿第一目标方向排列。可以理解的，第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12依次沿第一目标方向排列；或者，第二天线辐射体11、第一天线辐射体10及第三天线辐射体12依次沿第一目标方向排列。第三天线辐射体12的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的间距为第二间距d 13。本申请实施例中，第二间距d 13即第三天线辐射体12的几何中心与第一天线辐射体10的几何中心之间的间距，可参照附图中的d 13。
其中，第二间距d 13与第一间距d 12中的至少一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2。可选的，第一间距d 12大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第二间距d 13小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；或者，第一间距d 12小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第二间距d 13大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；又或者，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2。
如图5所示，图5为图2所示终端设备1的天线辐射体接收第一电磁波信号的信号相位差PDOA与到达角AOA的曲线关系图。图5中(d)、(e)、(f)分别给出了两个天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距为20mm、30mm、40mm以及两个天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距为半波长λ/2时的信号相位差PDOA曲线，从图5中可以看出当两个天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距大于半波长λ/2时，信号相位差PDOA曲线的斜率增加，使得所确定的到达角AOA的精度提高。可以理解的，当第一间距d 12大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第二间距d 13小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2时，第一相位差PDOA 12曲线的斜率增加，可提高到达角AOA的精度；当第一间距d 12小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第二间距d 13大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2时，第二相位差PDOA 13曲线的斜率增加，可提高到达角AOA的精度；当第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2时，第一相位差PDOA 12曲线的斜率增加，第二相位差PDOA 13曲线的斜率增加，可提高到达角AOA的精度。换言之，由于第一电磁波信号的波长一定，因此第一间距d 12和/或第二间距d 13越大，终端设备1的测角精度越高。但是，当第一间距d 12和/或第二间距d 13增大到一定值时，会导致终端设备1进行测角时出现相位模糊，所确定的到达角AOA不唯一，相关问题在后续的实施例中进一步解决。
处理器13用于获取第一天线辐射体10与第二天线辐射体11之间接收第一电磁波信号的第一相位差PDOA 12，以及获取第三天线辐射体12与第一天线辐射体10之间接收第一电磁波信号的第二相位差PDOA 13，并用于根据第一相位差PDOA 12、第二相位差PDOA 13、第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13及第一电磁波信号的波长确定第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA。其中，处理器13可以是终端设备1的中央处理器CPU、也可以是由CPU控制的处理器或者独立于CPU的处理器等。第一相位差PDOA 12与第一间距d 12、第一电磁波信号的波长、第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA相关。第二相位差PDOA 13与第二间距d 13、第一电磁波信号的波长、第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA相关。在三维空间中，第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA包括第一角度和第二角度，第一角度与第二角度中的一者为方位角，第一角度与第二角度中的另一者为俯仰角。以下实施例中，建立如图4所述的三维坐标系，分别标记为X轴、Y轴和Z轴。本申请实施例中，X轴方向为第一目标方向。图4中，第一角度记为θ，可以理解为方位角；第二角度记为
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000005
可以理解为俯仰角。基于如图4所述的三维坐标系，可以得到三维空间中波矢量为
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000007
换言之，通过确定第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA，可以实现待测设备2的二维或三维定位。
本申请提供的终端设备1通过设置第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11、第三天线辐射体12及处理器13，使第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12皆用于接收第一电磁波信号，由于第二天线辐射体11与第一天线辐射体10沿第一目标方向排列，第三天线辐射体12与第一天线辐射体10沿第一目标方向排列，且第二天线辐射体11的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的间距为第一间距d 12，第三天线辐射体12的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的间距为第二间距d 13，第二间距d 13与第一间距d 12中的至少一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，因此可使第一天线辐射体10与第二天线辐射体11，第一天线辐射体10与第三天线辐射体12中的至少一者摆脱相位中心之间的间距小于或等于电磁波信号的半波长λ/2的限制，提高天线辐射体的排布自由度，便于终端设备1的布局。处理器13根据第一天线辐射体10与第二天线辐射体11之间接收第一电磁波信号的第一相位差PDOA 12、第三天线辐射体12与第一天线辐射体10之间接收第一电磁波信号的第二相位差PDOA 13、第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13确定第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA，可用于实现待测设备2的定位。而第二间距d 13与第一间距d 12中的至少一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，可提高所确定的到达角AOA的精度。本申请提供 的通信系统100因具有上述终端设备1，因此定位精度较高。
从图5(e)、(f)中可以看出当终端设备1的两个天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距大于半波长λ/2时，两个天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的信号相位差PDOA与到达角AOA在一些范围内未一一对应。换言之，当终端设备1的两个天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距大于半波长λ/2时，基于两个天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的信号相位差PDOA所确定的到达角AOA不唯一，以下称之为相位模糊。为此，本申请进一步对终端设备1进行了改进，可在提高到达角AOA测量精度的同时避免相位模糊，即使得信号相位差PDOA与到达角AOA一一对应。
其中，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13不同。可选的，第一间距d 12大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第二间距d 13小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；或者，第一间距d 12小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第二间距d 13大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；又或者，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，且第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13不相等。换言之，当第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12可以小于或大于第二间距d 13。
一实施例中，请参照图4和图6，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13中的一者小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13中的另一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2。换言之，第一间距d 12大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第二间距d 13小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；或者，第一间距d 12小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第二间距d 13大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2。以下实施例中以第一间距d 12小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第二间距d 13大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2为例。可以理解的，第二间距d 13大于第一间距d 12。换言之，第一间距d 12小于第二间距d 13。
一实施方式中，如图4所示，第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12依次排列。本实施方式中，由于第三天线辐射体12的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第二间距d 13大于第二天线辐射体11的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第一间距d 12，因此使第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12依次排列可减少第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12在第一目标方向上所占据的空间，缩减终端设备1沿第一目标方向的尺寸，有利于终端设备1的小型化。当然，在其他实施方式中，如图6所示，第一天线辐射体10可以位于第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12之间。换言之，第二天线辐射体11、第一天线辐射体10及第三天线辐射体12可以依次排列。
其中，PDOA 12＝kd 12sinθ   (1)；PDOA 13′＝kd 13sinθ   (2)；PDOA 13′＝PDOA 13+2πN 1   (3)；
式(1)、(2)、(3)中，θ为到达角AOA的第一角度；PDOA 12为第一天线辐射体10与第二天线辐射体11之间接收第一电磁波信号的第一相位差，处理器13可直接获取；PDOA 13为第三天线辐射体12与第一天线辐射体10之间接收第一电磁波信号的第二相位差PDOA 13，处理器13可直接获取；
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000008
d 12为第二天线辐射体11的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第一间距d 12，可测量得到，并记录于终端设备1中；d 13为第三天线辐射体12的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第二间距d 13，可测量得到，并记录于终端设备1中。由于PDOA 12，PDOA 13可直接获取，d 12、d 13可测量得到，第一电磁波信号的波长已知，故基于上述(1)、(2)(3)可以确定唯一的N1和θ。其中，不考虑误差影响时，N1可选为整数。可以理解的，由于所确定的θ唯一，因此本实施例提供的方案可解决第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA的第一角度θ相位模糊的问题。
具体的，
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000009
换言之，上述实施例提供了一种可以实现高精度检测到达角AOA的终端设备1中天线辐射体的排布方案，采用多基线检测到达角的方法，即在第一目标方向(方位方向)上设置不同间隔排布的三个天线辐射体，其中，第一天线辐射体10与第二天线辐射体11之间的第一间距d 12较短，小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，可以保证终端设备1在大的视场角(Field of view，FOV)范围内无相位模糊，第一天线辐射体10与第三天线辐射体12之间的第二间距d 13较长，大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，可以保证终端设备1检测到达角AOA的精度较高，提升用户体验；或者，第一天线辐射体10与第二天线辐射体11之间的第一间距d 12较长，大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，可以保证终端设备1检测到达角AOA的精度较高，提升用户体验，第一天线辐射体10与第三天线辐射体12之间的第二间距d 13较短，小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，可以保证终端设备1在大的视场角FOV范围内无相位模糊。
另一实施例中，请参照图7至图10，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2。由于第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一相位差PDOA 12曲线的斜率增加，第二相位差PDOA 13可曲线的斜率增加，因此可以提高到达角AOA的精度。此外，本实施例中由于第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，使得第一天线辐射体10与第二天线辐射体11之间的隔离度增加，第三天线辐射体12与第一天线辐射体10之间的隔离度增加，可降低第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11、第三天线辐射体12接收第一电磁波信号的干扰，进一步地提高到达角AOA的检测精度。
一实施方式中，请参照图7和图8，第一间距d 12等于m*x，第二间距d 13等于n*x，其中，m与n互为质数。举例而言，m＝3；n＝5；x＝8mm，即第一间距d 12等于24mm；第二间距d 13等于40mm，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；或者，m＝5；n＝7；x＝6mm，即第一间距d 12等于30mm；第二间距d 13等于42mm，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；又或者，m＝7；n＝11；x＝4mm，即第一间距d 12等于28mm；第二间距d 13等于44mm，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；再或者，m＝7；n＝11；x＝5mm，即第一间距d 12等于35mm；第二间距d 13等于55mm，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2等等。
可选的，如图7所示，m小于n。换言之，第一间距d 12小于第二间距d 13。第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12依次排列。本实施方式中，由于第二天线辐射体11的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第一间距d 12小于第三天线辐射体12的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第二间距d 13，因此使第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12依次排列可减少第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12在第一目标方向上所占据的空间，缩减终端设备1沿第一目标方向的尺寸，有利于终端设备1的小型化。当然，在其他实施例中，如图8所示，第一天线辐射体10可以位于第二天线辐射体11与第三天线辐射体12之间。
其中，kd 12sinθ＝2πN 2+PDOA 12      (4)；kd 13sinθ＝2πN 3+PDOA 13   (5)；
由上述(4)、(5)以及
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000010
d 12＝m*x、d 13＝n*x可以得到：
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000011
式(6)、(7)中，θ为到达角AOA的第一角度；PDOA 12为第一天线辐射体10与第二天线辐射体11之间接收第一电磁波信号的第一相位差，处理器13可直接获取；PDOA 13为第三天线辐射体12与第一天线辐射体10之间接收第一电磁波信号的第二相位差，处理器13可直接获取；m*x为第二天线辐射体11的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第一间距d 12；n*x为第三天线辐射体12的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第二间距d 13。由于第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13可测量得到，并存储于终端设备1内，故可基于第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13确定m、n、x，PDOA 12，PDOA 13处理器13可直接获取，第一电磁波信号的波长已知，故可基于上述(6)、(7)以及m与n互为质数的关系确定N2和N3之间的关系，基于N2和N3之间的关系以及上述(6)、(7)可确定唯一的θ。其中，不考虑误差影响时，N2和N3可选为整数。可以理解的，由于θ唯一，因此当第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，若第一间距d 12等于m*x，第二间距d 13等于n*x，m与n互为质数，则同样可解决第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA的第一角度θ相位模糊的问题。
换言之，上述实施方式提供了另一种实现高精度检测到达角AOA的终端设备1中天线辐射体的排布方案，采用参差基线测角方法，即在第一目标方向(方位方向)上设置特定间隔排布的三个天线辐射体，其中，第一天线辐射体10与第二天线辐射体11之间的第一间距d 12＝m*x，大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一天线辐射体10与第三天线辐射体12之间的第二间距d 13＝n*x，也大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，且m与n互为质数，通过上述三个天线辐射体的排布方式，摆脱了检测到达角时天线辐射体之间的间距需要小于或等于电磁波信号的半波长的限制，增加了第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12排布的灵活度，且增加了第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12之间的隔离度，同时由于第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，可以提升终端设备1检测到达角AOA的精度，提升用户体验。
另一实施方式中，请参照图9和图10，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13之间的差值的绝对值小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2。
可选的，第一间距d 12小于第二间距d 13。例如：第一间距d 12为25mm；第二间距d 13为30mm，其中，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13之间的差值的绝对值为5mm，小于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；或者，第一间距d 12为25mm，第二间距d 13为35mm，其中，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13之间的差值的绝对值为10mm，小于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；又或者，第一间距d 12为20mm，第二间距d 13为35mm，其中，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13之间的差值的绝对值为15mm，小于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；再或者，第一间距d 12为20mm，第二间距d 13为38mm，其中，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13之间的差值的绝对值为18mm，等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2等等。
当然，在其他实施方式中，第一间距d 12可以大于第二间距d 13；例如：第一间距d 12为32mm，第二间距d 13为27mm，其中，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13之间的差值的绝对值为5mm，小于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；或者，第一间距d 12为34mm，第二间距d 13为24mm，其中，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13之间的差值的绝对值为10mm，小于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；又或者，第一间距d 12为 33mm；第二间距d 13为23mm；其中，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13之间的差值的绝对值为15mm，小于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；再或者，第一间距d 12为38mm，第二间距d 13为20mm，其中，第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13之间的差值的绝对值为18mm，等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2等等。
可选的，如图9所示，第一天线辐射体10位于第二天线辐射体11与第三天线辐射体12之间。本实施方式中，由于第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长，因此使第一天线辐射体10位于第二天线辐射体11与第三天线辐射体12之间可增加第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12的隔离度，降低第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11、第三天线辐射体12接收第一电磁波信号的干扰，提高到达角AOA的精度。当然，在其他实施方式中，如图10所示，第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12可以依次排列。
其中，kd 12sinθ＝2πN 4+PDOA 12   (8)；kd 13sinθ＝2πN 5+PDOA 13   (9)；
基于(8)、(9)以及
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000012
可以得到：
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000013
式(10)中，θ为到达角AOA的第一角度；PDOA 12为第一天线辐射体10与第二天线辐射体11之间接收第一电磁波信号的第一相位差，处理器13可直接获取；PDOA 13为第三天线辐射体12与第一天线辐射体10之间接收第一电磁波信号的第二相位差，处理器13可直接获取；d 12为第二天线辐射体11的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第一间距d 12，可测量得到，并记录于终端设备1内；d 13为第三天线辐射体12的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第二间距d 13，可测量得到，并记录于终端设备1内。由于
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000014
故式(10)中PDOA 13-PDOA 12+2π(N 5-N 4)∈[-180°，180°]。此外，由于PDOA 12，PDOA 13处理器13可直接获取，d 12、d 13可测量得到，不考虑误差影响时，N 4、N 5可选为整数。第一电磁波信号的波长已知，故基于上述(10)可确定唯一的θ。可以理解的，由于θ唯一，因此当第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，若第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13之间的差值的绝对值小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，同样可解决第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA的第一角度θ相位模糊的问题。
换言之，上述实施方式提供了又一种实现高精度检测到达角AOA的终端设备1中天线辐射体的排布方案，采用虚拟基线测角方法，即在第一目标方向(方位方向)上设置特定间隔排布的三个天线辐射体，其中，第一天线辐射体10与第二天线辐射体11之间的第一间距d 12大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一天线辐射体10与第三天线辐射体12之间的第二间距d 13也第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，而第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13之间的差值的绝对值|d 13-d 12|小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，通过上述三个天线辐射体的排布方式，摆脱了检测到达角时天线辐射体之间的间距需要小于或等于电磁波信号的半波长的限制，增加了第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12排布的灵活度，且增加了第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12之间的隔离度，同时由于第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，可以提升终端设备1检测到达角AOA的精度，提升用户体验。
进一步地，如图11所示，终端设备1还包括至少一个第一信号接收单元140。本申请对于第一信号接收单元140的数量不作具体的限定。举例而言，第一信号接收单元140的数量可以为一个、两个、三个等。第一信号接收单元140与第一天线辐射体10之间的通路、第一信号接收单元140与第二天线辐射体11之间的通路、第一信号接收单元140与第三天线辐射体12之间的通路皆可以包括低噪声放大器、滤波器等。第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12用于将接收到的第一电磁波信号传输至第一信号接收单元140。至少一个第一信号接收单元140电连接第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11、第三天线辐射体12。举例而言，终端设备1还包括三个第一信号接收单元140。一个第一信号接收单元140电连接第一天线辐射体10，用于激励第一天线辐射体10接收第一电磁波信号，另一个第一信号接收单元140电连接第二天线辐射体11，用于激励第二天线辐射体11接收第一电磁波信号，再一个第一信号接收单元140电连接第三天线辐射体12，用于激励第三天线辐射体12接收第一电磁波信号；或者，终端设备1还包括一个第一信号接收单元140，第一信号接收单元140分别电连接第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11和第三天线辐射体12，用于激励第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11和第三天线辐射体12接收第一电磁波信号。其中，至少一个第一信号接收单元140电连接第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11、第三天线辐射体12的方式可以包括直接电连接、间接电连接、耦合馈电等。第一信号接收单元140电连接处理器13，可以将第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11、第三天线辐射体12接收第一电磁波信号的信息传递至处理器13。换言之，处理器13可以从至少一个第一信号接收单元140处获取第一天线辐射体10与第二天线辐射体11之间接收第一电磁波信号的第一相位差PDOA 12，以及第三天线辐射体12与第一天线辐射体10之间接收第一电磁波信号的第二相位差PDOA 13。
如图12所示，终端设备1还包括至少一个信号发射单元15。信号发射单元15用于产生射频信号，并 传输至第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12中的至少一者，以使第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12中的至少一者发射第二电磁波信号。本申请对于信号发射单元15的数量不作具体的限定。举例而言，信号发射单元15的数量可以为一个、两个、三个等。信号发射单元15与第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12中的至少一者之间的通路可以包括功率放大器、滤波器等。信号发射单元15电连接第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11、第三天线辐射体12中的至少一者，用于激励第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11、第三天线辐射体12中的至少一者发射第二电磁波信号。举例而言，终端设备1还包括三个信号发射单元15。一个信号发射单元15电连接第一天线辐射体10，用于激励第一天线辐射体10发射第二电磁波信号，另一个信号发射单元15电连接第二天线辐射体11，用于激励第二天线辐射体11发射第二电磁波信号，再一个信号发射单元15电连接第三天线辐射体12，用于激励第三天线辐射体12发射第二电磁波信号；或者，终端设备1还包括一个信号发射单元15，信号发射单元15分别电连接第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11和第三天线辐射体12，用于激励第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11和第三天线辐射体12中的至少一者发射第二电磁波信号。其中，信号发射单元15电连接第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11、第三天线辐射体12中的至少一者的方式可以包括直接电连接、间接电连接、耦合馈电等。
通过设置信号发射单元15，可使第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12中的至少一者在信号发射单元15的激励下发射第二电磁波信号，从而可使得本申请提供的终端设备1在其他应用场景中可以作为待测设备2使用，实现终端设备1的定位。
一实施例中，如图12所示，终端设备1包括一个信号发射单元15、两个第一信号接收单元140和切换开关16。切换开关16的一端电连接信号发射单元15和一个第一信号接收单元140，切换开关16的另一端电连接第一天线辐射体10和第三天线辐射体12。切换开关16用于使第一天线辐射体10、第三天线辐射体12中的一者与第一信号接收单元140导通，和/或，用于使第一天线辐射体10、第三天线辐射体12中的另一者与信号发射单元15导通。另一个第一信号接收单元140电连接第二天线辐射体11。其中，切换开关16可以包括单刀单掷开关、单刀双掷开关、单刀多掷开关、双刀双掷开关等中的一种或多种。本实施例中，第一天线辐射体10和第三天线辐射体12共用同一信号发射单元15和第一信号接收单元140，可充分利用空间资源，通过多个天线辐射体实现多发多收，在不增加频谱资源和天线辐射体发射功率的情况下，可以成倍的提高系统信道容量。
进一步地，终端设备1还包括第一匹配网络，第一匹配网络的一端电连接至少一个所述第一信号接收单元140，第一匹配网络的另一端分别电连接第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12。其中，第一匹配网络与第一信号接收单元140之间的电连接方式包括直接电连接、间接电连接、耦合馈电等。第一匹配网络与第一天线辐射体10，第一匹配网络与第二天线辐射体11，第一匹配网络与第三天线辐射体12之间的电连接方式包括直接电连接、间接电连接、耦合馈电等。处理器13还用于控制第一匹配网络，以控制第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11接收第一电磁波信号的频率，调节第一相位差PDOA 12；和/或，控制第一匹配网络，以控制第一天线辐射体10、第三天线辐射体12接收第一电磁波信号的频率，调节第二相位差PDOA 13。
一实施例中，第一匹配网络包括第一匹配电路、第二匹配电路和第三匹配电路。第一匹配电路电连接于一个第一信号接收单元140与第一天线辐射体10之间，第二匹配电路电连接于另一个第一信号接收单元140与第二天线辐射体11之间，第三匹配电路电连接于再一个第一信号接收单元140与第三天线辐射体12之间。处理器13用于控制第一匹配电路和/或第二匹配电路，以控制第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11接收第一电磁波信号的频率，调节第一相位差PDOA 12。处理器13用于控制第一匹配电路和/或第三匹配电路，以控制第一天线辐射体10、第三天线辐射体12接收第一电磁波信号的频率，调节第二相位差PDOA 13。由于
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000015
因此基于上述(1)(2)，或者(4)、(5)，或者(8)、(9)可以看出当d 12、d 13一定时，λ与信号相位差PDOA曲线的斜率成反比，因此λ越小测量到达角AOA的精度越大，λ越大无模糊测量到达角AOA的范围越大，故本实施例通过设置第一匹配电路、第二匹配电路和第三匹配电路可以切换不同的频率以调节λ，提高第一角度θ的精度和解决第一角度θ相位模糊的问题。
进一步地，如图13所示，终端设备1还包括第四天线辐射体18。第四天线辐射体18可以为形状规则(例如：三角形、矩形、方形、圆形、其他多边形、球形等)的天线辐射体，也可以为异形(例如：F形、E形等)的天线辐射体。第四天线辐射体18的材质可以为金属、合金、碳纤维、复合高分子等导电材质。以终端设备1为手机为例，第四天线辐射体18可以位于终端设备1的显示屏内、显示屏与后盖之间、后盖上等。本申请对于第四天线辐射体18在终端设备1内的位置及尺寸不作具体的限定。第四天线辐射体18的相位中心为第四天线辐射体18电磁辐射的等效点源的位置。当第四天线辐射体18为形状规则的天线辐射体时，第四天线辐射体18的相位中心可以理解为第四天线辐射体18的几何中心，允许存在少许的偏差。当第四天线辐射体18为异形天线辐射体时，第四天线辐射体18的相位中心可能位于第四天线辐射体18的几何中心，也可能位于第四天线辐射体18在任一方向(例如：第一目标方向、第二目标方向等)的中心，还可能位于第四天线辐射体18的其他位置。以下实施例中，在未明确说明的情况下以第四天线辐 射体18的相位中心即第四天线辐射体18的几何中心为例。第四天线辐射体18的形状、材质、尺寸可以与第一天线辐射体10的形状、材质、尺寸相同也可以不同。第四天线辐射体18的形状、材质、尺寸可以与第二天线辐射体11的形状、材质、尺寸相同也可以不同。第四天线辐射体18的形状、材质、尺寸可以与第三天线辐射体12的形状、材质、尺寸相同也可以不同。第四天线辐射体18与目标天线辐射体沿第二目标方向排列。其中，第二目标方向与第一目标方向相交，目标天线辐射体为第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12中的一者。可以理解的，第二目标方向与第一目标方向垂直，或者，第二目标方向与第一目标方向相交且不垂直。本申请实施例中，目标辐射体以第一天线辐射体10为例。当然，在其他实施例中，目标辐射体可以是第二天线辐射体11或者第三天线辐射体12。第四天线辐射体18的相位中心与目标天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距为第三间距d 14。本申请实施例中，第三间距d 14即第四天线辐射体18的几何中心与第一天线辐射体10的几何中心之间的间距，可参照附图中d 14。第四天线辐射体18用于接收第一电磁波信号。处理器13还用于获取第四天线辐射体18与目标天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的第三相位差PDOA 14，并用于根据第三相位差PDOA 14、第二相位差PDOA 13及第一相位差PDOA 12、第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13及第三间距d 14确定第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA。
一实施例中，如图13所示，第二目标方向与第一目标方向垂直。换言之，在本申请实施例中，第二目标方向即垂直方向，可参照附图中的Y轴方向。处理器13可以根据第二相位差PDOA 13、第一相位差PDOA 12第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13确定第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA中的第一角度θ，并根据第三相位差PDOA 14、第三间距d 14与第一角度θ确定到达角AOA的第二角度
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000016
具体的，
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000017
式(11)中，θ为到达角AOA的第一角度；
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000018
为到达角AOA的第二角度；PDOA 14为第四天线辐射体18与目标天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的第三相位差，处理器13可直接获取；
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000019
d 14为第四天线辐射体18的相位中心与目标天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距，可测量得到，并存储于终端设备1内；由于PDOA 14处理器13可直接获取，d 14可测量得到，第一电磁波信号的波长已知，θ可基于第一相位差PDOA 12、第二相位差PDOA 13确定，因此结合式(11)可确定到达角AOA的第二角度
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000020
从而实现待测设备2的三维定位。
另一实施例中，如图14所示，第二目标方向与第一目标方向不垂直。例如：第二目标方向与第一目标方向之间的夹角为30°；或者，第二目标方向与第一目标方向之间的夹角为45°；又或者，第二目标方向与第一目标方向之间的夹角为60°；再或者，第二目标方向与第一目标方向之间的夹角为70°等。本实施例中，第二目标方向可参照附图中的P方向。
本实施例中，
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000021
式(12)中，θ为到达角AOA的第一角度；
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000022
为到达角AOA的第二角度；PDOA 14为第四天线辐射体18与目标天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的第三相位差，处理器13可直接获取；
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000023
a 14为第四天线辐射体18的相位中心与目标天线辐射体的相位中心之间在X轴方向上的间距，可测量得到，并存储于终端设备1内。b 14为第四天线辐射体18的相位中心与目标天线辐射体的相位中心之间在Y轴方向上的间距，可测量得到，并存储于终端设备1内。由于PDOA 14处理器13可直接获取，a 14、b 14可测量得到，第一电磁波信号的波长已知，θ可基于第一相位差PDOA 12、第二相位差PDOA 13、第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13及第一电磁波信号的波长确定，因此结合式(12)可确定到达角AOA的第二角度
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000024
从而实现待测设备2的三维定位。
本实施例中，由于第二目标方向与第一目标方向不垂直，因此，第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11、第三天线辐射体12及第四天线辐射体18可以摆脱L型排布的限制，实现任意不规则天线辐射体在各种终端设备1中的排布，便于提高终端设备1的应用。
其中，如图15所示，第四天线辐射体18与第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11及第三天线辐射体12中的一者可以共用同一第一信号接收单元140。一实施例中，终端设备1包括一个信号发射单元15、两个第一信号接收单元140、第一切换开关160和第二切换开关161。第一切换开关160的一端电连接信号发射单元15和一个第一信号接收单元140，第一切换开关160的另一端电连接第一天线辐射体10和第三天线辐射体12。第一切换开关160用于使第一天线辐射体10、第三天线辐射体12中的一者与第一信号接收单元140导通，和/或，用于使第一天线辐射体10、第三天线辐射体12中的另一者与信号发射单元15导通。第二切换开关16的一端电连接另一个第一信号接收单元140，第二切换开关161的另一端电连接第二天线辐射体11和第四天线辐射体18。第二切换开关161用于使第二天线辐射体11、第四天线辐射体18中的至少一者与第一信号接收单元140导通。第一切换开关160可以包括单刀单掷开关、单刀双掷开关、单刀多掷开关、双刀双掷开关等中的一种或多种。第二切换开关161可以包括单刀单掷开关、单刀双掷开关、单刀多掷开关、双刀双掷开关等中的一种或多种。当然，在其他实施例中，还可以设置独立的第二信号接收单元电连接第四天线辐射体18，以激励第四天线辐射体18接收第一电磁波信号。本实施例中，第四天线辐射体18和第二天线辐射体11共用同一第一信号接收单元140，可充分利用空间资源，通过多个 天线辐射体实现多发多收，在不增加频谱资源和天线辐射体发射功率的情况下，可以成倍的提高系统信道容量。
进一步地，如图16所示，终端设备1还包括第五天线辐射体19。第五天线辐射体19可以为形状规则(例如：三角形、矩形、方形、圆形、其他多边形、球形等)的天线辐射体，也可以为异形(例如：F形、E形等)的天线辐射体。第五天线辐射体19的材质可以为金属、合金、碳纤维、复合高分子等导电材质。以终端设备1为手机为例，第五天线辐射体19可以位于终端设备1的显示屏内、显示屏与后盖之间、后盖上等。本申请对于第五天线辐射体19在终端设备1内的位置及尺寸不作具体的限定。第五天线辐射体19的相位中心为第五天线辐射体19电磁辐射的等效点源的位置。当第五天线辐射体19为形状规则的天线辐射体时，第五天线辐射体19的相位中心可以理解为第四天线辐射体18的几何中心，允许存在少许的偏差。当第五天线辐射体19为异形天线辐射体时，第五天线辐射体19的相位中心可能位于第五天线辐射体19的几何中心，也可能位于第五天线辐射体19在任一方向(例如：第一目标方向、第二目标方向等)的中心，还可能位于第五天线辐射体19的其他位置。以下实施例中，在未明确说明的情况下以第五天线辐射体19的相位中心即第五天线辐射体19的几何中心为例。第五天线辐射体19的形状、材质、尺寸可以与第一天线辐射体10的形状、材质、尺寸相同也可以不同。第五天线辐射体19的形状、材质、尺寸可以与第二天线辐射体11的形状、材质、尺寸相同也可以不同。第五天线辐射体19的形状、材质、尺寸可以与第三天线辐射体12的形状、材质、尺寸相同也可以不同。第五天线辐射体19的形状、材质、尺寸可以与第四天线辐射体18的形状、材质、尺寸相同也可以不同。第五天线辐射体19与目标天线辐射体沿第二目标方向排列。可以理解的，目标天线辐射体、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19依次沿第二目标方向排列；或者，第四天线辐射体18、目标天线辐射体及第五天线辐射体19依次沿第二目标方向排列。第五天线辐射体19的相位中心与目标天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距为第四间距d 15。本申请实施例中，第四间距d 15即第五天线辐射体19的几何中心与第一天线辐射体10的几何中心之间的间距，可参照附图中d 15。第五天线辐射体19用于接收第一电磁波信号。处理器13还用于获取第五天线辐射体19与目标天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的第四相位差PDOA 15，并用于根据第四相位差PDOA 15、第二相位差PDOA 13、第一相位差PDOA 12、第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13及第四间距d 15确定第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA。
具体的，
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000025
式(13)中，θ为到达角AOA的第一角度；
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000026
为到达角AOA的第二角度；PDOA 15为第五天线辐射体19与目标天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的第四相位差，处理器13可直接获取；
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000027
a 15为第五天线辐射体19的相位中心与目标天线辐射体的相位中心之间在X轴方向上的间距，可测量得到，并存储于终端设备1内。b 15为第五天线辐射体19的相位中心与目标天线辐射体的相位中心之间在Y轴方向上的间距，可测量得到，并存储于终端设备1内。由于PDOA 15处理器13可直接获取，a 15、b 15可测量得到，第一电磁波信号的波长已知，θ可基于第一相位差PDOA 12、第二相位差PDOA 13、第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13及第一电磁波信号的波长确定，因此结合式(13)可确定到达角AOA的第二角度
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000028
从而实现待测设备2的三维定位。当然，在其他实施例中，还可以结合式(12)和式(13)确定到达角AOA的第二角度
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000029
同样的，第五天线辐射体19与第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11、第三天线辐射体12中的一者可以共用同一第一信号接收单元140；或者，第五天线辐射体19与第四天线辐射体18可以共用同一信号接收单元；又或者，可以设置独立的信号接收单元电连接第五天线辐射体19，以激励第五天线辐射体19接收第一电磁波信号。
一实施例中，处理器13还用于获取第四天线辐射体18与目标天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的第三相位差PDOA 14，获取第五天线辐射体19与目标天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的第四相位差PDOA 15，并用于根据第四相位差PDOA 15、第三相位差PDOA 14、第二相位差PDOA 13、第一相位差PDOA 12、第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13、第三间距d 14及第四间距d 15确定第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA。
其中，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15中的至少一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2。可选的，第三间距d 14大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第四间距d 15小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；或者，第三间距d 14小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第四间距d 15大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；又或者，第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2。
与上述第二间距d 13与第一间距d 12中的至少一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2同理，本实施例中，当第三间距d 14大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第四间距d 15小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2时，第三相位差PDOA 14曲线的斜率增加，可提高到达角AOA的精度；当第三间距d 14小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第四间距d 15大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2时，第四相位差PDOA 15曲线的斜率增加，可提高到达角AOA的精度；当第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2时，第三相位差PDOA 14曲线的斜率增加，第四相位差PDOA 15曲线的斜率增加，可提高到达角AOA的精度。
其中，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15不同。可选的，第三间距d 14大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第四间距d 15小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；或者，第三间距d 14小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第四间距d 15大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；又或者，第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第 一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，且第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15不相等。换言之，当第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三间距d 14可以小于或大于第四间距d 15。
一实施例中，请参照图16和图17，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15中的一者小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15中的另一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2。换言之，第三间距d 14大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第四间距d 15小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；或者，第三间距d 14小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第四间距d 15大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2。以下实施例中以第三间距d 14小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第四间距d 15大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2为例。可以理解的，第四间距d 15大于第三间距d 14。换言之，第三间距d 14小于第四间距d 15。
一实施方式中，如图16所示，目标天线辐射体、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19依次排列。本申请实施例中即第一天线辐射体10、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19依次排列。由于第五天线辐射体19的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第四间距d 15大于第四天线辐射体18的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第三间距d 14，因此使第一天线辐射体10、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19依次排列可减少第一天线辐射体10、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19在第二目标方向上所占据的空间，缩减终端设备1沿第二目标方向的尺寸，有利于终端设备1的小型化。当然，在其他实施方式中，如图17所示，第一天线辐射体10可以位于第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19之间。换言之，第四天线辐射体18、第一天线辐射体10及第五天线辐射体19可以依次排列。
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000030
PDOA 15′＝PDOA 15+2πN 6(16)；
式(14)、(15)、(16)中，θ为到达角AOA的第一角度；
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000031
为到达角AOA的第二角度；PDOA 14为第四天线辐射体18与目标天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的第三相位差PDOA 14，处理器13可直接获取；PDOA 15为第五天线辐射体19与目标天线辐射体之间接收第一电磁波信号的第四相位差PDOA 15，处理器13可直接获取；
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000032
d 14为第四天线辐射体18的相位中心与目标天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距，可测量得到，并存储于终端设备1内；d 15为第五天线辐射体19的相位中心与目标天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距，可测量得到，并存储于终端设备1内。由于PDOA 14，PDOA 15可直接获取，d 14、d 15可测量得到，第一电磁波信号的波长已知，故基于上述(14)、(15)、(16)以及上述任一实施例中确定的θ，可以确定唯一的N6和
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000033
其中，N6可选为整数。可以理解的，由于所确定的
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000034
唯一，因此本实施例提供的方案可解决第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA的第二角度
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000035
的相位模糊问题。
换言之，上述实施例提供了一种可以实现高精度检测到达角AOA的终端设备1中天线辐射体的排布方案，采用多基线检测到达角的方法，即在第二目标方向(俯仰方向)上设置不同间隔排布的三个天线辐射体，其中，第一天线辐射体10与第四天线辐射体18之间的第三间距d 14较短，小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，可以保证终端设备1在大的视场角(Field of view，FOV)范围内无相位模糊，第一天线辐射体10与第五天线辐射体19之间的第四间距d 15较长，大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，可以保证终端设备1检测到达角AOA的精度较高，提升用户体验；或者，第一天线辐射体10与第四天线辐射体18之间的第三间距d 14较长，大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，可以保证终端设备1检测到达角AOA的精度较高，提升用户体验，第一天线辐射体10与第五天线辐射体19之间的第四间距d 15较短，小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，可以保证终端设备1在大的视场角FOV范围内无相位模糊。
需要说明的是，本实施例第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15中的一者小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15中的另一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2可以与上述第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13中的一者小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13中的另一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12等于m*x，第二间距d 13等于n*x，其中，m与n互为质数；第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13之间的差值的绝对值小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2的三种实施例中的任意一种结合。
另一实施例中，请参照图18至图21，第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2。由于第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三相位差PDOA 14曲线的斜率增加，第四相位差PDOA 15曲线的斜率增加，因此可以提高到达角AOA的精度。此外，本实施例中由于第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，使得第四天线辐射体18与第一天线辐射体10之间的隔离度增加，第五天线辐射体19与第一天线辐射体10之间的隔离度增加，可降低第一天线辐射体10、第四天线辐射体18、第五天线辐射体19接收第一电磁波信号的干扰，进一步地提高到达角AOA的精度。
一实施方式中，请参照图18和图19，第三间距d 14等于a﹡y，第四间距d 15等于b﹡y，其中，a与b互为质数。举例而言，a＝3；b＝7；y＝7mm，即第三间距d 14等于21mm；第四间距d 15等于49mm，第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；或者，a＝5；b＝7；y＝6mm，即第三间距d 14等于30mm；第四间距d 15等于42mm，第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；又或者，a＝4；b＝5；y＝7mm，即第三间距d 14等于28mm；第四间距d 15等于35mm，第三间距d 14、第四间距 d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；再或者，a＝5；b＝7；y＝8mm，即第三间距d 14等于40mm；第四间距d 15等于56mm，第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2等等。
可选的，如图18所示，a小于b。换言之，第三间距d 14小于第四间距d 15。目标天线辐射体、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19依次排列。本实施方式中即第一天线辐射体10、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19依次排列。本实施方式中，由于第四天线辐射体18的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第三间距d 14小于第五天线辐射体19的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第四间距d 15，因此使第一天线辐射体10、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19依次排列可减少第一天线辐射体10、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19在第二目标方向上所占据的空间，缩减终端设备1沿第二目标方向的尺寸，有利于终端设备1的小型化。当然，在其他实施例中，如图19所示，第一天线辐射体10可以位于第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19之间。
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000036
由上述(17)、(18)以及
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000037
d 14＝a*y、d 15＝b*y可以得到：
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000038
式(19)、(20)中，θ为到达角AOA的第一角度；
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000039
为到达角AOA的第二角度；PDOA 14为第四天线辐射体18与第一天线辐射体10之间接收第一电磁波信号的第三相位差PDOA 14，处理器13可直接获取；PDOA 15为第五天线辐射体19与第一天线辐射体10之间接收第一电磁波信号的第四相位差PDOA 15，处理器13可直接获取；a*y为第四天线辐射体18的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第三间距d 14，可测量得到；b*y为第五天线辐射体19的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第四间距d 15，可测量得到。由于第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15可测量得到，故可基于第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15确定a、b、y，并存储于终端设备1内，PDOA 14，PDOA 15处理器13可检测得到，第一电磁波信号的波长已知，故可基于上述(19)、(20)以及a与b互为质数的关系确定N7和N8之间的关系，θ可基于第一相位差PDOA 12、第二相位差PDOA 13、第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13及第一电磁波信号的波长确定，因此基于N7和N8之间的关系以及θ、上述(19)、(20)可确定唯一的
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000040
其中，N7和N8可选为整数。可以理解的，由于
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000041
唯一，因此当第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，若第三间距d 14等于a*y，第四间距d 15等于b*y，a与b互为质数，则同样可解决第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA的第二角度
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000042
的相位模糊问题。
换言之，上述实施方式提供了另一种实现高精度检测到达角AOA的终端设备1中天线辐射体的排布方案，采用参差基线测角方法，即在第二目标方向(俯仰方向)上设置特定间隔排布的三个天线辐射体，其中，第一天线辐射体10与第四天线辐射体18之间的第三间距d 14＝a*y，大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一天线辐射体10与第五天线辐射体19之间的第四间距d 15＝b*y，也大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，且a与b互为质数，通过上述三个天线辐射体的排布方式，摆脱了检测到达角时天线辐射体之间的间距需要小于或等于电磁波信号的半波长的限制，增加了第一天线辐射体10、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19排布的灵活度，且增加了第一天线辐射体10、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19之间的隔离度，同时由于第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，可以提升终端设备1检测到达角AOA的精度，提升用户体验。
需要说明的是，本实施例第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三间距d 14等于a﹡y，第四间距d 15等于b﹡y，其中，a与b互为质数可以与上述第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13中的一者小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13中的另一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12等于m*x，第二间距d 13等于n*x，其中，m与n互为质数；第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13之间的差值的绝对值小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2的三种实施例中的任意一种结合。
另一实施方式中，请参照图20和图21，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15之间的差值的绝对值小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2。
可选的，第三间距d 14小于第四间距d 15。例如：第三间距d 14为25mm，第四间距d 15为30mm，其中，第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15之间的差值的绝对值为5mm，小于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；或者，第三间距d 14为25mm，第四间距d 15为35mm，其中，第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15之间的差值的绝对值为10mm，小于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；又或者，第三间距d 14为20mm，第四间距d 15为35mm，其中，第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15之间的差值的绝对值为15mm，小于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；再或者，第三间距d 14为20mm，第四间距d 15为38mm，其中，第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15之间的差值的绝对值为18mm，等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2等等。
当然，在其他实施方式中，第三间距d 14可以大于第四间距d 15。例如：第三间距d 14为32mm，第四间距d 15为27mm，其中，第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15之间的差值的绝对值为5mm，小于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；或者，第三间距d 14为34mm，第四间距d 15为24mm，其中，第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15之间的差值的绝对值为10mm，小于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；又或者，第三间距d 14为33mm，第四间距d 15为23mm，其中，第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15之间的差值的绝对值为15mm，小于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；再或者，第三间距d 14为38mm，第四间距d 15为20mm，其中，第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15之间的差值的绝对值为18mm，等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2等等。
可选的，如图20所示，目标天线辐射体位于第四天线辐射体18与第五天线辐射体19之间。本申请实施方式中即第一天线辐射体10位于第四天线辐射体18与第五天线辐射体19之间。由于第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，因此使第一天线辐射体10位于第四天线辐射体18与第五天线辐射体19之间可增加第一天线辐射体10、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19的隔离度，降低第一天线辐射体10、第四线辐射体、第五天线辐射体19接收第一电磁波信号的干扰，提高到达角AOA的精度。当然，在其他实施方式中，如图21所示，第一天线辐射体10、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19可以依次排列。
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000043
基于(21)、(22)以及
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000044
可以得到：
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000045
式(23)中，θ为到达角AOA的第一角度；
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000046
为到达角AOA的第二角度；PDOA 14为第四天线辐射体18与第一天线辐射体10之间接收第一电磁波信号的第三相位差PDOA 14，处理器13可直接获取；PDOA 15为第五天线辐射体19与第一天线辐射体10之间接收第一电磁波信号的第四相位差，处理器13可直接获取；d 14为第四天线辐射体18的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第三间距d 14，可测量得到，并存储于终端设备1内；d 15为第五天线辐射体19的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的第四间距d 15，可测量得到，并存储于终端设备1内。由于
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000047
故式(23)中PDOA 15-PDOA 14+2π(N 10-N 9)∈[-180°，180°]。此外，由于PDOA 15，PDOA 14可直接获取，d 14、d 15可测量得到，第一电磁波信号的波长已知，θ可基于第一相位差PDOA 12、第二相位差PDOA 13、第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13及第一电磁波信号的波长确定，结合上述(23)可确定唯一的
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000048
可以理解的，由于
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000049
唯一，因此当第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，若第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15之间的差值的绝对值小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，同样可解决第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA的第二角度
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000050
相位模糊问题。
换言之，上述实施方式提供了又一种实现高精度检测到达角AOA的终端设备1中天线辐射体的排布方案，采用虚拟基线测角方法，即在第二目标方向(俯仰方向)上设置特定间隔排布的三个天线辐射体，其中，第一天线辐射体10与第四天线辐射体18之间的第三间距d 14大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一天线辐射体10与第五天线辐射体19之间的第四间距d 15也第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，而第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15之间的差值的绝对值|d 13-d 12|小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，通过上述三个天线辐射体的排布方式，摆脱了检测到达角时天线辐射体之间的间距需要小于或等于电磁波信号的半波长的限制，增加了第一天线辐射体10、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19排布的灵活度，且增加了第一天线辐射体10、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19之间的隔离度，同时由于第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，可以提升终端设备1检测到达角AOA的精度，提升用户体验。
需要说明的是，本实施例第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15之间的差值的绝对值小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2可以与上述第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13中的一者小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13中的另一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2；第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12等于m*x，第二间距d 13等于n*x，其中，m与n互为质数；第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13皆大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第一间距d 12与第二间距d 13之间的差值的绝对值小于或等于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2的三种实施例中的任意一种结合。
进一步地，终端设备1还包括至少一个第二信号接收单元。本申请对于第二信号接收单元的数量不作具体的限定。举例而言，第二信号接收单元的数量可以为一个、两个等。第二信号接收单元与第四天线辐射体18之间的通路、第二信号接收单元与第五天线辐射体19之间的通路皆可以包括低噪声放大器、滤波器等。第四天线辐射体18、第五天线辐射体19用于将接收到的第一电磁波信号传输至第二信号接收单元。举例而言，终端设备1还包括两个第二信号接收单元。一个第二信号接收单元电连接第四天线辐射体18，用于激励第四天线辐射体18接收第一电磁波信号，另一个第二信号接收单元电连接第五天线辐射体19， 用于激励第五天线辐射体19接收第一电磁波信号；或者，终端设备1还包括一个第二信号接收单元，第二信号接收单元电连接第四天线辐射体18和第五天线辐射体19，第四天线辐射体18、第五天线辐射体19用于将接收到的第一电磁波信号传输至第二信号接收单元。其中，至少一个第二信号接收单元电连接第四天线辐射体18、第五天线辐射体19的方式可以包括直接电连接、间接电连接、耦合馈电等。第二信号接收单元电连接处理器13，可以将第四天线辐射体18、第五天线辐射体19接收第一电磁波信号的信息传递至处理器13。换言之，处理器13可以从第二信号接收单元和第一接收单元处获取第四天线辐射体18与第一天线辐射体10之间接收第一电磁波信号的第三相位差，以及第五天线辐射体19与第一天线辐射体10之间接收第一电磁波信号的第四相位差。
进一步地，终端设备1还包括第二匹配网络，第二匹配网络的一端电连接至少一个所述第二信号接收单元，第二匹配网络的另一端分别电连接目标天线辐射体、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19。其中，第二匹配网络与第二信号接收单元之间的电连接方式包括直接电连接、间接电连接、耦合馈电等。第二匹配网络与第一天线辐射体10，第二匹配网络与第四天线辐射体18，第二匹配网络与第五天线辐射体19之间的电连接方式包括直接电连接、间接电连接、耦合馈电等。处理器13还用于控制第二匹配网络，以控制目标天线辐射体、第四天线辐射体18接收第一电磁波信号的频率，调节第三相位差PDOA 14；和/或，控制第二匹配网络，以控制目标天线辐射体、第五天线辐射体19接收第一电磁波信号的频率，调节第四相位差PDOA 15。
一实施例中，第二匹配网络包括第四匹配电路和第五匹配电路。第四匹配电路电连接于第二信号接收单元与第四天线辐射体18之间，第五匹配电路电连接于第二信号接收单元与第五天线辐射体19之间。处理器13用于控制第一匹配电路和/或第四匹配电路，以控制第四天线辐射体18、第五天线辐射体19接收第一电磁波信号的频率，调节第三相位差PDOA 14。处理器13用于控制第一匹配电路和/或第五匹配电路，以控制第一天线辐射体10、第五天线辐射体19接收第一电磁波信号的频率，调节第四相位差PDOA 15。由于
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000051
因此基于上述(14)(15)，或者(17)、(18)，或者(21)、(22)可以看出当d 14、d 15一定时，λ与信号相位差PDOA曲线的斜率成反比，因此λ越小测角精度越大，λ越大无模糊测角范围越大，故本实施例通过设置第四匹配电路、第五匹配电路可以切换不同的频率以调节λ，提高第二角度的精度和解决第二角度
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000052
相位模糊的问题。
本申请提供的终端设备1通过设置第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11、第三天线辐射体12、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19及处理器13，使第一天线辐射体10、第二天线辐射体11、第三天线辐射体12、第四天线辐射体18及第五天线辐射体19皆用于接收第一电磁波信号，由于第二天线辐射体11与第一天线辐射体10沿第一目标方向排列，第三天线辐射体12与第一天线辐射体10沿第一目标方向排列，且第二天线辐射体11的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的间距为第一间距d 12，第三天线辐射体12的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的间距为第二间距d 13，第二间距d 13与第一间距d 12中的至少一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，因此可使第一天线辐射体10与第二天线辐射体11，第一天线辐射体10与第三天线辐射体12中的至少一者摆脱相位中心之间的间距小于或等于电磁波信号的半波长λ/2的限制；第四天线辐射体18与第一天线辐射体10沿第二目标方向排列，第五天线辐射体19与第一天线辐射体10沿第二目标方向排列，且第四天线辐射体18的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的间距为第三间距d 14，第五天线辐射体19的相位中心与第一天线辐射体10的相位中心之间的间距为第四间距d 15，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15中的至少一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，因此可使第一天线辐射体10与第四天线辐射体18，第一天线辐射体10与第五天线辐射体19中的至少一者摆脱相位中心之间的间距小于或等于电磁波信号的半波长λ/2的限制，提高天线辐射体的排布自由度，便于终端设备1的布局。处理器13根据第一天线辐射体10与第二天线辐射体11之间接收第一电磁波信号的第一相位差PDOA 12、第三天线辐射体12与第一天线辐射体10之间接收第一电磁波信号的第二相位差PDOA 13、第一间距d 12、第二间距d 13确定第一电磁波信号的到达角AOA的第一角度θ；根据第一天线辐射体10与第四天线辐射体18之间接收第一电磁波信号的第三相位差PDOA 14，和/或，第五天线辐射体19与第一天线辐射体10之间接收第一电磁波信号的第四相位差PDOA 15、第三间距d 14、第四间距d 15以及第一角度θ确定第一电磁波信号的到达角AOAAOA的第二角度
Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-000053
可实现待测设备2的三维定位。而第二间距d 13与第一间距d 12中的至少一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，第三间距d 14与第四间距d 15中的至少一者大于第一电磁波信号的半波长λ/2，可提高所确定的到达角AOA的精度。
上述在说明书、权利要求书以及附图中提及的特征，只要在本申请的范围内是有意义的，均可以任意相互组合。针对终端设备1所说明的优点和特征以相应的方式适用于通信系统100。尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型，这些改进和润饰也视为本申请的保护范围。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种终端设备，包括：
    第一天线辐射体，用于接收待测设备发射的第一电磁波信号；
    第二天线辐射体，与所述第一天线辐射体沿第一目标方向排列，并用于接收所述第一电磁波信号，所述第二天线辐射体的相位中心与所述第一天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距为第一间距；
    第三天线辐射体，与所述第一天线辐射体沿所述第一目标方向排列，并用于接收所述第一电磁波信号，所述第三天线辐射体的相位中心与所述第一天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距为第二间距，其中，所述第二间距与所述第一间距中的至少一者大于所述第一电磁波信号的半波长；
    处理器，用于获取所述第一天线辐射体与所述第二天线辐射体之间接收所述第一电磁波信号的第一相位差，以及获取所述第三天线辐射体与所述第一天线辐射体之间接收所述第一电磁波信号的第二相位差，并用于根据所述第一相位差、所述第二相位差、所述第一间距、所述第二间距及所述第一电磁波信号的波长确定所述第一电磁波信号的到达角。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的终端设备，所述第一天线辐射体、所述第二天线辐射体及所述第三天线辐射体依次排列。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的终端设备，所述第一间距与所述第二间距不同。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的终端设备，所述第一间距小于或等于所述第一电磁波信号的半波长，所述第二间距大于所述第一电磁波信号的半波长。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的终端设备，
    Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-100003
    其中，所述第一电磁波信号的到达角包括θ；PDOA 12为所述第一相位差；PDOA 13为所述第二相位差；d 12为所述第一间距；d 13为所述第二间距；λ为所述第一电磁波信号的波长；N 1为整数。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的终端设备，所述第一间距、所述第二间距皆大于所述第一电磁波信号的半波长。
  7. 根据权利要求2或6所述的终端设备，所述第一间距等于m﹡x，所述第二间距等于n﹡x，其中，m与n互为质数，且m小于n。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的终端设备，
    Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-100005
    其中，所述第一电磁波信号的到达角包括θ；PDOA 12为所述第一相位差；PDOA 13为所述第二相位差；λ为所述第一电磁波信号的波长；N 2、N 3皆为整数。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的终端设备，所述第一间距与所述第二间距之间的差值的绝对值小于或等于所述第一电磁波信号的半波长。
  10. 根据权利要求6或9所述的终端设备，所述第一天线辐射体位于所述第二天线辐射体与所述第三天线辐射体之间。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的终端设备，
    Figure PCTCN2022139745-appb-100006
    其中，所述第一电磁波信号的到达角包括θ；PDOA 12为所述第一相位差；PDOA 13为所述第二相位差；d 12为所述第一间距；d 13为所述第二间距；λ为所述第一电磁波信号的波长；N 4、N 5皆为整数。
  12. 根据权利要求1至3任意一项所述的终端设备，所述终端设备还包括至少一个第一信号接收单元和至少一个信号发射单元，所述第一天线辐射体、所述第二天线辐射体及所述第三天线辐射体用于将接收到的所述第一电磁波信号传输至所述第一信号接收单元，所述信号发射单元用于产生射频信号，并传输至所述第一天线辐射体、所述第二天线辐射体及所述第三天线辐射体中的至少一者，以使所述第一天线辐射体、所述第二天线辐射体及所述第三天线辐射体中的至少一者发射第二电磁波信号。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的终端设备，所述终端设备还包括第一匹配网络，所述第一匹配网络的一端电连接至少一个所述第一信号接收单元，所述第一匹配网络的另一端分别电连接所述第一天线辐射体、 所述第二天线辐射体及所述第三天线辐射体，所述处理器还用于控制所述第一匹配网络，以控制所述第一天线辐射体、所述第二天线辐射体接收所述第一电磁波信号的频率，调节所述第一相位差；和/或，控制所述第一匹配网络，以控制所述第一天线辐射体、所述第三天线辐射体接收所述第一电磁波信号的频率，调节所述第二相位差。
  14. 根据权利要求1至3任意一项所述的终端设备，所述终端设备还包括第四天线辐射体，所述第四天线辐射体与目标天线辐射体沿第二目标方向排列，其中，所述第二目标方向与所述第一目标方向相交，所述目标天线辐射体为所述第一天线辐射体、所述第二天线辐射体及所述第三天线辐射体中的一者，所述第四天线辐射体用于接收所述第一电磁波信号，所述第四天线辐射体的相位中心与所述目标天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距为第三间距，所述处理器还用于获取所述第四天线辐射体与所述目标天线辐射体之间接收所述第一电磁波信号的第三相位差，并用于根据所述第三相位差、所述第二相位差、所述第一相位差、所述第一间距、所述第二间距及所述第三间距确定所述第一电磁波信号的到达角。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的终端设备，所述第二目标方向与所述第一目标方向不垂直。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的终端设备，所述终端设备还包括第五天线辐射体，所述第五天线辐射体与所述目标天线辐射体沿所述第二目标方向排列，所述第五天线辐射体用于接收所述第一电磁波信号，所述第五天线辐射体的相位中心与所述目标天线辐射体的相位中心之间的间距为第四间距，所述处理器还用于获取所述第五天线辐射体与所述目标天线辐射体之间接收所述第一电磁波信号的第四相位差，并用于根据所述第四相位差、所述第三相位差、所述第二相位差、所述第一相位差、所述第一间距、所述第二间距、所述第三间距及所述第四间距确定所述第一电磁波信号的到达角。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的终端设备，所述第三间距与所述第四间距中的至少一者大于所述第一电磁波信号的半波长。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的终端设备，所述第三间距与所述第四间距不同。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的终端设备，所述第三间距与所述第四间距中的一者小于或等于所述第一电磁波信号的半波长，所述第三间距与所述第四间距中的另一者大于所述第一电磁波信号的半波长。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的终端设备，所述第四间距大于所述第三间距，所述目标天线辐射体、所述第四天线辐射体及所述第五天线辐射体依次排列。
  21. 根据权利要求18所述的终端设备，所述第三间距、所述第四间距皆大于所述第一电磁波信号的半波长。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的终端设备，所述第三间距等于a﹡y，所述第四间距等于b﹡y，其中，a与b互为质数。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的终端设备，其中，a小于b，所述目标天线辐射体、所述第四天线辐射体及所述第五天线辐射体依次排列。
  24. 根据权利要求21所述的终端设备，所述第三间距与所述第四间距之间的差值的绝对值小于或等于所述第一电磁波信号的半波长。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的终端设备，所述目标天线辐射体位于所述第四天线辐射体与所述第五天线辐射体之间。
  26. 根据权利要求16所述的终端设备，所述终端设备还包括至少一个第二信号接收单元，所述第四天线辐射体、所述第五天线辐射体用于将接收到的所述第一电磁波信号传输至所述第二信号接收单元。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的终端设备，所述终端设备还包括第二匹配网络，所述第二匹配网络的一端电连接所述第二信号接收单元，所述第二匹配网络的另一端分别电连接所述目标天线辐射体、所述第四天线辐射体及所述第五天线辐射体，所述处理器还用于控制所述第二匹配网络，以控制所述目标天线辐射体、所述第四天线辐射体接收所述第一电磁波信号的频率，调节所述第三相位差；和/或，控制所述第二匹配网络，以控制所述目标天线辐射体、所述第五天线辐射体接收所述第一电磁波信号的频率，调节所述第四相位差。
  28. 一种通信系统，包括待测设备及如权利要求1至27任意一项所述的终端设备，所述待测设备用于向所述终端设备发射所述第一电磁波信号。
PCT/CN2022/139745 2022-06-27 2022-12-16 终端设备及通信系统 Ceased WO2024001076A1 (zh)

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