WO2023284754A1 - 一种信号传输方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种信号传输方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023284754A1
WO2023284754A1 PCT/CN2022/105289 CN2022105289W WO2023284754A1 WO 2023284754 A1 WO2023284754 A1 WO 2023284754A1 CN 2022105289 W CN2022105289 W CN 2022105289W WO 2023284754 A1 WO2023284754 A1 WO 2023284754A1
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bits
error correction
subset
data
decoding
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PCT/CN2022/105289
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English (en)
French (fr)
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方健
袁瑞敏
白宝明
王加庆
索士强
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大唐移动通信设备有限公司
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0071Use of interleaving
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received

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  • the present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to a signal transmission method and device.
  • 6G wireless communication is oriented to the needs after 2030, with wide coverage, full spectrum, strong security, and full application as the vision.
  • channel coding and modulation technologies are key technologies in the physical layer.
  • 6G will have higher spectral efficiency and power efficiency, as well as higher reliability and lower delay technical index requirements, but the performance of existing coding and modulation schemes cannot meet the requirements, especially in large constellations and high spectral efficiency.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a signal transmission method and device for realizing efficient, highly reliable, low-complexity, and high-throughput data transmission.
  • a signal sending method provided in an embodiment of the present application, the method includes:
  • using the second data bits and the interleaved codeword bits to select a constellation point from a signal constellation as a transmission symbol specifically includes:
  • each of the binary labels includes two binary labels, a high bit and a low bit.
  • the transmission symbol includes high-order bits and low-order bits, the high-order bits are selected from the interleaved codeword bits, and the low-order bits are selected from the second data bits.
  • mapping relationship is established in the following manner:
  • the mapping relationship between the constellation point and the binary label is established, wherein, for each constellation point, the subset index and the sub-set index of the constellation point constitute the binary label of the constellation point , the subset index of the constellation point is used as the binary label of the high-order part, and the index in the subset of the constellation point is used as the binary label of the low-order part.
  • determining the first data bits that need to be protected by error correction coding, and the second data bits that do not need to be protected by error correction coding specifically include:
  • R in is the code rate of the error correction code
  • the data frame is divided into two parts, namely the first data bit and the second data bit.
  • the error correction coding is specifically an inner code coding, and for a service type with preset quality of service requirements, before determining the first data bit and the second data bit, the method further includes:
  • a signal receiving method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the reception symbol After the transmission symbol is transmitted through the channel, the reception symbol is obtained at the receiving end, and the reception symbol is demodulated to obtain the soft information of the transmission symbol and the soft information required for error correction decoding;
  • Deinterleaving and error correction decoding are respectively performed on the soft information required for the error correction decoding to obtain the second data bits for the error correction coding and the upper bits of the binary labels of the transmission symbols, and use The high-order bits determine the subset to which the transmitted symbol belongs;
  • the soft information of the transmission symbol is used to make a hard decision, and the lower data bits in the decoding result corresponding to the transmission symbol are determined.
  • the error correction decoding is specifically an inner code decoding, and for a service type with preset quality of service requirements, the method further includes:
  • the decoding results are respectively subjected to deinterleaving and outer code decoding processing to obtain a final decoding result.
  • the processor is used to call the program instructions stored in the memory, and execute according to the obtained program:
  • using the second data bits and the interleaved codeword bits to select a constellation point from a signal constellation as a transmission symbol specifically includes:
  • each of the binary labels includes two binary labels, a high bit and a low bit.
  • the transmission symbol includes high-order bits and low-order bits, the high-order bits are selected from the interleaved codeword bits, and the low-order bits are selected from the second data bits.
  • mapping relationship is established in the following manner:
  • the mapping relationship between the constellation point and the binary label is established, wherein, for each constellation point, the subset index and the sub-set index of the constellation point constitute the binary label of the constellation point , the subset index of the constellation point is used as the binary label of the high-order part, and the index in the subset of the constellation point is used as the binary label of the low-order part.
  • determining the first data bits that need to be protected by error correction coding, and the second data bits that do not need to be protected by error correction coding specifically include:
  • R in is the code rate of the error correction code
  • the data frame is divided into two parts, namely the first data bit and the second data bit.
  • the error correction coding is specifically an inner code coding, and for a business type with a preset quality of service requirement, before determining the first data bit and the second data bit, the processor is further configured to call the The program instructions stored in the memory are executed according to the obtained program:
  • the processor is further configured to call program instructions stored in the memory, and execute according to the obtained program:
  • the reception symbol After the transmission symbol is transmitted through the channel, the reception symbol is obtained at the receiving end, and the reception symbol is demodulated to obtain the soft information of the transmission symbol and the soft information required for error correction decoding;
  • Deinterleaving and error correction decoding are respectively performed on the soft information required for the error correction decoding to obtain the second data bits for the error correction coding and the upper bits of the binary labels of the transmission symbols, and use The high-order bits determine the subset to which the transmitted symbol belongs;
  • the soft information of the transmission symbol is used to make a hard decision, and the lower data bits in the decoding result corresponding to the transmission symbol are determined.
  • the error correction decoding is specifically inner code decoding, and for a business type with a preset quality of service requirement, the processor is further configured to invoke program instructions stored in the memory, and execute according to the obtained program:
  • the decoding results are respectively subjected to deinterleaving and outer code decoding processing to obtain a final decoding result.
  • a signal receiving device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the processor is used to call the program instructions stored in the memory, and execute according to the obtained program:
  • the reception symbol After the transmission symbol is transmitted through the channel, the reception symbol is obtained at the receiving end, and the reception symbol is demodulated to obtain the soft information of the transmission symbol and the soft information required for error correction decoding;
  • Deinterleaving and error correction decoding are respectively performed on the soft information required for the error correction decoding to obtain the second data bits for the error correction coding and the upper bits of the binary labels of the transmission symbols, and use The high-order bits determine the subset to which the transmitted symbol belongs;
  • the soft information of the transmission symbol is used to make a hard decision, and the lower data bits in the decoding result corresponding to the transmission symbol are determined.
  • the error correction decoding is specifically inner code decoding, and for a business type with a preset quality of service requirement, the processor is further configured to invoke program instructions stored in the memory, and execute according to the obtained program:
  • the decoding results are respectively subjected to deinterleaving and outer code decoding processing to obtain a final decoding result.
  • the first unit is configured to determine the first data bits that need to be protected by error correction coding and the second data bits that do not need to be protected by error correction coding for the data frame currently to be transmitted;
  • the second unit is configured to perform error correction coding on the first data bits, and perform interleaving processing on codewords obtained after error correction coding, to obtain codeword bits after interleaving processing;
  • the third unit is configured to use the second data bits and the interleaved codeword bits to select constellation points from signal constellations as transmission symbols.
  • the fourth unit is used to obtain the received symbol at the receiving end after the transmission symbol is transmitted through the channel, and demodulate the received symbol to obtain the soft information of the transmission symbol and the soft information required for error correction decoding;
  • the fifth unit is configured to perform deinterleaving and error correction decoding on the soft information required for the error correction decoding, respectively, to obtain the second data bits for the error correction coding, and to obtain the binary labels of the transmission symbols high-order bits, and use the high-order bits to determine the subset to which the transmission symbol belongs;
  • the sixth unit is configured to use the soft information of the transmission symbol to make a hard decision according to the subset to which the transmission symbol belongs, and determine the lower data bits in the decoding result corresponding to the transmission symbol.
  • Another embodiment of the present application provides a computing device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store program instructions, and the processor is used to call the program instructions stored in the memory, according to the obtained program Do any of the above methods.
  • Another embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are used to cause the computer to execute any one of the above-mentioned methods.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the subset division process of 8-ASK (8 yuan amplitude shift keying) that the application provides;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of channels equivalent to independent parallel channels in the MLC scheme
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coded modulation system in a BICM scheme
  • Fig. 4a is a schematic diagram of the encoding framework of the sending end provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4b is a schematic diagram of the decoding framework of the receiving end provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship of constellation points in the subset provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5b is a schematic diagram of the 16-point Gray mapping provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the results of the 64-QAM subset division mapping provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic framework diagram of a signal transmission system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic framework diagram of another signal transmission system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a signal sending method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a signal receiving method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal sending device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal receiving device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another signal sending device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another signal receiving device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • TCM Trellis Coded Modulation
  • MLC Multilevel Coding
  • BICM Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation
  • TCM is based on set partitioning and maximizes the minimum Euclidean distance within the subset to improve system reliability.
  • TCM allows for greater coding gain than conventional uncoded multi-layer modulation without compromising bandwidth efficiency.
  • the large constellation is continuously binary partitioned, and during the partitioning process, the subsets and binary address codewords are mapped one by one.
  • a binary address has two parts: coded bits and uncoded bits.
  • the least significant binary symbol is convolutionally encoded, and the most significant binary symbol is not encoded. Its core idea is to optimize the system reliability by increasing the minimum Euclidean distance in the subset.
  • MLC protects data bit by bit on each layer through binary encoding.
  • MLC was proposed for combining one-dimensional signals with binary labels.
  • a corresponding coding scheme needs to be designed to maximize the Euclidean distance, thereby improving reliability.
  • M represents the size of the constellation
  • the size of the constellation is a power of 2
  • the power is m.
  • this mapping relationship is established through subset division.
  • Fig. 1 shows the subset division process of 8-ASK (8-element amplitude shift keying).
  • the signal set is divided into two parts, the subset and Get Tier 1. Then, at layer i, i ⁇ 1, each subset further divided into two subsets and Get the i+1th layer. This division method has been carried out until the mth layer, and each layer contains only one constellation point at this time.
  • the transmitted signal is taken from the constellation.
  • the send signal is transmitted in the channel.
  • I(Y; A) I(Y:X 0 ,...,X m-1 ).
  • the channels are equivalent to independent parallel channels, as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a general block diagram of a coded modulation system.
  • the BICM scheme weakens the constraint relationship among constellation size, constellation point label and code selection. It is known that indexed BICMs with Gray's constellation can work to within a fraction of a decibel of the Shannon limit. Due to its simplicity and flexibility, BICM is generally regarded as a practical coded modulation method. Furthermore, for a fixed frame length, the BICM scheme allows the use of longer codes and thus potentially higher coding gain compared to the MLC method.
  • the interleaving technology in high-order modulation can usually be divided into intra-block interleaving and inter-block interleaving, and can also be divided into bit interleaving and symbol interleaving according to the interleaving granularity.
  • bit interleaving is better than symbol interleaving, but its The complexity is much higher than the latter.
  • the MLC scheme has a potentially high complexity due to its bit-layered coding, while the corresponding hierarchical decoding results in high delay. Therefore, since the MLC was proposed, it has not been well applied, and the design requirements of its coding and modulation schemes are relatively high, and the performance of different design schemes varies greatly.
  • MLC provides asymptotic coding close to the Shannon limit and flexible transmission rate in information theory theory, the reliability of hierarchical decoding drops sharply due to the poor bit error rate performance of its low layers, and the multi-layer coding and hierarchical decoding High complexity and high latency.
  • BICM The performance of BICM depends on the signal mapping method used for the signal. Compared with subset division, the Gray mapping design is more conducive to the initial decoding iteration, and it can also achieve a higher subset division order in a non-iterative system. and maximize the minimum Euclidean distance. Although the transmission rate of BICM is flexible and the complexity is low, compared with MLC, its coding gain is not obvious and needs to be further improved.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes that in order to achieve high spectral efficiency transmission, the 6G system will adopt a larger signal constellation.
  • the system usually works in the region of higher signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the distance between the constellation points in the subset is large enough relative to the working signal-to-noise ratio, so that the index bits of the constellation points in the subset are already highly reliable, and these bits only need a simple Encoding protection (even without encoding protection) can achieve a very low error probability, and there is no need to use complex soft-decision strong forward error correction coding (Forward Error Correction, FEC) code protection.
  • FEC Forward Error Correction
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a signal transmission method and device for realizing efficient, highly reliable, and high-throughput data transmission.
  • the method and the device are conceived based on the same application. Since the principles of the method and the device solve problems are similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and the repetition will not be repeated.
  • Fig. 4a is a coding block diagram of the sending end
  • Fig. 4b is a decoding block diagram of the receiving end.
  • u represents the information sequence (that is, the bits of a frame signal)
  • v represents the code word encoded by the outer code
  • c represents the code word encoded by the inner code
  • x represents the transmission symbol sequence transmitted to the channel
  • y represents the received sequence of symbols.
  • both the inner code coding and the outer code coding in the embodiments of the present application belong to error correction coding, and in the subsequent implementations that only perform inner code coding, they are directly referred to as error correction coding without distinguishing between inner code coding and Outer code encoding.
  • the first data bit that needs to be protected by error correction coding determines the first data bit that needs to be protected by error correction coding, and the second data bit that does not need to be protected by error correction coding; perform error correction coding on the first data bit, and performing interleaving processing on the code word obtained after error correction encoding to obtain code word bits after interleaving processing; using the second data bits and the code word bits after interleaving processing, selecting constellation points from the signal constellation as transmission symbols.
  • the constellation point is selected as the transmission symbol by using the second data bit and the interleaved codeword bit, and in combination with the preset mapping relationship between the constellation point and the binary label.
  • each of the binary labels includes two binary labels, a high bit and a low bit; each transmission symbol includes two parts, a high bit and a low bit, and each transmission symbol is consistent with the binary label of the transmission symbol.
  • the binary label is determined for each constellation point, which is actually equivalent to "naming" the constellation point.
  • the process of naming includes the process of subdividing constellations and gray coding.
  • the binary label has been determined, that is to say, the mapping relationship between the binary label and the constellation point has been established.
  • the first type For the business type with preset quality of service requirements, at the sending end, remove the outer code in Figure 4a and the interleaver connected to the outer code; correspondingly, at the receiving end, remove the outer code decoding in Figure 4b And a deinterleaver connected with the outer code decoding.
  • the error correction encoding is the inner code encoding
  • the error correction decoding is the inner code decoding
  • this system is suitable for high-order modulation and high spectral efficiency scenarios, and the spectral efficiency is at least 4 bits/2-dimensional symbols.
  • the signal constellation is divided into subsets of a certain number of layers.
  • the mapping relationship between constellation points and binary labels is preset, that is, labels in binary representation are designed for constellation points, and each binary label includes two binary labels, a high bit and a low bit.
  • the low-order bits of the label are used to index constellation points within the subset, and the high-order bits of the label are used to index the subset.
  • Gray coding or quasi-Gray coding can be used.
  • Gray coding or quasi-Gray coding is also used.
  • An error-correcting code with strong error-correcting capability is selected, for example, a low-density parity-check (Low-Density Parity-Check, LDPC) code, a Polar code, etc. can be selected for encoding.
  • a low-density parity-check Low-Density Parity-Check, LDPC
  • LDPC Low-Density Parity-Check
  • the interleaver is a random interleaver.
  • the multi-layer encoding process provided by the embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the modulation order, the code rate of the error correction coding and the subset size of the subset can be determined;
  • the base 2 logarithm is taken for the size of the subset, which is the length of the low bit in the binary label of the constellation point, which is denoted as 1.
  • the proportion without error correction coding is wherein, R in is the code rate of the error correction code, and the remaining bits need to be coded for error correction.
  • the multi-level decoding process provided by the embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the demodulator calculates the soft information required for error correction decoding, that is, the soft information related to the high bits of each transmission symbol (the high bits of the transmission symbols are the codeword bits).
  • Soft information of the transmitted symbol is calculated.
  • the soft information described in the embodiments of the present application is log likelihood ratio or likelihood probability.
  • the soft information required for error correction decoding is deinterleaved.
  • the coded (ml) ⁇ Rin data bits in each transmission symbol can be obtained from the error correction decoding result, that is, the high-order data bits in the decoding result corresponding to the transmission symbol (from the first described one data bit). Moreover, the subset to which the transmission symbol belongs is also determined through error correction decoding (the high-order data bit is the index of the subset).
  • the inner code encoding needs to reduce the bit error rate to a certain threshold, such as 10 -3 , so the error correction capability of the inner code encoding does not need to be very strong.
  • the optional inner code may also be a low density generator matrix (Low Density Generator Matrix, LDGM) code.
  • the outer code can be an algebraic code using hard decision decoding, such as BCH (Bose–Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem) code, or a code using soft decision decoding, such as LDPC code.
  • hard decision decoding such as BCH (Bose–Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem) code
  • soft decision decoding such as LDPC code
  • the encoding process provided by the embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the decoding process provided by the embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the multi-level decoding result includes information related to the bits of the outer code word, which can be soft information, such as logarithmic likelihood ratio or likelihood probability; it can also be hard information, such as 0, 1 bit.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio margin of the coded modulation system is set to 1dB, and the corresponding minimum working signal-to-noise ratio (E b /N 0 ) * is calculated according to the following formula (2);
  • the high-order constellation is divided by the subset division method, and the bit error rate of each layer is calculated according to the following formula (3), where E s represents the average energy of the initial constellation, and ⁇ j is the normalized energy of the j-th layer constellation
  • E s represents the average energy of the initial constellation
  • ⁇ j is the normalized energy of the j-th layer constellation
  • the minimum Euclidean distance of , ⁇ is the spectral efficiency of the coded modulation system.
  • Table 2 below shows the bit error rate performance of each layer after the 64-QAM is divided into subsets under the signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the sender encodes the information and maps it to constellation points.
  • a mapping relationship between binary labels and constellation points is established.
  • the constellation point label represents (x 0 , x 1 ,...,x m-1 ), the high bit (on the left) is a coded bit for selecting a subset; the low bit (on the right) is an uncoded bit Bits used to select the constellation points within the subset.
  • the constellation points in the subset adopt Gray mapping. Wherein, regarding the high bits and low bits, some bits on the left (which may be preset values) are defined as high bits, and some bits on the right (which may be preset values) are defined as low bits.
  • the several bits mentioned therein can be defined according to actual needs or can be determined by a preset method, which is not limited in this specific embodiment of the present application. For example, in this embodiment of the present application, it may be determined by the number of layers of subsetting. When subsetting, 64-QAM is divided into 4 layers, then the four bits on the left are high bits, and the two bits on the right are low bits.
  • the Gray mapping or quasi-Gray mapping method is also used to make the labels of the subsets with similar Euclidean distances have a Hamming distance as small as possible, wherein the Hamming distance is the corresponding bit of the two labels different quantities. For example, 0101 and 0111, the third bit from the left is different, so the Hamming distance is 1.
  • the criterion of the gray mapping is that the two constellation points with the closest Euclidean distance have only one bit difference in their binary labels.
  • the meaning of the quasi-Gray mapping is that the above requirements may not necessarily be met, and the Euclidean distance between two constellation points may be the shortest, but their binary labels may differ by 2 or more digits.
  • each subset contains 4 constellation points.
  • the mapping relationship of the constellation points in the subset is shown in Fig. 5a.
  • select the constellation point in the upper left corner of the subset as the representative element and then perform Gray coding on the 16 representative elements, and the Gray code word of the representative element is the index of the corresponding subset.
  • the 16-point Gray mapping is shown in Figure 5b, and the result of the 64-QAM subset division mapping obtained by the above method is shown in Figure 6 .
  • Fig. 6 is a 64-QAM constellation.
  • the subset looks like this: take a point at the same position in each quadrant, and these 4 points are in one subset, for example: the first quadrant sends 111000 data
  • the constellation points of , the constellation points of sending 111001 data in the second quadrant, the constellation points of sending 111011 data in the third quadrant, and the constellation points of sending 111010 data in the fourth quadrant, these 4 constellation points are in a subset.
  • the spatial distribution of constellation points is the same as in Figure 5a.
  • the numbers of the constellation points in the subset are shown in Fig. 5a.
  • the encoding result is used as the lower 2 bits of the constellation point label, such as the constellation point in the upper left corner in Figure 5a, its index in the subset is 01, in the embodiment of the present application, the label of each constellation point (the label is six Bits are marked by the numbers 0 and 1, that is, the data bits that need to be transmitted for this constellation point).
  • the representative elements of these 16 subsets that is, the constellation points in the upper left corner of each subset, are spatially distributed as shown in Fig. 5b. Specifically, these 16 representative elements are the points of the second quadrant in Fig. 6 .
  • Gray coding shown in Figure 5b is used for these 16 representative elements.
  • the encoding result is used as the upper 4 bits of the constellation point label, that is, the number of the subset, that is, the index of the subset.
  • the constellation point in the upper left corner in FIG. 5b has a subset index of 1110.
  • the first four digits represent the number of the subset
  • the last two digits represent the number within the subset
  • the constellation point in the upper left corner in Figure 5a and Figure 5b is the same constellation point, its number is 111001, where 1110 represents the number of the subset to which the constellation point belongs, and 01 represents the number of the constellation point in the subset.
  • error correction encoding only includes inner code encoding
  • error correction decoding only includes inner code decoding
  • an LDPC codeword bit c with a length of 2048 is obtained.
  • Perform random interleaving on the LDPC codeword bit c Take 2 bits from the unencoded data bits as the low bits of the binary expression of the transmission symbol, and take 4 bits from the interleaved LDPC codeword bits as the high bits of the binary expression of the transmission symbol. In this way, a transmission symbol is obtained, and a binary label consistent with the binary expression of the transmission symbol is correspondingly determined, that is, a constellation point for transmitting the binary label is determined.
  • the demodulator at the receiving end calculates the metric value of the LDPC codeword bits, performs deinterleaving on it, and transmits it to the LDPC decoder.
  • the demodulator can also calculate the soft information of each transmitted symbol.
  • the 3 coded data bits in each transmission symbol are obtained according to the LDPC decoding result, and the subset in which the transmission symbol is located is determined. After the subset is determined, combined with the soft information of the transmission symbol given by the demodulator, the two uncoded data bits in the transmission symbol are obtained by using a hard decision method.
  • error correction encoding only includes inner code encoding
  • error correction decoding only includes inner code decoding
  • the demodulator at the receiving end calculates the metric value of the LDPC codeword bits, performs deinterleaving on it, and transmits it to the LDPC decoder.
  • the demodulator can also calculate the soft information of each transmitted symbol.
  • the 3 coded data bits in each transmission symbol are obtained according to the LDPC decoding result, and the subset in which the transmission symbol is located is determined. After the subset is determined, combined with the soft information of the transmission symbol given by the demodulator, the 4 uncoded data bits in the transmission symbol are obtained by hard decision.
  • error correction encoding includes inner code encoding and outer code encoding
  • error correction decoding includes inner code decoding and outer code decoding
  • R in the ratio of not performing inner code coding protection
  • the number of bits that need to be protected by the LDPC code is 1944, and the remaining 1296 bits do not need to be protected by coding.
  • the demodulator at the receiving end calculates the metric value of the LDPC codeword bits, de-interleaves it and sends it to the LDPC decoder.
  • the demodulator can also calculate the soft information of each transmitted symbol.
  • the 3 protected BCH codeword bits in each transmission symbol are obtained according to the LDPC decoding result, and the subset in which the transmission symbol is sent is determined. After the subset is determined, combined with the soft information of the transmission symbols given by the demodulator, two BCH codeword bits in the transmission symbols that are not protected by the LDPC code are obtained by using a hard decision method.
  • These codeword bits (including 3 protected BCH codeword bits and 2 BCH codeword bits not protected by LDPC code) are deinterleaved, and then passed to the BCH decoder for outer code decoding processing.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a hybrid MLC/BICM-based high-throughput coding and modulation scheme and a corresponding decoding scheme, including concatenated coding, decoding, subset division, and signal mapping.
  • the embodiments of the present application use concatenated coding and a hybrid MLC/BICM structure, combined with subset division, to achieve high spectral efficiency and high reliability transmission.
  • Gray or quasi-Gray encoding is performed on the representative elements in the subset, and the encoding result is used as the index of the subset, and the subset
  • the signal mapping in the set also adopts Gray or quasi-Gray mapping.
  • the technical solution proposed in the embodiment of the present application has the advantages of better bit error rate performance and lower complexity, and this advantage is more obvious for large constellations.
  • a signal sending method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • using the second data bits and the interleaved codeword bits to select a constellation point from a signal constellation as a transmission symbol specifically includes:
  • each of the binary labels includes two binary labels, a high bit and a low bit.
  • the transmission symbol includes high-order bits and low-order bits, the high-order bits are selected from the interleaved codeword bits, and the low-order bits are selected from the second data bits.
  • mapping relationship is established in the following manner:
  • the mapping relationship between the constellation point and the binary label is established, wherein, for each constellation point, the subset index and the sub-set index of the constellation point constitute the binary label of the constellation point , the subset index of the constellation point is used as the binary label of the high-order part, and the index in the subset of the constellation point is used as the binary label of the low-order part.
  • determining the first data bits that need to be protected by error correction coding, and the second data bits that do not need to be protected by error correction coding specifically include:
  • R in is the code rate of the error correction code
  • the data frame is divided into two parts, namely the first data bit and the second data bit.
  • the error correction coding is specifically an inner code coding, and for a service type with preset quality of service requirements, before determining the first data bit and the second data bit, the method further includes:
  • a signal receiving method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the reception symbol is obtained at the receiving end, and the reception symbol is demodulated to obtain the soft information of the transmission symbol and the soft information required for error correction decoding;
  • the error correction decoding is specifically an inner code decoding, and for a service type with preset quality of service requirements, the method further includes:
  • the decoding results are respectively subjected to deinterleaving and outer code decoding processing to obtain a final decoding result.
  • a signal sending device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • memory 520 used to store program instructions
  • the processor 500 is configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory, and execute according to the obtained program:
  • using the second data bits and the interleaved codeword bits to select a constellation point from a signal constellation as a transmission symbol specifically includes:
  • each of the binary labels includes two binary labels, a high bit and a low bit.
  • the transmission symbol includes high-order bits and low-order bits, the high-order bits are selected from the interleaved codeword bits, and the low-order bits are selected from the second data bits.
  • mapping relationship is established in the following manner:
  • the mapping relationship between the constellation point and the binary label is established, wherein, for each constellation point, the subset index and the sub-set index of the constellation point constitute the binary label of the constellation point , the subset index of the constellation point is used as the binary label of the high-order part, and the index in the subset of the constellation point is used as the binary label of the low-order part.
  • determining the first data bits that need to be protected by error correction coding, and the second data bits that do not need to be protected by error correction coding specifically include:
  • R in is the code rate of the error correction code
  • the data frame is divided into two parts, namely the first data bit and the second data bit.
  • the error correction coding is specifically an inner code coding, and for a business type with preset quality of service requirements, before determining the first data bit and the second data bit, the processor 500 is further configured to call the The program instructions stored in the above-mentioned memory are executed according to the obtained program:
  • the device provided by the embodiment of the present application can be used as a transmitting device (with the encoding function described in the embodiment of the present application) or as a receiving device (with the decoding function described in the embodiment of the present application) ).
  • the processor 500 is also configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory, and execute according to the obtained program:
  • the reception symbol After the transmission symbol is transmitted through the channel, the reception symbol is obtained at the receiving end, and the reception symbol is demodulated to obtain the soft information of the transmission symbol and the soft information required for error correction decoding;
  • Deinterleaving and error correction decoding are respectively performed on the soft information required for the error correction decoding to obtain the second data bits for the error correction coding and the upper bits of the binary labels of the transmission symbols, and use The high-order bits determine the subset to which the transmitted symbol belongs;
  • the soft information of the transmission symbol is used to make a hard decision, and the lower data bits in the decoding result corresponding to the transmission symbol are determined.
  • the error correction decoding is specifically inner code decoding, and for a service type with a preset quality of service requirement, the processor 500 is further configured to invoke program instructions stored in the memory, and execute according to the obtained program :
  • the decoding results are respectively subjected to deinterleaving and outer code decoding processing to obtain a final decoding result.
  • the transceiver 510 is used for receiving and sending data under the control of the processor 500 .
  • the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically one or more processors represented by the processor 500 and various circuits of the memory represented by the memory 520 are linked together.
  • the bus architecture can also link together various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, etc., which are well known in the art and therefore will not be further described herein.
  • the bus interface provides the interface.
  • Transceiver 510 may be a plurality of elements, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a means for communicating with various other devices over transmission media.
  • the processor 500 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 520 can store data used by the processor 500 when performing operations.
  • the processor 500 may be a central processing device (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), a field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or a complex programmable logic device (Complex Programmable Logic Device) , CPLD).
  • CPU central processing device
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • FPGA complex programmable logic device
  • CPLD Complex Programmable Logic Device
  • a signal receiving device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the processor 504 is configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory, and execute according to the obtained program:
  • the reception symbol After the transmission symbol is transmitted through the channel, the reception symbol is obtained at the receiving end, and the reception symbol is demodulated to obtain the soft information of the transmission symbol and the soft information required for error correction decoding;
  • Deinterleaving and error correction decoding are respectively performed on the soft information required for the error correction decoding to obtain the second data bits for the error correction coding and the upper bits of the binary labels of the transmission symbols, and use The high-order bits determine the subset to which the transmitted symbol belongs;
  • the soft information of the transmission symbol is used to make a hard decision, and the lower data bits in the decoding result corresponding to the transmission symbol are determined.
  • the error correction decoding is specifically inner code decoding, and for the business types with preset quality of service requirements, the processor 504 is further configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory, and execute according to the obtained programs :
  • the decoding results are respectively subjected to deinterleaving and outer code decoding processing to obtain a final decoding result.
  • the transceiver 501 is used for receiving and sending data under the control of the processor 504 .
  • bus architecture (represented by bus 506), bus 506 may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, bus 506 will include one or more processors represented by processor 504 and memory represented by memory 505
  • the various circuits are linked together.
  • the bus 506 may also link together various other circuits, such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, etc., which are well known in the art and thus will not be further described herein.
  • Bus interface 503 provides an interface between bus 506 and transceiver 501 .
  • Transceiver 501 may be a single element, or multiple elements, such as multiple receivers and transmitters, providing a means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium.
  • the data processed by the processor 504 is transmitted on the wireless medium through the antenna 502 , further, the antenna 502 also receives the data and transmits the data to the processor 504 .
  • Processor 504 is responsible for managing bus 506 and general processing, and may also provide various functions including timing, peripheral interfacing, voltage regulation, power management, and other control functions. Instead, the memory 505 may be used to store data used by the processor 504 when performing operations.
  • the processor 504 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), ASIC, FPGA or CPLD.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • ASIC Application Specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA Field-programmable gate array
  • CPLD CPLD
  • another signal sending device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the first unit 11 is configured to determine the first data bits that need to be protected by error correction coding and the second data bits that do not need to be protected by error correction coding for the data frame currently to be transmitted;
  • the second unit 12 is configured to perform error correction encoding on the first data bits, and perform interleaving processing on the codeword obtained after the error correction encoding, to obtain interleaved codeword bits;
  • the third unit 13 is configured to use the second data bits and the interleaved codeword bits to select constellation points from signal constellations as transmission symbols.
  • using the second data bits and the interleaved codeword bits to select a constellation point from a signal constellation as a transmission symbol specifically includes:
  • each of the binary labels includes two binary labels, a high bit and a low bit.
  • the transmission symbol includes high-order bits and low-order bits, the high-order bits are selected from the interleaved codeword bits, and the low-order bits are selected from the second data bits.
  • mapping relationship is established in the following manner:
  • the mapping relationship between the constellation point and the binary label is established, wherein, for each constellation point, the subset index and the sub-set index of the constellation point constitute the binary label of the constellation point , the subset index of the constellation point is used as the binary label of the high-order part, and the index in the subset of the constellation point is used as the binary label of the low-order part.
  • determining the first data bits that need to be protected by error correction coding, and the second data bits that do not need to be protected by error correction coding specifically include:
  • R in is the code rate of the error correction code
  • the data frame is divided into two parts, namely the first data bit and the second data bit.
  • the error correction coding is specifically an inner code coding, and for a service type with preset quality of service requirements, before determining the first data bit and the second data bit, the first unit 11 is further configured to:
  • another signal receiving device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the fourth unit 21 is used to obtain the received symbol at the receiving end after the transmission symbol is transmitted through the channel, and demodulate the received symbol to obtain the soft information of the transmission symbol and the soft information required for error correction decoding;
  • the fifth unit 22 is configured to respectively perform deinterleaving and error correction decoding on the soft information required for the error correction decoding, to obtain the second data bits for the error correction coding, and to obtain the binary code of the transmission symbol The high-order bits of the label, and use the high-order bits to determine the subset to which the transmission symbol belongs;
  • the sixth unit 23 is configured to use the soft information of the transmission symbol to make a hard decision according to the subset to which the transmission symbol belongs, and determine the lower data bits in the decoding result corresponding to the transmission symbol.
  • the error correction decoding is specifically inner code decoding, and for a service type with preset quality of service requirements, the sixth unit 23 is also used to:
  • the decoding results are respectively subjected to deinterleaving and outer code decoding processing to obtain a final decoding result.
  • the device provided by the embodiment of this application can have both the units shown in Figure 13 and the unit shown in Figure 14, that is, it can be used as a sending device (with the encoding function described in the embodiment of this application), or as a A receiver device (with the decoding function described in the embodiment of this application).
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.
  • the integrated unit is realized in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially or part of the contribution to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , including several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disc and other media that can store program codes. .
  • the encoding device and the decoding device provided by the embodiment of the present application may be the same device, that is, the same device can realize both the encoding function provided by the embodiment of the present application and the decoding function provided by the embodiment of the present application . That is to say, the same device can act as both a sender and a receiver.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a computing device, and the computing device may specifically be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), etc.
  • the computing device may include a central processing unit (Center Processing Unit, CPU), memory, input/output devices, etc.
  • the input device may include a keyboard, mouse, touch screen, etc.
  • the output device may include a display device, such as a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD), cathode ray tube (Cathode Ray Tube, CRT), etc.
  • the memory may include read only memory (ROM) and random access memory (RAM), and provides the processor with program instructions and data stored in the memory.
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • the memory may be used to store the program of any one of the methods provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor invokes the program instructions stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to execute any one of the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application according to the obtained program instructions.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium for storing computer program instructions used by the device provided in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, which includes a program for executing any method provided in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer storage medium can be any available medium or data storage device that can be accessed by a computer, including but not limited to magnetic storage (such as floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, magneto-optical disk (MO), etc.), optical storage (such as CD, DVD, BD, HVD, etc.), and semiconductor memory (such as ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid-state drive (SSD)), etc.
  • magnetic storage such as floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, magneto-optical disk (MO), etc.
  • optical storage such as CD, DVD, BD, HVD, etc.
  • semiconductor memory such as ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid-state drive (SSD)
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to a terminal device or a network device.
  • the terminal equipment can also be called User Equipment (User Equipment, referred to as "UE"), mobile station (Mobile Station, referred to as “MS”), mobile terminal (Mobile Terminal), etc.
  • UE User Equipment
  • MS Mobile Station
  • Mobile Terminal mobile terminal
  • the terminal can It has the ability to communicate with one or more core networks via a radio access network (Radio Access Network, RAN), for example, a terminal can be a mobile phone (or called a "cellular" phone), or a computer with a mobile nature, etc.,
  • a terminal may also be a portable, pocket, hand-held, computer-built-in, or vehicle-mounted mobile device.
  • a network device may be a base station (for example, an access point), and refers to a device in an access network that communicates with a wireless terminal through one or more sectors on an air interface.
  • the base station can be used to convert received over-the-air frames to and from IP packets, acting as a router between the wireless terminal and the rest of the access network, which can include an Internet Protocol (IP) network.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the base station may also coordinate attribute management for the air interface.
  • the base station can be a base station (BTS, Base Transceiver Station) in GSM or CDMA, or a base station (NodeB) in WCDMA, or an evolved base station (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB, evolutional NodeB) in LTE. B), or it can also be the gNB in the 5G system, etc.
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • NodeB base station
  • eNB evolved base station
  • e-NodeB evolutional NodeB
  • the processing flow of the above method can be realized by a software program, and the software program can be stored in a storage medium, and when the stored software program is invoked, the steps of the above method are executed.
  • the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions
  • the device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种信号传输方法及装置,用以实现高效、高可靠、低复杂度、高吞吐的数据传输。本申请提供的一种信号发送方法包括:对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特;对所述第一数据比特进行纠错编码,并对纠错编码后得到的码字进行交织处理,得到交织处理后的码字比特;利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号。

Description

一种信号传输方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年07月14日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110796340.X、申请名称为“一种信号传输方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域,尤其涉及一种信号传输方法及装置。
背景技术
6G无线通信面向2030年之后的需求,以广覆盖、全频谱、强安全、全应用作为愿景,面向这些指标需求,信道编码与调制技术均是物理层关键技术。
未来6G具有更高的频谱效率与功率效率,以及更高的可靠性与更低时延的技术指标需求,而现有的编码调制方案的性能无法满足,尤其在大星座、高谱效的需求下,低复杂度、高可靠性的系统还没有具体的解决方案。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种信号传输方法及装置,用以实现高效、高可靠、低复杂度、高吞吐的数据传输。
在发送端,本申请实施例提供的一种信号发送方法,该方法包括:
对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特;
对所述第一数据比特进行纠错编码,并对纠错编码后得到的码字进行交织处理,得到交织处理后的码字比特;
利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星 座点作为传输符号。
通过该方法对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特;对所述第一数据比特进行纠错编码,并对纠错编码后得到的码字进行交织处理,得到交织处理后的码字比特;利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号,从而实现了高效、高可靠、低复杂度、高吞吐的数据传输。
可选地,利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号,具体包括:
利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,并结合预设的星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,选取星座点作为传输符号。
可选地,每一所述二进制标号包括高位和低位两部分二进制标号。
可选地,所述传输符号包括高位比特和低位比特,所述高位比特是从所述交织处理后的码字比特中选取的,所述低位比特是从所述第二数据比特中选取的。
可选地,所述映射关系是采用如下方式建立的:
对星座进行子集划分,对每一子集中的代表元进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为子集索引,其中,所述每一子集中的代表元为该子集中预设位置的星座点;
对每一子集内的每一星座点,进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为该星座点的子集内索引;
利用星座点的子集索引和子集内索引,建立星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,其中,对于每一星座点,该星座点的子集索引和子集内索引构成该星座点的二进制标号,该星座点的子集索引作为高位部分的二进制标号,该星座点的子集内索引作为低位部分的二进制标号。
可选地,对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特,具体包括:
根据目标频谱效率,确定调制阶数、纠错编码的码率和所述子集的子集大小;
对所述调制阶数取以2为底的对数,作为所述二进制标号的总长度m;以及对所述子集大小取以2为底的对数,作为所述低位部分二进制标号的长度l;
通过如下公式确定所述第二数据比特占所述数据帧总比特的比例:
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000001
其中,R in为所述纠错编码的码率;
按照所述比例,将所述数据帧划分为两部分,分别为所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特。
可选地,所述纠错编码具体为内码编码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,在确定所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特之前,该方法还包括:
对当前需要传输的数据帧的信息序列进行外码编码;
将外码编码后的结果进行交织处理。
在接收端,本申请实施例提供的一种信号接收方法,包括:
传输符号经信道传输后,在接收端得到接收符号,对所述接收符号进行解调,得到该传输符号的软信息和纠错译码所需要的软信息;
对所述纠错译码所需要的软信息分别进行解交织、纠错译码,得到进行所述纠错编码的第二数据比特,以及得到所述传输符号的二进制标号的高位比特,并利用所述高位比特确定所述传输符号所属的子集;
根据所述传输符号所属的子集,利用所述传输符号的软信息进行硬判决,确定所述传输符号对应的译码结果中的低位的数据比特。
可选地,所述纠错译码具体为内码译码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,该方法还包括:
将所述译码结果分别进行解交织、外码译码处理,得到最终的译码结果。
本申请实施例提供的一种信号发送装置,包括:
存储器,用于存储程序指令;
处理器,用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特;
对所述第一数据比特进行纠错编码,并对纠错编码后得到的码字进行交织处理,得到交织处理后的码字比特;
利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号。
可选地,利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号,具体包括:
利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,并结合预设的星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,选取星座点作为传输符号。
可选地,每一所述二进制标号包括高位和低位两部分二进制标号。
可选地,所述传输符号包括高位比特和低位比特,所述高位比特是从所述交织处理后的码字比特中选取的,所述低位比特是从所述第二数据比特中选取的。
可选地,所述映射关系是采用如下方式建立的:
对星座进行子集划分,对每一子集中的代表元进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为子集索引,其中,所述每一子集中的代表元为该子集中预设位置的星座点;
对每一子集内的每一星座点,进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为该星座点的子集内索引;
利用星座点的子集索引和子集内索引,建立星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,其中,对于每一星座点,该星座点的子集索引和子集内索引构成该星座点的二进制标号,该星座点的子集索引作为高位部分的二进制标号,该星座点的子集内索引作为低位部分的二进制标号。
可选地,对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特,具体包括:
根据目标频谱效率,确定调制阶数、纠错编码的码率和所述子集的子集大小;
对所述调制阶数取以2为底的对数,作为所述二进制标号的总长度m;以及对所述子集大小取以2为底的对数,作为所述低位部分二进制标号的长度l;
通过如下公式确定所述第二数据比特占所述数据帧总比特的比例:
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000002
其中,R in为所述纠错编码的码率;
按照所述比例,将所述数据帧划分为两部分,分别为所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特。
可选地,所述纠错编码具体为内码编码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,在确定所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特之前,所述处理器还用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
对当前需要传输的数据帧的信息序列进行外码编码;
将外码编码后的结果进行交织处理。
可选地,所述处理器还用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
传输符号经信道传输后,在接收端得到接收符号,对所述接收符号进行解调,得到该传输符号的软信息和纠错译码所需要的软信息;
对所述纠错译码所需要的软信息分别进行解交织、纠错译码,得到进行所述纠错编码的第二数据比特,以及得到所述传输符号的二进制标号的高位比特,并利用所述高位比特确定所述传输符号所属的子集;
根据所述传输符号所属的子集,利用所述传输符号的软信息进行硬判决,确定所述传输符号对应的译码结果中的低位的数据比特。
可选地,所述纠错译码具体为内码译码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,所述处理器还用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
将所述译码结果分别进行解交织、外码译码处理,得到最终的译码结果。
在接收端,本申请实施例提供的一种信号接收装置,包括:
存储器,用于存储程序指令;
处理器,用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
传输符号经信道传输后,在接收端得到接收符号,对所述接收符号进行解调,得到该传输符号的软信息和纠错译码所需要的软信息;
对所述纠错译码所需要的软信息分别进行解交织、纠错译码,得到进行所述纠错编码的第二数据比特,以及得到所述传输符号的二进制标号的高位比特,并利用所述高位比特确定所述传输符号所属的子集;
根据所述传输符号所属的子集,利用所述传输符号的软信息进行硬判决,确定所述传输符号对应的译码结果中的低位的数据比特。
可选地,所述纠错译码具体为内码译码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,所述处理器还用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
将所述译码结果分别进行解交织、外码译码处理,得到最终的译码结果。
本申请实施例提供的另一种信号发送装置,包括:
第一单元,用于对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特;
第二单元,用于对所述第一数据比特进行纠错编码,并对纠错编码后得到的码字进行交织处理,得到交织处理后的码字比特;
第三单元,用于利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号。
本申请实施例提供的另一种信号接收装置,包括:
第四单元,用于传输符号经信道传输后,在接收端得到接收符号,对所述接收符号进行解调,得到该传输符号的软信息和纠错译码所需要的软信息;
第五单元,用于对所述纠错译码所需要的软信息分别进行解交织、纠错译码,得到进行所述纠错编码的第二数据比特,以及得到所述传输符号的二 进制标号的高位比特,并利用所述高位比特确定所述传输符号所属的子集;
第六单元,用于根据所述传输符号所属的子集,利用所述传输符号的软信息进行硬判决,确定所述传输符号对应的译码结果中的低位的数据比特。
本申请另一实施例提供了一种计算设备,其包括存储器和处理器,其中,所述存储器用于存储程序指令,所述处理器用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行上述任一种方法。
本申请另一实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质,所述计算机存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令用于使所述计算机执行上述任一种方法。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简要介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请提供的8-ASK(8元幅移键控)的子集划分过程示意图;
图2为MLC方案中信道等效为独立并行的信道的示意图;
图3为BICM方案中编码调制系统的示意图;
图4a为本申请实施例提供的发送端的编码框架示意图;
图4b为本申请实施例提供的接收端的解码框架示意图;
图5a为本申请实施例提供的子集内星座点的映射关系示意图;
图5b为本申请实施例提供的16点的格雷映射示意图;
图6为本申请实施例提供的64-QAM子集划分映射的结果示意图;
图7为本申请实施例提供的信号传输系统的框架示意图;
图8为本申请实施例提供的另一信号传输系统的框架示意图;
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种信号发送方法的流程示意图;
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种信号接收方法的流程示意图;
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种信号发送装置的结构示意图;
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种信号接收装置的结构示意图;
图13为本申请实施例提供的另一种信号发送装置的结构示意图;
图14为本申请实施例提供的另一种信号接收装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,并不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
自提出网格编码调制(Trellis Coded Modulation,TCM)以来,编码调制的设计理念得到了充分发展,编码调制的思想是联合优化编码和调制,以提高数字传输方案的性能。TCM、多层编码(Multilevel Coding,MLC)、比特交织编码调制(Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation,BICM)都是典型的带宽有效编码调制方案。
TCM是基于集合划分,最大化子集内最小欧氏距离来提升系统可靠性。TCM允许在不损害带宽效率的情况下,实现比传统的未编码多层调制更大的编码增益。大星座被连续二进制分割,且划分过程中使子集和二进制地址码字一一映射。二进制地址分两部分:编码位和未编码位。最低有效二进制码元被卷积编码,最高有效二进制码元无需编码。其核心思想是通过增大子集内的最小欧氏距离来优化系统可靠性。
而MLC是通过二进制编码在每层上逐位保护数据。最初,MLC是针对一维信号与二进制标号相结合而提出的。需要设计相应的编码方案来最大化欧氏距离,从而提升可靠性。
定义M=2 m阶调制的信号星座
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000003
其中,M表示星座的大小,星座的大小是2的幂次,也就是说M是2的幂次,幂为m。星座点用a_i, i=0,...,M-1表示。建立星座点和二进制向量的一一映射关系,即对每个星座点分配一个长度为m的二进制标号x=(x 0,x 1,…,x m-1)。对于MLC,这种映射关系通过子集划分的方式来建立。作为一个例子,图1给出了8-ASK(8元幅移键控)的子集划分过程。
首先,在第0层,信号集
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000004
被分成两部分,即子集
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000006
得到第1层。然后,在第i层,i≥1,每个子集
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000007
进一步划分成两个子集
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000009
得到第i+1层。这种划分方式一直进行到第m层,此时每层只包含一个星座点。
发送信号取自于星座。发送信号在信道中传输。用Y表示信道输出的信号。由于发送信号和其标号是一一对应的关系,因此发送信号和接收信号之间的互信息等于发送信号标号和接收信号之间的互信息,即I(Y;A)=I(Y:X 0,…,X m-1)。运用链式法则,可以得到:
I(Y;A)=I(Y;X 0,X 1,…,X m-1)
=I(Y;X 0)+I(Y;X 1|X 0)+…
+I(Y;X m-1|X 0,X 1,…,X m-2)      (1);
依据公式(1),信道等效为独立并行的信道,具体如图2所示。
BICM是在信道编码器与调制器之间增加了比特交织器,将信道编码器和调制器分开进行独立设计,以提高无线数字通信系统在衰落信道下的可靠性。图3给出了编码调制系统的一般框图。
BICM方案具有削弱星座大小、星座点标号和编码选择之间的约束关系。众所周知,带有格雷星座的索引的BICM可以在香农极限的零点几分贝内工作。由于其简单性和灵活性,BICM通常被认为是一种实用的编码调制方法。此外,与MLC方法相比,对于固定的帧长度,BICM方案允许使用具有更长的编码,从而潜在地具有更高的编码增益。
高阶调制里的交织技术,通常又可以分为块内交织和块间交织,而根据交织颗粒度也可以分为比特交织和符号交织,一般情况下,比特交织要优于 符号交织,但其复杂度要远高于后者。
综上所述:
MLC方案由于其比特分层编码原因,具有潜在的高复杂度,而与之对应的分级译码会导致高延迟。因此,自MLC被提出以来,并不能很好的得到应用,且其编码调制方案的设计要求比较高,不同的设计方案性能差异大。虽然MLC在信息论理论上提供接近香农限的渐近编码和灵活的传输速率,但是由于其低层的误比特率性能差而使得分级译码的可靠性急剧下降,且多层编码和分级译码的复杂度高、延迟大。
BICM的性能是依赖于信号所使用的信号映射方式,相较于子集划分,格雷映射设计更有助于初次译码迭代,其在非迭代系统中也能达到较高的子集划分阶数和最大化的最小欧式距离。虽然BICM传输速率灵活,且复杂度低,但是相较于MLC,其编码增益不明显,还有待进一步提升。
因此,本申请实施例提出:为了实现高谱效传输,6G系统将采用更大的信号星座。对于大信号星座,系统通常工作在较高信噪比区域。在星座子集划分链的某一层,子集内星座点间的距离相对于工作信噪比已足够大,从而子集内星座点的索引比特可靠度已很高,这些比特只需要简单的编码保护(甚至不需要编码保护)就可达到很低的错误概率,不需要使用复杂的软判决强前向纠错编码(Forward Error Correction,FEC)码保护。只需要对索引子集的比特进行强力保护,这样就能够有效利用编码能力,简化编码调制系统设计,从而实现高效、高可靠、高吞吐数据传输。
本申请实施例提供了一种信号传输方法及装置,用以实现高效、高可靠、高吞吐的数据传输。
其中,方法和装置是基于同一申请构思的,由于方法和装置解决问题的原理相似,因此装置和方法的实施可以相互参见,重复之处不再赘述。
下面结合说明书附图对本申请各个实施例进行详细描述。需要说明的是,本申请实施例的展示顺序仅代表实施例的先后顺序,并不代表实施例所提供的技术方案的优劣。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案,将综合利用MLC和BICM的优势,采用“串行级联编码+混合MLC/BICM”的设计思路,对星座点标号比特分等级保护,在性能与复杂度之间实现较好的折中。其原理框图如图4a以及图4b所示(图4a是发送端的编码框图,图4b是接收端的解码框图)。其中,u表示信息序列(即一帧信号的比特),v表示经过外码编码后的码字,c表示经过内码编码的码字,x表示发射到信道的传输符号序列,y表示接收到的符号序列。
需要说明的是,本申请实施例中的内码编码和外码编码都属于纠错编码,后续在只进行内码编码的实施方式中,直接称为纠错编码,而不区分内码编码和外码编码。
本申请实施例中对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特;对第一数据比特进行纠错编码,并对纠错编码后得到的码字进行交织处理,得到交织处理后的码字比特;利用第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号。
其中,可选地,利用第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,并结合预设的星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,选取星座点作为传输符号。
可选地,每一所述二进制标号包括高位和低位两部分二进制标号;每一传输符号包括高位和低位两部分比特,每一传输符号与该传输符号的二进制标号一致。
本申请实施例中为每一星座点确定其二进制标号,其实相当于给星座点“起名字”。起名字的过程包括对星座的子集划分和格雷编码的过程。在系统工作前,二进制标号就已经定下来了,也就是说建立好了二进制标号和星座点的映射关系。当数据传输时,从交织后的码字比特以及第二数据比特中各取几个比特,按高低位拼出一个二进制标号,然后找和这个二进制标号匹配的星座点进行传输,每一传输符号与该传输符号的二进制标号实际上是一致的。
下面关于图4a以及图4b给出具体的解释说明。
对于图4a以及图4b中的结构,有两种可选的处理方式:
第一种:对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,在发送端,去掉图4a中的外码以及与外码相连的交织器;相应地,在接收端,去掉图4b中的外码译码以及与外码译码相连的解交织器。
在第一种处理方式中,由于不存在外码编码和译码,因此所述的纠错编码,即内码编码,所述的纠错译码,即内码译码。
具体地,对于第一业务类型,例如,对应的QoS指标为误包率=1e-4,即要求误包率低于1e-4,那么,就不采用外码编码和译码;
其中,此系统适合高阶调制和高谱效场景,谱效率至少为4比特/2维符号。
根据下面的表1(仅作为一种举例,不对本申请进行限制),在目标频谱效率下,选择合适的内码编码的码率和调制阶数。
表1
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000010
需要说明的是,本申请实施例中所述的星座,其大小都是2的幂次。
根据表1,对信号星座进行一定层数的子集划分。
本申请实施例中预先设置了星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,也就是说,对星座点设计二进制表示的标号,每一二进制标号包括高位和低位两部分二进制标号。标号的低位用于索引子集内的星座点,标号的高位用于索引子集。设计子集的索引时,可以使用格雷编码或者准格雷编码。对于子集内的星座点的索引,也使用格雷编码或者准格雷编码。
选择纠错能力较强的纠错码,例如可以选择低密度奇偶校验(Low-Density Parity-Check,LDPC)码、Polar码等进行编码。
所述交织器采用随机交织器。
示例性的,在发送端,参见图4a,本申请实施例提供的多层编码过程包括:
利用上述表1,根据目标频谱效率,可以确定调制阶数、纠错编码的码率和所述子集的子集大小;
对所述调制阶数取以2为底的对数,即为星座点的二进制标号的总长度(包括高位和低位),记为m。
对所述子集大小取以2为底的对数,即为星座点的二进制标号中的低位的长度,记为l。
对于k长的数据帧,将其分为两部分,即确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特。其中,不进行纠错编码的比例为
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000011
其中,R in为纠错编码的码率,剩下的比特则需要进行纠错编码。
将第一数据比特,进行所述码率下的纠错编码。
对纠错编码结果进行随机交织。
从所述第二数据比特中取出l个比特,作为二进制标号的低位。从第一数据比特中取出(m-l)个比特作为二进制标号的高位。利用这个标号可以得到一个调制符号,即一个星座点的完整二进制标号,也就是该星座点传输的比特 序列。
相应地,在接收端,参见图4b,本申请实施例提供的多级译码过程包括:
对接收符号进行解调,解调器一方面计算纠错译码所需要的软信息,也就是与每个传输符号的高位(传输符号的高位是码字比特)有关的软信息,另一方面计算出该传输符号的软信息。本申请实施例中所述的软信息,即对数似然比或者似然概率。
对纠错译码所需要的软信息进行解交织。
将解交织后的软信息传递给纠错译码器进行译码。
从纠错译码结果中可以得到每个传输符号中被编码的(m-l)·R in个数据比特,即得到了该传输符号对应的译码结果中的高位的数据比特(来自所述的第一数据比特)。并且,通过纠错译码还确定了该传输符号所属的子集(所述高位的数据比特即子集的索引)。
在确定了该传输符号所属的子集后,利用硬判决办法,使用该传输符号的软信息,得到每个传输符号中未被纠错编码保护的 l个数据比特,即传输符号对应的译码结果中的低位的数据比特(来自所述的第二数据比特)。
第二种:对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,具体地,例如对于第二业务类型,例如对应的QoS指标为误包率=1e-7,即要求误包率低于1e-7,则可以采用外码编码和译码。即使用图4a以及图4b所示的完整的结构。
内码编码需要将误比特率降低至一定门限,如10 -3,因此内码编码的纠错能力不需要很强。可选择的内码除了LDPC码、Polar外,还可以是低密度生成矩阵码(Low Density Generator Matrix,LDGM)码。
外码编码可以为使用硬判决译码的代数码,例如BCH(Bose–Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem)码,也可以是使用软判决译码的码,例如LDPC码。
示例性的,在发送端,参见图4a,本申请实施例提供的编码过程包括:
对当前需要传输的数据帧进行外码编码。
将外码编码结果进行随机交织处理。
采用上述第一种处理方式中所述的相关内容(此处不再赘述),进行内码 编码和传输。
示例性的,在接收端,参见图4b,本申请实施例提供的译码过程包括:
进行多级译码,具体参见上述第一种处理方式中所述的相关内容,此处不再赘述。多级译码结果,包括与外码码字比特有关的信息,具体可以是软信息,例如对数似然比或似然概率;也可以是硬信息,例如0、1比特。
将多级译码结果进行解交织。
对解交织结果进行外码纠错,即外码译码,得到最终译码结果。
下面以频谱效率ρ=5比特/符号、64-QAM映射为例,介绍一下本申请实施例提供的对星座进行子集划分的原理:
计算给定频谱效率ρ下的香农限(E b/N 0) Shannon;其中,E b表示传输一个信息比特需所消耗的能量,N 0表示噪声的单边功率谱密度,Shannon是香农的意思。
编码调制系统的信噪比余量设置为1dB,依据下面的公式(2)计算相应的最小工作信噪比(E b/N 0) *
(E b/N 0) *≥(E b/N 0) Shannon+1dB       (2);
采用子集划分方法对高阶星座进行划分,依据下面的公式(3)计算每层的误比特率,其中,E s表示初始星座的平均能量,Δ j是第j层星座能量归一化后的最小欧氏距离,ρ是编码调制系统的频谱效率。用R表示信道编码的码率,则对于M-QAM,频谱效率ρ=R·log 2M。
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000012
由信息理论计算可知,当频谱效率为ρ=5比特/符号时,(E b/N 0) Shannon=7.9dB。根据公式(3)计算出编码调制系统的(E b/N 0) *为8.9dB。
下面的表2给出了在该信噪比下对64-QAM进行子集划分后各层的误比特率性能。在分析当前层的误比特率时,不考虑上一层的判决错误传播。可以看出,在划分到第4层的时候,子集内的误比特率已经足够低了,例如低于10 -5。此时,子集内包含4个星座点。因此,一个64-QAM符号中不需要进 行编码保护的比特数为2。
表2
层数 0 1 2 3 4 5
Δ i 0.095 0.19 0.38 0.76 1.52 3.05
P bi) 0.0873 0.0274 0.0033 6.14×10 -5 2.8×10 -8 7.16×10 -15
关于星座映射的描述,以频谱效率ρ=5比特/符号、64-QAM映射为例介绍如下:
发送端对信息进行编码后要将其映射为星座点。本申请实施例中,确立二进制标号和星座点之间的映射关系。在本申请实施例中,星座点标号表示(x 0,x 1,…,x m-1)中,高位(在左边)为编码比特,用于选择子集;低位(在右边)为未编码比特,用于选择子集内的星座点。子集内的星座点采用格雷映射。其中,关于所述的高位、低位,将左边的若干位(可以是预设值)定义为高位,右边的若干位(可以是预设值)定义为低位。其中所述的若干位,可以根据实际需要给出具体值的限定或者采用预设方法进行确定,具体本申请实施例不进行限制。例如,在本申请实施例中,可以由子集划分的层数来确定。在子集划分时,将64-QAM划分了4层,那么左边的四位为高位,右边的两位为低位。
在建立子集的索引时,也采用格雷映射或准格雷映射方法,使欧氏距离相近的子集的标号具有尽可能小的汉明距离,其中,所述汉明距离就是两个标号对应位不同的数量。比如0101和0111,它们左起第3个比特不同,因此汉明距离为1。其中,所述格雷映射的准则是欧式距离最近的两个星座点,其二进制标号只有1位是不同的。所述准格雷映射的含义是,以上要求不是一定能达到的,会出现两个星座点之间的欧式距离是最近的,但是它们的二进制标号会有2位及以上不同的情况。
对于64-QAM,当划分到第4层时,总共有16个子集,每个子集包含4个星座点。子集内星座点的映射关系如图5a所示。建立子集的索引时,选取 子集左上角的星座点为代表元,然后对16个代表元进行格雷编码,代表元的格雷码字即为相应子集的索引。16点的格雷映射如图5b所示,通过以上方法得到的64-QAM子集划分映射的结果如图6所示。
其中,图6是一个64-QAM星座。事实上,子集划分进行到第4层时,子集是这样子的:在每个象限的相同位置上取一个点,这4个点在一个子集中,例如:第一象限的发送111000数据的星座点、第二象限的发送111001数据的星座点、第三象限的发送111011数据的星座点、第四象限的发送111010数据的星座点,这4个星座点在一个子集中。共有16个这样的子集。在一个子集中,星座点的空间分布和图5a是一样的。子集中星座点的编号(即子集内索引)如图5a所示。编码结果作为星座点标号的低2位,例如图5a中左上角的星座点,其在该子集内的索引是01,本申请实施例中,每个星座点的标号(所述标号即六位由数字0和1构成标号,也即该星座点需要传输的数据比特)。这16个子集的代表元,即每个子集左上角的星座点,其空间分布如图5b所示。具体地说,这16个代表元就是图6中第二象限的点。对这16个代表元使用图5b所示的格雷编码。编码结果作为星座点标号的高4位,也就是子集的编号,也即子集的索引,例如图5b中左上角的星座点,其子集索引是1110。综上,图6中,每个星座点的六位编号中,前四位代表子集的编号,后两位代表子集内的编号,例如,图5a和图5b中的左上角的星座点,为同一星座点,其编号111001,其中1110表示该星座点所属子集的编号,01表示该星座点在该子集内的编号。
下面给出几个具体实施例的举例说明。
实施例1:
本实施例中纠错编码只包含内码编码,相应地,纠错译码只包含内码译码。
对于频谱效率ρ=5比特/符号、64-QAM映射,对于QoS指标为误包率=1e-4的第一业务类型,信号传输系统的框图如图7所示。对于64-QAM,m=6。通过查表1,子集划分需要进行到第4层,子集大小为4,那么l=2。纠错编 码选择LDPC码,其码率R in=3/4。对于长度为k=2560的数据帧u,不进行纠错编码保护的比例为2/5。因此,需要进行LDPC编码保护的比特数为1536,剩余的1024个比特不需要进行纠错编码保护。对这1536个比特进行LDPC编码后,得到长度为2048的LDPC码字比特c。对LDPC码字比特c进行随机交织。从未编码的数据比特中取出2个比特,作为传输符号二进制表达式的低位,从交织后的LDPC码字比特中取出4个比特,作为传输符号二进制表达式的高位。这样,就得到了一个传输符号,并且也相应地确定了与该传输符号二进制表达式一致的二进制标号,即确定了用于传输该二进制标号的星座点。
相应地,接收端的解调器计算出LDPC码字比特的度量值,对其进行解交织后传递给LDPC译码器。同时,解调器还能计算出每个传输符号的软信息。根据LDPC译码结果得到每个传输符号中的3个被编码的数据比特,以及确定传输符号所在的子集。在确定了子集后,结合解调器给出的传输符号的软信息,采用硬判决方式得到传输符号中的2个未编码的数据比特。
实施例2:
本实施例中纠错编码只包含内码编码,相应地,纠错译码只包含内码译码。
对于频谱效率ρ=7比特/符号、256-QAM映射,对于QoS指标为误包率=1e-4的第一业务类型,信号传输系统的框图如图8所示。对于256-QAM,m=8。通过查表1,子集划分需要进行到第4层,子集大小为16,那么l=4。纠错编码选择LDPC码,其码率为R in=3/4。对于长度为k=2562的数据帧u,不进行纠错编码保护的比例为4/7。因此,需要进行LDPC编码保护的比特数为1098,剩余的1464个比特不需要进行编码。对这1098个比特进行码率为3/4的LDPC编码,得到长度为1464的码字比特c。对LDPC码字比特c进行随机交织。从未编码的信息比特中取出4个比特,作为传输符号二进制表达式的低位,从交织后的LDPC码字比特中取出4个比特,作为传输符号二进制表达式的高 位。这样,就得到了一个传输符号,并且也相应地确定了与该传输符号二进制表达式一致的二进制标号,即确定了用于传输该二进制标号的星座点。
相应地,接收端的解调器计算出LDPC码字比特的度量值,对其进行解交织后传递给LDPC译码器。同时,解调器还能计算出每个传输符号的软信息。根据LDPC译码结果得到每个传输符号中的3个被编码的数据比特,以及确定传输符号所在的子集。在确定了子集后,结合解调器给出的传输符号的软信息,采用硬判决方式得到传输符号中的4个未编码的数据比特。
实施例3:
本实施例中纠错编码包含内码编码和外码编码,相应地,纠错译码包含内码译码和外码译码。
添加BCH码作为外码,频谱效率ρ=5比特/符号,调制方式为64-QAM,对于QoS指标为误包率=1e-7的第二业务类型。由于外码的码率会降低频谱效率,因此需要选择一个高码率外码,以保证总体谱效率接近5比特/符号。从DVB-S2标准中选择一个BCH码,其参数为:输入信息u长为3072,码字v的长度为3240,可以纠12个随机错误,内码编码的码率为0.95≈1。对于64-QAM,m=6。通过查表1,子集划分需要进行到第4层,子集大小为4,那么l=2。内码编码选择LDPC码,其码率R in=3/4。对长度为3240的BCH码字进行随机交织。对于交织后的BCH码字,不进行内码编码保护的比例为2/5。因此,需要进行LDPC码保护的比特数为1944,剩余的1296个比特不需要进行编码保护。对这1944个比特进行LDPC编码,得到长度为2592的LDPC码字比特c。对LDPC码字比特c进行随机交织。从未经LDPC码保护的BCH码字比特中取出2个比特,作为传输符号二进制表达式的低位,从交织后的LDPC码字比特中取出4个比特,作为传输符号二进制表达式的高位,并且也相应地确定了与该传输符号二进制表达式一致的二进制标号,即确定了用于传输该二进制标号的星座点。
相应地,接收端的解调器计算出LDPC码字比特的度量值,对其进行解 交织后传递给LDPC译码器。同时,解调器还能计算出每个传输符号的软信息。根据LDPC译码结果得到每个传输符号中的3个被保护的BCH码字比特,以及确定发送该传输符号所在的子集。在确定了子集后,结合解调器给出的传输符号的软信息,采用硬判决方式得到传输符号中的2个未被LDPC码保护的BCH码字比特。将这些码字比特(包括3个被保护的BCH码字比特以及2个未被LDPC码保护的BCH码字比特)进行解交织,然后传递给BCH译码器进行外码译码处理。
综上所述,本申请实施例提供了基于混合MLC/BICM的高吞吐编码调制方案以及相应的解码方案,包括级联编码、解码,子集划分和信号映射等。
具体地,本申请实施例使用级联编码和混合MLC/BICM结构,结合子集划分,实现高谱效、高可靠传输。
本申请实施例中的星座映射,即星座的子集划分(将星座点划分为不同的集合)后,对子集中代表元进行格雷或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为子集的索引,并且子集内的信号映射也采用格雷或者准格雷映射。
相较于5G标准中的BICM系统,本申请实施例提出的技术方案具有误码率性能更好、复杂度更低的优点,而且对于大星座,这种优势更为明显。
参见图9,在发送端,本申请实施例提供的一种信号发送方法包括:
S101、对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特;
S102、对所述第一数据比特进行纠错编码,并对纠错编码后得到的码字进行交织处理,得到交织处理后的码字比特;
S103、利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号。
通过该方法对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特;对所述第一数据比特进行纠错编码,并对纠错编码后得到的码字进行交织处理,得到交织处理后的码字比特;利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从 信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号,从而实现了高效、高可靠、低复杂度、高吞吐的数据传输。
可选地,利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号,具体包括:
利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,并结合预设的星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,选取星座点作为传输符号。
可选地,每一所述二进制标号包括高位和低位两部分二进制标号。
可选地,所述传输符号包括高位比特和低位比特,所述高位比特是从所述交织处理后的码字比特中选取的,所述低位比特是从所述第二数据比特中选取的。
可选地,所述映射关系是采用如下方式建立的:
对星座进行子集划分,对每一子集中的代表元进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为子集索引,其中,所述每一子集中的代表元为该子集中预设位置的星座点;
对每一子集内的每一星座点,进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为该星座点的子集内索引;
利用星座点的子集索引和子集内索引,建立星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,其中,对于每一星座点,该星座点的子集索引和子集内索引构成该星座点的二进制标号,该星座点的子集索引作为高位部分的二进制标号,该星座点的子集内索引作为低位部分的二进制标号。
可选地,对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特,具体包括:
根据目标频谱效率,确定调制阶数、纠错编码的码率和所述子集的子集大小;
对所述调制阶数取以2为底的对数,作为所述二进制标号的总长度m;
对所述子集大小取以2为底的对数,作为所述低位部分二进制标号的长度l;
通过如下公式确定所述第二数据比特占所述数据帧总比特的比例:
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000013
其中,R in为所述纠错编码的码率;
按照所述比例,将所述数据帧划分为两部分,分别为所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特。
可选地,所述纠错编码具体为内码编码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,在确定所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特之前,该方法还包括:
对当前需要传输的数据帧的信息序列进行外码编码;
将外码编码后的结果进行交织处理。
在接收端,参见图10,本申请实施例提供的一种信号接收方法,包括:
S201、传输符号经信道传输后,在接收端得到接收符号,对所述接收符号进行解调,得到该传输符号的软信息和纠错译码所需要的软信息;
S202、对所述纠错译码所需要的软信息分别进行解交织、纠错译码,得到进行所述纠错编码的第二数据比特,以及得到所述传输符号的二进制标号的高位比特,并利用所述高位比特确定所述传输符号所属的子集;
S203、根据所述传输符号所属的子集,利用所述传输符号的软信息进行硬判决,确定所述传输符号对应的译码结果中的低位的数据比特。
可选地,所述纠错译码具体为内码译码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,该方法还包括:
将所述译码结果分别进行解交织、外码译码处理,得到最终的译码结果。
参见图11,在发送端,本申请实施例提供的一种信号发送装置,包括:
存储器520,用于存储程序指令;
处理器500,用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特;
对所述第一数据比特进行纠错编码,并对纠错编码后得到的码字进行交织处理,得到交织处理后的码字比特;
利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号。
可选地,利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号,具体包括:
利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,并结合预设的星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,选取星座点作为传输符号。
可选地,每一所述二进制标号包括高位和低位两部分二进制标号。
可选地,所述传输符号包括高位比特和低位比特,所述高位比特是从所述交织处理后的码字比特中选取的,所述低位比特是从所述第二数据比特中选取的。
可选地,所述映射关系是采用如下方式建立的:
对星座进行子集划分,对每一子集中的代表元进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为子集索引,其中,所述每一子集中的代表元为该子集中预设位置的星座点;
对每一子集内的每一星座点,进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为该星座点的子集内索引;
利用星座点的子集索引和子集内索引,建立星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,其中,对于每一星座点,该星座点的子集索引和子集内索引构成该星座点的二进制标号,该星座点的子集索引作为高位部分的二进制标号,该星座点的子集内索引作为低位部分的二进制标号。
可选地,对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特,具体包括:
根据目标频谱效率,确定调制阶数、纠错编码的码率和所述子集的子集大小;
对所述调制阶数取以2为底的对数,作为所述二进制标号的总长度m;
对所述子集大小取以2为底的对数,作为所述低位部分二进制标号的长度l;
通过如下公式确定所述第二数据比特占所述数据帧总比特的比例:
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000014
其中,R in为所述纠错编码的码率;
按照所述比例,将所述数据帧划分为两部分,分别为所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特。
可选地,所述纠错编码具体为内码编码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,在确定所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特之前,所述处理器500还用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
对当前需要传输的数据帧的信息序列进行外码编码;
将外码编码后的结果进行交织处理。
需要说明的是,本申请实施例提供的装置,即可以作为发送端装置(具有本申请实施例所述的编码功能),也可以作为接收端装置(具有本申请实施例所述的译码功能)。
因此,可选地,所述处理器500还用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
传输符号经信道传输后,在接收端得到接收符号,对所述接收符号进行解调,得到该传输符号的软信息和纠错译码所需要的软信息;
对所述纠错译码所需要的软信息分别进行解交织、纠错译码,得到进行所述纠错编码的第二数据比特,以及得到所述传输符号的二进制标号的高位比特,并利用所述高位比特确定所述传输符号所属的子集;
根据所述传输符号所属的子集,利用所述传输符号的软信息进行硬判决,确定所述传输符号对应的译码结果中的低位的数据比特。
可选地,所述纠错译码具体为内码译码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,所述处理器500还用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得 的程序执行:
将所述译码结果分别进行解交织、外码译码处理,得到最终的译码结果。
收发机510,用于在处理器500的控制下接收和发送数据。
其中,在图11中,总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥,具体由处理器500代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器520代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起,这些都是本领域所公知的,因此,本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机510可以是多个元件,即包括发送机和接收机,提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。处理器500负责管理总线架构和通常的处理,存储器520可以存储处理器500在执行操作时所使用的数据。
处理器500可以是中央处埋器(CPU)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit,ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)或复杂可编程逻辑器件(Complex Programmable Logic Device,CPLD)。
参见图12,在接收端,本申请实施例提供的一种信号接收装置,包括:
存储器505,用于存储程序指令;
处理器504,用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
传输符号经信道传输后,在接收端得到接收符号,对所述接收符号进行解调,得到该传输符号的软信息和纠错译码所需要的软信息;
对所述纠错译码所需要的软信息分别进行解交织、纠错译码,得到进行所述纠错编码的第二数据比特,以及得到所述传输符号的二进制标号的高位比特,并利用所述高位比特确定所述传输符号所属的子集;
根据所述传输符号所属的子集,利用所述传输符号的软信息进行硬判决,确定所述传输符号对应的译码结果中的低位的数据比特。
可选地,所述纠错译码具体为内码译码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,所述处理器504还用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得 的程序执行:
将所述译码结果分别进行解交织、外码译码处理,得到最终的译码结果。
收发机501,用于在处理器504的控制下接收和发送数据。
在图12中,总线架构(用总线506来代表),总线506可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥,总线506将包括由处理器504代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器505代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线506还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起,这些都是本领域所公知的,因此,本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口503在总线506和收发机501之间提供接口。收发机501可以是一个元件,也可以是多个元件,比如多个接收器和发送器,提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。经处理器504处理的数据通过天线502在无线介质上进行传输,进一步,天线502还接收数据并将数据传送给处理器504。
处理器504负责管理总线506和通常的处理,还可以提供各种功能,包括定时,外围接口,电压调节、电源管理以及其他控制功能。而存储器505可以被用于存储处理器504在执行操作时所使用的数据。
可选的,处理器504可以是CPU(中央处埋器)、ASIC、FPGA或CPLD。
参见图13,本申请实施例提供的另一种信号发送装置,包括:
第一单元11,用于对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特;
第二单元12,用于对所述第一数据比特进行纠错编码,并对纠错编码后得到的码字进行交织处理,得到交织处理后的码字比特;
第三单元13,用于利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号。
可选地,利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号,具体包括:
利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,并结合预设的星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,选取星座点作为传输符号。
可选地,每一所述二进制标号包括高位和低位两部分二进制标号。
可选地,所述传输符号包括高位比特和低位比特,所述高位比特是从所述交织处理后的码字比特中选取的,所述低位比特是从所述第二数据比特中选取的。
可选地,所述映射关系是采用如下方式建立的:
对星座进行子集划分,对每一子集中的代表元进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为子集索引,其中,所述每一子集中的代表元为该子集中预设位置的星座点;
对每一子集内的每一星座点,进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为该星座点的子集内索引;
利用星座点的子集索引和子集内索引,建立星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,其中,对于每一星座点,该星座点的子集索引和子集内索引构成该星座点的二进制标号,该星座点的子集索引作为高位部分的二进制标号,该星座点的子集内索引作为低位部分的二进制标号。
可选地,对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特,具体包括:
根据目标频谱效率,确定调制阶数、纠错编码的码率和所述子集的子集大小;
对所述调制阶数取以2为底的对数,作为所述二进制标号的总长度m;
对所述子集大小取以2为底的对数,作为所述低位部分二进制标号的长度l;
通过如下公式确定所述第二数据比特占所述数据帧总比特的比例:
Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-000015
其中,R in为所述纠错编码的码率;
按照所述比例,将所述数据帧划分为两部分,分别为所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特。
可选地,所述纠错编码具体为内码编码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,在确定所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特之前,第一单元11还用于:
对当前需要传输的数据帧的信息序列进行外码编码;
将外码编码后的结果进行交织处理。
参见图14,本申请实施例提供的另一种信号接收装置,包括:
第四单元21,用于传输符号经信道传输后,在接收端得到接收符号,对所述接收符号进行解调,得到该传输符号的软信息和纠错译码所需要的软信息;
第五单元22,用于对所述纠错译码所需要的软信息分别进行解交织、纠错译码,得到进行所述纠错编码的第二数据比特,以及得到所述传输符号的二进制标号的高位比特,并利用所述高位比特确定所述传输符号所属的子集;
第六单元23,用于根据所述传输符号所属的子集,利用所述传输符号的软信息进行硬判决,确定所述传输符号对应的译码结果中的低位的数据比特。
可选地,所述纠错译码具体为内码译码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,第六单元23还用于:
将所述译码结果分别进行解交织、外码译码处理,得到最终的译码结果。
同样的,本申请实施例提供的装置,可以同时具有图13所示的单元和图14所示的单元,即可以作为发送端装置(具有本申请实施例所述的编码功能),也可以作为接收端装置(具有本申请实施例所述的译码功能)。
需要说明的是,本申请实施例中对单元的划分是示意性的,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。另外,在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的 全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory,ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory,RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
另外,需要说明的是,本申请实施例提供的编码装置和解码装置,可以是同一装置,即同一装置既能实现本申请实施例提供的编码功能,也能实现本申请实施例提供的解码功能。也就是说,同一装置即可以作为发送端,也可以作为接收端。
本申请实施例提供了一种计算设备,该计算设备具体可以为桌面计算机、便携式计算机、智能手机、平板电脑、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant,PDA)等。该计算设备可以包括中央处理器(Center Processing Unit,CPU)、存储器、输入/输出设备等,输入设备可以包括键盘、鼠标、触摸屏等,输出设备可以包括显示设备,如液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display,LCD)、阴极射线管(Cathode Ray Tube,CRT)等。
存储器可以包括只读存储器(ROM)和随机存取存储器(RAM),并向处理器提供存储器中存储的程序指令和数据。在本申请实施例中,存储器可以用于存储本申请实施例提供的任一所述方法的程序。
处理器通过调用存储器存储的程序指令,处理器用于按照获得的程序指令执行本申请实施例提供的任一所述方法。
本申请实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质,用于储存为上述本申请实施例提供的装置所用的计算机程序指令,其包含用于执行上述本申请实施例提供的任一方法的程序。
所述计算机存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或数据存储设备,包括但不限于磁性存储器(例如软盘、硬盘、磁带、磁光盘(MO)等)、光学存储器(例如CD、DVD、BD、HVD等)、以及半导体存储器(例如ROM、 EPROM、EEPROM、非易失性存储器(NAND FLASH)、固态硬盘(SSD))等。
本申请实施例提供的方法可以应用于终端设备,也可以应用于网络设备。
其中,终端设备也可称之为用户设备(User Equipment,简称为“UE”)、移动台(Mobile Station,简称为“MS”)、移动终端(Mobile Terminal)等,可选的,该终端可以具备经无线接入网(Radio Access Network,RAN)与一个或多个核心网进行通信的能力,例如,终端可以是移动电话(或称为“蜂窝”电话)、或具有移动性质的计算机等,例如,终端还可以是便携式、袖珍式、手持式、计算机内置的或者车载的移动装置。
网络设备可以为基站(例如,接入点),指接入网中在空中接口上通过一个或多个扇区与无线终端通信的设备。基站可用于将收到的空中帧与IP分组进行相互转换,作为无线终端与接入网的其余部分之间的路由器,其中接入网的其余部分可包括网际协议(IP)网络。基站还可协调对空中接口的属性管理。例如,基站可以是GSM或CDMA中的基站(BTS,Base Transceiver Station),也可以是WCDMA中的基站(NodeB),还可以是LTE中的演进型基站(NodeB或eNB或e-NodeB,evolutional Node B),或者也可以是5G系统中的gNB等。本申请实施例中不做限定。
上述方法处理流程可以用软件程序实现,该软件程序可以存储在存储介质中,当存储的软件程序被调用时,执行上述方法步骤。
本领域内的技术人员应明白,本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此,本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且,本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程 和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器,使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中,使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品,该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上,使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理,从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样,倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种信号发送方法,其特征在于,该方法包括:
    对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特;
    对所述第一数据比特进行纠错编码,并对纠错编码后得到的码字进行交织处理,得到交织处理后的码字比特;
    利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号,具体包括:
    利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,并结合预设的星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,选取星座点作为传输符号。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,每一所述二进制标号包括高位和低位两部分二进制标号。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述传输符号包括高位比特和低位比特,所述高位比特是从所述交织处理后的码字比特中选取的,所述低位比特是从所述第二数据比特中选取的。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述映射关系是采用如下方式建立的:
    对星座进行子集划分,对每一子集中的代表元进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为子集索引,其中,所述每一子集中的代表元为该子集中预设位置的星座点;
    对每一子集内的每一星座点,进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为该星座点的子集内索引;
    利用星座点的子集索引和子集内索引,建立星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,其中,对于每一星座点,该星座点的子集索引和子集内索引构成 该星座点的二进制标号,该星座点的子集索引作为高位部分的二进制标号,该星座点的子集内索引作为低位部分的二进制标号。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特,具体包括:
    根据目标频谱效率,确定调制阶数、纠错编码的码率和所述子集的子集大小;
    对所述调制阶数取以2为底的对数,作为所述二进制标号的总长度m;以及对所述子集大小取以2为底的对数,作为所述低位部分二进制标号的长度l;
    通过如下公式确定所述第二数据比特占所述数据帧总比特的比例:
    Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-100001
    其中,R in为所述纠错编码的码率;
    按照所述比例,将所述数据帧划分为两部分,分别为所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述纠错编码具体为内码编码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,在确定所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特之前,该方法还包括:
    对当前需要传输的数据帧的信息序列进行外码编码;
    将外码编码后的结果进行交织处理。
  8. 一种信号接收方法,其特征在于,该方法包括:
    传输符号经信道传输后,在接收端得到接收符号,对所述接收符号进行解调,得到该传输符号的软信息和纠错译码所需要的软信息;
    对所述纠错译码所需要的软信息分别进行解交织、纠错译码,得到进行所述纠错编码的第二数据比特,以及得到所述传输符号的二进制标号的高位比特,并利用所述高位比特确定所述传输符号所属的子集;
    根据所述传输符号所属的子集,利用所述传输符号的软信息进行硬判决, 确定所述传输符号对应的译码结果中的低位的数据比特。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述纠错译码具体为内码译码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,该方法还包括:
    将所述译码结果分别进行解交织、外码译码处理,得到最终的译码结果。
  10. 一种信号发送装置,其特征在于,包括:
    存储器,用于存储程序指令;
    处理器,用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
    对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特;
    对所述第一数据比特进行纠错编码,并对纠错编码后得到的码字进行交织处理,得到交织处理后的码字比特;
    利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号,具体包括:
    利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,并结合预设的星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,选取星座点作为传输符号。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置,其特征在于,每一所述二进制标号包括高位和低位两部分二进制标号。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的装置,其特征在于,所述传输符号包括高位比特和低位比特,所述高位比特是从所述交织处理后的码字比特中选取的,所述低位比特是从所述第二数据比特中选取的。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的装置,其特征在于,所述映射关系是采用如下方式建立的:
    对星座进行子集划分,对每一子集中的代表元进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为子集索引,其中,所述每一子集中的代表元为该子集中 预设位置的星座点;
    对每一子集内的每一星座点,进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为该星座点的子集内索引;
    利用星座点的子集索引和子集内索引,建立星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,其中,对于每一星座点,该星座点的子集索引和子集内索引构成该星座点的二进制标号,该星座点的子集索引作为高位部分的二进制标号,该星座点的子集内索引作为低位部分的二进制标号。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置,其特征在于,对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特,具体包括:
    根据目标频谱效率,确定调制阶数、纠错编码的码率和所述子集的子集大小;
    对所述调制阶数取以2为底的对数,作为所述二进制标号的总长度m;以及对所述子集大小取以2为底的对数,作为所述低位部分二进制标号的长度l;
    通过如下公式确定所述第二数据比特占所述数据帧总比特的比例:
    Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-100002
    其中,R in为所述纠错编码的码率;
    按照所述比例,将所述数据帧划分为两部分,分别为所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特。
  16. 根据权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,所述纠错编码具体为内码编码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,在确定所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特之前,所述处理器还用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
    对当前需要传输的数据帧的信息序列进行外码编码;
    将外码编码后的结果进行交织处理。
  17. 根据权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,所述处理器还用于调用 所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
    传输符号经信道传输后,在接收端得到接收符号,对所述接收符号进行解调,得到该传输符号的软信息和纠错译码所需要的软信息;
    对所述纠错译码所需要的软信息分别进行解交织、纠错译码,得到进行所述纠错编码的第二数据比特,以及得到所述传输符号的二进制标号的高位比特,并利用所述高位比特确定所述传输符号所属的子集;
    根据所述传输符号所属的子集,利用所述传输符号的软信息进行硬判决,确定所述传输符号对应的译码结果中的低位的数据比特。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的装置,其特征在于,所述纠错译码具体为内码译码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,所述处理器还用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
    将所述译码结果分别进行解交织、外码译码处理,得到最终的译码结果。
  19. 一种信号接收装置,其特征在于,包括:
    存储器,用于存储程序指令;
    处理器,用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
    传输符号经信道传输后,在接收端得到接收符号,对所述接收符号进行解调,得到该传输符号的软信息和纠错译码所需要的软信息;
    对所述纠错译码所需要的软信息分别进行解交织、纠错译码,得到进行所述纠错编码的第二数据比特,以及得到所述传输符号的二进制标号的高位比特,并利用所述高位比特确定所述传输符号所属的子集;
    根据所述传输符号所属的子集,利用所述传输符号的软信息进行硬判决,确定所述传输符号对应的译码结果中的低位的数据比特。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置,其特征在于,所述纠错译码具体为内码译码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,所述处理器还用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令,按照获得的程序执行:
    将所述译码结果分别进行解交织、外码译码处理,得到最终的译码结果。
  21. 一种信号发送装置,其特征在于,包括:
    第一单元,用于对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特;
    第二单元,用于对所述第一数据比特进行纠错编码,并对纠错编码后得到的码字进行交织处理,得到交织处理后的码字比特;
    第三单元,用于利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置,其特征在于,利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,从信号星座中选取星座点作为传输符号,具体包括:
    利用所述第二数据比特和交织处理后的码字比特,并结合预设的星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,选取星座点作为传输符号。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置,其特征在于,每一所述二进制标号包括高位和低位两部分二进制标号。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的装置,其特征在于,所述传输符号包括高位比特和低位比特,所述高位比特是从所述交织处理后的码字比特中选取的,所述低位比特是从所述第二数据比特中选取的。
  25. 根据权利要求22所述的装置,其特征在于,所述映射关系是采用如下方式建立的:
    对星座进行子集划分,对每一子集中的代表元进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为子集索引,其中,所述每一子集中的代表元为该子集中预设位置的星座点;
    对每一子集内的每一星座点,进行格雷编码或准格雷编码,将编码结果作为该星座点的子集内索引;
    利用星座点的子集索引和子集内索引,建立星座点与二进制标号之间的映射关系,其中,对于每一星座点,该星座点的子集索引和子集内索引构成该星座点的二进制标号,该星座点的子集索引作为高位部分的二进制标号,该星座点的子集内索引作为低位部分的二进制标号。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的装置,其特征在于,对于当前需要传输的数据帧,确定需要进行纠错编码保护的第一数据比特,以及不需要进行纠错编码保护的第二数据比特,具体包括:
    根据目标频谱效率,确定调制阶数、纠错编码的码率和所述子集的子集大小;
    对所述调制阶数取以2为底的对数,作为所述二进制标号的总长度m;以及对所述子集大小取以2为底的对数,作为所述低位部分二进制标号的长度l;
    通过如下公式确定所述第二数据比特占所述数据帧总比特的比例:
    Figure PCTCN2022105289-appb-100003
    其中,R in为所述纠错编码的码率;
    按照所述比例,将所述数据帧划分为两部分,分别为所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特。
  27. 根据权利要求21所述的装置,其特征在于,所述纠错编码具体为内码编码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,在确定所述第一数据比特和第二数据比特之前,第一单元还用于:
    对当前需要传输的数据帧的信息序列进行外码编码;
    将外码编码后的结果进行交织处理。
  28. 一种信号接收装置,其特征在于,包括:
    第四单元,用于传输符号经信道传输后,在接收端得到接收符号,对所述接收符号进行解调,得到该传输符号的软信息和纠错译码所需要的软信息;
    第五单元,用于对所述纠错译码所需要的软信息分别进行解交织、纠错译码,得到进行所述纠错编码的第二数据比特,以及得到所述传输符号的二进制标号的高位比特,并利用所述高位比特确定所述传输符号所属的子集;
    第六单元,用于根据所述传输符号所属的子集,利用所述传输符号的软信息进行硬判决,确定所述传输符号对应的译码结果中的低位的数据比特。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的装置,其特征在于,所述纠错译码具体为内 码译码,对于预设服务质量要求的业务类型,第六单元还用于:
    将所述译码结果分别进行解交织、外码译码处理,得到最终的译码结果。
  30. 一种计算机存储介质,其特征在于,所述计算机存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令用于使所述计算机执行权利要求1至9任一项所述的方法。
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EP2690790A1 (en) * 2012-07-27 2014-01-29 Panasonic Corporation Bit interleaving for rotated constellations with quasi-cyclic LDPC codes
CN103929265A (zh) * 2013-01-14 2014-07-16 北京邮电大学 一种通信前向纠错方法及装置
CN106682716A (zh) * 2016-12-02 2017-05-17 上海思岭信息科技有限公司 一种采用分层结构的二维码编码方法和译码方法
CN111478752A (zh) * 2020-04-03 2020-07-31 北京邮电大学 一种信息编码的方法及装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2690790A1 (en) * 2012-07-27 2014-01-29 Panasonic Corporation Bit interleaving for rotated constellations with quasi-cyclic LDPC codes
CN103929265A (zh) * 2013-01-14 2014-07-16 北京邮电大学 一种通信前向纠错方法及装置
CN106682716A (zh) * 2016-12-02 2017-05-17 上海思岭信息科技有限公司 一种采用分层结构的二维码编码方法和译码方法
CN111478752A (zh) * 2020-04-03 2020-07-31 北京邮电大学 一种信息编码的方法及装置

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