WO2023284697A1

WO2023284697A1 - Vehicle heat pump air conditioning system and electric automobile

Info

Publication number: WO2023284697A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/105023
Authority: WO
Inventors: 胡志林; 张天强; 杨钫; 王燕; 付磊; 张昶; 李坤远; 刘建康; 霍云龙; 闫书畅
Original assignee: 中国第一汽车股份有限公司
Priority date: 2021-07-15
Filing date: 2022-07-12
Publication date: 2023-01-19
Also published as: CN113335025A; CN113335025B

Abstract

A vehicle heat pump air conditioning system and an electric automobile. The vehicle heat pump air conditioning system comprises: a first air conditioning loop (1), a second air conditioning loop (2) and a four-way reversing valve (3); the first air conditioning loop (1) meets cooling and heating requirements of an on-board cooling component, the first air conditioning loop (1) comprising a first air conditioning compressor (101) electrically connected to a power battery; the second air conditioning loop (2) meets cooling and heating requirements of a passenger compartment, the second air conditioning loop (2) comprising a second air conditioning compressor (201) electrically connected to the power battery; the four-way reversing valve (3) is configured to connect the first air conditioning loop (1) and the second air conditioning loop (2) in parallel when in a refrigeration mode, and the four-way reversing valve (3) is further configured to connect the first air conditioning loop (1) and the second air conditioning loop (2) in series when in a heating mode.

Description

Vehicle Heat Pump Air Conditioning System and Electric Vehicle

This disclosure claims priority to a Chinese patent application with application number 202110799015.9 filed with the China Patent Office on July 15, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of vehicle air-conditioning systems, for example, it relates to a vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system and an electric vehicle.

Background technique

The vehicle air-conditioning system in the related art not only affects the driving comfort of passenger vehicles, but also involves issues of safety and energy consumption. Especially for electric vehicles, the air conditioning system plays a balancing role in terms of driving comfort and driving range. Since the mileage of electric vehicles directly affects the user's acceptance, improving the working efficiency of air conditioners and reducing energy consumption has become the focus of air conditioner research and development. In order to alleviate the problem of attenuation of the mileage of electric vehicles in winter, heat pump air-conditioning technology has become more and more popular in electric vehicles. However, in the heat pump air-conditioning system in the related technology, in the heating mode, the compressor rotates at a high speed and the noise is relatively large. Affect the noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) performance of the vehicle; in addition, under high-temperature conditions, the passenger compartment and the vehicle cooling components share a set of air-conditioning circuits for cooling, during the cooling process of the vehicle cooling components , will affect the stability of the passenger compartment cooling and reduce the comfort experience of the passenger compartment air conditioner.

Contents of the invention

The application provides a heat pump air-conditioning system for vehicles and an electric vehicle. The heat pump air-conditioning system for vehicles can reduce the speed of the air-conditioning compressor, improve the NVH performance of the vehicle, stabilize the cooling performance of the passenger compartment, and improve the comfort experience of members.

This application adopts the following technical solutions:

A vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, comprising:

A first air-conditioning circuit, the first air-conditioning circuit is configured to meet the cooling demand and heating demand of the vehicle cooling components, the first air-conditioning circuit includes a first air-conditioning compressor, and the first air-conditioning compressor is electrically connected to a power battery;

A second air-conditioning circuit, the second air-conditioning circuit is configured to meet the cooling demand and heating demand of the passenger compartment, the second air-conditioning circuit includes a second air-conditioning compressor, and the second air-conditioning compressor is electrically connected to the power battery ;as well as

A four-way reversing valve, the four-way reversing valve can be connected to the first air-conditioning circuit and the second air-conditioning circuit respectively, and the four-way reversing valve is configured to In the cooling mode, the first air-conditioning circuit and the second air-conditioning circuit are connected in parallel; the four-way reversing valve is also configured to make the first The air-conditioning circuit is connected in series with the second air-conditioning circuit.

In another aspect, an electric vehicle is provided, comprising a vehicle cooling component, a passenger compartment, and the above-mentioned vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system; the second air-conditioning circuit in the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is configured to meet the requirements of the passenger compartment Cooling demand and heating demand, the first air-conditioning circuit in the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is configured to meet the cooling demand and heating demand of the vehicle cooling component.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first air-conditioning circuit and the parallel cooling of the first air-conditioning circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram 1 of the first air-conditioning circuit and the first air-conditioning circuit series heating mode provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram 2 of the first air-conditioning circuit and the first air-conditioning circuit in series heating mode provided by the embodiment of the present application.

In the picture:

1. The first air-conditioning circuit; 101. The first air-conditioning compressor; 103. Electronic expansion valve one; 104. Outdoor condenser one; 105. Three-way valve; 106. Electronic expansion valve two; 107. Refrigerant heat exchanger one; 108. Gas-liquid separator 1; 2. Second air-conditioning circuit; 201. Second air-conditioning compressor; 202. Indoor condenser; 203. Two-way valve; 204. Electronic expansion valve 4; 205. Refrigerant heat exchanger 2; 206. Outdoor condenser two; 207. Electronic expansion valve three; 208. Air conditioning evaporator; 209. Gas-liquid separator two; 21. Parallel branch one; 22. Parallel branch two; 3. Four-way reversing valve.

detailed description

The application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only some parts relevant to the present application are shown in the drawings but not all structures.

In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the meanings of the above terms in this application according to the situation.

In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, a first feature being "on" or "under" a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, and may also include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through another characteristic contact between them. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "under" the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

In the description of this embodiment, the terms "up", "down", "left", "right" and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operations. It does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed, or operate in a particular orientation. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in description, and have no special meaning.

As shown in FIGS. 1-4 , the embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system, including a first air-conditioning circuit 1 , a second air-conditioning circuit 2 and a four-way reversing valve 3 . The first air-conditioning circuit 1 is configured to meet the cooling demand and heating demand of the vehicle cooling components. The first air-conditioning circuit 1 includes a first air-conditioning compressor 101 , and the first air-conditioning compressor 101 is electrically connected to a power battery. The second air-conditioning circuit 2 is configured to meet the cooling demand and heating demand of the passenger compartment, and the second air-conditioning circuit 2 includes a second air-conditioning compressor 201 , and the second air-conditioning compressor 201 is electrically connected to the power battery. The four-way reversing valve 3 communicates with the first air-conditioning circuit 1 and the second air-conditioning circuit 2 respectively, and the four-way reversing valve 3 is configured to make the first air-conditioning circuit 1 and the second air-conditioning circuit The air-conditioning circuits 2 are connected in parallel; the four-way reversing valve 3 is also configured to connect the first air-conditioning circuit 1 and the second air-conditioning circuit 2 in series when the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is in heating mode.

In this application, the first air-conditioning compressor 101 and the second air-conditioning compressor 201 are electric compressors, and the electric compressor receives the electric energy output by the power battery, converts the electric energy into rotational mechanical energy, and transforms the low-pressure gaseous state in the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system The refrigerant working medium is compressed into a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant working medium. The four-way reversing valve 3 has two working states, A and B, and can realize the series or parallel connection between the first air-conditioning circuit 1 and the second air-conditioning circuit 2 . When the ambient temperature is high and the passenger compartment or vehicle cooling components (power battery, electronic control unit, etc.) have cooling needs, the parallel connection of the first air conditioning circuit 1 and the second air conditioning circuit 2 is realized through the control of the four-way reversing valve 3. The first air-conditioning circuit 1 is used to meet the cooling requirements of vehicle cooling components other than the passenger compartment of the vehicle; the second air-conditioning circuit 2 is used to meet the cooling requirements of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. The first air-conditioning circuit 1 and the second air-conditioning circuit 2 are connected in parallel for refrigeration, decoupling the cooling of the passenger compartment and the active cooling of the vehicle cooling components, so that two independent air-conditioning refrigeration circuits can be realized to avoid the cooling demand of the second air-conditioning circuit 2 during driving , has an impact on the cooling of the passenger compartment, and improves the comfort of the cooling of the passenger compartment. In addition, with the increase of smart components in electric vehicles, the calculation processing units and computing power required by the whole vehicle are gradually increasing, and the demand for cooling is increasing. Using two parallel circuits for cooling separately can avoid complex air-conditioning cooling capacity distribution problems and avoid The temperature inside the passenger compartment fluctuates greatly, improving the comfort inside the passenger compartment. Moreover, since the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is provided with the first air-conditioning compressor 101 and the second air-conditioning compressor 201, when the first air-conditioning circuit 1 and the second air-conditioning circuit 2 work in series for heating, the compressor speed is relatively low and the noise is high. Small, greatly improving the NVH performance of the vehicle.

Optionally, the first air-conditioning circuit 1 further includes an electronic expansion valve one 103 , an outdoor condenser one 104 , an electronic expansion valve two 106 and a refrigerant heat exchanger one 107 . The inlet port of the electronic expansion valve one 103 is connected to the outlet port of the first air-conditioning compressor 101 , and the electronic expansion valve one 103 is configured to adjust the refrigerant flow rate of the first air-conditioning circuit 1 . The inlet of the outdoor condenser one 104 is connected to the outlet of the electronic expansion valve one 103 , and the outdoor condenser one 104 is configured to exchange heat between the external environment and the first air conditioning circuit 1 . The inlet port of the electronic expansion valve 2 106 is connected to the outlet port of the outdoor condenser 1 104 , and the electronic expansion valve 2 106 is configured to adjust the refrigerant flow rate of the first air-conditioning circuit 1 . The inlet port of refrigerant heat exchanger one 107 is connected to the outlet port of electronic expansion valve two 106. Refrigerant heat exchanger one 107 is configured to realize the heat exchange between vehicle cooling components and the first air-conditioning circuit 1, and the outlet port of refrigerant heat exchanger one 107 end communicates with the inlet end of the first air conditioner compressor 101 . Optionally, the first air-conditioning circuit 1 is also provided with a connecting pipeline connected to the above-mentioned structural components for transporting refrigerant working fluid.

The electronic expansion valve 103 can adjust the flow of refrigerant flowing through it. In the parallel refrigeration mode, the electronic expansion valve 103 is kept fully open, and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the first air-conditioning circuit 1 does not undergo a phase change, and directly flows to the outdoor condenser 1. 104 for condensation and heat dissipation; in the series heating mode, the electronic expansion valve 103 adjusts the opening to adjust the pressure of the high-pressure liquid refrigerant in the first air-conditioning circuit 1, and the high-pressure liquid refrigerant expands into a low-pressure gas-liquid two The working medium of the phase refrigerant flows to the outdoor condenser-104 for evaporating and absorbing heat. The outdoor condenser one 104 transfers the heat of the first air-conditioning circuit 1 to the external environment in the parallel cooling mode; and transfers the heat in the external environment to the first air-conditioning circuit 1 in the series heating mode. The electronic expansion valve 2 106 adjusts the opening in the parallel cooling mode, and adjusts the pressure of the high-pressure liquid refrigerant in the first air-conditioning circuit 1. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant expands into a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and the flow direction Refrigerant heat exchanger one 107 performs evaporation and heat absorption; in the series heating mode, if there is excess waste heat in the on-board cooling components that can be recycled, the opening of the electronic expansion valve two 106 is adjusted, and the flow of refrigerant flowing through is also adjusted. adjust. Refrigerant heat exchanger one 107 is used to exchange heat between circuits or components other than the passenger compartment and the first air-conditioning circuit 1. The heat is transferred to the first air conditioning circuit 1 to realize the cooling of the cooling object. In the series heating mode, if there is excess waste heat in the vehicle-mounted cooling components, it can be recycled, and the heat can be transferred to the first air-conditioning circuit 1 through the refrigerant heat exchanger 107, which is used for the heating process of the passenger compartment, and reduces the compressor. Rotating speed.

Optionally, the second air-conditioning circuit 2 further includes an indoor condenser 202 , an outdoor condenser two 206 , an electronic expansion valve three 207 , an air-conditioning evaporator 208 and a two-way valve 203 . The inlet of the indoor condenser 202 is connected to the outlet of the second air-conditioning compressor 201; when the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is in heating mode, the indoor condenser 202 is configured to exchange heat between the passenger compartment and the second air-conditioning circuit 2 . The inlet of the second outdoor condenser 206 is connected to the outlet of the indoor condenser 202; when the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is in cooling mode, the second outdoor condenser 206 is configured to exchange heat between the external environment and the second air-conditioning circuit 2 . The inlet port of the electronic expansion valve three 207 is connected to the outlet port of the outdoor condenser two 206 , and the electronic expansion valve three 207 is configured to adjust the refrigerant flow rate of the second air conditioning circuit 2 . The inlet port of the air-conditioning evaporator 208 is connected to the outlet port of the electronic expansion valve 3 207. When the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is in cooling mode, the air-conditioning evaporator 208 is configured to realize the heat exchange between the passenger compartment and the second air-conditioning circuit 2, and the air-conditioning evaporator The outlet port of the compressor 208 communicates with the inlet port of the second air conditioner compressor 201 . The first end of the two-way valve 203 is connected between the air conditioner evaporator 208 and the second air conditioner compressor 201 , and the second end is connected between the indoor condenser 202 and the second outdoor condenser 206 . Optionally, the second air-conditioning circuit 2 is also provided with a connecting pipeline connected to the above-mentioned structural components for transporting refrigerant working fluid.

The indoor condenser 202 is used to cool the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing through in the series heating mode, so that the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the second air-conditioning circuit 2 is phase-changed into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the second The heat in the air-conditioning loop 2 is transferred to the interior of the passenger compartment to realize the heating of the passenger compartment by the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system. Optionally, the indoor condenser 202 is an air-cooled condenser or a water-cooled condenser. The outdoor condenser 2 206 cools the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing through it into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant in the parallel refrigeration mode, realizing the phase change process of the refrigerant. The electronic expansion valve three 207 receives the high-pressure liquid refrigerant working medium output by the outdoor condenser two 206, and through the opening control of the electronic expansion valve three 207, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant expands into a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, which flows to the air conditioner evaporator 208. The air-conditioning evaporator 208 receives the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant working medium output by the electronic expansion valve three 207, expands and absorbs heat inside the air-conditioning evaporator 208, and transfers the heat inside the passenger compartment to the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system. At the same time, the refrigerant working medium changes It is in a low-pressure gaseous state and realizes the cooling process of the passenger compartment. The two-way valve 203 has two working states of fully open and fully closed to realize on-off control of the refrigerant flowing through it. When cooling in parallel, the two-way valve 203 is fully closed. When heating in series, the two-way valve 203 is fully closed. open, the refrigerant no longer flows through the second outdoor condenser 206, the third electronic expansion valve 207 and the air conditioner evaporator 208.

Optionally, the second air-conditioning circuit 2 is provided with a regulating branch. When the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is in the heating mode, the regulating branch is configured to cool the refrigerant in the second air-conditioning circuit 2. The regulating branch includes a parallel branch- 21 and parallel branch two 22. The inlet end of parallel branch one 21 is connected to the outlet end of indoor condenser 202, parallel branch one 21 is provided with electronic expansion valve four 204 and refrigerant heat exchanger two 205, and the outlet end of electronic expansion valve four 204 is connected to refrigerant heat exchanger At the inlet port of the second 205 , the electronic expansion valve 4 204 is configured to adjust the refrigerant flow rate of the parallel branch 1 21 . The second parallel branch 22 and the first parallel branch 21 are connected in parallel, and the second parallel branch 22 passes through the second refrigerant heat exchanger 205 .

In the series heating mode, the opening of the electronic expansion valve 4 204 is adjusted to adjust the pressure of the high-pressure liquid refrigerant working medium in the second air-conditioning circuit 2 . The high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out from the indoor condenser 202 is divided into two paths, one part enters the parallel branch one 21, expands into a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant through the electronic expansion valve four 204, and flows to the refrigerant heat exchanger two 205 for further processing. Evaporation absorbs heat, and the other part enters the parallel branch two 22, and is cooled by the high-pressure liquid refrigerant working medium in the parallel branch one 21, and the temperature is lowered, which is used to increase the supercooling degree of the refrigerant. When the refrigerant in the parallel branch two 22 enters the first air-conditioning circuit 1 through the four-way reversing valve 3, the larger degree of subcooling allows the refrigerant to absorb more heat when it passes through the outdoor condenser one 104, thereby improving the performance of the vehicle. Use the low temperature heat absorption capacity of the heat pump air conditioning system to reduce the speed of the compressor.

Optionally, the first air-conditioning circuit 1 further includes a three-way valve 105, and the two ends of the three-way valve 105 are respectively connected to the outlet end of the outdoor condenser one 104 and the inlet end of the first air-conditioning compressor 101 . The three-way valve 105 regulates the flow direction of the refrigerant working medium in the first air-conditioning circuit 1 . The three-way valve 105 has a working state A and a working state B. In the series heating mode, if there is no excess heat from the on-board cooling components to be recycled, the three-way valve 105 works in the state B. Through the control of the three-way valve 105, The refrigerant heat exchanger 1 107 is bypassed, and the electronic expansion valve 2 106 maintains the initial default state. At this time, the refrigerant flows directly to the first air conditioner compressor 101 through the three-way valve 105 to realize rapid circulation. When the three-way valve 105 works in state A, the refrigerant flows to the refrigerant heat exchanger 1 107 through the electronic expansion valve 2 106 .

Optionally, the first air-conditioning circuit 1 further includes a gas-liquid separator one 108, and the two ends of the gas-liquid separator one 108 are respectively connected to the outlet end of the refrigerant heat exchanger one 107 and the inlet end of the first air-conditioning compressor 101; The second air-conditioning circuit 2 further includes a gas-liquid separator 2 209 , and the two ends of the gas-liquid separator 209 are respectively connected to the outlet end of the air-conditioning evaporator 208 and the inlet end of the second air-conditioning compressor 201 . Gas-liquid separator 1 108 and gas-liquid separator 2 209 receive the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing through, and filter the liquid mixed in the refrigerant working fluid to ensure that the complete gas working fluid is output, avoiding damage to the first air conditioner compressor 101 and The operational reliability of the second air conditioner compressor 201 is affected.

Optionally, the four ports of the four-way reversing valve 3 are respectively connected to the outlet port of the first air-conditioning compressor 101, the inlet port of the electronic expansion valve one 103, the outlet port of the first parallel branch 21 and the second parallel branch 22. Outlet port: when the four-way reversing valve 3 is connected in parallel with the first air-conditioning circuit 1 and the second air-conditioning circuit 2, the outlet port of the first air-conditioning compressor 101 is connected to the outlet port of the parallel branch one 21, and the inlet of the electronic expansion valve one 103 end communicates with the outlet port of parallel branch two 22.

On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application also provides an electric vehicle, including an on-board cooling component, a passenger compartment, and the above-mentioned vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system; the second air-conditioning circuit 2 in the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is configured to satisfy The first air-conditioning circuit 1 in the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is configured to meet the cooling and heating requirements of the vehicle cooling components. When the heat pump air-conditioning system for electric vehicles is in the cooling mode, the first air-conditioning circuit 1 and the second air-conditioning circuit 2 are connected in parallel, and in the heating mode, the first air-conditioning circuit 1 and the second air-conditioning circuit 2 are connected in series. The working process of the vehicle heat pump air conditioning system in different modes is discussed below:

1. Parallel cooling mode

As shown in FIG. 2 , the first air-conditioning circuit 1 is used to meet the cooling requirements of vehicle cooling components other than the passenger compartment of the vehicle: the first air-conditioning compressor 101 compresses the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant working medium in the first air-conditioning circuit 1 , Output high-pressure gaseous refrigerant working medium. The electronic expansion valve 103 is fully opened, and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows through the four-way reversing valve 3 and the electronic expansion valve 103, and enters the outdoor condenser 104, where the heat exchange between the condenser and the external environment is carried out. The cooling air cools the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the refrigerant undergoes a phase change, changing from a high-pressure gaseous state to a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The three-way valve 105 works in state A, and controls the flow of the high-pressure liquid refrigerant to the electronic expansion valve 2 106. By controlling the opening of the electronic expansion valve 2 106, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant expands into a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant; Then it flows into the refrigerant heat exchanger 107, and undergoes a phase change inside the refrigerant heat exchanger 107, changing from a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase working medium to a low-pressure gaseous working medium, absorbing heat at the same time, and transferring the heat inside the on-board cooling component to the first In the air conditioning circuit 1. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant working medium output by the refrigerant heat exchanger 107 flows through the gas-liquid separator 108 to filter the water vapor and other impurities contained in the low-pressure gaseous working medium, and then output to the first air-conditioning compressor 101, thus completing the first A refrigeration cycle of the air conditioning circuit 1.

The second air-conditioning circuit 2 is used to meet the cooling demand of the passenger compartment: the second air-conditioning compressor 201 compresses the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the second air-conditioning circuit 2 to output the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant working fluid flows through the indoor condenser 202, and the indoor condenser 202 does not work at this time. Two-way valve 203 and electronic expansion valve four 204 are fully closed, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows through refrigerant heat exchanger two 205 and enters outdoor condenser two 206 to dissipate heat, and the interior of outdoor condenser two 206 exchanges heat with the external environment, and the external environment The cooling air in the cooling chamber cools the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the refrigerant undergoes a phase change, changing from a high-pressure gaseous state to a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the electronic expansion valve 3 207. By controlling the opening of the electronic expansion valve 3 207, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant expands into a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant; The phase change is carried out inside the device 208, from the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase working medium to the low-pressure gaseous working medium, and heat is absorbed at the same time, and the heat inside the passenger compartment is transferred to the second air-conditioning circuit 2 . The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant working medium output by the air-conditioning evaporator 208 flows through the gas-liquid separator 209 to filter the water vapor and other impurities contained in the low-pressure gaseous working medium, and then output to the second air-conditioning compressor 201, thus completing the second air-conditioning Refrigeration cycle for circuit 2.

2. Series heating mode

2.1. Series heating mode 1

As shown in Figure 3, when the ambient temperature is low and the passenger compartment has a heating demand, and at the same time, there is no excess heat to be recovered from the on-board cooling components of the first air-conditioning circuit 1, the three-way valve 105 is controlled to work in state B to heat the refrigerant The first exchanger 107 is bypassed, and the second electronic expansion valve 106 maintains the initial default state.

The first air-conditioning circuit 1 and the second air-conditioning circuit 2 are controlled by the four-way reversing valve 3 , and the two-way valve 203 is fully opened. The second air conditioner compressor 201 compresses the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant working medium in the circuit, and outputs the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant working medium. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows through the indoor condenser 202, and the indoor condenser 202 performs heat exchange with the cold air inside the passenger compartment, and transfers the heat in the circuit to the interior of the passenger compartment to meet the heating requirements for the passenger compartment. At the same time, the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inside the indoor condenser 202 undergoes a phase change after being cooled by the cold air in the passenger compartment, and becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant working medium is divided into two paths, one path directly enters the parallel branch 222, flows through the refrigerant heat exchanger 205, and the other path enters the parallel branch 1 21, passes through the electronic expansion valve 4 204, and passes through the electronic expansion valve 4 204 The interior decompresses and expands to become a gas-liquid two-phase working medium, which absorbs heat in the refrigerant heat exchanger 205, cools the high-pressure liquid refrigerant working medium in the parallel branch 222, and increases the supercooling of the high-pressure liquid refrigerant To improve the low temperature heat absorption capacity of the system. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant working medium flowing through the parallel branch 2 2 enters the electronic expansion valve 1 103 of the first air-conditioning circuit 1 through the four-way reversing valve 3 . By controlling the opening of the electronic expansion valve 1 103 , the high-pressure liquid refrigerant working medium Expands into a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant; then flows into the outdoor condenser-104, and undergoes a phase change inside the outdoor condenser-104, changing from a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant to a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, absorbing heat at the same time, turning the The heat from the external environment is transferred to the air-conditioning circuit, and the refrigerant with a high degree of supercooling can absorb more outdoor heat at this time. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows through the three-way valve 105 and the first gas-liquid separator 108, and enters the first air-conditioning compressor 101 of the first air-conditioning circuit 1 to be compressed, and the compressed gaseous refrigerant passes through the four-way reversing valve. 3 flows into the second air-conditioning circuit 2, and mixes with the gaseous refrigerant working medium flowing through the parallel branch one 21, and the mixed gaseous refrigerant working fluid flows through the fully open two-way valve 203 and the gas-liquid separator two 209, and enters the second air-conditioning circuit The second air-conditioning compressor 201 of the second air-conditioning circuit 2 completes the heating process in the series heating mode.

2.2. Series heating mode 2

As shown in Figure 4, when the ambient temperature is low, the passenger compartment needs heating, and the excess heat in the vehicle cooling components of the first air-conditioning circuit 1 can be recycled, at this time the temperature of the vehicle cooling components or the circuit is usually higher than If the ambient temperature is outside, the three-way valve 105 is controlled to work in state A, so that the refrigerant working medium flowing out of the outdoor condenser 104 flows through the electronic expansion valve 2 106 and the refrigerant heat exchanger 1 107, and the refrigerant working medium flows through the refrigerant heat exchanger 1 Heat absorption in 107 increases the heat source of the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system and the evaporation superheat of the air-conditioning refrigerant, and then flows through the gas-liquid separator one 108 and enters the first air-conditioning compressor 101 of the first air-conditioning circuit 1 .

Meanwhile, other working processes in the two air-conditioning loops are the same as those in the series heating mode one.

Claims

A vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, comprising:

The first air-conditioning circuit (1), the first air-conditioning circuit (1) is configured to meet the cooling demand and heating demand of the vehicle cooling components, the first air-conditioning circuit (1) includes a first air-conditioning compressor (101) , the first air conditioner compressor (101) is electrically connected to a power battery;

The second air-conditioning circuit (2), the second air-conditioning circuit (2) is configured to meet the cooling demand and heating demand of the passenger compartment, the second air-conditioning circuit (2) includes a second air-conditioning compressor (201), The second air conditioner compressor (201) is electrically connected to the power battery; and

The four-way reversing valve (3), the four-way reversing valve (3) can communicate with the first air-conditioning circuit (1) and the second air-conditioning circuit (2) respectively, and the four-way reversing valve (3) configured to connect the first air-conditioning circuit (1) and the second air-conditioning circuit (2) in parallel when the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is in cooling mode; the four-way reversing valve (3 ) is further configured to connect the first air-conditioning circuit (1) and the second air-conditioning circuit (2) in series when the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is in heating mode.
The vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the first air-conditioning circuit (1) further comprises:

Electronic expansion valve one (103), the inlet port of the electronic expansion valve one (103) is connected to the outlet port of the first air conditioner compressor (101), and the electronic expansion valve one (103) is configured to adjust the Describe the refrigerant flow rate of the first air-conditioning circuit (1);

Outdoor condenser one (104), the inlet end of the outdoor condenser one (104) is connected to the outlet end of the electronic expansion valve one (103), and the outdoor condenser one (104) is configured to realize the external environment Exchange heat with the first air-conditioning circuit (1);

The second electronic expansion valve (106), the inlet end of the second electronic expansion valve (106) is connected to the outlet end of the first outdoor condenser (104), and the second electronic expansion valve (106) is configured to adjust the second A refrigerant flow rate of an air-conditioning circuit (1); and

Refrigerant heat exchanger one (107), the inlet port of the refrigerant heat exchanger one (107) is connected to the outlet port of the electronic expansion valve two (106), and the refrigerant heat exchanger one (107) is configured to realize The on-vehicle cooling component exchanges heat with the first air-conditioning circuit (1), and the outlet port of the refrigerant heat exchanger one (107) is connected to the inlet port of the first air-conditioning compressor (101).
The vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system according to claim 2, wherein the second air-conditioning circuit (2) further comprises:

Indoor condenser (202), the inlet port of the indoor condenser (202) is connected to the outlet port of the second air-conditioning compressor (201); when the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is in heating mode, the indoor The condenser (202) is configured to realize heat exchange between the passenger compartment and the second air-conditioning circuit (2);

The second outdoor condenser (206), the inlet end of the second outdoor condenser (206) is connected to the outlet end of the indoor condenser (202); when the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is in cooling mode, the outdoor condensing The second device (206) is configured to realize heat exchange between the external environment and the second air-conditioning circuit (2);

The third electronic expansion valve (207), the inlet end of the third electronic expansion valve (207) is connected to the outlet end of the second outdoor condenser (206), and the third electronic expansion valve (207) is configured to adjust the second The refrigerant flow rate of the two air-conditioning loops (2);

An air conditioner evaporator (208), the inlet end of the air conditioner evaporator (208) is connected to the outlet end of the electronic expansion valve three (207), when the vehicle heat pump air conditioning system is in cooling mode, the air conditioner evaporator (208) configured to realize heat exchange between the passenger compartment and the second air-conditioning circuit (2), the outlet end of the air-conditioning evaporator (208) is connected to the inlet end of the second air-conditioning compressor (201) ;as well as

A two-way valve (203), the first end of the two-way valve (203) is connected between the air conditioner evaporator (208) and the second air conditioner compressor (201), and the second end is connected to the between the indoor condenser (202) and the second outdoor condenser (206).
The vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system according to claim 3, wherein the second air-conditioning circuit (2) is provided with an adjustment branch, and when the heat pump air-conditioning system is in the heating mode, the adjustment branch is configured as To cool the refrigerant of the second air-conditioning circuit (2), the regulating branch includes:

Parallel branch one (21), the inlet end of the parallel branch one (21) is connected to the outlet end of the indoor condenser (202), and the parallel branch one (21) is provided with an electronic expansion valve four (204 ) and refrigerant heat exchanger two (205), the outlet port of the electronic expansion valve four (204) is connected to the inlet port of the refrigerant heat exchanger two (205), and the electronic expansion valve four (204) is configured as Regulate the refrigerant flow of the parallel branch one (21);

The second parallel branch (22), the second parallel branch (22) and the first parallel branch (21) are connected in parallel, and the second parallel branch (22) is provided with the second refrigerant heat exchanger (205 ).
The heat pump air-conditioning system for vehicles according to claim 2, wherein the first air-conditioning circuit (1) further includes a three-way valve (105), and the two ends of the three-way valve (105) are respectively connected to the outdoor condensation The outlet port of device one (104) and the inlet port of the first air conditioner compressor (101).
The heat pump air-conditioning system for vehicles according to claim 2, wherein the first air-conditioning circuit (1) further comprises a gas-liquid separator one (108), and the two ends of the gas-liquid separator one (108) are respectively communicated with The outlet port of the refrigerant heat exchanger one (107) and the inlet port of the first air conditioner compressor (101).
The heat pump air-conditioning system for vehicles according to claim 3, wherein the second air-conditioning circuit (2) further comprises a second gas-liquid separator (209), and the two ends of the second gas-liquid separator (209) are connected to each other. The outlet port of the air conditioner evaporator (208) and the inlet port of the second air conditioner compressor (201).
The vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system according to claim 4, wherein the four ports of the four-way reversing valve (3) are respectively connected to the outlet end of the first air-conditioning compressor (101), the electronic expansion valve One (103) inlet port, the outlet port of the parallel branch one (21) and the outlet port of the parallel branch two (22); when the four-way reversing valve (3) is connected in parallel with the first When the air-conditioning circuit (1) and the second air-conditioning circuit (2), the outlet end of the first air-conditioning compressor (101) is connected to the outlet end of the parallel branch one (21), the electronic expansion valve one The inlet end of (103) communicates with the outlet end of the parallel branch two (22).
The vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system according to claim 3, wherein the indoor condenser (202) is an air-cooled condenser or a water-cooled condenser.
An electric vehicle, comprising a vehicle-mounted cooling component, a passenger compartment, and the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system according to any one of claims 1-9; the second air-conditioning circuit (2) in the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is configured In order to meet the cooling demand and heating demand of the passenger compartment, the first air-conditioning circuit (1) in the vehicle heat pump air-conditioning system is configured to meet the cooling demand and heating demand of the vehicle cooling component.