WO2023284135A1 - Construction waste sorting device and method - Google Patents

Construction waste sorting device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023284135A1
WO2023284135A1 PCT/CN2021/122259 CN2021122259W WO2023284135A1 WO 2023284135 A1 WO2023284135 A1 WO 2023284135A1 CN 2021122259 W CN2021122259 W CN 2021122259W WO 2023284135 A1 WO2023284135 A1 WO 2023284135A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conveyor belt
sorting
air injection
materials
construction waste
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PCT/CN2021/122259
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张宝裕
王英俊
毕雪涛
杨建红
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福建南方路面机械股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023284135A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023284135A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/14—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with more than one separator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
    • B07C5/365—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
    • B07C5/366—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means during free fall of the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
    • B07C2501/0054—Sorting of waste or refuse
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/58—Construction or demolition [C&D] waste

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of construction waste sorting, in particular to a construction waste sorting device and method.
  • construction waste accounts for about 30%-40% of the total waste. After sorting, removing or crushing many wastes in construction waste, such as concrete, steel, wood, etc., can be reused as renewable resources. Therefore, it is necessary to classify and recycle construction waste to realize comprehensive utilization of resources.
  • the Chinese patent application publication number CN 10662296 A discloses a material sorting device and material sorting method based on image recognition.
  • the mixed material is sent out from the conveyor belt to obtain an image through the image acquisition module, and then the The high-pressure air gun at the corresponding position changes the falling path of the material, so that the material falls into different collection tanks to achieve classification.
  • the existing equipment has the following problems: the falling speed of the material from the conveyor belt is fast, and the area of the air injection port is small, so the action time of the air injection port on the material is short, the size of the material in the construction waste is different, and the lighter material It may be blown too far away, and the distance of heavier materials is not blown enough to accurately enter the corresponding collection tank, and the classification effect is not good.
  • the present invention provides a construction waste sorting device and method that are more accurate and can sort multiple materials.
  • a sorting equipment for construction waste characterized in that it includes a first conveyor belt, a vibration sorting box, a second conveyor belt, a high-pressure air injection device, a sorting bin, an image acquisition device, processor;
  • the vibration sorting box includes a box body, a valve, and a vibrator.
  • the box body includes a material inlet and a strip-shaped outlet. Facing the second conveyor belt, the valve is used to open and close the strip-shaped outlet, and the vibrator drives the box to vibrate, so that the materials in the box are arranged along the length direction at the strip-shaped outlet;
  • the high-pressure air injection device includes a number of horizontally arranged air injection ports and lifting platforms, each air injection port is provided with an independent switch, and each air injection port is installed on the lifting platform, and the lifting platform drives each air injection port to move up and down in the height position;
  • the high-pressure air injection device is equipped with Below the rear end of the second conveyor belt, the sorting bin is arranged below the rear side of the second conveyor belt and lower than each air injection port of the high-pressure air injection device, and the sorting bin includes a number of bins arranged in a row, The air jet blows out high-pressure air to change the falling distance of the material so as to choose to enter the first chamber;
  • the image acquisition device includes a first camera and a second camera, the first camera faces downwards towards the second conveyor belt to capture the distribution image of the material, and the second camera faces downward towards the sorting bin to capture the falling image of the material;
  • the processor connects the image acquisition device with the high-pressure jet device, sets the initial working parameters of the high-pressure jet device through the material distribution image, and adjusts the real-time working parameters of the high-pressure jet device through the falling image.
  • the second conveyor belt is provided with dividing strips in the width direction, and the dividing strips are provided with multiple groups. Fall between two adjacent dividers.
  • the air jets are densely arranged along the width direction of the second conveyor belt.
  • the vibrating box includes two inclined side plates, the two inclined side plates form a trapezoidal constriction structure with a large top and a small bottom, and the bottom edges of the two inclined side plates are respectively connected to the two long sides of the long strip discharge port.
  • first conveyor belt, the vibration sorting box, and the second conveyor belt work intermittently.
  • the vibrating screen also includes a crusher and a vibrating screen.
  • the material is sent into the vibrating screen after the particle size is shaped by the crusher.
  • the vibrating screen filters out fine particles and sends the remaining materials to the first conveyor belt.
  • Step 1 The first conveyor belt transports a part of the materials to be sorted into the box of the vibrating sorting box; the vibrator drives the box to vibrate, and the shaken materials will be dispersed and arranged along the length direction at the strip discharge port ;
  • Step 2 the valve is opened, the material falls onto the second conveyor belt, and the material is arranged along the width direction on the second conveyor belt;
  • Step 3 the second conveyor belt transports the material, first passes through the first camera, the first camera captures the distribution image of the material and sends it to the processor, the processor identifies the material type and distribution position through the image algorithm, calculates the volume and weight of the material, according to the Type, volume, weight and other data output the initial working parameters of the high-pressure air injection device, that is, the opening and closing status and opening time of the switches of each air injection port;
  • Step 4 The second conveyor belt sends the material to the end and then falls. At this time, the lifting platform is at the highest position. After the material falls into the range of the air jet, the lifting platform descends at the same time as the material falls, so that the material is in the process of falling. Keep within the action range of the air injection port; the switch of each air injection port works according to the predetermined initial working parameters, pushes the material at the corresponding position outward, changes the falling track of the material to enter the corresponding bin body of the sorting bin;
  • Step 5 Simultaneously with step 4, the second camera faces the sorting bin to continuously take pictures of the whereabouts of multiple materials and send them to the processor.
  • the processor obtains the real-time position information of each material and calculates the expected falling trajectory of the material at this time. According to the trajectory Information to adjust the parameters of the high-pressure air injection device, that is, to turn off the switches of each air injection port in advance or delay to change the expected falling trajectory, so as to ensure that the materials accurately fall into the corresponding bin of the sorting bin.
  • the construction waste sorting equipment and method provided by the present invention include the following advantages:
  • a vibrating sorting box is installed between the two sets of conveyor belts, and the vibrating materials are scattered and arranged in long strips at the long strip discharge port, and the materials are arranged in the width direction on the second conveyor belt, which can be combined with the high-pressure air injection device Corresponding to the position of each jet port, it is convenient for the processor to design more accurate initial working parameters of the high-pressure jet device;
  • the lifting platform of the high-pressure air injection device descends at a speed close to free fall, and the vertical velocity of the air injection port is consistent with the falling material, so that the material can be kept within the range of the air injection port during the falling process, and the air injection port is always facing Materials should be kept in the same direction of force to ensure that the wind has sufficient thrust; due to the following state of the air jet, it is only necessary to set the opening and closing state and opening and closing time of the air jet switch in the design of the initial working state of the high-pressure air jet device, compared with the use of control The way of adjusting the thrust of the air volume is easier to calculate, design and control, and the reliability is better.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a sorting equipment for construction waste according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a partial structural diagram of the vibration sorting box of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the high-pressure air injection device of the present invention.
  • the markings in the figure correspond to the following: 1. Crusher, 2. Vibrating screen, 3. The first conveyor belt, 4. Vibrating sorting box, 41. Box body, 411. Feed inlet, 412. Strip outlet, 413. Inclined side plate, 42. Valve, 43. Vibrator, 5. Second conveyor belt, 51. Divider, 6. High-pressure air injection device, 61. Air injection port, 62. Lifting table, 63. Switch, 7. Point Bin selection, 71. bin body, 8. image acquisition device, 81. first camera, 82. second camera, 9. processor.
  • a construction waste sorting equipment includes a crusher 1, a vibrating screen 2, a first conveyor belt 3, a vibration sorting box 4, a second conveyor belt 5, a high-pressure air injection device 6, and a sorting machine.
  • the vibration sorting box 4 is arranged below the output end of the first conveyor belt 3;
  • the input end of the second conveyor belt 5 is arranged under the vibration sorting box 4;
  • the sorting bin 7 is arranged below the output end of the second conveyor belt 5;
  • the image acquisition device 8 is arranged on one side of the second conveyor belt 5 and is electrically connected to the processor 9;
  • the material is sent to the vibrating screen 2 after the particle size is shaped by the crusher 1, and the vibrating screen 2 filters out the fine particles and then sends the remaining materials to the first conveyor belt 3;
  • the vibration sorting box 4 includes a box body 41, a valve 42, and a vibrator 43; the box body 41 is provided with a feed port 411, a strip-shaped discharge port 412, and an inclined side plate 413, and the feed port 411 corresponds to accept the first For the material sent by the first conveyor belt 3, the strip-shaped discharge port 412 faces the second conveyor belt 5, and two inclined side plates 413 are provided.
  • the bottom edge of block inclined side plate 413 is respectively connected two long sides of elongated discharge opening 412, and described valve 42 is used for opening and closing elongated discharge opening 412, and vibrator 43 drives casing 41 to vibrate, and then makes The materials in the box body 41 are arranged along the length direction at the strip discharge port 412;
  • the second conveyor belt 5 is provided with dividing strips 51 in the width direction, and the dividing strips 51 are provided with multiple groups.
  • the sent material falls between two adjacent partition bars 51;
  • the high-pressure air injection device 6 comprises some air injection ports 61 and lifting platforms 62 arranged horizontally, each air injection opening is provided with an independent switch 63 respectively, each air injection opening 61 is installed on the lifting platform 62 and each air injection opening 61 is arranged along the width of the second conveyor belt 5
  • High-pressure air injection device 6 is located at the second Below the rear end of the conveyor belt 5, the sorting bin 7 is arranged below the rear side of the second conveyor belt 5 and lower than each air injection port 61 of the high-pressure air jet device 6, and the sorting bin 7 includes several arranged bins body 71, the air jet port 61 blows out high-pressure gas to change the falling distance of the material to selectively enter a warehouse body 71;
  • the image acquisition device 8 includes a first camera 81 and a second camera 82, the first camera 81 is directed downwards towards the second conveyor belt 5 to capture the distribution image of the material, and the second camera 82 is directed downwards towards the sorting bin 7 for taking images of the material's whereabouts;
  • the processor 9 connects the image acquisition device 8 and the high-pressure jet device 6, sets the initial working parameters of the high-pressure jet device 6 through the material distribution image, and adjusts the real-time working parameters of the high-pressure jet device 8 through the falling image.
  • the first conveyor belt 3, the vibration sorting box 4, and the second conveyor belt 5 work intermittently.
  • a method for sorting construction waste comprising the steps of:
  • Step 1 the construction waste is sent to the crusher 1 for particle size shaping, and the oversized material is broken into small pieces to ensure that the material can pass through the long strip discharge port 412, and the broken material enters the vibrating screen 2 for vibration.
  • the sieve 2 sieves and removes the particles that are too fine, and the remaining materials enter the first conveyor belt 3;
  • Step 2 the first conveyor belt 3 adopts intermittent conveying, and the first conveyor belt 3 transports a part of the materials to be sorted into the vibration sorting box 4 and then pauses; Under the constraint of the side plate 413, the shaking materials will be dispersed and arranged along the length direction at the strip discharge port 412;
  • Step 3 after the vibration sorting is completed, the valve 42 is opened, the material falls on the second conveyor belt 5 and is between the two partition bars 51, and the material is arranged in the width direction on the second conveyor belt 5; then the valve 42 Close, and repeat the steps of step 2;
  • Step 4 the second conveyor belt 5 adopts intermittent conveying to adapt to Step 3, the material first arrives under the first camera 81, the first camera 81 captures the distribution image of the material and sends it to the processor 9, and the processor 9 passes the AI image algorithm Identify the material type (cement block, red brick, cement red brick adhesive mixture), distribution position (the position distribution of each material in the width direction, so as to determine the corresponding air injection port 61 of the material), and calculate the volume and weight of the material (using the equivalent ellipse
  • the Feret diameter is used as the particle size of the identified material, the volume is represented by the product of the area and the particle size, and the product of the volume and the preset density of the material type is used to represent the weight), and the initial value of the high-pressure air injection device 6 is calculated and output according to the material type, volume, weight and other data.
  • Sorting bin 7 comprises cement block bin, red brick bin, cement red brick bonding mixing bin;
  • Step 5 With the conveying of the second conveyor belt 5, the material falls after reaching the end of the second conveyor belt 5.
  • the lifting table 62 provided with the high-pressure air injection device 6 is at the highest position, and the material falls to the range of action of the air injection port 61
  • the lifting platform 62 descends while the material is falling, and the lifting platform 62 adopts an accelerated descent with an acceleration of g, so that the air jet 61 descends at a speed close to free fall, so that the material can be kept at the air jet 61 during the falling process.
  • each air injection port 61 work according to the predetermined initial working parameters, and the air injection port 61 blows out horizontally, pushing the material at the corresponding position outward, and the longer the opening time of the air injection port 61, the material is pushed outward The farther the distance is, the material falling track is changed to enter the corresponding bin body 71 of the sorting bin 7;
  • Step 6 at the same time as Step 4, since the original data of the initial working parameter setting is obtained through calculation based on the 2D image taken by the first camera 81, there is a certain amount of error, and the actual trajectory of the falling material may deviate from the expected trajectory.
  • the second camera 82 continuously shoots a plurality of material’s whereabouts images towards the sorting bin 7 and sends them to the processor 9, and the processor 9 obtains the real-time position information of each material, calculates The actual falling trajectory of the material at this time and the next expected falling trajectory are obtained, and the parameters of the high-pressure air injection device 6 are adjusted according to the trajectory information, that is, the switches 63 of each air injection port 61 are closed in advance or delayed to change the expected falling trajectory to ensure that the material falls accurately.
  • the switches 63 of each air injection port 61 are closed in advance or delayed to change the expected falling trajectory to ensure that the material falls accurately.
  • Step 7 after one round of sorting is completed, the lifting platform 7 rises to the highest position to prepare for the next round of sorting.
  • the construction waste sorting equipment and method of the present invention by setting a vibrating sorting box between two groups of conveyor belts, the shaken materials are dispersed in strips at the strip-shaped discharge port, and the materials are formed on the second conveyor belt along the width
  • the shape of the direction arrangement can correspond to the position of each air injection port of the high-pressure air injection device, and the processor designs more accurate initial working parameters of the high-pressure air injection device, so as to ensure that the materials accurately fall into the corresponding bin of the sorting bin.
  • the invention has a wide application range and good industrial applicability.

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  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of construction waste sorting, and in particular, to a construction waste sorting device and method. The device comprises a first conveyor belt, a vibration sequencing box, a second conveyor belt, a high-pressure jet apparatus, a sorting bin, an image acquisition apparatus, and a processor. The vibration sequencing box enables materials to be arranged along the length direction at a strip-shaped discharge port. A lifting platform of the high-pressure jet apparatus drives each jet port to ascend and descend in the height position, and the jet port blows out high-pressure air to change the falling distance of the materials so as to select to enter a bin body. The image acquisition device captures a distribution image of the materials and a falling image of the materials. The processor sets an initial working parameter of the high-pressure jet apparatus by means of the distribution image of the materials, and adjusts the real-time working parameter of the high-pressure jet apparatus by means of the falling image. The lifting platform descends at a speed close to the free fall, such that the materials remain in the action range of the jet port in the falling process.

Description

一种建筑垃圾分选设备及方法Equipment and method for sorting construction waste 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及建筑垃圾分选技术领域，特别涉及一种建筑垃圾分选设备及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of construction waste sorting, in particular to a construction waste sorting device and method.
背景技术Background technique
我国是世界上最大的建筑市场，城市建设中垃圾产生和排出的数量也在快速增长，其中，建筑垃圾约占垃圾总量的30％-40％。建筑垃圾中的许多废弃物经分拣、剔除或粉碎后，类似混凝土、钢材、木材等是可以作为再生资源重新利用的，因此就需要对建筑垃圾进行分类并回收，实现资源化综合利用。my country is the largest construction market in the world, and the amount of waste generated and discharged during urban construction is also growing rapidly. Among them, construction waste accounts for about 30%-40% of the total waste. After sorting, removing or crushing many wastes in construction waste, such as concrete, steel, wood, etc., can be reused as renewable resources. Therefore, it is necessary to classify and recycle construction waste to realize comprehensive utilization of resources.
为提高分选效率，申请公布号为CN 10662296 A的中国专利公开了一种基于图像识别的物料分选装置及物料分选方法，混合料从输送带送出使通过图像获取模块获取图像，再开启对应位置的高压风枪改变物料下落路径，使物料落入不同的收集槽内实现分类。现有的设备存在以下问题：物料从输送带下落的速度较快，而喷气口的面积较小，因此喷气口对物料的作用时间较短，建筑垃圾中物料的大小不一，较轻的物料可能会被吹送得距离过远，较重的物料被吹送的距离不够，无法准确的进入到对应的收集槽内，分类效果不佳。In order to improve the sorting efficiency, the Chinese patent application publication number CN 10662296 A discloses a material sorting device and material sorting method based on image recognition. The mixed material is sent out from the conveyor belt to obtain an image through the image acquisition module, and then the The high-pressure air gun at the corresponding position changes the falling path of the material, so that the material falls into different collection tanks to achieve classification. The existing equipment has the following problems: the falling speed of the material from the conveyor belt is fast, and the area of the air injection port is small, so the action time of the air injection port on the material is short, the size of the material in the construction waste is different, and the lighter material It may be blown too far away, and the distance of heavier materials is not blown enough to accurately enter the corresponding collection tank, and the classification effect is not good.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为克服现有技术中的不足，本发明提供一种更精准、可分选多种物料的建筑垃圾分选设备及方法。In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a construction waste sorting device and method that are more accurate and can sort multiple materials.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种建筑垃圾分选设备，其特征在于：包括第一输送带、振动排序箱、第二输送带、高压喷气装置、分选仓、图像采集装置、处理器；In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a sorting equipment for construction waste, characterized in that it includes a first conveyor belt, a vibration sorting box, a second conveyor belt, a high-pressure air injection device, a sorting bin, an image acquisition device, processor;
振动排序箱包括箱体、阀门、振动器，所述箱体包括进料口、长条形出料口，所述进料口对应承接第一输送带送入的物料，长条形出料口朝向第二输送带，所述阀门用于开闭长条形出料口，振动器带动箱体振动，进而使箱体内的物料在长条形出料口处沿长度方向排列；The vibration sorting box includes a box body, a valve, and a vibrator. The box body includes a material inlet and a strip-shaped outlet. Facing the second conveyor belt, the valve is used to open and close the strip-shaped outlet, and the vibrator drives the box to vibrate, so that the materials in the box are arranged along the length direction at the strip-shaped outlet;
高压喷气装置包括若干横向排列的喷气口、升降台，各喷气口分别设有独立的开关，各喷气口安装于升降台上，升降台带动各喷气口在高度位置上升降移动；高压喷气装置设于第二输送带后端的下方，所述分选仓设于第二输送带后侧的下方且低于高压喷气装置的的各喷气口布置，所述分选仓包括若干排列设置的仓体，喷气口吹出高压气改变物料下落距离以选择进入一仓体内；The high-pressure air injection device includes a number of horizontally arranged air injection ports and lifting platforms, each air injection port is provided with an independent switch, and each air injection port is installed on the lifting platform, and the lifting platform drives each air injection port to move up and down in the height position; the high-pressure air injection device is equipped with Below the rear end of the second conveyor belt, the sorting bin is arranged below the rear side of the second conveyor belt and lower than each air injection port of the high-pressure air injection device, and the sorting bin includes a number of bins arranged in a row, The air jet blows out high-pressure air to change the falling distance of the material so as to choose to enter the first chamber;
图像采集装置包括第一摄像头、第二摄像头，所述第一摄像头向下朝向第二输送带以拍摄物料的分布图像，所述第二摄像头向下朝向分选仓以拍摄物料的下落图像；The image acquisition device includes a first camera and a second camera, the first camera faces downwards towards the second conveyor belt to capture the distribution image of the material, and the second camera faces downward towards the sorting bin to capture the falling image of the material;
处理器连接图像采集装置与高压喷气装置，通过物料的分布图像设定高压喷气装置初始工作参数，通过下落图像调整高压喷气装置实时工作参数。The processor connects the image acquisition device with the high-pressure jet device, sets the initial working parameters of the high-pressure jet device through the material distribution image, and adjusts the real-time working parameters of the high-pressure jet device through the falling image.
进一步的，第二输送带在宽度方向上设置分隔条，所述分隔条设 有多组，各分隔条沿第二输送带长度方向平行等间距的排列设置，长条形出料口送出的物料落入相邻两分隔条之间。Further, the second conveyor belt is provided with dividing strips in the width direction, and the dividing strips are provided with multiple groups. Fall between two adjacent dividers.
进一步的，喷气口沿第二输送带宽度方向密集排列设置。Further, the air jets are densely arranged along the width direction of the second conveyor belt.
进一步的，振动箱包括两块倾斜侧板，两块倾斜侧板形成上大下小的梯形缩口结构，两块倾斜侧板的底边分别连接长条形出料口的两条长边。Further, the vibrating box includes two inclined side plates, the two inclined side plates form a trapezoidal constriction structure with a large top and a small bottom, and the bottom edges of the two inclined side plates are respectively connected to the two long sides of the long strip discharge port.
进一步的，第一输送带、振动排序箱、第二输送带为间歇式工作。Further, the first conveyor belt, the vibration sorting box, and the second conveyor belt work intermittently.
进一步的，还包括破碎机、振动筛网，物料经由破碎机进行粒径整形后送入振动筛网内，振动筛网滤除细碎颗粒后将余下物料送入第一输送带上。Further, it also includes a crusher and a vibrating screen. The material is sent into the vibrating screen after the particle size is shaped by the crusher. The vibrating screen filters out fine particles and sends the remaining materials to the first conveyor belt.
进一步的，所述升降台采用加速下降，其下降速度v＝gt，g取9.8m/s 2。 Further, the lifting platform adopts accelerated descent, and its descending speed v=gt, g is 9.8m/s 2 .
一种建筑垃圾分选方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：A construction waste sorting method is characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
步骤一，第一输送带将一部分待分选物料运送入振动排序箱的箱体内；振动器带动箱体振动，抖动的物料将会分散开，并在长条形出料口处沿长度方向排列；Step 1: The first conveyor belt transports a part of the materials to be sorted into the box of the vibrating sorting box; the vibrator drives the box to vibrate, and the shaken materials will be dispersed and arranged along the length direction at the strip discharge port ;
步骤二，阀门开启，物料落入第二输送带上，且物料在第二输送带形成上沿宽度方向排布的形态； Step 2, the valve is opened, the material falls onto the second conveyor belt, and the material is arranged along the width direction on the second conveyor belt;
步骤三，第二输送带输送物料，先经过第一摄像头，第一摄像头拍摄物料的分布图像并发送至处理器，处理器通过图像算法识别物料类型、分布位置，计算物料体积、重量，根据物料类型、体积、重量等数据输出高压喷气装置的初始工作参数，即各喷气口的开关的开闭 状态及开启时间； Step 3, the second conveyor belt transports the material, first passes through the first camera, the first camera captures the distribution image of the material and sends it to the processor, the processor identifies the material type and distribution position through the image algorithm, calculates the volume and weight of the material, according to the Type, volume, weight and other data output the initial working parameters of the high-pressure air injection device, that is, the opening and closing status and opening time of the switches of each air injection port;
步骤四，第二输送带将物料送至末端后掉落，此时升降台处于最高位，物料掉落至喷气口作用范围内后，物料掉落的同时升降台进行下降，使物料在下落过程中保持处于喷气口作用范围内；各喷气口的开关按预定初始工作参数工作，将对应位置的物料向外推送，改变物料下落轨迹以进入分选仓的对应仓体内；Step 4: The second conveyor belt sends the material to the end and then falls. At this time, the lifting platform is at the highest position. After the material falls into the range of the air jet, the lifting platform descends at the same time as the material falls, so that the material is in the process of falling. Keep within the action range of the air injection port; the switch of each air injection port works according to the predetermined initial working parameters, pushes the material at the corresponding position outward, changes the falling track of the material to enter the corresponding bin body of the sorting bin;
步骤五，与步骤四同时，第二摄像头朝向分选仓进行连续拍摄多张物料的下落图像并发送至处理器，处理器获取各物料实时位置信息，计算物料此时的预计下落轨迹，根据轨迹信息调整高压喷气装置参数，即提前或延时关闭各喷气口的开关进而改变预计下落轨迹，保证物料准确落入分选仓对应的仓体内。 Step 5. Simultaneously with step 4, the second camera faces the sorting bin to continuously take pictures of the whereabouts of multiple materials and send them to the processor. The processor obtains the real-time position information of each material and calculates the expected falling trajectory of the material at this time. According to the trajectory Information to adjust the parameters of the high-pressure air injection device, that is, to turn off the switches of each air injection port in advance or delay to change the expected falling trajectory, so as to ensure that the materials accurately fall into the corresponding bin of the sorting bin.
由上述对本发明的描述可知，与现有技术相比，本发明提供的一种建筑垃圾分选设备及方法，其包括如下优点：From the above description of the present invention, it can be seen that compared with the prior art, the construction waste sorting equipment and method provided by the present invention include the following advantages:
a.在两组输送带间设置振动排序箱，抖动的物料在长条形出料口分散成长条状排列，物料在第二输送带形成上沿宽度方向排布的形态，可与高压喷气装置的各喷气口位置对应，便于处理器设计更为准确的高压喷气装置初始工作参数；a. A vibrating sorting box is installed between the two sets of conveyor belts, and the vibrating materials are scattered and arranged in long strips at the long strip discharge port, and the materials are arranged in the width direction on the second conveyor belt, which can be combined with the high-pressure air injection device Corresponding to the position of each jet port, it is convenient for the processor to design more accurate initial working parameters of the high-pressure jet device;
b.高压喷气装置的升降台以接近自由落体的速度下降，喷气口与物料下落的竖向分速度保持一致，进而可使物料在下落过程中保持处于喷气口作用范围内，喷气口始终正朝向物料，保持受力方向一致，保证风力具有足够的推力；由于喷气口的跟随状态，因此在设计高压 喷气装置初始工作状态只需要设置喷气口开关的开闭状态及开闭时间，相比采用控制出风量的调整推力的方式，更易于计算设计与控制，可靠性更好。b. The lifting platform of the high-pressure air injection device descends at a speed close to free fall, and the vertical velocity of the air injection port is consistent with the falling material, so that the material can be kept within the range of the air injection port during the falling process, and the air injection port is always facing Materials should be kept in the same direction of force to ensure that the wind has sufficient thrust; due to the following state of the air jet, it is only necessary to set the opening and closing state and opening and closing time of the air jet switch in the design of the initial working state of the high-pressure air jet device, compared with the use of control The way of adjusting the thrust of the air volume is easier to calculate, design and control, and the reliability is better.
c.设置第二摄像头拍摄物料下落状态图像，通过物料实际轨迹修正高压喷气装置的参数，修正了初始工作参数的计算误差，通过处理器二次计算进行调整高压喷气装置工作参数，修正物料下落轨迹，保证物料准确落入分选仓对应的仓体内。c. Set the second camera to capture the image of the falling state of the material, correct the parameters of the high-pressure jet device through the actual trajectory of the material, correct the calculation error of the initial working parameters, adjust the working parameters of the high-pressure jet device through the secondary calculation of the processor, and correct the falling track of the material , to ensure that the materials accurately fall into the bins corresponding to the sorting bins.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种建筑垃圾分选设备结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a sorting equipment for construction waste according to the present invention.
图2为本发明振动排序箱部分结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a partial structural diagram of the vibration sorting box of the present invention.
图3为本发明高压喷气装置部分结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the high-pressure air injection device of the present invention.
图中标识对应如下：1.破碎机、2.振动筛网、3.第一输送带、4.振动排序箱、41.箱体、411.进料口、412.长条形出料口、413.倾斜侧板、42.阀门、43.振动器、5.第二输送带、51.分隔条、6.高压喷气装置、61.喷气口、62.升降台、63.开关、7.分选仓、71.仓体、8.图像采集装置、81.第一摄像头、82.第二摄像头、9.处理器。The markings in the figure correspond to the following: 1. Crusher, 2. Vibrating screen, 3. The first conveyor belt, 4. Vibrating sorting box, 41. Box body, 411. Feed inlet, 412. Strip outlet, 413. Inclined side plate, 42. Valve, 43. Vibrator, 5. Second conveyor belt, 51. Divider, 6. High-pressure air injection device, 61. Air injection port, 62. Lifting table, 63. Switch, 7. Point Bin selection, 71. bin body, 8. image acquisition device, 81. first camera, 82. second camera, 9. processor.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述。The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.
参照图1至图3所示，一种建筑垃圾分选设备，包括破碎机1、振动筛网2、第一输送带3、振动排序箱4、第二输送带5、高压喷气 装置6、分选仓7、图像采集装置8和处理器9；所述振动排序箱4设置在第一输送带3的输出端下方；所述第二输送带5的输入端设置在振动排序箱4的下方；所述分选仓7设置在第二输送带5的输出端下方；所述图像采集装置8设置在第二输送带5的一侧，与处理器9电连接；Referring to Figures 1 to 3, a construction waste sorting equipment includes a crusher 1, a vibrating screen 2, a first conveyor belt 3, a vibration sorting box 4, a second conveyor belt 5, a high-pressure air injection device 6, and a sorting machine. Bin selection 7, image acquisition device 8 and processor 9; the vibration sorting box 4 is arranged below the output end of the first conveyor belt 3; the input end of the second conveyor belt 5 is arranged under the vibration sorting box 4; The sorting bin 7 is arranged below the output end of the second conveyor belt 5; the image acquisition device 8 is arranged on one side of the second conveyor belt 5 and is electrically connected to the processor 9;
物料经由破碎机1进行粒径整形后送入振动筛网2内，振动筛网2滤除细碎颗粒后将余下物料送入第一输送带3上；The material is sent to the vibrating screen 2 after the particle size is shaped by the crusher 1, and the vibrating screen 2 filters out the fine particles and then sends the remaining materials to the first conveyor belt 3;
振动排序箱4包括箱体41、阀门42、振动器43；所述箱体41设有进料口411、长条形出料口412、倾斜侧板413，所述进料口411对应承接第一输送带3送入的物料，长条形出料口412朝向第二输送带5，倾斜侧板413设有两块，两块倾斜侧板413形成上大下小的梯形缩口结构，两块倾斜侧板413的底边分别连接长条形出料口412的两条长边，所述阀门42用于开闭长条形出料口412，振动器43带动箱体41振动，进而使箱体41内的物料在长条形出料口412处沿长度方向排列；The vibration sorting box 4 includes a box body 41, a valve 42, and a vibrator 43; the box body 41 is provided with a feed port 411, a strip-shaped discharge port 412, and an inclined side plate 413, and the feed port 411 corresponds to accept the first For the material sent by the first conveyor belt 3, the strip-shaped discharge port 412 faces the second conveyor belt 5, and two inclined side plates 413 are provided. The bottom edge of block inclined side plate 413 is respectively connected two long sides of elongated discharge opening 412, and described valve 42 is used for opening and closing elongated discharge opening 412, and vibrator 43 drives casing 41 to vibrate, and then makes The materials in the box body 41 are arranged along the length direction at the strip discharge port 412;
第二输送带5在宽度方向上设置分隔条51，所述分隔条51设有多组，各分隔条51沿第二输送带5长度方向平行等间距的排列设置，长条形出料口412送出的物料落入相邻两分隔条51之间；The second conveyor belt 5 is provided with dividing strips 51 in the width direction, and the dividing strips 51 are provided with multiple groups. The sent material falls between two adjacent partition bars 51;
高压喷气装置6包括若干横向排列的喷气口61、升降台62，各喷气口分别设有独立的开关63，各喷气口61安装于升降台62上且各喷气口61沿第二输送带5宽度方向密集排列设置，升降台62带动各喷气口62在高度位置上升降移动，升降台62采用加速下降，其下 降速度v＝gt，g取9.8m/s 2；高压喷气装置6设于第二输送带5后端的下方，所述分选仓7设于第二输送带5后侧的下方且低于高压喷气装置6的各喷气口61布置，所述分选仓7包括若干排列设置的仓体71，喷气口61吹出高压气改变物料下落距离以选择进入一仓体71内； The high-pressure air injection device 6 comprises some air injection ports 61 and lifting platforms 62 arranged horizontally, each air injection opening is provided with an independent switch 63 respectively, each air injection opening 61 is installed on the lifting platform 62 and each air injection opening 61 is arranged along the width of the second conveyor belt 5 The direction is densely arranged and arranged, and the lifting table 62 drives each air jet port 62 to move up and down on the height position, and the lifting table 62 adopts accelerated descent, and its descending speed v=gt, g gets 9.8m/s 2 ; High-pressure air injection device 6 is located at the second Below the rear end of the conveyor belt 5, the sorting bin 7 is arranged below the rear side of the second conveyor belt 5 and lower than each air injection port 61 of the high-pressure air jet device 6, and the sorting bin 7 includes several arranged bins body 71, the air jet port 61 blows out high-pressure gas to change the falling distance of the material to selectively enter a warehouse body 71;
图像采集装置8包括第一摄像头81、第二摄像头82，所述第一摄像头81向下朝向第二输送带5以拍摄物料的分布图像，所述第二摄像头82向下朝向分选仓7以拍摄物料的下落图像；The image acquisition device 8 includes a first camera 81 and a second camera 82, the first camera 81 is directed downwards towards the second conveyor belt 5 to capture the distribution image of the material, and the second camera 82 is directed downwards towards the sorting bin 7 for taking images of the material's whereabouts;
处理器9连接图像采集装置8与高压喷气装置6，通过物料的分布图像设定高压喷气装置6初始工作参数，通过下落图像调整高压喷气装置8实时工作参数。The processor 9 connects the image acquisition device 8 and the high-pressure jet device 6, sets the initial working parameters of the high-pressure jet device 6 through the material distribution image, and adjusts the real-time working parameters of the high-pressure jet device 8 through the falling image.
第一输送带3、振动排序箱4、第二输送带5为间歇式工作。The first conveyor belt 3, the vibration sorting box 4, and the second conveyor belt 5 work intermittently.
以包含水泥块、红砖的建筑垃圾为例。Take construction waste including cement blocks and red bricks as an example.
一种建筑垃圾分选方法，包括如下步骤：A method for sorting construction waste, comprising the steps of:
步骤一，建筑垃圾送入破碎机1中进行粒径整形，将过大的物料破碎为小块，以保证物料可通过长条形出料口412，破碎后的物料进入振动筛网2，振动筛网2将过于细碎的颗粒筛分排除，余下物料进入第一输送带3上；Step 1, the construction waste is sent to the crusher 1 for particle size shaping, and the oversized material is broken into small pieces to ensure that the material can pass through the long strip discharge port 412, and the broken material enters the vibrating screen 2 for vibration. The sieve 2 sieves and removes the particles that are too fine, and the remaining materials enter the first conveyor belt 3;
步骤二，第一输送带3采用间歇式输送，第一输送带3运送一部分待分选物料进入振动排序箱4内后暂停；振动器43带动箱体41进行一段时间的振动，在两块倾斜侧板413的约束下，抖动的物料将会分散开，并在长条形出料口412处沿长度方向排列； Step 2, the first conveyor belt 3 adopts intermittent conveying, and the first conveyor belt 3 transports a part of the materials to be sorted into the vibration sorting box 4 and then pauses; Under the constraint of the side plate 413, the shaking materials will be dispersed and arranged along the length direction at the strip discharge port 412;
步骤三，完成振动排序后，阀门42开启，物料落入第二输送带 5上并处于两分隔条51之间，物料在第二输送带5形成上沿宽度方向排布的形态；而后阀门42关闭，并重复步骤二的步骤； Step 3, after the vibration sorting is completed, the valve 42 is opened, the material falls on the second conveyor belt 5 and is between the two partition bars 51, and the material is arranged in the width direction on the second conveyor belt 5; then the valve 42 Close, and repeat the steps of step 2;
步骤四，第二输送带5采用间歇式输送以适配步骤三，物料先到达第一摄像头81下方，第一摄像头81拍摄物料的分布图像并发送至处理器9，处理器9通过AI图像算法识别物料类型(水泥块、红砖、水泥红砖黏合混料)、分布位置(各物料在宽度方向的位置分布，以确定物料对应的喷气口61)，计算物料体积、重量(采用等效椭圆Feret径作为识别物料的粒径，体积用面积与粒径的乘积进行表示，体积与物料类型预设密度的乘积表示重量)，根据物料类型、体积、重量等数据计算输出高压喷气装置6的初始工作参数，即各喷气口61的开关63的开闭状态及开启时间，初始工作参数调整后，形成的各物料下落的预估轨迹，可使物料落入分选仓7对应的仓体71，分选仓7包括水泥块仓、红砖仓、水泥红砖黏合混料仓； Step 4, the second conveyor belt 5 adopts intermittent conveying to adapt to Step 3, the material first arrives under the first camera 81, the first camera 81 captures the distribution image of the material and sends it to the processor 9, and the processor 9 passes the AI image algorithm Identify the material type (cement block, red brick, cement red brick adhesive mixture), distribution position (the position distribution of each material in the width direction, so as to determine the corresponding air injection port 61 of the material), and calculate the volume and weight of the material (using the equivalent ellipse The Feret diameter is used as the particle size of the identified material, the volume is represented by the product of the area and the particle size, and the product of the volume and the preset density of the material type is used to represent the weight), and the initial value of the high-pressure air injection device 6 is calculated and output according to the material type, volume, weight and other data. Working parameters, that is, the opening and closing state and opening time of the switch 63 of each air injection port 61, after the initial working parameters are adjusted, the estimated trajectory of the whereabouts of each material formed can make the material fall into the bin body 71 corresponding to the sorting bin 7, Sorting bin 7 comprises cement block bin, red brick bin, cement red brick bonding mixing bin;
步骤五，随着第二输送带5的输送，物料达到第二输送带5末端后掉落，此时设置有高压喷气装置6的升降台62处于最高位，物料掉落至喷气口61作用范围内后，物料掉落的同时升降台62进行下降，升降台62采用加速度为g的加速下降，使得喷气口61以接近自由落体的速度下降，因而可使物料在下落过程中保持处于喷气口61作用范围内；下降过程中，各喷气口61的开关63按预定初始工作参数工作，喷气口61横向吹出，将对应位置的物料向外推送，喷气口61开启时间越长则物料被朝外推送的距离越远，改变物料下落轨迹以进入分选仓7的对应仓体71内；Step 5: With the conveying of the second conveyor belt 5, the material falls after reaching the end of the second conveyor belt 5. At this time, the lifting table 62 provided with the high-pressure air injection device 6 is at the highest position, and the material falls to the range of action of the air injection port 61 After falling, the lifting platform 62 descends while the material is falling, and the lifting platform 62 adopts an accelerated descent with an acceleration of g, so that the air jet 61 descends at a speed close to free fall, so that the material can be kept at the air jet 61 during the falling process. Within the scope of action; during the descent process, the switches 63 of each air injection port 61 work according to the predetermined initial working parameters, and the air injection port 61 blows out horizontally, pushing the material at the corresponding position outward, and the longer the opening time of the air injection port 61, the material is pushed outward The farther the distance is, the material falling track is changed to enter the corresponding bin body 71 of the sorting bin 7;
步骤六，与步骤四同时，由于初始工作参数的设定的原始数据是根据第一摄像头81拍摄的2D图像通过计算获得，存在一定的误差量，物料下落的实际轨迹可能与预计轨迹存在偏差，因此需要进行修正；在物料下落的前半段时间内，第二摄像头82朝向分选仓7进行连续拍摄多张物料的下落图像并发送至处理器9，处理器9获取各物料实时位置信息，计算物料此时实际下落轨迹并得出接下去的预计下落轨迹，根据轨迹信息调整高压喷气装置6参数，即提前或延时关闭各喷气口61的开关63进而改变预计下落轨迹，保证物料准确落入分选仓7对应的仓体71内。 Step 6, at the same time as Step 4, since the original data of the initial working parameter setting is obtained through calculation based on the 2D image taken by the first camera 81, there is a certain amount of error, and the actual trajectory of the falling material may deviate from the expected trajectory. Therefore, it needs to be corrected; during the first half of the material’s whereabouts, the second camera 82 continuously shoots a plurality of material’s whereabouts images towards the sorting bin 7 and sends them to the processor 9, and the processor 9 obtains the real-time position information of each material, calculates The actual falling trajectory of the material at this time and the next expected falling trajectory are obtained, and the parameters of the high-pressure air injection device 6 are adjusted according to the trajectory information, that is, the switches 63 of each air injection port 61 are closed in advance or delayed to change the expected falling trajectory to ensure that the material falls accurately. Inside the bin body 71 corresponding to the sorting bin 7 .
步骤七，完成一轮分选后，升降台7上升至最高位置以备下轮分选工作。 Step 7, after one round of sorting is completed, the lifting platform 7 rises to the highest position to prepare for the next round of sorting.
上述仅为本发明的一种具体实施方式，但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此，凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动，均应属于侵犯本发明保护范围的行为。The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial changes made to the present invention by using this concept should be an act of violating the protection scope of the present invention.
工业实用性Industrial Applicability
本发明一种建筑垃圾分选设备及方法，通过在两组输送带间设置振动排序箱，抖动的物料在长条形出料口分散成长条状排列，物料在第二输送带形成上沿宽度方向排布的形态，可与高压喷气装置的各喷气口位置对应，处理器设计更为准确的高压喷气装置初始工作参数，从而保证物料准确落入分选仓对应的仓体内。本发明适用范围广，具 有良好的工业实用性。The construction waste sorting equipment and method of the present invention, by setting a vibrating sorting box between two groups of conveyor belts, the shaken materials are dispersed in strips at the strip-shaped discharge port, and the materials are formed on the second conveyor belt along the width The shape of the direction arrangement can correspond to the position of each air injection port of the high-pressure air injection device, and the processor designs more accurate initial working parameters of the high-pressure air injection device, so as to ensure that the materials accurately fall into the corresponding bin of the sorting bin. The invention has a wide application range and good industrial applicability.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种建筑垃圾分选设备，其特征在于：包括第一输送带、振动排序箱、第二输送带、高压喷气装置、分选仓、图像采集装置和处理器；A sorting equipment for construction waste, characterized in that it includes a first conveyor belt, a vibration sorting box, a second conveyor belt, a high-pressure air injection device, a sorting bin, an image acquisition device and a processor;
    所述振动排序箱设置在第一输送带的输出端下方；所述第二输送带的输入端设置在振动排序箱的下方；所述分选仓设置在第二输送带的输出端下方；所述图像采集装置设置在第二输送带的一侧，与处理器电连接；The vibration sorting box is arranged below the output end of the first conveyor belt; the input end of the second conveyor belt is arranged under the vibration sorting box; the sorting bin is arranged under the output end of the second conveyor belt; The image acquisition device is arranged on one side of the second conveyor belt and is electrically connected to the processor;
    所述振动排序箱包括箱体、阀门、振动器；所述箱体设有进料口、长条形出料口，所述进料口对应承接第一输送带送入的物料，长条形出料口朝向第二输送带；所述阀门用于开闭长条形出料口；所述振动器带动箱体振动，进而使箱体内的物料在长条形出料口处沿长度方向排列；The vibration sorting box includes a box body, a valve, and a vibrator; the box body is provided with a material inlet and a strip-shaped outlet. The discharge port faces the second conveyor belt; the valve is used to open and close the strip-shaped discharge port; the vibrator drives the box to vibrate, so that the materials in the box are arranged along the length direction at the strip-shaped discharge port ;
    所述高压喷气装置包括若干横向排列的喷气口、升降台，各喷气口分别设有独立的开关，各喷气口安装于升降台上，升降台带动各喷气口在高度位置上升降移动；高压喷气装置设于第二输送带后端的下方，所述分选仓设于第二输送带后侧的下方且低于高压喷气装置的的各喷气口布置，所述分选仓包括若干排列设置的仓体，喷气口吹出高压气改变物料下落距离以选择进入一仓体内；The high-pressure air injection device includes several air injection ports arranged horizontally and a lifting table, each air injection port is provided with an independent switch, and each air injection port is installed on the lifting table, and the lifting table drives each air injection port to move up and down on the height position; the high-pressure air injection The device is arranged below the rear end of the second conveyor belt, and the sorting bin is arranged under the rear side of the second conveyor belt and is arranged lower than each air injection port of the high-pressure air jet device, and the sorting bin includes several bins arranged in a row Body, blowing out high-pressure air from the air jet port to change the falling distance of the material to choose to enter the first chamber;
    图像采集装置包括第一摄像头、第二摄像头，所述第一摄像头向下朝向第二输送带以拍摄物料的分布图像，所述第二摄像头向下朝向分选仓以拍摄物料的下落图像；The image acquisition device includes a first camera and a second camera, the first camera faces downwards towards the second conveyor belt to capture the distribution image of the material, and the second camera faces downward towards the sorting bin to capture the falling image of the material;
    处理器连接图像采集装置与高压喷气装置，通过物料的分布图像设定高压喷气装置初始工作参数，通过下落图像调整高压喷气装置实时工作参数。The processor connects the image acquisition device with the high-pressure jet device, sets the initial working parameters of the high-pressure jet device through the material distribution image, and adjusts the real-time working parameters of the high-pressure jet device through the falling image.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述一种建筑垃圾分选设备，其特征在于：所述第二输送带在宽度方向上设置分隔条，所述分隔条设有多组，各分隔条沿第二输送带长度方向平行等间距的排列设置，长条形出料口送出的物料落入相邻两分隔条之间。The sorting equipment for construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second conveyor belt is provided with dividing strips in the width direction, and there are multiple sets of dividing strips, and each dividing strip is arranged along the length of the second conveyor belt. The directions are arranged in parallel and equally spaced, and the materials sent out from the strip-shaped discharge port fall into the space between two adjacent partition bars.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述一种建筑垃圾分选设备，其特征在于：所述喷气口沿第二输送带宽度方向密集排列设置。The construction waste sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the air injection ports are densely arranged along the width direction of the second conveyor belt.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述一种建筑垃圾分选设备，其特征在于：所述振动箱包括两块倾斜侧板，两块倾斜侧板形成上大下小的梯形缩口结构，两块倾斜侧板的底边分别连接长条形出料口的两条长边。The sorting equipment for construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vibrating box includes two inclined side plates, the two inclined side plates form a trapezoidal necking structure with the upper part larger and the lower part smaller, and the two inclined side plates The bases of the two long sides of the strip discharge opening are respectively connected.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述一种建筑垃圾分选设备，其特征在于：第一输送带、振动排序箱、第二输送带为间歇式工作。The sorting equipment for construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first conveyor belt, the vibration sorting box, and the second conveyor belt work intermittently.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述一种建筑垃圾分选设备，其特征在于：还包括破碎机、振动筛网，物料经由破碎机进行粒径整形后送入振动筛网内，振动筛网滤除细碎颗粒后将余下物料送入第一输送带上。According to claim 1, the construction waste sorting equipment is characterized in that: it also includes a crusher and a vibrating screen, and the material is sent to the vibrating screen after the particle size is shaped by the crusher, and the vibrating screen filters out fine particles Finally, the remaining materials are sent to the first conveyor belt.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述一种建筑垃圾分选设备，其特征在于：所述升降台采用加速下降，其下降速度v＝gt，g取9.8m/s 2。 The sorting equipment for construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting platform adopts accelerated descent, and its descending speed v=gt, g is 9.8m/s 2 .
  8. 一种建筑垃圾分选方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：A construction waste sorting method is characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
    步骤一，第一输送带将一部分待分选物料运送入振动排序箱的箱体内；振动器带动箱体振动，抖动的物料将会分散开，并在长条形出 料口处沿长度方向排列；Step 1: The first conveyor belt transports a part of the materials to be sorted into the box of the vibrating sorting box; the vibrator drives the box to vibrate, and the shaken materials will be dispersed and arranged along the length direction at the strip discharge port ;
    步骤二，阀门开启，物料落入第二输送带上，且物料在第二输送带形成上沿宽度方向排布的形态；Step 2, the valve is opened, the material falls onto the second conveyor belt, and the material is arranged along the width direction on the second conveyor belt;
    步骤三，第二输送带输送物料，先经过第一摄像头，第一摄像头拍摄物料的分布图像并发送至处理器，处理器通过图像算法识别物料类型、分布位置，计算物料体积、重量，根据物料类型、体积、重量等数据输出高压喷气装置的初始工作参数，即各喷气口的开关的开闭状态及开启时间；Step 3, the second conveyor belt transports the material, first passes through the first camera, the first camera captures the distribution image of the material and sends it to the processor, the processor identifies the material type and distribution position through the image algorithm, calculates the volume and weight of the material, according to the Type, volume, weight and other data output the initial working parameters of the high-pressure air injection device, that is, the opening and closing status and opening time of the switches of each air injection port;
    步骤四，第二输送带将物料送至末端后掉落，此时设置有高压喷气装置的升降台处于最高位，物料掉落至喷气口作用范围内后，物料掉落的同时升降台进行下降，使物料在下落过程中保持处于喷气口作用范围内；各喷气口的开关按预定初始工作参数工作，将对应位置的物料向外推送，改变物料下落轨迹以进入分选仓的对应仓体内；Step 4: The second conveyor belt sends the material to the end and then falls. At this time, the lifting platform equipped with high-pressure air injection device is at the highest position. After the material falls within the range of the air injection port, the lifting platform will descend when the material falls , so that the material remains within the range of the air jet during the falling process; the switch of each air jet works according to the predetermined initial working parameters, pushes the material at the corresponding position outward, and changes the falling track of the material to enter the corresponding bin of the sorting bin;
    步骤五，与步骤四同时，第二摄像头朝向分选仓进行连续拍摄多张物料的下落图像并发送至处理器，处理器获取各物料实时位置信息，计算物料此时的预计下落轨迹，根据轨迹信息调整高压喷气装置参数，即提前或延时关闭各喷气口的开关进而改变预计下落轨迹，保证物料准确落入分选仓对应的仓体内。Step 5. Simultaneously with step 4, the second camera faces the sorting bin to continuously take pictures of the whereabouts of multiple materials and send them to the processor. The processor obtains the real-time position information of each material and calculates the expected falling trajectory of the material at this time. According to the trajectory Information to adjust the parameters of the high-pressure air injection device, that is, to turn off the switches of each air injection port in advance or delay to change the expected falling trajectory, so as to ensure that the materials accurately fall into the corresponding bin of the sorting bin.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述一种建筑垃圾分选方法，其特征在于：步骤一、步骤二中，所述第一输送带、振动排序箱、第二输送带为间歇式工作。The construction waste sorting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: in step 1 and step 2, the first conveyor belt, the vibration sorting box, and the second conveyor belt work intermittently.
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述一种建筑垃圾分选方法，其特征 在于：步骤四，所述升降台采用加速下降，其下降速度v＝gt，g取9.8m/s 2。 A method for sorting construction waste according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: step 4, the lifting platform adopts accelerated descent, and its descending speed v=gt, g is 9.8m/s 2 .
PCT/CN2021/122259 2021-07-13 2021-09-30 Construction waste sorting device and method WO2023284135A1 (en)

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