WO2023280541A1 - A method for repairing a refractory wall of a furnace - Google Patents
A method for repairing a refractory wall of a furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023280541A1 WO2023280541A1 PCT/EP2022/066354 EP2022066354W WO2023280541A1 WO 2023280541 A1 WO2023280541 A1 WO 2023280541A1 EP 2022066354 W EP2022066354 W EP 2022066354W WO 2023280541 A1 WO2023280541 A1 WO 2023280541A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- wall portion
- heated
- heat resistant
- metallic material
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 iron-chromium-aluminium Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011214 refractory ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000634 wood's metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/10—Monolithic linings; Supports therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
- F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
- F27D1/1626—Making linings by compacting a refractory mass in the space defined by a backing mould or pattern and the furnace wall
Definitions
- the present invention concerns a method for repairing a refractory wall of a furnace.
- the present invention also concerns a wall portion for a furnace and a furnace.
- Furnaces are well known for heating materials for different purposes. Furnaces may be constructed in various ways, but typically comprise elements such as a floor (or corbel), a roof and walls reaching therebetween, thereby forming a heating chamber for the material to be heated in.
- the floor, roof or walls may have channels for transporting hot gas, often referred to as flue passages, thereby heating the chamber.
- Each element is typically built up from ceramic bricks, the bricks being assembled to define vertically and/or horizontally extending internal flues, vents and other passages within the elements, such as the heating walls.
- the wall portion is often divided into sections, so that the next section is formed on top of the other after it has cured, thereby making the repair rather time consuming.
- Another method is to use an inner form made from iron (Fe).
- the iron will corrode when exposed to oxidizing gases and heat from the furnace, causing it to flake and melt. When the iron melts it will negatively affect the melting point of the surrounding refractory ceramic material as well.
- the iron form must therefore be removed before operating the furnace. As such, the removal is an expensive process and limits the complexity of the shape of the flue passage that can be formed.
- the wall portion is often divided into sections so that the iron form can be removed by machining.
- a first object of the invention is to provide an improved method for repairing a refractory wall of a furnace which to at least to some extent overcomes some of the issues of the prior art.
- a further object of the invention is to provide an improved wall portion for a furnace.
- a yet further object is to provide an improved furnace.
- the first object is achieved by a method comprising the steps recited in claim 1.
- a method of repairing a refractory wall of a furnace by replacing at least a wall portion thereof is provided.
- the method comprises:
- an improved method for repairing a refractory wall of a furnace in which the inner form inner form defining a new flue passage is made from a heat resistant metallic material.
- the inner form can be left inside the wall portion, without the need to remove it before operating the furnace, thereby simplifying and making the repair process more cost efficient.
- the inner form by making the inner form from a metallic material, a gas tight flue passage can be formed.
- the metallic material also provides an increased flexibility to the repairing method, as more complex shapes can be made, easily customizable by means of conventional metal working to fit the context of an individual furnace to be repaired.
- a portion of a wall needs to be repaired, but it will be appreciated that the repair process described herein is applicable to situations where entire walls, the roof and/or the floor/corbel areas, or portions thereof, need replacement. Accordingly, reference to a "wall portion" is intended to encompass both vertical walls as well as horizontal roof and floor/corbel portions.
- furnace any furnace, such as a furnace for making coke or glass or otherwise heating a material inside for different purposes.
- Other terms for “furnace” may be “oven” or “kiln”. Furnace is used henceforth to describe the context of the wall to be repaired, but it could also be applicable to other forms of heating apparatus, such as boilers, smelters/blast-furnaces, stoves or fireplaces to give a few non-limiting examples.
- Furnaces often comprise a chamber to heat material that may often be defined by walls, a floor and a ceiling for the furnace. Some furnaces have a plurality of chambers that are each separated by a wall in between. Some types of furnaces often have several chambers.
- a typical coke oven installation might include, for example 30 to more than 100 individual coking chambers or ovens arranged side-by-side, with each chamber being from 3 to 7 meters high, typically 14 or more meters long, and approximately about 1 meter wide.
- an outer form defining a new wall portion is meant “inside the existing furnace”. It may also mean “at the existing furnace”, for instance in the case of the wall being an outer wall facing the external side of the furnace.
- Flue passage is a well-known term in the field of furnaces. Flue passages are channels in the walls of furnaces to transport gases for heating the order to heat the furnace. Flue passages may also be integrated into the floor and/or the ceiling of the furnace.
- the refractory castable material is added within a volume defined by the outer form and the inner form should be understood as a volume restricted substantially by the inner and outer forms. Naturally, also the remaining wall outside of the wall portion to be repaired will be defining the actual volume into which the refractory castable material is added.
- heat resistant metallic material is meant a metallic material that can be exposed to high temperatures whilst maintaining its material characteristics.
- high temperatures is meant around 1000°C and above.
- the heat resistant metallic material does not generate gases or affect the surrounding refractory castable material, even when heated to above 1000°C.
- the heat resistant metallic material is form stable when heated during operation of the furnace, such as to temperature between 1000°C and 1200°C.
- form stable is meant that the material maintains its shape.
- the temperature may go up 1200°C. For such elevated temperatures, many materials are likely to deform, thereby altering the shape of the flue passage.
- the heat resistant metallic material is form stable when heated even when to a temperature between 1200°C and 1400°C. It has namely been found that, albeit the normal temperature of a furnace may normally be 1000-1200°C, the flue passages may sometimes come up to temperatures of around 1300°C, such as during heating of the furnace to get it up to operating temperature. At this temperature, depending on the shape and the height of the flue passage, i.e.
- heat resistant steel may further deform so that it slides down such that the flue passage become completely blocked.
- the heat resistant metallic material is form stable at a temperature between 1250°C and 1350°C.
- the heat resistant metallic material is chemically stable when heated to a temperature of operation of the furnace, such as to temperature between 1000°C and 1200°C, preferable even when heated to a temperature between 1200°C and 1400°C.
- chemically stable is meant that the material it is not reactive in this environment and retains its useful properties. In particular, the usefulness is retained in the heat and corroding gases.
- the material is said to be chemically unstable if it for example would melt, corrode, decompose, or burn under the conditions provided in the flue passage. It has namely been found that material, despite being heat resistant and form stable, may react with a surrounding environment characterized by high temperature and corroding gases, causing the material to deteriorate, such as by corrosion.
- the lifetime of the wall is reduced as the material itself deteriorates, but also as gases may emit from the material and adversely affect the refractory material of the furnace, such as by reducing its melting point.
- a metallic material that is also chemically stable, these problems are reduced.
- the heat resistant metallic material forms a protective surface oxide layer when heated to a temperature of operation of the furnace, such as when heated to 1000°C.
- the metal material can resist the problems with high temperatures and corrosion, as explained above, to an even higher degree.
- the metallic material is an aluminium containing alloy that forms a protective AI 2 O 3 surface layer when heated to a temperature of operation of the furnace, such as when heated to 1000°C.
- AI 2 O 3 or aluminium oxide, commonly known as alumina, has a high melting point, high hardness, high compressive strength, low friction coefficient, and high resistance against corroding environments.
- AI 2 O 3 provides further performance to the material’s chemical stability, thereby providing a more long-lasting flue passage with increased service life.
- the heat resistant metallic material is a ferritic iron-chromium-aluminium alloy (FeCrAI).
- the metallic material is a ferritic iron- chromium-aluminium alloy (FeCrAI) comprising, in percent by weight:
- the new wall portion is formed in one piece by completion of steps a) to d).
- the new wall portions often need to be formed in a stepwise procedure by forming sections to be formed on top of the other. This may especially be the case if the wall portion has complex flue passage shape, or if the wall portion reaches tall in a vertical direction. This may further be the case when the wall portion is the entire vertical wall section. This is due to that the inner form needs to be removed, and/or that the shape of the inner forms deforms due to a high pressure from the added castable refractory material, yielding difficulties to make the entire wall portion in one go. It has been found that by using an inner form of a heat resistant metallic material that does not need to be removed before operation, the whole wall portion may be done in one step, even when the wall portion to be repaired is the entire wall.
- the refractory castable material is a silica- and/or alumina-based material. These materials are particularly good for resisting heat while also being affordable to use.
- the inner form has a telescopic construction.
- a more flexible inner form is provided that can be easily adjusted to fit the conditions of the wall portion to be repaired.
- the time required for the repair process is significantly reduced, making the repair process more cost efficient and reducing the time that the furnace is out of operation.
- the refractory wall is a brick wall.
- the method is namely found particularly beneficial when repairing brick walls, as a lot of the complexity of repairing brick walls with fitting individual bricks and forming joints and seams in between the bricks and flue passages is made redundant.
- the present invention also relates to a wall portion for a furnace.
- the wall portion comprises a main portion made from a refractory castable material, and an inner form in contact with the main portion.
- the inner form delimits a flue passage of the refractory wall portion and is made from a heat resistant metallic material.
- a wall portion that does not need the inner form to be removed before installation or operation of a furnace is provided.
- the wall portion is substantially gas tight, preventing gas to leak out in cracks of the wall etc.
- the wall portion may be pre-formed already before the repair process, simplifying and shortening the in situ repair process, i.e. , the repair process inside the furnace as it is taken out of operation, yielding more up time for the furnace.
- the present invention also relates to a furnace comprising a wall portion according to the invention.
- the furnace is a coke furnace. It has namely been found that, due to the size and construction of coke furnaces, the method for repairing a wall portion may be particularly beneficial in this case.
- coke is produced in a coke furnace battery which includes a plurality of side-by-side coking chambers or ovens which are separated from each other by walls extending the full length of the chambers. The coke is pushed in the lengthwise direction out of the furnace.
- a typical coke furnace installation might include, for example 30 to more than 100 individual coking chambers or ovens arranged side-by-side, with each chamber being from 3 to 7 meters high, typically 14 or more meters long, and approximately 1 meter wide.
- Each wall is typically built up from a number of horizontally extending courses of ceramic bricks, the bricks being assembled to define vertically and/or horizontally extending internal flues, vents and other passages within the heating walls.
- Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method according to an example embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a refractory wall according to an example embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a furnace according to an example embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional top view of a wall portion according to an example embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 1 depicts a flowchart of a method according to an example embodiment of the present invention.
- the method is a method of repairing a refractory wall 2 of a furnace 1 by replacing a wall portion 3 thereof, such as the wall portion 3 as depicted in figs. 2-4.
- the method comprises steps of: (a) demolishing the wall portion 3.
- the demolishing step may be accomplished by any suitable mechanical means.
- the inner form 5 is made from a heat resistant metallic material.
- the refractory castable material may be a silica- and/or alumina-based material, but it could also be any other refractory material suitable for casting.
- the adding of the refractory castable material typically comprises casting of the refractory castable material.
- the outer form 4 As the outer form 4 is removed, it can be made from any suitable material, such as wood, cardboard, fibreboard, plywood etc. It may also be made form a metallic material, or wood-metal laminates. The removal of the outer form 4 may be performed by mechanically removing the outer form 4 before the wall portion 3 is put in operation. It may also be removed by burning off the outer form 4, such as when heating the wall portion 3 when initiating operation of the furnace 1 after the repair.
- the heat resistant metallic material of the inner form 5 may be form stable when heated during operation of the furnace 1, such as to temperature between 1000°C and 1200°C, preferably even when heated to a temperature between 1200°C and 1400°C. As such, deformation of the flue passage 8 may be avoided.
- the heat resistant metallic material may be chemically stable when heated to a temperature of operation of the furnace 1 , such as to temperature between 1000°C and 1200°C, preferable even when heated to a temperature between 1200°C and 1400°C. As such, the deterioration of the flue passage 8 and emittance of gases potentially harmful for the surrounding refractory material may be avoided.
- Fig. 2 depicts a schematic side view of a refractory wall 2 according to an example embodiment of the present invention.
- the refractory wall 2 of the furnace 1 is a brick wall, but it could also be any other type of refractory wall 2, such as a wall already made in a refractory castable material.
- a cut out of an internal side of the wall portion 3, repaired or intended to be repaired, is shown.
- Flue passages 8 can be seen, having vertical portions 8a extending in a vertical direction inside the wall 2 as such, as well as horizontal portions 8b extending in horizontal direction along the extension of the wall 2 and connecting portions 8c therebetween.
- the horizontal portions 8b and connecting portions 8b of the flue passages 8 may be integrated into a floor portion (not illustrated) of the furnace 1, also commonly called corbel.
- the wall portion 3 can be seen extending in a vertical direction covering the full height of the flue passage 8.
- the new wall portion 3 may be formed in one piece by completion of steps a) to d).
- the wall portion 3 may be formed in one piece by using a single inner form 5 and a single outer form 4 to define the shape of the wall portion 3, after which refractory castable material is added by casting into the volume formed between the forms 4, 5, thereby forming the new wall portion 3.
- the forms 4, 5 may also be made by several portions that has been joined together.
- the outer form 4 may for instance be made from several fibre boards etc to build up to the height required for forming the wall portion 3.
- the wall portion 3 may also be formed in sections being stacked on top of each other after the previous section has been cured.
- the inner form 5 has a telescopic construction.
- Fig. 3 depicts a schematic top view of a furnace 1 according to an example embodiment of the present invention.
- the furnace 1 is a coke furnace 1.
- the furnace 1 has two chambers 10 intended for heating coke in between three walls 2a, 2b, 2c.
- the wall 2b in the middle is being repaired in situ, showing outer forms 4 defining a new wall portion 3, and an inner form 5 defining new flue passages 8 within the new wall portion 3.
- the forms 4, 5 define a volume into which a refractory castable material, constituting a main portion 7 of the new wall portion, has been added.
- the step (d) of removing the outer form 4 has not yet been carried out.
- the outer form 4 has to be removed before operation of the furnace 1.
- the outer form 4 may be removed by burning it, such during heating of the wall 3 as it is taken into operation again. This may particularly be that case when the outer form 4 is made from a wooden material.
- the outer form 4 is illustrated having a U-shaped form extending around an edge portion of the refractory wall 2 to be repaired.
- the outer form 4 may also be two separate outer forms 4 positioned on opposite sides of the wall portion 3, which could be the case if the wall portion 3 to be repaired is not an edge portion, but having remaining refractory wall 2 portions on each side of the wall portion 3 to be repaired.
- the outer form 4 may also comprise only one outer form 4 along the wall portion 3 to be repaired. This could be the case when only one side of the wall portion 3 needs repair.
- heat insulating material 9 can be seen placed along the walls 2a, 2b, 2c around the area of the wall portion 3 being repaired so as to insulate the walls 2a, 2c, and the remainder of the wall 2b being repaired, during the repair of the refractory wall 2b.
- coke is produced in a coke furnace 1 battery which includes a plurality of side- by-side coking chambers 10 or ovens which are separated from each other by walls extending the full length of the chambers 10.
- a typical coke furnace 1 installation might include, for example 30 to more than 100 individual coking chambers 10 or ovens arranged side-by-side. As such, the furnace 1 in fig.
- FIG. 3 shows only a part of a larger coke furnace 1 having more chambers (not illustrated) extending along the outmost walls 2a, 2c as well.
- the repair can be performed in situ while the other chambers (not illustrated) maintain in operation, enabling uptime and increased productivity of the furnace 1.
- Fig. 4 depicts a schematic cross-sectional top view of a wall portion 3 according to an example embodiment of the present invention.
- the wall portion 3 comprises a main portion 7 made from a refractory castable material, and an inner form 5 in contact with the main portion 7.
- the inner form 5 delimits a flue passage 8 of the refractory wall 2 portion, and the inner form 5 is made from a heat resistant metallic material.
- the wall portion 3 can be pre-fabricated. This way, not as much refractory castable material needs to added in situ, thereby reducing the material that needs to be cured, consequently reducing the time needed for repair. Also, complex shapes can be made off-site, ensuring fit and quality already before the part of the furnace 1 is shut down for maintenance and repair, thereby reducing the risk of errors and prolonged shut down of the furnace 1.
- the heat resistant metallic material of the inner form 5 is illustrated with a protective surface oxide layer 6.
- the protective surface oxide layer 6 may be formed when the material is heated to a temperature of operation of the furnace 1 , such as when heated to 1000°C. As such, the layer may not be formed until the wall portion 3 is installed in the furnace 1 and taken in operation. The wall portion 3 may though be pre-heated to form this layer already before the installation in the furnace 1.
- the protective surface oxide layer 6 may also be of a type that is formed without the need to be heated, such as a protective surface oxide layer 6 formed simply by the exposure of the heat resistant metallic material to oxygen.
- the heat resistant metallic material may for example be an aluminium containing alloy that forms a protective AI2O3 surface layer 6 when heated to a temperature of operation of the furnace 1, such as when heated to 1000°C.
- the heat resistant metallic material may be a ferritic iron-chromium-aluminium alloy (FeCrAI).
- the ferritic iron- chromium-aluminium alloy (FeCrAI) may comprise, in percent by weight:
- Such an alloy is suitable for use as an inner form 5 material as it is both form stable, chemically stable and forms a protective protective AI 2 O 3 surface layer 6 when heated to temperature of operation of the furnace 1.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP21184091.3A EP4116658A1 (en) | 2021-07-06 | 2021-07-06 | A method for repairing a refractory wall of a furnace |
EP21184091.3 | 2021-07-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023280541A1 true WO2023280541A1 (en) | 2023-01-12 |
Family
ID=77071225
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2022/066354 WO2023280541A1 (en) | 2021-07-06 | 2022-06-15 | A method for repairing a refractory wall of a furnace |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP4116658A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2023280541A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2216983A (en) * | 1937-10-16 | 1940-10-08 | Fuel Refining Corp | Underfired coke oven |
US4364798A (en) * | 1980-12-30 | 1982-12-21 | Bmi, Inc. | Rebuilt coke oven heating chamber and method of making the same |
WO2009056843A1 (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2009-05-07 | Fosbel Intellectual Limited | Repair of heating walls in a refractory furnace |
-
2021
- 2021-07-06 EP EP21184091.3A patent/EP4116658A1/en active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-06-15 WO PCT/EP2022/066354 patent/WO2023280541A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2216983A (en) * | 1937-10-16 | 1940-10-08 | Fuel Refining Corp | Underfired coke oven |
US4364798A (en) * | 1980-12-30 | 1982-12-21 | Bmi, Inc. | Rebuilt coke oven heating chamber and method of making the same |
WO2009056843A1 (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2009-05-07 | Fosbel Intellectual Limited | Repair of heating walls in a refractory furnace |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP4116658A1 (en) | 2023-01-11 |
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