WO2023279461A1

WO2023279461A1 - Rumen-protected niacin additive for preventing ketosis in dairy cows and preparation method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2023279461A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/110339
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李寰旭; 张晓明
Original assignee: 北京东方天合生物技术有限责任公司
Priority date: 2021-07-09
Filing date: 2021-08-03
Publication date: 2023-01-12
Also published as: CN116019173A; CN113491302A

Abstract

A rumen-protected niacin additive for preventing ketosis in dairy cows and a preparation method therefor. The rumen-protected niacin additive comprises a coating and a core material; the core material comprises niacin and an auxiliary material; and the auxiliary material comprises sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing niacin and an auxiliary material in proportion, blending the mixture with water, drying the mixture, and preparing the mixture into core material particles; and wrapping the core material particles with a coating to obtain a rumen-protected niacin additive. The additive can provide rumen-protected niacin that has a better effect on preventing ketosis in dairy cows, improves the effect of niacin on preventing ketosis in dairy cows, and improving the benefits of a pasture.

Description

Rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing dairy cow ketosis and preparation method thereof

technical field

The application relates to the technical field of dairy cow ketosis prevention, more specifically, it relates to a rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing dairy cow ketosis and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

In recent years, my country's dairy farming industry has developed rapidly, and the scale of farming has continued to expand. However, there are many problems in the breeding process. disease. Ketosis in dairy cows not only reduces the milk production and milk quality of dairy cows, but also affects the reproductive performance of dairy cows. Effective prevention of ketosis in dairy cows has become a key issue.

Some studies have shown that the addition of nicotinic acid has a good effect on the prevention of ketosis in dairy cows. However, ordinary niacin is degraded in a large amount in the rumen of dairy cows, and the content that can be effectively absorbed is greatly reduced. How to further improve the effect of niacin in preventing ketosis in dairy cows is urgent. problem to be solved.

Contents of the invention

In order to further improve the effect of nicotinic acid on preventing ketosis in dairy cows and increase the income of pastures, the present application provides a rumen-passed nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis in cows and a preparation method thereof.

In the first aspect, the present application provides a rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing ketosis in dairy cows, and adopts the following technical scheme: a rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing ketosis in dairy cows, including a coating and a core material, the core material It includes nicotinic acid and auxiliary materials, the auxiliary materials include iron sodium edetate, and the added mass ratio of the iron sodium edetate to nicotinic acid is 1:(20-40).

By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, this application adopts the rumen-passing technology, and uses coating to protect niacin and auxiliary materials, so that it will not be degraded in the rumen of ruminants, but will be degraded after entering the abomasum and small intestine in an acidic environment. Absorption, niacin is used as an active ingredient. On the one hand, niacin is the precursor of coenzyme I (NAD+) and coenzyme II (NADP+). The complete oxidation of fatty acids in the liver can effectively avoid the production of ketone bodies and the accumulation of fatty acids in the liver; on the other hand, niacin can promote the secretion of neuropeptides and orexin A, thereby increasing the intake of dry matter The mobilization of body fat in dairy cows reduces the production of non-esterified fatty acids NEFA from the source, thereby reducing the production of ketone bodies and triglycerides, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of ketosis, increasing the milk production of dairy cows, and reducing the cost of pasture veterinarians, etc. cost and increase ranch income.

In this application, the effect of sodium ferric edetate mainly includes the following two aspects:

On the one hand, sodium ferric edetate, as a cofactor of niacin, can promote the complete oxidation of niacin to fatty acids, which may be due to the absorption of niacin and niacinamide from the small intestine, and the conversion of niacin into niacinamide in the body. In the body, nicotinamide undergoes several steps of continuous enzymatic reactions to form coenzyme I (NAD+) and coenzyme II (NADP+) with ribose, phosphate, adenine, etc., and the oxidation of coenzyme I (NAD+) and coenzyme II (NADP+) in animals provides energy It plays the role of hydrogen donor, which can promote the complete oxidation of fatty acids in the liver, and the addition of sodium iron edetate has a certain impact on the conversion of niacin to nicotinamide, thereby affecting coenzyme I (NAD+) and coenzyme The formation of Ⅱ(NADP+), which in turn can promote the complete oxidation of fatty acids, specifically, may be due to the hydrolysis of sodium ferric edetate in the excipients in the abomasum and small intestine at a pH of 2-3 when the rumen-passing technology is used The release of ferric ions, coupled with the oxidation of ferric ions, causes the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid generated after hydrolysis to break with some of the carbon-nitrogen bonds in the ion, forming a secondary amine structure, and the hydrogen atom of the secondary amine is replaced by an acyl group , the N-acylation process occurs to obtain nicotinamide, thereby promoting the full conversion of nicotinic acid into nicotinamide, thereby promoting the complete oxidation of fatty acids, and preventing ketosis in dairy cows.

On the other hand, the sodium iron edetate added in this application is also used as a substance to promote the complete oxidation of fatty acids. It may be that the ferric ions released after the hydrolysis of sodium iron edetate have a certain impact on the oxidation process. It can promote the complete oxidation of fatty acids, further reduce the production of ketones and promote the oxidation of ketones. The combination of sodium ferric edetate and niacin, the synergistic effect of the two has a better preventive and alleviating effect on cow ketosis.

In addition, because the difference between anion and cation formed in the system can affect the amount of free calcium in the system, and then it also has a certain effect on ketosis. In this application, sodium ferric edetate is selected, and combined with edetate The control of the added amount of sodium ferric acetate may be due to the difference between the anion and cation formed after the hydrolysis of ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, so that within the range of the added amount, the prevention effect on ketosis is better.

To sum up, in this application, sodium ferric edetate is selected as the cofactor of niacin, and the two synergize to greatly improve the promotion of the complete oxidation of fatty acids, effectively reducing the production of ketone bodies and the accumulation of fatty acids in the liver. Accumulate to obtain rumen-passed niacin, which has a better effect on preventing or alleviating dairy cow ketosis, and increases the income of the pasture.

Optionally, the auxiliary material also includes one or both of riboflavin and L-carnitine, and the mass ratio of riboflavin and/or L-carnitine to niacin is 1:(12-16).

By adopting the above technical scheme, riboflavin and L-carnitine participate in the oxidation-reduction process in the body, affect the oxidation process of fatty acids, promote the complete oxidation of fatty acids, promote the complete oxidation of fatty acids into carbon dioxide and water, supply energy, and alleviate the negative energy balance of dairy cows. Enhance the effect of niacin to promote the oxidation and decomposition of fatty acids, so as to prevent ketosis in dairy cows, reduce the cost of pastures, and increase the income of pastures.

Optionally, the auxiliary material also includes a mixture of riboflavin and L-carnitine at a mass ratio of 1:(2-3).

By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme and controlling the addition amount of riboflavin and L-carnitine, the two synergistically participate in the oxidation-reduction reaction of fat and fatty acid in the body, interact with each other, and have a stronger effect on promoting the complete oxidation of fatty acid.

Optionally, the mass ratio of the coating to the core material is (40-60):(45-60).

By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme and using the above-mentioned coating and core material in the mass ratio, the thickness of the coating can be adjusted so that the degradation rate of the core material in the rumen is low, and the release rate in the abomasum and small intestine is high, with good niacin Supplementary effect, improve utilization rate. Prevent the coating from being too thick, which will lead to a corresponding decrease in the release rate of the core material in the abomasum and small intestine, and will also affect the flow rate of rumen chyme, affecting the effect of passing through the rumen, while the coating is too thin to protect the core material. , is largely degraded by microorganisms in the rumen.

Optionally, the coating includes polyacrylic acid resin II and rumen-passed fat powder at a mass ratio of 1:(2-3).

By adopting the above technical scheme, the core material obtained by using the above-mentioned ratio of polyacrylic resin II and rumen-passed fat powder is used to coat the niacin and auxiliary materials. Compared with the use of a single coating material, the rumen degradation rate is lower. , has a better protective effect on the core material. At this time, compared with other iron compounds, iron sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate exists stably as a complex, which can prevent free iron from polymerizing or coordinating with polyacrylic acid resin II, and prevent polyacrylic resin II from reacting with iron-containing compounds. When added together, iron is depleted, thereby reducing the contribution of iron to the complete oxidation of fatty acids.

Optionally, the rumen-passed fat powder is palm fat powder.

Optionally, the auxiliary material also includes starch, and the mass ratio of sodium ferric edetate to starch is 1:(15-20).

By adopting the above technical scheme, the addition of starch has the effect of promoting the formation of core material particles, and has little effect on the effects of ketosis prevention and the like.

In the second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing ketosis in dairy cows, which adopts the following technical scheme:

A preparation method of a rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing cow ketosis, comprising the following steps:

Preparation of core material granules: mix nicotinic acid and auxiliary materials evenly in proportion, prepare with water, granulate, and dry to obtain core material granules;

Niacin granule coating: coating the core material granules to obtain the rumen-passed niacin additive.

Preferably, the coating includes polyacrylic acid resin II and rumen-passed fat powder with a mass ratio of 1: (2-3), and the specific operation of the coating step of niacin particles is: dissolving polyacrylic acid resin II in ethanol to obtain polyacrylic acid resin II Acrylic resin II solution, the polyacrylic acid resin II solution is sprayed on the surface of the core material particles as an inner coating layer, and dried to obtain polyacrylic acid resin II coated niacin particles; then the melted rumen fat powder is sprayed on the poly Acrylic resin II coats the surface of nicotinic acid particles, and drying to prepare rumen-passed nicotinic acid additive particles.

By adopting the above technical scheme, when the core material contains L-carnitine, L-carnitine has moisture absorption, and polyacrylic resin II with good waterproof performance is used as the inner coating layer to effectively solve the problem of L-carnitine moisture absorption. The problem is that the niacin particles coated with polyacrylic acid resin II continue to be coated with rumen-passed fat powder. The rumen-passed fat powder is made of vegetable fat, which is a high-energy feed material commonly used in ruminant production. It is safe and has a rumen-passed effect Good, the small intestine digestibility is high, and the rumen-passing coating effect is good. The compound of rumen-passing fat powder and polyacrylic acid resin II is used as the coating material. The niacin particles are small and evenly coated as the core material particles. Rumen nicotinic acid particles are round and well formed, and can be added to the diet of ruminants such as dairy cows.

In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects:

1. In this application, sodium ferric edetate is used as an auxiliary material for niacin. On the one hand, it affects the oxidation of fatty acids, promotes the complete oxidation of fatty acids, and alleviates the negative energy balance of dairy cows. On the other hand, it affects the transformation of niacin and niacinamide. And the formation of coenzyme I (NAD+) and coenzyme II (NADP+) will have an impact, thereby enhancing the complete oxidation of niacin for fatty acids, and the synergy between the two will enhance the effect of preventing ketosis in dairy cows, reduce the cost of pastures, and increase the income of pastures;

2. With the addition of sodium ferric edetate in this application, iron exists in a stable form as a complex, which can prevent free iron from polymerizing or coordinating with polyacrylic acid resin II, and prevent polyacrylic acid resin II from forming together with iron-containing compounds. Iron is consumed when added, thereby reducing the promotion effect of iron on the complete oxidation of fatty acids;

3. In this application, polyacrylic acid resin II and rumen-passed fat powder are used as coating materials, polyacrylic resin II with good waterproof performance can be used as an inner coating layer to effectively solve the problem of L-carnitine moisture absorption, and rumen-passed fat powder is used as an outer coating The coating layer has a better rumen-passing effect. The compound of rumen-passing fat powder and polyacrylic acid resin II is used as the coating material. The niacin particles are small and evenly coated as the core material particles. The final rumen-passing niacin particles are produced Round and well formed, it can be added to the diet of ruminants such as dairy cows.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with the embodiment, the application is further described in detail, and what is specially explained is: those who do not indicate specific conditions in the following examples, carry out according to conventional conditions or the conditions suggested by the manufacturer, and the raw materials used in the following examples are all except for special instructions. Can be derived from common commercially available.

The rumen-passed niacin additive in the present application can be prepared by conventional rumen-passed technical methods in the art. Preferably, considering the hygroscopicity of L-carnitine, the present application selects polyacrylic acid resin II as the inner coating layer. Rumen fat powder is used as the outer coating layer, and the specific coating process can adopt conventional methods in the art. In the present application, the niacin additive through the rumen may specifically include the following steps:

Preparation of core material particles: Mix niacin and auxiliary materials evenly in proportion, prepare with water, then granulate in a granulator, then shot blast and dry to obtain core material particles of 0.3-0.5mm;

Nicotinic acid particle coating: polyacrylic acid resin II is dissolved in ethanol to obtain polyacrylic acid resin II solution, the mass ratio of polyacrylic acid resin II to ethanol is 1:2, and the polyacrylic acid resin II solution is sprayed on the core material as an inner coating layer On the particle surface, the spraying process is carried out in a fluidized granulation coating machine to obtain polyacrylic acid resin II coated niacin particles;

Then the melted rumen fat powder is sprayed on the surface of polyacrylic resin II coated niacin particles as an outer coating layer. This process is carried out by using a fluidized granulation coating machine for coating, drying, and sieving to obtain a particle size of 0.8 -1.2mm granules of rumen-passed niacin additive.

In the coating step, the spraying parameters of polyacrylic acid resin II solution and melted rumen fat powder can be: compressed air temperature 90°C, peristaltic pump speed 8rpm, induced air frequency 28Hz, rotational speed 50Hz, induced air temperature 45°C, outlet air temperature 40°C.

In the following examples, polyacrylic acid resin II can be purchased from Shanxi Jinyang Pharmaceutical Excipients Co., Ltd., the grade is superior, the model is cp2015, and the brand is Jinyang Excipients;

Riboflavin can be purchased from Nanjing Ximenuo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., the model is food grade, powder state;

L-carnitine can be purchased from Nanjing Tongying Biotechnology Co., Ltd., the brand is Tongying, and the model is food grade;

The palm fat powder can be selected from the palm fat powder purchased from Henan Nuoya Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the brand is Yihai.

Example 1

Preparation of core material granules: the raw materials of the core material granules include nicotinic acid and auxiliary materials, and the auxiliary materials include sodium iron edetate and starch. Specifically, nicotinic acid, sodium iron edetate and starch are used as core materials, and the Mix nicotinic acid, sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate and starch evenly, prepare with water, and then carry out granulation, shot blasting and drying in sequence to obtain core material particles. The amount of nicotinic acid added is 20kg. The mass ratio of sodium is 20:1, and the mass ratio of sodium ferric edetate to starch is 1:15; niacin granule coating: polyacrylic resin II and rumen-passed fat powder with a mass ratio of 1:2 are used As a coating, the mass ratio of the coating to the core material is 40:60, that is, the mass ratio of the sum of polyacrylic acid resin II and rumen-passed fat powder to the sum of niacin, starch, and sodium ferric edetate is 40 : 60, the core material is coated with the coating by a fluidized granulation coating machine, and the specific operation is as follows:

Polyacrylic acid resin II is dissolved in ethanol to obtain polyacrylic acid resin II solution, the mass ratio of polyacrylic acid resin II to ethanol is 1:2, and the polyacrylic acid resin II solution is sprayed on the surface of core material particles as an inner coating layer, and the spraying process is Fluidized granulation coating machine to obtain polyacrylic acid resin II coated niacin particles;

In the coating step of niacin particles: the mass ratio of polyacrylic acid resin II to rumen-passed fat powder is 1:2.

Example 2

A preparation method of a rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 1, the difference being that the mass ratio of niacin in the core material to sodium ferric edetate is 30: 1. The mass ratio of sodium ferric edetate to starch is 1:17; the mass ratio of polyacrylic acid resin II to rumen-passed fat powder in the coating is 1:2.5, and the mass ratio of coating and core material is 50:50.

Example 3

A preparation method of a rumen-passed nicotinic acid additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 1, the difference is that the mass ratio of nicotinic acid to sodium ferric edetate in the core material is 40: 1. The mass ratio of sodium ferric edetate to starch is 1:20; the mass ratio of polyacrylic acid resin II to rumen-passed fat powder in the coating is 1:3, and the mass ratio of coating and core material is 60:45.

Example 4

A preparation method of a rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 2, the difference is that the mass ratio of niacin to sodium ferric edetate in the core material is 20: 1.

Example 5

A preparation method of a rumen-passed nicotinic acid additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 2, the difference being that the mass ratio of nicotinic acid to sodium ferric edetate in the core material is 40: 1.

Example 6

A method for preparing a rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing ketosis in dairy cows is carried out according to the method in Example 2, the difference is that in the core particle preparation step: the coating also includes riboflavin and riboflavin with a mass ratio of 1:2 L-carnitine, and the mass ratio of the sum of riboflavin and L-carnitine to the addition of niacin is 1:12, riboflavin and L-carnitine are added together with niacin and sodium ferric edetate, coated and The mass ratio of the core material is 50:50, that is, the mass ratio of the sum of polyacrylic acid resin II and rumen-passed fat powder to the sum of niacin, sodium ferric edetate, riboflavin, L-carnitine and starch is 50 :50.

Example 7

A method for preparing a rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing ketosis in dairy cows is carried out according to the method in Example 2, the difference is that in the core particle preparation step: the coating also includes riboflavin and riboflavin with a mass ratio of 1:3 L-carnitine, and the mass ratio of the sum of riboflavin and L-carnitine to the addition of niacin is 1:16, riboflavin and L-carnitine are added together with niacin and sodium ferric edetate, coated and The mass ratio of the core material is 50:50, that is, the mass ratio of the sum of polyacrylic acid resin II and rumen-passed fat powder to the sum of niacin, sodium ferric edetate, riboflavin, L-carnitine and starch is 50 :50.

Example 8

A preparation method of a rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 6, the difference is that in the core particle preparation step, riboflavin is replaced by L-carnitine in equal amounts, and The mass ratio of the added amount of L-carnitine to the added amount of niacin is 1:12.

Example 9

A preparation method of a rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing ketosis in dairy cows is carried out according to the method in Example 8, the difference is that in the preparation step of core material particles, L-carnitine is replaced by riboflavin in equal amounts, and The mass ratio of the added amount of riboflavin to the added niacin was 1:12.

Example 10

A preparation method of a rumen-passed nicotinic acid additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 2, the difference is that in the nicotinic acid particle coating step, the polyacrylic acid resin II in the coating is replaced by For rumen-passed fat powder, the coating material of the core particle is a single-layer coating of rumen-passed fat powder.

Example 11

A preparation method of a rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 2, the difference is that in the coating step of niacin particles, the same amount of rumen-passed fat powder in the coating is replaced by Polyacrylic resin II, the coating material of the core particles is a single-layer coating of polyacrylic resin II.

Example 12

A preparation method of a rumen-passed nicotinic acid additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 6, the difference is that in the coating step of nicotinic acid particles, the equivalent amount of polyacrylic acid resin II in the coating is replaced by For rumen-passed fat powder, the coating material of the core particle is a single-layer coating of rumen-passed fat powder.

Example 13

A preparation method of a rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 6, the difference is that in the coating step of niacin granules, the equivalent amount of rumen-passed fat powder in the coating is replaced by Polyacrylic resin II, the coating material of the core particles is a single-layer coating of polyacrylic resin II.

comparative example

Comparative example 1

A preparation method of a rumen-passing additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 2, the difference is that sodium ferric edetate is not added to the core material, only nicotinic acid is added.

Comparative example 2

A preparation method of a rumen-passing additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 2, the difference is that no nicotinic acid is added to the core material, only sodium ferric edetate is added.

Comparative example 3

A method for preparing a rumen-passing additive for preventing ketosis in dairy cows is carried out according to the method in Example 2, except that sodium ferric edetate is replaced by nicotinic acid in equal amounts.

Comparative example 4

A method for preparing a rumen-passing additive for preventing ketosis in dairy cows is carried out according to the method in Example 2, the difference is that niacin is replaced by sodium ferric edetate in equal amounts.

Comparative example 5

A preparation method of a rumen-passing additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 2, except that the mass ratio of niacin to sodium ferric edetate is 18:1.

Comparative example 6

A preparation method of a rumen-passing additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 2, except that the mass ratio of nicotinic acid to sodium ferric edetate is 43:1.

Comparative example 7

A method for preparing a rumen-passing additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 2, the difference is that sodium ferric edetate is replaced by ferric chloride in equal amounts.

Comparative example 8

A method for preparing a rumen-passing additive for preventing cow ketosis is carried out according to the method in Example 2, except that the sodium ferric edetate is replaced by ferrous sulfate in equal amounts.

Comparative example 9

A method for preparing a rumen-passing additive for preventing ketosis in dairy cows is carried out according to the method in Example 2, the difference is that sodium ferric edetate is replaced by ferrous lactate in equal amounts.

performance testing

1. Detection of the rumen-passing effect of the niacin additive passed through the rumen

Considering that the rumen-passing effect of the niacin additive is mainly related to the coating material and the quality of the coating and core material, the present application mainly focuses on the preparations in Examples 1-3, Examples 10-13 and Comparative Examples 10-11. The obtained niacin additive passed through the rumen was evaluated for its effect through the rumen, specifically:

Taking 4 Holstein lactating cows equipped with permanent rumen fistula as the experimental subjects, the rumen-passed niacin additive prepared in Examples 1-3 and Examples 10-13 was used as the test group, and in Example 2, it was not coated The processed nicotinic acid additive (that is, the nicotinic acid core material granules in Example 2) was used as a control group, and the rumen nylon bag method was used to measure the additives of the test group of the application and the control group in 2h, 8h, 12h, and 24h. The rumen degradation rate of the point, the test results are shown in Table 1 below, and the data in Table 1 are the average value of four repeated experiments.

Table 1 Degradation rate of niacin additive after rumen passage (%)

It can be seen from the above table 1 that more than 95% of the uncoated niacin in the present application is degraded, while the degradation rate of the rumen-passed niacin after the coating treatment in the embodiment is reduced to 5- 15%, the degradation rate after 24 hours of cultivation is less than 20%, and the degradation rate of 2 hours of cultivation is lower than 10%, which greatly reduces its degradation rate, especially the degradation rate of niacin in the rumen for 12 hours and 24 hours in the rumen in Example 2 5.64% and 7.98% respectively, the degradation rate is low, and the rumen passing rate is greatly improved. In addition, referring to the test results of Example 2 and Examples 11 and 12, it can be seen that polyacrylic resin II and rumen passing fat are selected for use in this application. The degradation rate in the rumen of the combination of the two powders is far lower than that of the two alone.

2. Effect of rumen-passed niacin additive on performance of lactating cows

testing method:

A total of 184 Holstein cows with similar age, parity, body condition and milk production after 5-10 days postpartum were selected as experimental dairy cows, each group of 8 cows, one group was the control group, fed the basal diet, and the remaining group Be the test group, each head of the test group adds the rumen-passing nicotinic acid additive prepared in the embodiment and the comparative example every day, every day every cow adds 20g, the test cows are fed in a single trough, fed 3 times in the morning, noon and evening, and milked for 3 times, Rumen-passed niacin was mixed in concentrate, and the test period was 30 days.

test performance

1) Determination of β-hydroxybutyric acid (BAHA)

According to the above-mentioned test method, the test cows were fed, and the test cows took blood from the tail root vein before the test, on the 5th day, and 10 days before the morning feeding, and detected the content of BAHA (nmol L ^-1 ) with a blood ketone meter. The examples and comparative examples The test results are shown in Table 2 below, and the test results of the control group are shown in Table 3 below.

Table 2 The effect of niacin supplementation in the test group on the content of BAHA in plasma of lactating dairy cows

Table 3 Effect of control group on BAHA content in plasma of lactating dairy cows

Referring to the test results in the above table 3, it can be known that when the lactating dairy cows are only fed with the basal diet, the BHBA content shows an upward trend after feeding; The BHBA content in cows showed a downward trend after feeding rumen niacin, and the feeding of rumen niacin had a positive effect on preventing ketosis in dairy cows.

With reference to the detection results of Example 2, Example 4 and Example 5 and Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 6, it can be seen that changing the ratio of nicotinic acid and sodium iron edetate, along with iron iron edetate With the increase of the proportion of sodium, the concentration of BAHA decreased significantly at first, and then the decrease range was small. When the amount of sodium ferric EDTA is too low, its concentration increases, and the preventive effect of sodium ferric EDTA on ketosis is first significantly enhanced, and then decreases. The oxidation effect and the auxiliary promotion effect on niacin are small, and when the amount is too large, on the one hand, it will affect the formation of coenzyme I (NAD+) and coenzyme II (NADP+) caused by the transformation of niacin and niacinamide, and its effect will decrease. On the one hand, when the content is too large, the difference between anions and cations in the system is not within the appropriate range, and its effect is reduced.

With reference to the test results of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 and the control group, it can be seen that the addition of niacin and sodium ferric edetate can reduce the BAHA content, and then in combination with Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 5 and Examples 2, it can be seen that when sodium ferric edetate and nicotinic acid are selected as a compound, there is a synergistic effect, the content of BAHA is reduced, and the preventive effect on cow ketosis is greatly improved. With reference to the test results of Example 2 and Comparative Examples 7-9, it can be seen that when nicotinic acid is compounded with other iron salts, although it has the effect of reducing the content of BAHA, its effect is small, far lower than that of Example Effect.

Combined with the test results of Examples 10-11 and Example 2, it can be seen that when only polyacrylic acid resin II or rumen-passed fat powder is selected as the coating material, the effect of preventing cow ketosis may be low due to poor rumen-passing effect .

Referring again to the test results of Examples 6-9, it can be seen that the addition of riboflavin and L-carnitine can further reduce the content of BAHA and further enhance the effect of preventing ketosis in dairy cows.

2) Feed intake of dry matter

Measure according to the above measurement method, taking the test group fed with the rumen-passing niacin additive prepared in Example 2 as an example, accurately record the feeding amount of the test group and the control group and the amount of remaining feed after eating in Example 2 every day , to calculate the daily dry matter intake of each test cow, and the test results are shown in Table 4 below.

Table 4 Effect of rumen-passed niacin supplementation on dry matter intake of lactating dairy cows

检测项目Test items	实施例2Example 2	对照组control group
干物质采食量(kg/头·天)Dry matter intake (kg/head·day)	15.2415.24	13.0413.04

It can be seen from the above table 4 that after the test cattle were fed the rumen-passed niacin additive prepared in Example 2 of the present application, their dry matter intake increased by 16.87% compared with the control group, and the rumen-passed niacin additive helped It is used to increase the dry matter intake of dairy cows and prevent ketosis in dairy cows from the source.

In addition, the dry matter intake of other test groups was tested according to the above method, and it can be seen that after feeding the rumen-passed niacin additive prepared in the embodiment of the application, the dry matter intake increased compared with the control group. 10.2-17.5%, it can be seen that the niacin additive through the rumen can help improve the dry matter intake of dairy cows.

3) Determination of milk production

Carry out the mensuration of milk production according to the above-mentioned mensuration feeding method, take the test group of the rumen-passing nicotinic acid additive that makes in the feeding example 2 as an example, test milk cows record milk cow's milk before test, the 10th day and the 30th day respectively. Milk production, the milk production of the test cow in Example 2 was obtained, and the test results are shown in Table 5 below.

Table 5 Effects of rumen-passed niacin additive on milk production of lactating dairy cows

检测项目Test items	试验前Before the test	第10天day 10	第30天day 30
实施例2产奶量(kg·d ^-1) Example 2 Milk production (kg·d ^-1 )	24.3524.35	27.3227.32	31.7831.78
对照组产奶量(kg·d ^-1) Milk production in control group (kg·d ^-1 )	24.2924.29	24.6724.67	27.4227.42

It can be seen from the above table 5 that after the test cows were fed the rumen-passed niacin additive prepared in Example 2 of the present application, the milk production of the test cows on the 30th day was 15.90% higher than that of the control group, and the addition of the rumen-passed niacin additive had Aids in milk production of cows.

In addition, the milk production of other test groups was detected according to the above method, and it can be seen that after feeding the rumen-passed niacin additive prepared in the embodiment of the application, the milk production increased by 10.5-16.7% compared with the control group. %, it can be seen that the niacin additive through the rumen helps to increase the milk production of dairy cows.

In summary, it can be seen that adding the rumen-passed niacin additive obtained in this application to the diet of dairy cows can effectively prevent the occurrence of ketosis in dairy cows, and at the same time significantly increase the feed intake of dairy cows and the milk production of dairy cows, greatly increasing Economic benefits of ranching.

This specific embodiment is only an explanation of this application, and it is not a limitation of this application. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without creative contribution according to needs after reading this specification, but as long as the rights of this application All claims are protected by patent law.

Claims

A rumen-passing nicotinic acid additive for preventing cow ketosis, comprising a coating and a core material, characterized in that the core material includes nicotinic acid and auxiliary materials, the auxiliary materials include sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium The mass ratio of ferric sodium amine tetraacetate to nicotinic acid is 1: (20-40).
A rumen-passing niacin additive for preventing dairy cow ketosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: said adjuvant also includes one or both of riboflavin and L-carnitine, riboflavin and/or L-carnitine The mass ratio of the added amount of base to the added niacin is 1: (12-16).
A rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing dairy cow ketosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: the auxiliary material also includes a mixture of riboflavin and L-carnitine with a mass ratio of 1:(2-3).
A rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing cow ketosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the coating to the core material is (40-60):(45-60).
A rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing cow ketosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coating comprises polyacrylic acid resin II and rumen-passed fat powder at a mass ratio of 1:(2-3).
A rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing dairy cow ketosis according to claim 5, characterized in that: the rumen-passed fat powder is selected from palm fat powder.
A kind of niacin additive for preventing dairy cow ketosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: said adjuvant also includes starch, and the mass ratio of sodium ferric edetate to starch is 1: (15- 20).
A kind of preparation method of the niacin additive of passing rumen that prevents cow ketosis as claimed in claim 1, comprises the following steps:

Include the following steps:

Preparation of core material granules: mix nicotinic acid and auxiliary materials evenly in proportion, prepare with water, granulate, and dry to obtain core material granules;

Niacin granule coating: coating the core material granules to obtain the rumen-passed niacin additive.
A method for preparing a rumen-passed niacin additive for preventing cow ketosis according to claim 8, characterized in that: the coating comprises polyacrylic resin II with a mass ratio of 1: (2-3) and rumen-passed niacin The specific operation of fat powder and nicotinic acid particle coating steps is as follows: polyacrylic acid resin II is dissolved in ethanol to obtain polyacrylic acid resin II solution, and polyacrylic acid resin II solution is sprayed on the surface of core material particles as an inner coating layer, and dried to obtain polyacrylic acid resin II solution. Acrylic resin II coated niacin particles;

Then, the melted rumen-passed fat powder is sprayed on the surface of the polyacrylic acid resin II-coated niacin particles as an outer coating layer, and dried to prepare rumen-passed niacin additive particles.