CN116019173A

CN116019173A - Rumen-bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN116019173A
Application number: CN202210711181.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李寰旭; 张晓明
Original assignee: Anhui Beijing Oriental Kingherd Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Beijing Oriental Kingherd Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-09
Filing date: 2022-06-22
Publication date: 2023-04-28
Also published as: CN113491302A; WO2023279461A1

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of dairy cow ketosis prevention, and in particular discloses a rumen-bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing dairy cow ketosis and a preparation method thereof, wherein the rumen-bypass nicotinic acid additive comprises a coating and a core material, the core material comprises nicotinic acid and auxiliary materials, and the auxiliary materials comprise sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing nicotinic acid and adjuvants proportionally, concocting with water, drying, and making into core material granule; and coating the core material particles by adopting a coating to obtain the rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive. The rumen-bypass nicotinic acid with better effect on preventing dairy cow ketosis is provided, the effect of the nicotinic acid on preventing dairy cow ketosis is improved, and the pasture income is improved.

Description

Rumen-bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of cow ketosis prevention, in particular to a rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing cow ketosis and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In recent years, the milk industry and the breeding industry in China are rapidly developed, and the breeding scale is continuously enlarged, but a plurality of problems exist in the breeding process, such as metabolic diseases of dairy cow ketosis, which are mainly caused by in-vivo carbohydrate and volatile fatty acid metabolic disorders, and are systemic dysfunctions. The ketosis of the dairy cows not only reduces the milk yield and the milk quality of the dairy cows, but also affects the reproductive performance of the dairy cows, and the effective prevention of the occurrence of the ketosis of the dairy cows has become a key problem.

The addition of the nicotinic acid on the research surface has good effect on preventing the ketosis of the dairy cows, but the common nicotinic acid is largely degraded in the rumen of the dairy cows, the content which can be effectively absorbed is greatly reduced, and how to further improve the effect of the nicotinic acid on preventing the ketosis of the dairy cows is a problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to further improve the effect of nicotinic acid on preventing dairy cow ketosis and improve pasture income, the application provides a rumen-bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing dairy cow ketosis and a preparation method thereof.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows, which adopts the following technical scheme:

the rumen-bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows comprises a coating and a core material, wherein the core material comprises nicotinic acid and auxiliary materials, the auxiliary materials comprise sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate, and the adding mass ratio of the sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate to the nicotinic acid is 1: (20-40).

By adopting the technical scheme, the rumen bypass technology is adopted, and the coating is adopted to protect the nicotinic acid and auxiliary materials, so that the nicotinic acid is not degraded in rumen of ruminants, but is degraded and absorbed after reaching the true stomach and small intestine in an acidic environment, and on one hand, the nicotinic acid is a precursor substance of coenzyme I (NAD+) and coenzyme II (NADP+), and the two coenzymes play a role in hydrogen donor in oxidation energy supply of animals, can promote complete oxidation of liver fatty acid, and effectively avoid generation of ketone bodies and accumulation of fatty acid in liver; on the other hand, rumen-bypass nicotinic acid can promote secretion of neuropeptides and orexin A, further improve the feed intake of dry matters, inhibit fat mobilization of dairy cows, reduce the generation of non-esterified fatty acid NEFA of the dairy cows from the source, further reduce the generation of ketone bodies and triglycerides, thereby effectively preventing ketosis, increasing the milk yield of the dairy cows, reducing the cost of pasture veterinarians and the like, and improving pasture income.

The effect of the sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate in the application mainly comprises the following two aspects:

on the one hand, the sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate is taken as an auxiliary factor of nicotinic acid, so that the complete oxidation of the nicotinic acid to fatty acid can be promoted, the nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are absorbed by small intestine, the nicotinic acid is converted into nicotinamide in vivo, the nicotinamide in vivo is subjected to continuous enzymatic reaction with ribose, phosphoric acid, adenine and the like to form coenzyme I (NAD+) and coenzyme II (NADP+), the coenzyme I (NAD+) and the coenzyme II (NADP+) play a role of hydrogen donor in the oxidation energy supply of an animal body, the complete oxidation of the fatty acid of the liver can be promoted, the addition of the sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate has a certain influence on the conversion of the nicotinic acid to the nicotinamide, the formation of the coenzyme I (NAD+) and the coenzyme II (NADP+) is influenced, the complete oxidation of the fatty acid can be promoted, and in particular, the ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate sodium in auxiliary materials is hydrolyzed and released into ferric ions in the environment of the small intestine at pH of 2-3 by adopting a rumen technology, and the oxidation effect of the ferric ions is added, so that the partial monoacid bond of the ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid generated after hydrolysis is broken, the nicotinamide is converted into the amino acid, the fatty acid is completely oxidized, and the effect of the nicotinamide is promoted, and the oxidation of the fatty acid is promoted.

On the other hand, the added sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate is also used as a substance for promoting the complete oxidation of fatty acid, and ferric ions released after the hydrolysis of the sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate possibly have a certain influence on the oxidation process, so that the complete oxidation of fatty acid can be promoted, the generation of ketone is further reduced, the ketone oxidation is promoted, the sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and nicotinic acid are compounded, and the synergistic effect of the sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and the nicotinic acid has more excellent prevention and alleviation effects on dairy cow ketosis.

In addition, because the anion and cation difference formed in the system can influence the quantity of free calcium in the system, and further the method has a certain effect on ketosis, the application selects the sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate, and the combination is controlled by the adding amount of the sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate, so that the anion and cation difference formed after the hydrolysis of the sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is suitable, and the ketosis prevention effect is better in the adding amount range.

In sum, the method selects the sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate as the auxiliary factor of nicotinic acid, and the sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and the auxiliary factor are synergistic, so that the promotion effect on complete oxidation of fatty acid is greatly improved, the generation of ketone bodies and the accumulation of fatty acid in the liver are effectively reduced, rumen-bypass nicotinic acid with better effect on preventing or relieving dairy cow ketosis is obtained, and pasture income is improved.

Optionally, the auxiliary material further comprises one or two of riboflavin and L-carnitine, and the mass ratio of the addition amount of the riboflavin and/or the L-carnitine to the addition amount of the nicotinic acid is 1: (12-16).

By adopting the technical scheme, the riboflavin and the L-carnitine participate in the oxidation-reduction process in vivo, influence the oxidation process of fatty acid, promote the complete oxidation of fatty acid into carbon dioxide and water, supply energy, relieve the energy negative balance of dairy cows, and enhance the oxidation-decomposition effect of nicotinic acid on fatty acid, thereby having the effects of preventing ketosis of dairy cows, reducing the pasture cost and improving the pasture income.

Optionally, the auxiliary material further comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the mixture of riboflavin and L-carnitine of (2-3).

By adopting the technical scheme, the addition amount of the riboflavin and the L-carnitine is controlled, and the riboflavin and the L-carnitine are synergistic to participate in the oxidation-reduction reaction of the fat and the fatty acid in the body, and the oxidation-reduction reaction of the fat and the fatty acid in the body is mutually influenced, so that the complete oxidation promotion effect on the fatty acid is stronger.

Optionally, the mass ratio of the coating to the core is (40-60): (45-60).

By adopting the technical scheme, the coating and the core material with the mass ratio are adopted, so that the thickness of the coating is adjusted, the core material has low degradation rate in rumen, and has high release rate in real stomach and small intestine, good nicotinic acid supplementing effect and high utilization rate. The coating is prevented from being too thick, so that the release rate of the core material in the real stomach and the small intestine is correspondingly reduced, the circulation speed of the rumen chyme is also influenced, the rumen bypass effect is influenced, the coating is too thin, the core material is not protected, and the rumen is greatly degraded by microorganisms.

Optionally, the coating comprises a mass ratio of 1: polyacrylic resin II and rumen bypass fat powder of (2-3).

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, select polyacrylic resin II and the core material that goes by rumen fat powder of above-mentioned ratio to carry out the coating to nicotinic acid and assisting material and handle, compare with adopting single coating material, lower to the rumen degradation rate, have better protection effect to the core material. In this case, compared with other iron compounds, the sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate has stable form of iron as a complex, thereby preventing free iron from polymerizing or coordinating with the polyacrylic resin II, preventing the polyacrylic resin II from consuming iron when being added together with the iron-containing compound, and reducing the promotion effect of iron on the complete oxidation of fatty acid.

Optionally, the rumen bypass fat powder is palm fat powder.

Optionally, the auxiliary material further comprises starch, and the mass ratio of the sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate to the starch is 1: (15-20).

By adopting the technical scheme, the addition of the starch has the effect of promoting the formation of the core material particles, and has small influence on the effects of preventing ketosis and the like.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of a rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of a rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows comprises the following steps:

preparing core material particles: mixing nicotinic acid and auxiliary materials uniformly in proportion, preparing with water, granulating and drying to obtain core material particles; and (3) coating nicotinic acid particles: and coating the core material particles by adopting a coating to obtain the rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive.

Preferably, the coating comprises a mass ratio of 1: the polyacrylic resin II and rumen bypass fat powder and nicotinic acid particle coating step of (2-3) are specifically operated as follows: dissolving polyacrylic resin II in ethanol to obtain polyacrylic resin II solution, spraying the polyacrylic resin II solution as an inner coating layer on the surfaces of core material particles, and drying to obtain polyacrylic resin II coated nicotinic acid particles;

and then spraying the melted rumen bypass fat powder as an outer coating layer on the surfaces of the polyacrylic resin II coated nicotinic acid particles, and drying to obtain rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive particles.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the core material contains L-carnitine, the L-carnitine has moisture absorption, the polyacrylic resin II with good waterproof performance is adopted as an inner coating layer to effectively solve the problem of the moisture absorption of the L-carnitine, and then rumen bypass fat powder is continuously coated on the surfaces of the polyacrylic resin II coated nicotinic acid particles, wherein the rumen bypass fat powder is prepared from vegetable fat serving as a raw material, is a common high-energy feed raw material in ruminant production, is safe, has good rumen bypass effect, high small intestine digestibility and good rumen bypass coating effect, adopts the combination of the rumen bypass fat powder and the polyacrylic resin II as a coating material, has small nicotinic acid particles, is uniformly coated as core material particles, is round and well formed, and can be added as daily ration of ruminants such as dairy cows.

In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the application, the sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is used as an auxiliary material of the nicotinic acid, so that on one hand, the oxidation of fatty acid is influenced, the complete oxidation of fatty acid is promoted, the energy negative balance of dairy cows is relieved, on the other hand, the conversion of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide and the formation of coenzyme I (NAD+) and coenzyme II (NADP+) are influenced, the complete oxidation of the nicotinic acid to the fatty acid is enhanced, the two are synergistic, the effect of preventing dairy cow ketosis is enhanced, the pasture cost is reduced, and the pasture income is improved;

2. in the application, the sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is added, and the iron exists stably as a complex, so that free iron and polyacrylic resin II can be prevented from being polymerized or coordinated, iron is prevented from being consumed when the polyacrylic resin II is added together with an iron-containing compound, and the promotion effect of the iron on complete oxidation of fatty acid is reduced;

3. according to the preparation method, the polyacrylic resin II and the rumen bypass fat powder are used as coating materials, the polyacrylic resin II with good waterproof performance is used as an inner coating layer, the problem of the moisture absorption of L-carnitine can be effectively solved, the rumen bypass fat powder is used as an outer coating layer, the rumen bypass fat powder has a better rumen bypass effect, the rumen bypass fat powder and the polyacrylic resin II are compounded to be used as the coating materials, nicotinic acid particles are small and uniformly used as core material particles for coating, and finally the prepared rumen bypass nicotinic acid particles are round and well formed and can be added as daily ration of ruminants such as dairy cows.

Detailed Description

The present application is further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are specifically described: the following examples, in which no specific conditions are noted, are conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer, and the raw materials used in the following examples are commercially available from ordinary sources except for the specific descriptions.

The rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive can be prepared by a conventional rumen bypass technology method in the field, and in the preferred case, the polyacrylic resin II is selected as an inner coating layer, rumen bypass fat powder is selected as an outer coating layer in consideration of the moisture absorption of L-carnitine, and a specific coating process adopts a conventional method in the field. The rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive specifically comprises the following steps:

preparing core material particles: mixing nicotinic acid and adjuvants proportionally, concocting with water, granulating in a granulator, shot blasting, and drying to obtain core material granule of 0.3-0.5 mm;

and (3) coating nicotinic acid particles: the polyacrylic resin II is dissolved in ethanol to prepare polyacrylic resin II solution, and the mass ratio of the polyacrylic resin II to the ethanol is 1:2, spraying the polyacrylic resin II solution as an inner coating layer on the surface of the core material particles, wherein the spraying process is carried out in a fluidized granulating and coating machine to obtain polyacrylic resin II coated nicotinic acid particles;

and then spraying the melted rumen bypass fat powder as an outer coating layer on the surfaces of polyacrylic resin II coated nicotinic acid particles, wherein the process adopts coating by a fluidization granulating and coating machine, drying and screening to obtain rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive particles with the particle size of 0.8-1.2 mm.

In the coating step, the spraying parameters of the polyacrylic resin II solution and the molten rumen bypass fat powder can be as follows: compressed air temperature 90 ℃, peristaltic pump rotation speed 8rpm, induced air frequency 28Hz, rotation speed 50Hz, induced air temperature 45 ℃ and air outlet temperature 40 ℃.

In the following examples, polyacrylic resin II is available from Shanxi jin ocean pharmaceutical excipients Co., ltd, grade is top grade, model is cp2015, brand is jin ocean excipients;

riboflavin is available from Nanjing Ximeno Biotechnology Co., ltd, and is in the form of food grade or powder;

l-carnitine is available from Nanjing general biotechnology Co., ltd, and has a brand of general and model number of food grade;

palm fat powder available from Henan Nora Biotechnology Co., ltd, brand name of sea benefiting, is selected.

Example 1

preparing core material particles: the core material particles are prepared from nicotinic acid and auxiliary materials, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate and starch, specifically, the nicotinic acid, the sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate and the starch are taken as core materials, the nicotinic acid, the sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate and the starch are uniformly mixed, water is used for preparing the mixture, and then the mixture is sequentially granulated, shot-blasted and dried to prepare the core material particles, the addition amount of the nicotinic acid is 20kg, and the mass ratio of the nicotinic acid to the sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is 20:1, the adding mass ratio of the sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate to the starch is 1:15;

and (3) coating nicotinic acid particles: the mass ratio is 1:2, the polyacrylic resin II and rumen bypass fat powder are used as a coating, and the mass ratio of the coating to the core material is 40:60, namely the mass ratio of the sum of polyacrylic resin II and rumen bypass fat powder to the sum of nicotinic acid, starch and sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate is 40:60, coating the core material by a fluidized granulating and coating machine, wherein the concrete operation is as follows:

the polyacrylic resin II is dissolved in ethanol to prepare polyacrylic resin II solution, and the mass ratio of the polyacrylic resin II to the ethanol is 1:2, spraying the polyacrylic resin II solution as an inner coating layer on the surface of the core material particles, wherein the spraying process is carried out in a fluidized granulating and coating machine to obtain polyacrylic resin II coated nicotinic acid particles;

The coating step of the nicotinic acid particles comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of the polyacrylic resin II to the rumen bypass fat powder is 1:2.

example 2

The preparation method of the rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 1, and is characterized in that the additive mass ratio of nicotinic acid to sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate in the core material is 30:1, the adding mass ratio of the sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate to the starch is 1:17; the mass ratio of the polyacrylic resin II to the rumen bypass fat powder in the coating is 1:2.5, and the mass ratio of the coating to the core material is 50:50.

example 3

The preparation method of the rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 1, and is characterized in that the additive mass ratio of nicotinic acid to sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate in the core material is 40:1, the adding mass ratio of the sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate to the starch is 1:20, a step of; the mass ratio of the polyacrylic resin II to the rumen bypass fat powder in the coating is 1:3, and the mass ratio of the coating to the core material is 60:45.

example 4

The preparation method of the rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 2, and is characterized in that the additive mass ratio of nicotinic acid to sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate in the core material is 20:1.

example 5

The preparation method of the rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 2, and is characterized in that the additive mass ratio of nicotinic acid to sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate in the core material is 40:1.

example 6

A preparation method of rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in example 2, except that,

the core particle preparation step comprises the following steps: the coating further comprises a mass ratio of 1:2, and the mass ratio of the sum of the addition amounts of the riboflavin and the L-carnitine to the addition amount of the nicotinic acid is 1:12, riboflavin and L-carnitine are added together with nicotinic acid and sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate, and the mass ratio of the coating to the core material is 50:50, namely the mass ratio of the sum of polyacrylic resin II and rumen bypass fat powder to the sum of nicotinic acid, sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate, riboflavin and L-carnitine and starch is 50:50.

example 7

the core particle preparation step comprises the following steps: the coating further comprises a mass ratio of 1:3, and the mass ratio of the sum of the addition amounts of the riboflavin and the L-carnitine to the addition amount of the nicotinic acid is 1: the riboflavin and L-carnitine are added together with nicotinic acid and sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate, and the mass ratio of the coating to the core material is 50:50, namely the mass ratio of the sum of polyacrylic resin II and rumen bypass fat powder to the sum of nicotinic acid, sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate, riboflavin and L-carnitine and starch is 50:50.

example 8

A preparation method of rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in example 6, except that,

in the core particle preparation step, the equal amount of riboflavin is replaced by L-carnitine, and the mass ratio of the addition amount of L-carnitine to the addition amount of nicotinic acid is 1:12.

Example 9

A preparation method of a rumen-bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 8, except that in the core particle preparation step, L-carnitine is replaced by riboflavin in equal quantity, and the addition amount of the riboflavin and the addition mass ratio of the nicotinic acid are 1:12.

Example 10

A preparation method of a rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 2, and is characterized in that in the step of coating nicotinic acid particles, polyacrylic resin II in the coating is replaced by rumen bypass fat powder in an equivalent manner, and the coating material of core particles is rumen bypass fat powder single-layer coating.

Example 11

The preparation method of the rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 2, and is different in that in the step of coating the nicotinic acid particles, rumen bypass fatty powder in the coating is replaced by polyacrylic resin II in an equivalent amount, and the coating material of the core particles is polyacrylic resin II single-layer coating.

Example 12

A preparation method of a rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 6, and is characterized in that in the step of coating nicotinic acid particles, polyacrylic resin II in the coating is replaced by rumen bypass fat powder in an equivalent manner, and the coating material of core particles is rumen bypass fat powder single-layer coating.

Example 13

A preparation method of a rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the embodiment 6, and is characterized in that in the step of coating the nicotinic acid particles, rumen bypass fatty powder in the coating is replaced by polyacrylic resin II in an equivalent amount, and the coating material of core particles is polyacrylic resin II single-layer coating.

Comparative example

Comparative example 1

A preparation method of a rumen bypass additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the example 2, except that sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is not added into the core material, and only nicotinic acid is added.

Comparative example 2

A preparation method of a rumen bypass additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the example 2, except that nicotinic acid is not added into a core material, and only sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is added.

Comparative example 3

A preparation method of a rumen bypass additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the example 2, except that sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is replaced by nicotinic acid in an equivalent amount.

Comparative example 4

A preparation method of a rumen bypass additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the example 2, except that nicotinic acid is replaced by sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate in an equivalent amount.

Comparative example 5

A preparation method of a rumen bypass additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the example 2, except that the mass ratio of nicotinic acid to sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is 18:1.

Comparative example 6

A preparation method of a rumen bypass additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the example 2, wherein the mass ratio of nicotinic acid to sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is 43:1.

Comparative example 7

A preparation method of a rumen bypass additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the example 2, except that ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate is replaced by ferric chloride in equal amount.

Comparative example 8

A preparation method of a rumen bypass additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the example 2, except that ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate is replaced by ferrous sulfate in equal amount.

Comparative example 9

A preparation method of a rumen bypass additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the example 2, except that ferric sodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate is replaced by ferrous lactate in equal amount.

Comparative example 10

A preparation method of a rumen bypass additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows is carried out according to the method in the example 2, except that sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is replaced by ferric oxide in an equivalent amount.

Performance detection

1. Rumen bypass effect detection of rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive

Considering that the rumen bypass effect of the rumen bypass niacin additive is mainly related to the coating material and the coating and core material quality, the rumen bypass effect performance of the rumen bypass niacin additives prepared in examples 1-3, examples 10-13 and comparative examples 10-11 is mainly evaluated in the present application, specifically:

rumen degradation rates of additives of the test group and the control group of the present application at 2h, 8h, 12h and 24h 4 culture points were respectively measured by using a rumen nylon bag method using the rumen-passing niacin additives prepared in examples 1 to 3 and examples 10 to 13 as test groups and the non-coated niacin additives (i.e., niacin core particles in example 2) as control groups, and four parallel tests were performed for each test group and the control group, and the test results are shown in table 1 below, and the data in table 1 are the average of four repeated experiments.

TABLE 1 degradation Rate of rumen by-pass niacin additives (%)

As can be seen from the above Table 1, more than 95% of the non-coated nicotinic acid in the present application is degraded, the degradation rate of the coated rumen-bypass nicotinic acid in the rumen is reduced to 5-15% after culturing for 12h, the degradation rate after culturing for 24h is less than 20%, the degradation rate of the rumen-bypass nicotinic acid in the culture for 2h is less than 10%, and the degradation rates of the rumen-bypass nicotinic acid in the rumen are greatly reduced, especially, the degradation rates of the rumen-bypass nicotinic acid in the culture for 12h and the rumen for 24h in the embodiment 2 are respectively 5.64% and 7.98%, and the degradation rate is low, and in addition, the detection results of the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 11 and 12 show that the degradation rates of the polyacrylic resin II and the rumen-bypass fatty powder compounded in the rumen are far lower than that the two singly used in the present application.

2. Effect of rumen-bypass niacin additives on production performance of cows

The testing method comprises the following steps:

192 Holstein cows with similar post-partum amounts of 5-10d, ages, fetuses, body conditions and milk yields are selected as test cows, each 8 cows are a group, one group is a control group, basic ration is fed, the rest group is a test group, each cow of the test group is added with the rumen-passing nicotinic acid additive prepared in the examples and the comparative examples every day, 20g of each cow is fed in a single groove every day, the test cows are fed for 3 times in the morning and evening, 3 times of milking, rumen-passing nicotinic acid is mixed in concentrate, and the test period is 30d.

Testing performance

1) Determination of hydroxybutyric acid (BAHA)

Raising test cows according to the above test method, collecting blood from the tail root vein before feeding before test, 5 th day and 10 th day, and detecting BAHA content (mmol.L) with a hemocytometer ^-1 ) The test results of examples and comparative examples are shown in table 2 below, and the test results of the control group are shown in table 3 below.

Table 2 effect of rumen by-pass niacin additives on BAHA content in the plasma of lactating cows

TABLE 3 Effect of control group on BAHA content in blood plasma of lactating cows

Referring to the detection results in table 3 above, it can be known that when the lactating cows are fed with only basic ration, the BHBA content shows an ascending trend after feeding; referring again to the test results in the examples in table 2 above, BHBA content in the test group showed a decreasing trend after feeding rumen bypass niacin, which had a positive effect on preventing ketosis in cows.

Referring to the results of examples 2, 4 and 5 and comparative examples 5 and 6, it can be seen that changing the ratio of niacin to sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate, as the ratio of sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate increases, the BAHA concentration decreases significantly and then decreases slightly, when the amount of sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is too low, the BAHA change decreases slightly, and when the amount of sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is too large, the concentration of sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate increases significantly and then decreases, probably because the oxidation effect and the niacin auxiliary promoting effect are small when the amount of sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is too low, and when the amount of sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is too large, on the one hand, the effect on the formation of coenzyme I (nad+) and coenzyme ii (nadp+) is caused for conversion of niacinamide, and on the other hand, when the amount of sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate is too large, the difference between anions and cations in the system is not in a proper range, and the effect is reduced.

Referring to the detection results of comparative examples 1, 2 and 2, it can be seen that the BAHA content can be reduced by adding nicotinic acid and sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate, and by combining the detection results of comparative examples 4, 5 and 2, when the specific proportion of sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate and nicotinic acid is selected for compounding, the synergistic effect is achieved, the BAHA content is reduced, and the prevention effect on dairy cow ketosis is greatly improved. Referring again to the results of example 2 and comparative examples 7-9, it can be seen that when niacin is selected for compounding with other iron salts, the effect of reducing BAHA content is smaller, but far lower than that of the examples.

In combination with the test results of examples 10-11 and example 2, it can be seen that when only polyacrylic resin II or rumen bypass fat powder is selected as the coating material, the rumen bypass effect may be poor, and the effect of preventing ketosis of cows is low.

Referring again to the test results of examples 6-9, it can be seen that the addition of riboflavin, L-carnitine can further reduce BAHA content and further enhance the effect of preventing ketosis of cows.

1. Feed intake of dry matter

The measurement was carried out according to the above measurement method, taking the test group fed with the rumen bypass niacin additive prepared in example 2 as an example, the feed amount of the test group and the control group of example 2 and the residual feed amount after ingestion were accurately recorded every day, and the daily dry matter feed intake of each test cow was calculated, and the detection results are shown in table 4 below.

TABLE 4 influence of rumen by-pass niacin additives on dry matter feed intake of lactating cows

Detecting items	Example 2	Control group
			Feed intake of dry matter (kg/head, day)	15.24	13.04

From table 4 above, it can be seen that after the test cattle are fed with the rumen-bypass nicotinic acid additive prepared in example 2 of the present application, the dry matter feed intake of the test cattle is improved by 16.87% compared with that of the control group, and the rumen-bypass nicotinic acid additive is helpful for improving the feed intake of the dairy cows on the dry matter, so that the effect of preventing the ketosis of the dairy cows is achieved at the source.

In addition, the dry matter feed intake of other test groups is detected according to the method, and the dry matter feed intake of the rumen-bypass nicotinic acid additive prepared in the embodiment of the application is improved by 10.2-17.5% compared with that of a control group after the rumen-bypass nicotinic acid additive is fed, so that the rumen-bypass nicotinic acid additive is beneficial to improving the feed intake of cows on dry matters.

2. Measurement of milk yield

The milk yield was measured according to the above-mentioned measurement feeding method, taking as an example the test group fed with the rumen bypass niacin additive prepared in example 2, the milk yield of the test cows was recorded before the test, on days 10 and 30, respectively, to obtain the milk yield of the test cows in example 2, and the test results are shown in table 5 below.

TABLE 5 Effect of rumen by-pass niacin additives on milk production in lactating cows

Detecting items	Before the test	Day 10	Day 30
				Example 2 milk yield (kg. D-1)	24.35	27.32	31.78
Milk yield of control group (kg. D-1)	24.29	24.67	27.42

From table 5 above, after the test cattle fed the rumen-bypass niacin additive prepared in example 2 of the present application, the milk yield of the test cattle on day 30 was improved by 15.90% compared with the control group, and the addition of the rumen-bypass niacin additive was helpful for milk yield of the cows.

In addition, after other test groups detect the milk yield according to the method, the milk yield of the rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive prepared in the embodiment of the application is improved by 10.5-16.7% compared with the control group after the rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive is fed, and the rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive is beneficial to improving the milk yield of cows.

In summary, it can be seen that the rumen-bypass nicotinic acid additive obtained in the application is added into daily ration of dairy cows, so that the occurrence of ketosis of the dairy cows can be effectively prevented, meanwhile, the feed intake of the dairy cows and the milk yield of the dairy cows are obviously improved, and the economic benefit of pastures is greatly increased.

The present embodiment is merely illustrative of the present application and is not intended to be limiting, and those skilled in the art, after having read the present specification, may make modifications to the present embodiment without creative contribution as required, but is protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. The rumen-bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows comprises a coating and a core material, and is characterized in that the core material comprises nicotinic acid and auxiliary materials, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate, and the adding mass ratio of the sodium iron ethylenediamine tetraacetate to the nicotinic acid is 1: (20-40).

2. The rumen bypass niacin additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary material also comprises one or two of riboflavin and L-carnitine, and the mass ratio of the addition amount of the riboflavin and/or the L-carnitine to the addition amount of the nicotinic acid is 1: (12-16).

3. The rumen bypass niacin additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary materials also comprise the following components in percentage by mass: the mixture of riboflavin and L-carnitine of (2-3).

4. The rumen bypass niacin additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the coating to the core material is (40-60): (45-60).

5. The rumen bypass niacin additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows according to claim 1, wherein: the coating comprises the following components in percentage by mass: polyacrylic resin II and rumen bypass fat powder of (2-3).

6. The rumen bypass niacin additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows of claim 5, wherein: the rumen bypass fat powder is palm fat powder.

7. The rumen bypass niacin additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary material also comprises starch, and the adding mass ratio of the sodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate to the starch is 1: (15-20).

8. The method for preparing the rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:

preparing core material particles: mixing nicotinic acid and auxiliary materials uniformly in proportion, preparing with water, granulating and drying to obtain core material particles;

and (3) coating nicotinic acid particles: and coating the core material particles by adopting a coating to obtain the rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive.

9. The method for preparing the rumen bypass nicotinic acid additive for preventing ketosis of dairy cows according to claim 8, which is characterized in that: the coating comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the polyacrylic resin II and rumen bypass fat powder and nicotinic acid particle coating step of (2-3) are specifically operated as follows: dissolving polyacrylic resin II in ethanol to obtain polyacrylic resin II solution, spraying the polyacrylic resin II solution as an inner coating layer on the surfaces of core material particles, and drying to obtain polyacrylic resin II coated nicotinic acid particles;