WO2023273678A1

WO2023273678A1 - Distributed power distribution system and vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2023273678A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/093703
Authority: WO
Inventors: 许迎春; 汪少林; 刘奕辉; 刘会朴
Original assignee: 北京车和家信息技术有限公司
Priority date: 2021-06-29
Filing date: 2022-05-18
Publication date: 2023-01-05
Also published as: CN215120134U

Abstract

A distributed power distribution system and a vehicle. The distributed power distribution system comprises a plurality of distributed power distribution units (1), and the distributed power distribution units (1) are interconnected by means of a bus. Each distributed power distribution unit (1) comprises a functional safety control unit (2), at least one main channel (3), and at least one branch channel (4); one main channel (3) is electrically connected to the at least one branch channel (4); the safety control unit (2) is electrically connected to the main channel (3) and the branch channel (4) respectively; the main channel (3) sends a main channel monitoring feedback signal to the functional safety control unit (2); and the branch channel (4) sends a branch channel monitoring feedback signal to the functional safety control unit (2).

Description

Distributed Power Distribution System and Vehicles

Cross References to Related Applications

This application is based on a Chinese patent application with application number 202121462860.9 and a filing date of June 29, 2021, and claims the priority of this Chinese patent application. The entire content of this Chinese patent application is hereby incorporated by reference into this application.

technical field

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a distributed power distribution system and a vehicle.

Background technique

Vehicle-mounted PDU (Power Distribution Unit, power distribution unit) generally adopts centralized configuration and layout, which leads to many problems in vehicle-mounted PDU.

For example, the structure and volume of the centralized vehicle-mounted PDU make it difficult to deploy in the front and rear cabins and body units of the vehicle. In addition, the current vehicle-mounted PDU does not have functions such as monitoring and fault detection, and the maintainability is poor, and it will lead to the need to design the centralized vehicle-mounted PDU to ensure that there are enough wiring harnesses and better-performing fuses to resist such as load abnormalities. The resulting large current leads to the centralized configuration of the on-board PDU requiring complex wiring harnesses and corresponding wiring harness reinforcement components, the length of the cables is long, and the cost of the vehicle wiring harness and connectors is extremely high.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems or at least partly solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present disclosure provides a distributed power distribution system and a vehicle, which realize the unified management, configuration and configuration of distributed power distribution units, and reduce the distributed power Allocate system installation and operation and maintenance costs.

In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a distributed power distribution system, including:

A plurality of distributed power distribution units, the plurality of distributed power distribution units are interconnected through a bus;

Each of the distributed power distribution units includes a functional safety control unit, a main path and at least one branch path, the main path is electrically connected to the at least one branch path, and the functional safety control unit is respectively connected to the branch paths. The main path and the branch path are electrically connected; wherein, the main path sends a main path monitoring feedback signal to the functional safety control unit, and the at least one branch path sends a branch monitoring feedback signal to the Functional Safety Control Unit.

In one embodiment, one end of the main path is electrically connected to a power supply, and the at least one branch path is connected in parallel to the other end of the main path;

The at least one branch path is electrically connected to at least one load, and the power supply provides a power signal to the corresponding load through the main path and the corresponding branch path.

In one embodiment, the main pathway includes:

An electronic fuse control unit, a current sampling unit, and a switch unit, the electronic fuse control unit is electrically connected to the functional safety control unit, the current sampling unit, and the switch unit;

The functional safety control unit sends fusing simulation setting information to the electronic fuse control unit, and the electronic fuse control unit obtains the current flowing through the main path through the current sampling unit, and according to the current and The fusing simulation setting information controls the switch unit to be turned on or off;

The electronic fuse control unit sends a main circuit monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the main circuit path to the functional safety control unit.

In one embodiment, the current sampling unit includes a sampling resistor, and the switching unit includes a first switch and a second switch;

The first end of the sampling resistor is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply and the first sampling end of the electronic fuse control unit, and the second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the second sampling end of the electronic fuse control unit. electrical connection;

The control end of the first switch is electrically connected to the first control end of the electronic fuse control unit, the first end of the first switch is electrically connected to the second end of the sampling resistor, and the first The second end of a switch is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch and the second control end of the electronic fuse control unit, and the control end of the second switch is connected to the second control end of the electronic fuse control unit. The third control terminal is electrically connected, and the first terminal of the second switch is electrically connected to the at least one branch path.

In one embodiment, the current sampling unit includes a first sampling resistor and a second sampling resistor, and the switching unit includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a fourth switch;

The first terminal of the first sampling resistor is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply and the first sampling terminal of the electronic fuse control unit, and the second terminal of the first sampling resistor is connected to the electronic fuse control unit. The second sampling end is electrically connected, the control end of the first switch and the control end of the second switch are both electrically connected to the first control end of the electronic fuse control unit, and the first end of the first switch It is electrically connected to the second end of the first sampling resistor, and the second end of the first switch is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch and the second control end of the electronic fuse control unit respectively. connected, the first end of the second switch is electrically connected to the at least one branch path;

The first terminal of the second sampling resistor is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply and the third sampling terminal of the electronic fuse control unit, and the second terminal of the second sampling resistor is connected to the electronic fuse control unit. The fourth sampling terminal is electrically connected, the control terminal of the third switch and the control terminal of the fourth switch are both electrically connected to the third control terminal of the electronic fuse control unit, and the first terminal of the third switch It is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second sampling resistor, and the second terminal of the third switch is electrically connected to the second terminal of the fourth switch and the fourth control terminal of the electronic fuse control unit respectively. connected, the first end of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the at least one branch path.

In one embodiment, each of the branch pathways includes:

a high-side drive switch, the high-side drive switch is electrically connected to the functional safety control unit and a corresponding load;

The common terminal of the high-side drive switch is electrically connected to the main path, the control terminal of the high-side drive switch is electrically connected to the control output terminal of the functional safety control unit, and the feedback terminal of the high-side drive switch It is electrically connected with the monitoring input terminal of the functional safety control unit.

In one embodiment, the high-side driving switch sends a branch monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the branch path to the functional safety control unit, and the functional safety control unit Monitoring the feedback signal and/or user command to control the high side drive switch to be turned on or off.

In one embodiment, the distributed power distribution unit further includes:

A power supply unit, the power supply unit is electrically connected to the functional safety control unit, the power supply unit provides a power signal to the functional safety control unit, and the functional safety control unit monitors the working state of the power supply unit.

In one embodiment, the bus includes at least one of CAN bus, LIN bus or vehicle Ethernet.

In one implementation manner, the at least one branch path is electrically connected to the at least one load in one-to-one correspondence.

In one embodiment, each of the at least one branch path is electrically connected to a plurality of loads.

In one embodiment, the at least one branch path is electrically connected to the same load.

In one embodiment, each of the distributed power distribution units includes a plurality of the main paths and a plurality of the branch paths, and each of the main paths is electrically connected to at least one of the branch paths .

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a vehicle, including the distributed power distribution system as described in the first aspect.

In one embodiment, the vehicle is an autonomous vehicle.

Compared with the prior art, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure have the following advantages:

Compared with the traditional centralized fuse box, that is, the centralized PDU system, the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts a decentralized deployment method and splits the PDU into several distributed power distribution units (Distribution Power Distribution Unit, DPDU). The units can be distributed in different domain controllers of the vehicle corresponding to the positions of the loads to be connected, without having to be centrally arranged in the front and rear cabins or in the body, which is beneficial to reduce the heat concentration of the distributed power distribution system, and even if the distributed power distribution units are distributed In different positions of the vehicle, by setting the distributed power distribution units to be interconnected through the bus, the communication between the distributed power distribution units and the cascading between the distributed power distribution units are realized, which is conducive to the realization of distributed power distribution. The unified management, configuration and configuration of the units realize the decentralized energy distribution of the vehicle and reduce the cost of installation, operation and maintenance of the distributed power distribution system. In addition, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the functional safety control unit is set to obtain the main road monitoring feedback signal sent by the main road path and the branch road monitoring feedback signal sent by the branch road, and the functional safety control unit realizes the monitoring of the main road and the branch road. The monitoring and fault detection improves the maintainability and intelligence of the distributed power distribution system, and does not require the over-design of the centralized PDU, and can diagnose the situation of large current in advance, which is beneficial to reduce the wiring harness and the corresponding wiring harness Reinforce components, shorten the length of cables, reduce the distributed power distribution system and the wiring cost of the vehicle, and meet the requirements of the vehicle's automatic driving system for the PDU.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed power distribution system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed power distribution unit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed power distribution unit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

detailed description

In order to more clearly understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the solutions of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present disclosure, but the present disclosure can also be implemented in other ways than described here; obviously, the embodiments in the description are only some of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and Not all examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed power distribution system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the distributed power distribution system includes a plurality of distributed power distribution units 1, and Figure 1 exemplarily shows that the distributed power distribution system includes four distributed power distribution units 1, and the distributed power distribution unit 1 are interconnected via a bus. Exemplarily, the bus can include at least one of a CAN (Controller Area Network, Controller Area Network) bus, a LIN (Local Interconnect Network, Local Interconnect Network) bus or a vehicle-mounted Ethernet, and FIG. 1 exemplarily shows In the CAN bus communication mode, the embodiment of the present disclosure does not specifically limit the type of the bus between the distributed power distribution units 1 . In addition, the distributed power distribution system may also include a total power input 100, which is exemplarily electrically connected to the leftmost distributed power distribution unit 1 in Fig. The distribution unit 1 is powered. In addition, PWR in FIG. 1 represents a power supply line.

Specifically, the distributed power distribution units 1 are interconnected through a bus, that is, the distributed power distribution units 1 can communicate with each other through a bus interconnection link, which is conducive to the realization of software centralized management for the distributed power distribution unit 1, In terms of system management, the distributed power distribution unit 1 can be stacked into a whole module to realize business management in a unified manner, that is, several distributed power distribution units 1 can be stacked into a logical PDU unit by using virtualization technology and bus technology, which can satisfy Vehicle requirements for PDU configuration, management and upgrade.

Therefore, compared with the traditional centralized fuse box, that is, the centralized PDU system, the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts a decentralized deployment method to split the PDU into several distributed power distribution units 1, and the distributed power distribution units 1 can correspond to The locations of the loads to be connected are distributed in different domain controllers of the vehicle. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 1, the loads powered by the first distributed power distribution unit 1 from the left can be set to include HU (Head Unit, vehicle host), TBOX (Telematics BOX, telematics box), sunroof and USB (Universal Serial Bus, Universal Serial Bus), the loads powered by the second distributed power distribution unit 1 from the left include ESP (Electronic Stability Program, electronic stability program), ABS (Antilock Brake System, anti-lock brake system) , windows and seats, the third distributed power distribution unit 1 from the left supplies power to VESS (Virtual Engine Sound System, virtual engine sound system), PEPS (Passive Entry Passive System, keyless entry system), armrests and Air conditioner, the fourth distributed power distribution unit 1 from the left supplies power to loads including VCU (Vehicle Control Unit, vehicle controller), ECU (Electronic Control Unit, electronic control unit), ventilation and tailgate, and the corresponding distributed The power distribution unit 1 can select its own installation location corresponding to the location of the load it is connected to. Therefore, the distributed power distribution system provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure does not need to be centrally arranged in the front and rear cabins or vehicle body, which is beneficial to simplify the location selection process of the distributed power distribution unit 1 and reduce the heat concentration of the distributed power distribution system. It should be noted that, the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the number of loads corresponding to the distributed power distribution unit 1 and the corresponding relationship between the distributed power distribution unit 1 and specific loads.

In addition, the distributed power distribution units 1 are distributed in different positions of the vehicle, and by setting the distributed power distribution units 1 to be interconnected through the bus, the communication between the distributed power distribution units 1 and the communication between the distributed power distribution units 1 are realized. The cascading of the distributed power distribution unit 1 is conducive to the unified management, configuration and configuration of the distributed power distribution unit 1, thereby realizing the decentralized energy distribution of the vehicle and reducing the cost of installation and operation and maintenance of the distributed power distribution system.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed power distribution unit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. 1 and 2, the distributed power distribution unit 1 includes a functional safety control unit 2, at least one main path 3 and at least one branch path 4, and one main path 3 is electrically connected to at least one branch path 4, as shown in FIG. 2 exemplarily shows that the distributed power distribution unit 1 includes one main road 3 and four branch roads 4, one main road 3 corresponds to four branch roads 4, and one main road 3 and four branch roads 4 are electrically connected, the functional safety control unit 2 is electrically connected to the main road 3 and the branch road 4 respectively, the main road 3 sends the main road monitoring feedback signal to the functional safety control unit 2, and the branch road 4 sends the branch monitoring feedback signal To the functional safety control unit 2 , that is, the functional safety control unit 2 obtains the main circuit monitoring feedback signal sent by the main channel 3 and the branch circuit monitoring feedback signal sent by the branch channel 4 .

Specifically, the main road monitoring feedback signal sent by the main road path 3 can represent the electrical parameters corresponding to the main road path 3, for example, it can represent the current flowing through the main road path 3, and the branch monitoring feedback signal sent by the branch path 4 can represent The electrical parameter corresponding to the branch path 4 may, for example, represent the current flowing through the branch path 4 . Thus, by setting the functional safety control unit 2 to obtain the main road monitoring feedback signal sent by the main road 3 and the branch road monitoring feedback signal sent by the branch road 4, the functional safety control unit 2 realizes the monitoring of the main road 3 and the branch road. The monitoring and fault detection of channel 4 improves the maintainability and intelligence of the distributed power distribution system, and does not require over-design of the centralized PDU, and can diagnose the situation of large current in advance, which is beneficial to reduce the wiring harness And the corresponding wire harness reinforcement components shorten the cable length, reduce the wiring cost of the distributed power distribution system and the whole vehicle, and can meet the requirements of the vehicle automatic driving system for the PDU.

Exemplarily, the functional safety control unit 2 can be, for example, an MCU (Microcontroller Unit, microcontroller), and the inside of the MCU can include multiple CPUs (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit), and the MCU adopts a lock-step working mode to maintain multiple CPU And the precise synchronization of the memory, and the proofreading of the program execution results to ensure that any errors can be found, and multiple CPUs are mutually backed up, even if there is a short-term error in the operation of the MCU, the system can continue to process without loss Restoring normal operation in the case of data loss is beneficial to improving the diagnostic coverage of the MCU.

In addition, the interconnected bus between the distributed power distribution units 1 can be connected to the gateway system to realize OTA (Over-the-Air Technology, over-the-air technology) upgrade, and each distributed power distribution unit 1 can be changed by software. Parameters, and then adjust the current limiting value of the distributed power distribution unit 1 in real time according to the accumulated data of users, optimize the power supply demand of the load, and improve the reliability of power supply and load to the greatest extent.

It should be noted that Fig. 2 is only an exemplary setting that the distributed power distribution unit 1 includes one main path 3 and four branch paths 4, and one main path corresponds to four branch paths 4, and it is not for distributed power distribution. The number of main paths 3 and the number of branch paths 4 in the unit 1 is limited. The distributed power distribution unit 1 may include multiple main paths 3, and the number of branch paths 4 corresponding to the main path 3 is not specifically limited. When the functional safety level of the vehicle is required to be high, the number of the main road 3 and the branch road 4 can be increased according to the actual demand, or the corresponding redundant backup design can be carried out for the main road 3 and the branch road 4 to maximize To a certain extent, the flexible deployment of the distributed power distribution unit 1 is realized.

In one embodiment, with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, one end of the main path 3 can be set to be electrically connected to the power supply 5, and a plurality of branch paths 4 are connected in parallel to the other end of the main path 3, and the branch paths 4 are connected to the corresponding The load (not shown in FIG. 2 ) is electrically connected, and the power supply 5 provides a power signal to the corresponding load through the main path 3 and the corresponding branch path 4 . Specifically, a main road 6 is connected between the main road 3 and the branch road 4, that is, one end of the main road 3 can be electrically connected to the power supply 5, and the other end of the main road 3 can be electrically connected to one end of the main road 6. , a plurality of branch paths 4 are connected in parallel to the other end of the trunk path 6, the branch paths 4 are electrically connected to the corresponding loads, and the power supply 5 supplies the corresponding loads through the main path 3, the trunk path 6 and the corresponding branch paths 4 power signal.

Specifically, in one embodiment, one branch path 4 can be set corresponding to one load setting, for example, one branch path 4 can be set only corresponding to the load sunroof setting, or one branch path 4 can be set only corresponding to the load USB setting. In another embodiment, one branch path 4 can also be set to correspond to multiple load settings, for example, one branch path 4 can be set to correspond to the load sunroof and the load USB setting at the same time, or one branch path 4 can be set to correspond to the load skylight, Load USB and load HU settings. In another embodiment, multiple branch passages 4 can also be set corresponding to one load setting, for example, multiple branch passages 4 can be set corresponding to the load sunroof setting, and multiple branch passages 4 can be set corresponding to one load setting, which can realize The redundant backup power supply for the load improves the functional safety level of the distributed power distribution unit 1 . The main circuit 6 is the path through which the main current flows in the distributed power supply distribution unit 1. The main current is the current of the power signal output by the power supply 5, and the power signal output by the power supply 5 passes through the main circuit 3, the main circuit 6, and the corresponding branches in sequence. The path 4 transmits to the load electrically connected to the branch path 4 to supply power to the corresponding load. It should be noted that the embodiment of the present disclosure does not specifically limit the load type, and the setting of the load may meet the requirements of different types of loads, for example, the load may be a resistive load, an inductive load, or a capacitive load.

In one embodiment, in combination with FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the main path 3 can be set to include an electronic fuse control unit 7 , a current sampling unit 8 and a switch unit 9 , and the electronic fuse control unit 7 is connected to the functional safety control unit 2 respectively. , the current sampling unit 8 and the switch unit 9 are electrically connected. The functional safety control unit 2 sends fusing simulation setting information to the electronic fuse control unit 7, and the electronic fuse control unit 7 obtains the current flowing through the main path 3 through the current sampling unit 8, and controls the switch unit according to the current and the fusing simulation setting information 9 is turned on or off. The electronic fuse control unit 7 can also send the main circuit monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the main circuit path 3 to the functional safety control unit 2 .

Specifically, the electronic fuse control unit 7 is the driver of the switch unit 9, and the electronic fuse control unit 7 can sample the current flowing through the main path 3 through the current sampling unit 8, that is, the main current mentioned in the above embodiment. In addition, in order to realize the simulation of the fuse fusing process, the functional safety control unit 2 sends fusing simulation setting information to the electronic fuse control unit 7, and the fusing simulation setting information may include the I2t curve corresponding to the fusing of the fuse, where I represents the current flowing through the fuse , t represents time, and I2t can represent the heat information corresponding to the fuse. The electronic fuse control unit 7 can obtain the I2t curve information of the fuse blown through the functional safety control unit 2. After the electronic fuse control unit 7 obtains the current flowing through the main path 3, it can The I2t curve information judges whether the heat obtained by the current current through the I2t calculation has reached the critical point of fuse fusing. If it has reached, it means that the current flowing through the main path 3 is too large, and the electronic fuse control unit 7 controls the switch unit 9 Disconnect, and then disconnect the power supply of all loads; if not, the electronic fuse control unit 7 will control the switch unit 9 to close, so as to realize the simulation of the working process of the fuse.

The embodiment of the present disclosure adopts the form of electronic fuse EFUSE (Electronics Fuses), which replaces the traditional plug-in fuse with a semiconductor device and can also realize the fusing function. The difference from the fuse is that the electronic fuse is electronically controlled. way to realize the fusing of the fuse. In addition, the traditional PDU uses a relay component to control the conduction and disconnection of the path, but the power surge current is likely to be generated when the relay is powered on, and the power surge current will affect the reliability of the relay contact. The embodiment of the present disclosure uses a semiconductor device The electronic fuse constituted realizes the control of the conduction and disconnection of the main circuit 3, and the semiconductor device has a strong current resistance and does not have a physical contact structure, so it effectively avoids the power surge current that will affect the contact of the relay. The problem of the reliability of the point work, that is, the damage of the surge current to the power switch is effectively avoided. Therefore, the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts the functional safety control unit 2 with a higher level of functional safety features, combined with the electronic fuse module to realize the distributed power distribution unit 1, replacing the traditional hardware solution based on fuses and circuit breakers.

In addition, the electronic fuse control unit 7 can also send the main circuit monitoring feedback signal of the main circuit path 3 to the functional safety control unit 2 . Specifically, the main circuit monitoring feedback signal of the main circuit path 3 may include, for example, current information flowing through the primary path path 3, and the electronic fuse control unit 7 feeds back the judgment result of the monitored current flowing through the primary path path 3 to the function The safety control unit 2, the functional safety control unit 2 can, for example, give an alarm prompt when judging that the current flowing through the main road path 3 is too large according to the judgment result fed back by the electronic fuse control unit 7, for example, through a display device or an audio device in the vehicle Carry out an alarm prompt for excessive current in the main circuit.

In one embodiment, with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the current sampling unit 8 can be set to include a sampling resistor R, the switch unit 9 includes a first switch K1 and a second switch K2, and the first end of the sampling resistor R is connected to the power supply 5 respectively. The positive pole of the resistor R is electrically connected to the first sampling terminal A1 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, the second terminal of the sampling resistor R is electrically connected to the second sampling terminal A2 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, and the negative pole of the power supply 5 is grounded to GND. The control end of the first switch K1 is electrically connected to the first control end B1 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, the first end of the first switch K1 is electrically connected to the second end of the sampling resistor R, and the second end of the first switch K1 They are respectively electrically connected to the second end of the second switch K2 and the second control end B2 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, and the control end of the second switch K2 is electrically connected to the third control end B3 of the electronic fuse control unit 7. The first end of the second switch K2 is electrically connected to the corresponding branch path 4 .

Specifically, the current sampling unit 8 can be, for example, a sampling resistor R, and the setting of the connection relationship of the sampling resistor R enables the current sampling unit 8 to accurately collect the current flowing through the main path 3, and the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 can be both They are MOS tubes, that is, they are all transistors, the gate of the transistor is used as the control terminal of the switch, the drain of the transistor is used as the first terminal of the switch, and the source of the transistor is used as the second terminal of the switch. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the sampling resistor R, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 form a series relationship. When the electronic fuse control unit 7 controls both the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 to be turned on, but it When the current flowing through the main path 3 is not detected, the electronic fuse control unit 7 judges that the first switch K1 and/or the second switch K2 fail, that is, the first switch K1 and/or the second switch K2 cannot work normally. work, the electronic fuse control unit 7 controls both the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 to be turned off, so as to ensure that the power supply 5 cannot supply power to the external load, that is, when one of the switches fails, the other switch can be turned off to ensure the power supply 5 Unable to supply power to external loads.

Vehicles have certain requirements for ASIL (Automotive Safety Integrity Level, Automotive Safety Integrity Level). As a key component of the vehicle system, the PDU unit must meet the definition and requirements of vehicle functional safety. For the vehicle-mounted PDU unit with centralized configuration and layout, it is difficult to achieve redundancy and diagnosis of relay and fuse components, so it is difficult to meet the requirements of automatic driving above level 2 safety level, resulting in insufficient functional safety of the PDU unit. The electronic fuse module in the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts a semiconductor component with a self-diagnosis function, which can provide real-time diagnostic information while realizing current protection, and can isolate the fault when the main circuit 3 has a fault phenomenon, that is, the present disclosure The functional safety control unit 2 in the embodiment has a monitoring mechanism, and the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are mutual backups. The electronic fuse module fully considers the failure mode of the MOS tube itself, and corresponds to the level 2 safety level requirements, and can adopt The modes of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 as shown in FIG. 2 are used to effectively improve the safety level of the distributed power distribution system, thereby improving the safety level of the vehicle.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed power distribution unit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Different from the distributed power distribution unit 1 shown in FIG. 2, in the distributed power distribution unit 1 shown in FIG. 3, the current sampling unit 8 includes a first sampling resistor R1 and a second sampling resistor R2, and the switch unit 9 includes The first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4. The first terminal of the first sampling resistor R1 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply 5 and the first sampling terminal A1 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, and the second terminal of the first sampling resistor R1 is connected to the second terminal of the electronic fuse control unit 7. The sampling terminal A2 is electrically connected, the negative pole of the power supply 5 is grounded GND, the control terminal of the first switch K1 and the control terminal of the second switch K2 are both electrically connected with the first control terminal B1 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, and the control terminal of the first switch K1 The first end is electrically connected to the second end of the first sampling resistor R1, the second end of the first switch K1 is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch K2 and the second control end B2 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, respectively, The first end of the second switch K2 is electrically connected to the corresponding branch path 4 . The first terminal of the second sampling resistor R2 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply 5 and the third sampling terminal A3 of the electronic fuse control unit 7 respectively, and the second terminal of the second sampling resistor R2 is connected to the fourth terminal A3 of the electronic fuse control unit 7. The sampling terminal A4 is electrically connected, the control terminal of the third switch K3 and the control terminal of the fourth switch K4 are electrically connected with the third control terminal B3 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, and the first terminal of the third switch K3 is connected with the second sampling terminal. The second end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected, the second end of the third switch K3 is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth switch K4 and the fourth control end B4 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, and the first end of the fourth switch K4 Terminals are electrically connected to corresponding branch paths 4.

Specifically, the setting of the connection relationship between the first sampling resistor R1 and the second sampling resistor R2 enables the two sampling resistors to accurately collect the current flowing through the main path 3, the first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the third switch K3 The gate of the transistor is used as the control terminal of the switch, the drain of the transistor is used as the first terminal of the switch, and the source of the transistor is used as the second terminal of the switch.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first sampling resistor R1, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 form a series relationship, and the second sampling resistor R2, the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 form a series relationship. The electronic fuse control unit 7 controls the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 to be turned on. When there is no current, it is judged that the switches in the series branch are invalid. At this time, the electronic fuse control unit 7 controls all the switches in the series branch to be disconnected, and controls all the switches in the other series branch to be turned on, so as to ensure The power supply 5 can supply power to the external load through the series branch connected by the switch, that is, the two series branches in FIG. 3 serve as backups for each other.

For the on-board PDU unit with centralized configuration and layout, it is difficult to achieve redundancy and diagnosis of relay and fuse components, so it is difficult to meet the requirements of automatic driving above level 2 safety level, resulting in insufficient functional safety of the PDU unit. The electronic fuse module in the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts a semiconductor component with a self-diagnosis function, which can provide real-time diagnostic information while realizing current protection, and can isolate the fault when the main circuit 3 has a fault phenomenon, that is, the present disclosure The functional safety control unit 2 in the embodiment has a monitoring mechanism, and the two series branches in Figure 3 described in the above embodiment are mutually backup, that is, the electronic fuse module fully considers the failure mode of the MOS tube itself, and corresponds to the level For safety level requirements of 3 and above, the mode of two sampling resistors with four switches as shown in Figure 3 can be used to further improve the safety level of the distributed power distribution system, thereby improving the safety level of the vehicle.

In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , the branch path 4 may include a high-side driving switch 10 , and the high-side driving switch 10 is electrically connected to the functional safety control unit 2 and the corresponding load, respectively. Specifically, one high-side drive switch 10 can be set to correspond to one load setting, or one high-side drive switch 10 can be set to correspond to multiple load settings, or multiple high-side drive switches 10 can be set to correspond to one load setting, so as to realize the load setting of the load. Redundant backup power supply improves the functional safety level of the distributed power distribution unit 1 , and the high-side drive switch 10 can be electrically connected to the corresponding load through a separate port not shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 .

The common terminal C1 of the high-side driving switch 10 is electrically connected to the corresponding main path 3, the control terminal C2 of the high-side driving switch 10 is electrically connected to the control output terminal of the functional safety control unit 2, and the feedback terminal C3 of the high-side driving switch 10 It is electrically connected with the monitoring input terminal of the functional safety control unit 2 . In one embodiment, the high-side drive switch 10 sends a branch monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the branch path 4 to the functional safety control unit 2, and the functional safety control unit 2 sends the branch monitoring feedback signal and/or The user command controls the high-side drive switch 10 to be turned on or off.

Specifically, the high-side drive switch 10 is an HSD (High Side Drivers, high-side drive) switch, and the common terminal C1 of the high-side drive switch 10 is one end of all high-side drive switches 10 electrically connected to the main path 3, and the high-side drive The switch 10 is turned on or off according to the signal received by its control terminal C2, and the power supply 5 supplies power to the corresponding load through the turned-on switch in the main path 3 and the turned-on high-side drive switch 10 . In addition, the branch monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the branch path 4 sent by the high-side drive switch 10 to the functional safety control unit 2 includes whether the current flowing through the high-side drive switch 10 is too large, whether the high-side drive switch 10 is short-circuited to ground or For information such as power short circuit and whether the high-side driving switch 10 is in an over-temperature working state, the functional safety control unit 2 judges the corresponding high-side driving switch 10 according to the branch monitoring feedback signal of the corresponding branch path 4 fed back by the high-side driving switch 10 When there is an excessive current, a short circuit to ground, a short circuit to the power supply, or an overtemperature situation, the functional safety control unit 2 controls the high-side drive switch 10 in the corresponding branch path 4 to be disconnected, and then disconnects the high-side drive switch 10 from the high-side drive switch. 10 A source of power supply for electrically connected loads. In addition, the functional safety control unit 2 can also control the high-side drive switch 10 to be turned on or off according to user instructions. For example, if the user needs to open the vehicle window of the vehicle, the corresponding window opening instruction can be sent to the functional safety control unit 2. The functional safety control unit 2 further controls the high-side drive switch 10 electrically connected to the window load to be turned on.

Therefore, the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts multiple high-side drive switches 10 to form multiple branch paths 4, thereby realizing power network distribution, and the functional safety control unit 2 can monitor the working status of the high-side drive switches 10, namely The functional safety control unit 2 is used to realize the monitoring and fault detection of the branch path 4, which improves the maintainability and intelligence of the distributed power distribution system, and does not require over-design of the centralized PDU, and can be diagnosed in advance In the case of high current, it is beneficial to reduce the wiring harness and the corresponding wiring harness reinforcement components, shorten the length of the cable, reduce the distributed power distribution system and the wiring cost of the vehicle, and can meet the requirements of the vehicle's automatic driving system for the PDU.

In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , the distributed power distribution unit 1 may further include a power supply unit 11, the power supply unit 11 is electrically connected to the functional safety control unit 2, and the power supply unit 11 provides power to the functional safety control unit 2 signal, the functional safety control unit 2 monitors the working state of the power supply unit 11 .

Specifically, the power supply unit 11 may include SBC (System Basis Chips, System Basis Chips). The power supply unit 11 not only supplies power to the functional safety control unit 2 to ensure the normal operation of the functional safety control unit 2, but also includes fault output characteristics and undervoltage The window watchdog circuit with reset characteristics, PWR in Figure 2 and Figure 3 indicates the power interface, SPI indicates the serial peripheral interface, and IO indicates the input and output interface. In addition, in the current centralized PDU, the fuse will be disconnected directly without warning, and does not have any monitoring mechanism. In addition to using the functional safety control unit 2 to monitor the working status of the main channel 3 and the branch channel 4, the embodiments of the present disclosure also Improve the functional safety level of the distributed power distribution unit 1, and also set a functional safety control unit 2 to monitor the working status of the power supply unit 11, such as monitoring whether the power supply unit 11 is faulty or whether the power supply module is undervoltage, etc., to ensure that the functional safety unit is safe for internal and external The structures all have a monitoring mechanism, which further improves the functional safety level of the distributed power distribution unit 1 , thereby improving the functional safety level of the vehicle. In addition, when the functional safety control unit 2 detects that the power supply unit 11 is faulty or undervoltage, it can upload the abnormality information of the power supply unit 11 to the vehicle machine or the user.

The embodiments of the present disclosure support the distributed layout of PDUs in the field of new energy vehicles, that is, ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System, Advanced Driver Assistance System) and the field of automatic driving, and meet the requirements of decentralized energy distribution. Centralized PDUs can hardly be reconfigured. To develop different PDU units for different models, the embodiment of the present disclosure splits the PDU unit into multiple distributed power distribution units, and directly replaces some of the distributed power distribution units according to different models, and the distributed power The distribution unit is a sub-module that can be reused. Different sub-modules can be configured as load sharing, cold backup, hot backup and other working modes to meet diverse usage requirements, that is, the distributed power distribution unit can be connected in parallel to achieve load sharing. And backup and other working modes to meet the design requirements of different flow levels and different reliability levels. Specifically, using two distributed power distribution units to supply power to a load at the same time corresponds to the hot backup working mode. There is a distributed power distribution unit that does not work. When the other distributed power distribution units fail, the non-working distributed power distribution unit enters The working mode corresponds to the cold backup working mode, and backup processing can be done for the more critical loads in the vehicle, such as brakes. In addition, for large current loads, the parallel connection feature of the distributed power distribution unit can be used to split the large load into several small loads, which is conducive to unifying the selection of wiring harnesses and connectors and reducing implementation costs. Similarly, the flow capacity of the distributed power distribution unit can also be dynamically adjusted according to needs to adapt to different load conditions.

Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a vehicle, which includes the distributed power distribution system described in the above embodiments, so the vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the beneficial effects described in the above embodiments. The vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may be, for example, an automatic driving vehicle. In addition, the vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be a fuel vehicle, a pure electric vehicle, or a gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle, etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that in this article, relative terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply these No such actual relationship or order exists between entities or operations. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

The above are only specific implementation manners of the present disclosure, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to these embodiments herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

A distributed power distribution system, characterized in that it comprises:

A plurality of distributed power distribution units, the plurality of distributed power distribution units are interconnected through a bus;

Each of the distributed power distribution units includes a functional safety control unit, a main path and at least one branch path, the main path is electrically connected to the at least one branch path, and the functional safety control unit is respectively connected to the branch paths. The main path and the at least one branch path are electrically connected; wherein, the main path sends a main path monitoring feedback signal to the functional safety control unit, and the at least one branch path sends a branch monitoring feedback signal to The functional safety control unit.
The distributed power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein one end of the main path is electrically connected to a power supply, and the at least one branch path is connected in parallel to the other end of the main path;

The at least one branch path is electrically connected to at least one load, and the power supply provides a power signal to the corresponding load through the main path and the corresponding branch path.
The distributed power distribution system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the main path comprises:

An electronic fuse control unit, a current sampling unit, and a switch unit, the electronic fuse control unit is electrically connected to the functional safety control unit, the current sampling unit, and the switch unit;

The functional safety control unit sends fusing simulation setting information to the electronic fuse control unit, and the electronic fuse control unit obtains the current flowing through the main path through the current sampling unit, and according to the current and The fusing simulation setting information controls the switch unit to be turned on or off;

The electronic fuse control unit sends a main circuit monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the main circuit path to the functional safety control unit.
The distributed power distribution system according to claim 3, wherein the current sampling unit includes a sampling resistor, and the switching unit includes a first switch and a second switch;

The first end of the sampling resistor is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply and the first sampling end of the electronic fuse control unit, and the second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the second sampling end of the electronic fuse control unit. electrical connection;

The control end of the first switch is electrically connected to the first control end of the electronic fuse control unit, the first end of the first switch is electrically connected to the second end of the sampling resistor, and the first The second end of a switch is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch and the second control end of the electronic fuse control unit;

The control terminal of the second switch is electrically connected to the third control terminal of the electronic fuse control unit, and the first terminal of the second switch is electrically connected to the at least one branch path.
The distributed power distribution system according to claim 3, wherein the current sampling unit includes a first sampling resistor and a second sampling resistor, and the switching unit includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and the fourth switch;

The first terminal of the first sampling resistor is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply and the first sampling terminal of the electronic fuse control unit, and the second terminal of the first sampling resistor is connected to the electronic fuse control unit. The second sampling terminal is electrically connected;

Both the control terminal of the first switch and the control terminal of the second switch are electrically connected to the first control terminal of the electronic fuse control unit, and the first terminal of the first switch is connected to the first sampling resistor The second end of the first switch is electrically connected to the second end of the first switch, respectively, the second end of the second switch and the second control end of the electronic fuse control unit are electrically connected, and the second switch A first end of the at least one branch path is electrically connected;

The first terminal of the second sampling resistor is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply and the third sampling terminal of the electronic fuse control unit, and the second terminal of the second sampling resistor is connected to the electronic fuse control unit. The fourth sampling terminal is electrically connected;

Both the control terminal of the third switch and the control terminal of the fourth switch are electrically connected to the third control terminal of the electronic fuse control unit, and the first terminal of the third switch is connected to the second sampling resistor The second end of the third switch is electrically connected to the second end of the third switch, respectively, the second end of the fourth switch and the fourth control end of the electronic fuse control unit are electrically connected, and the fourth switch The first end of the first end is electrically connected with the at least one branch path.
The distributed power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein each branch path comprises:

a high-side drive switch, the high-side drive switch is electrically connected to the functional safety control unit and a corresponding load;

The common terminal of the high-side drive switch is electrically connected to the main path, the control terminal of the high-side drive switch is electrically connected to the control output terminal of the functional safety control unit, and the feedback terminal of the high-side drive switch It is electrically connected with the monitoring input terminal of the functional safety control unit.
The distributed power distribution system according to claim 6, wherein the high-side drive switch sends a branch monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the branch path to the functional safety control unit, and the functional safety control unit The high-side driving switch is controlled to be turned on or off according to a branch monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the branch path and/or a user instruction.
The distributed power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the distributed power distribution unit further comprises:

A power supply unit, the power supply unit is electrically connected to the functional safety control unit, the power supply unit provides a power signal to the functional safety control unit, and the functional safety control unit monitors the working state of the power supply unit.
The distributed power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the bus includes at least one of CAN bus, LIN bus or vehicle Ethernet.
The distributed power distribution system according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that,

The at least one branch path is electrically connected to the at least one load in one-to-one correspondence; or

Each of the at least one branch path is electrically connected to a plurality of loads; or

The at least one branch path is electrically connected to the same load.
The distributed power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein each of the distributed power distribution units includes a plurality of main paths and a plurality of branch paths, each One of the main paths is electrically connected to at least one of the branch paths.
A vehicle, such as an autonomous vehicle, is characterized by comprising the distributed power distribution system according to any one of claims 1-11.