CN215120134U - Distributed power distribution system and vehicle - Google Patents
Distributed power distribution system and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN215120134U CN215120134U CN202121462860.9U CN202121462860U CN215120134U CN 215120134 U CN215120134 U CN 215120134U CN 202121462860 U CN202121462860 U CN 202121462860U CN 215120134 U CN215120134 U CN 215120134U
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
Abstract
The utility model relates to a distributed power distribution system and vehicle, distributed power distribution system includes a plurality of distributed power distribution units, and the distributed power distribution units are interconnected through the bus; the distributed power supply distribution unit comprises a functional safety control unit, at least one main path and at least one branch path, wherein one main path is electrically connected with at least one branch path, the safety control unit is electrically connected with the main path and the branch path respectively, the main path sends a main path monitoring feedback signal to the functional safety control unit, and the branch path sends a branch path monitoring feedback signal to the functional safety control unit. By the technical scheme, unified management, configuration and configuration of the distributed power distribution units are realized, the installation, operation and maintenance costs of the distributed power distribution system are reduced, the maintainability and the intelligent degree of the distributed power distribution system are improved, and the requirements of an automatic vehicle driving system can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of vehicle technologies, and in particular, to a distributed power distribution system and a vehicle.
Background
In-vehicle PDUs (Power Distribution units) generally adopt a centralized configuration and layout, which causes problems.
For example, centrally configured vehicle-mounted PDUs are bulky in structure and volume, making them difficult to deploy in the front and rear cabins of the vehicle as well as in the body units. In addition, the current vehicle-mounted PDU does not have the functions of monitoring, fault detection and the like, the maintainability is poor, and the centralized vehicle-mounted PDU needs to be over-designed to ensure that enough wire harnesses and fuses with better performance can resist large current caused by load abnormality, so that the centralized vehicle-mounted PDU needs complicated wire harnesses and corresponding wire harness reinforcing assemblies, the length of cables is long, and the cost of the whole vehicle wire harness and the connector is extremely high.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem or at least partially solve the technical problem, the present disclosure provides a distributed power distribution system and a vehicle, which implement uniform management, configuration and configuration of distributed power distribution units, and reduce costs of installation, operation and maintenance of the distributed power distribution system.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a distributed power distribution system, including:
the distributed power distribution units are interconnected through a bus;
the distributed power supply distribution unit comprises a functional safety control unit, at least one main path and at least one branch path, wherein one main path is electrically connected with at least one branch path, and the functional safety control unit is respectively electrically connected with the main path and the branch path; the main path sends a main path monitoring feedback signal to the functional safety control unit, and the branch path sends a branch path monitoring feedback signal to the functional safety control unit.
Optionally, one end of the main path is electrically connected to a power supply, and a plurality of the branch paths are connected in parallel to the other end of the main path;
the branch circuit is electrically connected with a corresponding load, and the power supply provides a power supply signal to the corresponding load through the main circuit and the corresponding branch circuit.
Optionally, the main path includes:
the electronic fuse control unit is electrically connected with the functional safety control unit, the current sampling unit and the switch unit respectively;
the functional safety control unit sends fusing simulation setting information to the electronic fuse control unit, and the electronic fuse control unit acquires current flowing through the main circuit path through the current sampling unit and controls the switch unit to be switched on or switched off according to the current and the fusing simulation setting information;
and the electronic fuse control unit sends a main path monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the main path to the functional safety control unit.
Optionally, the current sampling unit includes a sampling resistor, and the switching unit includes a first switch and a second switch;
the first end of the sampling resistor is respectively and electrically connected with the anode of a power supply and the first sampling end of the electronic fuse control unit, and the second end of the sampling resistor is electrically connected with the second sampling end of the electronic fuse control unit;
the control end of first switch with electronic fuse the control unit's first control end electricity is connected, the first end of first switch with sampling resistance's second end electricity is connected, the second end of first switch respectively with the second of second switch end and electronic fuse the control unit's second control end electricity is connected, the control end of second switch with electronic fuse the control unit's third control end electricity is connected, the first end of second switch with correspond branch road electricity is connected.
Optionally, the current sampling unit includes a first sampling resistor and a second sampling resistor, and the switching unit includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch;
the first end of the first sampling resistor is electrically connected with the positive electrode of a power supply and the first sampling end of the electronic fuse control unit respectively, the second end of the first sampling resistor is electrically connected with the second sampling end of the electronic fuse control unit, the control end of the first switch and the control end of the second switch are electrically connected with the first control end of the electronic fuse control unit, the first end of the first switch is electrically connected with the second end of the first sampling resistor, the second end of the first switch is electrically connected with the second end of the second switch and the second control end of the electronic fuse control unit respectively, and the first end of the second switch is electrically connected with the corresponding branch circuit;
the first end of second sampling resistance respectively with the positive pole of power and electronic fuse the control unit's third sample end is connected, the second end of second sampling resistance with electronic fuse the control unit's fourth sample end is connected electrically, the control end of third switch and the control end of fourth switch all with electronic fuse the control unit's third control end electricity is connected, the first end of third switch with the second end electricity of second sampling resistance is connected, the second end of third switch respectively with the second end of fourth switch and electronic fuse the control unit's fourth control end electricity is connected, the first end of fourth switch with correspond branch circuit electricity is connected.
Optionally, the bypass passage comprises:
the high-side driving switch is electrically connected with the functional safety control unit and the corresponding load respectively;
the common end of the high-side driving switch is electrically connected with the corresponding main path, the control end of the high-side driving switch is electrically connected with the control output end of the functional safety control unit, and the feedback end of the high-side driving switch is electrically connected with the monitoring input end of the functional safety control unit.
Optionally, the high-side driving switch sends a branch monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the branch passage to the functional safety control unit, and the functional safety control unit controls the high-side driving switch to be turned on or off according to the branch monitoring feedback signal and/or a user instruction corresponding to the branch passage.
Optionally, the distributed power distribution unit further comprises:
the power supply unit is electrically connected with the functional safety control unit, the power supply unit provides a power supply signal for the functional safety control unit, and the functional safety control unit monitors the working state of the power supply unit.
Optionally, the bus comprises at least one of a CAN bus, a LIN bus, or a vehicle ethernet.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a vehicle including the distributed power distribution system according to the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following advantages:
compared with the traditional centralized fuse box, namely a centralized PDU system, the embodiment of the invention adopts a decentralized deployment mode to split the PDU into a plurality of Distributed Power Distribution Units (DPDUs) which can be distributed in different domain controllers of a vehicle corresponding to the positions of loads to be connected without being centrally arranged in front and rear engine rooms or a vehicle body, which is beneficial to reducing the heat concentration of the distributed Power Distribution system, and even if the distributed Power Distribution units are distributed at different positions of the vehicle, the communication among the distributed Power Distribution units and the cascade among the distributed Power Distribution units are realized by arranging the distributed Power Distribution units to be interconnected through buses, the unified management, configuration and configuration of the distributed Power Distribution units are favorably realized, and further the energy Distribution of the vehicle is decentralized, the installation and operation and maintenance cost of the distributed power distribution system is reduced. In addition, the functional safety control unit can acquire the main circuit monitoring feedback signal sent by the main circuit path and the branch circuit monitoring feedback signal sent by the branch circuit path, the monitoring and fault detection of the main circuit path and the branch circuit path are realized by the functional safety control unit, the maintainability and the intelligent degree of the distributed power supply distribution system are improved, the over-design adopted by the centralized PDU is not needed, the conditions of large current and the like can be diagnosed in advance, the reduction of the wire harness and the corresponding wire harness reinforcing component is facilitated, the length of a cable is shortened, the wiring cost of the distributed power supply distribution system and the whole vehicle is reduced, and the requirement of an automatic driving system of the vehicle on the PDU can be met.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed power distribution unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another distributed power distribution unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, aspects of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced in other ways than those described herein; it is to be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the specification are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the distributed power distribution system includes a plurality of distributed power distribution units 1, and fig. 1 exemplarily shows that the distributed power distribution system includes four distributed power distribution units 1, and the distributed power distribution units 1 are interconnected by a bus. Illustratively, the bus may include at least one of a CAN (Controller Area Network) bus, a LIN (Local Interconnect Network) bus, or a vehicle ethernet, fig. 1 exemplarily illustrates a CAN bus communication manner, and the embodiment of the present disclosure does not specifically limit the type of the bus between the distributed power distribution units 1. In addition, the distributed power distribution system may further include a power master input 100, the power master input 100 being illustratively electrically connected to the leftmost distributed power distribution unit 1 in fig. 1, the power master input 100 supplying power to each distributed power distribution unit 1. In addition, PWR in fig. 1 denotes a power supply line.
Specifically, the distributed power distribution units 1 are interconnected through a bus, that is, the distributed power distribution units 1 can communicate with each other by means of a bus interconnection link, which is beneficial to realizing software centralized management for the distributed power distribution units 1, the distributed power distribution units 1 can be stacked into an integral module in system management, so as to realize service management uniformly, that is, a plurality of distributed power distribution units 1 are stacked into a logic PDU unit by adopting a virtualization technology and utilizing the bus technology, so that the requirements of configuration, management and upgrading of the PDU by vehicles can be met.
Therefore, compared with a traditional centralized fuse box, namely a centralized PDU system, the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts a decentralized deployment manner to split the PDU into a plurality of distributed power distribution units 1, and the distributed power distribution units 1 may be distributed in different domain controllers of the vehicle corresponding to the positions of loads to be connected. For example, as shown in fig. 1, a load powered by the first distributed power distribution Unit 1 on the left may be provided with a HU (Head Unit), a TBOX (Telematics BOX), a sunroof, and a USB (Universal Serial Bus), a load powered by the second distributed power distribution Unit 1 on the left may be provided with an ESP (Electronic Stability Program), an ABS (Antilock Brake System), a window, and a seat, a load powered by the third distributed power distribution Unit 1 on the left may be provided with a VESS (Virtual Engine Sound System), a PEPS (Passive Entry System), a handrail, and an air conditioner, and a load powered by the fourth distributed power distribution Unit 1 on the left may be provided with a VCU (Vehicle Control Unit, ECU (Electronic Control Unit), and a Control Unit, Ventilation and tailgate, the respective distributed power distribution unit 1 can then select its own setting position corresponding to the position of the load to which it is connected. Therefore, the distributed power distribution system provided by the embodiment of the disclosure does not need to be arranged in front and rear engine rooms or a vehicle body in a centralized manner, which is beneficial to simplifying the position selection process of the distributed power distribution unit 1 and reducing the heat concentration of the distributed power distribution system. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of loads corresponding to the distributed power distribution unit 1 and the corresponding relationship between the distributed power distribution unit 1 and a specific load are not limited.
In addition, the distributed power distribution units 1 are distributed at different positions of the vehicle, and the distributed power distribution units 1 are interconnected through buses, so that communication among the distributed power distribution units 1 and cascade connection among the distributed power distribution units 1 are realized, uniform management, configuration and configuration of the distributed power distribution units 1 are facilitated, further energy distribution decentralization of the vehicle is realized, and installation and operation and maintenance costs of a distributed power distribution system are reduced.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed power distribution unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the distributed power distribution unit 1 includes a functional safety control unit 2, at least one main path 3 and at least one branch path 4, one main path 3 being electrically connected to at least one branch path 4, fig. 2 exemplarily shows that the distributed power distribution unit 1 includes a main path 3 and four branch paths 4, the main path 3 is disposed corresponding to the four branch paths 4, the main path 3 is electrically connected to the four branch paths 4, the functional safety control unit 2 is electrically connected to the main path 3 and the branch paths 4, respectively, the main path 3 sends a main path monitoring feedback signal to the functional safety control unit 2, the branch paths 4 send branch path monitoring feedback signals to the functional safety control unit 2, namely, the functional safety control unit 2 obtains the main path monitoring feedback signal sent by the main path 3 and the branch path monitoring feedback signal sent by the branch path 4.
Specifically, the main circuit monitoring feedback signal sent by the main circuit path 3 may represent an electrical parameter corresponding to the main circuit path 3, for example, may represent a current flowing through the main circuit path 3, and the branch circuit monitoring feedback signal sent by the branch circuit path 4 may represent an electrical parameter corresponding to the branch circuit path 4, for example, may represent a current flowing through the branch circuit path 4. From this, through setting up main road monitoring feedback signal that functional safety control unit 2 obtained main road passageway 3 and the branch road monitoring feedback signal that branch road passageway 4 sent, utilize functional safety control unit 2 to realize main road passageway 3 and branch road passageway 4's control and fault detection, distributed power distribution system's maintainability and intelligent degree have been improved, and need not to carry out the over-design that centralized PDU adopted, can diagnose the circumstances such as heavy current in advance, be favorable to reducing pencil and the corresponding pencil reinforcement component, reduce cable length, the wiring cost of distributed power distribution system and whole car has been reduced, can satisfy the requirement of vehicle automatic driving system to PDU.
Illustratively, the functional safety control Unit 2 may be, for example, an MCU (Microcontroller Unit), the MCU may include multiple CPUs (Central Processing units) therein, the MCU adopts a lock-step operating mode, keeps the multiple CPUs and the memory accurately synchronized, and checks the result of program execution, so as to ensure that any error can be found, and the multiple CPUs are backed up with each other, even if a short error occurs during the operation of the MCU, the system can recover to normal operation without data loss and without uninterrupted Processing, which is beneficial to improving the diagnostic coverage of the MCU.
In addition, buses connected between the distributed power distribution units 1 may be accessed to a gateway system to realize OTA (Over-the-Air Technology) upgrade, parameters corresponding to each distributed power distribution unit 1 may be changed through software, and then, current limit values of the distributed power distribution units 1 may be adjusted in real time according to user accumulated data, power supply requirements of loads are optimized, and power supply and reliability of the loads are improved to the greatest extent.
It should be noted that fig. 2 only exemplarily shows that the distributed power distribution unit 1 includes one main path 3 and four branch paths 4, and one main path is set corresponding to the four branch paths 4, but not limited to the number of main paths 3 and the number of branch paths 4 in the distributed power distribution unit 1, the distributed power distribution unit 1 may include a plurality of main paths 3, and the number of main paths 3 corresponding to branch paths 4 is not specifically limited. When the requirement on the functional safety level of the vehicle is high, the number of the main path 3 and the branch path 4 can be increased according to the actual requirement, or the main path 3 and the branch path 4 are subjected to corresponding redundancy backup design, so that the flexible deployment of the distributed power distribution unit 1 is realized to the greatest extent.
Alternatively, in conjunction with fig. 1 and 2, it may be provided that one end of the main path 3 is electrically connected to the power supply 5, the plurality of branch paths 4 are connected in parallel to the other end of the main path 3, the branch paths 4 are electrically connected to corresponding loads (not shown in fig. 2), and the power supply 5 supplies power supply signals to the corresponding loads through the main path 3 and the corresponding branch paths 4. Specifically, a main path 6 is connected between the main path 3 and the branch path 4, that is, one end of the main path 3 may be electrically connected to a power supply 5, the other end of the main path 3 is electrically connected to one end of the main path 6, the branch paths 4 are connected to the other end of the main path 6 in parallel, the branch paths 4 are electrically connected to corresponding loads, and the power supply 5 provides a power supply signal to the corresponding loads through the main path 3, the main path 6 and the corresponding branch paths 4.
Specifically, in one embodiment, one branch passage 4 may be set to correspond to one load setting, for example, one branch passage 4 may be set to correspond to only a load skylight, or one branch passage may be set to correspond to only a load USB; in another embodiment, one branch passage 4 may be set to correspond to a plurality of load settings, for example, one branch passage 4 may be set to correspond to both a load skylight and a load USB, or one branch passage 4 may be set to correspond to both a load skylight, a load USB, and a load HU; in another embodiment, a plurality of branch paths 4 may also be set to correspond to one load, for example, a plurality of branch paths 4 may be set to correspond to one load skylight, and a plurality of branch paths 4 may be set to correspond to one load, so that redundant backup power supply for the load may be implemented, and the functional safety level of the distributed power distribution unit 1 may be improved. The main circuit 6 is a path through which a main current flows in the distributed power distribution unit 1, the main current is a current of a power supply 5 which outputs a power supply signal, and the power supply signal output by the power supply 5 is transmitted to a load electrically connected to the branch circuit 4 through the main circuit 3, the main circuit 6 and the corresponding branch circuit 4 in sequence so as to supply power to the corresponding load. It should be noted that, the load type is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and the load may be set to meet the requirements of different types of loads, where the load may be, for example, a resistive load, an inductive load, or a capacitive load.
Alternatively, in conjunction with fig. 1 and 2, it may be provided that the main path 3 includes an electronic fuse control unit 7, a current sampling unit 8, and a switching unit 9, and the electronic fuse control unit 7 is electrically connected to the functional safety control unit 2, the current sampling unit 8, and the switching unit 9, respectively. The functional safety control unit 2 sends fusing simulation setting information to the electronic fuse control unit 7, and the electronic fuse control unit 7 acquires current flowing through the main circuit path 3 through the current sampling unit 8 and controls the switch unit 9 to be switched on or switched off according to the current and the fusing simulation setting information. The electronic fuse control unit 7 may also send a main path monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the main path 3 to the functional safety control unit 2.
Specifically, the electronic fuse control unit 7 is a driver of the switching unit 9, and the electronic fuse control unit 7 can sample the current flowing through the main path 3, i.e., the main current mentioned in the above embodiment, through the current sampling unit 8. In addition, to realize the simulation of the fuse blowing process, the functional safety control unit 2 transmits the blowing simulation setting information, which may include I corresponding to the fuse blowing, to the electronic fuse control unit 72t curve, where I represents the current through the fuse, t represents time, I2t may represent thermal information corresponding to the fuse. The electronic fuse control unit 7 can acquire the I of the fuse fusing through the functional safety control unit 22t-curve information, the electronic fuse control unit 7 can obtain the current flowing through the main circuit path 3 according to the obtained current and the I of the fuse2t curve information judges that the current passes through I2t, whether the heat obtained after calculation reaches a critical point of fuse blowing or not is judged, if yes, the current flowing through the main circuit path 3 is too large, and the electronic fuse control unit 7 controls the switch unit 9 to be switched off, so that power supply sources of all loads are switched off; if the working state of the fuse does not reach the preset working state, the electronic fuse control unit 7 controls the switch unit 9 to be closed, and the working process of the fuse is simulated.
The electronic fuse is an electronic fuse, and the electronic fuse in the embodiment of the present disclosure is an electronic fuse, and replaces a conventional plug-in fuse with a semiconductor device and can also achieve a fusing function, and unlike a fuse, the electronic fuse is fused by an electronic control method. In addition, the traditional PDU adopts a relay component to control the connection and disconnection of the access, but the relay is easy to generate power surge current when being electrified, and the power surge current can influence the reliability of the working of the relay contact. Therefore, the distributed power distribution unit 1 is realized by adopting the functional safety control unit 2 with higher functional safety characteristic level and combining the electronic fuse module, and the traditional hardware scheme based on fuses and circuit breakers is replaced.
In addition, the electronic fuse control unit 7 may also send a main path monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the main path 3 to the functional safety control unit 2. Specifically, the main circuit monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the main circuit path 3 may include, for example, information of current flowing through the main circuit path 3, the electronic fuse control unit 7 feeds back a judgment result of the monitored current flowing through the main circuit path 3 to the functional safety control unit 2, and the functional safety control unit 2 may, for example, perform alarm prompt when it is judged that the current flowing through the main circuit path 3 is too large according to the judgment result fed back by the electronic fuse control unit 7, for example, perform alarm prompt when the current flowing through the main circuit path 3 is too large by using a display device or a sound device in the vehicle.
Alternatively, with reference to fig. 1 and 2, it may be provided that the current sampling unit 8 includes a sampling resistor R, the switch unit 9 includes a first switch K1 and a second switch K2, a first end of the sampling resistor R is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply 5 and the first sampling terminal a1 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, respectively, a second end of the sampling resistor R is electrically connected to the second sampling terminal a2 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, and the negative electrode of the power supply 5 is grounded GND. The control end of the first switch K1 is electrically connected with the first control end B1 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, the first end of the first switch K1 is electrically connected with the second end of the sampling resistor R, the second end of the first switch K1 is electrically connected with the second end of the second switch K2 and the second control end B2 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, the control end of the second switch K2 is electrically connected with the third control end B3 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, and the first end of the second switch K2 is electrically connected with the corresponding branch passage 4.
Specifically, the current sampling unit 8 may be, for example, a sampling resistor R, the sampling resistor R is connected in a manner that the current sampling unit 8 can accurately collect the current flowing through the main circuit path 3, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 may be MOS transistors, that is, transistors, the gate of the transistor is used as the control terminal of the switch, the drain of the transistor is used as the first terminal of the switch, and the source of the transistor is used as the second terminal of the switch. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the sampling resistor R, the first switch K1, and the second switch K2 form a series relationship, when the electronic fuse control unit 7 controls both the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 to be turned on, but it does not monitor the current flowing through the main circuit path 3 through the sampling resistor R, at this time, the electronic fuse control unit 7 determines that the first switch K1 and/or the second switch K2 are disabled, that is, the first switch K1 and/or the second switch K2 are unable to operate normally, and the electronic fuse control unit 7 controls both the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 to be turned off, so as to ensure that the power supply 5 cannot supply power to the external load, that is, when one of the switches fails, the other switch may be turned off to ensure that the power supply 5 cannot supply power to the external load.
The vehicle has a certain requirement on ASIL (automatic Safety Integrity Level), and the PDU unit is a key component of the entire vehicle system, which must meet the definition and requirement of the entire vehicle functional Safety. For the vehicle-mounted PDU unit which is configured and distributed in a centralized manner, redundancy and diagnosis of relays and fuse assemblies are difficult to realize, so that the automatic driving requirement above the level 2 safety level is difficult to meet, and the functional safety of the PDU unit is insufficient. The electronic fuse module in the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts a semiconductor component with a self-diagnosis function, which can provide diagnosis information in real time while realizing current protection, and can perform isolation operation on a fault when a main path 3 has a fault phenomenon, that is, the functional safety control unit 2 in the embodiment of the present disclosure has a monitoring mechanism, and the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are backup with each other, and the electronic fuse module fully considers the failure mode of the MOS transistor itself, and can adopt the modes of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 as shown in fig. 2, corresponding to the level 2 safety level requirement, so as to effectively improve the safety level of the distributed power distribution system, and further improve the safety level of the vehicle.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another distributed power distribution unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Unlike the distributed power distribution unit 1 shown in fig. 2, in the distributed power distribution unit 1 shown in fig. 3, the current sampling unit 8 includes a first sampling resistor R1 and a second sampling resistor R2, and the switch unit 9 includes a first switch K1, a second switch K2, a third switch K3, and a fourth switch K4. A first end of the first sampling resistor R1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply 5 and the first sampling end a1 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, a second end of the first sampling resistor R1 is electrically connected to the second sampling end a2 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, the negative electrode of the power supply 5 is grounded to GND, a control end of the first switch K1 and a control end of the second switch K2 are electrically connected to the first control end B1 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, a first end of the first switch K1 is electrically connected to a second end of the first sampling resistor R1, a second end of the first switch K1 is electrically connected to a second end of the second switch K2 and a second control end B2 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, and a first end of the second switch K2 is electrically connected to the corresponding branch path 4. A first end of the second sampling resistor R2 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply 5 and the third sampling terminal A3 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, respectively, a second end of the second sampling resistor R2 is electrically connected to the fourth sampling terminal a4 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, a control end of the third switch K3 and a control end of the fourth switch K4 are electrically connected to the third control terminal B3 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, a first end of the third switch K3 is electrically connected to a second end of the second sampling resistor R2, a second end of the third switch K3 is electrically connected to a second end of the fourth switch K4 and the fourth control terminal B4 of the electronic fuse control unit 7, respectively, and a first end of the fourth switch K4 is electrically connected to the corresponding branch path 4.
Specifically, the connection relationship between the first sampling resistor R1 and the second sampling resistor R2 enables the two sampling resistors to accurately collect the current flowing through the main circuit 3, the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 may all be MOS transistors, that is, all are transistors, the gate of each transistor serves as the control terminal of the switch, the drain of each transistor serves as the first terminal of the switch, and the source of each transistor serves as the second terminal of the switch.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first sampling resistor R1, the first switch K1, and the second switch K2 form a series connection, and the second sampling resistor R2, the third switch K3, and the fourth switch K4 form a series connection. The electronic fuse control unit 7 controls the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 to be turned on, if the electronic fuse control unit 7 monitors that a series branch formed by one of the sampling resistors and the switches has no current, it determines that the switch in the series branch is failed, at this time, the electronic fuse control unit 7 controls all the switches in the series branch to be turned off, and controls all the switches in the other series branch to be turned on, so as to ensure that the power supply 5 can supply power to an external load through the series branch turned on by the switches, that is, the two series branches in fig. 3 are backup each other.
For the vehicle-mounted PDU unit which is configured and distributed in a centralized manner, redundancy and diagnosis of relays and fuse assemblies are difficult to realize, so that the automatic driving requirement above the level 2 safety level is difficult to meet, and the functional safety of the PDU unit is insufficient. The electronic fuse module in the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts a semiconductor component with a self-diagnosis function, which can provide diagnosis information in real time while realizing current protection, and can perform isolation operation on a fault when a main path 3 fails, that is, the functional safety control unit 2 in the embodiment of the present disclosure has a monitoring mechanism, and the two serial branches in fig. 3 in the above embodiment are backup with each other, that is, the electronic fuse module fully considers the failure mode of the MOS transistor itself, and can adopt a mode of matching four switches with two sampling resistors as shown in fig. 3 corresponding to the safety level requirements of level 3 and above, so as to further improve the safety level of the distributed power distribution system, and further improve the safety level of the vehicle.
Alternatively, in conjunction with fig. 1 to 3, the branch path 4 may include a high-side driving switch 10, and the high-side driving switch 10 is electrically connected to the functional safety control unit 2 and the corresponding load, respectively. Specifically, one high-side driving switch 10 may be set to correspond to one load, or one high-side driving switch 10 may correspond to a plurality of loads, or a plurality of high-side driving switches 10 may also be set to correspond to one load, so as to implement redundant backup power supply for the load, improve the functional safety level of the distributed power distribution unit 1, and the high-side driving switch 10 may be electrically connected to the corresponding load through a single port not shown in fig. 2 and 3.
The common end C1 of the high-side driving switch 10 is electrically connected with the corresponding main path 3, the control end C2 of the high-side driving switch 10 is electrically connected with the control output end of the functional safety control unit 2, and the feedback end C3 of the high-side driving switch 10 is electrically connected with the monitoring input end of the functional safety control unit 2. Optionally, the high-side driving switch 10 sends a branch monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the branch path 4 to the functional safety control unit 2, and the functional safety control unit 2 controls the high-side driving switch 10 to be turned on or off according to the branch monitoring feedback signal and/or the user instruction that the corresponding branch passes through.
Specifically, the High Side driving switch 10, i.e., HSD (High Side Drivers) switch, the common terminal C1 of the High Side driving switch 10, i.e., all the High Side driving switches 10, is electrically connected to one end of the main path 3, the High Side driving switch 10 is turned on or off according to a signal received by the control terminal C2, and the power source 5 supplies power to the corresponding load through the switch in the main path 3 that is turned on and the High Side driving switch 10 that is turned on. In addition, the branch monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the branch path 4 sent by the high-side driving switch 10 to the functional safety control unit 2 includes information such as whether the current flowing through the high-side driving switch 10 is too large, whether the high-side driving switch 10 is short-circuited to the ground or short-circuited to the power supply, and whether the high-side driving switch 10 is in an over-temperature working state, and the functional safety control unit 2 determines that the current of the corresponding high-side driving switch 10 is too large, short-circuited to the ground, short-circuited to the power supply, or over-temperature according to the branch monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the branch path 4 fed back by the high-side driving switch 10, and the functional safety control unit 2 controls the high-side driving switch 10 in the corresponding branch path 4 to be turned off, so as to turn off the power supply source of the load electrically connected with the high-side driving switch 10. In addition, the functional safety control unit 2 may also control the high-side driving switch 10 to be turned on or off according to a user instruction, for example, if a user needs to open a window of a vehicle, a corresponding window opening instruction may be sent to the functional safety control unit 2, and the functional safety control unit 2 may further control the high-side driving switch 10 electrically connected with a window load to be turned on.
Therefore, the embodiment of the disclosure adopts a plurality of high-side driving switches 10 to form a plurality of branch paths 4, and further realizes power network distribution, and the functional safety control unit 2 can monitor the working state of the high-side driving switches 10, namely, the functional safety control unit 2 is utilized to realize monitoring and fault detection of the branch paths 4, thereby improving maintainability and intelligence degree of the distributed power distribution system, and needing no over-design of centralized PDU adoption, and diagnosing conditions such as large current in advance, which is beneficial to reducing wiring harnesses and corresponding harness reinforcing components, shortening cable length, reducing wiring cost of the distributed power distribution system and the whole vehicle, and meeting requirements of an automatic driving system of the vehicle on PDU.
Optionally, with reference to fig. 1 to fig. 3, the distributed power distribution unit 1 may further include a power supply unit 11, where the power supply unit 11 is electrically connected to the functional safety control unit 2, the power supply unit 11 provides a power supply signal to the functional safety control unit 2, and the functional safety control unit 2 monitors a working state of the power supply unit 11.
Specifically, the power supply unit 11 may include an SBC (System Basis Chips), the power supply unit 11 may supply power to the functional safety control unit 2 to ensure that the functional safety control unit 2 operates normally, and the power supply unit also includes a window watchdog circuit having a fault output characteristic and an under-voltage reset characteristic, where PWR in fig. 2 and 3 represents a power interface, SPI represents a serial peripheral interface, and IO represents an input/output interface. In addition, in the current centralized PDU, the fuse may not be directly disconnected, and does not have any monitoring mechanism, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, except that the functional safety control unit 2 is used to monitor the working states of the main path 3 and the branch path 4 to improve the functional safety level of the distributed power distribution unit 1, the functional safety control unit 2 is also configured to monitor the working state of the power supply unit 11, for example, to monitor whether the power supply unit 11 fails or to monitor whether the power supply module is under-voltage, etc., so as to ensure that the functional safety unit has a monitoring mechanism for both the internal structure and the external structure, further improve the functional safety level of the distributed power distribution unit 1, and further improve the functional safety level of the vehicle. In addition, when the functional safety control unit 2 monitors that the power supply unit 11 has a fault or is under-voltage, the abnormal information of the power supply unit 11 can be uploaded to a vehicle machine or a user.
The embodiment of the disclosure supports distributed layout of PDUs in the fields of new energy automobiles, namely ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) and automatic driving, meets the requirement of decentralized energy distribution, the centralized PDU can hardly realize reconfiguration, different PDU units need to be developed for different automobile models, the PDU unit is split into a plurality of distributed power supply distribution units in the embodiment of the disclosure, some distributed power supply distribution units can be directly replaced according to different vehicle types, the distributed power supply distribution units are reusable sub-modules, different sub-modules can be configured to work modes such as load sharing, cold backup and hot backup, and the like, so that diversified use requirements are met, namely, the distributed power distribution units can realize parallel connection, realize working modes such as load sharing and backup and the like, and meet the design requirements of different through-current grades and different reliability grades. Specifically, two distributed power distribution units are used for simultaneously supplying power to one load, the distributed power distribution units are in a hot backup working mode, the distributed power distribution units do not work, when the rest distributed power distribution units are in failure, the distributed power distribution units which do not work enter the working mode and correspond to a cold backup working mode, and backup processing can be carried out on more critical loads in a vehicle, such as loads like brakes. In addition, for a large-current load, the large load can be split into a plurality of small loads by utilizing the parallel connection characteristic of the distributed power distribution unit, the type selection of the wiring harness and the connector is facilitated to be unified, and the implementation cost is reduced. Similarly, the current capacity of the distributed power distribution unit can be dynamically adjusted according to needs to adapt to different load working conditions.
The embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a vehicle including the distributed power distribution system according to the above embodiment, so that the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has the beneficial effects described in the above embodiment. The vehicle provided by the embodiment of the disclosure may be an autonomous vehicle, for example. In addition, the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a fuel-powered vehicle, a pure electric vehicle, or a hybrid electric vehicle, and the embodiment of the present disclosure is not particularly limited in this respect.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A distributed power distribution system, comprising:
the distributed power distribution units are interconnected through a bus;
the distributed power supply distribution unit comprises a functional safety control unit, at least one main path and at least one branch path, wherein one main path is electrically connected with at least one branch path, and the functional safety control unit is respectively electrically connected with the main path and the branch path; the main path sends a main path monitoring feedback signal to the functional safety control unit, and the branch path sends a branch path monitoring feedback signal to the functional safety control unit.
2. The distributed power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein one end of the main path is electrically connected to a power supply, and a plurality of the branch paths are connected in parallel to the other end of the main path;
the branch circuit is electrically connected with a corresponding load, and the power supply provides a power supply signal to the corresponding load through the main circuit and the corresponding branch circuit.
3. The distributed power distribution system of claim 1, wherein the main path comprises:
the electronic fuse control unit is electrically connected with the functional safety control unit, the current sampling unit and the switch unit respectively;
the functional safety control unit sends fusing simulation setting information to the electronic fuse control unit, and the electronic fuse control unit acquires current flowing through the main circuit path through the current sampling unit and controls the switch unit to be switched on or switched off according to the current and the fusing simulation setting information;
and the electronic fuse control unit sends a main path monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the main path to the functional safety control unit.
4. The distributed power distribution system of claim 3, wherein the current sampling unit comprises a sampling resistor, and the switching unit comprises a first switch and a second switch;
the first end of the sampling resistor is respectively and electrically connected with the anode of a power supply and the first sampling end of the electronic fuse control unit, and the second end of the sampling resistor is electrically connected with the second sampling end of the electronic fuse control unit;
the control end of first switch with electronic fuse the control unit's first control end electricity is connected, the first end of first switch with sampling resistance's second end electricity is connected, the second end of first switch respectively with the second of second switch end and electronic fuse the control unit's second control end electricity is connected, the control end of second switch with electronic fuse the control unit's third control end electricity is connected, the first end of second switch with correspond branch road electricity is connected.
5. The distributed power distribution system of claim 3, wherein the current sampling unit comprises a first sampling resistor and a second sampling resistor, and the switching unit comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a fourth switch;
the first end of the first sampling resistor is electrically connected with the positive electrode of a power supply and the first sampling end of the electronic fuse control unit respectively, the second end of the first sampling resistor is electrically connected with the second sampling end of the electronic fuse control unit, the control end of the first switch and the control end of the second switch are electrically connected with the first control end of the electronic fuse control unit, the first end of the first switch is electrically connected with the second end of the first sampling resistor, the second end of the first switch is electrically connected with the second end of the second switch and the second control end of the electronic fuse control unit respectively, and the first end of the second switch is electrically connected with the corresponding branch circuit;
the first end of second sampling resistance respectively with the positive pole of power and electronic fuse the control unit's third sample end is connected, the second end of second sampling resistance with electronic fuse the control unit's fourth sample end is connected electrically, the control end of third switch and the control end of fourth switch all with electronic fuse the control unit's third control end electricity is connected, the first end of third switch with the second end electricity of second sampling resistance is connected, the second end of third switch respectively with the second end of fourth switch and electronic fuse the control unit's fourth control end electricity is connected, the first end of fourth switch with correspond branch circuit electricity is connected.
6. The distributed power distribution system of claim 1, wherein the bypass path comprises:
the high-side driving switch is electrically connected with the functional safety control unit and the corresponding load respectively;
the common end of the high-side driving switch is electrically connected with the corresponding main path, the control end of the high-side driving switch is electrically connected with the control output end of the functional safety control unit, and the feedback end of the high-side driving switch is electrically connected with the monitoring input end of the functional safety control unit.
7. The distributed power distribution system according to claim 6, wherein the high-side driving switch sends a branch monitoring feedback signal corresponding to the branch path to the functional safety control unit, and the functional safety control unit controls the high-side driving switch to be turned on or off according to the branch monitoring feedback signal and/or a user instruction corresponding to the branch path.
8. The distributed power distribution system of claim 1, wherein the distributed power distribution unit further comprises:
the power supply unit is electrically connected with the functional safety control unit, the power supply unit provides a power supply signal for the functional safety control unit, and the functional safety control unit monitors the working state of the power supply unit.
9. The distributed power distribution system of claim 1, wherein the bus comprises at least one of a CAN bus, a LIN bus, or a vehicular ethernet.
10. A vehicle comprising a distributed power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202121462860.9U CN215120134U (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-06-29 | Distributed power distribution system and vehicle |
| PCT/CN2022/093703 WO2023273678A1 (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2022-05-18 | Distributed power distribution system and vehicle |
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| CN202121462860.9U CN215120134U (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-06-29 | Distributed power distribution system and vehicle |
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| WO (1) | WO2023273678A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114597867A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-06-07 | 杭州利沃得电源有限公司 | Overcurrent protection device and three-phase inverter |
| WO2023273678A1 (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2023-01-05 | 北京车和家信息技术有限公司 | Distributed power distribution system and vehicle |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE536745C2 (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2014-07-08 | Scania Cv Ab | Device and method of safety improvement of a vehicle |
| US10164545B2 (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2018-12-25 | Astronics Advanced Electronic Systems Corp. | Power distribution system for low-frequency AC outlets |
| JP6426956B2 (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2018-11-21 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Power supply system for vehicles |
| CN109311439A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2019-02-05 | 矢崎总业株式会社 | Vehicle circuit body |
| JP6427144B2 (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-11-21 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Wire harness |
| CN215120134U (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-12-10 | 北京车和家信息技术有限公司 | Distributed power distribution system and vehicle |
-
2021
- 2021-06-29 CN CN202121462860.9U patent/CN215120134U/en active Active
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023273678A1 (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2023-01-05 | 北京车和家信息技术有限公司 | Distributed power distribution system and vehicle |
| CN114597867A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-06-07 | 杭州利沃得电源有限公司 | Overcurrent protection device and three-phase inverter |
| CN114597867B (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2023-12-08 | 杭州利沃得电源有限公司 | Overcurrent protection device and three-phase inverter |
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