WO2023273454A1 - 液体采样瓶的盖体、液体采样瓶、液体采样装置和注液枪 - Google Patents

液体采样瓶的盖体、液体采样瓶、液体采样装置和注液枪 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023273454A1
WO2023273454A1 PCT/CN2022/083869 CN2022083869W WO2023273454A1 WO 2023273454 A1 WO2023273454 A1 WO 2023273454A1 CN 2022083869 W CN2022083869 W CN 2022083869W WO 2023273454 A1 WO2023273454 A1 WO 2023273454A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
station
moving body
liquid injection
cover
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PCT/CN2022/083869
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李德旭
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深圳达闼科技控股有限公司
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Publication of WO2023273454A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023273454A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of sewage sampling, in particular to a liquid sampling bottle cover, a liquid sampling bottle, a liquid sampling device and a liquid injection gun.
  • the sewage testing process includes sampling-transportation-laboratory testing. Specifically, it is necessary to first obtain a sewage sample by pouring sewage into the sampling bottle, and then transport the sewage sample to a designated laboratory at the sample collection point for analysis. Now there are mature software solutions to monitor the whole process. For example, different QR codes are set on each sampling bottle to correspond to different ID numbers. Scan the code to upload the sampling bottle information, sampling equipment number, time and location to the designated network platform. After the sampling is completed, the sampling bottle will be manually transported to the laboratory. The laboratory personnel will scan the sampling bottle to confirm the sample information. Check the sample to get the corresponding result.
  • the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a cover body of a liquid sampling bottle, a liquid sampling bottle, a liquid sampling device and a liquid injection gun, so as to prevent cheating on the sewage sample in the sampling bottle.
  • the present disclosure provides a cap body of a liquid sampling bottle, comprising: a base having a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; A valve body, and a sealing cover that is detachably arranged on the base to open and close the liquid outlet, wherein the valve body includes a moving body, and the moving body is provided with an injector that can be connected with a liquid injection gun.
  • a liquid injection port in fluid communication with the liquid pipe the moving body can move along the first direction, and has a first station, a second station and a third station arranged in sequence along the first direction, wherein, in In the first station, the moving body closes the liquid inlet; in the second station, the liquid injection port communicates with the liquid inlet to open the liquid inlet; Three stations, the moving body closes the liquid inlet, and wherein, the valve body further includes a backstop structure arranged on the base, and the backstop structure is used for at least the first station The position, the second position and the third position prevent the moving body from moving in a second direction opposite to the first direction.
  • the moving body is configured as a columnar structure whose bottom end is inserted into the base, the first direction is a direction of clockwise or counterclockwise rotation around the central axis of the columnar structure, and the moving body
  • a liquid injection channel for inserting the liquid injection tube is opened on the top end surface, and the liquid injection port is opened on the side wall of the moving body and communicates with the liquid injection channel.
  • the valve body further includes a limiting ring that is sleeved on the outside of the moving body and can be elastically deformed in the radial direction, and the limiting ring is locked on the base in the circumferential direction;
  • the backstop structure It includes pawls arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the limiting ring and ratchet teeth arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the moving body, and the ratchet teeth are formed with first ratchets sequentially arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the moving body Tooth groove, second ratchet groove and third ratchet groove, wherein, when in the first station, the pawl is locked in the first ratchet groove, when the moving body moves along the When one direction is rotated from the first station to the second station, the pawl is locked in the second ratchet slot, and when the moving body moves from the second station along the first direction, When the station rotates to the third station, the pawl is locked in the third ratchet slot.
  • the moving body further has a fourth station located between the first station and the second station, when the moving body rotates along the first direction to the fourth station , the liquid injection port and the liquid inlet port are in fluid communication;
  • the ratchet is also formed with a fourth ratchet groove located between the first ratchet groove and the second ratchet groove, so The rotation angle of the first ratchet groove and the fourth ratchet groove in the direction of the circumference is smaller than the rotation angle of the moving body from the first station to the fourth station.
  • a downwardly protruding limiting portion is formed on the limiting ring, and a limiting groove for accommodating the limiting portion is formed on the base, so as to circumvent the limiting ring. to the limit.
  • a sealing strip is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the part of the moving body inserted into the base.
  • valve body further includes a gland sleeved on the outside of the moving body and fixed on the base, the gland presses the moving body into the base from the top, The position of the gland corresponding to the liquid injection channel is provided with an opening into which the liquid injection tube can be inserted.
  • the liquid injection gun has a driving projection for radially protruding, and a vertically extending guide groove is formed on the gland, and the guide groove is used for slidingly fitting with the driving projection Guide the liquid injection tube to insert into the liquid injection channel;
  • the outer peripheral surface of the moving body is provided with a first driving chute and a second driving chute connected at the bottom end, and the first driving chute is along the The second direction extends obliquely from the top end surface of the moving body to the bottom end surface, and the second driving chute extends from the bottom end of the first driving chute to the top end surface of the moving body along the second direction.
  • the driving projection is located at the top of the guide groove, the top of the first driving chute is aligned with the top of the guide groove, and the driving projection is along the
  • the guide groove moves downward, it moves along the first drive chute to drive the moving body to rotate along the first direction to the second station
  • the drive The protrusion is located at the bottom end of the guide groove, the bottom ends of the first drive chute and the second drive chute are aligned with the bottom end of the guide groove, and the drive projection goes upward along the guide groove
  • the drive projection is located at the The top end of the guide groove, the top end of the second drive chute is aligned with the top end of the guide groove.
  • the first driving chute and the second driving chute are formed as a Y-shaped structure, and the vertical section of the Y-shaped structure is biased toward the second driving chute.
  • the liquid injection gun has a limit hook, and the outer peripheral surface of the gland is formed with a groove for cooperating with the limit hook, so that when the liquid injection tube is inserted into the liquid injection When the moving body is in the channel and the moving body is at the second station, the limiting hook can be engaged in the engaging groove.
  • the liquid injection gun includes a main body and a liquid injection tube passing through the main body, so as to snap into the slot when turning toward the inner side of the main body, and When the clamping is released, an elastic member is disposed between the limiting hook and the main body, and the elastic member is configured to provide elastic force for the limiting hook to rotate toward the inside of the main body.
  • a sewage discharge channel is also opened on the base, and the sewage discharge channel extends obliquely downward from the inside of the base to the outer surface of the base, and the sewage discharge channel is configured to: when the movement When the body is at the first station, the liquid injection port is in communication with the drain channel, so that the liquid entering the liquid injection port is discharged through the drain channel.
  • the sealing cover includes a blocking cover and an anti-theft ring connected to each other, and the sealing cover is configured such that: when the blocking cover is opened so that the liquid outlet communicates with the external liquid, the anti-theft ring and the anti-theft ring The blocking cover is separated and locked on the base.
  • vent holes are opened on the blocking cover, and waterproof and breathable membranes are provided on the inner side of the blocking cover corresponding to the positions of the vent holes.
  • the present disclosure also provides a liquid sampling bottle, which includes a bottle body and the cover in the above technical solution, the bottle body is provided with an opening, and the opening is connected to the liquid inlet and outlet.
  • the liquid port is connected.
  • the present disclosure also provides a liquid sampling device, including the liquid sampling bottle and the liquid injection gun in the above technical solution, and the liquid injection gun can inject liquid into the bottle through the cover .
  • the present disclosure also provides a liquid injection gun, which is the liquid injection gun in the liquid sampling device in the above technical solution.
  • the cover of the liquid sampling bottle provided by the present disclosure can be fixedly connected to the opening of the bottle through the base, so as to inject liquid samples into the bottle through the cover, because the valve body installed on the base has the ability to The moving body moves along the first direction. Therefore, when sampling the liquid, the moving body can be moved from the initial first station to the second station along the first direction, so that the liquid samples can pass through the injection of the moving body in sequence.
  • the liquid port and the liquid inlet of the base enter into the bottle body, and then the moving body can be moved from the second station to the third station along the first direction, so that the moving body closes the liquid inlet of the base.
  • valve body Since the valve body is provided with a backstop structure, the moving body that moves to the third station after sampling cannot return to the second station, that is to say, the sampling bottle cannot be transported back to the laboratory after sampling. Fill the vials again, eliminating the possibility of cheating during shipping.
  • the liquid sampling bottle, liquid sampling device, and liquid injection gun provided in the present disclosure have the same technical effect as the cover in the above technical solution, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, details are not repeated here.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cap of a liquid sampling bottle in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cover body without a sealing cover in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a valve body in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the moving body and the limit ring in the specific embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another angle of Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the assembly of the moving body and the base in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the moving body, the limiting ring and the base in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the moving body in the first station in the base according to the specific embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a liquid injection gun in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid injection gun in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the liquid injection gun and the valve body when the moving body is located at the first station in the specific embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of the cooperation between the liquid injection gun and the columnar structure when the moving body is located at the first station in the specific embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the liquid injection gun driving the moving body to the second station in the specific embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the driving body of the liquid injection gun rotating from the second station to the third station in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of the liquid injection gun driving the moving body to rotate to the third station in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the movable body cooperating with the limit ring when the moving body is located at the first station in the specific embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the pawl is locked in the first ratchet slot;
  • Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a sealing cover in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a liquid sampling bottle in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • orientation words such as “inner and outer” refer to inner and outer relative to the contour of the corresponding component itself.
  • Terms such as “first”, “second” and the like are used to distinguish one element from another element and do not have order or importance.
  • the same symbol in different drawings represents the same element.
  • a cover body of a liquid sampling bottle is provided.
  • the valve body 2 on the base 1 and capable of selectively opening and closing the liquid inlet 11, and the sealing cover 3 detachably arranged on the base 1 to open and close the liquid outlet 12, wherein, refer to Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 , the valve body 2 may include a moving body 20, the moving body 20 is provided with a liquid injection port 21 capable of fluid communication with the liquid injection pipe 51 of the liquid injection gun 5, the moving body 20 can move along a first direction, and has a direction along a second direction.
  • the first station, the second station and the third station are set in sequence in one direction, wherein the first direction can be the direction of moving along a straight line, or the direction of moving along a curve, or around a certain rotation axis In the specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the direction of the arrow in Fig.
  • the line A represents the position of the center line of the liquid injection port 21 when the moving body 20 is in the first station
  • the line B represents The position of the centerline of the liquid injection port 21 when the moving body 20 is at the second station
  • the line C represents the position of the centerline of the liquid injection port 21 when the moving body 20 is at the third station
  • the first station is the cover
  • the moving body 20 seals the liquid inlet 11, and the liquid injection port 21 cannot communicate with the liquid inlet 11, and wherein the valve
  • the body 2 may also include a backstop structure arranged on the base 1, the backstop structure is used to prevent the moving body 20 from moving along the second direction opposite to the first direction at least at the first station, the second station and the third station. direction movement.
  • the cover body of the liquid sampling bottle provided by the present disclosure can be fixedly connected to the opening of the bottle body 4 through the base 1, so as to inject liquid samples into the bottle body 4 through the cover body.
  • the valve body 2 has a moving body 20 that can move along the first direction. Therefore, when sampling the liquid, the moving body 20 can be moved from the initial first position to the second position along the first direction, so that the liquid The sample can enter the bottle body 4 through the liquid injection port 21 of the movable body 20 and the liquid inlet port 11 of the base 1 in sequence, and then the movable body 20 can be moved from the second station to the third station along the first direction, The moving body 20 closes the liquid inlet 11 of the base 1 .
  • valve body 2 Since the valve body 2 is provided with a back-stop structure, the moving body 20 that moves to the third station after sampling cannot return to the second station, that is, the process of transporting the sampling bottle back to the laboratory after sampling It is not possible to refill the sampling bottle during the process, thus avoiding the possibility of cheating during transportation.
  • the moving body 20 can be configured as a columnar structure whose bottom end is inserted into the base 1, and the first direction is to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around the central axis of the columnar structure
  • the top end surface of the moving body 20 can be provided with a liquid injection channel 25 for the insertion of the liquid injection pipe 51
  • the liquid injection port 21 can be opened on the side wall of the moving body 20 and communicated with the liquid injection channel 25, so that when the moving body 20 rotates to the second station, the liquid injection port 21 can be connected with the liquid inlet provided inside the base 1. 11 are aligned and connected.
  • the columnar structure may include a small-diameter section 202 and a large-diameter section 201 connected to each other, wherein the small-diameter section 202 is inserted into the base 1, and the shoulder formed between the large-diameter section 201 and the small-diameter section 202 is against the base 1 , the liquid injection port 21 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter section 202 , and the liquid injection channel 25 is arranged on the top end surface of the large-diameter section 201 .
  • valve body 2 can also include a limit ring 22 sleeved on the outside of the moving body 20, the limit ring 22 can be elastically deformed in the radial direction, and the limit ring 22 can be locked in the circumferential direction. stop at the base 1 to prevent the limiting ring 22 from rotating with the moving body 20; as shown in FIG.
  • the ratchet teeth on the outer peripheral surface of the moving body 20 may be formed with a first ratchet groove 241, a second ratchet groove 242 and a third ratchet groove 243 which are sequentially arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the moving body 20, wherein, in the first working position, the ratchet 222 is locked in the first ratchet groove 241, when the moving body 20 is rotated from the first station to the second station along the first direction as shown by the arrow in Figure 16, the ratchet 222 is locked In the second ratchet slot 242 , when the moving body 20 rotates from the second position to the third position along the first direction, the pawl 222 is locked in the third ratchet slot 243 .
  • the limit ring 22 When the moving body 20 rotates along the first direction, the limit ring 22 can be elastically deformed so as to facilitate the relative sliding between the pawl 222 and each ratchet slot.
  • the pawls can include two pawls 222 radially opposite on the inner peripheral surface of the limit ring 22, and correspondingly, the ratchets can be included in Two first ratchet grooves 241 , two second ratchet grooves 242 radially opposite and two third ratchet grooves 243 radially opposite on the outer peripheral surface of the moving body 20 .
  • a limit ring 22 between the base 1 and the moving body 20, but to directly set a pawl on the base 1 that can only move along the radial direction of the moving body 20 to approach or move away from the moving body 20, What needs to be explained here is that as long as the pawl can be locked on the base 1 in the circumferential direction and can move in the radial direction of the moving body 20, and can be locked in the corresponding ratchet slot on the moving body 20 at the corresponding station , the present disclosure does not limit the specific arrangement of the pawls.
  • a downwardly protruding limiting portion 221 is formed on the limiting ring 22.
  • the base 1 is formed with a limiting groove 13 for accommodating the limiting portion 221 , and the limiting portion 221 is placed in the limiting groove 13 to prevent the limiting ring 22 from rotating together with the moving body 20 .
  • the circumferential limit of the limit ring 22 is realized.
  • the small-diameter section 202 of the moving body 20 is in clearance fit with the base 1, and in order to ensure that the liquid injection port 21 and the There is no fluid communication between the liquid ports 11.
  • the part of the moving body 20 inserted into the base 1, that is, the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter section 202 may be provided with a sealing strip 23 for sealing the small-diameter section.
  • the sealing strip 23 will not affect the rotation of the moving body 20 in the base 1 while providing sealing.
  • the moving body 20 can also have a fourth station between the first station and the second station.
  • the fourth station is configured as follows: when the moving body 20 rotates from the first station along the first direction, the rotation When the edge of the sealing strip 23 close to the liquid injection port 21 has just crossed the edge of the liquid inlet 11, the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid injection port 21 can be in fluid communication through the gap between the small diameter section 202 and the base 1 Position;
  • the ratchet can also be formed with a fourth ratchet groove 244 between the first ratchet groove 241 and the second ratchet groove 242, the first ratchet groove 241 and the fourth ratchet groove
  • the rotation angle of 244 in the circumferential direction is smaller than the rotation angle of the moving body 20 from the first station to the fourth station.
  • the top presses the moving body 20 into the base 1, and the position corresponding to the liquid injection channel 25 of the gland 26 is provided with an opening 263 for avoiding the liquid injection channel 25, so that the liquid injection tube 51 can pass through the opening 263 and Insert it into the injection channel 25.
  • the pressing cover 26 can be glued and fixed to the base 1 .
  • the gland 26 may be formed with a vertically extending guide groove 261, and the guide groove 261 is used to slide and cooperate with the driving protrusion 52 to guide the injection tube 51 to insert the injection channel 25; referring to FIGS. 4 to 6, the movement
  • the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter section 201 of the body 20 can be provided with a first drive chute 271 and a second drive chute 272 connected at the bottom end, and the first drive chute 271 is formed by the large-diameter section 201 along the second direction.
  • the top end surface extends obliquely to the shaft shoulder, and the second drive chute 272 extends obliquely from the bottom end of the first drive chute 271 to the top end surface of the large-diameter section 201 along the second direction; wherein, referring to FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 , In the first station, the driving projection 52 is positioned at the top of the guide groove 261, and the top of the first driving chute 271 is aligned with the top of the guide groove 261.
  • the chute 271 moves to drive the movable body 20 to rotate in the first direction to the second station, that is to say, the liquid injection gun 5 can simultaneously drive the movable body 20 to rotate from the first station to the second station during the process of inserting the cover. Station;
  • the drive projection 52 is positioned at the bottom of the guide groove 261, the bottom of the first drive chute 271 and the second drive chute 272 and the bottom of the guide groove 261 Alignment, as shown in FIG. 14, when the driving projection 52 moves upward along the guide groove 261, it moves along the second driving chute 272 and drives the moving body 20 to rotate to the third station along the first direction, as shown in FIG.
  • the driving projection 52 is located at the top of the guide groove 261, and the top of the second driving chute 272 is aligned with the top of the guide groove 261, that is to say, when the liquid injection gun 5 has finished filling the sampling bottle
  • the moving body 20 can be driven to rotate from the second station to the third station at the same time.
  • the rotation of the moving body 20 can be driven by the insertion and withdrawal of the liquid injection gun 5, which can improve the sampling efficiency.
  • the sampling bottle is cheated before sampling so that the moving body 20 of the cover cannot return to the first station, then the top of the first drive chute 271 will be staggered from the top of the guide groove 261, so that the liquid injection gun 5.
  • the sampling bottle cannot be used because it cannot be inserted into the cap body, which further improves the anti-cheating performance of the sampling bottle.
  • the first driving chute 271 and the second driving chute 272 can be configured as a Y-shaped structure, and the vertical section of the Y-shaped structure can be biased toward the second driving chute 272 .
  • FIG. 9 There is a slot 262 for cooperating with the limit hook 53, so that when the liquid injection tube 51 is inserted into the liquid injection channel 25 and the moving body 20 is at the second station, the limit hook 53 can be snapped into the slot 262 In this way, the liquid injection gun 5 and the cover body are relatively fixed, and the rotation of the moving body 20 caused by misoperation of the liquid injection gun 5 during the liquid injection process is avoided.
  • the liquid injection gun 5 can include a main body 50 and a liquid injection tube 51 passing through the main body 50, and the liquid injection tube 51 can be inserted into the liquid injection channel 25 on the cover body, so as to pass through the cover body.
  • the liquid port 21 injects liquid into the bottle body 4 .
  • the limiting hook 53 can be rotatably connected to the main body 50 through the rotating shaft 54, so as to be locked into the card slot 262 when turning towards the inner side of the main body 50, and released when turning towards the outer side of the main body 50.
  • the elastic member 55 can be provided between the limiting hook 53 and the main body 50 to be engaged with the locking groove 262 .
  • the elastic member 55 is configured to provide elastic force for the limiting hook 53 to rotate toward the inner side of the main body 50 .
  • the limit hook 53 slides on the outer peripheral surface of the gland 26, and when the moving body 20 rotates to the second station In the second station, the limit hook 53 can clamp the clamping groove 262 under the action of the elastic member 55.
  • an external force can be applied to the limit hook 53, so that the limit The hook 53 is separated from the slot 262 against the elastic force of the elastic member 55 , so that the liquid injection gun 5 can be pulled out from the cover.
  • a sewage channel 14 can also be provided on the base 1, and the sewage channel 14 extends from the inside of the base 1 obliquely downwards to On the outer surface of the base 1, the drain channel 14 can be configured such that when the moving body 20 is at the first station, the liquid injection port 21 communicates with the drain channel 14, so that the liquid entering the liquid injection channel 25 passes through the liquid injection port 21 and the drain channel. The channel 14 is drained, so as to avoid remaining liquid for cheating in the liquid injection channel 25 .
  • the anti-theft ring 32 is separated from the blocking cover 31 and locked on the base 1 .
  • the sampling bottle is sampled and transported back to the laboratory, if the staff of the laboratory finds that the anti-theft ring 32 on a certain sampling bottle is separated from the blocking cap 31, they can realize that the liquid outlet 12 of the sampling bottle was once separated from the external fluid. Communication, that is to say, before reaching the laboratory, the sampling bottle has the possibility of being cheated through the liquid outlet 12.
  • At least one vent hole 311 may be opened on the plug cap 31, and a position corresponding to the vent hole 311 may be provided on the inside of the plug cap 31.
  • Waterproof gas-permeable film 33 so that the bottle body 4 can exhaust air through the waterproof gas-permeable film 33 and the air hole 311 , so that the liquid sample can be injected into the bottle body 4 through the liquid inlet 11 .
  • the present disclosure also provides a liquid sampling bottle, as shown in FIG. connected and fixed, the bottle body 4 is provided with an opening, and the opening is in liquid communication with the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid outlet 12 of the base 1 of the cover.
  • the liquid sampling bottle provided by the present disclosure has the same technical effect as the cover in the above technical solution, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, details are not repeated here.
  • the present disclosure also provides a liquid sampling device, including the liquid sampling bottle and the liquid injection gun 5 in the above technical solution, and the liquid injection gun 5 can inject liquid into the bottle body 4 through the cover.
  • the liquid sampling device provided by the present disclosure has the same technical effect as the liquid sampling bottle in the above technical solution, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, details are not described here.
  • the present disclosure also provides a liquid injection gun, which is the liquid injection gun 5 in the liquid sampling device in the above technical solution.
  • the liquid injection gun provided by the present disclosure has the same technical effect as the liquid sampling device in the above technical solution, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, details are not repeated here.

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Abstract

一种液体采样瓶的盖体、液体采样瓶、液体采样装置和注液枪（5），盖体包括具有进液口（11）和出液口（12）的基座（1）、设置在基座（1）上并能够选择性开闭进液口（11）的阀体（2）以及可拆卸地设置在基座（1）上以开闭出液口（12）的密封盖（3），其中，阀体（2）包括运动体（20）和止退结构，运动体（20）上开设有能够与注液枪（5）的注液管（51）流体连通的注液口（21），运动体（20）能够沿第一方向进行运动，并具有沿第一方向依次设置的封闭进液口（11）的第一工位、注液口（21）与进液口（11）连通以打开进液口（11）的第二工位和封闭进液口（11）的第三工位，止退结构用于阻止运动体（20）沿相反于第一方向的第二方向运动，在采样完成后运动体（20）无法由第三工位再回到第二工位，以向瓶内注液，从而避免了运输过程中作弊的可能性。

Description

液体采样瓶的盖体、液体采样瓶、液体采样装置和注液枪
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202110739321.3、申请日为2021年06月30日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本公开涉及污水采样领域，具体地，涉及一种液体采样瓶的盖体、液体采样瓶、液体采样装置和注液枪。
背景技术
目前，污水的检测流程包括采样-运输-实验室检测，具体地，需先通过向采样瓶灌注污水而得到污水样本，再将污水样本由样本采集点运送的指定的实验室进行分析。现在已经有成熟的软件方案对整个过程监控，比如，在每个采样瓶上设定不同的二维码以对应不同的ID号码，采样设备在对采样瓶灌注样本前，可以先对采样瓶进行扫码，以将采样瓶信息、采样设备编号、时间地点等信息上传到指定的网络平台，采样结束后人工将采样瓶运送到实验室，实验室人员通过对采样瓶扫码确定样本的信息，检验样本得到对应的结果。
然而，在类似这样的流程中，如果在运输过程中对瓶内的污水进行作弊，例如将瓶内掺入其他杂质，就会导致检验结果与实际不符。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种液体采样瓶的盖体、液体采样瓶、液体采样装 置和注液枪，以防止对采样瓶内的污水样本进行作弊。
为了实现上述目的，本公开提供一种液体采样瓶的盖体，包括：具有进液口和出液口的基座、设置在所述基座上并能够选择性开闭所述进液口的阀体、以及可拆卸地设置在所述基座上以开闭所述出液口的密封盖，其中，所述阀体包括运动体，所述运动体上开设有能够与注液枪的注液管流体连通的注液口，所述运动体能够沿第一方向进行运动，并具有沿所述第一方向依次设置的第一工位、第二工位和第三工位，其中，在所述第一工位，所述运动体封闭所述进液口，在所述第二工位，所述注液口与所述进液口连通以打开所述进液口，在所述第三工位，所述运动体封闭所述进液口，并且其中，所述阀体还包括设置在所述基座上的止退结构，所述止退结构用于至少在所述第一工位、所述第二工位以及所述第三工位阻止所述运动体沿相反于所述第一方向的第二方向运动。
可选地，所述运动体构造为底端插入所述基座中的柱状结构，所述第一方向为绕所述柱状结构的中心轴线顺时针或逆时针转动的方向，所述运动体的顶部端面上开设有可供所述注液管插入的注液通道，所述注液口开设在所述运动体的侧壁并与所述注液通道连通。
可选地，所述阀体还包括套设在所述运动体外侧的能够沿径向发生弹性变形的限位环，所述限位环沿周向锁止于所述基座；所述止退结构包括设置在所述限位环的内周面的棘爪和设置在所述运动体的外周面的棘齿，所述棘齿形成有依次设置在所述运动体的外周面上的第一棘齿槽、第二棘齿槽和第三棘齿槽，其中，在所述第一工位时，所述棘爪卡止于所述第一棘齿槽，当所述运动体沿所述第一方向由所述第一工位转动至所述第二工位时，所述棘爪卡止于所述第二棘齿槽，当所述运动体沿所述第一方向由所述第二工位转动至所述第三工位时，所述棘爪卡止于所述第三棘齿槽。
可选地，所述运动体还具有位于所述第一工位和所述第二工位之间的第 四工位，在运动体沿所述第一方向转动至所述第四工位时，所述注液口和所述进液口开始流体连通；所述棘齿还形成有位于在所述第一棘齿槽和所述第二棘齿槽之间的第四棘齿槽，所述第一棘齿槽与第四棘齿槽在圆周按方向上的转角小于所述运动体由所述第一工位转动至所述第四工位所转动的角度。
可选地，所述限位环上形成有向下凸起的限位部，所述基座上形成有用于容纳所述限位部的限位凹槽，以对所述限位环进行周向限位。
可选地，所述运动体的插入所述基座的部分的外周面上设置有密封胶条。
可选地，所述阀体还包括套设在所述运动体的外部并固定在所述基座上的压盖，所述压盖从顶部将所述运动体压到所述基座中，所述压盖的对应于所述注液通道的位置设置有可供所述注液管插入的开孔。
可选地，所述注液枪具有用于径向凸出的驱动凸块，所述压盖上形成有竖向延伸的导向槽，所述导向槽用于与所述驱动凸块滑动配合而引导所述注液管插入所述注液通道；所述运动体的外周面上开设有在底端相连通的第一驱动滑槽和第二驱动滑槽，所述第一驱动滑槽沿所述第二方向由所述运动体的顶部端面向底部端面倾斜延伸，所述第二驱动滑槽沿所述第二方向由所述第一驱动滑槽的底端向所述运动体的顶部端面倾斜延伸；其中，在所述第一工位，所述驱动凸块位于所述导向槽的顶端，所述第一驱动滑槽的顶端与所述导向槽的顶端对齐，所述驱动凸块沿所述导向槽向下运动时，沿所述第一驱动滑槽移动而驱动所述运动体沿所述第一方向转动至所述第二工位；在所述第二工位，所述驱动凸块位于所述导向槽的底端，所述第一驱动滑槽和所述第二驱动滑槽的底端与所述导向槽的底端对齐，所述驱动凸块沿所述导向槽向上运动时，沿所述第二驱动滑槽移动而驱动所述运动体沿所述第一方向转动至所述第三工位；在所述第三工位时，所述驱动凸块位于所述导向槽的顶端，所述第二驱动滑槽的顶端与所述导向槽的顶端对齐。
可选地，所述第一驱动滑槽和所述第二驱动滑槽形成为Y形结构，所述Y形结构的竖直段偏向于所述第二驱动滑槽。
可选地，所述注液枪具有限位卡钩，所述压盖的外周面形成有用于与所述限位卡钩配合的卡槽，以使得当所述注液管插入所述注液通道中且所述运动体位于所述第二工位时，所述限位卡钩能够卡接于所述卡槽中。
可选地，所述注液枪包括主体和贯穿所述主体的注液管，以在朝向所述主体的内侧转动时卡接到所述卡槽中，并在朝向所述主体的外侧转动时解除卡接，所述限位卡钩与所述主体之间设置有弹性件，所述弹性件构造为能够为所述限位卡钩提供朝向所述主体内侧转动的弹力。
可选地，所述基座上还开设有排污通道，所述排污通道由所述基座的内部倾斜向下延伸至所述基座的外表面，所述排污通道配置为：当所述运动体位于所述第一工位时，所述注液口与所述排污通道连通，以将进入所述注液口的液体通过所述排污通道排出。
可选地，所述密封盖包括相互连接的堵盖和防盗环，所述密封盖配置为：当所述堵盖打开以使得所述出液口与外部液体连通时，所述防盗环与所述堵盖分离并锁止在所述基座上。
可选地，所述堵盖上开设有透气孔，所述堵盖的内侧对应于所述透气孔的位置设置有防水透气膜。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本公开还提供一种液体采样瓶，包括瓶体和上述技术方案中的盖体，所述瓶体上开设有开口，所述开口与所述进液口和出液口连通。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本公开还提供一种液体采样装置，包括上述技术方案中的液体采样瓶和注液枪，所述注液枪能够通过所述盖体向所述瓶体内注液。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本公开还提供一种注液枪，该注液枪为上述 技术方案中的液体采样装置中的注液枪。
通过上述技术方案，本公开提供的液体采样瓶的盖体能够通过基座固定连接在瓶体的开口处，以通过该盖体向瓶体内注入液体样品，由于基座上安装的阀体具有能够沿第一方向运动的运动体，因此，在对液体进行采样时，可以使运动体由初始的第一工位沿第一方向运动至第二工位，使得液体样品可以依次经过运动体的注液口和基座的进液口而进入瓶体中，之后可以使运动体由第二工位沿第一方向运动至第三工位，使得运动体封闭基座的进液口。由于阀体中设置有止退结构，因此，采样完毕后运动至第三工位的运动体无法再回到第二工位，也就是说，采样之后将采样瓶运回实验室的过程中无法再次向采样瓶内注液，从而避免了运输过程中作弊的可能性。本公开提供的液体采样瓶、液体采样装置、以及注液枪具有与上述技术方案中的盖体相同的技术效果，为了避免不必要的重复，在此不作赘述。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1是本公开具体实施方式中液体采样瓶的盖体的结构示意图；
图2是本公开具体实施方式中未装配密封盖的盖体的结构示意图；
图3是本公开具体实施方式中阀体的结构示意图；
图4是本公开具体实施方式中运动体与限位环配合的结构示意图；
图5是图4的另一个角度的结构示意图；
图6是本公开具体实施方式中运动体与基座装配的结构示意图；
图7是本公开具体实施方式中运动体、限位环与基座装配的结构示意图；
图8是本公开具体实施方式中运动体在基座中位于第一工位时的剖视图；
图9是本公开具体实施方式中注液枪的结构示意图；
图10是本公开具体实施方式中注液枪的剖视图；
图11是本公开具体实施方式中运动体位于第一工位时注液枪与阀体配合的结构示意图；
图12是本公开具体实施方式中运动体位于第一工位时注液枪与柱状结构配合的结构示意图；
图13是本公开具体实施方式中注液枪驱动运动体到达第二工位时的结构示意图；
图14是本公开具体实施方式中注液枪驱动运动体由第二工位向第三工位转动的结构示意图；
图15是本公开具体实施方式中注液枪驱动运动体转动至第三工位的结构示意图；
图16是本公开具体实施方式中运动体位于第一工位时与限位环配合的剖视图，图中为棘爪卡止于第一棘齿槽；
图17是本公开具体实施方式中密封盖的剖视图；
图18是本公开具体实施方式中液体采样瓶的结构示意图。
附图标记说明
1-基座，11-进液口，12-出液口，13-限位凹槽，14-排污通道，2-阀体，20-运动体，201-大径段，202-小径段，21-注液口，22-限位环，221-限位部，222-棘爪，23-密封胶条，241-第一棘齿槽，242-第二棘齿槽，243-第三棘齿槽，244-第四棘齿槽，25-注液通道，26-压盖，261-导向槽，262-卡槽，263-开孔，271-第一驱动滑槽，272-第二驱动滑槽，3-密封盖结构，31-堵盖，311- 透气孔，32-防盗环，33-防水透气膜，4-瓶体，5-注液枪，50-主体，51-注液管，52-驱动凸块，53-限位卡钩，54-转轴，55-弹性件。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。
在本公开中，在未作相反说明的情况下，使用的方位词如“内、外”是指相对于相应零部件自身轮廓的内、外。使用的术语如“第一”、“第二”等是为了区别一个要素和另一个要素，不具有顺序性和重要性。此外，下面的描述在涉及附图时，不同附图中的同一标记表示相同的要素。
根据本公开的具体实施方式，提供一种液体采样瓶的盖体，参考图1至图8所示，该盖体可以包括具有进液口11和出液口12的基座1、设置在基座1上并能够选择性开闭进液口11的阀体2、以及可拆卸地设置在基座上1以开闭出液口12的密封盖3，其中，参考图3至图5所示，阀体2可以包括运动体20，运动体20上开设有能够与注液枪5的注液管51流体连通的注液口21，运动体20能够沿第一方向进行运动，并具有沿第一方向依次设置的第一工位、第二工位和第三工位，其中，第一方向可以为沿直线移动的方向，也可以为沿曲线移动的方向，还可以为绕某个旋转轴线转动的方向，而在本公开的具体实施方式中，图8中的箭头方向表示第一方向，线条A代表运动体20在第一工位时注液口21的中心线的位置，线条B代表运动体20在第二工位时注液口21的中心线的位置，线条C代表运动体20在第三工位时注液口21的中心线的位置，其中，第一工位为盖体在出厂时运动体20的初始位置，参考图8所示，在第一工位，运动体20封闭进液口11，注液口21与进液口11无法连通，在第二工位，注液口21与进液口11对齐而液体连 通以打开进液口11，在第三工位，运动体20封闭进液口11，注液口21与进液口11无法连通，并且其中，阀体2还可以包括设置在基座1上的止退结构，止退结构用于至少在第一工位、第二工位以及第三工位阻止运动体20沿相反于第一方向的第二方向运动。
通过上述技术方案，本公开提供的液体采样瓶的盖体能够通过基座1固定连接在瓶体4的开口处，以通过该盖体向瓶体4内注入液体样品，由于基座1上安装的阀体2具有能够沿第一方向运动的运动体20，因此，在对液体进行采样时，可以使运动体20由初始的第一工位沿第一方向运动至第二工位，使得液体样品可以依次经过运动体20的注液口21和基座1的进液口11而进入瓶体4中，之后可以使运动体20由第二工位沿第一方向运动至第三工位，使得运动体20封闭基座1的进液口11。由于阀体2中设置有止退结构，因此，采样完毕后运动至第三工位的运动体20无法再回到第二工位，也就是说，采样之后将采样瓶运回实验室的过程中无法再次向采样瓶内注液，从而避免了运输过程中作弊的可能性。
为了减小盖体的体积，参考图1至图8所示，运动体20可以构造为底端插入基座1中的柱状结构，第一方向为绕柱状结构的中心轴线顺时针或逆时针转动的方向，以通过使运动体20转动的方式而提高空间利用率，从而减小阀体2的体积，运动体20的顶部端面上可以开设有可供注液管51插入的注液通道25，注液口21可以开设在运动体20的侧壁并与注液通道25连通，以便于在运动体20转动至第二工位时，使得注液口21与基座1内部开设的进液口11对齐而连通。此外，柱状结构可以包括相互连接的小径段202和大径段201，其中，小径段202插入基座1中，大径段201与小径段202之间所形成的轴肩抵靠在基座1，注液口21设置在小径段202的外周面上，注液通道25设置在大径段201的顶部端面上。
参考图4、图5和图7所示，阀体2还可以包括套设在运动体20外侧的 限位环22，限位环22能够沿径向发生弹性变形，且限位环22沿周向锁止于基座1，以避免限位环22随运动体20一起转动；参考图16所示，止退结构可以包括设置在限位环22的内周面的棘爪222和设置在运动体20的外周面的棘齿，棘齿可以形成有依次设置在运动体20的外周面上的第一棘齿槽241、第二棘齿槽242和第三棘齿槽243，其中，在第一工位，棘爪222卡止于第一棘齿槽241，当运动体20如图16中箭头的方向所示沿第一方向由第一工位转动至第二工位时，棘爪222卡止于第二棘齿槽242，当运动体20沿第一方向由第二工位转动至第三工位时，棘爪222卡止于第三棘齿槽243。当运动体20沿第一方向转动的过程中，限位环22能够发生弹性变形，以便于棘爪222与各棘齿槽之间发生相对滑动。为了使运动体20与限位环22之间的配合平稳可靠，棘爪可以包括在限位环22的内周面上沿径向相对的两个棘爪222，对应地，棘齿可以包括在运动体20的外周面上沿径向相对的两个第一棘齿槽241、沿径向相对的两个第二棘齿槽242以及沿径向相对的两个第三棘齿槽243。此外，也可以不在基座1和运动体20之间设置限位环22，而是直接在基座1上设置仅能够沿运动体20的径向移动而靠近或远离运动体20的棘爪，在此需要说明的是，只要棘爪能够沿周向锁止于基座1，并能够沿运动体20的径向移动，且能够实现在对应的工位卡止于运动体20上对应的棘齿槽，本公开对于棘爪的具体设置方式不作限制。
为了使限位环22与基座1之间实现沿周向的相对固定，参考图4和图5所示，限位环22上形成有向下凸起的限位部221，参考图6和图7所示，基座1上形成有用于容纳限位部221的限位凹槽13，限位部221放置在限位凹槽13中，以避免限位环22随运动体20一起转动，从而实现对限位环22的周向限位。
此外，为了使运动体20能够在基座1中转动，运动体20的小径段202与基座1之间间隙配合，而为了确保在第一工位和第三工位注液口21和进 液口11之间无流体连通，参考图3至图5所示，运动体20的插入基座1的部分即小径段202的外周面上可以设置有密封胶条23，以用于密封小径段202与基座1之间的间隙，从而避免在第一工位和第三工位注液口21和进液口11之间通过间隙流体连通，又由于密封胶条23能够发生弹性变形，因此密封胶条23在提供密封的同时不会影响到运动体20在基座1中的转动。
为了避免在采样前通过向采样瓶内提前灌注液体来作弊，运动体20还可以具有位于所述第一工位和所述第二工位之间的第四工位，在运动体20沿第一方向转动至第四工位时，注液口21和进液口11开始流体连通，即第四工位配置为：当运动体20由第一工位沿第一方向转动的过程中，转动至密封胶条23的靠近注液口21一侧的边缘刚刚越过进液口11的边缘时，进液口11与注液口21能够通过小径段202与基座1之间的间隙流体连通的位置；参考图16所示，棘齿还可以形成有位于第一棘齿槽241和第二棘齿槽242之间的第四棘齿槽244，第一棘齿槽241与第四棘齿槽244在圆周方向上的转角小于运动体20由第一工位转动至第四工位所转动的角度。也就是说，如果在采样前想要向采样瓶内灌注液体来作弊，至少需要将运动体20转动至第四工位，当作弊结束想要将运动体20恢复至第一工位时，需要将运动体20沿第二方向反转，当反转至棘爪222卡止于第四棘齿槽244时，运动体20将无法继续沿第二方向转动，也就无法回到第一工位。当工作人员进行采样时，若发现某个采样瓶的盖体中的运动体20不在出厂时初始的第一工位，就能够意识到此采样瓶具有被作弊的风险，从而可以对该采样瓶做作废处理，以避免使用经过作弊的采样瓶采样所导致的检测结果不准确。
为了对运动体20进行轴向限位，参考图1至图3所示，阀体2还可以包括套设在运动体20的外部并固定在基座1上的压盖26，压盖26从顶部将运动体20压到基座1中，压盖26的对应于注液通道25的位置设置有用于避让注液通道25的开孔263，以使得注液管51可以穿过开孔263而插入注 液通道25中。其中，压盖26可以与基座1粘接固定。
为了使运动体20能够被注液枪5驱动而转动，参考图9以及图11至图15所示，注液枪5可以具有用于径向凸出的驱动凸块52，参考图3所示，压盖26上可以形成有竖向延伸的导向槽261，导向槽261用于与驱动凸块52滑动配合而引导注液管51插入注液通道25；参考图4至图6所示，运动体20的大径段201的外周面上可以开设有在底端相连通的第一驱动滑槽271和第二驱动滑槽272，第一驱动滑槽271沿第二方向由大径段201的顶部端面向轴肩倾斜延伸，第二驱动滑槽272沿第二方向由第一驱动滑槽271的底端向大径段201的顶部端面倾斜延伸；其中，参考图11和图12所示，在第一工位，驱动凸块52位于导向槽261的顶端，第一驱动滑槽271的顶端与导向槽261的顶端对齐，驱动凸块52沿导向槽261向下滑动时，沿第一驱动滑槽271移动而驱动运动体20沿第一方向转动至第二工位，也就是说，注液枪5在插入盖体的过程中能够同时驱动运动体20由第一工位转动至第二工位；参考图13所示，在第二工位，驱动凸块52位于导向槽261的底端，第一驱动滑槽271和第二驱动滑槽272的底端与导向槽261的底端对齐，参考图14所示，驱动凸块52沿导向槽261向上运动时，沿第二驱动滑槽272移动而驱动运动体20沿第一方向转动至第三工位，参考图15所示，在第三工位时，驱动凸块52位于导向槽261的顶端，第二驱动滑槽272的顶端与导向槽261的顶端对齐，也就是说，当注液枪5对采样瓶注液完毕之后，注液枪5从盖体拔出的过程中能够同时驱动运动体20由第二工位转动至第三工位。通过上述技术方案，运动体20的转动能够由注液枪5的插拔而驱动，能够提高采样效率。此外，若采样瓶在采样前被作弊而导致盖体的运动体20回不到第一工位，那么，第一驱动滑槽271的顶端将与导向槽261的顶端相互错开，使得注液枪5无法插入盖体中而导致采样瓶无法使用，这也进一步提高了采样瓶的防作弊性能。
参考图5和图6所示，第一驱动滑槽271和第二驱动滑槽272可以构造为Y形结构，Y形结构的竖直段可以偏向于第二驱动滑槽272。
为了避免在注液枪5注液过程中运动体20的转动，参考图3、图9和图10所示，注液枪5可以具有限位卡钩53，在压盖26的外周面可以形成有用于与限位卡钩53配合的卡槽262，以使得当注液管51插入注液通道25中且运动体20位于第二工位时，限位卡钩53能够卡接于卡槽262中，从而使得注液枪5与盖体相对固定，避免注液过程中对注液枪5误操作导致的运动体20转动。
参考图9和图10所示，注液枪5可以包括主体50和贯穿主体50的注液管51，注液管51可以通过插入盖体上的注液通道25中，以通过盖体的注液口21向瓶体4内注液。参考图10所示，限位卡钩53可以通过转轴54可转动地与主体50连接，以在朝向主体50的内侧转动时卡接到卡槽262中，并在朝向主体50的外侧转动时解除与卡槽262的卡接固定，限位卡钩53与主体50之间可以设置有弹性件55，弹性件55构造为能够为限位卡钩53提供朝向主体50内侧转动的弹力。在注液枪5插入盖体并驱动运动体20由第一工位向第二工位转动的过程中，限位卡钩53在压盖26的外周面上滑动，当运动体20转动至第二工位时，限位卡钩53能够在弹性件55的作用下卡紧卡槽262，当注液枪5注液完毕需要拔出时，可以给限位卡钩53施加外力，使得限位卡钩53克服弹性件55的弹力而与卡槽262分离，从而使注液枪5能够从盖体中拔出。
为了避免在注液通道25中提前存入液体而作弊，参考图6和图8所示，基座1上还可以开设有排污通道14，排污通道14由基座1的内部倾斜向下延伸至基座1的外表面，排污通道14可以配置为当运动体20位于第一工位时，注液口21与排污通道14连通，以将进入注液通道25的液体通过注液口21和排污通道14排出，避免注液通道25中存留用于作弊的液体。
为了避免通过基座1的出液口12而作弊，参考图1和图17所示，密封盖3可以包括相互连接的堵盖31和防盗环32，密封盖3可以配置为当堵盖31打开以使得出液口12与外部液体连通时，防盗环32与堵盖31分离并锁止在基座1上。当采样瓶采样完毕被运回实验室之后，若实验室的工作人员发现某个采样瓶上的防盗环32与堵盖31分离，就能够意识到该采样瓶的出液口12曾与外部流体连通，也就是说，在到达实验室之前，该采样瓶具有通过出液口12被作弊的可能性。
此外，为了便于对瓶体4内进行注液，参考图1和图17所示，堵盖31上可以开设有至少一个透气孔311，堵盖31的内侧对应于透气孔311的位置可以设置有防水透气膜33，以使得瓶体4可以通过该防水透气膜33和透气孔311排气，从而便于液体样品通过进液口11被注入瓶体4内。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本公开还提供一种液体采样瓶，参考图18所示，该液体采样瓶可以包括瓶体4和上述技术方案中的盖体，盖体可以与瓶体4粘接固定，瓶体4上开设有开口，开口与盖体的基座1的进液口11和出液口12液体连通。
通过上述技术方案，本公开提供的液体采样瓶具有与上述技术方案中的盖体相同的技术效果，为了避免不必要的重复，在此不作赘述。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本公开还提供一种液体采样装置，包括上述技术方案中的液体采样瓶和注液枪5，注液枪5能够通过盖体向瓶体4内注液。
通过上述技术方案，本公开提供的液体采样装置具有与上述技术方案中的液体采样瓶相同的技术效果，为了避免不必要的重复，在此不作赘述。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本公开还提供一种注液枪，该注液枪为上述技术方案中的液体采样装置中的注液枪5。
通过上述技术方案，本公开提供的注液枪具有与上述技术方案中的液体 采样装置相同的技术效果，为了避免不必要的重复，在此不作赘述。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本公开的技术构思范围内，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本公开的思想，其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种液体采样瓶的盖体，其特征在于，包括：具有进液口(11)和出液口(12)的基座(1)、设置在所述基座(1)上并能够选择性开闭所述进液口(11)的阀体(2)、以及可拆卸地设置在所述基座上(1)以开闭所述出液口(12)的密封盖(3)，
    其中，所述阀体(2)包括运动体(20)，所述运动体(20)上开设有能够与注液枪(5)的注液管(51)流体连通的注液口(21)，所述运动体(20)能够沿第一方向进行运动，并具有沿所述第一方向依次设置的第一工位、第二工位和第三工位，其中，在所述第一工位，所述运动体(20)封闭所述进液口(11)，在所述第二工位，所述注液口(21)与所述进液口(11)连通以打开所述进液口(11)，在所述第三工位，所述运动体(20)封闭所述进液口(11)，
    并且其中，所述阀体(2)还包括设置在所述基座(1)上的止退结构，所述止退结构用于至少在所述第一工位、所述第二工位以及所述第三工位阻止所述运动体(20)沿相反于所述第一方向的第二方向运动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的盖体，其特征在于，所述运动体(20)构造为底端插入所述基座(1)中的柱状结构，所述第一方向为绕所述柱状结构的中心轴线顺时针或逆时针转动的方向，所述运动体(20)的顶部端面上开设有可供所述注液管(51)插入的注液通道(25)，所述注液口(21)开设在所述运动体(20)并与所述注液通道(25)连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的盖体，其特征在于，所述阀体(2)还包括套设在所述运动体(20)外侧的能够沿径向发生弹性变形的限位环(22)，所述限位环(22)沿周向锁止于所述基座(1)；
    所述止退结构包括设置在所述限位环(22)的内周面的棘爪(222)和设置在所述运动体(20)的外周面的棘齿，所述棘齿形成有依次设置在所述运动体(20)的外周面上的第一棘齿槽(241)、第二棘齿槽(242)和第三棘齿槽(243)，其中，在所述第一工位时，所述棘爪(222)卡止于所述第一棘齿槽(241)，当所述运动体(20)沿所述第一方向由所述第一工位转动至所述第二工位时，所述棘爪(222)卡止于所述第二棘齿槽(242)，当所述运动体(20)沿所述第一方向由所述第二工位转动至所述第三工位时，所述棘爪(222)卡止于所述第三棘齿槽(243)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的盖体，其特征在于，所述运动体(20)还具有位于所述第一工位和所述第二工位之间的第四工位，在运动体(20)沿所述第一方向转动至所述第四工位时，所述注液口(21)和所述进液口(11)开始流体连通；
    所述棘齿还形成有位于所述第一棘齿槽(241)和所述第二棘齿槽(242)之间的第四棘齿槽(244)，所述第一棘齿槽(241)与第四棘齿槽(244)在圆周方向上的转角小于所述运动体(20)由所述第一工位转动至所述第四工位所转动的角度。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的盖体，其特征在于，所述限位环(22)上形成有向下凸起的限位部(221)，所述基座(1)上形成有用于容纳所述限位部(221)的限位凹槽(13)，以对所述限位环(22)进行周向限位。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的盖体，其特征在于，所述运动体(20)的插入所述基座(1)的部分的外周面上设置有密封胶条(23)。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6中任一项所述的盖体，其特征在于，所述阀体(2)还包括套设在所述运动体(20)的外部并固定在所述基座(1)上的压盖(26)，所述压盖(26)从顶部将所述运动体(20)压到所述基座(1)中，所述压盖(26)的对应于所述注液通道(25)的位置设置有可供所述注液管(51)插入的开孔(263)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的盖体，其特征在于，所述注液枪(5)具有用于径向凸出的驱动凸块(52)，所述压盖(26)上形成有竖向延伸的导向槽(261)，所述导向槽(261)用于与所述驱动凸块(52)滑动配合而引导所述注液管(51)插入所述注液通道(25)；
    所述运动体(20)的外周面上开设有在底端相连通的第一驱动滑槽(271)和第二驱动滑槽(272)，所述第一驱动滑槽(271)沿所述第二方向由所述运动体(20)的顶部端面向底部端面倾斜延伸，所述第二驱动滑槽(272)沿所述第二方向由所述第一驱动滑槽(271)的底端向所述运动体(20)的顶部端面倾斜延伸；
    其中，在所述第一工位，所述驱动凸块(52)位于所述导向槽(261)的顶端，所述第一驱动滑槽(271)的顶端与所述导向槽(261)的顶端对齐，所述驱动凸块(52)沿所述导向槽(261)向下运动时，沿所述第一驱动滑槽(271)移动而驱动所述运动体(20)沿所述第一方向转动至所述第二工位；
    在所述第二工位，所述驱动凸块(52)位于所述导向槽(261)的底端，所述第一驱动滑槽(271)和所述第二驱动滑槽(272)的底端与所述导向槽(261)的底端对齐，所述驱动凸块(52)沿所述导向槽(261)向上运动时，沿所述第二驱动滑槽(272)移动而驱动所述运动体(20)沿所述第一方向转动至所述第三工位；
    在所述第三工位时，所述驱动凸块(52)位于所述导向槽(261)的顶端，所述第二驱动滑槽(272)的顶端与所述导向槽(261)的顶端对齐。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的盖体，其特征在于，所述第一驱动滑槽(271)和所述第二驱动滑槽(272)形成为Y形结构，所述Y形结构的竖直段偏向于所述第二驱动滑槽(272)。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的盖体，其特征在于，所述注液枪(5)具有限位卡钩(53)，所述压盖(26)的外周面形成有用于与所述限位卡钩(53)配合的卡槽(262)，以使得当所述注液管(51)插入所述注液通道(25)中且所述运动体(20)位于所述第二工位时，所述限位卡钩(53)能够卡接于所述卡槽(262)中。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的盖体，其特征在于，所述注液枪(5)包括主体(50)和贯穿所述主体(50)的注液管(51)，所述限位卡钩(53)通过转轴(54)可转动地与所述主体(50)连接，以在朝向所述主体(50)的内侧转动时卡接到所述卡槽(262)中，并在朝向所述主体(50)的外侧转动时解除卡接，所述限位卡钩(53)与所述主体(50)之间设置有弹性件(55)，所述弹性件(55)构造为能够为所述限位卡钩(53)提供朝向所述主体(50)内侧转动的弹力。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的盖体，其特征在于，所述基座(1)上还开设有排污通道(14)，所述排污通道(14)由所述基座(1)的内部倾斜向下延伸至所述基座(1)的外表面，所述排污通道(14)配置为：当所述运动体(20)位于所述第一工位时，所述注液口(21)与所述排污通道(14) 连通，以将进入所述注液口(21)的液体通过所述排污通道(14)排出。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的盖体，其特征在于，所述密封盖(3)包括相互连接的堵盖(31)和防盗环(32)，所述密封盖(3)配置为：当所述堵盖(31)打开以使得所述出液口(12)与外部液体连通时，所述防盗环(32)与所述堵盖(31)分离并锁止在所述基座(1)上。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的盖体，其特征在于，所述堵盖(31)上开设有透气孔(311)，所述堵盖(31)的内侧对应于所述透气孔(311)的位置设置有防水透气膜(33)。
  15. 一种液体采样瓶，其特征在于，包括瓶体(4)和权利要求1-14中任一项所述的盖体，所述瓶体(4)上开设有开口，所述开口与所述进液口(11)和出液口(12)连通。
  16. 一种液体采样装置，其特征在于，包括权利要求15所述的液体采样瓶和注液枪(5)，所述注液枪(5)能够通过所述盖体向所述瓶体(4)内注液。
  17. 一种注液枪，其特征在于，所述注液枪为权利要求16所述的液体采样装置中的注液枪(5)。
PCT/CN2022/083869 2021-06-30 2022-03-29 液体采样瓶的盖体、液体采样瓶、液体采样装置和注液枪 WO2023273454A1 (zh)

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US4526293A (en) * 1983-01-31 1985-07-02 Kramer Steven G Tamper resistant closure member
US4444328A (en) * 1983-02-25 1984-04-24 Martin Abrams Tamper-resistant packaging arrangement
US4555044A (en) * 1983-08-08 1985-11-26 Pearo John M Tamper-proof pill dispenser
EP0279126A2 (en) * 1987-02-10 1988-08-24 Helena Laboratories Corporation Specimen collection apparatus
US4756434A (en) * 1987-11-23 1988-07-12 Frank Edward G Tamper proof cap
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WO2012171458A1 (zh) * 2011-06-16 2012-12-20 Cao Shujun 尿液取样器
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