WO2023246538A1 - 一种电磁阀及设备 - Google Patents

一种电磁阀及设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023246538A1
WO2023246538A1 PCT/CN2023/099611 CN2023099611W WO2023246538A1 WO 2023246538 A1 WO2023246538 A1 WO 2023246538A1 CN 2023099611 W CN2023099611 W CN 2023099611W WO 2023246538 A1 WO2023246538 A1 WO 2023246538A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coil winding
yoke
solenoid valve
valve core
air inlet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/099611
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王攸华
靳俊叶
张凯
徐涛
王鑫
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2023246538A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023246538A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0675—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
    • A61B5/0235—Valves specially adapted therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603—Multiple-way valves

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field, and in particular to a solenoid valve and equipment.
  • Blood pressure status is closely related to human health and is a key indicator for evaluating many diseases.
  • people require the ability to use wearable sphygmomanometers or sphygmomanometers to dynamically measure blood pressure anytime and anywhere.
  • the air pump of the wearable blood pressure monitor fails and cannot be deflated, the air bag is required to be deflated through the air valve.
  • the existing air valve cannot respond quickly and needs to be powered on all the time during the air bag inflation process, which consumes high energy.
  • This application provides a solenoid valve and equipment, aiming to quickly switch the solenoid valve to a normally open or normally closed state, shorten the solenoid valve energization time, and reduce energy consumption.
  • a first aspect of this application provides a solenoid valve, which includes:
  • a magnetic yoke the magnetic yoke is arranged in the accommodation cavity, and the magnetic yoke has a mounting slot;
  • Coil windings the coil windings are arranged in the mounting slot
  • the magnetic yoke when the coil winding is energized, the magnetic yoke can drive the movement of the valve core assembly, and the valve core assembly drives the multi-stable element to deform to a stable position, so that the valve core assembly is blocked Or open the air path of the solenoid valve;
  • the moving coil winding can generate a magnetic field, and the magnetic field generated by the moving coil can interact with the magnetic field generated by the coil winding to detect signal changes of the coil winding.
  • the coil winding When the coil winding is energized, it generates a magnetic field, causing the magnetic yoke to generate magnetic force to drive the valve core assembly to move.
  • the valve core assembly drives the moving coil winding to move, so that the moving coil winding generates a magnetic field.
  • the magnetic field generated by the moving coil winding interacts with the magnetic field generated by the coil winding. It affects the signal of the coil winding. By detecting the signal change of the coil winding, it can be judged whether the valve core component is moving normally, and then whether the solenoid valve is working normally.
  • the upward buckling deformation distance of the multi-stable element is Y3, and the downward buckling deformation distance of the multi-stable element is Y4;
  • Y3 ⁇ Y1 and Y4 ⁇ Y2 are satisfied, so that the multi-stable element positions the valve core assembly.
  • the buckling deformation amount of the valve body after the multi-stable element is installed on the valve body is smaller than the buckling deformation amount before the multi-stable element is not installed on the valve body, so that the multi-stable element of the valve body can still function after installation. It has a deformation tendency, restricts the movement of the valve core assembly, and positions the valve core assembly in a state of blocking the air path or in a state of opening the air path.
  • the valve core assembly includes a partition, the partition is located in the interval, and there is a gap between the adjacent partition and the multi-stable element;
  • the multi-stable element is divided into multiple parts, and the partition is set at each part of the multi-stable component. Within the spacing of the components, the multistable components will not be blocked between the separator and the coil windings, so that the separator can be closer to the coil windings, thereby ensuring that the separator can be attracted to move.
  • the coil winding includes a first coil winding and a second coil winding, the first coil winding is arranged in the first installation slot, and the second coil winding is arranged in the second installation slot;
  • the first yoke When the first coil winding is energized, the first yoke can attract the separator, and the separator drives the multi-stable element to deform to a first stable position;
  • the second yoke When the second coil winding is energized, the second yoke can attract the separator, and the separator drives the multi-stable element to deform to a second stable position.
  • the first magnetic yoke also has a first ventilation hole, the first ventilation hole is connected with the first air inlet, the second magnetic yoke also has a second ventilation hole, the second ventilation hole is connected with the first air inlet.
  • the first air outlets are connected;
  • the valve core assembly includes a first sealing member, the first sealing member is disposed close to the first vent hole;
  • the first magnetic yoke When the first coil winding is energized, the first magnetic yoke can attract the separator, and the separator drives the multi-stable element to deform to a first stable position, causing the first seal to seal.
  • the first vent hole is used to block the air path;
  • the second yoke When the second coil winding is energized, the second yoke can attract the separator, and the separator drives the multi-stable element to deform to a second stable position, causing the first seal to move away from the The first vent hole, the partition plate and the third The two magnetic yokes are in contact with each other, and the first air inlet is connected with the first air outlet to open the air path.
  • the first vent hole and the second vent hole are connected with the accommodation cavity, and the first air inlet and the first air outlet are arranged oppositely along the height direction of the solenoid valve.
  • the partition plate drives the first sealing member to move, so that the first sealing member moves to the position of blocking the first vent hole.
  • the partition plate drives the multi-stable element to deform to the first stable position, so that the multi-stable element presses the first sealing member to always block the first vent hole, thereby disconnecting the air path of the solenoid valve.
  • the first magnetic yoke also has a first ventilation hole, the first ventilation hole is connected with the first air inlet, the second magnetic yoke also has a second ventilation hole, the second ventilation hole is connected with the first air inlet.
  • the second air inlets are connected;
  • the valve core assembly further includes a first sealing member and a second sealing member, the first sealing member is disposed near the first vent hole, and the second sealing member is disposed near the second vent hole;
  • the first magnetic yoke When the first coil winding is energized, the first magnetic yoke can attract the separator, and the separator drives the multi-stable element to deform to a first stable position, causing the first seal to seal.
  • the first ventilation hole, the second air inlet and the first air outlet are connected;
  • the second yoke When the second coil winding is energized, the second yoke can attract the separator, and the separator drives the multi-stable element to deform to a second stable position, causing the second seal to seal.
  • the second ventilation hole, the first air inlet and the first air outlet are connected.
  • the first air inlet and the second air inlet are arranged oppositely, and the first air outlet is arranged on one side of the first air inlet and the second air inlet.
  • the partition plate drives the first sealing member to move, so that the first sealing member moves to the position of blocking the first vent hole, so as to block the first air inlet.
  • the partition drives the multi-stable element to deform to the first stable position, so that the multi-stable element presses the first seal to always block the first air inlet, thereby realizing the connection between the second air inlet and the first outlet.
  • the vents are connected.
  • the partition plate drives the second sealing member to move, so that the second sealing member moves to the position of blocking the second vent hole, so as to block the second air inlet.
  • the partition drives the multi-stable element to deform to the second stable position, so that the multi-stable element presses the second seal to always block the second air inlet, thus realizing the connection between the first air inlet and the first outlet.
  • the vents are connected.
  • valve core assembly further includes a moving valve core, and the moving coil winding is wound around the outer ring of the moving valve core;
  • the moving valve core drives the moving coil winding to move in a direction close to the first coil winding, so that the magnetic field generated by the moving coil winding is in contact with the The magnetic field generated by the first coil winding interacts to detect the signal change of the first coil winding and determine whether the solenoid valve is operating normally;
  • the moving valve core drives the moving coil winding to move in a direction close to the second coil winding, so that the magnetic field generated by the moving coil winding is in contact with the moving coil winding.
  • the magnetic field generated by the second coil winding interacts to detect signal changes of the second coil winding and determine whether the solenoid valve is operating normally.
  • the first coil winding When the first coil winding is energized, the first coil winding generates a magnetic field, causing the first yoke to generate magnetic force, which can attract the moving valve core to move toward it.
  • the moving valve core drives the moving coil winding to move in a direction close to the first coil winding.
  • the moving coil The magnetic field generated by the winding during movement interacts with the magnetic field generated by the first coil winding, affecting the electrical signal of the first coil winding. Therefore, a detection element is used to detect changes in the electrical signal (such as current, voltage, power, etc.) of the first coil winding to determine whether the first seal moves in a direction close to the first vent hole, and to determine whether the solenoid valve is normal. Work.
  • the second coil winding can generate a magnetic field to detect the signal change of the second coil winding and determine the first Whether a coil winding is working properly;
  • the first coil winding can generate a magnetic field to detect the signal change of the first coil winding and determine the third Whether the secondary coil winding is working properly.
  • a magnetic field is generated, causing the second coil winding to also generate a magnetic field.
  • the magnetic field generates an electrical signal
  • a detection element is used to detect changes in the electrical signal of the second coil winding.
  • the magnetic field generated when the moving coil winding moves will also cause the electrical signal of the second coil to change.
  • a detection element is used to detect the change of the electrical signal of the second coil winding, to determine whether the first coil winding is working normally, and to determine whether the first seal Check whether the component moves toward the first vent hole to determine whether the solenoid valve is working properly.
  • the installation groove is an annular groove, and the annular groove is provided with an inner wall and an outer wall;
  • the tooth grooves on the end surface can circulate the air flow and increase the relative area with the partition.
  • the end surface of the outer wall close to one end of the partition is provided with tooth grooves.
  • the installation groove is an annular groove, and the annular groove is provided with an inner wall and an outer wall;
  • the tooth grooves on the end surface can circulate the air flow and increase the relative area with the partition.
  • the valve body includes a first air inlet, a first air outlet and a second air outlet;
  • the magnetic yoke When the coil winding is energized, the magnetic yoke can attract the separator, and the separator drives the multi-stable element to move and deform, causing the separator to contact the magnetic yoke.
  • the air port, the first air outlet and the second air outlet are connected;
  • the multi-stable element deforms and rebounds to the second stable point, and drives the first seal to seal the first air inlet;
  • the buckling deformation distance of the multi-stable element is less than Y4.
  • the first air inlet passes through the side wall of the valve body along the height direction of the solenoid valve, and the first air outlet and the second air outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the first air inlet, and they are arranged oppositely.
  • the multi-stable element When the coil winding is not energized, the multi-stable element is at the second stable point, and the multi-stable element presses the first seal to seal the first air inlet, thereby disconnecting the air path of the solenoid valve.
  • the coil winding When the coil winding is energized, the coil winding generates a magnetic field, and the yoke is magnetized to generate a magnetic force, which causes the yoke to attract the partition plate to move in a direction closer to the yoke.
  • the partition plate drives the first seal away from the first air inlet, and the partition plate moves to the direction close to the yoke.
  • the magnetic yoke abuts to connect the first air inlet to the first air outlet and the second air outlet, thereby opening the solenoid valve.
  • the partition drives the multi-stable element to deform, and at this time, the deformation distance of the multi-stable element is smaller than the distance from the multi-stable element to the second stable point.
  • the magnetic field disappears. Because when the coil winding is powered off, the deformation distance of the multi-stable element is less than the distance from the multi-stable element to the second stable point. At this time, the multi-stable element will move towards the second stable state. The position deforms and rebounds until the first sealing member reaches the top of the valve body, blocking the first air inlet and realizing the solenoid valve disconnection.
  • the valve body includes a first air inlet and a first air outlet;
  • the yoke is provided with a first ventilation hole, and the first ventilation hole is connected with the first air outlet;
  • the valve core assembly further includes a first sealing member and a magnetic member, the first sealing member is disposed at an end of the magnetic member close to the first air inlet, and the magnetic member can magnetize the partition;
  • the magnetic yoke attracts the separator, and the separator drives the multi-stable element to move and deform to the first stable point, causing the separator to contact the magnetic yoke. Then, the first air inlet communicates with the first air outlet through the first vent hole to open the air path;
  • the magnetic yoke repels the partition plate under the action of the magnetic field, and the partition plate drives the first sealing member to seal the first air inlet to block the air path.
  • the first air inlet and the first air outlet are arranged oppositely.
  • this embodiment is provided with a coil winding and a magnetic yoke, without a moving coil winding, and the moving valve core is replaced with a magnetic component, which is a permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic part magnetizes the separator, and the magnetic yoke attracts the separator to move in the direction close to the magnetic yoke, and finally the separator is adsorbed on the magnetic yoke, and the separator drives the first seal away from the first air inlet.
  • the first air inlet is connected with the first air outlet to realize the opening of the solenoid valve air path.
  • the separator drives the multi-stable element to deform to the first stable position, and the multi-stable element is in a tensile state.
  • the coil winding When the coil winding is energized, the coil winding generates a magnetic field.
  • the magnetic field generated by the coil winding is opposite to the magnetic field of the magnetic part.
  • the repulsive partition and the magnetic part move in the direction away from the magnetic yoke.
  • the resilience of the multi-stable element and the repulsive force generated by the coil winding The first sealing member is pressed on the valve body through the partition plate and blocks the first air inlet, thereby disconnecting the air path of the solenoid valve.
  • the valve body includes a first air inlet and a first air outlet;
  • the yoke is provided with a first ventilation hole, and the first ventilation hole is connected with the first air outlet;
  • the valve core assembly further includes a first sealing member and a magnetic member, the first sealing member is provided at an end of the magnetic member close to the first air outlet, and the magnetic member can magnetize the partition;
  • the yoke attracts the partition, which drives the seal to seal the first vent hole, and the multi-stable element moves and deforms to the second stable point. , to block the gas path;
  • the yoke repels the separator under the action of the magnetic field, and the separator drives the multi-stable element to deform, causing the first sealing member to move away from the first vent hole.
  • the first air inlet communicates with the first air outlet through the first vent hole to open the air path.
  • the first air inlet and the first air outlet are arranged oppositely.
  • this embodiment is provided with a coil winding and a magnetic yoke, without a moving coil winding, and the moving valve core is replaced with a magnetic component, which is a permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic part magnetizes the separator, and the magnetic yoke attracts the separator to move in the direction close to the magnetic yoke, and finally the separator is adsorbed on the magnetic yoke, and the separator drives the first sealing member to block the first vent hole. , to block the first air outlet and disconnect the air path of the solenoid valve.
  • the separator drives the multi-stable element to deform to the second stable position, and the multi-stable element is in a tensile state.
  • the coil winding When the coil winding is energized, the coil winding generates a magnetic field.
  • the magnetic field generated by the coil winding is opposite to the magnetic field of the magnetic part.
  • the repulsive partition and the magnetic part move in the direction away from the magnetic yoke.
  • the resilience of the multi-stable element and the repulsive force generated by the coil winding The first sealing member is driven by the partition plate to move in a direction away from the first vent hole, so that the first air inlet and the first air outlet are connected through the first vent hole, thereby opening the air path of the solenoid valve.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first air inlet is larger than the cross-sectional area of the magnetic component.
  • a second aspect of this application provides a solenoid valve, which includes:
  • a first magnetic yoke the first magnetic yoke is arranged in the accommodation cavity, and the first magnetic yoke has a first mounting slot;
  • a first coil winding, the first coil winding is arranged in the first installation slot
  • a valve core assembly which is disposed in the accommodation cavity and capable of moving relative to the valve body
  • An elastic member is arranged in the accommodation cavity, and the two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the inner wall of the valve core assembly and the valve body;
  • the elastic member under the elastic force of the elastic member, the elastic member can press the valve core assembly, so that the valve core assembly blocks or opens the air path of the solenoid valve;
  • the first magnetic yoke When the first coil winding is energized, the first magnetic yoke can drive the valve core assembly to move, so that the valve core assembly can overcome the elastic force of the elastic member to open or block the air path of the solenoid valve.
  • an elastic member is provided to press the valve core assembly, so that the valve core assembly can be kept in a state of blocking or opening the air path, and changing the on-off state of the air path only requires the first coil winding to work for a short time, and consumes less energy.
  • the first sealing member When the first coil winding is powered off, under the elastic force of the elastic member, the first sealing member is pressed through the partition plate to seal the first air inlet to block the air path;
  • the first yoke attracts the separator, and the separator overcomes the elastic force of the elastic member and drives the first sealing member in a direction away from the first air inlet. Movement, the first air inlet communicates with the first air outlet to open the air path.
  • the first air inlet passes through the side wall of the valve body along the height direction of the solenoid valve, and the first air outlet is provided on one side of the first air inlet along the length direction of the solenoid valve.
  • the elastic member can be used as a spring. One end of the spring is connected to the partition plate, and the other end is connected to the bottom wall of the valve body. The spring is installed in the accommodation cavity and is in a pre-compressed state.
  • the elastic member can press the partition plate through its elastic force, and the partition plate contacts the inner wall of the valve body, so that the partition plate presses the first sealing member to block the first air inlet, thereby realizing the solenoid valve.
  • the air line remains disconnected.
  • the first coil winding When the first coil winding is energized, a magnetic field is generated, the first yoke is magnetized, and a magnetic force is generated.
  • the first yoke attracts the separator to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member and moves toward the first yoke, and the separator drives the first seal away.
  • the first air inlet connects the first air inlet and the first air outlet to realize opening of the solenoid valve air path.
  • the first yoke is provided with a recessed portion
  • the partition plate is provided with a convex portion corresponding to the recessed portion, and the convex portion is disposed in the recessed portion;
  • the protruding part can move along the recessed part.
  • the protruding portion can move within the recessed portion.
  • the contact area between the separator and the first magnetic yoke is increased, thereby enhancing the magnetic attraction force.
  • the valve core assembly includes a partition plate and a first sealing member, and the partition plate is connected to the first sealing member;
  • the valve body has a first air inlet and a first air outlet, and the first sealing member is disposed close to the first air outlet;
  • the first yoke is provided with a first ventilation hole, and the first ventilation hole is connected with the first air outlet;
  • the partition plate When the first coil winding is powered off, the partition plate is pressed under the elastic force of the elastic member, so that the first sealing member is away from the first vent hole, and the first air inlet passes through the first vent hole.
  • the first vent hole is connected with the first air outlet to open the air path;
  • the first yoke attracts the separator, and the separator overcomes the elastic force of the elastic member and drives the first sealing member to seal the first vent hole to block it.
  • the air path When the first coil winding is energized, the first yoke attracts the separator, and the separator overcomes the elastic force of the elastic member and drives the first sealing member to seal the first vent hole to block it. The air path.
  • the first air inlet and the first air outlet are arranged oppositely.
  • Elastic parts can be used Used as spring. One end of the spring is connected to the partition plate, and the other end is connected to the bottom wall of the valve body. The spring is installed in the accommodation cavity and is in a pre-compressed state.
  • the elastic member can press the partition plate through its elastic force, causing the partition plate to contact the valve body. At this time, the first sealing member is away from the first vent hole, so that the solenoid valve air path remains open.
  • the first coil winding When the first coil winding is energized, a magnetic field is generated, the first yoke is magnetized, and a magnetic force is generated.
  • the first yoke attracts the separator to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member and move toward the first yoke.
  • the separator drives the first sealing member to seal. Block the first vent hole to disconnect the air path of the solenoid valve.
  • a third aspect of this application provides a device for measuring blood pressure, the device including:
  • An airbag is installed on the main body of the device, and the airbag is used to be worn on the part to be measured;
  • a pressure sensor installed on the main body of the device, the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the airbag;
  • a solenoid valve the solenoid valve is installed on the main body of the equipment, and the solenoid valve is the solenoid valve described above;
  • the detection element is used to detect whether the solenoid valve is working normally.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the valve core assembly in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the second air inlet and the first air outlet of the solenoid valve provided in the second embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the closed state of the solenoid valve provided by the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the open state of the solenoid valve provided by the fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the multi-stable element and the separator provided by this application;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the multi-stable element and the separator provided by this application;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the first yoke/second yoke provided in this application.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the first yoke/second yoke provided in this application.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the first yoke/second yoke provided in this application.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the state of the multi-stable component provided by this application before processing
  • FIGS 18 and 19 are schematic diagrams of the state in which the multi-stable element provided by this application is not installed on the valve body;
  • FIGS 20 and 21 are schematic diagrams of the state in which the multi-stable element provided by this application is installed on the valve body;
  • Figures 22 and 23 are schematic diagrams of the detection element provided by the first detection method of the present application for detecting the first coil winding
  • Figures 24 and 25 are schematic diagrams of the detection element provided by the first detection method of the present application for detecting the second coil winding
  • Figures 26 and 27 are schematic diagrams of the detection element provided by the second detection method of the present application for detecting the second coil winding
  • Figures 28 and 29 are schematic diagrams of the detection element provided by the second detection method of the present application for detecting the first coil winding
  • Figure 30 is a schematic diagram of the solenoid valve provided by the sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • This embodiment provides a device for measuring blood pressure, which may be a sphygmomanometer.
  • the device at least includes a power supply 3, a device body, an air bag, an air pump, a pressure sensor and a solenoid valve 1.
  • the airbag is installed on the main body of the device and can be a cuff worn on the wrist or upper wall of the measured area.
  • the air pump is installed on the main body of the device, and is connected with the air bag, so that the air pump can provide fluid into the air bag and pressurize the air bag, where the fluid is air.
  • the pressure sensor is installed on the main body of the device and is used to detect the pressure of the air bag.
  • the solenoid valve is installed on the main body of the equipment and is connected with the air bag and the air pump, so that when the air pump fails and cannot deflate the air bag, the air bag can be deflated through the solenoid valve 1 so that the equipment can operate normally.
  • the power supply 3 is installed on the main body of the equipment and is used to provide electric energy to the air pump, pressure sensor and solenoid valve 1.
  • the device In order to provide real-time feedback on the working status of the solenoid valve 1, the device also includes a detection element 2.
  • the detection element 2 is electrically connected to the solenoid valve 1 to detect whether the solenoid valve 1 is working normally so as to locate the fault location of the equipment.
  • the solenoid valve 1 includes a valve body 11 , a magnetic yoke, a coil winding, a valve core assembly 12 and a multi-stable element 13 .
  • the valve body 11 has an accommodating cavity 111, a magnetic yoke is arranged in the accommodating cavity 111, the magnetic yoke has a mounting slot, and the coil winding is arranged in the mounting slot.
  • the valve core assembly 12 is disposed in the accommodation cavity 111 .
  • the outer peripheral end of the multi-stable element 13 is connected to the valve body 11
  • the inner peripheral end of the multi-stable element 13 is connected to the valve core assembly 12 .
  • the multi-stable element 13 is provided with at least one stable position to position the valve core assembly 12 .
  • the magnetic yoke can drive the movement of the valve core 124 assembly 12, and the valve core assembly 12 drives the multi-stable element 13 to deform to a stable position to position the valve core assembly 12 to block or open the gas flow of the solenoid valve 1. road.
  • the multi-stable element 13 After the multi-stable element 13 reaches the stable position, it can position the valve core assembly 12, that is, limit the movement of the valve core assembly 12, keep the valve core assembly 12 in a state of blocking the air path of the solenoid valve 1, or make the valve core The assembly 12 remains in the state of opening the air path of the solenoid valve 1 .
  • the movement of the valve core assembly 12 is controlled electromagnetically to open or block the air path, thereby achieving a quick response of the solenoid valve 1 so as to release air in time.
  • the coil winding only needs to work (energized) for a short period of time to change the on-off state of the air path and reduce energy consumption.
  • the multistable element 13 has a certain elasticity and can be repeatedly buckled and deformed.
  • the multistable element 13 can be made of plastic or metal.
  • the multi-stable element 13 is divided into multiple parts along its circumferential direction, and there is an interval between each part of the multi-stable element 13; the valve core assembly 12 includes a partition 121, the partition 121 is located at the interval, and the adjacent partition 121 is connected to the multi-stable element 13. There is a gap between the elements 13; when the coil winding is energized, the yoke can attract the movement of the partition 121.
  • the shape of the multi-stable element 13 can be a plurality of straight elastic bands, or a plurality of zigzag elastic bands.
  • the zigzag elastic band is similar to a flat spring and has better elasticity.
  • the magnetic attraction force between the magnetic yoke and the separator 121 is closely related to the gap between them. The smaller the gap, the greater the magnetic attraction force. However, the small gap between the yoke and the partition 121 will hinder the airflow and cause a leakage surface.
  • tooth slots 143 are provided on the magnetic yoke. By providing the tooth slots 143, the relative area between the magnetic yoke and the partition 121 can be increased to increase the magnetic attraction and increase the air flow rate.
  • the installation groove for installing the coil winding is an annular groove.
  • the annular groove is provided with an inner wall 141a and an outer wall 141b.
  • the tooth slot 143 can be provided on the end surface of the outer wall 141b close to one end of the partition 121, so that the tooth slot on the end surface 143 can circulate airflow and increase the relative area with the partition 121 .
  • Figure 17 shows the lateral distance of the multi-stable element 13 before processing is X1.
  • the multi-stable element 13 is installed in front of the valve body 11. During the buckling deformation process of the multi-stable element 13, the lateral distance of the bi-stable element is shortened from X1 to X2, and the multi-stable element 13 faces upward.
  • the buckling deformation distance is Y1
  • the downward buckling deformation distance of the multi-stable element 13 is Y2.
  • Y3 ⁇ Y1, Y4 ⁇ Y2 need to be satisfied, that is, the buckling deformation amount of the valve body 11 after the multi-stable element 13 is installed on the valve body 11 is smaller than the buckling deformation amount before the multi-stable element 13 is not installed on the valve body 11, Therefore, the multi-stable element 13 of the valve body 11 after installation can still have a deformation tendency, restrict the movement of the valve core assembly 12, and position the valve core assembly 12 in a state of blocking the gas path or in a state of opening the gas path.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the solenoid valve 1 in a closed state according to the first embodiment.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the valve core assembly 12 in the first embodiment.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the valve core assembly 12 in the first embodiment.
  • a schematic diagram of the solenoid valve 1 in an open state is provided in a specific embodiment.
  • the magnetic yoke includes a first magnetic yoke 14 and a second magnetic yoke 15.
  • the first magnetic yoke 14 is disposed on one side of the valve core assembly 12, and the second magnetic yoke 15 is disposed on one side of the valve core assembly 12.
  • a coil winding 16 is arranged in the first installation slot 141, and a second coil winding 17 is arranged in the second installation slot 151; when the first coil winding 16 is energized, the first yoke 14 can attract the partition 121, and the partition 121 drives the multi-stability The multi-stable element 13 deforms to the first stable position; when the second coil winding 17 is energized, the second yoke 15 can attract the separator 121, and the separator 121 drives the multi-stable element 13 to deform to the second stable position.
  • the first vent hole 142 and the second vent hole 152 are connected with the accommodation cavity 111 , and along the height direction Z of the solenoid valve 1 , the first air inlet 112 and the first air outlet 113 are arranged oppositely.
  • the second coil winding 17 When the first coil winding 16 is energized, the second coil winding 17 is in a de-energized state.
  • the first coil winding 16 generates a magnetic field, which polarizes the first magnetic yoke 14 and generates magnetic force, so that the first magnetic yoke 14 can
  • the partition plate 121 is attracted to move in a direction close to the first yoke 14 , and the partition plate 121 drives the first sealing member 122 to move, so that the first sealing member 122 moves to a position where the first vent hole 142 is blocked.
  • the partition plate 121 drives the multi-stable element 13 to deform to the first stable position, so that the multi-stable element 13 presses the first seal 122 to always block the first vent hole 142, thereby realizing the air circulation of the solenoid valve 1.
  • the road is broken.
  • the first coil winding 16 is in a de-energized state.
  • the second coil winding 17 generates a magnetic field, which polarizes the second magnetic yoke 15 and generates magnetic force, allowing the second magnetic yoke 15 to
  • the partition plate 121 is attracted to move in a direction close to the second yoke 15 , and the partition plate 121 drives the first seal 122 away from the first vent hole 142 .
  • the partition plate 121 drives The multi-stable element 13 deforms to the second stable position, so that the multi-stable element 13 presses the partition plate 121 to remain in contact with the second yoke 15 , thereby keeping the first seal 122 away from the first vent hole 142
  • the first vent hole 142, the accommodation cavity 111 and the second vent hole 152 are connected, realizing the connection between the first air inlet 112 and the first air outlet 113, thereby realizing the opening of the circuit valve air path.
  • the projected surface of the first sealing member 122 can cover the projected surface of the first vent hole 142 , so that the first sealing member 122 can block the first vent hole 142 .
  • the valve core assembly 12 also includes a moving valve core 124 and a moving coil winding 125.
  • the moving coil winding 125 is wound around the outer ring of the moving valve core 124; the first magnetic yoke 14 attracts
  • the moving valve core 124 drives the moving coil winding 125 to move in a direction close to the first coil winding 16, so that the magnetic field generated by the moving coil winding 125 interacts with the magnetic field generated by the first coil winding 16 to detect the third
  • the signal change of the first coil winding 16 determines whether the solenoid valve 1 is working normally; when the second magnetic yoke 15 attracts the moving valve core 124 to move, the moving valve core 124 drives the moving coil winding 125 to move in the direction close to the second coil winding 17, so that The magnetic field generated by the moving coil winding 125 interacts with the magnetic field generated by the second coil winding 17 to detect the signal change of the second coil winding 17 and determine whether the solenoid
  • the moving valve core 124 and the moving coil winding 125 are arranged in the middle area of the partition 121 and the multi-stable element 13.
  • the first seal 122 is arranged at one end of the moving valve core 124.
  • the material of the moving valve core 124 can be For iron.
  • the moving coil winding 125 is a closed circuit. When the moving coil winding 125 is driven to move, it cuts the magnetic field lines to generate an induced current, and the induced current generates an induced magnetic field.
  • the first coil winding 16 When the first coil winding 16 is energized, the first coil winding 16 generates a magnetic field, causing the first yoke 14 to generate magnetic force, which can attract the moving valve core 124 to move toward it, and the moving valve core 124 drives the moving coil winding 125 toward it.
  • the magnetic field generated by the moving coil winding 125 interacts with the magnetic field generated by the first coil winding 16 and affects the electrical signal of the first coil winding 16 .
  • the detection element 2 is used to detect changes in the electrical signal (such as current, voltage, power, etc.) of the first coil winding 16 to determine whether the first seal 122 moves in a direction close to the first vent hole 142 to determine whether Is solenoid valve 1 working properly? Specifically, as shown in Figure 23, t represents time, I represents an electrical signal, and the curve represents that when the moving coil winding 125 moves, the detection element 2 detects changes in the electrical signal of the first coil winding 16.
  • the electrical signal such as current, voltage, power, etc.
  • the second coil winding 17 When the second coil winding 17 is energized, the second coil winding 17 generates a magnetic field, causing the second yoke 15 to generate magnetic force, which can attract the moving valve core 124 to move toward it, and the moving valve core 124 drives the moving coil winding 125 toward it.
  • the magnetic field generated by the moving coil winding 125 interacts with the magnetic field generated by the second coil winding 17 and affects the electrical signal of the second coil winding 17 .
  • the detection element 2 is used to detect changes in the electrical signal (such as current, voltage, power, etc.) of the second coil winding 17 to determine whether the first seal 122 moves in a direction away from the first vent hole 142 to determine whether Is solenoid valve 1 working properly? Specifically, as shown in Figure 25, t represents time, I represents an electrical signal, and the curve indicates that when the moving coil winding 125 moves, the detection element 2 detects the change in the electrical signal of the second coil winding 17.
  • the electrical signal such as current, voltage, power, etc.
  • This embodiment can also adopt another detection method.
  • the second coil winding 17 can generate a magnetic field.
  • the first coil winding 16 can generate a magnetic field.
  • the first coil winding 16 can generate a magnetic field.
  • the detection element 2 is used to detect changes in the electrical signal of the second coil winding 17. Moreover, the magnetic field generated when the moving coil winding 125 moves will also cause the electrical signal of the second coil to change. The detection element 2 is used to detect the change of the electrical signal of the second coil winding 17 to determine whether the first coil winding 16 is working normally, and Determine whether the first seal 122 moves in a direction close to the first vent hole 142 to determine whether the solenoid valve 1 operates normally.
  • t time
  • I an electrical signal
  • the curve represents that when the first coil winding 16 is energized and when the moving coil winding 125 moves, the detection element 2 detects changes in the electrical signal of the second coil winding 17.
  • FIG. 28 When the second coil winding 17 is energized, a magnetic field is generated, causing the first coil winding 16 to also generate a magnetic field.
  • the magnetic field generates an electrical signal.
  • the detection element 2 is used to detect changes in the electrical signal of the first coil winding 16. Moreover, the magnetic field generated when the moving coil winding 125 moves will also cause the electrical signal of the first coil to change.
  • the detection element 2 is used to detect the change of the electrical signal of the first coil winding 16 to determine whether the second coil winding 17 is working normally, and Determine whether the first seal 122 moves in a direction away from the first vent hole 142 to determine whether the solenoid valve 1 operates normally.
  • t time
  • I an electrical signal
  • the curve represents that when the second coil winding 17 is energized and when the moving coil winding 125 moves, the detection element 2 detects changes in the electrical signal of the first coil winding 16.
  • Figures 4 and 5 are schematic structural diagrams of the solenoid valve 1 provided in the second specific embodiment.
  • the solenoid valve 1 in this embodiment is a three-way valve, and the valve body 11 also has a first air inlet 112, a second air inlet 114, and a first air outlet 113.
  • the first yoke 14 also has a first ventilation hole 142 that is connected with the first air inlet 112 .
  • the second yoke 15 also has a second ventilation hole 152 that is connected with the second air inlet.
  • the air ports 114 are connected.
  • the valve core assembly 12 also includes a first seal 122 and a second seal 123.
  • the first seal 122 is disposed near the first vent hole 142, and the second seal 123 is disposed near the second vent hole 152; the first coil winding 16 is energized.
  • the first yoke 14 can attract the partition 121 , and the partition 121 drives the multi-stable element 13 to deform to the first stable position, so that the first seal 122 seals the first vent hole 142 and the second air inlet 114 It is connected with the first air outlet 113;
  • the second coil winding 17 when the second coil winding 17 is energized, the second yoke 15 can attract the partition 121, and the partition 121 drives the multi-stable element 13 to deform to the second stable position, so that the second sealing member 123 seals the second vent hole 152, and the first air inlet 112 is connected with the first air outlet 113.
  • the first air inlet 112 and the second air inlet 114 are arranged oppositely, and the first air outlet 113 is arranged between the first air inlet 112 and the second air inlet 114. side.
  • the second coil winding 17 When the first coil winding 16 is energized, the second coil winding 17 is in a de-energized state. 16 generates a magnetic field, which polarizes the first magnetic yoke 14 and generates magnetic force, so that the first magnetic yoke 14 can attract the partition plate 121 to move in the direction close to the first magnetic yoke 14, and the partition plate 121 drives the first seal 122 to move, so that The first seal 122 moves to a position of blocking the first vent hole 142 to block the first air inlet 112 .
  • the partition 121 drives the multi-stable element 13 to deform to the first stable position, so that the multi-stable element 13 presses the first seal 122 to always block the first air inlet, thereby realizing the second air inlet.
  • 114 is connected with the first air outlet 113.
  • the first coil winding 16 is in a de-energized state.
  • the second coil winding 17 generates a magnetic field, which polarizes the second magnetic yoke 15 and generates magnetic force, allowing the second magnetic yoke 15 to
  • the partition plate 121 is attracted to move in the direction close to the second yoke 15, and the partition plate 121 drives the second sealing member 123 to move, so that the second sealing member 123 moves to a position to block the second vent hole 152, so as to block the second inlet.
  • Air port 114 is energized, the first coil winding 16 is in a de-energized state.
  • the second coil winding 17 generates a magnetic field, which polarizes the second magnetic yoke 15 and generates magnetic force, allowing the second magnetic yoke 15 to
  • the partition plate 121 is attracted to move in the direction close to the second yoke 15, and the partition plate 121 drives the second sealing member 123 to move, so that the second sealing member 123 moves to
  • the partition 121 drives the multi-stable element 13 to deform to the second stable position, so that the multi-stable element 13 presses the second seal 123 to always block the second air inlet, thereby realizing the first air inlet.
  • 112 is connected with the first air outlet 113.
  • the method of using the detection element 2 to detect the solenoid valve 1 in this embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment, and will not be described again here.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7, are schematic structural diagrams of the solenoid valve 1 provided in the third specific embodiment.
  • the valve body 11 includes a first air inlet 112 , a first air outlet 113 and a second air outlet 115 .
  • the valve core assembly 12 includes a first seal 122 connected to the multi-stable element 13 .
  • the magnetic yoke can attract the partition 121, and the partition 121 drives the multi-stable element 13 to move and deform, so that the partition 121 contacts the magnetic yoke, and the first air inlet 112, the first air outlet 113 and the second The air outlets 115 are connected.
  • the multi-stable element 13 When the coil winding is powered off, the multi-stable element 13 deforms and rebounds to the second stable point, and drives the first seal 122 to seal the first air inlet 112 .
  • the buckling deformation distance of the multi-stable element 13 is less than Y4.
  • the first air inlet 112 passes through the side wall of the valve body 11 along the height direction Z of the solenoid valve 1, and the first air outlet 113 and the second air outlet 115 are respectively provided at both ends of the first air inlet 112. And the two are set relative to each other.
  • the coil winding When the coil winding is energized, the coil winding generates a magnetic field, and the yoke is magnetized to generate magnetic force, causing the yoke to attract the partition 121 to move in a direction closer to the yoke, and the partition 121 drives the first seal 122 away from the first inlet.
  • the air port 112 and the partition plate 121 move to contact the magnetic yoke, so that the first air inlet 112 is connected with the first air outlet 113 and the second air outlet 115, so that the solenoid valve 1 is opened.
  • the partition 121 drives the multi-stable element 13 to deform, and at this time, the deformation distance of the multi-stable element 13 is less than the distance of the multi-stable element 13 deforming to the second stable point.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are schematic structural diagrams of the solenoid valve 1 provided in the fourth specific embodiment.
  • the valve body 11 includes a first air inlet 112 and a first air outlet 113; the magnetic yoke is provided with a first vent hole 142, and the first vent hole 142 is connected with the first air outlet 113. ;
  • the valve core assembly 12 also includes a first sealing member 122 and a magnetic member 126.
  • the first sealing member 122 is provided at an end of the magnetic member 126 close to the first air inlet 112.
  • the magnetic member 126 can magnetize the partition plate 121.
  • this embodiment is provided with one coil winding and one magnetic yoke, without providing the moving coil winding 125, and the moving valve core 124 is replaced with a magnetic component 126, which is a permanent magnet.
  • the coil winding When the coil winding is energized, the coil winding generates a magnetic field.
  • the magnetic field generated by the coil winding is opposite to the magnetic field of the magnetic component 126.
  • the repelling partition 121 and the magnetic component 126 move in a direction away from the magnetic yoke.
  • the multi-stable element 13 The rebound force and the repulsive force generated by the coil winding press the first seal 122 on the valve body 11 through the partition 121 and block the first air inlet 112, thereby disconnecting the air path of the solenoid valve 1.
  • the first air inlet 112 and the first air outlet 113 are arranged oppositely.
  • this embodiment is provided with one coil winding and one magnetic yoke, without providing the moving coil winding 125, and the moving valve core 124 is replaced with a magnetic component 126, which is a permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic component 126 magnetizes the partition 121, and the yoke attracts the partition 121 to move in the direction close to the yoke, and finally causes the partition 121 to be adsorbed on the yoke, and the partition 121 drives The first sealing member 122 blocks the first vent hole 142 to block the first air outlet 113 so that the air path of the solenoid valve 1 remains disconnected.
  • the partition 121 drives the multi-stable element 13 to deform to the second stable position, and the multi-stable element 13 is in a tensile state.
  • the valve core assembly 12 includes a partition 121 and the first seal 122, the partition 121 is connected to the first seal 122; the elastic member 18 is provided between the partition 121 and the inner bottom wall of the valve body 11; the valve body 11 has a first air inlet 112 and a first The air outlet 113 and the first sealing member 122 are disposed close to the first air inlet 112 .
  • the first coil winding 16 is powered off, under the elastic force of the elastic member 18 , the first sealing member 122 is pressed through the partition 121 to seal the first air inlet 112 to block the air path.
  • the first yoke 14 attracts the partition 121, and the partition 121 overcomes the elastic force of the elastic member 18 and drives the first seal 122 to move in a direction away from the first air inlet 112. 112 is connected with the first air outlet 113 to open the air path.
  • the first coil winding 16 When the first coil winding 16 is energized, a magnetic field is generated, and the first yoke 14 is magnetized to generate a magnetic force.
  • the first yoke 14 attracts the separator 121 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 18 and move toward the first yoke 14 .
  • 121 drives the first seal 122 away from the first air inlet 112 to connect the first air inlet 112 with the first air outlet 113, thereby opening the air path of the solenoid valve 1.
  • FIG 31 is a schematic structural diagram of the solenoid valve 1 provided in the seventh specific embodiment.
  • This embodiment is a normally open solenoid valve 1.
  • This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the moving first coil winding 16 is removed, the multi-stable element 13 is replaced by an elastic member 18, and a set of first coil windings 16 and a first yoke 14 are provided.
  • the valve core assembly 12 includes a partition 121 and a first seal 122.
  • the partition 121 is connected to the first seal 122; the multi-stable element 13 is provided between the partition 121 and the inner bottom wall of the valve body 11; the valve body 11 It has a first air inlet 112 and a first air outlet 113, and a first seal 122 is provided close to the first air outlet 113; the first yoke 14 is provided with a first vent hole 142, and the first vent hole 142 and the first air outlet 113 connected.
  • the partition plate 121 is pressed under the elastic force of the multi-stable element 13, so that the first seal 122 is away from the first vent hole 142, and the first air inlet 112 is connected to the first vent hole 142 through the first vent hole 142.
  • the first air outlet 113 is connected to open the air path.
  • the first coil winding 16 When the first coil winding 16 is energized, the first yoke 14 attracts the partition 121 , and the partition 121 overcomes the elastic force of the multi-stable element 13 and drives the first seal 122 to seal the first vent hole 142 to block the gas path.
  • the first air inlet 112 and the first air outlet 113 are arranged oppositely.
  • the elastic member 18 can be used as a spring. One end of the spring is connected to the partition plate 121, and the other end is connected to the inner bottom wall of the valve body 11. The spring is installed in the accommodation cavity 111 in a pre-compressed state.
  • the elastic member 18 can press the partition plate 121 through its elastic force, so that the partition plate 121 is in contact with the valve body 11 , and at this time, the first sealing member 122 is away from the first vent hole 142 to realize the electromagnetic Valve 1 air path remains open.
  • the first coil winding 16 When the first coil winding 16 is energized, a magnetic field is generated, and the first yoke 14 is magnetized to generate a magnetic force.
  • the first yoke 14 attracts the separator 121 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 18 and move toward the first yoke 14 .
  • 121 drives the first sealing member 122 to block the first vent hole 142, thereby disconnecting the air path of the solenoid valve 1.
  • first sealing member 122 and the second sealing member 123 may be rubber plugs.

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Abstract

本申请涉及阀门领域，尤其涉及一种电磁阀及设备。电磁阀包括：阀体，阀体具有容纳腔；磁轭，磁轭设置于容纳腔，磁轭具有安装槽；线圈绕组，线圈绕组设置于安装槽；阀芯组件，阀芯组件设置于容纳腔，阀芯组件包括动线圈绕组；多稳态元件，多稳态元件的外周端与阀体连接，多稳态元件的内周端与阀芯组件连接，多稳态元件至少设置有一个稳态位点，以定位阀芯组件；线圈绕组通电时，磁轭能够吸引阀芯组件，阀芯组件带动多稳态元件变形至稳态位点，以使阀芯组件封堵或打开电磁阀的气路；阀芯组件运动时，动线圈绕组能够产生磁场，动线圈产生的磁场与线圈绕组产生的磁场能够相互作用，以检测线圈绕组的信号变化。

Description

一种电磁阀及设备
本申请要求于2022年06月20日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210700230.3、发明名称为“一种电磁阀及设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及技术领域，尤其涉及一种电磁阀及设备。
背景技术
血压状况与人体健康密切相关，是评估多种疾病的关键指标。随着生活水平的提高，人们要求能够随时随地使用穿戴式血压计或血压表进行动态测量血压。穿戴式血压表的气泵出现故障不能泄气时，要求气囊可以通过气阀进行泄气，但现有的气阀不能够快速响应，且在气囊充气的过程中需要始终通电，能耗高。
申请内容
本申请提供了一种电磁阀及设备，旨在实现快速切换电磁阀为常开或常闭状态，缩短电磁阀通电时间，减少耗能。
本申请第一方面提供了一种电磁阀，所述电磁阀包括：
阀体，所述阀体具有容纳腔；
磁轭，所述磁轭设置于所述容纳腔，所述磁轭具有安装槽；
线圈绕组，所述线圈绕组设置于所述安装槽；
阀芯组件，所述阀芯组件设置于所述容纳腔，并能够相对所述阀体运动，所述阀芯组件包括动线圈绕组；
多稳态元件，所述多稳态元件的外周端与所述阀体连接，所述多稳态元件的内周端与所述阀芯组件连接，所述多稳态元件至少设置有一个稳态位点，以定位所述阀芯组件；
其中，所述线圈绕组通电时，所述磁轭能够驱动所述阀芯组件运动，所述阀芯组件带动所述多稳态元件变形至稳态位点，以使所述阀芯组件封堵或打开所述电磁阀的气路；
所述阀芯组件运动时，所述动线圈绕组能够产生磁场，所述动线圈产生的磁场与所述线圈绕组产生的磁场能够相互作用，以检测所述线圈绕组的信号变化。
本申请中，线圈绕组通电时，产生磁场，磁场极化磁轭，使磁轭产生磁力，以使磁轭能够吸引或排斥阀芯组件运动，进而使阀芯组件带动多稳态元件运动。多稳态元件的外周端与阀体固定连接，因而在多稳态元件被阀芯组件带动运动时，其外周端受阀体约束，实现屈曲变形，以到达稳态位点。多稳态元件达到稳态位点后能够定位阀芯组件的位置，即限制阀芯组件的运动，使阀芯组件保持在封堵电磁阀气路的状态，或使阀芯组件保持在打开电磁阀气路的状态。该实施例通过电磁控制阀芯组件运动以打开或封堵气路，实现电磁阀快速响应，以便及时泄气。通过设置多稳态元件限制阀芯运动后的位置，使线圈绕组只 需工作(通电)短暂时间，即可改变气路通断状态，减少耗能。
线圈绕组通电后产生磁场，使磁轭产生磁力带动阀芯组件运动，阀芯组件带动动线圈绕组运动，以使动线圈绕组产生磁场，动线圈绕组产生的磁场与线圈绕组产生的磁场相互作用，对线圈绕组的信号产生影响，由此通过检测线圈绕组的信号变化，来判断阀芯组件是否正常运动，进而判断电磁阀是否正常工作。
在一种可能的设计中，所述多稳态元件安装于所述阀体前，所述多稳态元件向上屈曲变形距离为Y1，所述多稳态元件向下屈曲变形距离为Y2；
所述多稳态元件安装于所述阀体后，所述多稳态元件向上屈曲变形距离为Y3，所述多稳态元件向下屈曲变形距离为Y4；
其中，满足Y3＜Y1，Y4＜Y2，以使所述多稳态元件定位所述阀芯组件。
本申请中，使阀体限制多稳态元件安装于阀体后的屈曲变形量小于多稳态元件未安装于阀体前的屈曲变形量，以使安装后阀体的多稳态元件还能具有变形趋势，限制阀芯组件的运动，将阀芯组件定位在封堵气路的状态或定位在打开气路的状态。
在一种可能的设计中，所述多稳态元件沿其周向分割为多部分，每部分所述多稳态元件之间具有间隔；
所述阀芯组件包括隔板，所述隔板位于所述间隔，相邻所述隔板与所述多稳态元件之间具有间隙；
所述线圈绕组通电时，所述磁轭能够吸引所述隔板运动。
本申请中，线圈绕组通电后，产生磁场，磁场吸引隔板，隔板需尽可能靠近线圈绕组设置，因此，将多稳态元件分割设置为多部分，将隔板设置在各部分多稳态元件的间隔内，使多稳态元件不会阻挡在隔板与线圈绕组之间，以使隔板能够更靠近线圈绕组，进而保证隔板能够被吸引运动。
在一种可能的设计中，所述磁轭包括第一磁轭和第二磁轭，沿所述电磁阀的高度方向，所述第一磁轭设置于所述阀芯组件的一侧，所述第二磁轭设置于所述阀芯组件的另一侧；
所述第一磁轭具有第一安装槽，所述第二磁轭具有第二安装槽；
所述线圈绕组包括第一线圈绕组和第二线圈绕组，所述第一线圈绕组设置于所述第一安装槽，所述第二线圈绕组设置于所述第二安装槽；
所述第一线圈绕组通电时，所述第一磁轭能够吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件变形至第一稳态位点；
所述第二线圈绕组通电时，所述第二磁轭能够吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件变形至第二稳态位点。
在一种可能的设计中，所述阀体还具有第一进气口和第一出气口；
所述第一磁轭还具有第一通气孔，所述第一通气孔与所述第一进气口相连通，所述第二磁轭还具有第二通气孔，所述第二通气孔与所述第一出气口相连通；
所述阀芯组件包括第一密封件，所述第一密封件靠近所述第一通气孔设置；
所述第一线圈绕组通电时，所述第一磁轭能够吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件变形至第一稳态位点，使所述第一密封件密封所述第一通气孔，以封堵所述气路；
所述第二线圈绕组通电时，所述第二磁轭能够吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件变形至第二稳态位点，使所述第一密封件远离所述第一通气孔，所述隔板与所述第 二磁轭抵接，所述第一进气口与所述第一出气口连通，以打开所述气路。
本申请中，第一通气孔、第二通气孔与容纳腔相连通，沿电磁阀的高度方向，第一进气口与第一出气口相对设置。
第一线圈绕组通电时，第二线圈绕组处于断电状态，第一线圈绕组产生磁场，磁场极化第一磁轭，产生磁力，使第一磁轭能够吸引隔板朝靠近第一磁轭的方向运动，隔板带动第一密封件运动，使第一密封件运动至封堵第一通气孔的位置。同时，隔板带动多稳态元件变形至第一稳态位点，使多稳态元件压置第一密封件始终保持封堵第一通气孔的状态，实现电磁阀气路断开。
第二线圈绕组通电时，第一线圈绕组处于断电状态，第二线圈绕组产生磁场，磁场极化第二磁轭，产生磁力，使第二磁轭能够吸引隔板朝靠近第二磁轭的方向运动，隔板带动第一密封件远离第一通气孔，隔板运动至与第二磁轭抵接时，隔板带动多稳态元件变形至第二稳态位点，使多稳态元件压置隔板保持与第二磁轭抵接状态，进而使第一密封件保持远离第一通气孔的状态，第一通气孔、容纳腔与第二通气孔相连通，实现了第一进气口与第一出气口相连通，从而实现电路阀气路打开。
其中，沿电磁阀的高度方向，第一密封件的投影面能够覆盖所述第一通气孔的投影面，以使第一密封件能够封堵第一通气孔。
在一种可能的设计中，所述阀体还具有第一进气口、第二进气口和第一出气口；
所述第一磁轭还具有第一通气孔，所述第一通气孔与所述第一进气口相连通，所述第二磁轭还具有第二通气孔，所述第二通气孔与所述第二进气口相连通；
所述阀芯组件还包括第一密封件和第二密封件，所述第一密封件靠近所述第一通气孔设置，所述第二密封件靠近所述第二通气孔设置；
所述第一线圈绕组通电时，所述第一磁轭能够吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件变形至第一稳态位点，使所述第一密封件密封所述第一通气孔，所述第二进气口与所述第一出气口连通；
所述第二线圈绕组通电时，所述第二磁轭能够吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件变形至第二稳态位点，使所述第二密封件密封所述第二通气孔，所述第一进气口与所述第一出气口连通。
本申请中，沿电磁阀的高度方向，第一进气口与第二进气口相对设置，第一出气口设置于第一进气口与第二进气口的一侧。
第一线圈绕组通电时，第二线圈绕组处于断电状态，第一线圈绕组产生磁场，磁场极化第一磁轭，产生磁力，使第一磁轭能够吸引隔板朝靠近第一磁轭的方向运动，隔板带动第一密封件运动，使第一密封件运动至封堵第一通气孔的位置，以封堵第一进气口。同时，隔板带动多稳态元件变形至第一稳态位点，使多稳态元件压置第一密封件始终保持封堵第一进气的状态，实现第二进气口与第一出气口连通。
第二线圈绕组通电时，第一线圈绕组处于断电状态，第二线圈绕组产生磁场，磁场极化第二磁轭，产生磁力，使第二磁轭能够吸引隔板朝靠近第二磁轭的方向运动，隔板带动第二密封件运动，使第二密封件运动至封堵第二通气孔的位置，以封堵第二进气口。同时，隔板带动多稳态元件变形至第二稳态位点，使多稳态元件压置第二密封件始终保持封堵第二进气的状态，实现第一进气口与第一出气口连通。
在一种可能的设计中，所述阀芯组件还包括动阀芯，所述动线圈绕组绕设于所述动阀芯的外圈；
所述第一磁轭吸引所述动阀芯运动时，所述动阀芯带动所述动线圈绕组朝靠近所述第一线圈绕组的方向运动，使所述动线圈绕组产生的磁场与所述第一线圈绕组产生的磁场相互作用，以检测所述第一线圈绕组的信号变化，判断所述电磁阀是否正常工作；
所述第二磁轭吸引所述动阀芯运动时，所述动阀芯带动所述动线圈绕组朝靠近所述第二线圈绕组的方向运动，使所述动线圈绕组产生的磁场与所述第二线圈绕组产生的磁场相互作用，以检测所述第二线圈绕组的信号变化，判断所述电磁阀是否正常工作。
本申请中，动阀芯与动线圈绕组设置在隔板、多稳态元件的中部区域，第一密封件设置在动阀芯的一端，动阀芯的材质可以为铁。
动线圈绕组为闭合电路，动线圈绕组被带动运动时，做切割磁感线运动产生感应电流，感应电流产生感应磁场。
第一线圈绕组通电时，第一线圈绕组产生磁场，使第一磁轭产生磁力，能够吸引动阀芯朝其运动，动阀芯带动动线圈绕组朝靠近第一线圈绕组的方向运动，动线圈绕组在运动过程中产生的磁场与第一线圈绕组产生的磁场相互作用，影响第一线圈绕组的电信号。由此，采用检测元件来检测第一线圈绕组的电信号(例如电流、电压、功率等)的变化，来判断第一密封件是否朝靠近第一通气孔的方向运动，以判断电磁阀是否正常工作。
第二线圈绕组通电时，第二线圈绕组产生磁场，使第二磁轭产生磁力，能够吸引动阀芯朝其运动，动阀芯带动动线圈绕组朝靠近第二线圈绕组的方向运动，动线圈绕组在运动过程中产生的磁场与第二线圈绕组产生的磁场相互作用，影响第二线圈绕组的电信号。由此，采用检测元件来检测第二线圈绕组的电信号(例如电流、电压、功率等)的变化，来判断第一密封件是否朝远离第一通气孔的方向运动，以判断电磁阀是否正常工作。
在一种可能的设计中，所述阀芯组件还包括动阀芯，所述动线圈绕组绕设于所述动阀芯的外圈；
所述第一线圈绕组通电时与所述第一磁轭吸引所述动阀芯运动时，所述第二线圈绕组能够产生磁场，以检测所述第二线圈绕组的信号变化，判断所述第一线圈绕组是否正常工作；
所述第二线圈绕组通电时与所述第二磁轭吸引所述动阀芯运动时，所述第一线圈绕组能够产生磁场，以检测所述第一线圈绕组的信号变化，判断所述第二线圈绕组是否正常工作。
本申请中，在第一线圈绕组通电时，产生磁场，导致第二线圈绕组也产生磁场，磁场产生电信号，采用检测元件来检测第二线圈绕组的电信号变化。以及，动线圈绕组运动时产生的磁场也会导致第二线圈的电信号发生变化，采用检测元件来检测第二线圈绕组的电信号变化，判断第一线圈绕组是否正常工作，以及判断第一密封件是否朝靠近第一通气孔的方向运动，以判断电磁阀是否正常工作。
在第二线圈绕组通电时，产生磁场，导致第一线圈绕组也产生磁场，磁场产生电信号，采用检测元件来检测第一线圈绕组的电信号变化。以及，动线圈绕组运动时产生的磁场也会导致第一线圈的电信号发生变化，采用检测元件来检测第一线圈绕组的电信号变化，判断第二线圈绕组是否正常工作，以及判断第一密封件是否朝远离第一通气孔的方向运动， 以判断电磁阀是否正常工作。
在一种可能的设计中，所述安装槽为环形槽，所述环形槽设有内壁和外壁；
所述内壁靠近所述隔板一端的端面设有齿槽。
本申请中，该端面上的齿槽能够流通气流，并增大与隔板的相对面积。
在一种可能的设计中，所述安装槽为环形槽，所述环形槽设有内壁和外壁；
所述外壁靠近所述隔板一端的端面设有齿槽。
本申请中，该端面上的齿槽能够流通气流，并增大与隔板的相对面积。
在一种可能的设计中，所述安装槽为环形槽，所述环形槽设有内壁和外壁；
所述内壁与所述外壁靠近所述隔板一端的端面设有齿槽。
本申请中，该端面上的齿槽能够流通气流，并增大与隔板的相对面积。
在一种可能的设计中，所述阀体包括第一进气口、第一出气口和第二出气口；
所述阀芯组件包括第一密封件，所述第一密封件与所述多稳态元件连接；
所述线圈绕组通电时，所述磁轭能够吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件运动变形，使所述隔板与所述磁轭抵接，所述第一进气口、所述第一出气口和所述第二出气口相连通；
所述线圈绕组断电时，所述多稳态元件变形回弹至第二稳态点位，并带动所述第一密封件密封所述第一进气口；
其中，所述线圈绕组通电时，所述多稳态元件屈曲变形距离小于Y4。
本申请中，第一进气口沿电磁阀的高度方向贯通阀体侧壁，第一出气口与第二出气口分别设置于第一进气口的两端，且二者相对设置。
相比于第一种实施例，该实施例中设置一个线圈绕组，一个磁轭，未设置动线圈绕组。
线圈绕组未通电时，多稳态元件处于第二稳态点位，且多稳态元件压置第一密封件密封第一进气口，实现电磁阀气路断开。
线圈绕组通电时，线圈绕组产生磁场，磁轭被磁化产生磁力，使磁轭吸引隔板朝靠近磁轭的方向运动，隔板带动第一密封件远离第一进气口，隔板运动至与磁轭抵接，使第一进气口与第一出气口和第二出气口相连通，实现电磁阀打开。同时，隔板带动多稳态元件变形，且此时多稳态元件变形距离小于多稳态元件变形至第二稳态点位的距离。
线圈绕组断电时，磁场消失，由于线圈绕组通电时，多稳态元件变形距离小于多稳态元件变形至第二稳态点位的距离，此时，多稳态元件会向第二稳态位点变形回弹，直至第一密封件顶置阀体，封堵第一进气口，实现电磁阀断开。
在一种可能的设计中，所述阀体包括第一进气口和第一出气口；
所述磁轭设有第一通气孔，所述第一通气孔与所述第一出气口连通；
所述阀芯组件还包括第一密封件和磁性件，所述第一密封件设置于所述磁性件靠近所述第一进气口的一端，所述磁性件能够磁化所述隔板；
所述线圈绕组断电时，所述磁轭吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件运动变形至第一稳态点位，使所述隔板与所述磁轭抵接，所述第一进气口通过所述第一通气孔与所述第一出气口连通，以打开所述气路；
所述线圈绕组通电时，在磁场作用下，所述磁轭排斥所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述第一密封件密封所述第一进气口，以封堵所述气路。
本申请中，沿电磁阀的高度方向，第一进气口与第一出气口相对设置。
相比于第一种实施例，该实施例中设置一个线圈绕组，一个磁轭，未设置动线圈绕组，并将动阀芯换为磁性件，该磁性件为永磁铁。
线圈绕组断电时，磁性件磁化隔板，磁轭吸引隔板朝靠近磁轭的方向运动，并使隔板最终至吸附在磁轭上，隔板带动第一密封件远离第一进气口，第一进气口与第一出气口连通，实现电磁阀气路打开。同时，隔板带动多稳态元件变形至第一稳态位点，该多稳态元件处于拉伸状态。
线圈绕组通电时，线圈绕组产生磁场，线圈绕组产生的磁场与磁性件的磁场相反，排斥隔板与磁性件朝远离磁轭的方向运动，多稳态元件的回弹力与线圈绕组产生的排斥力通过隔板将第一密封件压置在阀体上并封堵第一进气口，实现电磁阀气路断开。
在一种可能的设计中，所述阀体包括第一进气口和第一出气口；
所述磁轭设有第一通气孔，所述第一通气孔与所述第一出气口连通；
所述阀芯组件还包括第一密封件和磁性件，所述第一密封件设置于所述磁性件靠近所述第一出气口的一端，所述磁性件能够磁化所述隔板；
所述线圈绕组断电时，所述磁轭吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述密封件密封所述第一通气孔，所述多稳态元件运动变形至第二稳态点位，以封堵所述气路；
所述线圈绕组通电时，在磁场作用下，所述磁轭排斥所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件变形，使所述第一密封件远离所述第一通气孔，所述第一进气口通过所述第一通气孔与所述第一出气口连通，以打开所述气路。
本申请中，沿电磁阀的高度方向，第一进气口与第一出气口相对设置。
相比于第一种实施例，该实施例中设置一个线圈绕组，一个磁轭，未设置动线圈绕组，并将动阀芯换为磁性件，该磁性件为永磁铁。
线圈绕组断电时，磁性件磁化隔板，磁轭吸引隔板朝靠近磁轭的方向运动，并使隔板最终至吸附在磁轭上，隔板带动第一密封件封堵第一通气孔，以封堵第一出气口，实现电磁阀气路断开。同时，隔板带动多稳态元件变形至第二稳态位点，该多稳态元件处于拉伸状态。
线圈绕组通电时，线圈绕组产生磁场，线圈绕组产生的磁场与磁性件的磁场相反，排斥隔板与磁性件朝远离磁轭的方向运动，多稳态元件的回弹力与线圈绕组产生的排斥力通过隔板带动第一密封件朝远离第一通气孔的方向运动，使第一进气口与第一出气口通过第一通气孔连通，实现电磁阀气路打开。
在一种可能的设计中，沿所述电磁阀的高度方向，所述第一进气口的横截面积大于所述磁性件的横截面积。
本申请中，磁性件运动至靠近第一进气口时，不会封堵第一进气口，保证第一进气口与第一出气口的连通。
本申请第二方面提供了一种电磁阀，所述电磁阀包括：
阀体，所述阀体具有容纳腔；
第一磁轭，所述第一磁轭设置于所述容纳腔，所述第一磁轭具有第一安装槽；
第一线圈绕组，所述第一线圈绕组设置于所述第一安装槽；
阀芯组件，所述阀芯组件设置于所述容纳腔，并能够相对所述阀体运动；
弹性件，所述弹性件设置于所述容纳腔，所述弹性件的两端分别与所述阀芯组件和所述阀体的内壁连接；
其中，在所述弹性件的弹力作用下，所述弹性件能够压置所述阀芯组件，使所述阀芯组件封堵或打开所述电磁阀的气路；
所述第一线圈绕组通电时，所述第一磁轭能够驱动所述阀芯组件运动，使所述阀芯组件能够克服所述弹性件的弹力打开或封堵所述电磁阀的气路。
本申请中，通过设置弹性件压置阀芯组件，使阀芯组件可以保持在封堵或打开气路的状态，改变气路通断状态，只需第一线圈绕组工作短暂时间，耗能少。
在一种可能的设计中，所述阀芯组件包括隔板和第一密封件，所述隔板与所述第一密封件连接；
所述阀体具有第一进气口和第一出气口，所述第一密封件靠近所述第一进气口设置；
所述第一线圈绕组断电时，在所述弹性件的弹力作用下，通过所述隔板压置所述第一密封件密封所述第一进气口，以封堵所述气路；
所述第一线圈绕组通电时，所述第一磁轭吸引所述隔板，所述隔板克服所述弹性件的弹力带动所述第一密封件朝远离所述第一进气口的方向运动，所述第一进气口与所述第一出气口连通，以打开所述气路。
本申请中，第一进气口沿电磁阀的高度方向贯通阀体侧壁，沿电磁阀的长度方向，第一出气口设置于第一进气的一侧。弹性件可以采用为弹簧。弹簧的一端与隔板连接，另一端与阀体内底壁连接，弹簧安装于容纳腔处于预压缩状态。
第一线圈绕组断电时，弹性件能够通过其弹力压置隔板，隔板与阀体的内侧壁抵接，使隔板压置第一密封件封堵第一进气口，实现电磁阀气路保持断开状态。
第一线圈绕组通电时，产生磁场，第一磁轭被磁化，产生磁力，第一磁轭吸引隔板克服弹性件的弹力朝靠近第一磁轭的方向运动，隔板带动第一密封件远离第一进气口，使第一进气口与第一出气口连通，实现电磁阀气路打开。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一磁轭设有凹陷部，所述隔板设有与所述凹陷部对应的凸起部，所述凸起部设置于所述凹陷部内；
沿所述电磁阀的高度方向，所述凸起部能够沿所述凹陷部运动。
本申请中，隔板运动过程中，使凸起部能够在凹陷部内运动，通过设置凸起部与凹陷部，增加隔板与第一磁轭的接触面积，进而增强磁吸力。
在一种可能的设计中，所述阀芯组件包括隔板和第一密封件，所述隔板与所述第一密封件连接；
所述阀体具有第一进气口和第一出气口，所述第一密封件靠近所述第一出气口设置；
所述第一磁轭设有第一通气孔，所述第一通气孔与所述第一出气口连通；
所述第一线圈绕组断电时，在所述弹性件的弹力作用下压置所述隔板，使所述第一密封件远离所述第一通气孔，所述第一进气口通过所述第一通气孔与所述第一出气口连通，以打开所述气路；
所述第一线圈绕组通电时，所述第一磁轭吸引所述隔板，所述隔板克服所述弹性件的弹力带动所述第一密封件密封所述第一通气孔，以封堵所述气路。
本申请中，沿电磁阀的高度方向，第一进气口与第一出气口相对设置。弹性件可以采 用为弹簧。弹簧的一端与隔板连接，另一端与阀体内底壁连接，弹簧安装于容纳腔处于预压缩状态。
第一线圈绕组断电时，弹性件能够通过其弹力压置隔板，使隔板与阀体抵接，且此时第一密封件远离第一通气孔，实现电磁阀气路保持打开状态。
第一线圈绕组通电时，产生磁场，第一磁轭被磁化，产生磁力，第一磁轭吸引隔板克服弹性件的弹力朝靠近第一磁轭的方向运动，隔板带动第一密封件封堵第一通气孔，实现电磁阀气路断开。
本申请第三方面提供了一种设备，用于测量血压，所述设备包括：
设备主体；
气囊，安装于所述设备主体，所述气囊用于佩戴在被测部位；
气泵，安装于所述设备主体，所述气泵用于向所述气囊提供流体；
压力传感器，安装于所述设备主体，所述压力传感器用于检测所述气囊的压力；
电磁阀，电磁阀安装于所述设备主体，所述电磁阀为上述所述的电磁阀；
检测元件，所述检测元件用于检测所述电磁阀是否正常工作。
本申请中，气囊可以为佩戴在手腕或上壁等被测部位的袖带。气泵与气囊连通，以使气泵能够向气囊内提供流体，并对气囊进行加压，其中流体为空气。压力传感器用于检测气囊的压力。电磁阀与气囊和气泵相连通，使气泵出现故障不能对气囊进行泄气时，气囊能够通过电磁阀进行泄气，以使设备正常运行。为能够实时反馈电磁阀工作状态，该设备还包括检测元件，检测元件与电磁阀电连接，以检测电磁阀是否正常工作，以便定位设备故障位置。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性的，并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
图1为本申请第一种实施例所提供电磁阀关闭状态的示意图；
图2为图1中阀芯组件的结构示意图；
图3为本申请第一种实施例所提供电磁阀打开状态的示意图；
图4为本申请第二种实施例所提供电磁阀第二进气口与第一出气口连通的示意图；
图5为本申请第二种实施例所提供电磁阀第一进气口与第一出气口连通的示意图；
图6为本申请第三种实施例所提供电磁阀关闭状态的示意图；
图7为本申请第三种实施例所提供电磁阀打开状态的示意图；
图8为本申请第四种实施例所提供电磁阀打开状态的示意图；
图9为本申请第四种实施例所提供电磁阀关闭状态的示意图；
图10为本申请第五种实施例所提供电磁阀关闭状态的示意图；
图11为本申请第五种实施例所提供电磁阀打开状态的示意图；
图12为本申请所提供多稳态元件与隔板连接的示意图；
图13为本申请所提供多稳态元件与隔板连接的示意图；
图14为本申请所提供第一磁轭/第二磁轭的结构示意图；
图15为本申请所提供第一磁轭/第二磁轭的结构示意图；
图16为本申请所提供第一磁轭/第二磁轭的结构示意图；
图17为本申请所提供多稳态元件未被加工前的状态示意图；
图18与图19为本申请所提供多稳态元件未被安装阀体的状态示意图；
图20与图21为本申请所提供多稳态元件被安装阀体的状态示意图；
图22与图23为本申请第一种检测方法所提供检测元件检测第一线圈绕组的示意图；
图24与图25为本申请第一种检测方法所提供检测元件检测第二线圈绕组的示意图；
图26与图27为本申请第二种检测方法所提供检测元件检测第二线圈绕组的示意图；
图28与图29为本申请第二种检测方法所提供检测元件检测第一线圈绕组的示意图；
图30为本申请第六种实施例所提供电磁阀的示意图；
图31为本申请第七种实施例所提供电磁阀的示意图。
附图标记：
1-电磁阀、11-阀体、111-容纳腔、112-第一进气口、113-第一出气口、114-第二进
气口、115-第二出气口、12-阀芯组件、121-隔板、121a-凸起部、122-第一密封件、123-第二密封件、124-动阀芯、125-动线圈绕组、126-磁性件、13-多稳态元件、14-第一磁轭、141-第一安装槽、141a-内壁、141b-外壁、142-第一通气孔、143-齿槽、144-凹陷部、15-第二磁轭、151-第二安装槽、152-第二通气孔、16-第一线圈绕组、17-第二线圈绕组、18-弹性件；
2-检测元件；
3-电源；
Z-高度方向、Y-长度方向。
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本申请的技术方案，下面结合附图对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
在本申请实施例中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请。在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
需要注意的是，本申请实施例所描述的“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等方位词是以附图所示的角度来进行描述的，不应理解为对本申请实施例的限定。此外，在上下文中，还需要理解的是，当提到一个元件连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”时，其不仅能够直接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”，也可以通过中间元件间接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”。
本实施例提供了一种设备，用于测量血压，该设备可以为血压计。该设备至少包括电源3、设备主体、气囊、气泵、压力传感器和电磁阀1。气囊安装于设备主体，可以为佩戴在手腕或上壁等被测部位的袖带。气泵安装于设备主体，气泵与气囊连通，以使气泵能够向气囊内提供流体，并对气囊进行加压，其中流体为空气。压力传感器安装于设备主体，压力传感器用于检测气囊的压力。电磁阀安装于设备主体，并与气囊和气泵相连通，使气泵出现故障不能对气囊进行泄气时，气囊能够通过电磁阀1进行泄气，以使设备正常运行。电源3安装于设备主体，用于为气泵、压力传感器及电磁阀1提供电能。
为能够实时反馈电磁阀1工作状态，该设备还包括检测元件2，检测元件2与电磁阀1电连接，以检测电磁阀1是否正常工作，以便定位设备故障位置。
下面结合附图就电磁阀1的具体机构做详细说明。
请参考图1至图14，电磁阀1包括阀体11、磁轭、线圈绕组、阀芯组件12和多稳态元件13。阀体11具有容纳腔111，磁轭设置于容纳腔111，磁轭具有安装槽，线圈绕组设置于安装槽。阀芯组件12设置于容纳腔111。多稳态元件13的外周端与阀体11连接，多稳态元件13的内周端与阀芯组件12连接，多稳态元件13至少设置有一个稳态位点，以定位阀芯组件12。其中，线圈绕组通电时，磁轭能够驱动阀芯124组件12运动，阀芯组件12带动多稳态元件13变形至稳态位点，以定位阀芯组件12封堵或打开电磁阀1的气路。
该实施例中，线圈绕组通电时，产生磁场，磁场极化磁轭，使磁轭产生磁力，以使磁轭能够吸引或排斥阀芯组件12运动，进而使阀芯组件12带动多稳态元件13运动。多稳态元件13的外周端与阀体11固定连接，因而在多稳态元件13被阀芯组件12带动运动时，其外周端受阀体11约束，实现屈曲变形，以到达稳态位点。多稳态元件13达到稳态位点后能够定位阀芯组件12的位置，即限制阀芯组件12的运动，使阀芯组件12保持在封堵电磁阀1气路的状态，或使阀芯组件12保持在打开电磁阀1气路的状态。该实施例通过电磁控制阀芯组件12运动以打开或封堵气路，实现电磁阀1快速响应，以便及时泄气。通过设置多稳态元件13限制阀芯运动后的位置，使线圈绕组只需工作(通电)短暂时间，即可改变气路通断状态，减少耗能。
需要说明的是，磁轭通常指本身不生产磁场(磁力线)、在磁路中只起磁力线传输的软磁材料、磁轭普遍采用导磁率比较高的软铁、A3钢以及软磁合金来制造。
多稳态元件13具有一定弹性，可以反复屈曲变形，多稳态元件13可以为塑料或金属材质。
多稳态元件13沿其周向分割为多部分，每部分多稳态元件13之间具有间隔；阀芯组件12包括隔板121，隔板121位于间隔，相邻隔板121与多稳态元件13之间具有间隙；线圈绕组通电时，磁轭能够吸引隔板121运动。
该实施例中，线圈绕组通电后，产生磁场，磁场吸引隔板121，隔板121需尽可能靠近线圈绕组设置，因此，将多稳态元件13分割设置为多部分，将隔板121设置在各部分多稳态元件13的间隔内，使多稳态元件13不会阻挡在隔板121与线圈绕组之间，以使隔板121能够更靠近线圈绕组，进而保证隔板121能够被吸引运动。
请参考图12和图13，多稳态元件13的形状可以是多根直线状弹性带，或者多根之字形弹性带。其中，之字形弹性带类似于平面弹簧，其弹性性能更佳。
磁轭与隔板121之间的磁吸力与两者之间的间隙密切相关，间隙越小，则磁吸力越大。 但磁轭与隔板121之间的间隙小会阻碍气流流动，导致泄气面。为此，在磁轭上设置齿槽143，通过设置齿槽143，可以增大磁轭与隔板121的相对面积，以提高磁吸力，同时增大气流量。
具体地，请参考图14，安装线圈绕组的安装槽为环形槽，环形槽设有内壁141a和外壁141b。齿槽143可以设置在内壁141a靠近隔板121一端的端面，使该端面上的齿槽143能够流通气流，并增大与隔板121的相对面积。
或者，请参考图15，安装线圈绕组的安装槽为环形槽，环形槽设有内壁141a和外壁141b，齿槽143可以设置在外壁141b靠近隔板121一端的端面，使该端面上的齿槽143能够流通气流，并增大与隔板121的相对面积。
或者，请参考图16，安装线圈绕组的安装槽为环形槽，环形槽设有内壁141a和外壁141b，齿槽143可以同时设置在内壁141a与外壁141b靠近隔板121一端的端面，使该端面上的齿槽143能够流通气流，并增大与隔板121的相对面积。
请参考图17至图21，双稳态元件需要满足如下要求：
请参考图17，图17为多稳态元件13未被加工前的横向距离为X1。
请参考图18和图19，多稳态元件13安装于阀体11前，多稳态元件13在屈曲变形过程中，双稳态元件的横向距离从X1缩短至X2，多稳态元件13向上屈曲变形距离为Y1，多稳态元件13向下屈曲变形距离为Y2。
请参考图20和图21，多稳态元件13安装于阀体11后，多稳态元件13在屈曲变形过程中，双稳态元件的横向距离从X1缩短至X2，多稳态元件13向上屈曲变形距离为Y3，多稳态元件13向下屈曲变形距离为Y4。
需满足Y3＜Y1，Y4＜Y2，即，使阀体11限制多稳态元件13安装于阀体11后的屈曲变形量小于多稳态元件13未安装于阀体11前的屈曲变形量，以使安装后阀体11的多稳态元件13还能具有变形趋势，限制阀芯组件12的运动，将阀芯组件12定位在封堵气路的状态或定位在打开气路的状态。
请参考图1至图3，图1为第一种具体实施例所提供的电磁阀1在闭合状态的示意图，图2为第一种实施例中阀芯组件12的结构示意图，图3为第一种具体实施例所提供的电磁阀1在打开状态的示意图。该实施例中，磁轭包括第一磁轭14和第二磁轭15，沿电磁阀1的高度方向Z，第一磁轭14设置于阀芯组件12的一侧，第二磁轭15设置于阀芯组件12的另一侧；第一磁轭14具有第一安装槽141，第二磁轭15具有第二安装槽151；线圈绕组包括第一线圈绕组16和第二线圈绕组17，第一线圈绕组16设置于第一安装槽141，第二线圈绕组17设置于第二安装槽151；第一线圈绕组16通电时，第一磁轭14能够吸引隔板121，隔板121带动多稳态元件13变形至第一稳态位点；第二线圈绕组17通电时，第二磁轭15能够吸引隔板121，隔板121带动多稳态元件13变形至第二稳态位点。
阀体11还具有第一进气口112和第一出气口113；第一磁轭14还具有第一通气孔142，第一安装槽141绕设在第一通气孔142外圈，且第一通气孔142的孔口低于第一安装槽141的槽口，第一通气孔142与第一进气口112相连通。第二磁轭15还具有第二通气孔152，第二安装槽151绕设在第二通气孔152的外圈，且第二通气孔152的孔口低于第二安装槽151的槽口，第二通气孔152与第一出气口113相连通。阀芯组件12包括第一密封件122，第一密封件122靠近第一通气孔142设置。
第一线圈绕组16通电时，第一磁轭14能够吸引隔板121，隔板121带动多稳态元件13变形至第一稳态位点，使第一密封件122密封第一通气孔142，以封堵气路；第二线圈绕组17通电时，第二磁轭15能够吸引隔板121，隔板121带动多稳态元件13变形至第二稳态位点，使第一密封件122远离第一通气孔，隔板121与第二磁轭15抵接，第一进气口112与第一出气口113连通，以打开气路。
具体地方案中，第一通气孔142、第二通气孔152与容纳腔111相连通，沿电磁阀1的高度方向Z，第一进气口112与第一出气口113相对设置。
请参考图1，第一线圈绕组16通电时，第二线圈绕组17处于断电状态，第一线圈绕组16产生磁场，磁场极化第一磁轭14，产生磁力，使第一磁轭14能够吸引隔板121朝靠近第一磁轭14的方向运动，隔板121带动第一密封件122运动，使第一密封件122运动至封堵第一通气孔142的位置。同时，隔板121带动多稳态元件13变形至第一稳态位点，使多稳态元件13压置第一密封件122始终保持封堵第一通气孔142的状态，实现电磁阀1气路断开。
请参考图3，第二线圈绕组17通电时，第一线圈绕组16处于断电状态，第二线圈绕组17产生磁场，磁场极化第二磁轭15，产生磁力，使第二磁轭15能够吸引隔板121朝靠近第二磁轭15的方向运动，隔板121带动第一密封件122远离第一通气孔142，隔板121运动至与第二磁轭15抵接时，隔板121带动多稳态元件13变形至第二稳态位点，使多稳态元件13压置隔板121保持与第二磁轭15抵接状态，进而使第一密封件122保持远离第一通气孔142的状态，第一通气孔142、容纳腔111与第二通气孔152相连通，实现了第一进气口112与第一出气口113相连通，从而实现电路阀气路打开。
其中，沿电磁阀1的高度方向Z，第一密封件122的投影面能够覆盖所述第一通气孔142的投影面，以使第一密封件122能够封堵第一通气孔142。
请参考图22至图25，该实施例中，阀芯组件12还包括动阀芯124和动线圈绕组125，动线圈绕组125绕设于动阀芯124的外圈；第一磁轭14吸引动阀芯124运动时，动阀芯124带动动线圈绕组125朝靠近第一线圈绕组16的方向运动，使动线圈绕组125产生的磁场与第一线圈绕组16产生的磁场相互作用，以检测第一线圈绕组16的信号变化，判断电磁阀1是否正常工作；第二磁轭15吸引动阀芯124运动时，动阀芯124带动动线圈绕组125朝靠近第二线圈绕组17的方向运动，使动线圈绕组125产生的磁场与第二线圈绕组17产生的磁场相互作用，以检测第二线圈绕组17的信号变化，判断电磁阀1是否正常工作。
具体地方案中，动阀芯124与动线圈绕组125设置在隔板121、多稳态元件13的中部区域，第一密封件122设置在动阀芯124的一端，动阀芯124的材质可以为铁。
动线圈绕组125为闭合电路，动线圈绕组125被带动运动时，做切割磁感线运动产生感应电流，感应电流产生感应磁场。
请参考图22，第一线圈绕组16通电时，第一线圈绕组16产生磁场，使第一磁轭14产生磁力，能够吸引动阀芯124朝其运动，动阀芯124带动动线圈绕组125朝靠近第一线圈绕组16的方向运动，动线圈绕组125在运动过程中产生的磁场与第一线圈绕组16产生的磁场相互作用，影响第一线圈绕组16的电信号。由此，采用检测元件2来检测第一线圈绕组16的电信号(例如电流、电压、功率等)的变化，来判断第一密封件122是否朝靠近第一通气孔142的方向运动，以判断电磁阀1是否正常工作。具体如图23所示，t表示时间，I表示电信号，曲线表示动线圈绕组125运动时，检测元件2检测到第一线圈绕组16的电信号变化。
请参考图24，第二线圈绕组17通电时，第二线圈绕组17产生磁场，使第二磁轭15产生磁力，能够吸引动阀芯124朝其运动，动阀芯124带动动线圈绕组125朝靠近第二线圈绕组17的方向运动，动线圈绕组125在运动过程中产生的磁场与第二线圈绕组17产生的磁场相互作用，影响第二线圈绕组17的电信号。由此，采用检测元件2来检测第二线圈绕组17的电信号(例如电流、电压、功率等)的变化，来判断第一密封件122是否朝远离第一通气孔142的方向运动，以判断电磁阀1是否正常工作。具体如图25所示，t表示时间，I表示电信号，曲线表示为动线圈绕组125运动时，检测元件2检测到第二线圈绕组17的电信号变化。
请参考图26至图29，该实施例还可以采用另一种检测方法，第一线圈绕组16通电时与第一磁轭14吸引动阀芯124运动时，第二线圈绕组17能够产生磁场，以检测第二线圈绕组17的信号变化，判断第一线圈绕组16是否正常工作；第二线圈绕组17通电时与第二磁轭15吸引动阀芯124运动时，第一线圈绕组16能够产生磁场，以检测第一线圈绕组16的信号变化，判断第二线圈绕组17是否正常工作。
请参考图26，在第一线圈绕组16通电时，产生磁场，导致第二线圈绕组17也产生磁场，磁场产生电信号，采用检测元件2来检测第二线圈绕组17的电信号变化。以及，动线圈绕组125运动时产生的磁场也会导致第二线圈的电信号发生变化，采用检测元件2来检测第二线圈绕组17的电信号变化，判断第一线圈绕组16是否正常工作，以及判断第一密封件122是否朝靠近第一通气孔142的方向运动，以判断电磁阀1是否正常工作。具体如图27所示，t表示时间，I表示电信号，曲线表示第一线圈绕组16通电时与动线圈绕组125运动时，检测元件2检测到第二线圈绕组17的电信号变化。
请参考图28，在第二线圈绕组17通电时，产生磁场，导致第一线圈绕组16也产生磁场，磁场产生电信号，采用检测元件2来检测第一线圈绕组16的电信号变化。以及，动线圈绕组125运动时产生的磁场也会导致第一线圈的电信号发生变化，采用检测元件2来检测第一线圈绕组16的电信号变化，判断第二线圈绕组17是否正常工作，以及判断第一密封件122是否朝远离第一通气孔142的方向运动，以判断电磁阀1是否正常工作。具体如图29所示，t表示时间，I表示电信号，曲线表示第二线圈绕组17通电时与动线圈绕组125运动时，检测元件2检测到第一线圈绕组16的电信号变化。
请参考图4和图5，图4与图5为第二种具体实施例所提供的电磁阀1的结构示意图。与第一种实施例不同的是，该实施例中电磁阀1为三通阀，阀体11还具有第一进气口112、第二进气口114和第一出气口113。第一磁轭14还具有第一通气孔142，第一通气孔142与第一进气口112相连通，第二磁轭15还具有第二通气孔152，第二通气孔152与第二进气口114相连通。阀芯组件12还包括第一密封件122和第二密封件123，第一密封件122靠近第一通气孔142设置，第二密封件123靠近第二通气孔152设置；第一线圈绕组16通电时，第一磁轭14能够吸引隔板121，隔板121带动多稳态元件13变形至第一稳态位点，使第一密封件122密封第一通气孔142，第二进气口114与第一出气口113连通；第二线圈绕组17通电时，第二磁轭15能够吸引隔板121，隔板121带动多稳态元件13变形至第二稳态位点，使第二密封件123密封第二通气孔152，第一进气口112与第一出气口113连通。
具体地方案中，沿电磁阀1的高度方向Z，第一进气口112与第二进气口114相对设置，第一出气口113设置于第一进气口112与第二进气口114的一侧。
请参考图4，第一线圈绕组16通电时，第二线圈绕组17处于断电状态，第一线圈绕组 16产生磁场，磁场极化第一磁轭14，产生磁力，使第一磁轭14能够吸引隔板121朝靠近第一磁轭14的方向运动，隔板121带动第一密封件122运动，使第一密封件122运动至封堵第一通气孔142的位置，以封堵第一进气口112。同时，隔板121带动多稳态元件13变形至第一稳态位点，使多稳态元件13压置第一密封件122始终保持封堵第一进气的状态，实现第二进气口114与第一出气口113连通。
请参考图5，第二线圈绕组17通电时，第一线圈绕组16处于断电状态，第二线圈绕组17产生磁场，磁场极化第二磁轭15，产生磁力，使第二磁轭15能够吸引隔板121朝靠近第二磁轭15的方向运动，隔板121带动第二密封件123运动，使第二密封件123运动至封堵第二通气孔152的位置，以封堵第二进气口114。同时，隔板121带动多稳态元件13变形至第二稳态位点，使多稳态元件13压置第二密封件123始终保持封堵第二进气的状态，实现第一进气口112与第一出气口113连通。
该实施例中采用检测元件2检测电磁阀1的方法与第一种实施例相同，在此不做赘述。
请参考图6和图7，图6与图7为第三种具体实施例所提供的电磁阀1的结构示意图。该实施例中为常闭电磁阀1。阀体11包括第一进气口112、第一出气口113和第二出气口115。阀芯组件12包括第一密封件122，第一密封件122与多稳态元件13连接。线圈绕组通电时，磁轭能够吸引隔板121，隔板121带动多稳态元件13运动变形，使隔板121与磁轭抵接，第一进气口112、第一出气口113和第二出气口115相连通。线圈绕组断电时，多稳态元件13变形回弹至第二稳态点位，并带动第一密封件122密封第一进气口112。其中，线圈绕组通电时，多稳态元件13屈曲变形距离小于Y4。
具体地方案中，第一进气口112沿电磁阀1的高度方向Z贯通阀体11侧壁，第一出气口113与第二出气口115分别设置于第一进气口112的两端，且二者相对设置。
相比于第一种实施例，该实施例中设置一个线圈绕组，一个磁轭，未设置动线圈绕组125。
请参考图6，线圈绕组未通电时，多稳态元件13处于第二稳态点位，且多稳态元件13压置第一密封件122密封第一进气口112，实现电磁阀1气路断开。
请参考图7，线圈绕组通电时，线圈绕组产生磁场，磁轭被磁化产生磁力，使磁轭吸引隔板121朝靠近磁轭的方向运动，隔板121带动第一密封件122远离第一进气口112，隔板121运动至与磁轭抵接，使第一进气口112与第一出气口113和第二出气口115相连通，实现电磁阀1打开。同时，隔板121带动多稳态元件13变形，且此时多稳态元件13变形距离小于多稳态元件13变形至第二稳态点位的距离。
请参考图6，线圈绕组断电时，磁场消失，由于线圈绕组通电时，多稳态元件13变形距离小于多稳态元件13变形至第二稳态点位的距离，此时，多稳态元件13会向第二稳态位点变形回弹，直至第一密封件122顶置阀体11，封堵第一进气口112，实现电磁阀1保持断开状态。
请参考图8和图9，图8与图9为第四种具体实施例所提供的电磁阀1的结构示意图。该实施例中为常开电磁阀1，阀体11包括第一进气口112和第一出气口113；磁轭设有第一通气孔142，第一通气孔142与第一出气口113连通；阀芯组件12还包括第一密封件122和磁性件126，第一密封件122设置于磁性件126靠近第一进气口112的一端，磁性件126能够磁化隔板121。线圈绕组断电时，磁轭吸引隔板121，隔板121带动多稳态元件13运动变形至第 一稳态点位，使隔板121与磁轭抵接，第一进气口112通过第一通气孔142与第一出气口113连通，以打开气路。线圈绕组通电时，在磁场作用下，磁轭排斥隔板121，隔板121带动第一密封件122密封第一进气口112，以封堵气路。
具体地方案中，沿电磁阀1的高度方向Z，第一进气口112与第一出气口113相对设置。
相比于第一种实施例，该实施例中设置一个线圈绕组，一个磁轭，未设置动线圈绕组125，并将动阀芯124换为磁性件126，该磁性件126为永磁铁。
请参考图8，线圈绕组断电时，磁性件126磁化隔板121，磁轭吸引隔板121朝靠近磁轭的方向运动，并使隔板121最终至吸附在磁轭上，隔板121带动第一密封件122远离第一进气口112，第一进气口112与第一出气口113连通，实现电磁阀1气路保持打开状态。同时，隔板121带动多稳态元件13变形至第一稳态位点，该多稳态元件13处于拉伸状态。
请参考图9，线圈绕组通电时，线圈绕组产生磁场，线圈绕组产生的磁场与磁性件126的磁场相反，排斥隔板121与磁性件126朝远离磁轭的方向运动，多稳态元件13的回弹力与线圈绕组产生的排斥力通过隔板121将第一密封件122压置在阀体11上并封堵第一进气口112，实现电磁阀1气路断开。
请参考图10和图11，图10与图11为第五种具体实施例所提供的电磁阀1的结构示意图。该实施例为常闭电磁阀1。阀体11包括第一进气口112和第一出气口113；磁轭设有第一通气孔142，第一通气孔142与第一出气口113连通；阀芯组件12还包括第一密封件122和磁性件126，第一密封件122设置于磁性件126靠近第一出气口113的一端，磁性件126能够磁化隔板121。线圈绕组断电时，磁轭吸引隔板121，隔板121带动第一密封件122密封第一通气孔142，多稳态元件13运动变形至第二稳态点位，以封堵气路。线圈绕组通电时，在磁场作用下，磁轭排斥隔板121，隔板121带动多稳态元件13变形，使第一密封件122远离第一通气孔142，第一进气口112通过第一通气孔142与第一出气口113连通，以打开气路。
具体地方案中，沿电磁阀1的高度方向Z，第一进气口112与第一出气口113相对设置。
相比于第一种实施例，该实施例中设置一个线圈绕组，一个磁轭，未设置动线圈绕组125，并将动阀芯124换为磁性件126，该磁性件126为永磁铁。
请参考图10，线圈绕组断电时，磁性件126磁化隔板121，磁轭吸引隔板121朝靠近磁轭的方向运动，并使隔板121最终至吸附在磁轭上，隔板121带动第一密封件122封堵第一通气孔142，以封堵第一出气口113，实现电磁阀1气路保持断开状态。同时，隔板121带动多稳态元件13变形至第二稳态位点，该多稳态元件13处于拉伸状态。
请参考图11，线圈绕组通电时，线圈绕组产生磁场，线圈绕组产生的磁场与磁性件126的磁场相反，排斥隔板121与磁性件126朝远离磁轭的方向运动，多稳态元件13的回弹力与线圈绕组产生的排斥力通过隔板121带动第一密封件122朝远离第一通气孔142的方向运动，使第一进气口112与第一出气口113通过第一通气孔142连通，实现电磁阀1气路打开。
其中，沿电磁阀1的高度方向Z，第一进气口112的横截面积大于磁性件126的横截面积，使磁性件126运动至靠近第一进气口112时，不会封堵第一进气口112，保证第一进气口112与第一出气口113的连通。
请参考图30，图30为第六种具体实施例所提供的电磁阀1的结构示意图。该实施例为常闭电磁阀1。该实施例与第一种实施例不同是，去除了动第一线圈绕组16，采用弹性件18替换多稳态元件13，设置一组第一线圈绕组16与第一磁轭14。阀芯组件12包括隔板121 和第一密封件122，隔板121与第一密封件122连接；弹性件18设置于隔板121与阀体11的内底壁之间；阀体11具有第一进气口112和第一出气口113，第一密封件122靠近第一进气口112设置。第一线圈绕组16断电时，在弹性件18的弹力作用下，通过隔板121压置第一密封件122密封第一进气口112，以封堵气路。第一线圈绕组16通电时，第一磁轭14吸引隔板121，隔板121克服弹性件18的弹力带动第一密封件122朝远离第一进气口112的方向运动，第一进气口112与第一出气口113连通，以打开气路。
具体地方案中，第一进气口112沿电磁阀1的高度方向Z贯通阀体11侧壁，沿电磁阀1的长度方向Y，第一出气口113设置于第一进气的一侧。弹性件18可以采用为弹簧。弹簧的一端与隔板121连接，另一端与阀体11内底壁连接，弹簧安装于容纳腔111处于预压缩状态。
第一线圈绕组16断电时，弹性件18能够通过其弹力压置隔板121，隔板121与阀体11的内侧壁抵接，使隔板121压置第一密封件122封堵第一进气口112，实现电磁阀1气路保持断开状态。
第一线圈绕组16通电时，产生磁场，第一磁轭14被磁化，产生磁力，第一磁轭14吸引隔板121克服弹性件18的弹力朝靠近第一磁轭14的方向运动，隔板121带动第一密封件122远离第一进气口112，使第一进气口112与第一出气口113连通，实现电磁阀1气路打开。
其中，第一磁轭14设有凹陷部144，隔板121设有与凹陷部144对应的凸起部121a，凸起部121a的至少部分设置于凹陷部144内；沿电磁阀1的高度方向Z，凸起部121a能够沿凹陷部144运动。隔板121运动过程中，使凸起部121a能够在凹陷部144内运动，通过设置凸起部121a与凹陷部144，增加隔板121与第一磁轭14的接触面积，进而增强磁吸力。
请参考图31，图31为第七种具体实施例所提供的电磁阀1的结构示意图。该实施例为常开电磁阀1。该实施例与第一种实施例不同是，去除了动第一线圈绕组16，采用弹性件18替换多稳态元件13，设置一组第一线圈绕组16与第一磁轭14。阀芯组件12包括隔板121和第一密封件122，隔板121与第一密封件122连接；多稳态元件13设置于隔板121与阀体11的内底壁之间；阀体11具有第一进气口112和第一出气口113，第一密封件122靠近第一出气口113设置；第一磁轭14设有第一通气孔142，第一通气孔142与第一出气口113连通。第一线圈绕组16断电时，在多稳态元件13弹力作用下压置隔板121，使第一密封件122远离第一通气孔142，第一进气口112通过第一通气孔142与第一出气口113连通，以打开气路。第一线圈绕组16通电时，第一磁轭14吸引隔板121，隔板121克服多稳态元件13的弹力带动第一密封件122密封第一通气孔142，以封堵气路。
具体地方案中，沿电磁阀1的高度方向Z，第一进气口112与第一出气口113相对设置。弹性件18可以采用为弹簧。弹簧的一端与隔板121连接，另一端与阀体11内底壁连接，弹簧安装于容纳腔111处于预压缩状态。
第一线圈绕组16断电时，弹性件18能够通过其弹力压置隔板121，使隔板121与阀体11抵接，且此时第一密封件122远离第一通气孔142，实现电磁阀1气路保持打开状态。
第一线圈绕组16通电时，产生磁场，第一磁轭14被磁化，产生磁力，第一磁轭14吸引隔板121克服弹性件18的弹力朝靠近第一磁轭14的方向运动，隔板121带动第一密封件122封堵第一通气孔142，实现电磁阀1气路断开。
在以上各实施例中，第一密封件122与第二密封件123可以采用胶塞。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人 员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电磁阀，其特征在于，所述电磁阀包括：
    阀体，所述阀体具有容纳腔；
    磁轭，所述磁轭设置于所述容纳腔，所述磁轭具有安装槽；
    线圈绕组，所述线圈绕组设置于所述安装槽；
    阀芯组件，所述阀芯组件设置于所述容纳腔，并能够相对所述阀体运动，所述阀芯组件包括动线圈绕组；
    多稳态元件，所述多稳态元件的外周端与所述阀体连接，所述多稳态元件的内周端与所述阀芯组件连接，所述多稳态元件至少设置有一个稳态位点，以定位所述阀芯组件；
    其中，所述线圈绕组通电时，所述磁轭能够驱动所述阀芯组件运动，所述阀芯组件带动所述多稳态元件变形至稳态位点，以使所述阀芯组件封堵或打开所述电磁阀的气路；
    所述阀芯组件运动时，所述动线圈绕组能够产生磁场，所述动线圈产生的磁场与所述线圈绕组产生的磁场能够相互作用，以检测所述线圈绕组的信号变化。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述多稳态元件安装于所述阀体前，所述多稳态元件向上屈曲变形距离为Y1，所述多稳态元件向下屈曲变形距离为Y2；
    所述多稳态元件安装于所述阀体后，所述多稳态元件向上屈曲变形距离为Y3，所述多稳态元件向下屈曲变形距离为Y4；
    其中，满足Y3＜Y1，Y4＜Y2，以使所述多稳态元件定位所述阀芯组件。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述多稳态元件沿其周向分割为多部分，每部分所述多稳态元件之间具有间隔；
    所述阀芯组件包括隔板，所述隔板位于所述间隔，相邻所述隔板与所述多稳态元件之间具有间隙；
    所述线圈绕组通电时，所述磁轭能够吸引所述隔板运动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述磁轭包括第一磁轭和第二磁轭，沿所述电磁阀的高度方向，所述第一磁轭设置于所述阀芯组件的一侧，所述第二磁轭设置于所述阀芯组件的另一侧；
    所述第一磁轭具有第一安装槽，所述第二磁轭具有第二安装槽；
    所述线圈绕组包括第一线圈绕组和第二线圈绕组，所述第一线圈绕组设置于所述第一安装槽，所述第二线圈绕组设置于所述第二安装槽；
    所述第一线圈绕组通电时，所述第一磁轭能够吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件变形至第一稳态位点；
    所述第二线圈绕组通电时，所述第二磁轭能够吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件变形至第二稳态位点。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述阀体还具有第一进气口和第一出气口；
    所述第一磁轭还具有第一通气孔，所述第一通气孔与所述第一进气口相连通，所述第二磁轭还具有第二通气孔，所述第二通气孔与所述第一出气口相连通；
    所述阀芯组件包括第一密封件，所述第一密封件靠近所述第一通气孔设置；
    所述第一线圈绕组通电时，所述第一磁轭能够吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件变形至第一稳态位点，使所述第一密封件密封所述第一通气孔，以封堵所述气路；
    所述第二线圈绕组通电时，所述第二磁轭能够吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件变形至第二稳态位点，使所述第一密封件远离所述第一通气孔，所述隔板与所述第二磁轭抵接，所述第一进气口与所述第一出气口连通，以打开所述气路。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述阀体还具有第一进气口、第二进气口和第一出气口；
    所述第一磁轭还具有第一通气孔，所述第一通气孔与所述第一进气口相连通，所述第二磁轭还具有第二通气孔，所述第二通气孔与所述第二进气口相连通；
    所述阀芯组件还包括第一密封件和第二密封件，所述第一密封件靠近所述第一通气孔设置，所述第二密封件靠近所述第二通气孔设置；
    所述第一线圈绕组通电时，所述第一磁轭能够吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件变形至第一稳态位点，使所述第一密封件密封所述第一通气孔，所述第二进气口与所述第一出气口连通；
    所述第二线圈绕组通电时，所述第二磁轭能够吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件变形至第二稳态位点，使所述第二密封件密封所述第二通气孔，所述第一进气口与所述第一出气口连通。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述阀芯组件还包括动阀芯，所述动线圈绕组绕设于所述动阀芯的外圈；
    所述第一磁轭吸引所述动阀芯运动时，所述动阀芯带动所述动线圈绕组朝靠近所述第一线圈绕组的方向运动，使所述动线圈绕组产生的磁场与所述第一线圈绕组产生的磁场相互作用，以检测所述第一线圈绕组的信号变化，判断所述电磁阀是否正常工作；
    所述第二磁轭吸引所述动阀芯运动时，所述动阀芯带动所述动线圈绕组朝靠近所述第二线圈绕组的方向运动，使所述动线圈绕组产生的磁场与所述第二线圈绕组产生的磁场相互作用，以检测所述第二线圈绕组的信号变化，判断所述电磁阀是否正常工作。
  8. 根据权利要求5或6所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述阀芯组件还包括动阀芯，所述动线圈绕组绕设于所述动阀芯的外圈；
    所述第一线圈绕组通电时与所述第一磁轭吸引所述动阀芯运动时，所述第二线圈绕组能够产生磁场，以检测所述第二线圈绕组的信号变化，判断所述第一线圈绕组是否正常工作；
    所述第二线圈绕组通电时与所述第二磁轭吸引所述动阀芯运动时，所述第一线圈绕组能够产生磁场，以检测所述第一线圈绕组的信号变化，判断所述第二线圈绕组是否正常工作。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述安装槽为环形槽，所述环形槽设有内壁和外壁；
    所述内壁靠近所述隔板一端的端面设有齿槽。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述安装槽为环形槽，所述环形槽设有内壁和外壁；
    所述外壁靠近所述隔板一端的端面设有齿槽。
  11. 根据权利要求3所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述安装槽为环形槽，所述环形槽设有内壁和外壁；
    所述内壁与所述外壁靠近所述隔板一端的端面设有齿槽。
  12. 根据权利要求3所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述阀体包括第一进气口、第一出气口和第二出气口；
    所述阀芯组件包括第一密封件，所述第一密封件与所述多稳态元件连接；
    所述线圈绕组通电时，所述磁轭能够吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件运动变形，使所述隔板与所述磁轭抵接，所述第一进气口、所述第一出气口和所述第二出气口相连通；
    所述线圈绕组断电时，所述多稳态元件变形回弹至第二稳态点位，并带动所述第一密封件密封所述第一进气口；
    其中，所述线圈绕组通电时，所述多稳态元件屈曲变形距离小于Y4。
  13. 根据权利要求3所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述阀体包括第一进气口和第一出气口；
    所述磁轭设有第一通气孔，所述第一通气孔与所述第一出气口连通；
    所述阀芯组件还包括第一密封件和磁性件，所述第一密封件设置于所述磁性件靠近所述第一进气口的一端，所述磁性件能够磁化所述隔板；
    所述线圈绕组断电时，所述磁轭吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件运动变形至第一稳态点位，使所述隔板与所述磁轭抵接，所述第一进气口通过所述第一通气孔与所述第一出气口连通，以打开所述气路；
    所述线圈绕组通电时，在磁场作用下，所述磁轭排斥所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述第一密封件密封所述第一进气口，以封堵所述气路。
  14. 根据权利要求3所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述阀体包括第一进气口和第一出气口；
    所述磁轭设有第一通气孔，所述第一通气孔与所述第一出气口连通；
    所述阀芯组件还包括第一密封件和磁性件，所述第一密封件设置于所述磁性件靠近所述第一出气口的一端，所述磁性件能够磁化所述隔板；
    所述线圈绕组断电时，所述磁轭吸引所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述密封件密封所述第一通气孔，所述多稳态元件运动变形至第二稳态点位，以封堵所述气路；
    所述线圈绕组通电时，在磁场作用下，所述磁轭排斥所述隔板，所述隔板带动所述多稳态元件变形，使所述第一密封件远离所述第一通气孔，所述第一进气口通过所述第一通气孔与所述第一出气口连通，以打开所述气路。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，沿所述电磁阀的高度方向，所述第一进气口的横截面积大于所述磁性件的横截面积。
  16. 一种电磁阀，其特征在于，所述电磁阀包括：
    阀体，所述阀体具有容纳腔；
    第一磁轭，所述第一磁轭设置于所述容纳腔，所述第一磁轭具有第一安装槽；
    第一线圈绕组，所述第一线圈绕组设置于所述第一安装槽；
    阀芯组件，所述阀芯组件设置于所述容纳腔，并能够相对所述阀体运动；
    弹性件，所述弹性件设置于所述容纳腔，所述弹性件的两端分别与所述阀芯组件和所述阀体的内壁连接；
    其中，在所述弹性件的弹力作用下，所述弹性件能够压置所述阀芯组件，使所述阀芯组件封堵或打开所述电磁阀的气路；
    所述第一线圈绕组通电时，所述第一磁轭能够驱动所述阀芯组件运动，使所述阀芯组件能够克服所述弹性件的弹力打开或封堵所述电磁阀的气路。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述阀芯组件包括隔板和第一密封件，所述隔板与所述第一密封件连接；
    所述阀体具有第一进气口和第一出气口，所述第一密封件靠近所述第一进气口设置；
    所述第一线圈绕组断电时，在所述弹性件的弹力作用下，通过所述隔板压置所述第一密封件密封所述第一进气口，以封堵所述气路；
    所述第一线圈绕组通电时，所述第一磁轭吸引所述隔板，所述隔板克服所述弹性件的弹力带动所述第一密封件朝远离所述第一进气口的方向运动，所述第一进气口与所述第一出气口连通，以打开所述气路。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述第一磁轭设有凹陷部，所述隔板设有与所述凹陷部对应的凸起部，所述凸起部设置于所述凹陷部内；
    沿所述电磁阀的高度方向，所述凸起部能够沿所述凹陷部运动。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的电磁阀，其特征在于，所述阀芯组件包括隔板和第一密封件，所述隔板与所述第一密封件连接；
    所述阀体具有第一进气口和第一出气口，所述第一密封件靠近所述第一出气口设置；
    所述第一磁轭设有第一通气孔，所述第一通气孔与所述第一出气口连通；
    所述第一线圈绕组断电时，在所述弹性件的弹力作用下压置所述隔板，使所述第一密封件远离所述第一通气孔，所述第一进气口通过所述第一通气孔与所述第一出气口连通，以打开所述气路；
    所述第一线圈绕组通电时，所述第一磁轭吸引所述隔板，所述隔板克服所述弹性件的弹力带动所述第一密封件密封所述第一通气孔，以封堵所述气路。
  20. 一种设备，用于测量血压，其特征在于，所述设备包括：
    设备主体；
    气囊，安装于所述设备主体，所述气囊用于佩戴在被测部位；
    气泵，安装于所述设备主体，所述气泵用于向所述气囊提供流体；
    压力传感器，安装于所述设备主体，所述压力传感器用于检测所述气囊的压力；
    电磁阀，电磁阀安装于所述设备主体，所述电磁阀为权利要求1～19中任一项所述的电磁阀；
    检测元件，所述检测元件用于检测所述电磁阀是否正常工作。
PCT/CN2023/099611 2022-06-20 2023-06-12 一种电磁阀及设备 WO2023246538A1 (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0717219A1 (de) * 1994-12-16 1996-06-19 Binder Magnete GmbH Magnetventil
JP2006242232A (ja) * 2005-03-01 2006-09-14 Nippon Seimitsu Sokki Kk 電動排気弁及び血圧計
CN202158243U (zh) * 2011-06-08 2012-03-07 汤红志 双稳态脉冲电磁阀
JP2015183714A (ja) * 2014-03-20 2015-10-22 アイシン精機株式会社 流量制御弁
CN105451797A (zh) * 2013-06-28 2016-03-30 康尔福盛303公司 通气机流量阀
CN106573124A (zh) * 2014-06-27 2017-04-19 金斯顿呼吸资本有限责任公司 通气机流量阀
CN111712661A (zh) * 2018-02-13 2020-09-25 欧姆龙健康医疗事业株式会社 电磁阀、血压计以及设备

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0717219A1 (de) * 1994-12-16 1996-06-19 Binder Magnete GmbH Magnetventil
JP2006242232A (ja) * 2005-03-01 2006-09-14 Nippon Seimitsu Sokki Kk 電動排気弁及び血圧計
CN202158243U (zh) * 2011-06-08 2012-03-07 汤红志 双稳态脉冲电磁阀
CN105451797A (zh) * 2013-06-28 2016-03-30 康尔福盛303公司 通气机流量阀
JP2015183714A (ja) * 2014-03-20 2015-10-22 アイシン精機株式会社 流量制御弁
CN106573124A (zh) * 2014-06-27 2017-04-19 金斯顿呼吸资本有限责任公司 通气机流量阀
CN111712661A (zh) * 2018-02-13 2020-09-25 欧姆龙健康医疗事业株式会社 电磁阀、血压计以及设备

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