WO2023241003A1

WO2023241003A1 - Vehicle, method for determining surface type of reflector, and method for determining optical free-form surface

Info

Publication number: WO2023241003A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/142811
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘娟; 姚吉; 王树利; 王晓彤; 徐兴红; 吴风炎
Original assignee: 海信集团控股股份有限公司
Priority date: 2022-06-13
Filing date: 2022-12-28
Publication date: 2023-12-21

Abstract

A vehicle, a method for determining the surface type of a reflector (533), and a method for determining an optical free-form surface. The method for determining the surface type of a reflector comprises: acquiring the size of a virtual image (206) which is detected by an image detection device (201), and the resolution of the virtual image (206) (401); on the basis of the size of the virtual image (206) and the resolution of the virtual image (206), determining a magnification factor required by a wavefront corrector (2053) (402); and on the basis of the magnification factor, adjusting the surface type of a reflector (533) of the wavefront corrector (2053), so as to adjust the size and resolution of the virtual image (206) (403).

Description

Methods for determining surface shapes of vehicles and mirrors and methods for determining optical free-form surfaces

This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202210665843.8, submitted on June 13, 2022; and application number 202211052525.0, submitted on August 31, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated into this application by reference. .

Technical field

The present application relates to the field of optical technology, specifically, to a method for determining the surface shape of a vehicle and a reflector and a method for determining an optical free-form surface.

Background technique

Currently, many vehicles are equipped with a Head Up Display (HUD). Through the HUD, driving information such as navigation information and vehicle speed can be projected on the front windshield. The driver can understand important driving information without having to lower his head, thereby reducing the need for driving. potential safety hazards, making the driving process safer.

In related technologies, HUD mainly includes an image generation module 205 and an optical imaging module 203. Among them, the image generation module 205 includes a projector 2052, a plane mirror and a diffusion film 2051 arranged sequentially along the optical path. The image generation module 205 is used to provide an image source, and the optical imaging module 203 is used to project the image source provided by the image generation module 205 onto the front windshield of the vehicle.

However, the size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 203 is proportional to the image distance of the projector 2052 in the image generation module 205. When the size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 203 is larger, the image of the projector 2052 The distance is larger, which will lead to a larger volume of the image generation module 205, which will in turn lead to a larger volume of the entire HUD. Furthermore, since the size of the image source projected onto the diffusion film 2051 by the projector 2052 does not match the size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 203, the resolution of the projector 2052 cannot be fully utilized.

Contents of the invention

Some embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle. The vehicle has a head-up display (HUD). The HUD includes an image generation module and an optical imaging module. The image generation module includes a projector and a wavefront corrector arranged sequentially along the optical path. and a diffusion film, the image distance of the projector is fixed; the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector is adjusted based on the magnification required by the wavefront corrector, and the wavefront corrector requires The magnification is determined based on the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image. The virtual image is formed in front of the vehicle after the image source provided by the projector is projected onto the front windshield of the vehicle. image.

Some embodiments of the present application provide a method for determining the surface shape of a reflector, which is applied to a wavefront controller in a HUD test system. The HUD test system also includes a HUD and an image detection device. The HUD includes an image generation module and Optical imaging module, the image generation module includes a projector, a wavefront corrector and a diffusion film arranged sequentially along the optical path, the image distance of the projector is fixed; the method includes: obtaining the image detected by the image detection device The size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image. The virtual image is an image formed in front of the vehicle after the image source provided by the projector is projected onto the front windshield of the vehicle; based on the virtual image The size of the image and the resolution of the virtual image determine the magnification required by the wavefront corrector; based on the magnification, adjust the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector to adjust the virtual Image size and resolution.

Some embodiments of the present application also provide a vehicle, which has a head-up display (HUD) in the vehicle. The HUD includes an image generation module and an optical imaging module. The optical imaging module is used to convert the image source provided by the image generation module. Projected onto the front windshield of the vehicle to form a virtual image in front of the vehicle; the image generation module includes a projector, a first free-form surface reflector and a diffusion film arranged sequentially along the optical path. The image distance of the instrument is fixed; the free-form surface of the first free-form surface reflector is determined based on the required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector, and the required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector is based on The image source size required by the optical imaging module and the image source size that the projector can project on the diffusion film are determined. The image source size that the projector can project on the diffusion film is It is determined based on the imaging size of the projector and the image distance. The image source size required by the optical imaging module is based on the size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present and what the optical imaging module can provide. The magnification is determined.

Some embodiments of the present application also provide a method for determining an optical free-form surface. The head-up display HUD includes an image generation module and an optical imaging module. The optical imaging module is used to project the image source provided by the image generation module onto the vehicle. on the front windshield to form a virtual image in front of the vehicle; the image generation module includes a projector, a first free-form surface reflector and a diffusion film arranged sequentially along the optical path, and the image distance of the projector is fixed; The method includes: determining the image source size required by the optical imaging module based on the size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present and the magnification that the optical imaging module can provide; based on the imaging of the projector size and the image distance, determine the image source size that the projector can project on the diffusion film; based on the image source size required by the optical imaging module and the image source size required by the projector on the diffusion film The size of the image source that can be projected determines the magnification required by the first free-form surface reflector; based on the required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector, the free-form surface of the first free-form surface reflector is determined.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an image source size provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 2 is a complete optical path diagram of a HUD test system provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural distribution diagram of an image generation module 205 provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 4 is a flow chart of a method for determining the surface shape of a reflector provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a face selection interface provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a parameter setting interface provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another image source ratio provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a wavefront corrector provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for determining the surface shape of a reflector provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 10 is a complete optical path diagram of a HUD provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 11 is a schematic structural distribution diagram of an image generation module provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 12 is a flow chart of a method for determining an optical free-form surface provided by some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for determining an optical free-form surface provided by some embodiments of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, implementation and advantages of the present application clearer, the exemplary embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the exemplary embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described exemplary embodiments These are only some of the embodiments of this application, not all of them.

Based on the exemplary embodiments described in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of the claims appended to this application. In addition, although the disclosure in this application is introduced in terms of one or several exemplary examples, it should be understood that each aspect of these disclosures can also individually constitute a complete embodiment. It should be noted that the brief description of terms in this application is only to facilitate understanding of the embodiments described below, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. Unless otherwise stated, these terms should be understood according to their ordinary and usual meaning.

First, the application scenarios involved in some embodiments of this application are introduced:

Currently, the HUD mainly includes an image generation module 205' and an optical imaging module 203'. Among them, the image generation module 205' includes a projector 2052', a plane reflector and a diffusion film 2051' arranged sequentially along the optical path. The image generation module 205' is used to provide an image source, and the optical imaging module 203' is used to project the image source provided by the image generation module 205' onto the front windshield of the vehicle. However, the size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 203' is proportional to the image distance of the projector 2052' in the image generation module 205'. When the size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 203' is larger, the projection The image distance of the instrument 2052' is larger, which will lead to a larger volume of the image generation module 205', which will in turn lead to a larger volume of the entire HUD. Moreover, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the size of an image source provided by some embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, since the image source projected by the projector 2052' onto the diffusion film 2051' and the optical imaging module 203' require The size of the image source does not match, so that the full resolution of the projector 2052' cannot be utilized.

Figure 2 is a complete optical path diagram of a HUD test system provided by some embodiments of the present application. Please refer to Figure 2. In some embodiments of the present application, since the image distance of the projector 2052 is fixed, in this case, it can be The HUD test system determines the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053, so that the image source projected by the projector 2052 onto the diffusion film 2051 matches the size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 203, so as to make full use of the projection. The purpose of the resolution of the instrument 2052 is to avoid the problem of image source size mismatch shown in Figure 1. Moreover, when the image distance of the projector 2052 is small, the volume of the image generation module 205 can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the volume of the entire HUD. In this way, after the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 in the HUD is determined through the HUD testing system, the HUD finally installed on the vehicle can make full use of the resolution of the projector 2052.

Among them, the HUD test system includes HUD, image detection equipment 201 and wavefront controller 204. HUD mainly includes image generation module 205 and optical imaging module 203. Image generation module 205 includes projectors 2052 arranged sequentially along the optical path, wavefront correction 2053 and diffusion film 2051. Among them, the wavefront controller 204 can communicate with the image detection device 201 and the wavefront corrector 2053 respectively. The communication connection may be a wired or wireless connection, which is not limited in some embodiments of the present application.

The image generation module 205 is used to provide an image source, and the optical imaging module 203 is used to project the image source provided by the image generation module 205 onto the front windshield of the vehicle to form a virtual image in front of the vehicle. The image detection device 201 is used to detect the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image, and send the above data to the wavefront controller 204. The wavefront controller 204 is used to obtain the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image detected by the image detection device 201, and determine the magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053 based on the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image. , and then based on the magnification, adjust the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 to adjust the size and resolution of the virtual image.

In some embodiments, the HUD test system further includes a wavefront sensor 2054 located at the same location as the image detection device 201 . Among them, the wavefront controller 204 and the wavefront sensor 2054 can be connected for communication. The communication connection may be a wired or wireless connection, which is not limited in some embodiments of the present application.

The wavefront sensor 2054 is used to detect wavefront distortion data, and send the wavefront distortion data to the wavefront controller 204 . The image detection device 201 is also used to detect the distortion data of the virtual image and the offset data of the virtual image, and send the distortion data of the virtual image and the offset data of the virtual image to the wavefront controller 204 . The wavefront controller 204 acquires the wavefront distortion data detected by the wavefront sensor 2054 and the distortion data of the virtual image and the offset data of the virtual image detected by the image detection device 201. The wavefront controller 204 determines based on the wavefront distortion data. The wavefront aberration is used to adjust the surface shape of the mirror of the wavefront corrector 2053 based on the magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053, the distortion data of the virtual image, the offset data of the virtual image, and the wavefront aberration.

Figure 3 is a schematic structural distribution diagram of the image generation module. Please refer to Figure 3. The projector 2052 is located on the left side of the wavefront corrector 2053, and the diffusion film 2051 is located on the upper part of the wavefront corrector 2053. Of course, the projector 2052 and the wavefront corrector 2053 in the image generation module 205 can also be placed in other forms according to actual conditions. The schematic diagram of the structural distribution of the image generation module 205 shown in Figure 3 is only to better illustrate the structural distribution of the image generation module 205, and does not constitute a limitation on some embodiments of the present application.

The execution subject of the method for determining the surface shape of a reflector provided in some embodiments of the present application is the wavefront controller 204 . The wavefront controller 204 can be any electronic product that can perform human-computer interaction with the user through one or more methods such as keyboard, touch pad, touch screen, remote control, voice interaction or handwriting device.

It should be noted that the application scenarios and execution subjects described in some embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of more clearly explaining the technical solutions of some embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by some embodiments of the present application. Those of ordinary skill will know that with the emergence of new application scenarios and electronic devices, the technical solutions provided by some embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

Next, the surface shape determination method of the reflector provided by some embodiments of the present application will be explained in detail.

Figure 4 is a flow chart of a method for determining the surface shape of a reflector provided by some embodiments of the present application, which is applied to the wavefront controller 204 in the HUD test system. The HUD test system also includes a HUD and an image detection device 201. The HUD It includes an image generation module 205 and an optical imaging module 203. The image generation module 205 includes a projector 2052, a wavefront corrector 2053 and a diffusion film 2051 arranged sequentially along the optical path. The image distance of the projector 2052 is fixed. It should be noted that the above description of the image generation module 205 is only an example. In actual applications, the image generation module 205 may also include other more or less components, or combine certain components, or use different component layout. Some embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

Please refer to Figure 4. This method includes the following steps:

Step 401: The wavefront controller 204 obtains the size and resolution of the virtual image detected by the image detection device 201. The virtual image is formed in front of the vehicle after the image source provided by the projector 2052 is projected onto the front windshield of the vehicle. image.

In some embodiments, the image detection device 201 can detect the virtual image to obtain the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image. In this way, the wavefront controller 204 can obtain the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image detected by the image detection device 201 .

The size of the virtual image includes the size in the horizontal direction and the size in the vertical direction, and the resolution of the virtual image includes the number of pixels included in the horizontal direction and the number of pixels included in the vertical direction.

Step 402: The wavefront controller 204 determines the magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053 based on the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image.

The wavefront controller 204 determines the first magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053 based on the size of the virtual image and the target image size, and determines the first magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053 based on the resolution of the virtual image and the target image resolution. A second magnification, where the first magnification and the second magnification are the magnifications required by the wavefront corrector 2053 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

In some embodiments, the wavefront controller 204 determines the first horizontal magnification and the first vertical magnification based on the size of the virtual image and the target image size, and determines the second horizontal magnification based on the resolution of the virtual image and the target image resolution. The magnification factor and the second vertical magnification factor are determined based on the first horizontal magnification factor, the first vertical magnification factor, the second horizontal magnification factor and the second vertical magnification factor.

It should be noted that the target image size is set in advance. The target image size is related to the ratio of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present. This ratio refers to the horizontal size and vertical size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present. the ratio between. For example, the ratio of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present is 3:1. At this time, the target image size can be 2102 mm × 698 mm. Therefore, the size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present is 2102 in the horizontal direction and 2102 in the vertical direction. The size is 698. And in different situations, it can also be adjusted according to different needs. The target image resolution is set in advance and is related to the specifications of the DMD (Digital Micromirror Device) inside the projector 2052, and can be adjusted according to different needs under different circumstances.

In some embodiments, the size of the virtual image includes a horizontal size and a vertical size, and the target image size includes a horizontal size and a vertical size. In this way, the size of the target image in the horizontal direction can be divided by the size of the virtual image in the horizontal direction to obtain the first horizontal magnification, and the size of the target image in the vertical direction can be divided by the size of the virtual image in the vertical direction to obtain First vertical magnification.

For ease of understanding, the process of determining the first horizontal magnification and the first vertical magnification is now described using an example. If the size of the virtual image is 1944 mm × 698 mm, that is, the size of the virtual image in the horizontal direction is 1944 and the size in the vertical direction is 698. The target image size is 2102 mm × 698 mm, that is, the size of the target image in the horizontal direction is 2102 and the size in the vertical direction is 698. In this case, the first horizontal magnification is 2102÷1944≈1.08, and the first vertical magnification is 698÷698=1.

Since the magnification of the optical imaging module 203 is designed based on the target image size when designing, the size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 203 is consistent with the size of the image source projected by the projector 2052 onto the diffusion film 2051 When the size of the image source matches, the size of the virtual image is consistent with the size of the target image. However, for the size in any one of the horizontal and vertical directions, if the size of the image source projected by the projector 2052 onto the diffusion film 2051 in this direction is larger than the size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 203 in this direction, If the size of the image source projected on the diffusion film 2051 in this direction cannot be projected to the front windshield of the vehicle, then the size of the final virtual image in this direction will be different from the size of the target image in this direction. The size is the same, but in fact the virtual image only presents part of the content of the image source. If the size of the image source projected on the diffusion film 2051 by the projector 2052 in this direction is smaller than the size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 203 in this direction, then the size of the image source projected on the diffusion film 2051 in this direction will be The content can be projected to the front windshield of the vehicle, but the size of the final virtual image in that direction is smaller than the size of the target image in that direction.

That is to say, for the size in any one of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, if the size of the virtual image in this direction is consistent with the size of the target image in this direction, the projector 2052 projects to the diffusion film 2051 The size of the image source in this direction is greater than or equal to the size of the image source in this direction required by the optical imaging module 203 , that is, the image source projected on the diffusion film 2051 by the projector 2052 is the same as the size required by the optical imaging module 203 The dimensions of the image sources may or may not match. Therefore, the magnification determined solely based on the size of the virtual image and the size of the target image is inaccurate.

However, if the size of the image source projected on the diffusion film 2051 by the projector 2052 in this direction is larger than the size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 203 in this direction, then the image source projected on the diffusion film 2051 will be smaller in this direction. A part of the picture will be cropped in the direction, which will cause the number of pixels contained in the virtual image in that direction to be smaller than the number of pixels contained in the target image in that direction. Therefore, the magnification ratio can also be determined by the resolution of the virtual image and the resolution of the target image, thereby improving the accuracy of the magnification ratio.

In some embodiments, the resolution of the virtual image includes the number of pixels included in the horizontal direction and the number of pixels included in the vertical direction, and the target image resolution includes the number of pixels included in the horizontal direction and the number of pixels included in the vertical direction. In this way, the number of pixels included in the virtual image in the horizontal direction can be divided by the number of pixels included in the target image in the horizontal direction to obtain the second horizontal magnification. The number of pixels included in the virtual image in the vertical direction can be divided by the number of pixels included in the target image in the vertical direction. The number of pixels included in the direction to obtain the second vertical magnification.

Since the target image resolution is the maximum resolution that the virtual image can present, that is, the number of pixels contained in the virtual image in the horizontal and/or vertical directions is less than or equal to the number of pixels contained in the target image in the corresponding directions. If the number of pixels contained in the virtual image in the horizontal and/or vertical directions is smaller than the number of pixels contained in the target image in the corresponding direction, it means that the size of the image source projected on the diffusion film 2051 in this direction is larger than that of the optical imaging module 203 The maximum size of the required image source in this direction requires the image source projected on the diffusion film 2051 to be reduced. If the number of pixels contained in the virtual image in the horizontal and/or vertical direction is equal to the number of pixels contained in the target image in the corresponding direction, it means that the size of the image source projected on the diffusion film 2051 in this direction is equal to the size of the optical imaging module 203 The maximum size of the required image source in this direction does not require scaling of the image source projected onto the diffusion film 2051. Therefore, in some embodiments of the present application, the number of pixels contained in the virtual image in the horizontal direction can be divided by The number of pixels contained in the target image in the horizontal direction is used to obtain the second horizontal magnification, and the number of pixels contained in the virtual image in the vertical direction is divided by the number of pixels contained in the target image in the vertical direction to obtain the second vertical magnification, also That is, both the second horizontal magnification factor and the second vertical magnification factor are less than or equal to 1.

For ease of understanding, the process of determining the second horizontal magnification and the second vertical magnification is now described using an example. If the resolution of the virtual image is 854 mm × 315 mm, that is, the virtual image contains 854 pixels in the horizontal direction and 315 pixels in the vertical direction. The target image resolution is 854 mm × 480 mm, that is, the target image contains 854 pixels in the horizontal direction and 480 pixels in the vertical direction. In this case, the second horizontal magnification is 854÷854=1, and the second vertical magnification is 315÷480≈0.656.

In some embodiments, if the first horizontal magnification is greater than 1, the first horizontal magnification is used as the first magnification. If the first horizontal magnification is equal to 1, the second horizontal magnification is used as the first magnification. If the first vertical magnification is greater than 1, the first vertical magnification is used as the second magnification. If the first vertical magnification is equal to 1, the second vertical magnification is used as the second magnification.

Since the target image size is the maximum size that the virtual image can achieve, the target image resolution is the maximum resolution that the virtual image can achieve, and the first horizontal magnification is the size of the target image in the horizontal direction divided by the size of the virtual image in the horizontal direction. Obtained, the first vertical magnification is obtained by dividing the size of the target image in the vertical direction by the size of the virtual image in the vertical direction. Therefore, the first horizontal magnification and the first vertical magnification must be greater than or equal to 1.

If the first horizontal magnification is greater than 1, it means that the size of the virtual image in the horizontal direction is smaller than the size of the target image in the horizontal direction, so the first horizontal magnification can be directly used as the first magnification.

If the first horizontal magnification is equal to 1, it means that the size of the virtual image in the horizontal direction is equal to the size of the target image in the horizontal direction. At this time, the size of the image source projected on the diffusion film 2051 by the projector 2052 in the horizontal direction is equal to The size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 203 in the horizontal direction may or may not match. The magnification needs to be determined by the number of pixels contained in the virtual image in the horizontal direction and the number of pixels contained in the target image in the horizontal direction. Therefore, The second horizontal magnification may be used as the first magnification.

If the first vertical magnification is greater than 1, it means that the size of the virtual image in the vertical direction is smaller than the size of the target image in the horizontal direction, so the first vertical magnification can be directly used as the second magnification.

If the first vertical magnification is equal to 1, it means that the size of the virtual image in the vertical direction is equal to the size of the target image in the vertical direction. At this time, the size of the image source projected on the diffusion film 2051 by the projector 2052 in the vertical direction is equal to The size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 203 in the vertical direction may or may not match. The magnification ratio needs to be determined by the number of pixels contained in the virtual image in the vertical direction and the number of pixels contained in the target image in the vertical direction. Therefore, The second vertical magnification may be used as the second magnification.

For example, the first horizontal magnification is 1.08, the first vertical magnification is 1, the second horizontal magnification is 1, and the second vertical magnification is 0.656. Since the first horizontal magnification is greater than 1, it means that the size of the virtual image in the horizontal direction is smaller than the size of the target image in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the first horizontal magnification can be directly used as the first magnification, that is, 1.08 is used as First magnification. Since the first vertical magnification is equal to 1, it means that the size of the virtual image in the vertical direction is equal to the size of the target image in the vertical direction. At this time, the size of the image source projected on the diffusion film 2051 by the projector 2052 in the vertical direction is equal to The size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 203 in the vertical direction may or may not match. The magnification ratio needs to be determined by the number of pixels contained in the virtual image in the vertical direction and the number of pixels contained in the target image in the vertical direction. Therefore, The second vertical magnification may be used as the second magnification. That is, 0.656 is used as the second magnification.

Step 403: The wavefront controller 204 adjusts the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 based on the required magnification of the wavefront corrector 2053 to adjust the size and resolution of the virtual image.

Determine the target free-form surface equation, each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is unknown, based on the required magnification of the wavefront corrector 2053, determine each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation, based on the target free-form surface with known polynomial coefficients Equation, adjust the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 so that the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 is a free-form surface represented by the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients.

In some embodiments, the wavefront controller 204 may display a surface type selection interface, the surface type selection interface including a plurality of surface type information, the surface type information is used to indicate the free form surface equation that the free form surface satisfies, in response to the target surface The selection operation of the type information displays the parameter setting interface. The target surface type information is one of the multiple surface type information included in the surface type selection interface. The number of polynomial coefficients input in the parameter setting interface is obtained. Based on the target surface type information The indicated free-form surface equation and the number of polynomial coefficients entered in the parameter setting interface determine the target free-form surface equation.

Since the wavefront controller 204 stores the corresponding relationship between the surface type information and the free-form surface equation, after the wavefront controller 204 displays the surface type selection interface, the user can select the target surface type information from a plurality of surface type information as The surface shape corresponding to the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053. At this time, the user will trigger the selection operation of the target surface shape information. The wavefront controller 204 receives the selection operation of the target surface shape information triggered by the user and displays the target surface shape. In the corresponding parameter setting interface, the user can set the number of polynomial coefficients. Based on the target surface shape information, the wavefront controller 204 determines the corresponding value of the target surface shape from the corresponding relationship between the surface shape information and the free-form surface equation. The free-form surface equation is then determined based on the number of polynomial coefficients and the free-form surface equation corresponding to the target surface shape information, and according to the relevant algorithm, the target free-form surface equation is determined.

In some embodiments, the wavefront controller 204 stores a corresponding relationship between the free-form surface equation and the polynomial coefficients in the free-form surface equation that affect the surface magnification. Therefore, after determining the target free-form surface equation, the wavefront controller 204 can based on the target Free-form surface equation, determine the corresponding polynomial coefficient from the correspondence between the free-form surface equation and the polynomial coefficient that affects the surface magnification in the free-form surface equation, as the target polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation, and set the target in the target free-form surface equation The polynomial coefficients are used as variables, and based on the magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053, each polynomial coefficient in the target free equation is determined according to the relevant algorithm, and then the target free surface equation with known polynomial coefficients is obtained.

In other embodiments, the above-mentioned parameter setting interface is also used to set variables in the free-form surface equation. The user can set the target polynomial coefficients as variables in the target free-form surface equation through the parameter setting interface. Therefore, after the user enters the number of polynomial coefficients in the parameter setting interface, the user can also set the target polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation in the parameter setting interface. At this time, the wavefront controller 204 determines the free-form surface equation corresponding to the target surface type from the corresponding relationship between the surface type information and the free-form surface equation based on the target surface type information, and then determines the free-form surface equation corresponding to the target surface type based on the number of polynomial coefficients and the target surface type information. The corresponding free-form surface equation is determined according to the relevant algorithm, and then based on the magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053 and the target polynomial coefficient as a variable in the target free-form surface equation, the target free-form surface equation is determined according to the relevant algorithm. Each polynomial coefficient in , and then obtain the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients.

It should be noted that the parameter setting interface can set the number of polynomial coefficients of the free-form surface equation and the target polynomial coefficients as variables in the target free-form surface equation. Of course, the parameter setting interface can also set other parameters of the free-form surface. Some implementations of this application This example does not limit this.

Wherein, the plurality of surface shape information mentioned above are set in advance, and the plurality of surface shape information can be set to extended polynomial, quadratic surface, extended aspherical surface and odd-order aspherical surface. And in different situations, it can also be adjusted according to different needs.

For ease of understanding, the process of determining the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 is now described by taking an example. For example, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a facial shape selection interface provided by some embodiments of the present application. The wavefront controller 204 can display the facial shape selection interface as shown in FIG. 5 , and the user can select extensions from multiple facial shape information. The polynomial is used as the surface shape corresponding to the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053. At this time, the user will trigger the selection operation of the extended polynomial. The wavefront controller 204 receives the selection operation of the extended polynomial triggered by the user and displays the parameters corresponding to the extended polynomial. Set interface. Since the third and fifth terms of the coefficients in the free-form surface equation indicated by the extended polynomial are related to the magnification of the free-form surface, the number of coefficients of the polynomial should be greater than or equal to 5. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a parameter setting interface provided by some embodiments of the present application. The user can set the number of polynomial coefficients to 44 in the parameter setting interface shown in Figure 6. The free-form surface equation indicated by the extended polynomial is as follows: ( 1).

Among them, in the above formula (1), z is the sag height of the free-form surface in the z-axis direction, x is the sag height of the free-form surface in the x-axis direction, y is the sag height of the free-form surface in the y-axis direction, and c is the surface curvature. , r is the radial coordinate in lens units, k is the cone coefficient, N is the number of polynomial coefficients, which is an unknown quantity, and A _i is the coefficient of the i-th extended polynomial.

In some embodiments of the present application, after determining the free-form surface equation indicated by the extended polynomial, c and k in formula (1) are set to 0. Therefore, the wavefront controller 204 is based on the number of polynomial coefficients and the number of extended polynomials. According to the indicated free-form surface equation, the target free-form surface equation is determined as the following formula (2) according to the relevant algorithm.

Among them, in the above formula (2), z is the sag height of the free-form surface in the z-axis direction, x is the sag height of the free-form surface in the x-axis direction, y is the sag height of the free-form surface in the y-axis direction, C ₁ to C ₄₄ is each polynomial coefficient in the free surface equation.

Because the wavefront controller 204 stores polynomial coefficients that affect the magnification of the curved surface. Therefore, the wavefront controller 204 can determine the target polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation to be C ₃ and C ₅ based on the stored polynomial coefficients that affect the surface magnification, and use C ₃ and C ₅ as variables to correct the wavefront based on the stored polynomial coefficients that affect the surface magnification. The required magnification of the device 2053 in the horizontal direction is 1.08 times, the required magnification in the vertical direction is 0.656 times, and the target polynomial coefficients in the variable target free-form surface equation. According to the relevant algorithm, determine each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation. , where C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₄ , C ₆ to C ₄₄ are 0, C ₃ is -116.652, and C ₅ is -50.122, and the free form surface represented by the target free form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients is determined It is the reflector of wavefront corrector 2053.

It should be noted that the above examples of the surface selection interface and the parameter setting interface are only to better illustrate the process of determining the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053, and constitute a limitation on some embodiments of the present application.

The methods provided by some embodiments of the present application can be simulated through optical simulation software deployed by the wavefront controller 204. At this time, the amplification effect of the wavefront corrector 2053 can be simulated through optical simulation software. For example, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another image source ratio provided by some embodiments of the present application. Please refer to Figure 7 and perform simulation through optical simulation software. It can be seen that the projector 2052 projects to the diffusion film 2051 through the wavefront corrector 2053. The image source on the screen completely overlaps with the image source required by the optical imaging module 203, achieving full-screen display.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a wavefront corrector provided by some embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 8 , the wavefront corrector 2053 includes multiple actuators 532 and reflecting mirrors 533 . Different actuators 532 and different voltages can cause the mirror 533 to produce various complex deformations. Therefore, the wavefront controller 204 can determine the control instruction based on the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients according to the relevant algorithm, and then send the control instruction to the wavefront corrector 2053 so that the wavefront corrector 2053 is based on the control instruction. The positions of the plurality of actuators 532 are controlled to adjust the surface shape of the reflector 533 so that the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 is a free-form surface represented by a target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients.

In some embodiments, please continue to refer to FIG. 8 . The wavefront corrector 2053 includes a base 531 , a plurality of actuators 532 and a reflector. The base 531 is made of a material with high stiffness and is mainly used to support the entire wavefront corrector. 2053 structure and serves as a fixed base plate during work. Among them, the actuator 532 can be composed of piezoelectric material or electrostrictive material stack. Multiple actuators 532 are fixed on the base 531 according to a certain spatial distribution and are connected to the reflector at the top. The actuator 532 can convert electrical energy into displacement in the vertical direction, thereby deforming the mirror. The material of the reflector may be optical glass, silicon, metal, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the application.

In some embodiments, the type of wavefront straightener 2053 may be a piezoelectric material driven wavefront straightener 2053, an electrostrictive material wavefront straightener 2053, a magnetostrictive material wavefront straightener 2053, an electrostatically driven wavefront Straightener 2053, bimorph wavefront straightener 2053 and voice coil motor wavefront straightener 2053. Of course, the wavefront straightener 2053 can also be of other types, which are not limited in the examples of this application.

Since the optical imaging module 203 is an off-axis reflective optical system, this system may cause greater distortion in the virtual image that is finally projected onto the front windshield of the vehicle, and each optical element may produce positional deviations during assembly. Deviations may cause the virtual image projected onto the vehicle's front windshield to shift. In addition, due to reasons such as lens design, workmanship, and uneven air refractive index distribution, the light beam cannot be focused or transformed according to the ideal state, which will cause a deviation between the actual wavefront of the virtual image and the ideal wavefront, that is, the generation of a wavefront Distortion will affect the imaging quality of virtual effects. Therefore, in some embodiments, the HUD test system also includes a wavefront sensor 2054. At this time, the wavefront controller 204 can obtain the distortion data of the virtual image and the offset data of the virtual image detected by the image detection device 201, and obtain The wavefront distortion data detected by the wavefront sensor 2054 is used to indicate the deviation between the actual wavefront and the ideal wavefront of the virtual image. The wavefront controller 204 can determine the wavefront image based on the wavefront distortion data. The surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 is adjusted based on the magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053, the distortion data of the virtual image, the offset data of the virtual image and the wavefront aberration.

Among them, the wavefront refers to the surface formed by multiple equal phase points of light rays in the light beam, and this surface is perpendicular to the propagation direction of each light ray. For example, if the emitted light beam is an ideal parallel light, the ideal wavefront of the light beam is a plane. If the light beam cannot be focused or transformed according to the ideal state due to lens design, workmanship, uneven refractive index distribution of air, etc., then the beam cannot be focused or transformed according to the ideal state. Wavefront distortion is generated. At this time, the wavefront that generates wavefront distortion may be a curved surface.

The image detection device 201 detects the virtual image and can also obtain distortion data of the virtual image and offset data of the virtual image. In addition, the wavefront sensor 2054 can also detect the virtual image to obtain wavefront distortion data. In this way, the wavefront controller 204 can obtain the distortion data of the virtual image and the offset data of the virtual image detected by the image detection device 201, and obtain the wavefront distortion data detected by the wavefront sensor 2054.

In some embodiments, the wavefront sensor 2054 may be a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor 2054, a curvature sensor, or a Pyramid wavefront sensor 2054. Of course, the wavefront sensor 2054 may also be Other wavefront sensors 2054 are not limited in some embodiments of this application.

In some embodiments, the wavefront controller 204 may determine the wavefront aberration based on the wavefront distortion data and according to a related algorithm. In some embodiments, the wavefront controller 204 may determine the wavefront aberration based on the wavefront distortion data and according to a wavefront reconstruction algorithm. Of course, the wavefront controller 204 can also determine the wavefront aberration according to other algorithms, which is not limited in some embodiments of the present application.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned wavefront aberration may include parameters such as prism, defocus, astigmatism, clover, coma, and spherical aberration, which are not limited in this application.

In some embodiments, the wavefront controller 204 determines a target free-form surface equation, and each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is unknown, based on the required magnification of the wavefront corrector 2053, the distortion data of the virtual image, and the deflection of the virtual image. Shift data and wavefront aberration are used to determine each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation. Based on the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients, adjust the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 so that the wavefront corrector 2053 The reflector is a free-form surface represented by the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients.

For the determination process of the target free-form surface equation, please refer to the corresponding content above and will not be repeated here.

The wavefront controller 204 determines the implementation process of each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation based on the magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053, the distortion data of the virtual image, the offset data of the virtual image and the wavefront aberration, including: The wavefront controller 204 determines the value of the first polynomial coefficient based on the magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053 and the target free-form surface equation with unknown polynomial coefficients, based on the value of the first polynomial coefficient and the bias of the virtual image. Shift data, determine the value of the second polynomial coefficient, determine the third polynomial coefficient based on the value of the first polynomial coefficient, the value of the second polynomial coefficient, the distortion data of the virtual image and the wavefront aberration to obtain the values of each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation. Among them, the first polynomial coefficient refers to the polynomial coefficient that affects the magnification of the surface, the second polynomial coefficient refers to the polynomial coefficient that affects the trapezoidal change, and the value of the third polynomial coefficient refers to the target free-form surface equation except Polynomial coefficients other than the first polynomial coefficient and the second polynomial coefficient.

Based on the magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053, the specific process of determining the value of the first polynomial coefficient is the same as the above-mentioned determination of the factors affecting the surface magnification in the target free-form surface equation based on the magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053. The process for polynomial coefficients is the same and will not be repeated here.

In some embodiments, the wavefront controller 204 stores a corresponding relationship between the free-form surface equation and the polynomial coefficients in the free-form surface equation that affect the surface magnification. Therefore, after determining the target free-form surface equation, the wavefront controller 204 can based on the target Free-form surface equation, determine the corresponding polynomial coefficient from the correspondence between the free-form surface equation and the polynomial coefficient that affects the surface magnification in the free-form surface equation, as the first polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation, and set the target free-form surface equation The first polynomial coefficient in is used as a variable, and then based on the magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053, the value of the first polynomial coefficient is determined according to the relevant algorithm.

In the same way as above, the above parameter setting interface is also used to set variables in the free-form surface equation. The user can set the target polynomial coefficients as variables in the target free-form surface equation through the parameter setting interface. Therefore, after the user inputs the number of polynomial coefficients in the parameter setting interface, the user can also set the first polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation in the parameter setting interface. At this time, the wavefront controller 204 determines the free-form surface equation corresponding to the target surface type from the corresponding relationship between the surface type information and the free-form surface equation based on the target surface type information, and then determines the free-form surface equation corresponding to the target surface type based on the number of polynomial coefficients and the target surface type information. The corresponding free-form surface equation, according to the relevant algorithm, determines the target free-form surface equation, and then based on the magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053 and the first polynomial coefficient as a variable in the target free-form surface equation, according to the relevant algorithm, determine the target The value of the first polynomial coefficient in the free surface equation.

In the same way as above, the wavefront controller 204 stores the correspondence between the free-form surface equation and the polynomial coefficients that affect the trapezoidal variation in the free-form surface equation. Therefore, after determining the value of the first polynomial coefficient, the wavefront controller 204 204 can be based on the target free-form surface equation, and determine the corresponding polynomial coefficient from the correspondence between the free-form surface equation and the polynomial coefficient that affects the trapezoidal variation in the free-form surface equation, as the second polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation, and The value of the first polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is fixed, and the second polynomial coefficient is used as a variable, and then based on the offset data of the virtual image and according to the relevant algorithm, the second polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is determined. The value of the coefficient of the formula.

In other embodiments, after determining the value of the first polynomial coefficient, you can also set the second polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation in the parameter setting interface, and set the numerically fixed third polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation. A polynomial coefficient. At this time, based on the offset data of the virtual image and the second polynomial coefficient as a variable in the target free-form surface equation, the value of the second polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is determined according to the relevant algorithm.

In some embodiments, after determining the values of the first polynomial coefficients and the values of the second polynomial coefficients, the wavefront controller 204 may divide the first polynomial from the target free-form surface equation based on the target free-form surface equation. The polynomial coefficients other than the coefficients of the equation and the second polynomial coefficients are used as the third polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation, and the values of the first polynomial coefficients and the second polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation are The value of the coefficient is fixed, and the third polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is used as a variable. Based on the distortion data and wavefront aberration of the virtual image, the third polynomial coefficient in the target free-form equation is determined according to the relevant algorithm. value.

In other embodiments, after determining the value of the first polynomial coefficient and the value of the second polynomial coefficient, the third polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation can also be set on the parameter setting interface, and the Numerically fixed first and second polynomial coefficients in the target freeform surface equation. At this time, based on the offset data of the virtual image and the third polynomial coefficient as a variable in the target free-form surface equation, the value of the third polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is determined according to the relevant algorithm.

In some embodiments, after determining the value of the first polynomial coefficient, the value of the second polynomial coefficient and the value of the third polynomial coefficient, the value of the first polynomial coefficient, the value of the second polynomial coefficient are The values of the coefficients of the equation and the values of the third polynomial coefficient are substituted into the target free-form surface equation, and then the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients is obtained.

Based on the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients, adjust the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 so that the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 is the free-form surface represented by the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients. Please refer to the corresponding content above for the specific process and will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that the methods provided by some embodiments of the present application are implemented when the image distance of the projector 2052 is fixed. The image distance of the projector 2052 is the minimum value within the target image distance range. The target image distance is Range refers to the image distance range where aberration does not occur. The target image distance range is set in advance and is related to the internal optical structural parameters of the projector 2052 . In some embodiments, the target image distance range may be set to 90 mm to 130 mm, in which case the image distance of the projector 2052 is 90 mm.

In some embodiments, the light beam emitted from the optical axis of the projector 2052 is reflected perpendicularly to the center of the diffusion film 2051 after being reflected by the wavefront corrector 2053. At this time, the image plane of the projector 2052 coincides with the diffusion film 2051. Therefore, The image distance of the projector 2052 refers to the distance traveled by the light beam propagating along the optical axis from the projector 2052 lens to the wavefront corrector 2053 and the distance traveled by the light beam from the wavefront corrector 2053 to the diffusion film 2051 perpendicularly. and.

In other embodiments, considering the problem of sunlight intrusion, the light beam emitted from the lens of the projector 2052 is reflected by the wavefront corrector 2053 and then incident on the diffusion film 2051 at a certain angle, such as 8 degrees to 20 degrees. At this time, since the light beam emitted from the projector 2052 and propagating along the optical axis is incident on the diffusion film 2051 at a certain angle, the image plane of the projector 2052 does not coincide with the diffusion film 2051. Therefore, the image distance of the projector 2052 refers to the distance from the projector 2052 to the diffusion film 2051. The sum of the distance traveled by the 2052 lens from the light beam propagating along the optical axis to the wavefront corrector 2053 and the distance traveled by the light beam from the wavefront corrector 2053 to the image plane perpendicularly.

Since the reflector in the image generation module 205 in some embodiments of the present application is the wavefront corrector 2053, when the image distance of the projector 2052 is fixed, the surface of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 can be adjusted. type, so that the magnification of the wavefront corrector 2053 can meet the actual required magnification of the wavefront corrector 2053, so that the projector 2052 projects the image source and the optical imaging module 203 on the diffusion film 2051 through the wavefront corrector 2053 The size of the required image source is matched to achieve a full-screen display, so that the resolution of the projector 2052 is fully utilized. In this way, by determining the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 in the HUD, the HUD finally installed on the vehicle can fully utilize the resolution of the projector 2052. Moreover, through the methods provided by some embodiments of the present application, the image distance of the projector 2052 can be determined in advance, so that the appearance design of the HUD can be carried out in advance, further shortening the entire HUD design time. In addition, through the methods of some embodiments of the present application, the image distance of the projector 2052 can also be reduced, thereby reducing the distance traveled by light, making the structure of the image generation module 205 of the HUD more compact, thereby reducing the volume of the image generation module 205. This further achieves the purpose of reducing the volume of the entire HUD, and the methods provided by some embodiments of the present application can also correct the distortion of the virtual image, the offset of the virtual image caused by the position deviation of the optical elements during assembly, and correct the wavefront distortion. , thereby further improving the image quality of virtual images.

Some embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle. The vehicle has a HUD. The HUD includes an image generation module 205 and an optical imaging module 203. The image generation module 205 includes a projector 2052, a wavefront corrector 2053 and a diffusion film arranged sequentially along the optical path. 2051, the image distance of the projector 2052 is fixed.

The surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 is adjusted based on the required magnification of the wavefront corrector 2053. The required magnification of the wavefront corrector 2053 is based on the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image. It is determined that the virtual image is an image formed in front of the vehicle after the image source provided by the projector 2052 is projected onto the front windshield of the vehicle.

It should be noted that the process of determining the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 in the vehicle provided by the above embodiments belongs to the same concept as the above embodiment of the method for determining the surface shape of the reflector. For details of the implementation process, please refer to the method embodiments. , we won’t go into details here.

Some embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle, including a head-up display (HUD). The HUD includes a wavefront controller, an image generation module and an optical imaging module. The image generation module includes projectors arranged sequentially along the optical path, and wavefront correction. The image distance of the projector is fixed;

The wavefront controller is configured as:

Obtain the size of the virtual image detected by the image detection device and the resolution of the virtual image. The virtual image is the image source provided by the projector and is projected onto the front windshield of the vehicle. The image formed in front;

Determine the magnification required by the wavefront corrector based on the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image;

Based on the magnification, the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector is adjusted to adjust the size and resolution of the virtual image.

In some embodiments, a wavefront sensor is also included,

The wavefront controller is configured as:

The adjusting the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector based on the magnification includes:

Obtain the distortion data of the virtual image detected by the image detection device and the offset data of the virtual image, and acquire the wavefront distortion data detected by the wavefront sensor, where the wavefront distortion data is the Distortion data of the image source provided by the projector;

determining wavefront aberration based on the wavefront distortion data;

Based on the magnification, the distortion data of the virtual image, the offset data of the virtual image and the wavefront aberration, the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector is adjusted.

In some embodiments, the wavefront controller is configured to:

The adjustment of the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector based on the magnification, the distortion data of the virtual image, the offset data of the virtual image and the wavefront aberration includes:

Determine a target free-form surface equation, where each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is unknown;

Determine each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation based on the magnification, the distortion data of the virtual image, the offset data of the virtual image, and the wavefront aberration;

Based on the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients, the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector is adjusted so that the reflector of the wavefront corrector is characterized by the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients. free-form surface.

In some embodiments, the wavefront corrector includes a plurality of actuators and mirrors; the wavefront controller is configured to:

Based on the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients, a control instruction is sent to the wavefront corrector, so that the wavefront corrector controls the positions of the plurality of actuators based on the control instruction to adjust The surface shape of the reflector.

In some embodiments, the wavefront controller is configured to:

Determining the magnification required by the wavefront corrector based on the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image includes:

Determine a first magnification required by the wavefront corrector based on the size of the virtual image and the target image size;

Based on the resolution of the virtual image and the target image resolution, determine the second magnification required by the wavefront corrector;

Wherein, the first magnification and the second magnification are magnifications required by the wavefront corrector in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

Since the reflector in some embodiments of the present application is a wavefront corrector 2053, when the image distance of the projector is fixed, the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector can be adjusted to make the wavefront corrector The magnification can meet the actual magnification required by the wavefront corrector, so that the image source projected onto the diffusion film by the projector through the wavefront corrector matches the size of the image source required by the optical imaging module to achieve full-screen display , so that the resolution of the projector can be fully utilized. In this way, by determining the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector in the HUD, the HUD finally installed on the vehicle can make full use of the resolution of the projector. Please refer to the previous article for specific introduction, and will not go into details here.

Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for determining the surface shape of a reflector provided by some embodiments of the present application. The device for determining the surface shape of a reflector can be implemented as part of the wavefront controller 204 by software, hardware, or a combination of the two. Or all of them. Please refer to FIG. 9 , the device includes: an acquisition module 901 , a determination module 902 and an adjustment module 903 .

The acquisition module 901 is used to acquire the size and resolution of the virtual image detected by the image detection device 201. The virtual image is formed in front of the vehicle after the image source provided by the projector 2052 is projected onto the front windshield of the vehicle. image. For the detailed implementation process, refer to the corresponding content in each of the above embodiments, and will not be described again here.

The determination module 902 is configured to determine the magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053 based on the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image. For the detailed implementation process, refer to the corresponding content in each of the above embodiments, and will not be described again here.

The adjustment module 903 is used to adjust the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 based on the magnification, so as to adjust the size and resolution of the virtual image. For the detailed implementation process, refer to the corresponding content in each of the above embodiments, and will not be described again here.

In some embodiments, the adjustment module 903 includes:

The acquisition unit is used to acquire the distortion data of the virtual image and the offset data of the virtual image detected by the image detection device 201, and acquire the wavefront distortion data detected by the wavefront sensor 2054. The wavefront distortion data is provided by the projector 2052. Distortion data of image source;

a determining unit for determining wavefront aberration based on wavefront distortion data;

The adjustment unit is used to adjust the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 based on the magnification, the distortion data of the virtual image, the offset data of the virtual image, and the wavefront aberration.

In some embodiments, the adjustment unit includes:

The first determination subunit is used to determine the target free-form surface equation, and each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is unknown;

The second determination subunit is used to determine each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation based on the magnification, the distortion data of the virtual image, the offset data of the virtual image, and the wavefront aberration;

The adjustment subunit is used to adjust the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 based on the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients, so that the reflector of the wavefront corrector 2053 is the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients. represented free-form surface.

In some embodiments, wavefront corrector 2053 includes a plurality of actuators 532 and mirrors;

The device also includes:

A sending module, configured to send control instructions to the wavefront corrector 2053 based on the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients, so that the wavefront corrector 2053 controls the positions of the plurality of actuators 532 based on the control instructions to adjust the mirror. face shape.

In some embodiments, the determining module 902 is specifically used to:

Based on the size of the virtual image and the target image size, determine the first magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053;

Based on the resolution of the virtual image and the target image resolution, determine the second magnification required by the wavefront corrector 2053;

The first magnification and the second magnification are the magnifications required by the wavefront corrector 2053 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

In some embodiments, the image distance of the projector 2052 is the minimum value within the target image distance range, which refers to the image distance range in which aberration does not occur.

In some embodiments, projector 2052 has an image distance of 90 millimeters.

It should be noted that when the device for determining the surface shape of a reflector provided in the above embodiments determines the surface shape of a reflector, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be combined as needed. The distribution is completed by different functional modules, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

In some embodiments, some embodiments of the present application provide an optical curved surface determination device, including a memory and a processor, and the processor is configured to execute the steps of the surface shape determination method of the reflector in the above embodiments.

The device for determining the surface shape of a reflector provided in the above embodiments and the embodiment of the method for determining the surface shape of a reflector belong to the same concept. The specific implementation process can be found in the method embodiments and will not be described again here.

In order to solve the technical problem of image source ratio mismatch mentioned above, another solution is provided as follows:

Figure 10 is a complete optical path diagram of a HUD provided by some embodiments of the present application. Please refer to Figure 10, in which the HUD mainly includes an image generation module 302 and an optical imaging module 304. The image generation module 302 includes a projector 3021, a first free-form surface mirror 3022 and a diffusion film 3023 arranged sequentially along the optical path. The optical imaging module 304 includes a second free-form surface reflector 303 and a third free-form surface reflector 305 arranged sequentially along the optical path. The image generation module 302 is used to provide an image source, and the optical imaging module 304 is used to project the image source provided by the image generation module 302 onto the front windshield of the vehicle to form a virtual image in front of the vehicle.

Figure 11 is a schematic structural distribution diagram of the image generation module 302 provided by some embodiments of the present application. Please refer to Figure 11, in which the projector 3021 is located on the left side of the first free-form surface reflector 3022, and the diffusion film 3023 is located on the first free-form surface reflector 3022. The upper part of the curved mirror 3022. Of course, the projector 3021 and the first free-form surface reflector 3022 in the image generation module 302 can also be placed in other forms according to actual conditions.

In some embodiments of the present application, since the image distance of the projector 3021 is fixed, the free-form surface of the first free-form mirror can be designed so that the image source projected by the projector 3021 on the diffusion film 3023 is in contact with the optical imaging module 304. The ratio of the required image source is matched to achieve the purpose of making full use of the resolution of the projector 3021, thereby avoiding the problem of image source ratio mismatch shown in Figure 1. Moreover, when the image distance of the projector 3021 is small, the volume of the image generation module 302 can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the volume of the entire HUD.

Next, the method for determining the optical free-form surface provided by some embodiments of the present application will be explained in detail.

Figure 12 is a flow chart of a method for determining an optical free-form surface provided by some embodiments of the present application. The head-up display includes an image generation module 302 and an optical imaging module 304. The image generation module 302 includes a projector 3021, a first free-form surface mirror 3022 and a diffusion film 3023 arranged sequentially along the optical path. The image distance of the projector 3021 is fixed. The optical imaging module 304 is used to project the image source provided by the image generation module 302 onto the front windshield of the vehicle to form a virtual image in front of the vehicle. It should be noted that the above description of the image generation module 302 is only an example. In actual applications, the image generation module 302 may also include other more or less components, or combine certain components, or use different component layout. Some embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

Please refer to Figure 12. The method includes the following steps.

Step 501: Determine the image source size required by the optical imaging module 304 based on the size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present and the magnification that the optical imaging module 304 can provide.

In some embodiments, the size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present includes a horizontal size and a vertical size, and the magnification that the optical imaging module 304 can provide includes a horizontal magnification and a vertical magnification. In this way, the horizontal size of the virtual image required to be presented by the HUD can be divided by the horizontal magnification of the optical imaging module 304 to obtain the horizontal size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 304. The size of the presented virtual image in the vertical direction is divided by the magnification of the optical imaging module 304 in the vertical direction to obtain the size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 304 in the vertical direction.

Among them, the size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present is set in advance. The size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present is related to the proportion of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present. This ratio refers to the horizontal position of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present. The ratio of the dimension in the direction to the dimension in the vertical direction. It is introduced in detail in the previous article and will not be expanded upon here.

It should be noted that before determining the free-form surface of the first free-form surface mirror, the optical imaging module 304 of the HUD has been designed, because the optical imaging module 304 includes the second free-form surface mirror 303 and the third free-form surface mirror. 305. Therefore, based on the magnification of the second free-form surface mirror 303 and the magnification of the third free-form surface mirror 305, the magnification that the optical imaging module 304 can provide can be determined, and the magnification includes the magnification in the horizontal direction. and vertical magnification. For example, the optical imaging module 304 has a magnification of 29.4 times in the horizontal direction and 20 times in the vertical direction.

To facilitate understanding, the process of determining the image source size required by the optical imaging module 304 is now described by taking an example. For example, the size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present is 2102 mm × 698 mm. That is, the size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present is 2102 in the horizontal direction and 698 in the vertical direction. The optical imaging module 304 has a magnification of 29.4 times in the horizontal direction and 20 times in the vertical direction. In this case, the size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 304 in the horizontal direction is 2102÷29.4≈71.5, and the size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 304 in the vertical direction is 698÷20≈35. At this time , it can be determined that the image source size required by the optical imaging module 304 is 71.5 mm × 35 mm.

It should be noted that the above description of the optical imaging module 304 is only an example. In actual applications, the optical imaging module 304 may also include other more or less components, or combine certain components, or use different component layout. Some embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

Step 502: Based on the imaging size of the projector 3021 and the image distance of the projector 3021, determine the image source size that the projector 3021 can project on the diffusion film 3023.

In some embodiments, based on the imaging size of the projector 3021 and the image distance of the projector 3021, the image source size that the projector 3021 can project on the diffusion film 3023 can be determined according to a relevant algorithm. Some embodiments of this application do not limit the algorithm.

Among them, the imaging size of the projector 3021 is set in advance and is related to the specifications of the DMD inside the projector 3021. For example, the imaging ratio of the DMD inside the projector 3021 can be 16:9. This ratio is similar to the above ratio and ensures that the image is horizontally aligned. The ratio of the dimension in the direction to the dimension in the vertical direction. And in different situations, it can also be adjusted according to different needs. The above-mentioned image distance of the projector 3021 refers to the distance between the lens vertex of the projector 3021 and the image plane. The image plane refers to the plane on which the object surface of the projector 3021 can be clearly imaged through the lens of the projector 3021.

It should be noted that the image distance of the projector 3021 is the minimum value within the target image distance range, and the target image distance range refers to the image distance range in which aberration does not occur. Among them, the target image distance range is set in advance and is related to the internal optical structural parameters of the projector 3021. As an example, the target image distance range can be set from 90 mm to 130 mm, and at this time, the image distance of the projector 3021 is 90 mm.

In some embodiments, the light beam emitted from the optical axis of the projector 3021 is reflected perpendicularly to the center of the diffusion film 3023 after being reflected by the first free-form surface mirror 3022. At this time, the image plane of the projector 3021 coincides with the diffusion film 3023. Therefore, the image distance of the projector 3021 refers to the distance traveled by the light beam propagating along the optical axis from the projector 3021 lens to the first free-form surface mirror 3022 and the vertical incidence of the light beam from the first free-form surface mirror 3022 to the diffusion film. 3023The sum of the distances traveled.

In other embodiments, considering the problem of sunlight intrusion, the light beam emitted from the lens of the projector 3021 is reflected by the first free-curved surface mirror 3022 and then is incident on the diffusion film 3023 at a certain angle, such as 8 degrees to 20 degrees. At this time, since the light beam propagating along the optical axis from the projector 3021 is incident on the diffusion film 3023 at a certain angle, the image plane of the projector 3021 does not coincide with the diffusion film 3023. Therefore, the image distance of the projector 3021 refers to the distance from the projector 3021 to the diffusion film 3023. The distance traveled by the 3021 lens from the light beam propagating along the optical axis to the first free-form surface mirror 3022 is the sum of the distance traveled by the light beam from the first free-form surface mirror 3022 to the image plane perpendicularly.

Step 503: Based on the image source size required by the optical imaging module 304 and the image source size that the projector 3021 can project on the diffusion film 3023, determine the magnification required by the first free-form surface mirror 3022.

In some embodiments, the image source size required by the optical imaging module 304 includes a horizontal size and a vertical size, and the image source size that the projector 3021 can project on the diffusion film 3023 includes a horizontal size and a vertical size. Directional size. In this way, the horizontal size of the image source required by the optical imaging module 304 can be divided by the horizontal size of the image source that the projector 3021 can project on the diffusion film 3023 to obtain the horizontal size of the first free-form mirror. The magnification required in the direction is divided by the size of the image source in the vertical direction required by the optical imaging module 304 by the size of the image source in the vertical direction that the projector 3021 can project on the diffusion film 3023 to obtain the first free The magnification required by the curved mirror in the vertical direction is determined based on the magnification required by the first free-form surface mirror in the horizontal direction and the magnification required by the first free-form surface mirror in the vertical direction. The required magnification of the first free-form surface mirror 3022 is determined of magnification.

For example, the image source size required by the optical imaging module 304 is 71.5 mm×35 mm, that is, the image source size required by the optical imaging module 304 is 71.5 in the horizontal direction and 35 in the vertical direction. The size of the image source that the projector 3021 can project on the diffusion film 3023 is 67 mm × 37.8 mm. That is, the size of the image source that the projector 3021 can project on the diffusion film 3023 is 67 mm in the horizontal direction. The vertical dimension is 37.8. In this case, the required magnification of the first free-form mirror in the horizontal direction is 71.5÷67≈1.07, and the required magnification of the first free-form mirror in the vertical direction is 35÷37.8≈0.925. At this time, you can It is determined that the required magnification of the first free-form surface mirror 3022 in the horizontal direction is 1.07 times, and the required magnification in the vertical direction is 0.925 times.

Step 504: Based on the required magnification of the first free-form surface mirror 3022, determine the free-form surface of the first free-form surface mirror 3022.

Determine the target free-form surface equation, each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is unknown, use the target polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation as variables, and determine the target free-form surface equation based on the required magnification of the first free-form surface mirror 3022 Each polynomial coefficient in , the target polynomial coefficient refers to the polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation that affects the surface magnification. The free-form surface represented by the target free-form surface equation with a known polynomial coefficient is determined as the first free-form surface mirror 3022 Freeform surface.

In some embodiments, the electronic device may display a surface type selection interface, the surface type selection interface includes a plurality of surface type information, the surface type information is used to indicate the free form surface equation that the free form surface satisfies, in response to the target surface type information Select the operation to display the parameter setting interface. The target surface type information is one of multiple surface type information included in the surface type selection interface. Obtain the number of polynomial coefficients input in the parameter setting interface, based on the target surface type information indicated. The number of polynomial coefficients entered in the free-form surface equation and parameter setting interface determines the target free-form surface equation.

Since the corresponding relationship between the surface shape information and the free-form surface equation is stored in the electronic device, in some embodiments, after the electronic device displays the surface shape selection interface, the user can select the target surface shape information from multiple face shape information as The surface shape corresponding to the free-form surface of the first free-form surface mirror 3022. At this time, the user will trigger the selection operation of the target surface shape information. The electronic device receives the selection operation of the target surface shape information triggered by the user and displays the corresponding target surface shape. At this time, the user can set the number of polynomial coefficients in the parameter setting interface. Based on the target surface shape information, the electronic device determines the free-form surface corresponding to the target surface shape from the corresponding relationship between the surface shape information and the free-form surface equation. equation, and then based on the number of polynomial coefficients and the free-form surface equation corresponding to the target surface shape information, the target free-form surface equation is determined according to the relevant algorithm.

In some embodiments, the electronic device stores a corresponding relationship between the free-form surface equation and the polynomial coefficients in the free-form surface equation that affect the surface magnification. Therefore, after determining the target free-form surface equation, the electronic device can calculate from the free-form surface equation based on the target free-form surface equation. The corresponding polynomial coefficient is determined as the target polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation from the corresponding relationship between the surface equation and the polynomial coefficient that affects the surface magnification in the free-form surface equation, and the target polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is used as a variable, and then based on The required magnification of the first free-form surface mirror 3022 is determined according to the relevant algorithm, and each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is determined, and then the free-form surface represented by the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients is determined as the first free-form surface. The free-form surface of the reflector 3022.

In other embodiments, the above-mentioned parameter setting interface is also used to set variables in the free-form surface equation. The user can set the target polynomial coefficients as variables in the target free-form surface equation through the parameter setting interface. Therefore, after the user enters the number of polynomial coefficients in the parameter setting interface, the user can also set the target polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation in the parameter setting interface. At this time, based on the target surface shape information, the electronic device determines the free-form surface equation corresponding to the target surface shape from the correspondence between the surface shape information and the free-form surface equation, and then based on the number of polynomial coefficients and the free-form surface equation corresponding to the target surface shape information. The surface equation, according to the relevant algorithm, determines the target free-form surface equation, and then based on the required magnification of the first free-form surface mirror 3022 and the target polynomial coefficient as a variable in the target free-form surface equation, according to the relevant algorithm, determines the target free-form surface equation. Each polynomial coefficient is determined, and then the free-form surface represented by the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients is determined as the free-form surface of the first free-form surface mirror 3022 .

In some embodiments, the surface type selection interface displayed by the electronic device refers to the surface type selection interface of the wavefront controller 204 mentioned above, and the free-form surface equation indicated by the extended polynomial is formula (1), and the common parts here will not be detailed. Expand description.

In some embodiments of the present application, after determining the free surface equation indicated by the extended polynomial, c and k in formula (1) are set to 0. Therefore, the electronic device determines the free surface equation indicated by the extended polynomial based on the number of polynomial coefficients and the free surface equation indicated by the extended polynomial. Surface equation, according to the relevant algorithm, the target free surface equation is determined as the following formula (3).

z＝C ₁ x+C ₂ y+C ₃ x ² +C ₄ xy+C ₅ y ² (3)

Among them, in the above formula (3), z is the sag height of the free-form surface in the z-axis direction, x is the sag height of the free-form surface in the x-axis direction, y is the sag height of the free-form surface in the y-axis direction, C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₃ , C ₄ and C ₅ are the polynomial coefficients in the free surface equation.

Because polynomial coefficients that affect the magnification of the curved surface are stored in the electronic device. Therefore, the electronic device can determine the target polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation to be C ₃ and C ₅ based on the stored polynomial coefficients that affect the surface magnification, and use C ₃ and C ₅ as variables, and then based on the first free-form surface mirror The required magnification of 3022 in the horizontal direction is 1.07 times, the required magnification in the vertical direction is 0.925 times, and the target polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation of the variable are determined according to the relevant algorithm. Each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is determined , where C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₄ are 0, C ₃ is -116.652, and C ₅ is -50.122, and the free form surface represented by the target free form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients is determined as the first free form surface reflection The free-form surface of the mirror 3022.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned examples of the surface selection interface and parameter setting interface are only to better illustrate the process of determining the free-form surface of the first free-form surface mirror 3022, and constitute a limitation on some embodiments of the present application.

The methods provided by some embodiments of the present application can be simulated through optical simulation software deployed on electronic devices.

Since the mirror in the image generation module 302 in some embodiments of the present application is a free-form surface mirror, when the image distance of the projector 3021 is fixed, the free-form surface of the first free-form surface mirror 3022 can be Design, so that the magnification of the first free-form surface mirror 3022 can meet the actual required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector 3022, so that the projector 3021 projects the image on the diffusion film 3023 through the first free-form surface reflector 3022 The source matches the ratio of the image source required by the optical imaging module 304 to achieve full-screen display, so that the resolution of the projector 3021 can be fully utilized. Moreover, through the methods provided by some embodiments of the present application, the image distance of the projector 3021 can be determined in advance, so that the appearance design of the HUD can be carried out in advance, further shortening the entire HUD design time. In addition, through the methods of some embodiments of the present application, the image distance of the projector 3021 can also be reduced, thereby reducing the distance traveled by light, making the structure of the image generation module 302 of the HUD more compact, thereby reducing the volume of the image generation module 302. This achieves the purpose of reducing the size of the entire HUD.

Based on the same inventive concept, some embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle with a head-up display (HUD) in the vehicle. The HUD includes an image generation module 302 and an optical imaging module 304. The optical imaging module 304 is used to generate the image information provided by the image generation module 302. The image source is projected onto the front windshield of the vehicle to form a virtual image in front of the vehicle; the image generation module 302 includes a projector 3021, a first free-form surface mirror 3022 and a diffusion film 3023 arranged sequentially along the optical path. The image distance of the projector 3021 is fixed.

The free-form surface of the first free-form surface mirror 3022 is determined based on the required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector 3022 , and the required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector 3022 is based on the image required by the optical imaging module 304 The source size is determined by the image source size that the projector 3021 can project on the diffusion film 3023. The image source size that the projector 3021 can project on the diffusion film 3023 is determined based on the imaging size and image distance of the projector 3021. The image source size required by the optical imaging module 304 is determined based on the size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present and the magnification that the optical imaging module 304 can provide.

It should be noted that: the determination process of the free-form surface of the first free-form surface mirror 3022 in the vehicle provided by the above-mentioned embodiments belongs to the same concept as the above-mentioned optical free-form surface determination method embodiments, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiments, here No longer.

Some embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle with a head-up display (HUD) in the vehicle. The HUD includes a processor, a memory, an image generation module and an optical imaging module. The optical imaging module is used to provide the image generation module with The image source is projected onto the front windshield of the vehicle to form a virtual image in front of the vehicle; the image generation module includes a projector, a first free-form surface reflector and a diffusion film arranged sequentially along the optical path, The image distance of the projector is fixed;

The processor is configured to:

Based on the size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present and the magnification that the optical imaging module can provide, determine the image source size required by the optical imaging module;

Based on the imaging size of the projector and the image distance, determine the image source size that the projector can project on the diffusion film;

Determine the magnification required by the first free-form surface mirror based on the image source size required by the optical imaging module and the image source size that the projector can project on the diffusion film;

The free-form surface of the first free-form surface reflector is determined based on the required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector.

In some embodiments, the processor is configured to:

Determining the free-form surface of the first free-form surface reflector based on the required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector includes:

The target polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation are used as variables, and each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is determined based on the magnification required by the first free-form surface mirror. The target polynomial coefficients refer to The polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation that affect the surface magnification;

The free-form surface represented by the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients is determined as the free-form surface of the first free-form surface mirror.

In some embodiments, the processor is configured to:

The determination of the target free-form surface equation includes:

Display a surface type selection interface, the surface type selection interface includes a plurality of surface type information, the surface type information is used to indicate the free-form surface equation that the free-form surface satisfies;

In response to a selection operation of target face shape information, a parameter setting interface is displayed, and the target face shape information is one of the plurality of face shape information;

Obtain the number of polynomial coefficients entered in the parameter setting interface;

The target free-form surface equation is determined based on the free-form surface equation indicated by the target surface shape information and the number of polynomial coefficients input in the parameter setting interface.

Please refer to the previous article for specific introduction, and will not go into details here.

Since the reflector in the image generation module in some embodiments of the present application is a free-form reflector, when the image distance of the projector is fixed, the free-form surface of the first free-form reflector can be designed to The magnification of the first free-form surface reflector can meet the actual required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector, so that the projector projects the image source on the diffusion film through the first free-form surface reflector and the required magnification of the optical imaging module. The proportions of the image sources are matched to achieve full-screen display, so that the resolution of the projector is fully utilized.

Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for determining an optical free-form surface provided by some embodiments of the present application. The device for determining an optical free-form surface can be implemented as part or all of an electronic device by software, hardware, or a combination of both. Please refer to Figure 13, the device includes: a first determination module 801, a second determination module 802, a third determination module 803 and a fourth determination module 804.

The first determination module 801 is used to determine the image source size required by the optical imaging module 304 based on the size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present and the magnification that the optical imaging module 304 can provide. For the detailed implementation process, refer to the corresponding content in each of the above embodiments, and will not be described again here.

The second determination module 802 is used to determine the image source size that the projector 3021 can project on the diffusion film 3023 based on the imaging size of the projector 3021 and the image distance of the projector 3021 . For the detailed implementation process, refer to the corresponding content in each of the above embodiments, and will not be described again here.

The third determination module 803 is used to determine the magnification required by the first free-form surface mirror 3022 based on the image source size required by the optical imaging module 304 and the image source size that the projector 3021 can project on the diffusion film 3023 . For the detailed implementation process, refer to the corresponding content in each of the above embodiments, and will not be described again here.

The fourth determination module 804 is used to determine the free-form surface of the first free-form surface reflector 3022 based on the required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector 3022 . For the detailed implementation process, refer to the corresponding content in each of the above embodiments, and will not be described again here.

In some embodiments, the fourth determination module 804 includes:

The first determination unit is used to determine the target free-form surface equation, and each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is unknown;

The second determination unit is used to use the target polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation as variables and determine each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation based on the magnification required by the first free-form surface mirror 3022. The target polynomial coefficients It refers to the polynomial coefficient that affects the surface magnification in the target free-form surface equation;

The third determination unit is used to determine the free-form surface represented by the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients as the free-form surface of the first free-form surface mirror 3022 .

In some embodiments, the first determining unit is specifically used to:

Display a surface type selection interface, which includes a plurality of surface type information, and the surface type information is used to indicate the free-form surface equation that the free-form surface satisfies;

In response to the selection operation of the target surface type information, the parameter setting interface is displayed, and the target surface type information is one of the plurality of surface type information;

Get the number of polynomial coefficients entered in the parameter setting interface;

The target free-form surface equation is determined based on the free-form surface equation indicated by the target surface shape information and the number of polynomial coefficients entered in the parameter setting interface.

In some embodiments, the image distance of the projector 3021 is the minimum value within a target image distance range, which refers to an image distance range in which aberration does not occur.

In some embodiments, projector 3021 has an image distance of 90 mm.

In some embodiments, the optical imaging module 304 includes a second free-form surface reflector 303 and a third free-form surface reflector 305 arranged sequentially along the optical path.

Since the mirror in the image generation module 302 in some embodiments of the present application is a free-form surface mirror, when the image distance of the projector 3021 is fixed, the free-form surface of the first free-form surface mirror 3022 can be Design, so that the magnification of the first free-form surface reflector 3022 can meet the actual required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector 3022, so that the projector 3021 projects the image on the diffusion film 3023 through the first free-form surface reflector 3022. The source matches the ratio of the image source required by the optical imaging module 304 to achieve full-screen display, so that the resolution of the projector 3021 can be fully utilized. Moreover, through the methods provided by some embodiments of the present application, the image distance of the projector 3021 can be determined in advance, so that the appearance design of the HUD can be carried out in advance, further shortening the entire HUD design time. In addition, through the methods of some embodiments of the present application, the image distance of the projector 3021 can also be reduced, thereby reducing the distance traveled by light, making the structure of the image generation module 302 of the HUD more compact, thereby reducing the volume of the image generation module 302. This achieves the purpose of reducing the size of the entire HUD.

It should be noted that when the device for determining the optical free-form surface provided in the above embodiments determines the free-form surface, the division of the above-mentioned functional modules is only used as an example. In practical applications, the above-mentioned functions can be allocated to different functions as needed. Module completion means dividing the internal structure of the device into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the device for determining the optical free-form surface provided in the above embodiments and the embodiment of the method for determining the optical free-form surface belong to the same concept. The specific implementation process can be found in the method embodiments and will not be described again here.

In some embodiments, some embodiments of the present application provide an optical curved surface determination device, including a memory and a processor. The processor is configured to perform the steps of the surface shape determination method of a mirror in the above embodiments. Specifically, For further details, refer to the previous description.

For convenience of explanation, the above description has been made in conjunction with specific implementation modes. However, the above discussion of some embodiments is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. Various modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The above embodiments are selected and described to better explain the principles and practical applications, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better use the embodiments and various modified embodiments suitable for specific use considerations.

Claims

A method for determining the surface shape of a reflector, applied to a wavefront controller in a HUD test system. The HUD test system also includes a HUD and an image detection device. The HUD includes an image generation module and an optical imaging module. The image The generation module includes a projector, a wavefront corrector and a diffusion film arranged sequentially along the optical path, and the image distance of the projector is fixed;

The method for determining the surface shape of the reflector includes:

Obtain the size of the virtual image detected by the image detection device and the resolution of the virtual image. The virtual image is the image source provided by the projector and is projected onto the front windshield of the vehicle. The image formed in front;

Determine the magnification required by the wavefront corrector based on the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image;

Based on the magnification, the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector is adjusted to adjust the size and resolution of the virtual image.
The method of claim 1, wherein the HUD test system further includes a wavefront sensor;

The adjusting the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector based on the magnification includes:

Obtain the distortion data of the virtual image detected by the image detection device and the offset data of the virtual image, and acquire the wavefront distortion data detected by the wavefront sensor, where the wavefront distortion data is the Distortion data of the image source provided by the projector;

determining wavefront aberration based on the wavefront distortion data;

Based on the magnification, the distortion data of the virtual image, the offset data of the virtual image and the wavefront aberration, the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector is adjusted.
The method of claim 2, wherein the reflection of the wavefront corrector is adjusted based on the magnification, the distortion data of the virtual image, the offset data of the virtual image and the wavefront aberration. Mirror surface shape, including:

Determine a target free-form surface equation, where each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is unknown;

Determine each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation based on the magnification, the distortion data of the virtual image, the offset data of the virtual image, and the wavefront aberration;

Based on the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients, the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector is adjusted so that the reflector of the wavefront corrector is characterized by the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients. free-form surface.
The method of claim 3, wherein the wavefront corrector includes a plurality of actuators and mirrors; the method further includes:

Based on the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients, a control instruction is sent to the wavefront corrector, so that the wavefront corrector controls the positions of the plurality of actuators based on the control instruction to adjust The surface shape of the reflector.
The method of claim 1, wherein determining the magnification required by the wavefront corrector based on the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image includes:

Determine a first magnification required by the wavefront corrector based on the size of the virtual image and the target image size;

Based on the resolution of the virtual image and the target image resolution, determine the second magnification required by the wavefront corrector;

Wherein, the first magnification and the second magnification are magnifications required by the wavefront corrector in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the image distance of the projector is the minimum value within a target image distance range, and the target image distance range refers to an image distance range in which aberration does not occur.
The method of claim 6, wherein the image distance of the projector is 90 mm.
A vehicle, the vehicle has a head-up display HUD, the HUD includes an image generation module and an optical imaging module, the image generation module includes a projector, a wavefront corrector and a diffusion film arranged sequentially along an optical path, the projection The image distance of the instrument is fixed;

The surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector is adjusted based on the required magnification of the wavefront corrector. The required magnification of the wavefront corrector is based on the size of the virtual image and the virtual image. The resolution is determined, and the virtual image is an image formed in front of the vehicle after the image source provided by the projector is projected onto the front windshield of the vehicle.
A vehicle includes a head-up display (HUD). The HUD includes a wavefront controller, an image generation module and an optical imaging module. The image generation module includes a projector, a wavefront corrector and a diffusion film arranged sequentially along an optical path. The image distance of the above projector is fixed;

The wavefront controller is configured as:

Obtain the size of the virtual image detected by the image detection device and the resolution of the virtual image. The virtual image is the image source provided by the projector and is projected onto the front windshield of the vehicle. The image formed in front;

Determine the magnification required by the wavefront corrector based on the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image;

Based on the magnification, the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector is adjusted to adjust the size and resolution of the virtual image.
The vehicle of claim 9, further comprising a wavefront sensor,

The wavefront controller is configured as:

The adjusting the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector based on the magnification includes:

Obtain the distortion data of the virtual image detected by the image detection device and the offset data of the virtual image, and acquire the wavefront distortion data detected by the wavefront sensor, where the wavefront distortion data is the Distortion data of the image source provided by the projector;

determining wavefront aberration based on the wavefront distortion data;

Based on the magnification, the distortion data of the virtual image, the offset data of the virtual image and the wavefront aberration, the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector is adjusted.
The vehicle of claim 10, said wavefront controller configured to:

The adjustment of the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector based on the magnification, the distortion data of the virtual image, the offset data of the virtual image and the wavefront aberration includes:

Determine a target free-form surface equation, where each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is unknown;

Determine each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation based on the magnification, the distortion data of the virtual image, the offset data of the virtual image, and the wavefront aberration;

Based on the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients, the surface shape of the reflector of the wavefront corrector is adjusted so that the reflector of the wavefront corrector is characterized by the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients. free-form surface.
The vehicle of claim 11 , the wavefront corrector including a plurality of actuators and mirrors; the wavefront controller is configured to:

Based on the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients, a control instruction is sent to the wavefront corrector, so that the wavefront corrector controls the positions of the plurality of actuators based on the control instruction to adjust The surface shape of the reflector.
The vehicle of claim 10, said wavefront controller configured to:

Determining the magnification required by the wavefront corrector based on the size of the virtual image and the resolution of the virtual image includes:

Determine a first magnification required by the wavefront corrector based on the size of the virtual image and the target image size;

Based on the resolution of the virtual image and the target image resolution, determine the second magnification required by the wavefront corrector;

Wherein, the first magnification and the second magnification are magnifications required by the wavefront corrector in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
A method for determining an optical free-form surface, applied to a head-up display (HUD). The HUD includes an image generation module and an optical imaging module. The optical imaging module is used to project the image source provided by the image generation module to the front of the vehicle. on the windshield to form a virtual image in front of the vehicle; the image generation module includes a projector, a first free-form surface reflector and a diffusion film arranged sequentially along the optical path, and the image distance of the projector is fixed;

The methods include:

Based on the size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present and the magnification that the optical imaging module can provide, determine the image source size required by the optical imaging module;

Based on the imaging size of the projector and the image distance, determine the image source size that the projector can project on the diffusion film;

Determine the magnification required by the first free-form surface mirror based on the image source size required by the optical imaging module and the image source size that the projector can project on the diffusion film;

The free-form surface of the first free-form surface reflector is determined based on the required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector.
The method of claim 14, wherein determining the free-form surface of the first free-form surface reflector based on the required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector includes:

Determine a target free-form surface equation, where each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is unknown;

The target polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation are used as variables, and each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is determined based on the magnification required by the first free-form surface mirror. The target polynomial coefficients refer to The polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation that affect the surface magnification;

The free-form surface represented by the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients is determined as the free-form surface of the first free-form surface mirror.
The method of claim 15, wherein determining the target free surface equation includes:

Display a surface type selection interface, the surface type selection interface includes a plurality of surface type information, the surface type information is used to indicate the free-form surface equation that the free-form surface satisfies;

In response to a selection operation of target face shape information, a parameter setting interface is displayed, and the target face shape information is one of the plurality of face shape information;

Obtain the number of polynomial coefficients entered in the parameter setting interface;

The target free-form surface equation is determined based on the free-form surface equation indicated by the target surface shape information and the number of polynomial coefficients input in the parameter setting interface.
The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the image distance of the projector is the minimum value within a target image distance range, and the target image distance range refers to an image distance range in which aberration does not occur.
A vehicle has a head-up display (HUD) in the vehicle. The HUD includes an image generation module and an optical imaging module. The optical imaging module is used to project the image source provided by the image generation module to the front block of the vehicle. on the windglass to form a virtual image in front of the vehicle; the image generation module includes a projector, a first free-form surface reflector and a diffusion film arranged sequentially along the optical path, and the image distance of the projector is fixed;

The free-form surface of the first free-form surface reflector is determined based on the required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector. The required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector is based on the required magnification of the optical imaging module. The required image source size and the image source size that the projector can project on the diffusion film are determined. The image source size that the projector can project on the diffusion film is based on the size of the projector. The imaging size and the image distance are determined, and the image source size required by the optical imaging module is determined based on the size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present and the magnification that the optical imaging module can provide.
The vehicle of claim 18, wherein the image distance of the projector is 90 mm.
The vehicle according to claim 18, the optical imaging module includes a second free-form surface reflector and a third free-form surface reflector arranged sequentially along the optical path.
A vehicle has a head-up display (HUD) in the vehicle. The HUD includes a processor, a memory, an image generation module and an optical imaging module. The optical imaging module is used to project the image source provided by the image generation module to the on the front windshield of the vehicle to form a virtual image in front of the vehicle; the image generation module includes a projector, a first free-form surface reflector and a diffusion film arranged sequentially along the optical path. The image of the projector The distance is fixed;

The processor is configured to:

Based on the size of the virtual image that the HUD needs to present and the magnification that the optical imaging module can provide, determine the image source size required by the optical imaging module;

Based on the imaging size of the projector and the image distance, determine the image source size that the projector can project on the diffusion film;

Determine the magnification required by the first free-form surface mirror based on the image source size required by the optical imaging module and the image source size that the projector can project on the diffusion film;

The free-form surface of the first free-form surface reflector is determined based on the required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector.
The vehicle of claim 21, said processor configured to:

Determining the free-form surface of the first free-form surface reflector based on the required magnification of the first free-form surface reflector includes:

Determine a target free-form surface equation, where each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is unknown;

The target polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation are used as variables, and each polynomial coefficient in the target free-form surface equation is determined based on the magnification required by the first free-form surface mirror. The target polynomial coefficients refer to The polynomial coefficients in the target free-form surface equation that affect the surface magnification;

The free-form surface represented by the target free-form surface equation with known polynomial coefficients is determined as the free-form surface of the first free-form surface mirror.
The vehicle of claim 22, said processor configured to:

The determination of the target free-form surface equation includes:

Display a surface type selection interface, the surface type selection interface includes a plurality of surface type information, the surface type information is used to indicate the free-form surface equation that the free-form surface satisfies;

In response to a selection operation of target face shape information, a parameter setting interface is displayed, and the target face shape information is one of the plurality of face shape information;

Obtain the number of polynomial coefficients entered in the parameter setting interface;

The target free-form surface equation is determined based on the free-form surface equation indicated by the target surface shape information and the number of polynomial coefficients input in the parameter setting interface.