WO2023239017A1

WO2023239017A1 - Electric vehicle charging system in parking lot

Info

Publication number: WO2023239017A1
Application number: PCT/KR2023/003245
Authority: WO
Inventors: 박인석; 박진영
Original assignee: 박인석; 공주대학교 산학협력단
Priority date: 2022-06-08
Filing date: 2023-03-09
Publication date: 2023-12-14
Also published as: KR20230168722A

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electric vehicle charging system in a parking lot which, since it is expected that there will be increased use of charging for electric vehicles in apartments or workplaces or the like, enables charging of an electric vehicle at any time at a time and a place desired by a user, without additional charging facilities in the parking lot of a building, wherein the electric vehicle charging system comprises: electrical equipment provided in the parking lot; a battery charging module that comprises a rechargeable battery and that charges the electric vehicle by applying a voltage charged in the rechargeable battery to a battery of the electric vehicle; a charger which is connected to the rechargeable battery of the battery charging module and converts power applied from the electrical equipment into DC voltage and applies same to the rechargeable battery of the battery charging module; and a control module which monitors whether a load of the electrical equipment is lower than a preset reference value or corresponds to a preset time period when the frequency of use of the electrical equipment is low, and performs control such that power from the electrical equipment is transferred to the charger when an event under conditions in which charging is possible occurs.

Description

Electric vehicle charging system in parking lot

The present invention relates to an electric vehicle charging system in a parking lot. More specifically, it is expected that there will be a lot of charging use of electric vehicles in apartments and workplaces, so a parking lot where users can charge at any time and place without additional electrical equipment in the parking lot of a building. It's about my electric vehicle charging system.

Recently, the distribution of eco-friendly electric vehicles has been expanding to reduce greenhouse gases and phase out coal. Accordingly, interest in electric vehicle charging infrastructure is rapidly increasing.

However, currently charging stations for electric vehicles are very limited compared to gas stations. Users who own electric vehicles often have inconvenience in using electric vehicles because there are no electric vehicle charging stations nearby, or even if there are, they often do not know where they are located or whether charging is possible.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing a general charging of an electric vehicle battery.

As shown in Figure 1, users who own electric vehicles use electric vehicle charging stations to charge the batteries of their electric vehicles. In general, there is a high probability that users charge their electric vehicles at their residence or workplace, where they spend the most time.

In the case of apartments, electric vehicle charging stations are installed on pillars and walls in parking lots, or are provided by connecting electric cables for charging electric vehicles to fire extinguishing (emergency) equipment that is not usually used.

However, as the number of users owning electric vehicles increases, the number of users trying to use charging stations increases, and as a result, it is difficult for users to charge during rush hours or they have to pay expensive charging fees even if they do.

In particular, in apartment complexes where many residents live, parking is difficult and charging becomes more difficult when parking is far from the charging station.

To solve this problem, it is necessary to install additional electrical equipment such as transformers and faucet facilities in apartment complexes. In particular, there is a problem in that it is difficult to meet the electric capacity for charging electric vehicles in underdeveloped apartments or apartment complexes.

Meanwhile, in addition to the charging infrastructure problems mentioned above in relation to electric vehicles, there are problems related to waste batteries.

Generally, the battery life of an electric vehicle is about 6 to 10 years. After charging about 500 times, performance deteriorates, such as shorter driving distance and slower charging speed. Typically, when the remaining capacity decreases to 80% or less of the initial capacity, the life of an electric vehicle battery comes to an end. Therefore, as the spread of electric vehicles expands, the amount of waste battery emissions will also increase.

However, although electric vehicles are considered an eco-friendly industry, waste batteries are made up of organic materials such as lithium, nickel, and cobalt as raw materials, so they are very harmful to the environment when landfilled or incinerated. Therefore, governments in each country, including Korea, classify batteries as hazardous materials. there is.

For this reason, there is a need for a method to recycle or reuse waste batteries.

The present invention was conceived in response to the above-described problem, and the technical problem of the present invention is that it is expected that there will be a lot of charging use of electric vehicles in apartments and workplaces, so the user can do so at the time and place the user wants without additional substation and power supply facilities in the parking lot of a building or public parking lot. The goal is to provide an electric vehicle charging system in the parking lot that allows charging at any time.

In addition, another technical object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle battery charging device that can charge the battery of an electric vehicle using a waste battery removed from the vehicle.

In addition, another technical task of the present invention is to contribute to the eco-friendly industry and reduce battery costs by using expired waste batteries as rechargeable batteries to power electric vehicles.

The technical problems to be achieved in the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. You will be able to.

In order to solve the above technical problems, an electric vehicle charging system in a parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention includes electrical equipment provided in the parking lot; a battery charging module that includes a rechargeable battery and charges the electric vehicle by applying the voltage charged in the rechargeable battery to the battery of the electric vehicle; A charger connected to the rechargeable battery of the battery charging module and converting the power applied from the electric equipment into direct current voltage and applying it to the rechargeable battery of the battery charging module; And monitor whether the load of the electrical equipment is lower than a preset standard or falls within a preset time period when the frequency of use of the electrical equipment is low, and when an event that enables charging occurs, transfers the power of the electrical equipment to the charger. Includes a control module that controls

The control module of the electric vehicle charging system in the parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention operates by monitoring whether the load of the electric equipment is lower than a preset standard value and corresponds to a preset time period when the frequency of use of the electric equipment is low. By assigning different weights to the method of monitoring and operating, when an event with a high weight condition occurs, power from the electrical equipment can be controlled to be transferred to the charger.

The electric vehicle charging system in a parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a switching connection unit that switches the electrical connection between the charger and the electric equipment, and the control module is configured to operate when an event of the charging possible condition occurs. The switching connection can be turned on to control the power of the electric equipment to be applied to the charger, and otherwise, the switching connection can be controlled to be turned off.

In addition, the battery charging module according to an embodiment of the present invention has one end connected in series with the rechargeable battery and the other end connected to the electric vehicle battery, and a current is supplied to the circuit connected in series with the rechargeable battery by supply of external power. It further includes a converter control unit that controls the charging operation so that the charging voltage charged in the rechargeable battery is applied to the electric vehicle battery, wherein the rechargeable battery has a voltage state that is more fully charged than the electric vehicle battery.

Additionally, the battery charging module according to an embodiment of the present invention is removable from the charger, making it easy to carry.

Additionally, the rechargeable battery according to an embodiment of the present invention can recycle spent batteries that have reached the end of their life as power for electric vehicles.

According to this embodiment of the present invention, as it is expected that there will be a lot of charging use of electric vehicles, the rechargeable battery is charged within the parking lot of a building or public place during times (day or late at night) when the use of existing transformers and electrical facilities is low. By allowing the electric vehicle to be charged using an already fully charged rechargeable battery when the user needs to charge it, the user can charge it at any time they want without having to wait.

In particular, according to an embodiment of the present invention, if multiple rechargeable batteries are provided and only charged in advance during times when the use of electric facilities is low, there is a burden of building additional charging facilities due to insufficient capacity of the substation and power receiving facilities required for charging. It has the effect of being able to be used inexpensively even during peak power hours.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is a significant effect that a user can carry a rechargeable battery and charge it at a desired location or parking surface even if it is not a parking surface where a charger is installed.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is a significant effect of contributing to an eco-friendly industry and reducing battery costs by recycling waste batteries that have reached the end of their life as electric vehicle power for charging electric vehicle batteries.

Figure 2 is a configuration diagram showing an electric vehicle charging system in a parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a configuration diagram showing the converter control unit of the battery charging module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a flowchart for explaining a charging method in a system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a flowchart for explaining a method of charging a rechargeable battery using a battery charging module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

The electric vehicle charging system in the parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention includes electrical equipment 500 in the parking lot, a control module 400, a charger 300, an electric vehicle battery 200, and a plurality of battery charging modules 100. .

Electrical equipment 500 includes transformers and power supply facilities installed in buildings where electric vehicle charging is expected to be frequent, such as apartments, apartments, and workplaces, and in parking lots of public places (parks, public parking lots, etc.).

Here, the electrical equipment 500 may be designed in the substation room to monitor the status of the electrical equipment 500 in conjunction with the control module 400. The electric installation 500 for this purpose may be newly constructed in the relevant building or public place, but is not limited to this, and existing electric installations of KEPCO may be applied as is.

The plurality of battery charging modules 100 each include a rechargeable battery 110, and basically charge the electric vehicle by applying the voltage charged in the rechargeable battery 110 to the electric vehicle battery 200. These multiple battery charging modules 100 may be provided as a single package module that is easy for users to carry.

A plurality of battery charging modules 100 are normally connected to the electric equipment 500 in the parking lot and are charged during off-peak hours. After charging is completed, they are separated from the electric equipment 500, and when charging is necessary, the electric vehicle battery Connect to (200) to charge the electric vehicle. Here, the electric vehicle battery 200 refers to a plurality of battery cells provided in an electric vehicle.

Specifically, the plurality of battery charging modules 100 include a rechargeable battery 110, a converter control unit 120, and an external power source 130. These configurations can be said to be control configurations for safely charging from the rechargeable battery 110 to the electric vehicle battery 200, that is, through serial connection between batteries. This is explained in detail below.

The charger 300 is connected to each of the rechargeable batteries 110 of the plurality of battery charging modules 100, converts the power applied from the electrical equipment 500 into direct current voltage, and applies it to the battery charging module 100. The power applied from the electrical equipment 500 is AC power, and the charger 300 rectifies it into DC voltage.

The control module 400 monitors the load status of the electric equipment 500, and when the load of the electric equipment 500 is lower than a preset standard value, for example, the load of the electric equipment 500 is lowered to 30% or less. In this case, it is determined that there is little use of electricity, and the power of the electric equipment 500 is controlled to be applied to the charger 300. That is, the purpose is to monitor when there is no electricity use of the electrical equipment 500 and to pre-charge the rechargeable battery 110 when the load of electricity use is low.

In another embodiment, the control module 400 sets a time zone in which it is determined that the frequency of use of the electrical equipment 500 will be low, and controls the power of the electrical equipment 500 to be applied to the charger 300 when the time period arrives. can do. Here, time zones that are judged to have low usage frequency may include daytime hours (eg, 12:00 to 2:00), late-night time zones (1:00 to 4:00 a.m.), etc. Alternatively, it can be designated as a morning time slot depending on the charging usage characteristics of the building or public space. Alternatively, it can be divided by day of the week and designated as daytime and late-night time slots on weekdays, excluding weekends when electricity usage is high.

Usually, electricity use is low during the day, but in the case of parking lots close to tourist attractions, charging use may be high during the day. Additionally, the parking lot of a building with a franchise store that operates late at night may have less electricity use in the morning. The time zone can be designated by considering the charging usage characteristics of these buildings or public places.

In another embodiment, the control module 400 may be controlled by using a combination of the above time zone setting method and a method according to the load state of the electrical equipment 500. At this time, with respect to the two methods, more weight may be assigned to one method, and if a condition with a higher weight is met, power from the electrical equipment 500 may be applied to the charger 300.

As an example, the control module 400 may be designed to give more weight to the load state of the electrical equipment 500 and operate when the load on the electrical equipment 500 is low even if it arrives at a set time. Alternatively, if charging is possible both during the day and late at night, it can be designed to operate during late night. Charging power charges are usually low during late-night hours, so charging can be done inexpensively. Alternatively, it can be designed to operate when the load on the electrical equipment 500 is low even if it is not in the set time period.

Accordingly, the electric vehicle charging system in the parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention can directly charge the electric vehicle through the electric equipment 500 in the parking lot (A), but takes into account the load state of the electric equipment 500 It is characterized by charging the battery charging module 100 in advance when the load is low, and then charging the electric vehicle using the fully charged battery charging module 100 during busy times in the parking lot or when charging is needed.

Accordingly, if a number of battery charging modules 100 are added according to user demand, charging will be possible at any time and place desired by the user without building additional electrical equipment.

At this time, the electric vehicle charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a switching connector 420 that switches the electrical connection between the charger 300 and the electrical equipment 500. Accordingly, the switching connection unit 420 performs an on or off operation under the control of the control module 400.

For example, the control module 400 monitors whether the load of the electrical equipment 500 is lower than a preset standard or if it falls within a time period when the frequency of use of the electrical equipment 500 is low, and when an event that enables charging occurs, The control module 400 may transmit a control signal to turn on the switching connector 420, and may otherwise transmit a control signal to turn off the switching connector 420. Both wired and wireless delivery methods can be applied.

When the switching connection 420 is turned on, the charger 300 and the electrical equipment 500 are electrically connected, and the power of the electrical equipment 500 is applied to the charger 300, and when the switching connection 420 is turned off, the charger ( 300) and the electrical equipment 500 are insulated and the charging operation is stopped.

After charging is completed, the battery charging module 100 is separated from the electrical equipment 500 or the charger 300, and when the battery charging module 100 is connected to the electric vehicle battery 200, it charges the electric vehicle as if it functions as an auxiliary battery. It plays a role.

Specifically, the battery charging module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is designed to include a rechargeable battery 110, a converter control unit 120, and an external power source 130.

At this time, the rechargeable battery 110 must always be in a fully charged state. Therefore, when the battery charging module 100 is turned on, current does not flow in the reverse direction and charging can occur from the rechargeable battery 110 in the battery charging module 100 to the electric vehicle battery 200.

In addition, the rechargeable battery 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention can recycle a spent battery that has reached the end of its life as a power source for an electric vehicle. However, it is not limited to this, and as long as it can charge a high-voltage battery, it can be applied regardless of the type. The rechargeable battery 110 may be provided to be detachable from the battery charging module 100.

Here, a waste battery that has reached the end of its life as a power source for an electric vehicle generally refers to a battery in which the remaining capacity of the battery has been reduced to 80% or less of the initial capacity.

Due to the recent expansion of electric vehicles and the increase in battery capacity, the number of waste batteries discharged in the next few years is expected to increase dramatically. Therefore, recycling of waste batteries is urgent, and the present invention provides a solution to this problem.

The external power supply 130 supplies power necessary for the operation of the converter control unit 120, that is, AC power or DC power. The external power source 130 can use power using an external electrical outlet, that is, AC power supplied to each home, or a small-capacity battery can be used by using a small-capacity DC/DC converter.

The converter control unit 120 controls the current flowing between the rechargeable battery 110 and the electric vehicle battery 200 when charging is connected to prevent excessive current from flowing. To this end, the converter control unit 120 may preset a target current value applied from the rechargeable battery 110 to the electric vehicle battery 200. Additionally, this target current value can be set to the target current value desired by the user.

In particular, the converter control unit 120 according to an embodiment of the present invention has one output terminal, which is the (+) terminal, connected to the rechargeable battery 110, and the other output terminal, which is the (-) terminal, is connected to the electric vehicle battery 200. The rechargeable battery 110 and the electric vehicle battery 200 are connected in series. Then, the converter control unit 120 applies the current generated by the supply of the external power source 130 to a closed circuit connected in series with the rechargeable battery 110, thereby increasing the charging voltage of the rechargeable battery 110 to the electric vehicle battery 200. Controls the charging operation appropriately.

At this time, the converter control unit 120 may operate to gradually increase the current value and limit it through current control (CC mode) or maintain a constant voltage (CV mode) to prevent excessive current from flowing in a series-connected closed circuit. .

Specifically, the converter control unit 120 operates in CC (Constant Current) mode at the beginning of charging by applying current, and operates in merge mode that switches to CV (Constant Voltage) when the electric vehicle battery is fully charged. CC mode limits the target current value through current control to prevent excessive current from flowing into the battery, while CV mode outputs a constant voltage to maintain the voltage. In these two modes, the current and voltage values for current control and voltage maintenance can be set in the converter control unit 120.

When a charging current flows through the circuit connected between the rechargeable battery 110 and the electric vehicle battery 200 through the converter control unit 120 that operates in this way, the charging voltage of the rechargeable battery 110 is applied to the electric vehicle battery 100. And through this, the electric vehicle battery 200 is charged.

Normally, when fast charging at an electric vehicle charging station, a charging power of about 50 kw is applied. To connect a battery applying such excessive charging power (meaning a rechargeable battery) and a vehicle battery (meaning an electric vehicle battery), a large capacity device is required. A converter must be provided. This can be a price burden due to the high unit cost. However, the converter control unit 120 using current control according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied even with a small capacity, thereby reducing equipment cost.

Figure 3 is a detailed configuration diagram of the converter control unit.

The converter control unit 120 largely includes a detection unit 122 and a control unit 124. In addition, the converter control unit 120 may basically include a function of rectifying AC or DC power applied from an external power source, a function of converting the rectified power to DC power, and an overcurrent protection function.

The detection unit 122 detects the current applied to the rechargeable battery 110 from the rectified direct current power source.

The control unit 124 monitors whether the current detected through the detection unit 122 exceeds the preset target current value, and operates in CC mode so as not to exceed the preset target current value, thereby maintaining the current applied to the rechargeable battery 110. Print out. Additionally, the control unit 124 operates in CV mode when the voltage reaches a preset fully charged voltage or when the electric vehicle battery 200 is fully charged and outputs a preset voltage value so that a constant voltage is applied.

This control unit 124 includes an overcurrent LC circuit that limits excessive current and can be controlled through this.

In this way, the converter control unit 120 according to an embodiment of the present invention performs a hybrid operation in CC mode or CV mode depending on the current. It charges through current control at the beginning of charging before exceeding the target current value, and then charges when charging is completed. By operating to keep the voltage constant when the target current value is reached, damage occurring when charging the battery can be minimized.

Based on the above system configuration, a method for charging an electric vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining a charging method in a system according to an embodiment of the present invention, which will be described with reference to the components of FIG. 2.

First, the electric equipment 500 in the parking lot is connected to a plurality of battery charging modules 100, and for charging, the control module 400 of the electric vehicle charging system monitors the usage capacity, that is, the load status, of the electric equipment 500 in the parking lot. Do it (S10). Alternatively, the control module 400 may set the time zone in advance and monitor whether the time zone is set.

As a result of monitoring, when the load on the electrical equipment is low or when it arrives at a preset time, the control module 400 controls the power of the electrical equipment 500 to be transmitted to the charger 300, thereby controlling the battery charging module 100. Start charging (S20).

Here, a method of controlling the control module 400 to transmit the power of the electrical equipment 500 to the charger 300 includes a switching connection unit 420 that switches the electrical connection between the electrical equipment 500 and the charger 300. ) can be implemented by turning it on and off.

That is, when a charging event occurs as a result of monitoring of the control module 400, the control module 400 transmits a control signal wired or wirelessly to turn on the switching connection 420, so that the power of the electrical equipment 500 is transferred to the charger 300. ) to be approved.

Next, when charging of the battery charging module 100 is completed or the load of the electrical equipment 500 is high, the control module 400 transmits a control signal wired or wirelessly to turn off the switching connection 420 (S30).

In an embodiment of the present invention, a charging event may occur according to a set time period or day of the week, including when the load state of the electrical equipment 500 is lower than a preset standard value.

In the above charging operation (S20), the charging process of the battery charging module 100 specifically includes the processes shown in FIG. 5.

In the first S100 step, the battery charging module containing the rechargeable battery is connected to the electric vehicle to electrically connect the rechargeable battery and the electric vehicle battery. At this time, the battery charging module has one output end ((+) terminal) of the converter control unit connected in series to the rechargeable battery, and the other output end ((-) terminal) of the converter control unit is connected to the electric vehicle battery.

Next, external power is supplied to the converter control unit within the battery charging module to apply current to the circuit connected between the rechargeable battery and the electric vehicle battery.

Next, the converter control unit controls the charging operation so that the charging voltage of the rechargeable battery is applied to the electric vehicle battery.

For example, in step S110, the detector of the converter control unit detects the current applied to the vehicle battery.

As in the next step S120, the control unit of the converter control unit monitors whether the detected current exceeds the preset target current value.

Through monitoring, the converter control unit controls operation in CC mode as in step S130 so that the detected current does not exceed the preset maximum target value. Therefore, the converter control unit limits the current applied to the rechargeable battery so that it does not exceed the target current value, and outputs the charging current as is if it is less than the target current value.

As in the following step S150, when charging of the electric vehicle battery is completed through monitoring, the converter control unit controls the operation in CV mode.

As in the next step S160, the converter control unit outputs the charging voltage applied to the rechargeable battery as a preset voltage value and controls the operation to maintain a constant voltage. In CV mode, the voltage is controlled to be constant and the current gradually decreases as charging progresses.

Through these processes, the battery charging module can prevent overcurrent from being applied due to voltage differences between different batteries. Therefore, damage caused by overcurrent can be prevented.

Above, embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the attached drawings, but those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without changing its technical idea or essential features. You will be able to understand it. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.

The present invention can charge an electric vehicle through a connection between a rechargeable battery connected in series with a converter and the battery of an electric vehicle, so the battery of an electric vehicle can be charged even at low power, and the user can charge it by simply providing several fully charged rechargeable batteries. Since it is possible to charge at any time and place without waiting at a charging station, it is highly likely to be used industrially, such as in the electric vehicle charging market or battery rental market. In particular, rechargeable batteries can be used as waste batteries, contributing to an eco-friendly industry and reducing battery costs.

Claims

Electrical equipment provided in the parking lot;

a battery charging module that includes a rechargeable battery and charges the electric vehicle by applying the voltage charged in the rechargeable battery to the battery of the electric vehicle;

A charger connected to the rechargeable battery of the battery charging module and converting the power applied from the electric equipment into direct current voltage and applying it to the rechargeable battery of the battery charging module; and

Monitor whether the load of the electrical equipment is lower than a preset standard or falls within a preset time period when the frequency of use of the electrical equipment is low, and when an event that enables charging occurs, transfer the power of the electrical equipment to the charger. a control module that controls;

An electric vehicle charging system in a parking lot that includes.
According to claim 1,

The control module is,

Different weights are assigned to a method of operating by monitoring whether the load of the electrical equipment is lower than a preset standard value and a method of operating by monitoring whether the frequency of use of the electrical equipment falls within a preset time period, so that an event with a high weight is applied. An electric vehicle charging system in a parking lot, characterized in that it is controlled to transfer power from the electrical equipment to the charger when generated.
According to claim 1,

It further includes a switching connection unit that switches the electrical connection between the charger and the electrical equipment,

The control module is,

An electric vehicle charging system in a parking lot, wherein when an event of the chargeable condition occurs, the switching connection is turned on to control the power of the electric equipment to be applied to the charger, and in other cases, the switching connection is turned off.
According to claim 1,

The battery charging module is,

One end is connected in series with the rechargeable battery and the other end is connected to the electric vehicle battery, and by supplying external power, a current is applied to a circuit connected in series with the rechargeable battery, so that the charging voltage charged in the rechargeable battery is adjusted to the electric vehicle battery. It further includes a converter control unit that controls the charging operation to be applied to the battery,

An electric vehicle charging system in a parking lot, wherein the rechargeable battery has a more fully charged voltage than the electric vehicle battery.
According to claim 1,

The battery charging module is,

An electric vehicle charging system in a parking lot, characterized in that it is removable from the charger and is easy to carry.
According to claim 1,

The rechargeable battery is an electric vehicle charging system in a parking lot, characterized in that it recycles spent batteries that have reached the end of their life as electric vehicle power.