WO2023238233A1

WO2023238233A1 - Shell-and-tube type heat exchanger, and refrigeration cycle device

Info

Publication number: WO2023238233A1
Application number: PCT/JP2022/022945
Authority: WO
Inventors: 亮築山
Original assignee: 三菱電機株式会社
Priority date: 2022-06-07
Filing date: 2022-06-07
Publication date: 2023-12-14

Abstract

A distribution part of this shell-and-tube type heat exchanger includes a first distribution plate and a second distribution plate. In the first distribution plate, formed are: one or a plurality of first recesses that are provided on a first distribution surface and are recessed in a first direction; and a plurality of first holes that are provided in each of the one or plurality of first recesses and that penetrate the first distribution plate. The plurality of first holes are positioned differently from each other in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. In the second distribution plate, formed are: a plurality of second recesses that are provided on a second distribution surface and are recessed in the first direction; and a plurality of hole groups that include a plurality of second holes provided in each of the plurality of second recesses and that penetrate the second distribution plate. The plurality of second holes included in each of the plurality of hole groups are positioned differently from each other in a third direction orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction. One of the plurality of second recesses is positioned in a projection region in which the plurality of first holes of the first distribution plate are projected on the second distribution plate.

Description

Shell and tube heat exchanger and refrigeration cycle equipment

The present disclosure relates to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a refrigeration cycle device.

A shell-and-tube heat exchanger is known as a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a refrigerant and a heat medium such as water or brine. In a shell and tube heat exchanger, a plurality of heat transfer tubes are inserted into a shell, and heat exchange is performed between a heat medium in the shell and a refrigerant flowing through the plurality of heat transfer tubes. Patent Document 1 discloses a shell-and-tube heat exchanger equipped with a refrigerant flow divider provided on the inlet side of a plurality of heat exchanger tubes as a configuration for evenly distributing refrigerant to a plurality of heat exchanger tubes. There is. The refrigerant flow divider disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a cylindrical member that is open on the refrigerant inlet side and sealed at the other end, and has a plurality of refrigerant outlet holes in the circumferential direction of the cylinder. This refrigerant flow divider is arranged within the shell so as to provide a space between the refrigerant flow divider and the inlets of the plurality of heat transfer tubes, through which the refrigerant flows. When the refrigerant flows into the refrigerant divider, the flow direction of the inflowing refrigerant is changed in the circumferential direction by the sealed end of the refrigerant divider, and then exits from the plurality of refrigerant outlet holes of the refrigerant divider to fill the space. flow and then into each heat transfer tube.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-200885

In the shell-and-tube heat exchanger described in Patent Document 1, a space for changing the flow direction of the refrigerant is provided in a cylindrical refrigerant flow divider, and a space is also provided between the refrigerant flow divider and the heat transfer tubes. Is required. Therefore, the volume of the refrigerant flow divider and the space between the refrigerant flow divider and the heat transfer tubes increases, resulting in an increase in the size of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

The present disclosure has been made against the background of the above-mentioned problems, and provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a refrigeration cycle device that can downsize a distribution section that distributes refrigerant to heat transfer tubes.

A shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to the present disclosure includes a shell to which a fluid inlet pipe and a fluid outlet pipe are connected, and a plurality of shells housed in the shell, through which a refrigerant flows in a first direction from each inlet to an outlet. heat exchanger tubes, and a distribution section that is housed in the shell and that distributes refrigerant from the refrigerant inlet pipes to the inlets of the plurality of heat exchanger tubes, the distribution section having a first distribution section perpendicular to the first direction. a first distribution plate having a surface, and a second distribution plate having a second distribution surface perpendicular to the first direction and provided between the first distribution plate and the inlets of the plurality of heat exchanger tubes; The first distribution plate has one or more first recesses provided on the first distribution surface and recessed in the first direction, and one or more first recesses provided in each of the one or more first recesses, a plurality of first holes penetrating the first distribution plate, the plurality of first holes are at different positions in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the second distribution plate from a plurality of second recesses provided in the second distribution surface and recessed in the first direction, and a plurality of second holes provided in each of the plurality of second recesses and penetrating the second distribution plate. A plurality of hole groups are formed, and the plurality of second holes included in each of the plurality of hole groups have mutually different positions in a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. and one of the plurality of second recesses is located in a projection area in which the plurality of first holes of the first distribution plate are projected onto the second distribution plate.

A refrigeration cycle device according to the present disclosure includes a compressor that compresses refrigerant, a radiator that radiates heat from the refrigerant that flows out from the compressor, an expansion mechanism that reduces the pressure of the refrigerant that flows out from the radiator, and an expansion mechanism that depressurizes the refrigerant that flows out from the expansion mechanism. an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant, the evaporator being the shell-and-tube heat exchanger described above.

According to the present disclosure, the distribution unit that distributes refrigerant to the inlets of a plurality of heat exchanger tubes can be made smaller compared to the conventional one.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle device 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger 10 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a heat exchanger 10 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is an exploded view of main parts according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the distribution section 3 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a developed view of a refrigerant inlet cover 15A, a distribution section 3A, and an inlet side tube plate 17 according to a second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a developed view of a refrigerant inlet cover 15B and a distribution section 3B according to Embodiment 3. 7 is a diagram illustrating the shape of a sub-plate recess 72 according to Embodiment 3. FIG. FIG. 7 is a developed view of a refrigerant inlet cover 15C and a distribution section 3C according to Embodiment 4. FIG. 7 is a developed view of a refrigerant inlet cover 15D and a distribution section 3D according to Embodiment 5. FIG. 7 is a developed view of a distribution section 3E according to a sixth embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the shape of a sub-plate recess 62F according to Embodiment 7. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the shape of a sub-plate recess 62G according to Embodiment 8.

Hereinafter, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a refrigeration cycle device according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. The present disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present disclosure. Further, the present disclosure includes all combinations of configurations that can be combined among the configurations shown in the following embodiments. Furthermore, the refrigeration cycle device shown in the drawings is an example of equipment to which the refrigeration cycle device of the present disclosure is applied, and the refrigeration cycle device shown in the drawings is not intended to limit the equipment to which the present disclosure is applied. . In addition, in the following explanation, terms indicating directions (for example, "upper", "lower", "right", "left", "front", "rear", etc.) are used as appropriate to facilitate understanding. These are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Furthermore, in each figure, the same reference numerals are the same or equivalent, and this is common throughout the entire specification. Note that in each drawing, the relative dimensional relationship or shape of each component may differ from the actual one. Furthermore, in the following explanation, the height of temperature and pressure, etc. is not determined in relation to absolute values, but is determined relatively depending on the state or operation of the system or device, etc. do.

Embodiment 1.
(Configuration of refrigeration cycle device)
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle device 100 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the refrigeration cycle device 100 of this embodiment includes a compressor 101, a radiator 102, an expansion mechanism 103, and an evaporator 104. Compressor 101, radiator 102, expansion mechanism 103, and evaporator 104 are connected by refrigerant piping 105, thereby forming a refrigerant circuit in which refrigerant circulates.

The refrigerant used in the refrigeration cycle device 100 is, for example, an HFC refrigerant such as R410A, R407C, R404A, or R32, an HFO refrigerant such as HFO-1234yf, or a natural refrigerant such as hydrocarbon, helium, or propane.

The compressor 101 is a fluid machine that sucks in low-pressure gas refrigerant, compresses it, and discharges it as high-pressure gas refrigerant. The compressor 101 is, for example, an inverter-driven compressor whose operating frequency can be adjusted.

The radiator 102 exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing inside the heat transfer tube and another fluid, and condenses and liquefies the refrigerant.

The expansion mechanism 103 is, for example, an electronic expansion valve whose opening degree can be controlled. The expansion mechanism 103 reduces the pressure of the refrigerant flowing out from the radiator 102 and expands it. Note that the expansion mechanism 103 may be a temperature-sensitive expansion valve, or a capillary tube may be provided instead of the expansion mechanism 103.

The evaporator 104 exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing inside the heat transfer tube and another fluid, and evaporates and gasifies the refrigerant.

(Operation of refrigeration cycle equipment)
The operation of the refrigeration cycle device 100 of this embodiment will be explained based on the flow of refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit. When the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is instructed to start operating, the compressor 101 compresses the refrigerant, converts it into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas state, and discharges the refrigerant. The gas refrigerant discharged by the compressor 101 flows into the radiator 102 through the refrigerant pipe 105. In the radiator 102, the refrigerant exchanges heat with other fluids and is condensed and liquefied. At this time, the refrigerant radiates heat to the other fluid, thereby heating the other fluid.

The refrigerant condensed and liquefied in the radiator 102 passes through the expansion mechanism 103. The expansion mechanism 103 reduces the pressure of the refrigerant. The refrigerant whose pressure has been reduced by the expansion mechanism 103 flows into the evaporator 104 . In the evaporator 104, the refrigerant exchanges heat with other fluids and evaporates into gas. At this time, the other fluid is cooled by the refrigerant absorbing heat from the other fluid. The refrigerant evaporated and gasified in the evaporator 104 is sucked into the compressor 101 again.

The refrigeration cycle device 100 is, for example, an air conditioner that heats or cools a room, a refrigeration device that cools a freezer compartment such as a warehouse, a showcase, or a refrigerator, or a water heater that heats water in a tank.

For either or both of the radiator 102 and the evaporator 104, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger 10, which will be described later, is employed. The structure of the heat exchanger 10 will be explained below.

(Configuration of heat exchanger 10)
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger 10 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 shows a horizontal section of the heat exchanger 10 viewed from above. In addition, in FIG. 2 and the subsequent drawings, the flow of the refrigerant is shown by solid line arrows, and the flow of fluid is shown by broken line arrows. The heat exchanger 10 includes a shell 1, a plurality of heat exchanger tubes 2, and a distribution section 3. In FIG. 2, the distribution section 3 is illustrated for the purpose of showing the position of the distribution section 3, and the structure of the distribution section 3 will be explained from FIG. 3 onwards.

Here, directions used for explanation in this embodiment and subsequent embodiments will be defined. The first direction is a direction from the inlet 21 of the heat exchanger tube 2 to the outlet 22. In FIG. 2, the direction from left to right in the paper is the first direction. The second direction is a direction perpendicular to the first direction, and in this embodiment is the direction of gravity. In FIG. 2, the direction from the front to the back of the page is the second direction. The third direction is a direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. In FIG. 2, the direction from the top to the bottom of the page is the third direction. In the drawings, the forward directions of the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are indicated by the directions pointed by the arrows. Further, in the following description, the forward directions of the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are simply referred to as the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction. Further, the opposite directions are respectively referred to as a first reverse direction, a second reverse direction, and a third reverse direction.

The shell 1 is a cylindrical container. In this embodiment, a cylindrical shell 1 will be described as an example. A refrigerant inlet pipe 11 , a refrigerant outlet pipe 12 , a fluid inlet pipe 13 , and a fluid outlet pipe 14 are connected to the shell 1 . The refrigerant inlet pipe 11 is a pipe for flowing a refrigerant into the heat exchanger tubes 2 inside the shell 1 . The refrigerant inlet pipe 11 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 105 shown in FIG. The refrigerant outlet pipe 12 is a pipe for causing the refrigerant that has flowed out of the heat transfer tube 2 to flow out from inside the shell 1 . The refrigerant outlet pipe 12 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 105 shown in FIG. The refrigerant inlet pipe 11 and the refrigerant outlet pipe 12 extend in the same direction as the direction in which the heat exchanger tubes 2 extend, that is, in the first direction.

The fluid inlet pipe 13 is a pipe for flowing fluid such as water or brine into the shell 1. The fluid outlet pipe 14 is a pipe for discharging a fluid such as water or brine from inside the shell 1. The fluid inlet pipe 13 and the fluid outlet pipe 14 are connected to the body of the shell 1 so as to communicate with the interior of the shell 1 .

The heat exchanger 10 further includes a refrigerant inlet cover 15 and a refrigerant outlet cover 16. A sealed space is formed by the shell 1, the refrigerant inlet cover 15, and the refrigerant outlet cover 16. The refrigerant inlet cover 15 is a cover provided at one end of the cylindrical shell 1 in the axial direction. A fluid inlet pipe 13 is inserted into the refrigerant inlet cover 15 . Fluid inlet pipe 13 is connected to shell 1 via refrigerant inlet cover 15 . The refrigerant outlet lid 16 is a lid provided at the other end of the cylindrical shell 1 in the axial direction. A refrigerant outlet pipe 12 is inserted into the refrigerant outlet cover 16 . The refrigerant outlet pipe 12 is connected to the shell 1 via a refrigerant outlet cover 16.

The plurality of heat exchanger tubes 2 are tubes through which refrigerant flows. The plurality of heat exchanger tubes 2 extend along the axial direction of the cylindrical shell 1, that is, the first direction. The plurality of heat exchanger tubes 2 are installed at intervals within the shell 1, and heat exchange occurs between a fluid such as water or brine flowing around the heat exchanger tubes 2 and a refrigerant flowing through the heat exchanger tubes 2. It will be done.

The heat exchanger 10 further includes an inlet side tube sheet 17 and an outlet side tube sheet 18. The inlet side tube plate 17 is a plate that supports the end of the heat exchanger tube 2 on the inlet side. The inlet side tube plate 17 is provided in the shell 1 so that its flat plate surface faces the refrigerant inlet cover 15. The outlet side tube plate 18 is a plate that supports the end of the heat exchanger tube 2 on the outlet side. The outlet side tube plate 18 is provided in the shell 1 so that its flat plate surface faces the refrigerant outlet cover 16. A plurality of heat exchanger tubes 2 are inserted into the inlet side tube sheet 17 and the outlet side tube sheet 18 in generally parallel manner. The inlet side tube sheet 17 and the heat exchanger tubes 2, and the outlet side tube sheet 18 and the heat exchanger tubes 2 are fixed by brazing.

FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the heat exchanger 10 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 schematically shows the arrangement of each part constituting the heat exchanger 10. The distribution section 3 includes a first distribution plate 4 and a second distribution plate 5.

The first distribution plate 4 is provided on the downstream side of the refrigerant inlet cover 15 in the flow direction of the refrigerant, and has a first distribution surface 41 that is perpendicular to the first direction. The first distribution surface 41 is provided so as to face the inner surface of the refrigerant inlet cover 15 . The first distribution plate 4 causes the refrigerant flowing into the shell 1 from the refrigerant inlet pipe 11 to flow in the second direction or in the opposite direction to the second direction, and causes the refrigerant to flow out downstream.

The second distribution plate 5 is provided downstream of the first distribution plate 4 and upstream of the inlet tube plate 17 in the flow direction of the refrigerant, and has a second distribution surface 51 that is perpendicular to the first direction. The second distribution surface 51 is provided to face the downstream surface of the first distribution plate 4. The second distribution plate 5 causes the refrigerant that has passed through the first distribution plate 4 to flow in a third direction that is orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction, or in the opposite direction to the third direction, and causes the refrigerant to flow out to the downstream side. .

The refrigerant that has passed through the second distribution plate 5 flows into each of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 2 inserted into the inlet side tube plate 17. In the process of flowing through the heat exchanger tubes 2, the refrigerant exchanges heat with a heat medium such as water or brine in the shell 1. The refrigerant that has passed through the heat transfer tubes 2 flows out to the refrigerant outlet pipe 12.

The first distribution plate 4 and the second distribution plate 5 are plates made of metal such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, or stainless steel, for example. When the heat exchanger 10 is used in an air conditioner, the first distribution plate 4 and the second distribution plate 5 have a thickness (length in the first direction) of about 10 mm to 50 mm, which is It is sufficiently thin compared to the length of the heat tube 2 (length in the first direction). Note that the thicknesses of the first distribution plate 4 and the second distribution plate 5 are not limited to those illustrated here.

The refrigerant inlet cover 15, first distribution plate 4, second distribution plate 5, and inlet side tube plate 17 are stacked in this order, and there is substantially no gap between adjacent ones.

The heat exchanger tube 2 has an inlet 21 and an outlet 22. The direction from the inlet 21 to the outlet 22 of the heat exchanger tube 2 coincides with the first direction. The inlet 21 is inserted into the inlet tube sheet 17 and the outlet 22 is inserted into the outlet tube sheet 18. Both ends of the heat exchanger tubes 2 may protrude from the inlet tube sheet 17 or the outlet tube sheet 18, respectively.

FIG. 4 is a developed view of the main parts according to the first embodiment. The refrigerant inlet cover 15 is provided with an opening 151 . The opening 151 is a hole into which the refrigerant inlet pipe 11 is inserted. The opening 151 is provided on the lower side in the direction of gravity, which is the second direction.

The first distribution surface 41 of the first distribution plate 4 is provided with a first recess 42 and a first hole 43. The first distribution surface 41 is a surface along the second direction and the third direction.

The first recess 42 is a groove recessed in the first direction. The first recess 42 does not penetrate the first distribution plate 4. In the example of FIG. 4, the planar shape of the first recess 42 is an elongated hole shape extending in the second direction.

The first hole 43 is a hole provided in the first recess 42 and passing through the first distribution plate 4. A plurality of first holes 43 are provided in the first recess 42 . The plurality of first holes 43 are arranged at intervals along the second direction. As shown in FIG. 4, the plurality of first holes 43 are arranged in one row along the second direction, and the positions in the third direction are the same, but the plurality of first holes 43 in the third direction are The positions do not have to be exactly the same. It is sufficient that the positions of the plurality of first holes 43 in the second direction are different from each other. The first hole 43 located at the lowest position in the direction of gravity is provided at a position facing the opening 151.

The second distribution surface 51 of the second distribution plate 5 is provided with a second recess 52 and a second hole 53. The second distribution surface 51 is a surface along the second direction and the third direction.

The second recess 52 is a groove recessed in the first direction. The second recess 52 does not penetrate the second distribution plate 5. The plurality of second recesses 52 are arranged at intervals from each other along the second direction. The planar shape of each of the plurality of second recesses 52 is an elongated hole shape extending in the third direction. The length in the longitudinal direction of the second recess 52 at both ends in the second direction is the shortest, and the length in the longitudinal direction of the second recess 52 in the center in the second direction is the longest. The length of the second recess 52 in the longitudinal direction corresponds to the length of the second distribution plate 5 in the third direction at the position of the second recess 52 .

The second hole 53 is a hole provided in the second recess 52 and passing through the second distribution plate 5. One or more second holes 53 are provided in each of the plurality of second recesses 52. The plurality of second holes 53 provided in one second recess 52 may be collectively referred to as a hole group. There are a plurality of hole groups, and there are the same number of hole groups as the second recesses 52. The plurality of second holes 53 in the hole group are arranged at different intervals along the third direction. The plurality of second holes 53 in the hole group are arranged in one line along the third direction, and the positions in the second direction are the same, but the positions of the plurality of second holes 53 in the second direction are strictly does not have to be the same. It is sufficient that the positions of the plurality of second holes 53 constituting the hole group in the third direction are different from each other.

The number of second holes 53 provided in each of the plurality of second recesses 52 corresponds to the length of the second recess 52 in the third direction, and the longer the length of the second recess 52 in the third direction, The number of second holes 53 is large.

Inlets 21 of a plurality of heat exchanger tubes 2 (see FIG. 3) are located in the openings of the inlet side tube plate 17, respectively. The total number of the plurality of second holes 53 matches the total number of heat exchanger tubes 2. The position of each of the second holes 53 in a plane including the second direction and the third direction matches the position of the heat exchanger tube 2 in the same plane. That is, the heat exchanger tube 2 is provided at a position facing each of the plurality of second holes 53.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the distribution section 3 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 shows a cross section taken along line II in FIG. 4 with the first distribution plate 4 and the second distribution plate 5 disassembled. Note that in the use state, the first distribution plate 4 and the second distribution plate 5 are overlapped. A plurality of first holes 43 are provided at the bottom of the first recess 42 of the first distribution plate 4 along the second direction. A projection area in which the first holes 43 are projected onto the second distribution plate 5 is shown as a projection area 44. One of the plurality of second recesses 52 is located in this projection area 44 . In FIG. 5, only the projection areas 44 of some of the first holes 43 are labeled with reference numerals in order to avoid complication of the drawing, but the projection areas 44 of all the first holes 43 are the same as those of the second recesses 52. facing either one.

Although FIG. 5 shows an example in which the first hole 43 and the second hole 53 face each other, part or all of the first hole 43 does not have to face the second hole 53. The first hole 43 only needs to face the second recess 52 .

(refrigerant flow)
The flow of the refrigerant will be explained with reference to FIG. The refrigerant that has flowed into the opening 151 provided at the lower part of the refrigerant inlet cover 15 flows into the lower part of the first recess 42 of the first distribution plate 4 . The refrigerant flowing into the first recess 42 flows in the opposite direction in the second direction, that is, toward the upper side in the direction of gravity. In the process of flowing upward in the direction of gravity through the first recess 42 , the refrigerant passes through any one of the plurality of first holes 43 and flows toward the downstream side of the first distribution plate 4 .

The refrigerant that has flowed out from each of the first holes 43 flows into the second recess 52 that faces the first hole 43 that has flowed out. The projected area 44 (see FIG. 5) of the first hole 43 faces the center of the second recess 52 in the third direction, and the refrigerant flowing out of the first hole 43 is transferred to the third recess of the corresponding second recess 52. Inflow to the center in the direction. The refrigerant flowing into the second recess 52 flows in the second recess 52 in the third direction and in the opposite direction to the third direction. In the process of flowing within the second recess 52, the refrigerant passes through any one of the plurality of second holes 53 provided in the second recess 52 and flows to the downstream side of the second distribution plate 5.

The refrigerant flowing out from each of the second holes 53 flows into the inlet 21 of the heat exchanger tube 2 (see FIG. 3) of the inlet side tube plate 17.

(Operations and effects of Embodiment 1)
The distribution unit 3 of this embodiment is configured by stacking two plates, a first distribution plate 4 and a second distribution plate 5, in total. The first recess 42 of the first distribution plate 4 realizes distribution of the refrigerant in the second direction, and the second recess 52 of the second distribution plate 5 realizes the distribution of the refrigerant in the third direction.

As described above, in the distribution section 3 of the present embodiment, the space used for distributing the refrigerant is a recess and a hole provided in the first distribution plate 4 and the second distribution plate 5, and the volume thereof is disclosed in the patent document Smaller than 1. Therefore, the distribution section 3 that distributes the refrigerant to the heat exchanger tubes 2 can be downsized. Downsizing of the distribution section 3 leads to downsizing of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 10.

When the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 10 of this embodiment is used as the evaporator 104, by reducing the volume of the distribution section 3, the distribution of the two-phase refrigerant to the heat exchanger tubes 2 can be improved. can be improved. Specifically, for example, when the volume is large as in the refrigerant flow divider of Patent Document 1, when the flow rate of the two-phase refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger 10 functioning as the evaporator 104 is low, the liquid refrigerant tends to fall due to gravity. Become. In this case, a phenomenon occurs in which a large amount of gas refrigerant flows into the upper heat transfer tube, and a large amount of liquid refrigerant flows into the lower heat transfer tube. If the gas refrigerant and liquid refrigerant flow unevenly into the plurality of heat transfer tubes, the evaporation capacity of the refrigerant will decrease. However, in the present embodiment, the volume of the distribution section 3 can be made smaller than that of the conventional one, so that the two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the distribution section 3 can be uniformly distributed among the plurality of heat exchanger tubes 2. Therefore, the evaporation capacity of the heat exchanger 10 functioning as the evaporator 104 can be improved.

Embodiment 2.
In this embodiment, differences from Embodiment 1 will be mainly described. In this embodiment, the suffix A is added to the reference numerals of the configurations that are different from those in the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a developed view of the refrigerant inlet cover 15A, the distribution section 3A, and the inlet side tube plate 17 according to the second embodiment. The opening areas of the plurality of first holes 43A of the first distribution plate 4A of this embodiment are not uniform. Specifically, the opening area of each of the first holes 43A increases as the number of second holes 53 provided in the second recess 52 facing the first hole 43A increases. The number of second holes 53 matches the number of heat exchanger tubes 2. The number of the plurality of second holes 53 provided in the second recess 52 gradually increases from the top to the bottom, reaches a maximum at the center, gradually decreases downward, and reaches the minimum at the bottom. . Correspondingly, the opening area of the first hole 43A gradually increases from the top to the bottom, reaches the maximum at the center, gradually decreases downward, and reaches the minimum at the bottom. It is desirable that the opening area of the first holes 43A be proportional to the number of second holes 53 in the second recess 52 facing each first hole 43A.

Note that in FIG. 6, the explanation is given on the assumption that the inner diameters of the plurality of second holes 53 are all the same. However, when some of the inner diameters of the plurality of second holes 53 are different, the larger the total opening area of the plurality of second holes 53 placed in each of the second recesses 52, the more the corresponding first hole 43 It is good if the opening area of the opening is large.

Furthermore, the length of the first recess 42 in the third direction may be different depending on the inner diameter of the first hole 43. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 6, the length of the first recess 42 in the third direction gradually increases from the top downward, reaches a maximum at the center, gradually decreases downward, and reaches the shortest at the bottom. It's okay to be.

As described above, the opening area of each of the plurality of first holes 43A in this embodiment is larger than the number of the plurality of second holes 53 provided in the plurality of second recesses 52 facing the first holes 43A. It's so big. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant passing through each of the plurality of first holes 43A increases as the number of the plurality of second holes 53 provided in the plurality of second recesses 52 facing the first holes 43A increases. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant flowing into each of the plurality of second holes 53 can be made uniform. Thereby, the amount of refrigerant flowing into each of the plurality of heat exchanger tubes 2 from each of the plurality of second holes 53 can be made uniform.

Embodiment 3.
In this embodiment, differences from Embodiment 1 will be mainly described. In this embodiment, a suffix B is added to the reference numerals of the configurations that are different from those in the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a developed view of the refrigerant inlet cover 15B and the distribution section 3B according to the third embodiment. Although illustration of the inlet side tube plate 17 is omitted in FIG. 7, the inlet side tube plate 17 is provided in the same manner as in FIG. 4. The distribution section 3B includes a sub-plate group consisting of an upstream sub-plate 6 and a downstream sub-plate 7 in addition to the first distribution plate 4B and the second distribution plate 5. In FIG. 7, the outer shapes of the first distribution plate 4B, the upstream sub-plate 6, and the downstream sub-plate 7 are illustrated as elongated holes with broken lines, but this is due to space limitations and may differ from the actual The outer shape is the same as that of the second distribution plate 5. This also applies to FIG. 7 and subsequent figures.

The opening 151B of the refrigerant inlet cover 15B is provided at the center of the refrigerant inlet cover 15B.

The sub-plate group is provided between the refrigerant inlet cover 15B and the first distribution plate 4B, and is overlapped with the first distribution plate 4B. The sub-plate group is composed of a plurality of sub-plates stacked on top of each other in the first direction, and in FIG. 7, a total of two sub-plates, an upstream sub-plate 6 and a downstream sub-plate 7, are illustrated. In this embodiment, the first distribution plate 4B and the sub-plate group constitute a laminated header.

The distribution surface 61 of the upstream sub-plate 6 is provided with a sub-plate recess 62 and a sub-plate hole 63. The distribution surface 61 is a surface along the second direction and the third direction.

The sub-plate recess 62 is a groove recessed in the first direction. The sub-plate recess 62 does not penetrate the upstream sub-plate 6. A plurality of sub-plate holes 63 are provided for one sub-plate recess 62. In the example of FIG. 7, two sub-plate holes 63 are provided for one sub-plate recess 62.

The distribution surface 71 of the downstream sub-plate 7 is provided with a sub-plate recess 72 and a sub-plate hole 73. The distribution surface 71 is a surface along the second direction and the third direction.

The sub-plate recess 72 is a groove recessed in the first direction. The sub-plate recess 72 does not penetrate the downstream sub-plate 7. The same number of sub-plate recesses 72 as sub-plate holes 63 are provided. In FIG. 7, two sub-plate recesses 72 are spaced apart in the second direction. A plurality of sub-plate holes 73 are provided for one sub-plate recess 72. In the example of FIG. 7, two sub-plate holes 73 are provided for one sub-plate recess 72.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the shape of the sub-plate recess 72 according to the third embodiment. In the sub-plate recess 72, the center in the second direction and the third direction is referred to as a base 721.

One sub-plate hole 73 is provided on the upper side of the base 721 in the drawing, and one sub-plate hole 73 is provided on the lower side of the base 721 in the drawing. The base 721 is located between the two sub-plate holes 73 in the second direction. The base portion 721 and the sub-plate holes 73 are arranged in one row along the second direction.

The sub-plate recess 72 branches the refrigerant flowing from the upstream side toward the base 721 into a third direction and a direction opposite to the third direction, and directs each branched refrigerant into a second direction opposite or a second direction. It forms a flow path that leads to.

An example of such a flow path is shown in FIG. The sub-plate recess 72 has a base 721 , a first portion 722 , a second portion 723 , a third portion 724 , and a fourth portion 725 . The first portion 722 extends from the base 721 in the third direction. The second portion 723 extends from the base 721 in the third direction. The third portion 724 extends from the end of the first portion 722 toward the upper sub-plate hole 73. The third portion 724 has an obliquely upward slope. The fourth portion 725 extends from the end of the second portion 723 toward the lower sub-plate hole 73. The fourth portion 725 has a diagonally downward slope.

Although the dimensions of each part of the sub-plate recess 62 and the first recess 42B are different from the dimensions of each part of the sub-plate recess 72 shown in FIG. 8, the shape of each part is the same as the shape of each part of the sub-plate recess 72 ( (See Figure 7). A sub-plate hole 63 is provided at each of the upper and lower ends of one sub-plate recess 62. Further, a first hole 43 is provided at each of the upper and lower ends of one first recess 42B.

A sub-plate recess 72 is arranged in a projected area of the sub-plate hole 63 onto the downstream sub-plate 7. Preferably, the base portion 721 is located in a projected region of the sub-plate hole 63 onto the downstream sub-plate 7. Further, the first recess 42B is arranged in a projection area of the sub-plate hole 73 projected onto the first distribution plate 4B. Preferably, the base of the first recess 42B is located in the projection area of the sub-plate hole 73 onto the first distribution plate 4B. The second recess 52 is located in the projection area of the first hole 43 onto the second distribution plate 5.

(refrigerant flow)
The flow of the refrigerant will be explained with reference to FIG. The refrigerant that has flowed into the opening 151B provided at the center of the refrigerant inlet cover 15B flows into the center of the sub-plate recess 62 of the upstream sub-plate 6 (a position corresponding to the base 721 in FIG. 8). The refrigerant flowing into the sub-plate recess 62 branches into a third direction and a direction opposite to the third direction, the former flowing in the second direction opposite to the third direction, and the latter flowing in the second direction, passing through the sub-plate holes 63. , flows to the downstream side of the upstream sub-plate 6.

The refrigerant flowing out from each of the sub-plate holes 63 flows into the center of the sub-plate recess 72 of the downstream sub-plate 7 (base 721 in FIG. 8). The refrigerant flowing into the sub-plate recess 72 branches into a third direction and a direction opposite to the third direction, the former flowing in the second direction opposite to the third direction, and the latter flowing in the second direction, each passing through the sub-plate hole 73. , flows downstream of the downstream sub-plate 7.

The refrigerant flowing out from each of the sub-plate holes 73 flows into the center of the first recess 42B of the first distribution plate 4B (a position corresponding to the base 721 in FIG. 8). The refrigerant flowing into the first recess 42B branches into a third direction and a direction opposite to the third direction, the former flowing in the second direction opposite to the third direction, and the latter flowing in the second direction, each passing through the first hole 43. , flows downstream of the first distribution plate 4B.

The refrigerant flowing from each of the first holes 43 flows into the second recess 52 facing the first hole 43. The projected area 44 (see FIG. 5) of the first hole 43 faces the center of the second recess 52 in the third direction, and the refrigerant flowing out of the first hole 43 is transferred to the third recess of the corresponding second recess 52. Inflow to the center in the direction. The refrigerant flowing into the second recess 52 flows in the second recess 52 in the third direction and in the opposite direction to the third direction. In the process of flowing within the second recess 52, the refrigerant passes through any one of the plurality of second holes 53 provided in the second recess 52 and flows to the downstream side of the second distribution plate 5.

As described above, the distribution section 3B of this embodiment has a sub-plate group superimposed on the first distribution plate 4B. The sub-plate group includes an upstream sub-plate 6 and a downstream sub-plate 7 as a plurality of sub-plates stacked in the first direction. The upstream sub-plate 6 and the downstream sub-plate 7 are respectively formed with

sub-plate recesses

62 and 72 recessed in the first direction and

sub-plate holes

63 and 73. The sub-plate holes 63 and 73 are provided in the sub-plate recesses 62 and 72, respectively, and pass through the upstream sub-plate 6 and the downstream sub-plate 7. In two adjacent sub-plates among the plurality of sub-plates, the number of the plurality of sub-plate holes 63 in the upstream sub-plate 6 on the upstream side in the first direction is equal to the number of the plurality of sub-plate holes 63 on the downstream side in the first direction. The number is smaller than the number of the plurality of sub-plate holes 73 of the sub-plate 7. The sub-plate recess 72 of the downstream sub-plate 7 is located in a projection area in which the plurality of sub-plate holes 63 of the upstream sub-plate 6 are projected onto the downstream sub-plate 7 .

In this way, in the distribution section 3B of the present embodiment, the upstream sub-plate 6 and the downstream sub-plate 7 are stacked, and the refrigerant is distributed in the third direction and the second direction. Refrigerant distribution can be made more uniform.

Furthermore, in the upstream sub-plate 6, the downstream sub-plate 7, and the first distribution plate 4B, the refrigerant is branched into the third direction and the second direction in the respective recesses. One each of the upstream sub-plate 6, the downstream sub-plate 7, and the first distribution plate 4B can branch the refrigerant in two directions, so even when two-phase refrigerant flows into the heat exchanger 10, , the distribution of the two-phase refrigerant can be made closer to uniformity.

Embodiment 4.
In this embodiment, differences from Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 3 will be mainly explained. In this embodiment, the suffix C is added to the reference numerals of the configurations that are different from those in the first and third embodiments.

FIG. 9 is a developed view of the refrigerant inlet cover 15C and the distribution section 3C according to the fourth embodiment. Although illustration of the inlet side tube plate 17 is omitted in FIG. 9, the inlet side tube plate 17 is provided in the same manner as in FIG. 4. The distribution section 3C includes an upstream sub-plate 6 in addition to a first distribution plate 4C and a second distribution plate 5C.

The opening 151C of the refrigerant inlet cover 15C is provided at the center of the refrigerant inlet cover 15C.

The upstream sub-plate 6 has the same structure as the upstream sub-plate 6 shown in the third embodiment. In this embodiment, the downstream sub-plate 7 of Embodiment 3 is not provided, but a first distribution plate 4C is provided overlapping the upstream sub-plate 6.

The first distribution plate 4C has the same structure as the downstream sub-plate 7 shown in the third embodiment. The first recess 42C has the same shape as the sub-plate recess 72 of the third embodiment.

The second distribution plate 5C has a second recess 52C that is different from the second recess 52 of the first embodiment. The second recess 52C includes a first portion 521C, a second portion 522C, and a connecting portion 523C provided between the first portion 521C and the second portion 522. The first portion 521C, the second portion 522C, and the connecting portion 523C are all grooves recessed in the first direction and do not penetrate the second distribution plate 5C. The first portion 521C and the second portion 522C are arranged side by side in the second direction, and each correspond to the second recesses 52 arranged vertically in the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the first portion 521C and the second portion 522C are each elongated holes extending in the third direction.

The connecting portion 523C forms a flow path that branches the refrigerant flowing from the upstream side into a third direction and a direction opposite to the third direction, and guides each of the branched refrigerants in a second direction opposite or in the second direction. are doing. The shape of the connecting portion 523C is substantially the same as the shape of the sub-plate recess 72 of the downstream sub-plate 7 shown in FIG.

Some of the plurality of second holes 53 provided in the second recess 52C are provided in the first portion 521C, and the remaining second holes 53 are provided in the second portion 522C.

A connecting portion 523C of the second recess 52C is located in a projected area of the first hole 43 onto the second distribution plate 5C. Preferably, the projection area of the first hole 43 is located at the center of the second recess 52C in the second direction and the third direction (a position corresponding to the base 721 in FIG. 8).

(refrigerant flow)
The flow of the refrigerant will be explained with reference to FIG. The refrigerant that has flowed into the opening 151C provided at the center of the refrigerant inlet cover 15C flows into the center of the sub-plate recess 62 of the upstream sub-plate 6 (a position corresponding to the base 721 in FIG. 8). The refrigerant flowing into the sub-plate recess 62 branches into a third direction and a direction opposite to the third direction, the former flowing in the second direction opposite to the third direction, and the latter flowing in the second direction, passing through the sub-plate holes 63. , flows to the downstream side of the upstream sub-plate 6.

The refrigerant flowing out from each of the sub-plate holes 63 flows into the center of the first recess 42C of the first distribution plate 4C (a position corresponding to the base 721 in FIG. 8). The refrigerant flowing into the first recess 42C branches into a third direction and a direction opposite to the third direction, the former flowing in the second direction opposite to the third direction, and the latter flowing in the second direction, each passing through the first hole 43. , flows downstream of the first distribution plate 4C.

The refrigerant flowing from each of the first holes 43 flows into the connecting portion 523C of the second recess 52C facing the first hole 43. The projected area 44 (see FIG. 5) of the first hole 43 faces the center of the second recess 52C in the second direction and the third direction, and the refrigerant flowing out of the first hole 43 is transferred to the corresponding connecting portion 523C. There is an inflow into the country. The refrigerant that has flowed into the connecting portion 523C is branched into a third direction and an opposite direction to the third direction, the former flowing in the opposite direction to the second direction, and the latter flowing in the second direction, passing through the second hole 53, and branching into the third direction. It flows to the downstream side of the two-way distribution plate 5.

As described above, the second recessed portion 52C of the distribution portion 3C of the present embodiment includes a first portion 521C in which some of the plurality of second holes 53 of the hole group are formed, and a first portion 521C and a second recessed portion 52C of the distribution portion 3C of the present embodiment. and a second portion 522C in which the remainder of the plurality of second holes 53 of the hole group are formed. Further, the second recess 52C includes a connecting portion 523C provided between the first portion 521C and the second portion 522C in the second direction. The connecting portion 523C is located in a projection area where the first hole 43 is projected onto the second distribution plate 5C.

In the upstream sub-plate 6, the first distribution plate, and 4C, the refrigerant is branched into the third direction and the second direction in the respective recesses. Since the upstream sub-plate 6, the first distribution plate, and 4C can branch the refrigerant in two directions, even when the two-phase refrigerant flows into the heat exchanger 10, the distribution of the two-phase refrigerant can be prevented. can be made close to uniform.

Further, in this embodiment, the refrigerant is branched into the third direction and the second direction in the second recess 52C of the second distribution plate 5C. Also in the second distribution plate 5C, branching of the refrigerant in two directions can be achieved, so the number of sub-plates can be reduced compared to the third embodiment.

Embodiment 5.
In this embodiment, differences from Embodiment 3 will be mainly explained. In this embodiment, a suffix D is added to the reference numerals of the components that are different from those in the third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a developed view of the refrigerant inlet cover 15D and the distribution section 3D according to the fifth embodiment. Although illustration of the inlet side tube plate 17 is omitted in FIG. 10, the inlet side tube plate 17 is provided in the same manner as in FIG. 4. The distribution section 3D includes an upstream sub-plate 6D and a downstream sub-plate 7D in addition to the first distribution plate 4C and the second distribution plate 5C.

The opening 151D of the refrigerant inlet cover 15D is provided at the center of the refrigerant inlet cover 15D.

A sub-plate recess 62D is provided on the distribution surface 61 of the upstream sub-plate 6D. The sub-plate recess 62D has the same function as the sub-plate recess 62 of Embodiment 3 in the function of dividing the refrigerant in the third direction and the opposite direction to the third direction, and in the second direction and the opposite direction to the second direction. . The sub-plate recess 62D has a shape that repeats twice the branching of the refrigerant in the third direction and the opposite direction to the third direction, and the branching of the refrigerant in the second direction and the opposite direction to the second direction. ing. Four sub-plate holes 63D are provided in one sub-plate recess 62D. A sub-plate recess 72D is located in a projected region of the sub-plate hole 63D onto the downstream sub-plate 7D.

The downstream sub-plate 7D includes a sub-plate recess 72D and a sub-plate hole 73D. The shape of each sub-plate recess 72D is the same as the shape of the sub-plate recess 72 of the third embodiment. The same number of sub-plate recesses 72D as sub-plate holes 63D are provided, and in this embodiment, four sub-plate recesses 72D are provided. Each of the plurality of sub-plate recesses 72D has two sub-plate holes 73D, and the refrigerant that has flowed into the sub-plate recesses 72D is branched into two and then flows out. The first recess 42D is located in the projection area of the sub-plate hole 73D onto the first distribution plate 4D.

The opening areas of the plurality of first holes 43D of the first distribution plate 4D are not uniform. Moreover, the first hole 43D has an elongated hole shape. Specifically, the opening area of each first hole 43D increases as the number of second holes 53 provided in the second recess 52 facing the first hole 43D increases. The number of second holes 53 matches the number of heat exchanger tubes 2. The number of the plurality of second holes 53 provided in the second recess 52 gradually increases from the top to the bottom, reaches a maximum at the center, gradually decreases downward, and reaches the minimum at the bottom. . Correspondingly, the opening area of the first hole 43D gradually increases from the top to the bottom, reaches the maximum at the center, gradually decreases downward, and reaches the minimum at the bottom. It is desirable that the opening area of the first holes 43D and the number of second holes 53 of the second recess 52 facing each first hole 43D are proportional.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the length of the first recess 42D in the third direction is larger than the length of the first recess 42A in the third embodiment. The length of the first recess 42D in the third direction is increased so as to include the first hole 43D which is an elongated hole extending in the third direction. Moreover, a plurality of first holes 43D are provided in one first recess 42D.

The opening areas of the plurality of sub-plate holes 73D are not uniform. Specifically, the opening area of each sub-plate hole 73D is larger as the opening area of the first hole 43D facing the sub-plate hole 73D is larger.

(refrigerant flow)
The flow of the refrigerant will be explained with reference to FIG. The refrigerant that has flowed into the opening 151D provided at the center of the refrigerant inlet cover 15D flows into the center of the sub-plate recess 62D of the upstream sub-plate 6 in the second and third directions. The refrigerant that has flowed into the sub-plate recess 62D branches into a third direction and a direction opposite to the third direction, with the former flowing in the opposite direction to the second direction, and the latter flowing in the second direction. The refrigerant that has flowed in the opposite direction in the second direction is further branched into a third direction and in the opposite direction in the third direction, the former flowing in the opposite direction to the second direction, and the latter flowing in the second direction, respectively, through sub-plate holes 63D. , and flows to the downstream side of the upstream sub-plate 6D. The refrigerant that first branches in the third direction and flows in the second direction is further branched into a third direction and a third direction, with the former flowing in the second direction and the latter flowing in the second direction. It flows in the second direction, passes through each sub-plate hole 63D, and flows to the downstream side of the upstream sub-plate 6D.

The refrigerant flowing out from each of the sub-plate holes 63D flows into the center of the sub-plate recess 72D of the downstream sub-plate 7D (a position corresponding to the base 721 in FIG. 8). The refrigerant that has flowed into the sub-plate recess 72D branches into a third direction and a direction opposite to the third direction, with the former flowing in the opposite direction to the second direction, and the latter flowing in the second direction, each passing through the sub-plate hole 73D. , flows downstream of the downstream sub-plate 7D.

The refrigerant flowing out from the sub-plate hole 73D flows into the first recess 42D of the first distribution plate 4D. The refrigerant that has flowed into the first recess 42D flows in the third direction and the opposite direction to the third direction, and in the second direction and the opposite direction to the second direction. Flows downstream.

The refrigerant flowing out from each of the first holes 43D flows into the second recess 52 facing the first hole 43D. The projected area 44 (see FIG. 5) of the first hole 43D faces the second recess 52, and the refrigerant flowing out of the first hole 43D branches and flows in a third direction and a direction opposite to the third direction. In the process of flowing, it passes through the second hole 53 and flows to the downstream side of the second distribution plate 5.

As described above, the opening area of each of the plurality of first holes 43D in this embodiment is larger than the number of the plurality of second holes 53 provided in the plurality of second recesses 52 facing the first holes 43D. It's so big. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant passing through each of the plurality of first holes 43D increases as the number of the plurality of second holes 53 provided in the plurality of second recesses 52 facing the first holes 43D increases. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant flowing into each of the plurality of second holes 53 can be made uniform. Thereby, the amount of refrigerant flowing into each of the plurality of heat exchanger tubes 2 from each of the plurality of second holes 53 can be made uniform.

Embodiment 6.
In this embodiment, differences from Embodiment 3 will be mainly explained. In this embodiment, the suffix E is added to the reference numerals of the components that are different from those in the third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a developed view of the distribution section 3E according to the sixth embodiment. The distribution section 3E includes an upstream sub-plate 6, a downstream sub-plate 7, a first distribution plate 4E, and a second distribution plate 5. The configurations of the upstream sub-plate 6, downstream sub-plate 7, and second distribution plate 5 are the same as in the third embodiment.

The opening area of the first hole 43E of the first distribution plate 4E is not uniform. Specifically, the opening area of each first hole 43E increases as the number of second holes 53 provided in the second recess 52 facing the first hole 43E increases. The number of second holes 53 matches the number of heat exchanger tubes 2. The number of the plurality of second holes 53 provided in the second recess 52 gradually increases from the top to the bottom, becomes the largest in the center, gradually decreases downward, and becomes the smallest at the bottom. . Correspondingly, the opening area of the first hole 43E gradually increases from the top downward, reaches a maximum at the center, gradually decreases downward, and reaches a minimum at the bottom. It is desirable that the opening area of the first hole 43E be proportional to the number of second holes 53 in the second recess 52 facing each first hole 43E.

According to this embodiment, in addition to the effects of Embodiment 3, the following effects can be obtained. That is, the opening area of each of the plurality of first holes 43E in this embodiment increases as the number of the plurality of second holes 53 provided in the plurality of second recesses 52 facing the first hole 43E increases. . Therefore, the amount of refrigerant passing through each of the plurality of first holes 43E increases as the number of the plurality of second holes 53 provided in the plurality of second recesses 52 facing the first holes 43E increases. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant flowing into each of the plurality of second holes 53 can be made uniform. Thereby, the amount of refrigerant flowing into each of the plurality of heat exchanger tubes 2 from each of the plurality of second holes 53 can be made uniform.

Embodiment 7.
In this embodiment, a modified example of the shape of the curved recess described in Embodiments 3 to 6 will be described. This embodiment can be combined with any of Embodiments 3 to 6.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the shape of the sub-plate recess 62F according to the seventh embodiment. In FIG. 12, the shape will be explained using the sub-plate recess 62F as an example, but this shape is also applied to the sub-plate recess 72 and the first recess 42 described in the third to sixth embodiments.

In the sub-plate recess 62F, the center in the second direction and the third direction is referred to as a base 621F.

One sub-plate hole 63F1 is provided on the upper side of the base 621F in the drawing, and one sub-plate hole 63F2 is provided on the lower side of the base 621F in the drawing. The base 621F is located between the two sub-plate holes 63F1 and 63F2 in the second direction. The base 621F, the sub-plate hole 63F1, and the sub-plate hole 63F3 are arranged in one row along the second direction.

The sub-plate recess 62F branches the refrigerant flowing from the upstream side toward the base 621F into a third direction and a direction opposite to the third direction, and directs each of the branched refrigerants into a second direction opposite or a second direction. It forms a flow path that leads to.

The sub-plate recess 62F has a base 621F, a first portion 622F, a second portion 623F, a third portion 624F, and a fourth portion 625F. The first portion 622F extends in the third direction from the base 621F. The second portion 623F extends from the base 621F in the opposite third direction. The third portion 624F extends from the end of the first portion 622F toward the upper sub-plate hole 63F1. The third portion 624F has an upward slope. The fourth portion 625F extends from the end of the second portion 623F toward the lower sub-plate hole 63F2. The fourth portion 625F has a diagonally downward slope.

The opening area of the upper sub-plate hole 63F1 is larger than the opening area of the lower sub-plate hole 63F2. The opening areas of the first part 622F and the third part 624F that lead the refrigerant to the sub-plate hole 63F1 having a larger opening area are the opening areas of the second part 623F and the fourth part 625F that lead the refrigerant to the sub-plate hole 63F2, respectively. Each area is larger than the other. That is, by making the volume of the refrigerant flow path leading to the sub-plate hole 63F1 with a large opening area larger than the volume of the refrigerant flow path leading to the sub-plate hole 63F2 with a small opening area, a larger amount of air can be transferred to the sub-plate hole 63F1. Supply refrigerant.

In this embodiment, the second direction is the direction of gravity. The sub-plate hole 63F1 provided in the sub-plate recess 62F is above the base 621F, and the sub-plate hole 63F2 is below the base 621F. The volume of the first portion 622F is larger than the volume of the second portion 623F, and the volume of the third portion 324F is larger than the volume of the fourth portion 625F. In this way, by increasing the volume of the flow path that guides the refrigerant to the sub-plate hole 63F1 located on the upper side in the direction of gravity, the bias of the flow of refrigerant downward due to the influence of gravity is reduced, and the sub-plate hole 63F1 and The refrigerant distributed to the sub-plate holes 63F2 can be uniformly distributed.

Embodiment 8.
A modification of the shape of the curved recess described in Embodiments 3 to 7 will be described. This embodiment can be combined with any of Embodiments 3 to 7.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the shape of the sub-plate recess 62G according to the eighth embodiment. In FIG. 13, the shape will be explained using the sub-plate recess 62G as an example, but this shape is also applied to the sub-plate recess 72 and the first recess 42 described in the third to seventh embodiments. The sub-plate recess 62G has a base 621, a first portion 622G, a second portion 623G, a third portion 624, and a fourth portion 625. The third portion 624 and the fourth portion 625 correspond to the third portion 624F and the fourth portion 625F of the seventh embodiment, respectively.

A first portion 622G of the sub-plate recess 62G connected to the upper sub-plate hole 63 extends from the base 621 in the third direction and the second direction. Further, the second portion 623G connected to the lower sub-plate hole 63 extends from the base 621 in the opposite direction in the third direction and in the opposite direction in the second direction. That is, the first portion 622G extending in the third direction from the base 621 is lowered, and the second portion 623G extending in the opposite direction from the base 621 in the third direction is raised.

In this embodiment, the second direction is the direction of gravity. The sub-plate recess 62G includes a base 621 into which the refrigerant flows from the upstream side, a first portion 622G extending diagonally upward from the base 621, and a second portion 623G extending diagonally downward from the base 621. In this way, by lowering the first portion 622G that guides the refrigerant to the upper sub-plate hole 63, the refrigerant that has flowed into the base 621 can be guided preferentially to the upper sub-plate hole 63. This reduces the bias in the flow of the refrigerant downward due to the influence of gravity, and allows the refrigerant to be uniformly distributed between the lower sub-plate holes 63 and the upper sub-plate holes 63.

(Modified example)
The number of sub-plates constituting the sub-plate groups shown in Embodiments 3 to 8 is not limited to two, and may be one or three or more.

1 shell, 2 heat transfer tube, 3 distribution section, 3B distribution section, 3C distribution section, 3D distribution section, 3E distribution section, 4 first distribution plate, 4A first distribution plate, 4B first distribution plate, 4C first distribution plate , 4D first distribution plate, 4E first distribution plate, 5 second distribution plate, 5C second distribution plate, 6 upstream sub-plate, 6D upstream sub-plate, 7 downstream sub-plate, 7D downstream sub-plate, 10 Heat exchanger, 11 Refrigerant inlet piping, 12 Refrigerant outlet piping, 13 Fluid inlet piping, 14 Fluid outlet piping, 15 Refrigerant inlet lid, 15A Refrigerant inlet lid, 15B Refrigerant inlet lid, 15C Refrigerant inlet lid, 15D Refrigerant inlet lid, 16 Refrigerant outlet cover, 17 inlet side tube plate, 18 outlet side tube plate, 21 inlet, 22 outlet, 41 first distribution surface, 42 first recess, 42A first recess, 42B first recess, 42C first recess, 42D first recess 1 recess, 42E first recess, 43 first hole, 43A first hole, 43D first hole, 43E first hole, 44 projection area, 51 second distribution surface, 52 second recess, 52C second recess, 53 2 holes, 61 distribution surface, 62 subplate recess, 62D subplate recess, 62F subplate recess, 62G subplate recess, 63 subplate hole, 63D subplate hole, 63F1 subplate hole, 63F2 subplate hole, 71 distribution surface , 72 sub-plate recess, 72D sub-plate recess, 73 sub-plate hole, 73D sub-plate hole, 100 refrigeration cycle device, 101 compressor, 102 radiator, 103 expansion mechanism, 104 evaporator, 105 refrigerant piping, 151 opening, 151B Opening, 151C opening, 151D opening, 324F 3rd part, 521C 1st part, 5222 2nd, 522C, 523C consolidated part, 534th, 621 base, 621F base, 1st part, 622G, 622G 1 part, 623F second part, 623G second part, 624 third part, 624F third part, 625 fourth part, 625F fourth part, 721 base, 722 first part, 723 second part, 724 third part , 725 Part 4.

Claims

a shell to which fluid inlet piping and fluid outlet piping are connected;
a plurality of heat transfer tubes housed within the shell, through which a refrigerant flows in a first direction from each inlet to an outlet;
a distribution section that is housed in the shell and that distributes the refrigerant from the refrigerant inlet pipe to the inlets of the plurality of heat exchanger tubes;
The distribution section is
a first distribution plate having a first distribution surface perpendicular to the first direction;
a second distribution plate having a second distribution surface perpendicular to the first direction and provided between the first distribution plate and the inlets of the plurality of heat exchanger tubes;
The first distribution plate is
one or more first recesses provided on the first distribution surface and recessed in the first direction;
a plurality of first holes provided in each of the one or more first recesses and penetrating the first distribution plate;
The plurality of first holes have different positions in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction,
The second distribution plate is
a plurality of second recesses provided on the second distribution surface and recessed in the first direction;
a plurality of hole groups formed of a plurality of second holes provided in each of the plurality of second recesses and penetrating the second distribution plate;
The plurality of second holes included in each of the plurality of hole groups have different positions in a third direction orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction,
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger, wherein one of the plurality of second recesses is located in a projected area of the plurality of first holes of the first distribution plate projected onto the second distribution plate.
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of second recesses are spaced apart from each other along the second direction.
The shell and shell according to claim 2, wherein the opening area of each of the plurality of first holes increases as the number of the plurality of second holes provided in the plurality of second recesses facing the first hole increases. Tubular heat exchanger.
a group of sub-plates superimposed on the first distribution plate;
The sub-plate group includes a plurality of sub-plates stacked in the first direction,
Each of the plurality of sub-plates is
a sub-plate recess recessed in the first direction;
A plurality of sub-plate holes are formed in the sub-plate recess and passing through the sub-plate,
In two adjacent sub-plates among the plurality of sub-plates,
The number of the plurality of sub-plate holes of the upstream sub-plate which is the sub-plate located on the upstream side in the first direction is the number of the plurality of sub-plate holes of the downstream sub-plate which is the sub-plate located downstream in the first direction. less than the number of sub-plate holes in
Any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sub-plate recess of the downstream sub-plate is located in a projection area in which the plurality of holes of the upstream sub-plate are projected onto the downstream sub-plate. Shell-and-tube heat exchanger as described in Section.
The one or more first recesses are a plurality of first recesses,
Any one of the plurality of first recesses is placed in a projection area of the plurality of sub-plate holes of the sub-plate located furthest downstream in the first direction among the plurality of sub-plates, projected onto the first distribution plate. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein:
The plurality of sub-plate holes provided in the downstream sub-plate include two sub-plate holes spaced apart in the second direction,
The sub-plate recess of the downstream sub-plate is
a base facing one of the sub-plate holes of the upstream sub-plate and located between the two sub-plate holes in the second direction;
a first portion extending from the base in the third direction;
a second portion extending from the base in the opposite third direction;
a third portion extending from an end of the first portion toward one of the two sub-plate holes;
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a fourth portion extending from an end of the second portion toward the other of the two sub-plate holes.
the second direction is the direction of gravity,
one of the two sub-plate holes is above the base, and the other of the two sub-plate holes is below the base;
The volume of the first part is larger than the volume of the second part,
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein a volume of the third portion is larger than a volume of the fourth portion.
the second direction is the direction of gravity,
The sub-plate has two sub-plate holes spaced apart in the second direction,
The sub-plate recess is
a base located at a position where refrigerant flows from the upstream side;
a first portion extending obliquely upward from the base;
a second portion extending obliquely downward from the base;
a third portion extending from an end of the first portion toward a sub-plate hole located above the base of the two sub-plate holes;
and a fourth portion extending from an end of the second portion toward a sub-plate hole located below the base of the two sub-plate holes. Tubular heat exchanger.
a sub-plate superimposed on the first distribution plate;
The sub-plate is
a sub-plate recess recessed in the first direction;
a plurality of sub-plate holes provided at the bottom of the sub-plate recess and passing through the sub-plate,
The one or more first recesses are a plurality of first recesses,
Each of the plurality of first recesses is provided with the plurality of first holes,
According to any one of claims 1 to 3, any one of the plurality of first recesses is located in a projection area in which each of the plurality of sub-plate holes is projected onto the first distribution plate. shell and tube heat exchanger.
The plurality of second recesses of the second distribution plate each include:
a first portion in which a portion of the plurality of second holes included in one of the plurality of hole groups is formed;
a second portion arranged in line with the first portion in the second direction and in which the remainder of the plurality of second holes included in the one hole group are formed;
a connecting part provided between the first part and the second part in the second direction,
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the connecting portion is located in the projection area projected onto the second distribution plate. .
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the second direction is a direction of gravity.
a compressor that compresses refrigerant;
a radiator that radiates heat from the refrigerant flowing out from the compressor;
an expansion mechanism that reduces the pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator;
an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant flowing out from the expansion mechanism,
The evaporator is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 11. A refrigeration cycle device.