WO2023237077A1

WO2023237077A1 - Quick-loading device and method for power battery, and vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2023237077A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/099282
Authority: WO
Inventors: 赵豪儒; 王振涛; 张占江; 孙焕丽; 裴小娟; 吕晓谦
Original assignee: 中国第一汽车股份有限公司
Priority date: 2022-06-10
Filing date: 2023-06-09
Publication date: 2023-12-14
Also published as: CN114987279A

Abstract

A quick-loading device and method for a power battery, and a vehicle. The quick-loading device for a power battery comprises a battery-side assembly (1), which is fixed to the power battery, and a vehicle-side assembly (2), which is fixed to a vehicle body. The battery-side assembly (1) comprises a lock tongue (11). The vehicle-side assembly (2) comprises a shell (21), a lock shaft (22), a locking block (23) and a control assembly (24), wherein the shell (21) is fixed to the vehicle body; the lock shaft (22) is rotatably connected to the shell (21); the control assembly (24) can control the locking block (23) to move to abut against inner walls of both sides of an accommodating cavity (212) of the shell (21), so as to achieve the meshing connection or separation of drive teeth (222) at one end of the lock shaft (22) and limit the rotation direction of the drive teeth (222), and thus allow the lock tongue (11) to be clamped and locked or be unlocked by lock teeth (221) at the other end of the lock shaft (22); and the control assembly (24) communicates with a vehicle control unit.

Description

Quick installation device, method and vehicle for power battery

This disclosure claims priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202210658000.5 filed with the China Patent Office on June 10, 2022. The entire content of the above application is incorporated into this application by reference.

Technical field

This application relates to the technical field of new energy electric vehicles, for example, to a quick installation device, method and vehicle for a power battery.

Background technique

New energy vehicles have the advantage of being green and environmentally friendly, but battery life has always been the most important issue limiting the development of new energy vehicles. At present, it is difficult to charge the power battery of electric vehicles in a short time. Therefore, the main solution to ensure that new energy vehicles can replenish electric energy in a short time is "power swapping." "Battery swapping" means replacing the power battery that needs to be replenished with electric energy on a new energy vehicle with a pre-charged power battery to achieve the purpose of quickly replenishing electric energy.

The power swapping mechanisms of electric vehicles in related technologies all need to rely on the exclusive power swapping equipment of the power swapping station, that is, the power swapping equipment of the power swapping station is bound to the power swapping structure. This kind of power swapping platform has poor versatility, resulting in a waste of power swapping platform resources; currently Power battery replacement is mainly divided into side power replacement and bottom power replacement. The power replacement mechanism is divided into various implementation methods such as semi-fixed bolt tightening method, ratchet buckle method and unlocking connecting rod slider method. The clamping method The mechanical life is longer, but the mechanism is complex, the locking and unlocking controls are manual operations, the automation is not high, and the locking reliability is poor.

Contents of the invention

This application provides a quick installation device for power batteries to solve the problems of complex battery terminal structures and poor locking reliability.

This application also provides a quick assembly method for a power battery to solve the problems of poor reliability and low disassembly and assembly efficiency of the power battery due to the complex battery terminal structure.

This application also provides a vehicle to solve the problems of complex structure and poor reliability of the power battery quick installation device.

An embodiment of the present application provides a quick installation device for a power battery, including:

Battery terminal assembly, the battery terminal assembly is fixed on the power battery, the battery terminal assembly includes a lock A tongue, the locking tongue includes a sliding portion and a protruding portion connected to each other;

A vehicle end assembly, the vehicle end assembly is fixed on the vehicle body; the vehicle end assembly cooperates with the battery end assembly to unlock or lock the power battery on the vehicle body;

The vehicle-end components include:

a housing, the housing is fixed on the vehicle body, the housing has a vertical slideway and a receiving cavity, the sliding part of the lock tongue can be slidably connected in the slideway, the The protruding portion of the lock tongue protrudes from the slideway;

Lock shaft, the lock shaft is rotatably connected to the housing, the first end of the lock shaft is provided with lock teeth, the lock teeth can engage with the protruding portion of the lock tongue to achieve locking Or unlock; the second end of the lock shaft is provided with a driving tooth, the driving tooth is coaxially arranged with the lock tooth and the driving tooth is located in the accommodation cavity;

Locking block, the locking block is a fan ring structure, the large diameter end of the fan ring structure is a concave arc, the concave arc is provided with internal teeth, the small diameter end of the fan ring structure is provided with a concave arc along the There is a limiting groove extending in the arc direction at the small diameter end, and the locking block is located in the accommodation cavity. When the locking block respectively abuts the inner walls of both sides of the accommodation cavity, the internal teeth can The driving teeth are engaged or separated to limit the rotation direction of the driving teeth;

A control component, the control component can control the movement of the locking block to respectively stop against the inner walls on both sides of the accommodation cavity, and the control component is communicatively connected with the vehicle controller.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a quick installation method of a power battery. According to the quick installation device of a power battery provided by this application, the quick installation method of a power battery includes:

Power battery locking process:

When the control component receives the locking command and the driving locking block contacts the inner wall of one side of the accommodation cavity, the driving teeth have a clockwise rotation limit, and the locking teeth can only rotate clockwise;

Use an external tray to lift the power battery under the vehicle end assembly so that the lock tongue corresponds to the position of the slide;

The tray continues to lift the power battery upward, and the lock tongue slides upward along the slide until the lock tongue touches the lock teeth;

The lock tongue continues to slide upward and drives the lock teeth to rotate clockwise until the lock tongue is locked in place, the tray is removed, and the power battery is locked on the vehicle end assembly;

The power battery unlocking process:

Support the tray below the power battery;

After the control component receives the unlocking signal and drives the locking block to contact the opposite inner wall of the accommodation cavity, the driving teeth have a counterclockwise rotation limit, and the locking teeth can only rotate counterclockwise;

Under the gravity of the power battery, the lock teeth rotate counterclockwise to unlock the lock tongue;

The power battery continues to drop to the unlocking position, and the power battery is unlocked.

An embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body, a power battery, and a quick-installation device for the power battery provided by the present application. The vehicle-end assembly and the battery-end assembly in the quick-installation device for the power battery can be Cooperate to unlock or lock the power battery on the vehicle body.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a power battery quick installation device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 2 is an exploded structural schematic diagram of a quick installation device for a power battery provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the back of a power battery quick installation device (locked state) provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the front side (with the casing removed) of a power battery quick installation device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 5 is a back view (without back cover) of the housing of a power battery quick installation device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 6 is a front view of a locking block in a power battery quick installation device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a control gear in a power battery quick installation device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a rack in a power battery quick installation device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

In the picture:
1. Battery terminal assembly; 11. Lock tongue; 111. Sliding part; 112. Protruding part;
2. Car end assembly; 21. Housing; 211. Slideway; 212. Accommodating cavity; 213. Bearing hole; 214.
Back cover; 22. Lock shaft; 221. Locking teeth; 222. Driving teeth; 23. Locking block; 231. Internal teeth; 232. Limiting groove; 233. Step surface; 24. Control component; 241. Control gear; 2411. Guide rod; 2412. Mounting hole; 2413. Limit plate; 242. Rack; 2421. Large tooth; 2422. Small tooth; 243. Driving mechanism; 244. Electric control module; 245. Connector module; 25. Sensor; 26. Damping block.

Detailed ways

The present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application. In addition, it should be noted that, for convenience of description, only some but not all structures related to the present application are shown in the drawings.

In the description of this application, unless otherwise explicitly stipulated and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body. ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the circumstances.

In this application, unless otherwise explicitly stated and limited, the term "above" or "below" a first feature on a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may also include the first and second features. Not in direct contact but through additional characteristic contact between them. Furthermore, the terms "above", "above" and "above" a first feature on a second feature include the first feature being directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. “Below”, “under” and “under” the first feature is the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplified operation, rather than instructions. or to imply that the device or element referred to must be oriented, constructed, and operate in a particular orientation. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

This application provides a quick installation device for a power battery. As shown in Figure 1, it includes a battery end assembly 1 and a vehicle end assembly 2. The battery end assembly 1 is fixed on the power battery, and the vehicle end assembly 2 is fixed on the vehicle body. The terminal assembly 2 cooperates with the battery terminal assembly 1 to unlock or lock the power battery on the vehicle body. It should be noted that, usually, multiple battery terminal assemblies 1 are arranged symmetrically and spaced apart along the hanging points of the power battery. Correspondingly, multiple vehicle terminal components 2 are respectively provided, and multiple vehicle terminal components 2 and multiple vehicle terminal components 2 are provided. The battery terminal components 1 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence to realize multi-point locking installation of the power battery, with firm locking and high reliability.

In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2, the battery terminal assembly 1 includes a locking tongue 11. The locking tongue 11 includes a sliding portion 111 and a protruding portion 112 connected to each other. The structure is simple and helps simplify the structure of the battery terminal assembly 1. It only needs The pallet supports and lifts the power battery so that it can be quickly replaced or disassembled, which reduces the requirements for power replacement equipment and has good versatility.

2 and 3, the vehicle end assembly 2 includes a housing 21, a locking shaft 22, a locking block 23 and a control assembly 24. The housing 21 is fixed on the vehicle body, and the locking shaft 22 is rotatably connected to the housing 21. , the locking block 23 is connected to the lock shaft 22 for changing and limiting the rotation direction of the lock shaft 22. For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 5, the housing 21 has a vertical slide 211 and a receiving cavity 212, and the sliding portion 111 of the lock tongue 11 can be slidably connected to the slide 211. Inside, the protruding portion 112 of the lock tongue 11 protrudes from the slide 211; the first end of the lock shaft 22 is provided with lock teeth 221, and the lock teeth 221 can engage with the protruding portion 112 of the lock tongue 11 to achieve locking or unlocking; lock The second end of the shaft 22 is provided with a driving tooth 222. The driving tooth 222 is coaxially arranged with the locking tooth 221 and the driving tooth 222 is located in the accommodation cavity 212; the locking block 23 has a sector ring structure, as shown in Figures 3 and 6. The large-diameter end of the structure is a concave arc, and internal teeth 231 are provided on the concave arc. The small-diameter end of the fan ring structure is provided with a limiting groove 232 extending along the arc direction of the small-diameter end. The locking block 23 is located in the accommodation cavity 212. When the locking blocks 23 respectively abut against the inner walls of both sides of the accommodating cavity 212 , the internal teeth 231 can be engaged with or separated from the driving teeth 222 to limit the rotation direction of the driving teeth 222 . It can be seen that the vehicle end assembly 2 is provided with a mechanical transmission structure for unlocking and locking the battery end assembly 1. By limiting the rotation direction of the driving teeth 222, it is conducive to the smooth implementation of the locking and unlocking process, and in the power battery Unlocking is achieved under the action of gravity. When locking, only the pallet lifting power battery is required to rise. The unlocking and locking process is simple, easy to control, and the locking is reliable. The control component 24 can control the movement of the locking block 23 to respectively stop against the inner walls of both sides of the accommodation cavity 212. The control component 24 is communicatively connected with the vehicle controller.

This application provides a quick installation device for a power battery. The vehicle-side component 2 includes a control component 24. The control component 24 is communicatively connected with the vehicle controller to realize the vehicle-side drive and control of unlocking and locking the power battery, which is conducive to simplicity. The battery-swapping platform equipment has good versatility and can not rely on the exclusive battery-swapping equipment of the battery-swapping station. That is, in any battery-swapping station and in any situation, the locking tongue 11 of the battery-side component 1 and the locking teeth 221 of the vehicle-side component 2 are snap-on fast. It has the advantages of fast power replacement, simple mechanism and high reliability.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 3 , the control assembly 24 also includes a control gear 241 , a rack 242 , a driving mechanism 243 , an electronic control module 244 and a connector module 245 . The control gear 241 is located in the accommodation cavity 212 , and the control gear 241 is located in the accommodation cavity 212 . 241 is provided with an elastic guide rod 2411 extending in the circumferential direction. The guide rod 2411 can slide in the limiting groove 232 and drive the locking block 23 to move. One end of the rack 242 is meshed and connected with the control gear 241; the output end of the driving mechanism 243 is connected to one end of the rack 242 to drive the movement of the rack 242; the electronic control module 244 is communicatively connected with the driving mechanism 243; the connector module 245 is installed on The outside of the housing 21 is used to connect to the vehicle controller, and the connector module 245 is connected to the electronic control module 244 .

With reference to Figures 1-6, in this embodiment, the function of the control component 24 is to adjust the position of the locking block 23 before locking and unlocking the power battery. As shown in Figure 3, before locking , the control component 24 first controls the locking block 23 to move to the leftmost end of the accommodating cavity 212 and against the side wall of the accommodating cavity 212. At this time, since the left side of the locking block 23 is limited in movement, the driving teeth on the lock shaft 22 The clockwise rotation tendency of 222 is limited. Therefore, the driving teeth 222 can only rotate counterclockwise. Correspondingly, the locking teeth 221 on the lock shaft 22 can only rotate clockwise. In the position shown in Figure 1, the battery terminal assembly 1. When lifting and moving upward, the lock teeth 221 can be driven to rotate clockwise to snap into place and then stop. At this time, since the counterclockwise rotation of the lock teeth 221 is restricted, the power battery is locked. The unlocking process is reversed, and there are relevant instructions in the quick installation method of the power battery below. The connector module 245 can be connected to the vehicle controller, so the electronic control module 244 can receive control instructions from the vehicle controller through the connector module 245, including locking instructions or unlocking instructions, so as to realize the charging of the power battery. Unlocked vehicle controls. The connector module 245 is installed on the outside of the housing 21, and the outer end Set pin components to connect and plug with the vehicle controller to realize the transmission of signals and power.

It should be added that in this embodiment, half of the circumferential direction of the control gear 241 is a gear structure, and the other half is used to install the guide rod 2411 to facilitate the adjustment and limitation of the rotation angle of the guide rod 2411. The gear structure of the control gear 241 and the rack 242 are connected by a gear and rack transmission. Similarly, the driving mechanism 243 and the rack 242 are also connected by a gear and rack transmission. As shown in Figure 8, the rack 242 is connected by a gear structure. The first end is a large tooth 2421, which is configured to mesh and drive with the control gear 241. The second end of the rack 242 is a small tooth 2422, which is configured to be connected to the output end of the driving mechanism 243. The output shaft of the driving mechanism 243 is connected to the small tooth. 2422 meshing transmission realizes the movement of the rack 242, thereby accurately controlling the moving distance of the rack 242. Among them, the length of the large teeth 2421 on the rack 242 is the same as the spread length of the gear structure on the control gear 241. Therefore, the rack 242 and the control gear 241 can realize the transmission connection between the two extreme positions, which facilitates the movement of the locking block 23. Limit the space to reduce the space occupied by the design.

Optionally, the housing 21 has a bearing hole 213, and the lock shaft 22 is passed through the bearing hole 213 to be rotationally connected to the housing 21.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the locking teeth 221 at one end of the locking shaft 22 are detachably connected to the locking shaft 22 body. When installed, the driving teeth 222 are located in the accommodation cavity 212 of the housing 21, and the locking shaft 22 is One end passes through the bearing hole 213, and then the locking tooth 221 is installed on one end of the lock shaft 22. The locking tooth 221 is located on the outside of the housing 21, corresponding to the position of the slide 211 on the outside of the housing 21. For example, the bearing hole 213 The axis is facing the locking position of the lock tongue 11 in the slide 211, that is, the connection between the axis and the locking position is a horizontal line, which facilitates the power battery to slide to lock and unlock along the slide 211 from bottom to top. In this application, the slide 211 shown in Figure 1 is provided on the left side of the lock tooth 221 as an example. From the side of the lock tooth 221, the lock tooth 221 can only rotate clockwise when locked, and can only rotate counterclockwise when unlocked. From the back side shown in Figure 2, the drive tooth 222 can only rotate counterclockwise when locked and clockwise when unlocked. However, it should be understood that the locking teeth 221 and the driving teeth 222 rotate coaxially, have different reference surfaces, and have different expressions of rotation directions.

Optionally, the control gear 241 has a mounting hole 2412, an elastic member is disposed in the mounting hole 2412, the guide rod 2411 is inserted in the mounting hole 2412 and can compress the elastic member to expand and contract, so that the guide rod 2411 can stop against the control gear 241 and between locking blocks 23.

As shown in Figure 7, the mounting hole 2412 is provided in the circumferential direction of the body of the control gear 241, disconnecting the gear structure of the control gear 241. Only the gear structure is provided on the semicircle, so that the length of the gear structure after unfolding in the circumferential direction is equal to The lengths of the racks 242 are equal to facilitate mesh transmission and position definition. A spring is first installed in the mounting hole 2412. The guide rod 2411 compresses the spring and is inserted into the mounting hole 2412 to form an elastic guide rod 2411. During installation, the top end of the guide rod 2411 abuts against the limiting groove 232 of the locking block 23 for positioning. As shown in Figure 3, when the driving mechanism 243 drives the rack 242 to move to the left, the control gear 241 rotates clockwise, and the guide rod 2411 rotates clockwise and will also drive the locking block 23 to move. Since the locking block 23 and the driving gear 222 is engaged, the locking block 23 moves to the right and downwards, and at the same time, the guide rod 2411 is compressed downward until the locking block 23 moves to the right. Against the side wall of the accommodation cavity 212, the locking block 23 is separated from the driving teeth 222. The counterclockwise rotation of the driving teeth 222 is limited and can only rotate clockwise. Corresponding to the side of the locking teeth 221, the locking teeth 221 can only rotate counterclockwise. , easy to unlock.

Optionally, the two sides of the small diameter end of the locking block 23 are provided with stepped surfaces 233, and the control gear 241 is provided with a limiting plate 2413 at one end facing the mounting hole 2412. The limiting plate 2413 is in contact with the stepped surface 233 for axial movement. Limit.

As shown in Figure 6, the side surfaces on both sides of the bottom of the limit groove 232 are cut with flat bottom grooves to form step surfaces 233. As shown in Figure 7, at least one side of the control gear 241 is provided with a limit plate 2413, and the side surfaces of the limit plate 2413 are installed during installation. When it is in contact with the bottom surface of the flat-bottomed groove on either side, and the top end of the limit plate 2413 offsets the end surface of the step surface 233, the axial position limit between the control gear 241 and the locking block 23 is realized, ensuring that The guide rod 2411 is always located in the limiting groove 232 .

Optionally, the vehicle-end assembly 2 also includes two sensors 25 . The two sensors 25 are provided in the slide 211 and respectively correspond to the locking position and the unlocking position of the lock tongue 11 . The sensor 25 is connected with the electronic control module. 244 communication connection.

As shown in Figures 2 and 5, the housing 21 is provided with a mounting position for the sensor 25. Two sensors 25 are installed on the housing 21 and have probes exposed in the slide 211. The sensors 25 are configured to detect the position of the lock tongue 11. In order to detect whether the locking and unlocking are in place, whether the locking is reliable and other functions. The sensor 25 is connected to the electronic control module 244 to send the detection signal to the electronic control module 244. The electronic control module 244 feeds back the detection signal to the vehicle controller through the connector module 245 to monitor the locking and unlocking conditions of the power battery. .

Optionally, the vehicle end assembly 2 further includes a damping block 26 . The damping block 26 is provided at one end of the slideway 211 facing the locking position. The lock tongue 11 can stop against the damping block 26 when in the locking position.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the damping block 26 is installed on the top of the slide 211 and fixed on the housing 21. The damping block 26 can be embedded and installed on the housing 21 on the top of the slide 211 from bottom to top. The embedding method It is convenient to replace the damping block 26 in time. The damping block 26 can block the rising of the lock tongue 11 so that it is fixed in the locking position. The damping block 26 is made of elastic material, such as damping rubber. The elasticity of the damping block 26 can absorb the gap between the lock tongue 11 and the top of the slide 211 when locked to reduce the amount of movement of the lock tongue 11 and prevent the lock tongue 11 from sliding on the slide 211. Movement in the middle ensures the stability of the lock between the power battery and the vehicle. Among them, the sliding part 111 of the lock tongue 11 has a cylindrical structure, and the slideway 211 can provide a stable lifting track for the lock tongue 11 and play the functions of guiding, introduction and restriction.

The casing 21 also includes a back cover 214 and a sealing strip. The back cover 214 is used to seal the accommodation cavity 212. At the same time, sealing foam is provided between the back cover 214 and the casing 21, which can improve the sealing level of the casing 21. Prevent rain, snow, dust and other impurities from entering the accommodation cavity 212, prevent oxidation and corrosion of internal components of the accommodation cavity 212, and prevent the transmission system from getting stuck. A sealing ring is provided at the bearing hole 213 to seal the rotation gap between the sealing shaft 22 and the bearing hole 213 .

This application also provides a quick installation method for a power battery, including a locking process and an unlocking process of the power battery, which are described separately below.

Power battery locking process:

S11, the control component 24 receives the locking command and drives the rack 242 through the driving mechanism 243 to drive the control gear 241 to rotate until the guide rod 2411 on the control gear 241 drives the locking block 23 to contact the inner wall of one side of the accommodation cavity 212. When, the driving tooth 222 has a clockwise rotation limit, and the locking tooth 221 can only rotate clockwise;

After step S11, the vehicle end assembly 2 is in a locked state, waiting for the power battery to be locked in place. Figure 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of the back side of the housing 21 in the locked state. In this state, the lock teeth 221 shown in Figure 4 can only rotate clockwise.

S12, use an external tray to lift the power battery under the vehicle end assembly 2 so that the position of the lock tongue 11 corresponds to the position of the slide 211;

S13, the tray continues to lift the power battery upward, and the lock tongue 11 slides upward along the slide 211 until the lock tongue 11 touches the lock teeth 221;

S14, the lock tongue 11 continues to slide upward and drives the lock teeth 221 to rotate clockwise until the lock tongue 11 is locked in place, the tray is removed, and the power battery is locked on the vehicle end assembly 2;

In this state, the sensor 25 will send the lock tongue 11 locking position signal to the electronic control module 244, and send it to the vehicle controller through the connector module 245 to complete the locking command. It can be seen that during the locking process of the power battery, the locking process only needs to be continuously raised by the tray to support the power battery, and the lock teeth 221 have an anti-reverse effect and are engaged with the lock tongue 11, which greatly improves the efficiency and simplicity of battery replacement. The power swapping step and the quick installation method have low requirements for power swapping equipment, so quick power swapping can be completed at any power swapping station and in any situation.

Power battery unlocking process:

S21, support the tray under the power battery;

S22, after receiving the unlocking signal, the control component 24 drives the rack 242 to move in the reverse direction through the driving mechanism 243. When the locking block 23 contacts the opposite inner wall of the accommodation cavity 212, the driving tooth 222 has a counterclockwise rotation limit. The lock teeth 221 can only rotate counterclockwise;

3 and 4, the driving mechanism 243 drives the rack 242 to move to the right, controls the rack 242 to rotate and drives the guide rod 2411 to slide to the right in the limiting groove 232 until it drives the locking block 23 to move to the right. The internal teeth 231 on the block 23 are in mesh with the driving teeth 222. When the locking block 23 moves, the guide rod 2411 is compressed and moves downward to the right until it separates from the driving teeth 222. The right side of the locking block 23 stops against the accommodation. On the right side wall of the cavity 212, the driving tooth 222 has a counterclockwise rotation limit at this time, while the locking tooth 221 can only rotate counterclockwise outside the housing 21.

S23, moving downward under the gravity of the power battery, the lock tongue 11 drives the lock teeth 221 to rotate counterclockwise. To unlock the lock tongue 11;

S24, the power battery continues to drop to the unlocking position, and the power battery is unlocked.

When the lock tongue 11 moves to the unlocking position, the sensor 25 will send an unlocking signal to the electronic control module 244 and send it to the vehicle controller through the connector module 245 to complete the unlocking command.

This application provides a quick installation method for power batteries. Before locking and unlocking, the rotation direction of the driving teeth 222 is initially set, so that the lock teeth 221 can only rotate clockwise in the locked state, and the lock teeth 221 in the unlocked state. 221 can only rotate counterclockwise, which improves the reliable control of locking and unlocking, and the battery replacement speed is fast; when the power battery is locked and unlocked, it only needs the tray support to hold the power battery, and the power battery can be locked and unlocked under the action of gravity , simple structure, convenient control, and good versatility.

This application also provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body, a power battery, and a quick installation device for the power battery provided by this application. The vehicle end assembly 2 and the battery end assembly 1 in the power battery quick installation device can cooperate to The power battery is unlocked or locked on the vehicle body. The vehicle provided by this application can be a new energy electric vehicle. The power battery is installed on the vehicle body through the cooperation of the vehicle end component 2 and the battery end component 1 in the power battery quick installation device provided by this application, which simplifies the quick installation of the power battery. The installation structure and quick installation method realize vehicle-side controlled disassembly and assembly of the power battery, which is conducive to simplifying the battery replacement platform, improving the disassembly and assembly efficiency, and making the locking and unlocking of the power battery highly reliable.

Claims

A quick installation device for power batteries, including:

Battery terminal assembly (1), the battery terminal assembly (1) is fixed on the power battery, the battery terminal assembly (1) includes a lock tongue (11), the lock tongue (11) includes mutually connected sliding parts ( 111) and protrusion (112);

The vehicle end assembly (2) is fixed on the vehicle body; the vehicle end assembly (2) cooperates with the battery end assembly (1) to unlock or lock the power battery on the vehicle body. On the vehicle body;

The vehicle end component (2) includes:

The housing (21) is fixed on the vehicle body. The housing (21) has a vertical slideway (211) and a receiving cavity (212). The locking tongue (21) The sliding part (111) of 11) can be slidably connected in the slideway (211), and the protruding part (112) of the lock tongue (11) protrudes from the slideway (211);

Lock shaft (22). The lock shaft (22) is rotatably connected to the housing (21). The first end of the lock shaft (22) is provided with lock teeth (221). The lock teeth (221) ) can engage with the protruding portion (112) of the lock tongue (11) to achieve locking or unlocking; the second end of the lock shaft (22) is provided with a driving tooth (222), and the driving tooth (222) is coaxially arranged with the locking teeth (221) and the driving teeth (222) are located in the accommodation cavity (212);

Locking block (23), the locking block (23) is a fan ring structure, the large diameter end of the fan ring structure is a concave arc, the concave arc is provided with internal teeth (231), the fan ring The small diameter end of the structure is provided with a limiting groove (232) extending along the arc direction of the small diameter end. The locking block (23) is located in the accommodation cavity (212). When the locking block (23) When respectively stopping against the inner walls of both sides of the accommodation cavity (212), the internal teeth (231) can engage or separate the driving teeth (222) to adjust the rotation direction of the driving teeth (222). limit;

Control assembly (24), the control assembly (24) can control the movement of the locking block (23) to respectively stop against the inner walls on both sides of the accommodation cavity (212), the control assembly (24) Communicates with the vehicle controller.
The power battery quick installation device according to claim 1, wherein the control component (24) includes:

Control gear (241), the control gear (241) is located in the accommodation cavity (212), the control gear (241) is provided with a guide rod (2411) extending in the circumferential direction, the guide rod (2411 ) can slide in the limiting groove (232) and drive the locking block (23) to move;

Rack (242), the first end of the rack (242) is meshed with the control gear (241);

Driving mechanism (243), the output end of the driving mechanism (243) is connected to the second end of the rack (242) to drive the movement of the rack (242);

An electronic control module (244), the electronic control module (244) is communicatively connected with the driving mechanism (243);

Connector module (245), the connector module (245) is installed outside the housing (21) to connect the vehicle controller, the connector module (245) and the electronic control module (244)Connection.
The quick-installation device of a power battery according to claim 1, wherein the housing (21) has a bearing hole (213), and the locking shaft (22) is inserted into the bearing hole (213) to rotate. Connected to the housing (21).
The power battery quick installation device according to claim 2, wherein the control gear (241) has a mounting hole (2412), an elastic member is provided in the mounting hole (2412), and the guide rod (2411) is inserted into is provided in the mounting hole (2412) and can compress the elastic member to expand and contract, so that the guide rod (2411) can stop between the control gear (241) and the locking block (23) .
The power battery quick installation device according to claim 4, wherein the two sides of the small diameter end of the locking block (23) are provided with step surfaces (233), and the control gear (241) faces the installation A limiting plate (2413) is provided at one end of the hole (2412), and the limiting plate (2413) is in contact with the step surface (233) for axial limiting.
The power battery quick installation device according to claim 2, wherein the vehicle-end assembly (2) further includes two sensors (25), and the two sensors (25) are arranged on the slideway (211) Corresponding to the locking position and the unlocking position of the lock tongue (11), the sensor (25) is communicatively connected with the electronic control module (244).
The power battery quick installation device according to claim 6, wherein the vehicle end assembly (2) further includes a damping block (26), the damping block (26) is disposed on the slideway (211) toward the direction of the At one end of the locking position, the lock tongue (11) can stop against the damping block (26) when in the locking position.
The quick installation device of a power battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the battery terminal assembly (1) and the vehicle terminal assembly (2) are each provided with a plurality of vehicle terminal components. The component (2) is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of battery terminal components (1).
A quick installation method of power battery, according to the quick installation device of power battery according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the quick installation method of power battery includes:

Power battery locking process:

When the control component (24) receives the locking command and the driving locking block (23) contacts the inner wall of one side of the accommodation cavity (212), the driving teeth (222) have clockwise rotation limits, and the locking teeth (221) can only clockwise rotation;

Use an external tray to lift the power battery under the vehicle end assembly (2) so that the position of the lock tongue (11) corresponds to the slideway (211);

The tray continues to lift the power battery upward, and the lock tongue (11) slides upward along the slideway (211) until the lock tongue (11) touches the lock teeth (221);

The lock tongue (11) continues to slide upward and drives the lock teeth (221) to rotate clockwise until the lock tongue (11) is locked in place, the tray is removed, and the power battery is locked on the vehicle. endComponent(2);

The power battery unlocking process:

Support the tray below the power battery;

After the control component (24) receives the unlocking signal and drives the locking block (23) to contact the opposite inner wall of the accommodation cavity (212), the driving tooth (222) has a counterclockwise rotation limit. position, the lock teeth (221) can only rotate counterclockwise;

Under the gravity of the power battery, the lock teeth (221) rotate counterclockwise to unlock the lock tongue (11);

The power battery continues to drop to the unlocking position, and the power battery is unlocked.
A vehicle, including a vehicle body, a power battery, and a power battery quick installation device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, in which the vehicle terminal assembly (2) and the battery terminal The component (1) can cooperate to unlock or lock the power battery on the vehicle body.