WO2023236982A1 - 一种菲啶衍生物及及其应用 - Google Patents

一种菲啶衍生物及及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2023236982A1
WO2023236982A1 PCT/CN2023/098819 CN2023098819W WO2023236982A1 WO 2023236982 A1 WO2023236982 A1 WO 2023236982A1 CN 2023098819 W CN2023098819 W CN 2023098819W WO 2023236982 A1 WO2023236982 A1 WO 2023236982A1
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substituted
unsubstituted
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aryl
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曹建华
冯静
张九敏
李程辉
刘殿君
唐伟
唐怡杰
王志杰
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北京八亿时空液晶科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023236982A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023236982A1/zh

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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of organic electroluminescent materials, and in particular to a phenanthridine derivative and its application.
  • organic luminescence refers to the phenomenon of emitting light when electric energy is applied to an organic substance; that is, when an organic layer is arranged between an anode and a cathode, if a voltage is applied between the two electrodes, holes will be injected from the anode. To the organic layer, electrons are injected from the cathode to the organic layer; when the injected holes and electrons meet, excitons are formed. When the excitons transition to the ground state, they emit light and heat.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a phenanthridine derivative, which can improve the thermal stability of the material and the ability to transport carriers.
  • the organic electroluminescent element prepared by using the phenanthridine derivative can significantly reduce the driving force. voltage, improve luminous efficiency and lifespan; another object of the present invention is to provide applications of the compound.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • the invention provides a phenanthridine derivative, the structural formula of which is shown in formula (I):
  • L 1 is selected from the group consisting of a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 arylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 heteroarylene group;
  • X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 , and X 6 are each independently N or CR 1 ;
  • Y is selected from O, S, CR 2 R 3 , SiR 4 R 5 or NAr 2 ;
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 appear, they are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, fluorine, hydroxyl, nitrile, nitro, carboxyl, carboxylate and sulfonic acid.
  • sulfonate group phosphate group, phosphate group, C 1 -C 40 alkyl group, C 1 -C 40 alkoxy group, C 2 -C 40 alkenyl group, C 1 -C 40 alkylthio group, C 1 - C 40 alkoxy, C 3 -C 40 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 40 alkyl sulfoxide, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl Oxygen group, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl sulfoxide group, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 40 silyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 40 silyl group A group consisting of a substituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstitute
  • Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 fused ring aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 hetero group.
  • a group of ring aromatic groups are independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 fused ring aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 hetero group.
  • each time R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 appear they are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, fluorine, nitrile, methyl, phenyl, diphenyl, The group consisting of terphenyl, naphthyl, phenanthrenyl, triphenylene, carbazolyl, fluorenyl, dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene.
  • said R1 is selected from hydrogen or deuterium.
  • each of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, phenyl, and fluorenyl.
  • the Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of the following groups: benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, benzanthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, Perylene, fluoranthene, tetracene, pentacene, benzopyrene, biphenyl, aiphenyl, terphenyl, tetraphenyl, terphenyl, fluorene, spirobifluorene, dihydrophenanthrene, dihydropyrene, tetrahydrogen Pyrene, cis or trans indenofluorene, cis or trans indenocarbazole, cis or trans indolocarbazole, trimeric indene, isotrimeric indene, spirotrimeric indene, spiroisotrimeric Indene, furan, benzofuran, isobenzofuran, dibenzofuran, pyrene
  • the Ar 1 is selected from the group consisting of the following groups II-1 to II-17:
  • Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, nitrile group, nitro, amino, amidine group, hydrazine group, hydrazone group, carboxyl group, carboxylate group, sulfonic acid group, and sulfonate group , phosphate group, phosphate group, C 1 -C 40 alkyl group, C 2 -C 40 alkenyl group, C 2 -C 40 alkynyl group, C 1 -C 40 alkoxy group, C 3 -C 40 cycloalkyl group, C 3 -C 40 cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl sulfide group , or a group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C
  • T 1 is O, S, CR'R" or NAr';
  • R', R" are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, C 1 to C 40 alkyl group, C 1 to C 40 heteroalkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 to C 60 aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted A group consisting of C 6 -C 60 arylamine groups, or substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 heterocyclic aryl groups, two or more adjacent groups of R' and R" are optionally bonded Or fused to form another one or more substituted or unsubstituted rings, containing or not containing one or more heteroatoms N, P, B, O or S in the formed ring; preferably, R', R ” is methyl, phenyl or fluorenyl;
  • Ar' is selected from C 1 to C 40 alkyl, C 1 to C 40 heteroalkyl, C 3 to C 40 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted A group consisting of a C 6 -C 60 fused ring aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 arylamine group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 heterocyclic aryl group; preferably, Ar' is methyl, ethyl, phenyl, biphenyl or naphthyl;
  • the L 1 is selected from the group consisting of the following groups III-1 to III-15:
  • Z 11 and Z 12 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterated hydrogen, halogen atom, hydroxyl group, nitrile group, nitro group, amino group, amidine group, hydrazine group, hydrazone group, carboxyl group, carboxylate group, sulfonic acid group, sulfonic acid Base group, phosphate group, phosphate group, C 1 -C 40 alkyl group, C 2 -C 40 alkenyl group, C 2 -C 40 alkynyl group, C 1 -C 40 alkoxy group, C 3 -C 40 cycloalkane group, C 3 -C 40 cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl sulfide An ether group, or a group consisting of substituted or unsubstit
  • Z 13 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl sulfide group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group.
  • T 2 is a single bond, oxygen atom or sulfur atom
  • substituted or unsubstituted means one selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen atom, hydroxyl group, nitrile group, nitro group, amino group, amidino group, hydrazine group, hydrazone group, carboxyl group, carboxylic acid Base group, sulfonic acid group, sulfonate group, phosphate group, phosphate group, C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, C 3 -C 60 cycloalkyl group, C 3 -C 60 cycloalkenyl group, C 6 -C 60 aryl group, C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, C 6 -C 60 aryl sulfide group and C 2 -
  • One or more substituents in the C 60 heterocyclic aryl group may be substituted or unsubstitin
  • the phenanthridine derivative is selected from the compounds represented by the following formulas J383-J474:
  • *—Y—* is selected from *—O—*, *—S—* or one of the following structures:
  • *—T 3 —* is selected from *—O—*, *—S—* or one of the following structures:
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned phenanthridine derivatives, as shown in Scheme 1:
  • the raw materials for synthesizing the compound represented by formula (I) can be purchased through commercial channels.
  • the principle, operation process, conventional post-treatment, column purification, recrystallization purification and other means are well known to synthetic practitioners in the field and can be Implement the synthesis process and obtain the target product.
  • the compound of formula (I) is an imine prepared by performing an addition reaction between a compound S0 containing a nitrile group and having a dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, carbazole or fluorene structure and an organolithium reagent or a Grignard reagent.
  • Intermediate S1; imine intermediate is subjected to free radical cyclization reaction to prepare compound formula (I).
  • the intermediate Ar 1 -L 1 X is prepared by palladium-catalyzed or base-catalyzed coupling reaction.
  • a palladium catalyst that can be used for palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction, it can be selected from: Pd(P- t Bu 3 ) 2 , Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , Pd 2 (dba) 3 , Pd 2 (dba) 3 CHCl 3 , PdCl 2 (PPh 3 ) 2 , PdCl 2 (CH 3 CN) 2 , Pd(OAc) 2 , Pd(acac) 2 , Pd/C, PdCl 2 , [Pd(allyl)Cl] 2, etc., or use two mixture of one or more species.
  • the base used in the palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction or the base-catalyzed coupling reaction can be selected from: sodium tert-butoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium hydride, lithium hydride, sodium tert-amyloxide, sodium ethoxide, sodium methoxide, carbonic acid Sodium, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, lithium, potassium hydride, triethylamine, cesium fluoride, etc., as well as one or a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • the coupling reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent can be selected from: diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol Ether solvents such as methyl ether, diglyme, or anisole, aromatic hydrocarbon agents such as benzene, toluene, and xylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N- One type or a mixture of two or more types of dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane, etc. can be used.
  • the organic solvent can be selected from: diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, ethylene glycol
  • the present invention also provides an organic electroluminescent material, the raw material of which includes the above-mentioned phenanthridine derivative; the organic electroluminescent material including the phenanthridine derivative of the present invention has the ability of carrier transport.
  • the present invention also provides the use of the above-mentioned phenanthridine derivative in preparing organic electroluminescent elements.
  • the present invention also provides an organic electroluminescent element, which includes: a first electrode, a second electrode, a capping layer and one or more organic layers placed between the first electrode and the second electrode;
  • the material of at least one layer in the organic layer or capping layer includes the above-mentioned phenanthridine derivative.
  • the organic electroluminescent element includes a cathode, an anode and at least one light-emitting layer. In addition to these layers, it may contain further layers, for example in each case one or more hole injection layers, hole transport layers, hole blocking layers, electron transport layers, electron injection layers, excitation layers, etc. sub-blocking layer, electron blocking layer and/or charge generating layer. An intermediate layer having, for example, an exciton blocking function can also be introduced between the two luminescent layers. However, it should be noted that each of these layers does not necessarily have to be present.
  • the organic electroluminescent device described herein may include one light emitting layer, or it may include multiple light emitting layers.
  • a plurality of light-emitting compounds capable of emitting light are used in the light-emitting layer.
  • Particularly preferred are systems with three luminescent layers, wherein the three layers can exhibit blue, green and red luminescence. If more than one luminescent layer is present, according to the invention at least one of these layers contains a phenanthridine derivative of the invention.
  • the organic electroluminescent element according to the present invention does not include a separate hole injection layer and/or hole transport layer and/or hole blocking layer and/or electron transport layer, that is, the light-emitting layer and the electron blocking layer or hole transport layer
  • the hole transport layer or the anode is directly adjacent, and/or the light emitting layer is directly adjacent to the electron transport layer or electron injection layer or the cathode.
  • organic electroluminescent components are preferred in which one or more layers are applied by means of a sublimation method, wherein the layer is deposited by vapor deposition in a vacuum sublimation device at an initial pressure of less than 10 -5 Pa, preferably less than 10 -6 Pa. Apply the material.
  • the initial pressure may also be even lower, for example below 10 -7 Pa.
  • organic electroluminescent elements in which one or more layers are applied by means of an organic vapor deposition method or by means of carrier gas sublimation, wherein the material is applied at a pressure of between 10 ⁇ 5 Pa and 1 Pa.
  • a particular example of this method is the organic vapor jet printing method, in which the material is applied directly through a nozzle and is therefore structured.
  • organic electroluminescent elements produced from solution, for example by spin coating, or by means of any desired printing method, such as screen printing, flexographic printing, lithography, photothermography, thermal transfer printing, spray printing, etc. Ink printing or nozzle printing to produce one or more layers. Soluble compounds are obtained, for example, by appropriate substitution. These methods are also particularly suitable for oligomers, dendrimers and polymers. Furthermore, hybrid methods are possible, in which one or more layers are applied, for example, from solution and one or more further layers are applied by vapor deposition.
  • the invention therefore also relates to a method for producing an organic electroluminescent element according to the invention, applying at least one layer by means of a sublimation method, and/or characterized in that at least one layer is applied by means of an organic vapor deposition method or by means of carrier gas sublimation. layers, and/or is characterized in that at least one layer is applied by spin coating from solution or by means of printing methods.
  • the present invention relates to comprising at least one phenanthridine derivative according to the invention indicated above.
  • phenanthridine derivatives according to the invention indicated above.
  • other compounds may preferably be included in addition to the phenanthridine derivatives.
  • Processing the phenanthridine derivatives of the invention from the liquid phase requires processing of the formulation of the compounds of the invention.
  • These formulations may be, for example, solutions, dispersions or emulsions.
  • mixtures of two or more solvents may preferably be used.
  • Suitable and preferred solvents are, for example, toluene, anisole, o-, m- or p-xylene, methyl benzoate, mesitylene, tetralin, o-dimethoxybenzene, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, Tetrahydropyran, chlorobenzene, dioxane, phenoxytoluene, especially 3-phenoxytoluene, (-)-fenone, 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2, 4,5-Tetramethylbenzene, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylbenzothiazole, 2-phenoxyethanol, 2-pyrrolidone, 3-methylanisole, 4-methylanisole, 3,4-dimethylanisole, 3,5-dimethylanisole, acetophenone, ⁇ -terpineol, benzothiazole, butyl benzoate, cumene, cyclohexanol, cyclohe
  • the organic layer includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a hole blocking layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer or an electron blocking layer.
  • the present invention also provides a consumer product, which includes the above-mentioned organic electroluminescent element.
  • the raw materials used in the present invention can be purchased from commercial stores. Any range recorded in the present invention includes the end value and any value between the end value and the end value or any value between the end value. Any subrange formed by.
  • the phenanthridine derivative represented by formula (I) provided by the invention has a large planar structure in which heteroatoms are bonded to phenanthridine, which increases the conjugation area of the phenanthrene or azaphenanthrene molecule, improves the thermal stability, film-forming performance and transportation of the molecule.
  • the carrier capability is improved, and the application of this compound in organic electroluminescent components can significantly reduce the driving voltage, improve luminous efficiency and lifespan.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an organic light-emitting device 100
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an organic light-emitting device 200 with two light-emitting layers
  • Figure 2 201-substrate, 202-anode, 203-hole injection, 204-hole transport layer, 205-first light-emitting layer, 206-electron transport layer, 207-charge generation layer, 208-hole injection layer, 209-hole transport layer, 210-second light-emitting layer, 211-electron transport layer, 212-electron injection layer, 213-cathode.
  • test instruments and methods for performance testing of OLED materials and components in the following examples are as follows:
  • Luminance and chromaticity coordinates tested using spectral scanner PhotoResearch PR-715;
  • the preparation method of compound J385 includes the following steps:
  • Y is selected from *—O—*, *—S—* or one of the following structures:
  • T 3 is selected from *—O—*, *—S—* or one of the following structures:
  • the OLED element of this embodiment is a top-emitting light-emitting element, including a substrate 101, an anode layer 102 provided on the substrate 101, a hole injection layer 103 provided on the anode layer 102, The hole transport layer 104 provided on the hole injection layer 103, the electron blocking layer 105 provided on the hole transport layer 104, the organic light emitting layer 106 provided on the electron blocking layer 105, the organic light emitting layer 106 provided on the organic light emitting layer 106.
  • the illustrations of the electron transport layer 107, the electron injection layer 108 provided on the electron transport layer 107, the cathode layer 109 provided on the electron injection layer 108, and the capping layer 110 provided on the cathode 109 are not necessarily drawn to scale; the device is 100 may be fabricated by sequentially depositing the described layers.
  • the preparation method of the OLED element includes the following steps:
  • An organic electroluminescent element 200 has a structure as shown in Figure 2, which includes a substrate 201, anode 202, hole injection 203, hole transport layer 204, first light emitting layer 205, electron transport layer 206, charge generation layer 207, hole injection layer 208, hole transport layer 209, second light emitting layer 210, electron transport layer 211, electron injection layer 212 and cathode 213.
  • Device 200 may be prepared by sequentially depositing the described layers. Because the most common OLED device has one luminescent layer, and the device 200 has a first luminescent layer and a second luminescent layer, the luminescence peak shapes of the first luminescent layer and the second luminescent layer may be overlapping or cross-overlapping or non-overlapping. . In corresponding layers of device 200, materials similar to those described with respect to device 100 may be used.
  • Figure 2 provides an example of how some layers may be added from the structure of device 100.
  • a digital source meter and a luminance meter were used to measure the driving voltage and current efficiency of the organic electroluminescent elements prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Example 1, as well as the lifetime of the elements. Specifically, increase the voltage at a rate of 0.1V per second, measure the voltage when the brightness of the organic electroluminescent element reaches 1000cd/ m2 , which is the driving voltage, and measure the current density at this time; the ratio of brightness to current density That is the current efficiency; the LT95% life test is as follows: use a luminance meter to maintain a constant current at a brightness of 1000cd/ m2 , and measure the time for the brightness of the organic electroluminescent element to decay to 950cd/ m2 , in hours. The data listed in Table 2 are relative data compared to Comparative Element 1.
  • Me is methyl
  • Ph is phenyl
  • PhPh is biphenyl
  • Nap is naphthyl
  • the difference between the compound ET01 in Comparative Example 1 and the present invention is that the single phenanthridine ring has weak planar conjugation ability, resulting in high voltage and low efficiency.
  • the compound of the present invention introduces oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, silicon and other heteroatoms on the basis of the phenanthridine ring, which improves the conjugation ability of the mother core, so it has excellent performance in molecular film formation and charge transmission. The internal charge transfer is more balanced and the component performance is improved.

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Abstract

本发明涉及有机电致发光材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种菲啶衍生物及其应用。本发明提供的结构式如式(I)所示的菲啶衍生物，具有杂原子接合菲啶的大平面结构，增大了菲或氮杂菲分子的共轭面积，分子的热稳定性、成膜性能和输送载流子的能力得到提升，将其应用在有机电致发光元件中，可显著降低驱动电压、提高发光效率和寿命。

Description

[根据细则26改正 21.06.2023]一种菲啶衍生物及其应用
[根据细则26改正 21.06.2023]
交叉引用
[根据细则26改正 21.06.2023]
本申请要求2022年6月10日提交的专利名称为“一种菲啶衍生物及其应用”的第202210651914.9号中国专利申请的优先权，其全部公开内容通过引用整体并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及有机电致发光材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种菲啶衍生物及其应用。
 背景技术
一般而言，有机发光现象是指在对有机物质施加电能时发出光的现象；即在阳极与阴极之间配置有机层时，如果在两个电极之间施加电压，则空穴会从阳极注入至有机层，电子会从阴极注入至有机层；当所注入的空穴和电子相遇时，会形成激子，当该激子跃迁至基态时，会发出光和热。
最近几年有机电致发光显示技术己趋于成熟，一些产品已进入市场，但在产业化过程中，仍有许多问题亟待解决。特别是用于制作元件的各种有机材料，其载流子注入和传输性能、材料电发光性能、使用寿命、色纯度、各种材料之间及与各电极之间的匹配等，尚有许多问题还未解决；尤其是发光元件的发光效率和使用寿命还达不到实用化要求，这大大限制了OLED技术的发展。而利用三线态发光的金属配合物磷光材料具有高的发光效率，其绿光和红光材料已经达到使用要求，但是金属配合物磷光材料要求具有高三线态能级的磷光材料或空穴材料与之匹配，因此，开发具有高三线态能级的磷光材料或空穴材料是当前OLED发展的迫切需求。
在目前的技术发展下，无论是对于荧光材料还是对于磷光材料，特别是在用于有机电致发光元件中的工作电压、效率和寿命方面和在升华期间的热稳定性方面，都还需要改进。
由此，为了克服如上所述的以往技术问题而进一步提高有机电致发光元件的特性，亟需对于在有机电致发光元件中可用作磷光材料或空穴材料的更加稳定且有效的物质的开发。
鉴于此，特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种菲啶衍生物，该菲啶衍生物可提高材料热稳定性和输送载流子的能力，利用该菲啶衍生物制备的有机电致发光元件，可显著降低驱动电压、提高发光效率和寿命；本发明的另一目的在于提供该化合物的应用。
具体地，本发明提供以下技术方案：
本发明提供一种菲啶衍生物，其结构式如式(I)所示：
其中，
L1选自由单键、取代或未取代的C6-C60亚芳基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂亚芳基组成的群组；
X1、X2、X3、X4、X5、X6各自独立地为N或CR1；
Y选自O、S、CR2R3、SiR4R5或NAr2；
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5在每次出现时，相同或不同的选自由氢、氘、氟、羟基、腈基、硝基、羧基、羧酸盐基、磺酸基、磺酸盐基、磷酸基、磷酸盐基、C1-C40烷基、C1-C40烷氧基、C2-C40烯基、C1-C40烷硫基、C1-C40烷氧基、C3-C40环烷基、C1-C40烷基亚砜基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳氧基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳硫基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基亚砜基、取代或未取代的C3-C40甲硅烷基、取代或未取代的硼基、取代或未取代的胺基、取代或未取代的芳基膦基、取代或未取代的氧化膦基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂环芳基组成的群组；
Ar1、Ar2各自独立地选自由取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60稠环芳基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂环芳基组成的群组。
作为优选，所述R1、R2、R3、R4、R5在每次出现时，各自独立地选自由氢、氘、氟、腈基、甲基、苯基、二联苯基、三联苯基、萘基、菲基、三亚苯基、咔唑基、芴基、二苯并呋喃或二苯并噻吩组成的群组。
根据本发明的实施例，所述R1选自氢或氘。
根据本发明的实施例，所述R2、R3、R4、R5各自独立地选自由氢、甲基、苯基、芴基组成的群组。
作为优选，所述Ar1、Ar2各自独立地选自由以下基团组成的群组：苯、萘、蒽、苯并蒽、菲、芘、苝、荧蒽、并四苯、并五苯、苯并芘、联苯、偶苯、三联苯、四联苯、三聚苯、芴、螺二芴、二氢菲、二氢芘、四氢芘、顺式或反式茚并芴、顺式或反式茚并咔唑、顺式或反式吲哚并咔唑、三聚茚、异三聚茚、螺三聚茚、螺异三聚茚、呋喃、苯并呋喃、异苯并呋喃、二苯并呋喃、噻吩、苯并噻吩、异苯并噻吩、二苯并噻吩、吡咯、吲哚、异吲哚、咔唑、吡啶、喹啉、异喹啉、吖啶、菲啶、苯并[5,6]喹啉、苯并[6,7]喹啉、苯并[7,8]喹啉、吩噻嗪、吩噁嗪、吡唑、吲唑、咪唑、苯并咪唑、萘并咪唑、菲并咪唑、吡啶并咪唑、吡嗪并咪唑、喹喔啉并咪唑、噁唑、苯并噁唑、萘并噁唑、蒽并噁唑、菲并噁唑、异噁唑、1,2-噻唑、1,3-噻唑、苯并噻唑、哒嗪、六氮杂苯并菲、苯并哒嗪、嘧啶、苯并嘧啶、喹喔啉、1,5-二氮杂蒽、2,7-二氮杂芘、2,3-二氮杂芘、1,6-二氮杂芘、1,8-二氮杂芘、4,5-二氮杂芘，4,5,9,10-四氮杂苝、吡嗪、吩嗪、吩噁嗪、吩噻嗪、荧红环、萘啶、氮杂咔唑、苯并咔啉、咔啉、菲咯啉、1,2,3-三唑、1,2,4-三唑、苯并三唑、1,2,3-噁二唑、1,2,4-噁二唑、1,2,5-噁二唑、1,3,4-噁二唑、1,2,3-噻二唑、1,2,4-噻二唑、1,2,5-噻二唑、1,3,4-噻二唑、1,3,5-三嗪、1,2,4-三嗪、1,2,3-三嗪、四唑、1,2,4,5-四嗪、1,2,3,4-四嗪、1,2,3,5-四嗪、嘌呤、蝶啶、吲嗪、喹唑啉和苯并噻二唑或者衍生自这些体系的组合的基团。
作为优选，所述Ar1选自由以下II-1～II-17所示基团组成的群组：
其中，
Z1、Z2各自独立地选自由氢、氘、卤素、羟基、腈基、硝基、氨基、脒基、肼基、腙基、羧基、羧酸盐基、磺酸基、磺酸盐基、磷酸基、磷酸盐基、C1-C40烷基、C2-C40烯基、C2-C40炔基、C1-C40烷氧基、C3-C40环烷烃基、C3-C40环烯烃基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳氧基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳硫醚基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂环芳基组成的群组；
x1为1-4的整数；x2为1-3的整数；x3为1或2；x4为1-6的整数；x5为1-5的整数；
T1为O、S、CR’R”或NAr’；
R’、R”各自独立地选自由氢、氘、C1～C40的烷基、C1～C40的杂烷基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳胺基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂环芳基组成的群组，R’和R”任意相邻的两个或多个基团任选地接合或稠合形成另外的一个或多个取代或未取代的环，在所形成的环中含有或不含有一个或多个杂原子N、P、B、O或S；优选地，R’、R”为甲基、苯基或芴基；
Ar’选自由C1～C40的烷基、C1～C40的杂烷基、C3～C40的环烷基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60稠环芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳胺基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂环芳基组成的群组；优选地，Ar’为甲基、乙基、苯基、联苯基或萘基；
为Ar1与L1的连接键。
作为优选，上述化合物中，所述L1选自由以下III-1～III-15所示基团组成的群组：
其中，
Z11、Z12各自独立地选自由氢、氘氢、卤原子、羟基、腈基、硝基、氨基、脒基、肼基、腙基、羧基、羧酸盐基、磺酸基、磺酸盐基、磷酸基、磷酸盐基、C1-C40烷基、C2-C40烯基、C2-C40炔基、C1-C40烷氧基、C3-C40环烷烃基、C3-C40环烯烃基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳氧基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳硫醚基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂环芳基组成的群组；
Z13为取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳氧基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳硫醚基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂环芳基中的一种或多种；
y1为1-4的整数；y2为1-6的整数；y3为1-3的整数；y4为1-5的整数；
T2为单键、氧原子或硫原子；
为与Ar1或菲啶主体结构的连接键。
本发明中，“取代或未取代的”这一用语是指，被选自氢、氘、卤原子、羟基、腈基、硝基、氨基、脒基、肼基、腙基、羧基、羧酸盐基、磺酸基、磺酸盐基、磷酸基、磷酸盐基、C1-C60烷基、C2-C60烯基、C2-C60炔基、C1-C60烷氧基、C3-C60环烷基、C3-C60环烯基、C6-C60芳基、C6-C60芳氧基、C6-C60芳硫醚基和C2-C60杂环芳基中的1个以上的取代基取代或未取代，或者被上述所示的取代基中的2个以上的取代基连接而成的取代基取代或未取代。
作为优选，所述菲啶衍生物选自如下式J383-J474所示的化合物：
其中，*—Y—*选自*—O—*、*—S—*或下述所示结构中的一种：
*—T3—*选自*—O—*、*—S—*或下述所示结构中的一种：
*—、—*为连接键。
本发明还提供以上所述的菲啶衍生物的制备方法，如方案1所示：
方案1，
在方案1中，所用符号如式(I)中所定义，并且X为Cl、Br或I；
合成式(I)所示化合物的原料可通过商业途径购买而得，此方法原理、操作过程、常规后处理、过柱纯化、重结晶提纯等手段是本领域合成从员所熟知的，完全可以实现合成过程，得到目标产物。
具体地，式(I)的化合物是由含有腈基的具有二苯并呋喃、二苯并噻吩、咔唑或芴结构的化合物S0与有机锂试剂或格氏试剂进行加成反应，制备亚胺中间体S1；亚胺中间体进行自由基环化反应制备化合物式(I)。中间体Ar1-L1X通过钯催化或碱催化偶联反应制备。
作为可用于钯催化偶联反应的钯催化剂可选自：Pd(P-tBu3)2、Pd(PPh3)4、Pd2(dba)3、Pd2(dba)3CHCl3、PdCl2(PPh3)2、PdCl2(CH3CN)2、Pd(OAc)2、Pd(acac)2、Pd/C、PdCl2、[Pd(allyl)Cl]2等任意一种，或使用两种或更多种的混合物。
此外，钯催化的偶联反应或碱催化的偶联反应使用的碱可选自：叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、氢化钠、氢化锂、叔戊醇钠、乙醇钠、甲醇钠、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸铯、锂、氢化钾、三乙胺、氟化铯等，以及其中一种或两种或更多种的混合物。
偶联反应可以在有机溶剂中进行，其中有机溶剂可选自：乙醚、四氢呋喃、2-甲基四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、乙二醇乙醚、乙二醇二乙醚、乙二醇甲醚、二甘醇二乙醚、或苯甲醚等醚类溶剂、苯、甲苯、二甲苯等芳烃类剂、氯苯、二氯苯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基亚砜、环丁砜等，可以使用一种或两种以上的混合物。
本发明还提供一种有机电致发光材料，其原料包括以上所述的菲啶衍生物；包括本发明的菲啶衍生物的有机电致发光材料具有载流子传输的能力。
本发明还提供以上所述的菲啶衍生物在制备有机电致发光元件中的应用。
本发明还提供一种有机电致发光元件，其包括：第一电极、第二电极、封盖层和置于所述第一电极、所述第二电极之间的一层以上的有机层；所述有机层或封盖层中的至少一层的材料包括以上所述的菲啶衍生物。
所述有机电致发光元件包含阴极、阳极和至少一个发光层。除了这些层之外，它还可以包含其它的层，例如在每种情况下，包含一个或多个空穴注入层、空穴传输层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层、电子注入层、激子阻挡层、电子阻挡层和/或电荷产生层。具有例如激子阻挡功能的中间层同样可引入两个发光层之间。然而，应当指出，这些层中的每个并非必须都存在。此处所述有机电致发光装置可包含一个发光层，或者它可包含多个发光层。即，将能够发光的多种发光化合物用于所述发光层中。特别优选具有三个发光层的体系，其中所述三个层可显示蓝色、绿色和红色发光。如果存在多于一个的发光层，则根据本发明，这些层中的至少一个层包含本发明的菲啶衍生物。
进一步地，根据本发明的有机电致发光元件不包含单独的空穴注入层和/或空穴传输层和/或空穴阻挡层和/或电子传输层，即发光层与电子阻挡层或空穴传输层或阳极直接相邻，和/或发光层与电子传输层或电子注入层或阴极直接相邻。
在根据本发明的有机电致发光元件的其它层中，特别是在空穴注入和空穴传输层中以及在电子注入和电子传输层中，所有材料可以按照根据现有技术通常所使用的方式来使用。本领域普通技术人员因此将能够在不付出创造性劳动的情况下与根据本发明的发光层组合使用关于有机电致发光元件所知的所有材料。
此外优选如下的有机电致发光元件，借助于升华方法施加一个或多个层，其中在真空升华装置中在低于10-5Pa、优选低于10-6Pa的初压下通过气相沉积来施加所述材料。然而，所述初压还可能甚至更低，例如低于10-7Pa。
同样优选如下的有机电致发光元件，借助于有机气相沉积方法或借助于载气升华来施加一个或多个层，其中，在10-5Pa至1Pa之间的压力下施加所述材料。该方法的特别的例子是有机蒸气喷印方法，其中所述材料通过喷嘴直接施加，并且因此是结构化的。
此外优选如下的有机电致发光元件，从溶液中，例如通过旋涂，或借助于任何所希望的印刷方法例如丝网印刷、柔性版印刷、平版印刷、光引发热成像、热转印、喷墨印刷或喷嘴印刷，来产生一个或多个层。可溶性化合物，例如通过适当的取代获得可溶性化合物。这些方法也特别适于低聚物、树枝状大分子和聚合物。此外可行的是混合方法，其中例如从溶液中施加一个或多个层并且通过气相沉积施加一个或多个另外的层。
这些方法是本领域普通技术人员通常已知的，并且他们可以在不付出创造性劳动的情况下将其应用于包含根据本发明的化合物的有机电致发光元件。
因此，本发明还涉及制造根据本发明的有机电致发光元件的方法，借助于升华方法来施加至少一个层，和/或特征在于借助于有机气相沉积方法或借助于载气升华来施加至少一个层，和/或特征在于从溶液中通过旋涂或借助于印刷方法来施加至少一个层。
此外，本发明涉及包含至少一种上文指出的本发明的菲啶衍生物。如上文关于有机电致发光元件指出的相同优选情况适用于所述本发明的化合物。特别是，所述菲啶衍生物之外还可优选包含其它化合物。从液相处理本发明的菲啶衍生物，例如通过旋涂或通过印刷方法进行处理，需要处理本发明的化合物的制剂。这些制剂可以例如是溶液、分散体或乳液。出于这个目的，可优选使用两种或更多种溶剂的混合物。合适并且优选的溶剂例如是甲苯、苯甲醚、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯或对二甲苯、苯甲酸甲酯、均三甲苯、萘满、邻二甲氧基苯、四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、四氢吡喃、氯苯、二噁烷、苯氧基甲苯，特别是3-苯氧基甲苯、(-)-葑酮、1,2,3,5-四甲基苯、1,2,4,5-四甲基苯、1-甲基萘、2-甲基苯并噻唑、2-苯氧基乙醇、2-吡咯烷酮、3-甲基苯甲醚、4-甲基苯甲醚、3,4-二甲基苯甲醚、3,5-二甲基苯甲醚、苯乙酮、α-萜品醇、苯并噻唑、苯甲酸丁酯、异丙苯、环己醇、环己酮、环己基苯、十氢化萘、十二烷基苯、苯甲酸乙酯、茚满、苯甲酸甲酯、1-甲基吡咯烷酮、对甲基异丙基苯、苯乙醚、1,4-二异丙基苯、二苄醚、二乙二醇丁基甲基醚、三乙二醇丁基甲基醚、二乙二醇二丁基醚、三乙二醇二甲基醚、二乙二醇单丁基醚、三丙二醇二甲基醚、四乙二醇二甲基醚、2-异丙基萘、戊苯、己苯、庚苯、辛苯、1,1-双(3,4-二甲基苯基)乙烷，或这些溶剂的混合物。
作为优选，所述有机层包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、空穴阻挡层、发光层、电子传输层、电子注入层或电子阻挡层。
本发明同时提供一种消费型产品，其包括以上所述的有机电致发光元件。
另外，如无特殊说明，本发明中所用原料均可通过市售商购获得，本发明所记载的任何范围包括端值以及端值之间的任何数值以及端值或者端值之间的任意数值所构成的任意子范围。
本发明所取得的有益效果：
本发明提供的式(I)所示菲啶衍生物具有杂原子接合菲啶的大平面结构，增大了菲或氮杂菲分子的共轭面积，分子的热稳定性、成膜性能和输送载流子的能力得到提升，将该化合物应用在有机电致发光元件中，可显著降低驱动电压、提高发光效率和寿命。
 附图说明
图1为有机发光装置100的示意图；
图1中：101-衬底、102-阳极、103-空穴注入层、104-空穴传输层、105-电子阻挡层、106-发光层、107-空穴阻挡层、108-电子传输层、109-电子注入层、110-阴极、111-封盖层(CPL)；
图2为两个发光层的有机发光装置200的示意图；
图2中：201-衬底、202-阳极、203-空穴注入、204-空穴传输层、205-第一发光层、206-电子传输层、207-电荷产生层、208-空穴注入层、209-空穴传输层、210-第二发光层、211-电子传输层、212-电子注入层、213-阴极。
 具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上；术语“上”、“下”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
以下实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明，均为常规方法。以下实施例中所用的实验原料和相关设备等，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径得到，所述百分比如无特殊说明，均为质量百分比。
下述实施例对OLED材料及元件进行性能测试的测试仪器及方法如下：
OLED元件性能检测条件：
亮度和色度坐标：使用光谱扫描仪PhotoResearch PR-715测试；
电流密度和起亮电压：使用数字源表Keithley 2420测试；
功率效率：使用NEWPORT 1931-C测试。
实施例1
化合物J385的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
第一步：中间体Int-1的制备
在氮气保护下，22.0mmol的对二溴苯溶于40mL干燥的THF中，降温至-78℃，滴加入9.6mL的2.5M正丁基锂正己烷溶液，搅拌反应30分钟，滴加入20.0mmol的SM-1溶解于THF的溶液，升至室温搅拌反应1小时，加入50mL水、30.0mmol的碘和60.0mmol的碳酸钾，升温回流反应2小时，降至室温，加入50mL的饱和亚硫酸钠水溶液，用乙酸乙酯萃取，有机相干燥，过滤，滤液减压浓缩干，硅胶柱分离纯化，得到中间体Int-1。
第二步：中间体Int-2的制备
在氮气保护下，20.0mmol的Int-1溶于50mL的THF，降温至-78℃，滴加入9.5mL的2.5M正丁基锂正己烷溶液，搅拌反应30分钟，滴加入30.0mmol的硼酸三甲酯，升至室温搅拌反应1小时，加入50mL的1N稀盐酸水溶液，用EA萃取，有机相干燥，过滤，减压浓缩干，用正己烷分散过滤，得到中间体Int-2。
第三步：化合物J385的制备
在氮气保护下，12.0mmol的中间体Int-2、10.0mmol的2-氯-4-(二苯并呋喃)-6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪或2-氯-4-(二苯并噻吩)-6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪或4-(4-氯-6-苯基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)-9-苯基咔唑或2-氯-4-(9,9-二甲基芴-4-基)-6-苯基-1,3,5-三嗪或2-氯-4-(5,5-二甲基二苯并[b,d]硅咯)-6-苯基-1,3,5-三嗪等三嗪衍生物、36.0mmol的六水合磷酸钾和40mL的甲苯混合，再加入0.01mmol的Pd132催化剂、20mL的乙醇和20mL的水，升温至回流搅拌反应12小时，降到室温，加入50mL的水稀释，用二氯甲烷萃取，收集有机相，干燥，过滤，滤液减压浓缩干，用硅胶柱分离纯化，得到化合物J385；
Y＝O，T3＝O，收率82％，MS(MALDI-TOF)：m/z＝591.1835[M+H]+；1HNMR(δ、CDCl3)：8.65～8.58(3H,m)；8.52～8.49(2H,m)；8.42～8.39(2H,m)；7.98～7.85(4H,m)；7.70～7.62(3H,m)；7.58～7.45(6H,m)；7.42～7.38(1H,m)；7.29～7.26(1H,m)。
Y＝S，T3＝O，收率83％，MS(MALDI-TOF)：m/z＝607.1606[M+H]+；1HNMR(δ、CDCl3)：8.65～8.58(3H,m)；8.52～8.49(2H,m)；8.42～8.39(2H,m)；7.96～7.93(1H,m)；7.81～7.76(3H,m)；7.68～7.57(5H,m)；7.52～7.39(5H,m)；7.36～7.33(1H,m)。
Y＝S，T3＝S，收率83％，MS(MALDI-TOF)：m/z＝623.1368[M+H]+；1HNMR(δ、CDCl3)：8.68～8.65(2H,m)；8.42～8.39(1H,m)；8.37～8.34(2H,m)；8.01～7.90(8H,m)；7.65～7.61(1H,m)；7.58～7.53(3H,m)；7.49～7.43(4H,m)；7.41～7.38(1H,m)。
Y＝O，T3＝S，收率85％，MS(MALDI-TOF)：m/z＝607.1606[M+H]+；1HNMR(δ、CDCl3)：8.68～8.65(2H,m)；8.42～8.39(1H,m)；8.37～8.34(2H,m)；8.01～7.91(8H,m)；7.66～7.63(1H,m)；7.59～7.54(3H,m)；7.52～7.44(4H,m)；7.42～7.39(1H,m)。
Y＝CH2，T3＝O，收率81％，MS(MALDI-TOF)：m/z＝589.2032[M+H]+；1HNMR(δ、CDCl3)：8.68～8.65(2H,m)；8.35～8.32(2H,m)；7.96～7.92(3H,m)；7.80～7.74(4H,m)；7.71～7.68(1H,m)；7.56～7.44(6H,m)；7.41～7.37(2H,m)；7.31～7.27(2H,m)；3.79(2H,s)。
Y＝NPh，T3＝O，收率84％，MS(MALDI-TOF)：m/z＝666.2232[M+H]+；1HNMR(δ、CDCl3)：8.68～8.65(2H,m)；8.35～8.32(2H,m)；8.01～7.92(6H,m)；7.89～7.81(2H,m)；7.68～7.65(1H,m)；7.63～7.55(6H,m)；7.53～7.48(6H,m)；7.38～7.35(1H,m)；7.33～7.30(1H,m)。
Y＝SiPh2，T3＝O，收率84％，MS(MALDI-TOF)：m/z＝757.2427[M+H]+；1HNMR(δ、CDCl3)：8.68～8.65(2H,m)；8.35～8.32(2H,m)；8.08～8.03(2H,m)；8.01～7.94(4H,m)；7.83～7.78(2H,m)；7.71～7.65(3H,m)；7.55～7.52(2H,m)；7.50～7.43(7H,m)；7.41～7.30(7H,m)；7.28～7.25(1H,m)。
参照上述的合成方法，制备以下表1所示化合物：
表1
其中，Y选自*—O—*、*—S—*或下述所示结构中的一种：
T3选自*—O—*、*—S—*或下述所示结构中的一种：
*—、—*为连接键。
实施例2
一种OLED元件，如图1所示，本实施例的OLED元件为顶发射光元件，包括基板101、设于基板101上的阳极层102、设于阳极层102上的空穴注入层103、设于空穴注入层103上的空穴传输层104、设于空穴传输层104上的电子阻挡层105、设于电子阻挡层105上的有机发光层106、设于有机发光层106上的电子传输层107、设于电子传输层107上的电子注入层108、设于电子注入层108上的阴极层109以及设于阴极109上的封盖层110，图示不一定按比例绘制；装置100可通过依序沉积所描述的层来制造。所述的OLED元件的制备方法包括如下步骤：
1)将涂布了ITO导电层的玻璃基片在清洗剂中超声处理30分钟，在去离子水中冲洗，在丙酮/乙醇混合溶剂中超声30分钟，在洁净的环境下烘烤至完全干燥，用紫外光清洗机照射10分钟，并用低能阳离子束轰击表面；
2)把上述处理好的ITO玻璃基片置于真空腔内，抽真空至1×10-5～9×10-3Pa，在上述阳极层膜上蒸镀金属银作为阳极层，蒸镀膜厚为继续分别蒸镀化合物2-TNATA和F4TCNQ作为空穴注入层，其中，F4TCNQ为2-TNATA质量的3％，蒸镀膜厚为
3)在上述空穴注入层上继续蒸镀化合物HTM101为空穴传输层，蒸镀膜厚为
4)在上述空穴注入层上继续蒸镀化合物EBL为电子阻挡层，蒸镀膜厚为
5)在电子阻挡层上继续蒸镀化合物H102作为主体材料和GD05为掺杂材料，GD05为式H102质量的3％，作为元件的有机发光层，蒸镀所得有机发光层的膜厚为
6)在有机发光层上继续蒸镀一层LiQ和本发明的化合物式(I)作为元件的电子传输层，其中，本发明的化合物式(I)为LiQ质量的50％，蒸镀膜厚为
7)在电子传输层之上继续蒸镀一层LiF为电子注入层，蒸镀膜厚为
8)在电子注入层之上蒸镀金属镁和银作为元件的透明阴极层，镁和银的质量比为1:10，蒸镀膜厚为
9)在透明阴极层之上再蒸镀一层NPD作为元件的CPL层，蒸镀膜厚为得到本发明提供的OLED元件。
上述实施例2中使用的化合物结构如下：
实施例3
一种有机电致发光元件200，其结构如图2所示，其包含衬底201、阳极202、空穴注入203、空穴传输层204、第一发光层205、电子传输层206、电荷产生层207、空穴注入层208、空穴传输层209、第二发光层210、电子传输层211、电子注入层212以及阴极213。可通过依序沉积所描述的层来制备装置200。因为最常见的OLED装置具有一个发光层，而装置200具有第一发光层和第二发光层，第一发光层和第二发光层的发光峰形可以是重叠的或交叉重叠的或非重叠的。在装置200的对应层中，可使用与关于装置100所描述的材料类似的材料。图2提供可如何从装置100的结构增加一些层的一个实例。
对比例1
按照与实施例2相同的步骤，将步骤6)中的化合物式(I)替换为ET01，得到对比元件1；
对上述过程制备的有机电致发光元件进行如下性能测试：
在同样亮度下，使用数字源表及亮度计测定实施例2及对比例1中制备得到的有机电致发光元件的驱动电压和电流效率以及元件的寿命。具体而言，以每秒0.1V的速率提升电压，测定当有机电致发光元件的亮度达到1000cd/m2时的电压即驱动电压，同时测出此时的电流密度；亮度与电流密度的比值即为电流效率；LT95％寿命测试如下：使用亮度计在1000cd/m2亮度下，保持恒定的电流，测量有机电致发光元件的亮度衰减为950cd/m2的时间，单位为小时。表2中列出的数据是相较于对比元件1的相对数据。
表2
上述表中，Me为甲基，Ph为苯基，PhPh为联苯基，Nap为萘基。
由表2可知，本发明的化合物制备的元件在相同的亮度下，驱动电压相较ET01低，电流效率提高明显，最高达到对比元件的1.2倍之多，而且元件的LT95％寿命有较大的改善。
对比例1中的化合物ET01与本发明的化合物相比，区别在于单一菲啶环平面共轭能力弱，导致电压高、效率偏低。而本发明的化合物在菲啶环的基础上引入氧、硫、氮、硅等杂原子，提高了母核的共轭能力，所以其在分子成膜及电荷的传输上性能均较优异，元件内电荷的传输更加平衡，元件性能提高。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种菲啶衍生物，其特征在于，所述菲啶衍生物的结构式如式(I)所示：
    其中，
    L1选自由单键、取代或未取代的C6-C60亚芳基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂亚芳基组成的群组；
    X1、X2、X3、X4、X5、X6各自独立地为N或CR1；
    Y选自O、S、CR2R3、SiR4R5或NAr2；
    R1、R2、R3、R4、R5相同或不同的选自由氢、氘、氟、羟基、腈基、硝基、羧基、羧酸盐基、磺酸基、磺酸盐基、磷酸基、磷酸盐基、C1-C40烷基、C1-C40烷氧基、C2-C40烯基、C1-C40烷硫基、C1-C40烷氧基、C3-C40环烷基、C1-C40烷基亚砜基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳氧基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳硫基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基亚砜基、取代或未取代的C3-C40甲硅烷基、取代或未取代的硼基、取代或未取代的胺基、取代或未取代的芳基膦基、取代或未取代的氧化膦基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂环芳基组成的群组；
    Ar1、Ar2各自独立地选自由取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60稠环芳基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂环芳基组成的群组。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的菲啶衍生物，其特征在于，所述R1、R2、R3、R4、R5各自独立地选自由氢、氘、氟、腈基、甲基、苯基、二联苯基、三联苯基、萘基、菲基、三亚苯基、咔唑基、芴基、二苯并呋喃或二苯并噻吩组成的群组；优选地，R1选自氢或氘；优选地，R2、R3、R4、R5各自独立地选自由氢、甲基、苯基、芴基组成的群组；
    Ar1、Ar2各自独立地选自由以下基团组成的群组：苯、萘、蒽、苯并蒽、菲、芘、苝、荧蒽、并四苯、并五苯、苯并芘、联苯、偶苯、三联苯、四联苯、三聚苯、芴、螺二芴、二氢菲、二氢芘、四氢芘、顺式或反式茚并芴、顺式或反式茚并咔唑、顺式或反式吲哚并咔唑、三聚茚、异三聚茚、螺三聚茚、螺异三聚茚、呋喃、苯并呋喃、异苯并呋喃、二苯并呋喃、噻吩、苯并噻吩、异苯并噻吩、二苯并噻吩、吡咯、吲哚、异吲哚、咔唑、吡啶、喹啉、异喹啉、吖啶、菲啶、苯并[5,6]喹啉、苯并[6,7]喹啉、苯并[7,8]喹啉、吩噻嗪、吩噁嗪、吡唑、吲唑、咪唑、苯并咪唑、萘并咪唑、菲并咪唑、吡啶并咪唑、吡嗪并咪唑、喹喔啉并咪唑、噁唑、苯并噁唑、萘并噁唑、蒽并噁唑、菲并噁唑、异噁唑、1,2-噻唑、1,3-噻唑、苯并噻唑、哒嗪、六氮杂苯并菲、苯并哒嗪、嘧啶、苯并嘧啶、喹喔啉、1,5-二氮杂蒽、2,7-二氮杂芘、2,3-二氮杂芘、1,6-二氮杂芘、1,8-二氮杂芘、4,5-二氮杂芘，4,5,9,10-四氮杂苝、吡嗪、吩嗪、吩噁嗪、吩噻嗪、荧红环、萘啶、氮杂咔唑、苯并咔啉、咔啉、菲咯啉、1,2,3-三唑、1,2,4-三唑、苯并三唑、1,2,3-噁二唑、1,2,4-噁二唑、1,2,5-噁二唑、1,3,4-噁二唑、1,2,3-噻二唑、1,2,4-噻二唑、1,2,5-噻二唑、1,3,4-噻二唑、1,3,5-三嗪、1,2,4-三嗪、1,2,3-三嗪、四唑、1,2,4,5-四嗪、1,2,3,4-四嗪、1,2,3,5-四嗪、嘌呤、蝶啶、吲嗪、喹唑啉和苯并噻二唑，或者以上任一基团的衍生物的类似物。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的菲啶衍生物，其特征在于，所述Ar1选自由以下II-1～II-17所示基团组成的群组：

    其中，
    Z1、Z2各自独立地选自由氢、氘、卤素、羟基、腈基、硝基、氨基、脒基、肼基、腙基、羧基、羧酸盐基、磺酸基、磺酸盐基、磷酸基、磷酸盐基、C1-C40烷基、C2-C40烯基、C2-C40炔基、C1-C40烷氧基、C3-C40环烷烃基、C3-C40环烯烃基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳氧基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳硫醚基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂环芳基组成的群组；
    x1为1-4的整数；x2为1-3的整数；x3为1或2；x4为1-6的整数；x5为1-5的整数；
    T1为O、S、CR’R”或NAr’；
    R’、R”各自独立地选自由氢、氘、C1～C40的烷基、C1～C40的杂烷基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳胺基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂环芳基组成的群组，R’和R”任意相邻的两个或多个基团任选地接合或稠合形成另外的一个或多个取代或未取代的环，在所形成的环中含有或不含有一个或多个杂原子N、P、B、O或S；优选地，R’、R”为甲基、苯基或芴基；
    Ar’选自由C1～C40的烷基、C1～C40的杂烷基、C3～C40的环烷基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60稠环芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳胺基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂环芳基组成的群组；优选地，Ar’为甲基、乙基、苯基、联苯基或萘基；
    为Ar1与L1的连接键。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的菲啶衍生物，其特征在于，所述L1选自由以下III-1～III-15所示基团组成的群组：

    其中，
    Z11、Z12各自独立地选自由氢、氘、卤原子、羟基、腈基、硝基、氨基、脒基、肼基、腙基、羧基、羧酸盐基、磺酸基、磺酸盐基、磷酸基、磷酸盐基、C1-C40烷基、C2-C40烯基、C2-C40炔基、C1-C40烷氧基、C3-C40环烷烃基、C3-C40环烯烃基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳氧基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳硫醚基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂环芳基组成的群组；
    Z13为取代或未取代的C6-C60芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳氧基、取代或未取代的C6-C60芳硫醚基、或者取代或未取代的C2-C60杂环芳基中的一种或多种；
    y1为1-4的整数；y2为1-6的整数；y3为1-3的整数；y4为1-5的整数；
    T2为单键、氧原子或硫原子；
    为与Ar1或菲啶主体结构的连接键。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的菲啶衍生物，其特征在于，所述菲啶衍生物选自如下式J383-J474所示的化合物：





    其中，*—Y—*选自*—O—*、*—S—*或下述所示结构中的一种：
    *—T3—*选自*—O—*、*—S—*或下述所示结构中的一种：
    *—、—*为连接键。
  6. 一种有机电致发光材料，其特征在于，所述有机电致发光材料的原料包括权利要求1-5任一项所述的菲啶衍生物。
  7. 权利要求1-5任一项所述的菲啶衍生物在制备有机电致发光元件中的应用。
  8. 一种有机电致发光元件，其特征在于，包括第一电极、第二电极、封盖层和置于所述第一电极、所述第二电极之间的一层以上的有机层；所述有机层或封盖层中的至少一层的材料包括权利要求1-5任一项所述的菲啶衍生物。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的有机电致发光元件，其特征在于，所述有机层包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、空穴阻挡层、发光层、电子传输层、电子注入层或电子阻挡层。
  10. 一种消费型产品，其特征在于，包括权利要求8所述的有机电致发光元件。
PCT/CN2023/098819 2022-06-10 2023-06-07 一种菲啶衍生物及及其应用 WO2023236982A1 (zh)

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