WO2023236473A1 - 一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置 - Google Patents

一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023236473A1
WO2023236473A1 PCT/CN2022/137516 CN2022137516W WO2023236473A1 WO 2023236473 A1 WO2023236473 A1 WO 2023236473A1 CN 2022137516 W CN2022137516 W CN 2022137516W WO 2023236473 A1 WO2023236473 A1 WO 2023236473A1
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partial discharge
electrostatic plate
tank
transformer
simulating
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PCT/CN2022/137516
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王炳光
安振
高辉
冯弼乾
冯春玲
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吴江变压器有限公司
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Publication of WO2023236473A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023236473A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G01R31/20—Preparation of articles or specimens to facilitate testing

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of transformers, and specifically relates to a test device for simulating partial discharge phenomena of transformers.
  • the main reasons for partial discharge are: : The parts structure has sharp corners and burrs, causing electric field distortion and lowering the discharge starting voltage; there are foreign objects and dust, causing electric field concentration; corona discharge or breakdown discharge occurs under the action of external electric fields; there is moisture or bubbles; due to water, The dielectric coefficient of gas is low, so under the action of the electric field, discharge occurs first; poor contact of the suspension agent in metal structural parts causes concentration of electric field or spark discharge.
  • the traces of partial discharge often leave only a small spot or dendritic burn mark on solid insulation. In oil, some small decomposed bubbles appear.
  • the transformer partial discharge time is short and the energy is very small, it is very harmful. Its long-term existence will have a great destructive effect on the insulating materials.
  • the insulating materials adjacent to the partial discharge will be affected by the discharge particles. Direct bombardment causes damage to local insulation;
  • the chemical action of heat, ozone, nitrogen oxide and other reactive gases generated by discharge causes corrosion and aging of local insulation, increases conductance, and ultimately leads to thermal breakdown.
  • the aging and damage of the internal insulation of a transformer in operation often begins with partial discharge.
  • the partial discharge phenomenon in the transformer is not obvious, it is difficult to observe it with the naked eye. When using relevant instruments for detection, it can only detect whether there is partial discharge phenomenon.
  • the operator needs to open the transformer oil tank. Go inside and use experience to adjust the parts of the transformer's internal structure where partial discharge may occur. If the adjustment is wrong, you need to reopen the tank and go inside to make adjustments again.
  • the internal structure of the transformer oil tank is complex, and it takes a long time to find the discharge point. It takes at least a day just to open the oil tank. There is currently very little research on the partial discharge phenomenon. Operators can only rely on experience and trial and error. It takes time and effort.
  • Chinese patent CN109870638A discloses a physical transformer for partial discharge defect simulation test, which imitates the transformer and is equipped with a transformer body, a discharge model, a temperature control device and a detection device.
  • the product to be tested uses the same windings as those in the transformer, and the cost is high.
  • the invention provides a test device for simulating the partial discharge phenomenon of a transformer, so as to solve the current problems of long time-consuming improvement of the partial discharge phenomenon of the transformer and high cost of studying the partial discharge phenomenon.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: a test device for simulating the partial discharge phenomenon of a transformer, which includes: an oil tank, a first bushing and a second bushing arranged on the oil tank. A sample assembly in the oil tank and a number of detection parts fixed on the oil tank for detecting gas or/and liquid components and temperature;
  • the sample assembly includes a first electrostatic plate, an insulating member and a second electrostatic plate in sequence from top to bottom.
  • the first electrostatic plate is electrically connected to the first sleeve
  • the second electrostatic plate is electrically connected to the first sleeve.
  • a manhole is provided on the lid of the fuel tank.
  • the tank cover of the fuel tank is fixed to the tank body by bolts, a sealing gasket and a round steel are provided between the tank cover and the tank body, and the round steel is provided on the seal outside of the pad.
  • the fuel tank includes a tank cover and a tank body that are assembled up and down.
  • An annular pressure groove is provided on the lower surface of the tank cover.
  • the test sample assembly also includes a tank cover arranged on the first electrostatic plate. The upper pressure plate, when the box cover is closed, the pressure groove resists the pressure plate.
  • the first electrostatic plate and the second electrostatic plate are annular, the size of the first electrostatic plate and the second electrostatic plate are equal, and the insulating member is in the same shape as the second electrostatic plate.
  • the first electrostatic plate and the second electrostatic plate have insulating end rings corresponding in size.
  • the first electrostatic plate and the second electrostatic plate have the same structure.
  • the first electrostatic plate includes an annular insulating frame, and is wound around the surface of the insulating frame in sequence from the inside to the outside.
  • the first bushing is a capacitive bushing
  • the first bushing is connected to the first electrostatic plate through the lead wire
  • the second bushing is pure porcelain.
  • the second sleeve is connected to the second electrostatic plate through the lead wire.
  • annular bracket is also provided in the fuel tank.
  • the annular bracket includes annular lower wooden boards, annular middle wooden boards and annular upper wooden boards arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and connects and supports the lower wooden boards and the middle wooden boards.
  • the insulating legs of the upper wooden board, the lower wooden board is fixed to the bottom of the oil tank through positioning nails, the test component is arranged on the upper wooden board, and the top of the insulating leg is higher than the upper wooden board.
  • the detection component includes an optical fiber temperature measurement interface, an upper online monitoring interface and a lower online monitoring interface provided on the side wall of the fuel tank.
  • the optical fiber temperature measurement interface passes through the tank wall and measures The temperature point is set inside the fuel tank.
  • an oil filling and draining valve and an oil draining plug are provided at the bottom of the oil tank, and an oil sample valve is provided on the side wall of the oil tank.
  • the oil sample valve is located between the online monitoring interface and the between the interfaces under online monitoring.
  • At least one visual observation window is provided on the side wall of the fuel tank, and the visual observation window is made of a transparent PVC board.
  • the present invention uses an electrostatic plate as a carrier of partial discharge to conduct tests at a lower cost, controls the factors of partial discharge by itself, and compares the detection data. Obtain the parameter differences of transformer oil and nearby gas under different partial discharge conditions. Since the transformer oil tank itself is sealed and welded, disassembly and assembly takes a long time. Therefore, the present invention can help quickly determine the cause of partial discharge and the adjustment method when assembling the transformer and performing partial discharge tests on the transformer to avoid multiple disassembly and assembly. Transformer oil tank saves time and effort.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of a test device for simulating the partial discharge phenomenon of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a top view of a test device for simulating the partial discharge phenomenon of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the first electrostatic plate of a test device for simulating the partial discharge phenomenon of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an annular bracket of a test device for simulating the partial discharge phenomenon of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 10-Fuel tank 101-tank cover; 102-box body; 103-sealing gasket; 104-round steel; 105-observation window; 106-manhole; 201-first electrostatic plate; 2011-insulation skeleton; 2012-metalization Crepe paper; 2013-micro-wrinkle paper; 2014-flat copper wire; 2015-lead wire; 202-second electrostatic plate; 203-insulation piece; 204-ring bracket; 2041-lower wooden board; 2042-middle wooden board; 2043-upper layer Wood board; 2044-insulated legs; 205-pressure plate; 301-fiber temperature measurement interface; 302-online monitoring upper interface; 303-online monitoring lower interface; 304-injection oil drain valve; 305-oil drain plug; 306-oil sample Valve; 401-first casing; 402-second casing; 403-elevated seat; 404-vacuum interface; 405-oil compensation device.
  • test device for simulating the partial discharge phenomenon of a transformer is described below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components.
  • a test device for simulating the partial discharge phenomenon of a transformer includes a fuel tank 10, a test sample component arranged inside the fuel tank 10, a number of components fixed on the outer wall of the fuel tank 10 for detecting gas or/and liquid components and Temperature detection components and a casing assembly arranged on the oil tank 10 .
  • the fuel tank 10 includes a tank cover 101 and a tank body 102 that are assembled up and down.
  • An annular pressure groove is provided on the lower surface of the tank cover 101 .
  • the tank cover 101 of the fuel tank 10 is fixed to the tank body 102 by bolts.
  • a sealing gasket 103 and a round steel 104 are provided between the tank cover 101 and the tank body 102.
  • the round steel 104 is provided on the outside of the sealing gasket 103.
  • At least one visual observation window 105 is provided on the side wall of the fuel tank 10 .
  • the visual observation window 105 is made of a transparent PVC board to observe changes in the partial discharge phenomenon in the fuel tank 10 in real time.
  • the tank cover 101 of the fuel tank 10 is provided with a manhole 106 through which operators can enter and exit to replace or adjust the test sample.
  • the sample assembly includes a first electrostatic plate 201, an insulator 203 and a second electrostatic plate 202 from top to bottom.
  • the first electrostatic plate 201 and the second electrostatic plate 202 are annular.
  • the size of the second electrostatic plate 202 is the same, and the insulating member 203 is an insulating end ring corresponding to the size of the first electrostatic plate 201 and the second electrostatic plate 202 .
  • the first electrostatic plate 201 and the second electrostatic plate 202 have the same structure.
  • the first electrostatic plate 201 includes an annular insulating frame 2011 and flat copper wires wound around the surface of the insulating frame 2011 from the inside to the outside. 2014, metallized crepe paper 2012, micro-crinkle paper 2013 and one end is connected to a flat copper wire 2014.
  • the flat copper wire 2014 is in contact with the insulating skeleton and is covered by the metallized crepe paper 2012 for fixation. The other end is located on the micro-crinkle paper. External pinout from 2013 to 2015.
  • annular bracket 204 is also provided in the fuel tank 10 .
  • the annular bracket 204 includes annular lower wooden boards 2041 , annular middle wooden boards 2042 and annular upper wooden boards 2043 arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and connects and supports the lower wooden boards 2041 , the middle wooden board 2042 and several insulated legs 2044 of the upper wooden board 2043.
  • the lower wooden board 2041 is fixed to the bottom of the fuel tank 10 through positioning nails.
  • the test component is set on the upper wooden board 2043.
  • the top of the outer ring of the insulated legs 2044 is higher than the upper wooden board. 2043 to assist in fixing the sample.
  • the test sample assembly also includes a pressure plate 205 arranged on the upper part of the first electrostatic plate 201.
  • the pressure groove resists the pressure plate 205.
  • the detection component includes an optical fiber temperature measurement interface 301 provided on the side wall of the oil tank 10, an upper online monitoring interface 302, and a lower online monitoring interface 303.
  • the optical fiber temperature measurement interface 301 passes through the wall of the oil tank 10 and has a temperature measurement point. It is installed inside the oil tank 10 to monitor temperature changes of the transformer oil in real time.
  • the bottom of the oil tank 10 is provided with an oil filling and draining valve 304 and an oil draining plug 305. When a large amount of oil is required to be filled or drained, the oil filling and draining valve 304 is useful. When a small amount of oil is required, the oil draining plug 305 is opened.
  • An oil sample valve 306 is provided on the side wall of the oil tank 10. The oil sample valve 306 is located between the upper online monitoring interface 302 and the lower online monitoring interface 303. Through the oil sample valve 306, a small amount of transformer oil located in the middle layer can be obtained for further analysis. .
  • the bushing assembly includes a first bushing 401 and a second bushing 402 arranged on the oil tank 10.
  • the first bushing 401 is a capacitive bushing, and the first bushing 401 is connected to the first bushing through a lead wire.
  • the electrostatic plate 201 is connected, the second sleeve 402 is a pure ceramic sleeve, and the second sleeve 402 is connected to the second electrostatic plate 202 through a lead wire.
  • the bottom of the first casing 401 is arranged in the elevated seat 403 of the oil tank 10.
  • the top side of the elevated seat 403 is provided with a vacuum interface 404 and an oil compensation device 405.
  • the vacuum interface 404, the oil compensation device 405 and the elevated seat 403 are connected in sequence. .
  • test component When the present invention works, an appropriate amount of debris or water droplets or other items that may cause partial discharge is placed on the test component. After the test component is powered on, the temperature, composition and volatile content of the transformer oil in the oil tank 10 are measured through the detection component. Gas components, etc. are detected and relevant data are recorded. Through multiple tests, analyze the parameter changes of the transformer oil and surrounding gas under different partial discharge conditions, and whether the test sample changes when observing the partial discharge through the observation window 105. After a single test is completed, open the cover of the fuel tank 10, enter the fuel tank 10 through the manhole 106, replace the test sample, and conduct the next test.
  • This invention uses an electrostatic plate as a carrier of partial discharge to conduct tests at a lower cost, controls the factors of partial discharge by itself, and obtains the parameter differences of transformer oil and nearby gas under different partial discharge conditions by comparing detection data. . Since the transformer oil tank itself is sealed and welded, disassembly and assembly takes a long time. Therefore, the present invention can help quickly determine the cause of partial discharge and the adjustment method when assembling the transformer and performing partial discharge tests on the transformer to avoid multiple disassembly and assembly. Transformer oil tank saves time and effort.

Abstract

本发明属于变压器领域，具体公开了一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，包括：油箱、设置于油箱上的第一套管以及第二套管、设置于油箱内的试品组件以及固定于油箱上的若干用于检测气体或/和液体成分以及温度的检测件；试品组件从上到下依次包括第一静电板、绝缘件和第二静电板，第一静电板与第一套管电连接，第二静电板与第二套管电连接；油箱的箱盖上设置有通人的人孔。本发明通过较低的成本，自行控制局部放电的因素，并通过比对检测数据，获取不同的局部放电情况下，变压器油以及附近气体的参数差异。本发明可以帮助在组装变压器并进行变压器的局部放电试验时，帮助快速判断局部放电的原因，以及调整方式，避免多次拆装变压器油箱。

Description

一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置 技术领域
本发明属于变压器技术领域，具体涉及一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置。
背景技术
在一定的外施电压作用下，在电场较强的区域静电荷在绝缘较弱的位置首先发生静电游离，但没有形成绝缘击穿，这种静电荷流动的现象就称为局部放电。因为变压器内部绝缘在运行中长期处于工作电压的作用下，特别是随着电压等级的提高，绝缘承受的电场强度值很高，在绝缘薄弱处很容易产生局部放电，产生局部放电的主要原因有：零部件结构有尖角、毛刺，造成电场畸变，放电起始电压降低；有异物和粉尘，引起电场集中；在外电场作用下发生电晕放电或击穿放电；有水分或气泡；因水、气介电系数较低，所以在电场的作用下，首先发生放电；金属结构件悬浮剂接触不良形成电场集中或产生火花放电。局部放电的痕迹在固体绝缘上常常只留下一个小斑，或者是树枝形烧痕，在油中，则出现一些分解的小气泡。
变压器局部放电时间虽短，能量也很小，但却具有很大的危害性，它的长期存在对绝缘材料将产生较大的破坏作用，一是使邻近局部放电的绝缘材料，受到放电质点的直接轰击造成局部绝缘的损坏；二是由放电产生的热、臭氧、氧化氮等活性气体的化学作用，使局部绝缘受到腐蚀老化，电导增加，最终导致热击穿。运行中的变压器，内部绝缘的老化及破坏，多是从局部放电开始。
由于变压器中的局部放电现象不明显，仅凭肉眼难以观察出，使用相关仪器进行检测时，也仅能探测出是否存在局部放电现象，其具体的放电原因可能性众多，需操作人员打开变压器油箱进入其内部，凭借经验对变压器内部结构中可能出现局部放电现象之处进行调整，若调整有误，则需重新打开油箱进入其内部再次调整。变压器油箱内部结构复杂，寻找放电点工序多，花费时间也很长，其仅是打开油箱就至少需要一天的时间，且目前对局部放电现象研究甚少，操作人员仅能凭借经验逐步试错，耗时耗力。
中国专利CN109870638A中公开了一种局部放电缺陷模拟试验用实体变压器，其仿照变压器设置了变压器本体、放电模型、温控装置及检测装置，其待测试品采用的是与变压器中相同的绕组，成本高昂。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，用以解决目前改善变压器局部放电现象耗时长、研究局部放电现象成本高的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，其中，包括：油箱、设置于所述油箱上的第一套管以及第二套管、设置于所述油箱内的试品组件以及固定于所述油箱上的若干用于检测气体或/和液体成分以及温度的检测件；
所述试品组件从上到下依次包括第一静电板、绝缘件和第二静电板，所述第一静电板与所述第一套管电连接，所述第二静电板与所述第二套管电连接；
所述油箱的箱盖上设置有通人的人孔。
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述油箱的箱盖通过螺栓与箱体固定，所述箱盖与所述箱体之间设置有密封垫以及圆钢，所述圆钢设置于所述密封垫的外侧。
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述油箱包括上下拼合的箱盖和箱体，所述箱盖的下表面设置有环形压槽，所述试品组件还包括设置在所述第一静电板的上部的压板，所述箱盖关闭时，所述压槽抵住所述压板。
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述第一静电板与所述第二静电板为环形，所述第一静电板与所述第二静电板的尺寸相等，所述绝缘件为与所述第一静电板和所述第二静电板尺寸对应的绝缘端圈。
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述第一静电板与所述第二静电板的结构相同，所述第一静电板包括环形绝缘骨架、由内向外依次绕设在所述绝缘骨架表面的扁铜线、金属化皱纹纸、微皱纸以及一端与所述扁铜线连接，另一端位于所述微皱纸的外部的引出线。
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述第一套管为电容式套管，所述第一套管通过所述引出线与所述第一静电板连接，所述第二套管为纯瓷套管，所述第二套管通过所述引出线与所述第二静电板连接。
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述油箱内还设置环形支架，所述环形支架包括由下至上依次排列的环形下层木板、环形中层木板以及环形上层木板，以及连接和支撑下层木板、中层木板以及上层木板的绝缘支腿，所述下层木板通过定位钉固定于油箱底部，所述试品组件设置在所述上层木板上，所述绝缘支腿的顶部高于所述上层木板。
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述检测件包括设置于所述油箱侧壁的光纤测温接口、在线监测上接口以及在线监测下接口，所述光纤测温接口穿过油箱箱壁且测温点设置于所述油箱的内部。
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述油箱的底部设置有注放油阀以及放油塞，所述油箱侧壁设置有油样活门，所述油样活门位于所述在线监测上接口与所述在线监测下接口之间。
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述油箱的侧壁上设置有至少一个可视观察窗，所述可视观察窗采用透明PVC板制成。
本发明提供的技术方案与现有技术相比具有如下优势：本发明通过较低的成本，采用静电板作为局部放电的载体来进行试验，自行控制局部放电的因素，并通过比对检测数据，获取不同的局部放电情况下，变压器油以及附近气体的 参数差异。由于变压器油箱本身就是密封焊死的，拆装耗时久，故本发明可以帮助在组装变压器并进行变压器的局部放电试验时，帮助快速判断局部放电的原因，以及调整方式，避免多次拆装变压器油箱，省时省力。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他实施例的附图。
图1是本发明一实施例中所述的一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置的正视图；
图2是图1中A部分的放大示意图；
图3是本发明一实施例中所述的一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置的俯视图；
图4是本发明一实施例中所述的一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置的第一静电板的示意图；
图5是本发明一实施例中所述的一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置的环形支架的示意图。
图中所示：
10-油箱；101-箱盖；102-箱体；103-密封垫；104-圆钢；105-观察窗；106-人孔；201-第一静电板；2011-绝缘骨架；2012-金属化皱纹纸；2013-微皱纸；2014-扁铜线；2015-引出线；202-第二静电板；203-绝缘件；204-环形支架；2041-下层木板；2042-中层木板；2043-上层木板；2044-绝缘支腿；205-压板；301-光纤测温接口；302-在线监测上接口；303-在线监测下接口；304-注放油阀；305-放油塞；306-油样活门；401-第一套管；402-第二套管；403-升高座；404-抽真空接口；405-油补偿装置。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解，下面结合实施例阐述所述一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位和位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施方式。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施方式。相反地，提供这些实施方式的目的是使对本发明的公开内容理解的更加透彻全面。
参照图1所示，一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，包括油箱10、设置于油箱10内部的试品组件、固定于油箱10外壁的若干用于检测气体或/和液体成分以及温度的检测件以及设置于油箱10上的套管组件。
继续参照图1所示，油箱10包括上下拼合的箱盖101和箱体102，箱盖101的下表面设置有环形压槽。油箱10的箱盖101通过螺栓与箱体102固定，结合图2所示，箱盖101与箱体102之间设置有密封垫103以及圆钢104，圆钢104设置于密封垫103的外侧，在试验完毕后可以直接打开箱盖101，省时且方便。
参照图1所示，油箱10的侧壁上设置有至少一个可视观察窗105，可视观察窗105采用透明PVC板制成，以实时观测油箱10内的局部放电的现象变化。
此外，结合图1和图3所示，油箱10的箱盖101上设置有通人的人孔106，操作员可以通过人孔106进出，更换或调整试品。
参照图1所示，试品组件从上到下依次包括第一静电板201、绝缘件203和第二静电板202，第一静电板201与第二静电板202为环形，第一静电板201与第二静电板202的尺寸相等，绝缘件203为与第一静电板201和第二静电板202尺寸对应的绝缘端圈。
第一静电板201与第二静电板202的结构相同，结合图1和图4所示，第一静电板201包括环形绝缘骨架2011、由内向外依次绕设在绝缘骨架2011表面的扁铜线2014、金属化皱纹纸2012、微皱纸2013以及一端与扁铜线2014连接，扁铜线2014与绝缘骨架相接触，通过金属化皱纹纸2012包覆住以进行固定，另一端位于微皱纸2013的外部的引出线2015。
结合图1和图5所示，油箱10内还设置环形支架204，环形支架204包括由下至上依次排列的环形下层木板2041、环形中层木板2042以及环形上层木板2043，以及连接和支撑下层木板2041、中层木板2042以及上层木板2043的若干绝缘支腿2044，下层木板2041通过定位钉固定于油箱10底部，试品组件设置在上层木板2043上，外圈的绝缘支腿2044的顶部高于上层木板2043以辅助固定试品。
如图1所示，试品组件还包括设置在第一静电板201的上部的压板205，箱盖101关闭时，压槽抵住压板205。
继续参照图1所示，检测件包括设置于油箱10侧壁的光纤测温接口301、在线监测上接口302以及在线监测下接口303，光纤测温接口301穿过油箱10箱壁且测温点设置于油箱10的内部以实时监测变压器油的温度变化。油箱10的底部设置有注放油阀304以及放油塞305，需要大量注油或放油时实用注放油阀304，需要少量取油时打开放油塞305。油箱10侧壁设置有油样活门306，油 样活门306位于在线监测上接口302与在线监测下接口303之间，通过油样活门306可以少量获取位于中层的变压器油，用于进行下一步分析。
参照图1所示，套管组件包括设置在油箱10上的第一套管401以及第二套管402，第一套管401为电容式套管，第一套管401通过引出线与第一静电板201连接，第二套管402为纯瓷套管，第二套管402通过引出线与第二静电板202连接。第一套管401的底部设置于油箱10的升高座403内，升高座403的顶侧设置有抽真空接口404以及油补偿装置405，抽真空接口404、油补偿装置405以及升高座403依次连通。
本发明工作时，在试品组件上放置适量碎屑或者水滴或者其他可能会导致局部放电的物品，对试品组件通电后，通过检测件对油箱10内的变压器油的温度、成分以及挥发的气体成分等进行检测，并记录相关数据。通过多次试验，分析不同的局部放电情况下，变压器油以及周围气体的参数变化，以及通过观察窗105观察局部放电时，试品是否发生变化。单次试验结束后，打开油箱10盖，通过人孔106进入油箱10内更换试品，进行下一次试验。
本发明通过较低的成本，采用静电板作为局部放电的载体来进行试验，自行控制局部放电的因素，并通过比对检测数据，获取不同的局部放电情况下，变压器油以及附近气体的参数差异。由于变压器油箱本身就是密封焊死的，拆装耗时久，故本发明可以帮助在组装变压器并进行变压器的局部放电试验时，帮助快速判断局部放电的原因，以及调整方式，避免多次拆装变压器油箱，省时省力。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制。尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换，而这些修改或替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，其特征在于，包括：油箱、设置于所述油箱上的第一套管以及第二套管、设置于所述油箱内的试品组件以及固定于所述油箱上的若干用于检测气体或/和液体成分以及温度的检测件；
    所述试品组件从上到下依次包括第一静电板、绝缘件和第二静电板，所述第一静电板与所述第一套管电连接，所述第二静电板与所述第二套管电连接；
    所述油箱的箱盖上设置有通人的人孔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，其特征在于：所述油箱的箱盖通过螺栓与箱体固定，所述箱盖与所述箱体之间设置有密封垫以及圆钢，所述圆钢设置于所述密封垫的外侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，其特征在于：所述油箱包括上下拼合的箱盖和箱体，所述箱盖的下表面设置有环形压槽，所述试品组件还包括设置在所述第一静电板的上部的压板，所述箱盖关闭时，所述压槽抵住所述压板。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，其特征在于：所述第一静电板与所述第二静电板为环形，所述第一静电板与所述第二静电板的尺寸相等，所述绝缘件为与所述第一静电板和所述第二静电板尺寸对应的绝缘端圈。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，其特征在于：所述第一静电板与所述第二静电板的结构相同，所述第一静电板包括环形绝缘骨架、由内向外依次绕设在所述绝缘骨架表面的扁铜线、金属化皱纹纸、微皱纸以及一端与所述扁铜线连接，另一端位于所述微皱纸的外部的引出线。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，其特征在于：所述第一套管为电容式套管，所述第一套管通过所述引出线与所述第一静电板连接，所述第二套管为纯瓷套管，所述第二套管通过所述引出线与所述第二静电板连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，其特征在于：所述油箱内还设置环形支架，所述环形支架包括由下至上依次排列的环形下层木板、环形中层木板以及环形上层木板，以及连接和支撑下层木板、中层木板以及上层木板的绝缘支腿，所述下层木板通过定位钉固定于油箱底部，所述试品组件设置在所述上层木板上，所述绝缘支腿的顶部高于所述上层木板。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，其特征在于：所述检测件包括设置于所述油箱侧壁的光纤测温接口、在线监测上接口以及在线监测下接口，所述光纤测温接口穿过油箱箱壁且测温点设置于所述油箱的内部。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，其特征在于：所述油箱的底部设置有注放油阀以及放油塞，所述油箱侧壁设置有油样活门，所述油样活门位于所述在线监测上接口与所述在线监测下接口之间。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于模拟变压器局部放电现象的试验装置，其特征在于：所述油箱的侧壁上设置有至少一个可视观察窗，所述可视观察窗采用透明PVC板制成。
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