WO2023236436A1 - 一种基于生物特征识别技术的指定驾驶人管理系统 - Google Patents

一种基于生物特征识别技术的指定驾驶人管理系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023236436A1
WO2023236436A1 PCT/CN2022/129877 CN2022129877W WO2023236436A1 WO 2023236436 A1 WO2023236436 A1 WO 2023236436A1 CN 2022129877 W CN2022129877 W CN 2022129877W WO 2023236436 A1 WO2023236436 A1 WO 2023236436A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
driver
unit
vehicle
information
management
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PCT/CN2022/129877
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘彩霞
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公安部第三研究所
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Publication of WO2023236436A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023236436A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K28/00—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions
    • B60K28/02—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the driver
    • B60K28/06—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the driver responsive to incapacity of driver
    • B60K28/063—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the driver responsive to incapacity of driver preventing starting of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q9/00—Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/20—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off
    • B60R25/25—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using biometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/30—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
    • G06F21/31—User authentication
    • G06F21/32—User authentication using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voiceprints
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/66—Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to automobile transportation safety monitoring technology, and specifically relates to driving safety monitoring of operating vehicles such as highway passenger transport, tourist passenger transport, hazardous chemical transport vehicles, freight vehicles, school buses, etc. that require driver qualification management.
  • Two Passengers, One Danger, One Cargo and One School refers to chartered buses engaged in tourism, Category III or above office buses, hazardous chemical transport vehicles transporting hazardous chemicals/fireworks/firecrackers/civilian explosives, operating vehicles carrying cargo, and pick-up and drop-off services Passenger cars with more than 7 seats for students receiving compulsory education to and from school. Once a traffic accident occurs with this type of vehicle, it often causes very serious consequences. Therefore, "two passenger, one dangerous, one cargo and one school” vehicles have always been listed as key control objects by relevant industry authorities and are subject to strict inspection and management.
  • a new driver identity verification technology for safety supervision of commercial vehicles is needed to detect the problems caused by drivers. Effectively monitor and proactively intervene in accident risks caused by causes to overcome the technical shortcomings of existing operational vehicle safety supervision, make up for the risk loopholes in existing application solutions, and eliminate potential safety hazards caused by driver factors.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a designated driver management system based on biometric identification technology, which uses on-site 1:1 identity verification and on-site or remote 1:N (N: 1 ⁇ n) designated driver Dual driver identity verification such as driver verification, the verification results are linked with the vehicle control system to improve the safety of vehicle operation.
  • the designated driver management system based on biometric identification technology includes:
  • the driver identity verification unit is installed in the car cab, associated with the vehicle gateway unit, vehicle control unit, alarm prompt unit, and through the vehicle gateway with the remote management unit and/or vehicle control unit and/or The alarm prompt unit is associated;
  • the driver's identity verification unit can collect the current driver's certificate information and biometric information;
  • the driver's identity verification unit itself can store the collected current driver's certificate information, biometric information and authorized driver's identity Information and corresponding biometric information, the biometric information in the collected driver's ID information is compared and verified with the biometric information collected on site and compared with the authorized driver information; the collected current biometric information can also be compared and verified.
  • the driver's ID information, biometric information, authorized driver identity information, and corresponding biometric information are stored in the data storage module of the vehicle gateway.
  • the biometric information collected in the current driver's ID information is combined with the edge computing module of the vehicle gateway.
  • the biometric information collected on site is compared and verified for consistency and with the authorized driver's information; or the collected current driver's ID information and biometric information are wirelessly uploaded to remote management through the network communication module of the vehicle gateway unit.
  • the unit stores the authorized driver's identity information and corresponding biometric information in the remote management unit.
  • the biometric information in the collected current driver's ID information is compared and verified for consistency with the biometric information collected on site. Compare and verify the information of the authorized driver, and control the working status of the vehicle starting system based on the verification results;
  • Vehicle control unit which is installed in the car cab or engine compartment, links the starting system of the vehicle, is associated with the vehicle gateway unit and the driver identity verification unit, and communicates with the alarm prompt unit and remote management unit through the vehicle gateway and/or associated with the driver identity verification unit; the vehicle control unit controls whether the vehicle can be started based on the authorized driver identity verification result sent by the driver identity verification unit or the vehicle-mounted gateway unit; the vehicle-mounted gateway unit, the vehicle-mounted gateway unit They are respectively associated with the driver identity verification unit, the vehicle control unit, the alarm prompt unit and the remote management unit; the vehicle-mounted gateway unit can also cooperate with the driver identity verification unit to complete the driver identity verification; the vehicle-mounted gateway unit is specifically configured in the car driving unit.
  • the vehicle gateway unit at least has a network communication module, a data storage module and/or an edge computing module and is connected to the remote management unit Establish a communication channel to compare, identify and analyze the data information generated by the driver identity verification unit or transmit the relevant information to the remote management unit for comparison and analysis, and send the management data information returned by the remote management unit to the vehicle Control unit and alarm prompt unit;
  • Alarm prompt unit the alarm prompt unit is installed in the cab of the automobile transportation and outside the vehicle, and is connected to the driver identity verification unit and the vehicle-mounted gateway unit respectively; the alarm prompt unit is based on the information sent by the driver identity verification unit or the vehicle-mounted gateway unit.
  • the sent driver identity verification result will send out a voice prompt or audible and visual alarm;
  • the remote management unit completes driver identity verification through the vehicle control unit and the driver identity verification unit, and can give corresponding vehicle management and driver management control instructions and feed them back to the vehicle gateway unit.
  • the remote management unit is set up on the cloud platform and/or local storage server of the relevant government industry authorities related to automobile transportation and/or the personal handheld smart terminals of relevant managers, the cloud platform and/or local of the transportation enterprise to which the automobile belongs and transportation related parties.
  • the storage server and/or the personal handheld smart terminals of relevant managers and the personal handheld smart terminals of drivers and passengers are connected to the vehicle-mounted gateway unit; the remote management unit receives the designated driver identity verification result sent by the vehicle-mounted gateway unit and provides vehicle management and driver management control instructions, or receive the current driver identity information collection results sent by the vehicle-mounted gateway unit, and check the driver's identity information or the consistency of the identity information and biometric information or related identity information, biometrics and official archive database information , compare and identify the file information of the affiliated enterprises, give vehicle management and driver management control instructions, feedback to the vehicle gateway unit, and feedback to the alarm prompt unit or vehicle control unit through the vehicle gateway to issue audible and visual alarms, voice prompts or controls vehicle.
  • driver identity verification unit includes:
  • Identity document reading subunit which is used to obtain the identity information of the document currently held by the driver and/or the biometric information in the document chip or the surface of the document, and will obtain the identity information of the document held. And/or the biometric information in the ID chip or the ID surface is transmitted to its own biometric information comparison subunit or the vehicle-mounted gateway unit's biometric information comparison subunit, or to the remote management unit's biometric information comparison subunit through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit. unit;
  • Biometric information acquisition subunit which is used to acquire the current driver's biometric information, and transmit the acquired information to its own biometric information comparison subunit or vehicle gateway unit biometric information comparison.
  • the biometric information comparison subunit is transmitted to the subunit or to the remote management unit through the vehicle gateway unit;
  • the biometric information comparison subunit is used to compare and verify the biometric information corresponding to the obtained identity information of the driver's certificate with the current driver's biometric information to confirm the information. Whether they belong to the same person and whether they are authorized drivers, and the identity information and biometric information of the driver's certificate currently collected through on-site identity verification will be compared with the authorized driver database in the own or vehicle gateway unit or remote management unit The stored driver identity information and biometric information are compared and verified for the second designated driver.
  • the identity document reading subunit of the driver identity verification unit includes and is not limited to a second-generation resident ID card reading device, an IC card professional qualification certificate reading device and/or a motor vehicle driver's license reading device and/ Or other documents (such as passes, etc.) reading device.
  • the biometric information collection subunit of the driver identity verification unit includes and is not limited to a face information collection device and/or a fingerprint information collection device and/or an iris information collection device and/or a finger vein information collection device and/ Or palm vein information collection device and/or palm print information collection device and/or retina information collection device and/or sound information collection device or other biometric information (such as skin, palm geometric features, etc.) collection device.
  • the face information collection device is used to collect the front face information of the driver.
  • the form of the face information collection device includes but is not limited to an external video collection camera and an embedded video collection camera.
  • the face information collection device Types include but are not limited to visible light video collection cameras, near-infrared video collection cameras, special cameras for collecting 3D face information or 3D face collectors;
  • the fingerprint information collection device is used to collect the driver's fingerprint information.
  • the fingerprint information collection device forms include but are not limited to external fingerprint collectors and embedded fingerprint collection components.
  • the fingerprint information collection device types include but are not limited to Optical fingerprint collector, thermal fingerprint collector, biological radio frequency fingerprint collector;
  • the iris information collection device is used to collect the driver's iris information.
  • the iris information collection device forms include but are not limited to external iris collectors and embedded iris collectors.
  • the iris information collection device types include but are not limited to Monocular iris collection instrument (device), binocular iris collection instrument (device);
  • the finger vein information collection device is used to collect the driver's finger vein information.
  • the shape of the finger vein information collection device includes but is not limited to an external finger vein pattern collector and an embedded finger vein collection component.
  • the finger vein information Collection device types include but are not limited to single finger vein collectors and finger vein plus fingerprint composite collectors;
  • the retinal information collection device is used to collect the driver's retinal information.
  • the retinal information collection device forms include but are not limited to external retinal collectors and embedded retinal collectors.
  • the retinal information collection device types include but are not limited to Monocular retina collection instrument (device), binocular retina collection instrument (device);
  • the sound information collection device is used to collect the driver's sound information.
  • the sound information collection device forms include but are not limited to external sound collectors and embedded sound collectors.
  • the sound information collection device types include but are not limited to Microphones, microphones, pickups;
  • the other biometric information (such as skin, palm geometric features, etc.) collection device is used to collect the driver's internal skin biometric feature information, palm and finger physical feature information and other biometric information.
  • the other biometric information (such as Skin, palm geometric features, etc.) collection device forms include but are not limited to external other biometric information (such as skin, palm geometric features, etc.) collectors, embedded other biometric information (such as skin, palm geometric features, etc.) collectors , the other biometric information (such as skin, palm geometric features, etc.) collection device types include but are not limited to skin photoprint collectors and hand shape readers.
  • the biometric information comparison subunit of the driver identity verification unit includes and is not limited to a face information comparison device and/or a fingerprint information comparison device and/or an iris information comparison device and/or a finger vein information Comparison device and/or palm vein information comparison device and/or palm print information comparison device and/or retina information comparison device and/or voice information comparison device and/or other biometric information (such as skin, palm geometry characteristics, etc.) comparison device;
  • the face information comparison device is used to compare the digital photo of the face and/or the surface face image in the chip in the read ID card or other documents with the face image information of the driver collected on site. :1 Comparison verification, and 1:1 comparison verification between the driver's face image information collected on site and the face information corresponding to the read identity in the database and/or comparing the driver's face image information collected on site The face image information is compared and verified on a 1:N basis with the face information of all authorized drivers in the database.
  • the form of the face information comparison device includes but is not limited to the authorized personnel face database and comparison built in the identity verification unit. Identification component, authorized person face database and comparison recognition component in the vehicle gateway unit, authorized person face database and comparison recognition component in the remote management unit;
  • the palm vein information comparison device is used to perform a 1:1 comparison and verification of the palm vein information (if any) in the chip in the read ID card or other documents with the driver's palm vein information collected on site. , and/or conduct a 1:1 comparison and verification between the driver’s palm vein information collected on site and the palm vein information corresponding to the read identity in the database, and/or compare the driver’s palm vein information collected on site with The palm vein information of all authorized drivers in the database is subject to 1:N comparison and verification.
  • the form of the palm vein information comparison device includes but is not limited to the authorized personnel palm vein database and comparison identification component built in the identity verification unit, and the vehicle-mounted gateway The palm vein database and comparison identification component of authorized personnel in the unit, the palm vein database and comparison identification component of authorized personnel in the remote management unit;
  • the palmprint information comparison device is used to compare and verify the palmprint information (if any) in the chip in the read ID card or other documents with the palmprint information of the driver collected on site at a 1:1 ratio. , and/or conduct a 1:1 comparison and verification between the driver’s palmprint information collected on site and the palmprint information corresponding to the read identity in the database, and/or compare the driver’s palmprint information collected on site with The palmprint information of all authorized drivers in the database is subject to 1:N comparison verification.
  • the form of the palmprint information comparison device includes but is not limited to the authorized personnel palmprint database built in the identity verification unit, the comparison identification component, and the vehicle-mounted gateway. The authorized personnel palmprint database and comparison identification component in the unit, the authorized personnel palmprint database and comparison identification component in the remote management unit;
  • the form of the skin, palm geometric features and other biometric information comparison devices includes but is not limited to the authorized personnel's skin and palm geometric features built into the identity verification unit.
  • Other biometric databases and comparison identification components skin of authorized personnel in vehicle gateway units, geometric characteristics of palms and other biometric databases and identification components, skin of authorized personnel in remote management units, geometric characteristics of palms and other biometric characteristics Database and comparison recognition components.
  • the driver identity verification unit is directly associated with the vehicle control unit or indirectly associated with the vehicle control unit and/or the remote management unit through a vehicle-mounted gateway.
  • the vehicle ACC switch can be activated normally after the specified driver identity verification is passed. Otherwise, the vehicle ACC switch cannot be activated normally, and the alarm prompt unit issues a verification failure alarm and prompts the driver to adjust his posture and restart. Biometric characteristics are collected, and the verification results and vehicle startup status are uploaded to the remote management unit through the vehicle gateway; when the driver identity verification unit is indirectly associated with the vehicle control unit through the vehicle gateway, the vehicle gateway sends the specified driver identity verification result to the vehicle control unit after it is generated. command. After passing the verification, the vehicle ACC switch can be activated normally.
  • the alarm prompt unit will issue a verification failure alarm and prompt the driver to adjust the posture and collect biometrics again.
  • the verification results and vehicle startup status are uploaded to the computer through the vehicle gateway.
  • Remote management unit when the driver identity verification unit is indirectly associated with the vehicle control unit through the vehicle gateway, but the biometric database and comparison identification component are in the remote management unit, the current driver ID document reading information and biometric collection information are passed through the vehicle
  • the gateway uploads it to the remote management unit.
  • the remote management unit conducts on-site collection of information and identity verification and comparison and identification of the designated driver's biometric information, and then sends the verification results back to the vehicle-mounted gateway.
  • the vehicle-mounted gateway sends instructions to the vehicle control unit for verification.
  • vehicle-mounted gateway unit includes a network communication module and/or a data storage module and/or an edge computing module.
  • the network communication module is used for data interaction between the driver identity verification unit and the alarm prompt unit, vehicle control unit and remote management unit, and reads the identity document data, biometric information collection data or data uploaded by the driver identity verification unit.
  • the identity verification result information is forwarded to the remote management unit, or corresponding instructions are sent to the vehicle control unit and alarm prompt unit based on the received driver identity verification result information;
  • the driver identity verification result obtained by the edge computing module is sent to the vehicle control unit Send corresponding instructions to the alarm prompt unit; forward the received management instructions of the remote management unit to the driver identity verification unit or alarm prompt unit or vehicle control unit;
  • the edge computing module is used to compare the ID document reading data and biometric information collection data uploaded by the driver's identity verification unit for identity consistency with the authorized driver's identity information database and biometric information database. Information is compared and verified.
  • the 5G communication device is used for communication between the vehicle gateway and the remote management unit;
  • the TCP/IP communication device is used for wired communication or wireless communication using TCP/IP between the vehicle gateway and the driver identity verification unit, alarm prompt unit, vehicle control unit and remote management unit;
  • the Bluetooth communication device is used for wireless communication based on the Bluetooth protocol between the vehicle gateway, the driver identity verification unit and the alarm prompt unit;
  • the other wireless communication (WIFI, UWB, Zigbee, etc.) devices are used for wireless communication based on corresponding protocols such as WIFI, UWB, Zigbee, etc. between the vehicle gateway and the driver identity verification unit and alarm prompt unit.
  • the data storage module of the vehicle-mounted gateway unit includes a built-in data storage device and an external data storage device.
  • the built-in data storage device is used to store the ID document reading data, biometric information collection data uploaded by the driver's identity verification unit, or the authorized driver's identity information database and biometric information database, including but not limited to built-in static random access memory SRAM, built-in dynamic random access memory DRAM, built-in hard disk, built-in read-only memory ROM, among which the built-in read-only memory ROM is used to store the authorized driver’s identity information database and biometric information database;
  • the edge computing module of the vehicle gateway unit includes an AI smart chip containing edge computing functions and a terminal SDK containing edge computing.
  • the circuit board AI smart chip with edge computing function and the terminal SDK with edge computing are used to verify the consistency of the ID document reading data uploaded by the driver identity verification unit, the biometric information collection data and its consistency with the authorized driver.
  • the information in the identity information database and biometric information database is compared and verified.
  • vehicle-mounted gateway unit is directly associated with the driver identity verification unit, vehicle control unit, alarm prompt unit and remote management unit.
  • the vehicle-mounted gateway unit When the vehicle-mounted gateway receives the specified driver identity verification result, the vehicle-mounted gateway unit sends an instruction to the vehicle control unit to control the vehicle ACC to turn on, and forwards the driver identity verification result and vehicle control unit action information to the remote management unit; when the vehicle-mounted gateway receives When the driver's identity verification fails, the vehicle-mounted gateway unit sends an instruction to the vehicle control unit to control the vehicle ACC to turn off, sends an instruction to the alarm prompt unit to remind the driver to adjust his attitude and re-verify, and forwards the driver's identity verification results and Vehicle control unit action information.
  • the audible and visual alarm module in the cab is used to issue an audible and visual alarm when the driver fails the identity verification.
  • the voice prompt module in the cab is used to prompt the driver to start the vehicle when the driver's identity verification passes, and to prompt the driver to adjust his posture and re-verify when the driver's identity verification fails.
  • the voice prompt module in the cab can be set independently with the audible and visual alarm module in the cab or combined into a voice audible and visual alarm;
  • the audible and visual alarm module outside the cab is used to issue an audible and visual alarm when the driver fails multiple identity verifications or the vehicle ACC is forcibly turned on without driver identity verification in a non-emergency authorization state.
  • the government industry management client software is used to receive alarm information forwarded by the vehicle gateway through the communication center when the driver's identity verification fails.
  • the enterprise operation management client software is used to receive alarm information forwarded by the vehicle gateway through the communication center when the driver's identity verification fails.
  • the driver and passenger service client software is used to receive alarm information forwarded by the vehicle gateway through the communication center when the driver's identity verification fails.
  • the driver and passenger service client issues a voice prompt at the same time as the alarm message.
  • the content of the voice prompt differs depending on the user role of the driver and passenger service client. For example, the driver service client's voice prompts the driver to adjust the posture and re-verify, etc.
  • the alarm prompt unit issues an alarm prompt.
  • the driver and passenger service client software is used to receive and display the identity verification results sent by the driver identity verification unit or forwarded by the driver identity verification unit through the vehicle gateway unit and through the communication center, and issue a vehicle start prompt based on the driver identity verification results. Or adjust the posture and recheck the prompt;
  • the communication center is used to communicate with the vehicle-mounted gateway unit, receive and store the driver's identity document collection results, driver's biometric information collection results or identity verification results forwarded by the driver's identity verification unit through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit; when the biometric information is When the comparison component is set in the remote management unit, the biometric information comparison is performed through the cloud platform or local server of the communication center.
  • the communication center also serves as the computer system environment for government industry management client software, enterprise operation management client software, and driver and passenger service client software, supports related software applications, and forwards government industry management client software, enterprise operation client software to the vehicle gateway unit Management instructions or response instructions for management client software and driver and passenger service client software.
  • driver identity verification management can receive driver and passenger identity verification results and conduct statistics and inquiries; driver identity management can receive driver identity information and identity verification results, and can compare them with the motor vehicle driver's license file information of the public security agency. Analysis, when the driver's identity information or the permitted driving type is inconsistent with the driver's license file information or the personal motor vehicle driving license corresponding to the driver's identity information does not include the permitted driving type required for professional qualifications, an alarm will be issued. Text, image, voice, file, etc. are used to send warning information to the enterprise operation management client and driver service client, and linkage management information is sent out according to the emergency plan settings;
  • the transportation industry management client software is used for driver identity verification management, driver authority supervision, and driver and passenger file management.
  • the driver identity verification management can receive the driver identity verification results and conduct statistics and inquiries;
  • the driver authority supervision can receive and display the driver identity verification alarm information, can supervise the driver's authority to drive the vehicle, and can monitor the driver's authority.
  • emergency authorization can manage the files of drivers and passengers.
  • the file management content includes the name, gender, ID number, company name, professional qualification certificate number and validity period of the qualification certificate, and personnel category;
  • the other industry management client software (such as insurance industry management client software) is used for driver identity verification management, etc.
  • the driver identity verification management can receive the driver and passenger identity verification results and conduct statistics and inquiries.
  • Other industry management client software supports function customization based on the management needs of the corresponding industry or the user's choice to enable or close related monitoring client functions within the scope of user authority.
  • the enterprise operation management client of the remote management unit should at least include a carrier management client.
  • Designated driver management of freight-type vehicles can include shipping unit management client software, carrier unit management client software, and receiving unit management client software, depending on the user.
  • the carrier management client software is used for driver identity verification management, driver authority supervision, and driver and passenger file management.
  • the driver identity verification management can receive the driver's identity information and identity verification results, conduct identity verification and comparison analysis between the received driver and passenger identity information and the unit's driver and passenger file information and electronic waybill dispatch information.
  • the management content includes information such as the person's name, gender, ID number, qualification certificate number and validity period, personnel category, household registration address, actual residential address, family members, major social relations, etc.; supports the file content of drivers and passengers. Perform query, add, delete and modify.
  • a prompt message will be sent to the driver and passenger service client.
  • the corresponding person will be added, deleted or the profile information will be modified.
  • the editor logs in to confirm the change and it will take effect and support drivers and passengers to submit new, deleted and modified editing applications through the driver and passenger service client and then confirm the archiving method through the carrier management client to add, delete and modify driver and passenger files. information.
  • the receiving unit management client software is used to query driver identity information, and supports querying the identity information and professional qualifications of current transportation drivers or dangerous goods transport vehicle escorts corresponding to the electronic waybill number or logistics bill number. Certificate and identity verification results for the current shipment.
  • the driver and passenger service management client of the remote management unit should at least include driver service client software.
  • the driver's service management client shall be based on the user's requirements. The differences include driver service client software and escort (safety officer) service client software.
  • the driver service client software is used for driver identity verification and verification abnormality alarm.
  • the driver's identity verification can receive the driver's identity document information, biometric information and identity verification results.
  • the driving permission instruction issued by the terminal prompts the driver to start the vehicle normally and drive. If the identity verification fails or the information collected on site is inconsistent with the file information of the authorized driver of the unit and the electronic waybill dispatch information, receive and voice broadcast the carrier
  • the unit manages the no-driving instructions issued by the client, and gives voice prompts to the driver to adjust their posture and verify their documents.
  • the escort (safety officer) service client software is used to alarm for abnormality in driver identity verification.
  • the driver's on-site collection of information fails to pass the verification of identity consistency or the on-site collection of information is inconsistent with the unit's authorized driver's file information and electronic waybill dispatch information, receive the driver's identity verification abnormality alarm and prompt the escort (safety officer) After confirming the true situation on site, verification information will be sent to the affiliated unit.
  • the communication center of the remote management unit includes a cloud platform, a local server and a personal mobile intelligent terminal.
  • the cloud platform is used for storage of data information uploaded by driver identity verification units, storage of authorized driver database information, intelligent analysis and identification of data information uploaded by driver identity verification units, government industry management client software/enterprise operation management customers A shared data resource pool for data reception and invocation of terminal software/driver and passenger service client software, a computer hardware platform environment that supports government industry management client software/enterprise operation management client software/driver and passenger service client software applications, Communication interaction between government industry management client software/enterprise operation management client software/driver and passenger service client software and vehicle-mounted gateway unit.
  • the cloud platform communicates with the vehicle-mounted gateway unit, receives and stores the driver identity document collection results, driver biometric information collection results or identity verification results forwarded by the driver identity verification unit through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit.
  • the biometric information comparison component is set on the cloud platform, the biometric information comparison is performed through the cloud platform, and the government industry management client software, enterprise operation management client software, and driver and passenger service client software are forwarded to the vehicle gateway unit. management instructions or response instructions.
  • the local server is used for separate storage of data information uploaded by the driver identity verification unit, storage of authorized driver database information, intelligent analysis and identification of data information uploaded by the driver identity verification unit, government industry management client software/enterprise operation management
  • the client software/driver and passenger service client software respectively receive and call data sources, the computer hardware platform environment that supports the application of government industry management client software/enterprise operation management client software/driver and passenger service client software, Communication interaction between government industry management client software/enterprise operation management client software/driver and passenger service client software and vehicle-mounted gateway unit.
  • the local server communicates with the vehicle-mounted gateway unit, receives and stores the driver identity document collection results, driver biometric information collection results or identity verification results forwarded by the driver identity verification unit through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit.
  • the biometric information comparison component is set on the local server, the biometric information comparison is performed through the local server, and the government industry management client software, enterprise operation management client software, and driver and passenger service client are respectively forwarded to the vehicle gateway unit.
  • the personal handheld smart terminal is used as an online query tool and temporary storage space for data information uploaded by the driver identity verification unit, and supports government industry management mobile client APP software/enterprise operation management mobile client APP software/driver and passenger service mobile client APP Computer hardware environment for software application, communication and interaction between government industry management mobile client APP software/enterprise operation management mobile client APP software/driver and passenger service mobile client APP software and cloud platform or local server and vehicle-mounted gateway unit.
  • the personal handheld smart terminal communicates with the vehicle-mounted gateway unit through the cloud platform or local server, receives the driver's identity document collection results, driver's biometric information collection results or identity verification results forwarded by the driver's identity verification unit through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit, and sends the The vehicle-mounted gateway unit forwards the management instructions or response instructions of the government industry management mobile client APP software/enterprise operation management mobile client APP software/driver and passenger service mobile client APP software.
  • the remote management unit is set up on the cloud platform and/or local storage server of the relevant government industry authorities for automobile transportation and/or the personal handheld smart terminals of relevant managers, the cloud platform of the transportation enterprise to which the automobile belongs, and the transportation related parties. /or the local storage server and/or the personal handheld smart terminals of relevant managers and the personal handheld smart terminals of drivers and passengers are connected to the vehicle-mounted gateway unit; the remote management unit receives the driver identity verification result sent by the vehicle-mounted gateway unit and gives Vehicle management and driver management control instructions, or receiving the driver identity information collection results sent by the vehicle gateway unit, checking the driver's identity information or the consistency of the identity information and biometric information or related identity information, biometrics and official archive database Information and the company's file information are compared and identified, and vehicle management and driver management control instructions are given, which are fed back to the vehicle gateway unit, and fed back to the alarm prompt unit or vehicle control unit through the vehicle gateway to issue audible and visual alarms and voice prompts. or take control of the vehicle.
  • the designated driver management system based on biometric identification technology can conduct identity verification and authorized identity verification based on biometric identification technology on vehicle drivers, and control the vehicle based on the designated driver identity verification results. Activate authority and/or form a safety warning for illegal drivers, provide effective early warning and proactive intervention for potential accident risks that may be caused by driver factors, so as to improve the safety of vehicle operation.
  • the designated driver management system provided by the present invention can bind the driver's identity to the driving authority of the designated operating vehicle and the starting authority of the specific vehicle, thereby ensuring the operational safety of automobile transportation from the driver's perspective.
  • the remote management unit of the designated driver management system provided by the present invention, while assisting in realizing the overall safety monitoring function of the above system, can provide operation and management units of transportation-related enterprises such as carrier units, consignment units, and receiving units with information on driver identities.
  • the management basis and specific plan can also provide evaluation and management basis for the public security organs, traffic management, emergency management and other government industry management departments on the driver's identity and the safety management of the drivers of their units.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle and usage flow of a designated driver management system based on biometric identification technology provided by an example of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the driver identity document reading subunit of the driver identity verification unit in an example of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the biometric information collection sub-unit of the driver identity verification unit in an example of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the composition principle and usage flow of the vehicle control unit in an example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the composition principle of the vehicle gateway unit and its network communication module in an example of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the composition principle and usage flow of the alarm prompt unit in an example of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the composition principle and usage flow of the remote management unit in an example of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the composition principle of the government industry management client of the remote management unit in the example of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the composition principle of the enterprise operation management client of the remote management unit in the example of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the composition principle of the driver and passenger service client of the remote management unit in the example of the present invention.
  • the present invention innovatively approaches the perspective of driver identity management, using emerging technologies such as biometric identification, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things to directly lock the identity of the authorized driver, and unblock the relevant competent industry departments, vehicles, and driver units to access the vehicle site.
  • Real-time control of the driver's true identity, and linked control of the vehicle's starting authority with the authorized driver's identity verification results, thereby eliminating safety hazards caused by unauthorized drivers and ensuring the safety of corresponding vehicle transportation from the perspective of driver management.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall composition and principle of a designated driver management system based on biometric identification technology provided by the present invention.
  • the driver identity verification unit 100 in this system is installed in the cab of the vehicle 600, is associated with the vehicle's on-board gateway unit 300, alarm prompt unit 400, and vehicle control unit 200, and can pass the on-board gateway unit 300 Associated with remote management unit 500.
  • the driver identity verification unit 100 here can collect current driver ID information and biometric information.
  • the driver identity verification unit 100 itself can store the collected current driver identity information, biometric information, authorized driver identity information, and corresponding biometric information.
  • the driver identity verification unit 100 can also store the collected current driver ID information, biometric information, authorized driver identity information, and corresponding biometric information in the data storage module of the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 or through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300.
  • the network communication module wirelessly uploads the collected current driver's certificate information and biometric information to the remote management unit, and stores the authorized driver's identity information and corresponding biometric information in the remote management unit.
  • the driver identity verification unit 100 can also compare and verify the consistency of the biometric information in the collected driver's ID information with the biometric information collected on site and compare and verify it with the authorized driver information, or through the vehicle-mounted
  • the edge computing module of the gateway will compare and verify the consistency of the collected biometric information in the current driver's document information with the biometric information collected on site and compare it with the authorized driver information, or use the remote management unit to compare and verify the collected biometric information.
  • the biometric information in the current driver's ID information is compared and verified with the biometric information collected on site and with the authorized driver information, and the working status of the vehicle starting system is controlled based on the verification results.
  • the driver identity verification unit 100 in the designated driver management system is mainly composed of an ID card reading sub-unit 110, a biometric information collection sub-unit 120 and a biometric information comparison sub-unit 130 that cooperate with each other.
  • the ID card reading subunit 110 here is used to obtain the identity information of the certificate currently held by the driver and the biometric information of the holder on the chip or surface of the certificate, and to obtain the identity information of the certificate held and the chip or surface of the certificate.
  • the biometric information of the holder is transmitted to the own biometric information comparison sub-unit 130 or the corresponding biometric information comparison function module (such as the corresponding edge computing module) in the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300, or is transmitted to a remote location through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300.
  • the management unit 500 is a biometric information comparison function module.
  • the biometric information collection subunit 120 is used to obtain the current driver's biometric information, and transmit the acquired information to its own biometric information comparison subunit 130 or the corresponding biometric information comparison function module in the vehicle gateway unit 300 (such as the corresponding edge computing module) or transmitted to the biometric information comparison function module in the remote management unit 500 through the vehicle gateway unit 300 .
  • the driver identity verification unit 100 configured in this way facilitates the use of the identity document reading sub-unit 110 to collect the current driver's certificate information, and the use of the biometric information collection sub-unit 120 to collect the current driver's biometric information, and uses the biometric information to collect the current driver's biometric information.
  • the feature information comparison subunit 130 performs consistency comparison on the driver's ID information collected through the ID card reading subunit 110 and the driver's biometric information collected through the biometric information collection subunit 120 and compares them with the biometric information stored in the biometric information.
  • the authorized driver identity information and corresponding biometric information in the information comparison sub-unit 130 and/or stored in the vehicle gateway unit 300 and/or stored in the remote management unit 500 are compared and verified.
  • biometric information only after the consistency comparison between the biometric information in the document information collected on site and the biometric information of the personnel collected on site is passed, the identification information, biometric information collected on site and the identity information of the authorized driver, and biometric identification can be started. Comparison and verification of information.
  • driver identity verification unit 100 When the driver identity verification unit 100 performs driver identity verification by the biometric information comparison subunit 130, it will form corresponding vehicle control instructions, such as vehicle start instructions, based on the authorized driver identity verification results.
  • vehicle control instructions such as vehicle start instructions
  • the driver's identity verification unit 100 can directly send the start-permission instruction information to the vehicle control unit 200 through the driver's identity verification unit 100 or send the start-permission instruction information to the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 and pass the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 .
  • the gateway unit 300 forwards the activation permission instruction information to the vehicle control unit 200, so that after receiving the corresponding control instruction, the vehicle control unit 200 can activate the vehicle ACC according to the instruction linkage.
  • the driver's identity verification unit 100 may directly send start-not-allowed instruction information to the vehicle control unit 200 and send audible and visual alarm information and voice prompt information to the alarm prompt unit 400 .
  • the start-not allowed command information, the sound and light alarm information and the voice prompt information can also be sent to the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 and the start-not allowed instruction information can be forwarded to the vehicle control unit 200 through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300, and the sound and light alarm information can be forwarded. and voice prompt information to the alarm prompt unit 400.
  • the vehicle control unit 200 will synchronously shut down the vehicle ACC.
  • the alarm prompt unit 400 will synchronously issue a verification based on the received sound and light alarm information and/or voice prompt information. If the vehicle fails, the driver will receive audible and visual alarms and/or voice prompts to adjust his posture and re-collect biometric information and verify his documents.
  • the driver identity verification unit 100 uploads the verification results and vehicle starting status to the remote management unit 500 through the vehicle gateway 300 .
  • driver identity verification unit 100 of the designated driver management system may not include the biometric information comparison subunit 130. Instead, the driver identity verification is implemented by cooperating with the remote management unit 500. For example, the corresponding biometric database and comparison identification component are run in the remote management unit 500, thereby realizing remote biometric information comparison.
  • the identity document reading sub-unit 110 can be used to collect the current driver's identity document information and the biometric information collection sub-unit 110 can be used to collect the current driver's identity document information.
  • the unit 120 collects the current driver's biometric information; after completing the corresponding information collection, it is uploaded to the remote management unit 500 through the vehicle gateway 300.
  • the remote management unit 500 compares and identifies the biometric information and sends the verification result back to the vehicle gateway 300.
  • the vehicle-mounted gateway 300 sends instructions to the vehicle control unit 200 .
  • the remote management unit 500 sends a starting permission instruction to the vehicle control unit 200 through the vehicle gateway 300; when the verification fails, the remote management unit 500 sends a starting permission instruction to the vehicle control unit 200 through the vehicle gateway 300, and passes the verification.
  • the vehicle-mounted gateway 300 sends a verification failure alarm to the alarm prompt unit 400 and prompts the driver to adjust his posture and re-collect biometric information and verify his certificate.
  • the remote management unit 500 can issue a special instruction to the driver identity verification unit 100 through the vehicle gateway 300 to perform remote emergency authorization for the driver or emergency activation of the vehicle ACC switch.
  • the vehicle control unit 200 in this system is installed in the cab of the vehicle 600 , is associated with the vehicle's driver identity verification unit 100 and the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 , and is associated with the remote management unit 500 through the vehicle-mounted gateway 300 .
  • the vehicle control unit 200 is installed in the car cab, links the starting system of the vehicle, is associated with the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 and the driver identity verification unit 100, and communicates with the alarm prompt unit 400, the remote management unit 500 and/or through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300. Or the driver identity verification unit 100 is associated.
  • the vehicle control unit 200 can control whether the vehicle can be started based on the driver identity verification result sent by the driver identity verification unit 100 or the vehicle gateway unit 300 .
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the composition principle and usage flow of the vehicle control unit 200 in the designated driver management system given in this example.
  • the vehicle control unit 200 provided in this example is composed of an ACC vehicle start control module.
  • the vehicle control unit 200 configured in this way can use the ACC vehicle start control module to receive the information sent by the driver identity verification unit 100 , or forwarded by the driver identity verification unit 100 through the vehicle gateway unit 300 , or the government information.
  • the industry management client software 510 forwards the driver identity verification result through the communication center 540 and the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300, or the enterprise operation management client software 510 forwards the driver identity verification result through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 and determines whether to allow the vehicle switch to be activated, and the driver identity verification The vehicle is allowed to start if the result is passed, and the vehicle is not allowed to start if the driver's identity verification result fails.
  • the vehicle control unit 200 preferably directly associates the driver identity verification unit 100 and the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 when deploying the application, so that when the vehicle control unit 200 receives the driver identity verification passing result or receives the driver identity verification unit 100 through the vehicle-mounted gateway When the driver identity verification passed result forwarded by the unit 300, the vehicle control unit 200 can control the vehicle ACC to turn on; when the vehicle control unit 200 receives the driver identity verification failed result, the vehicle control unit controls the vehicle ACC to turn off; When the unit 200 receives an abnormal result of driver status detection, the vehicle control unit controls the vehicle speed limit, deceleration or emergency braking; thereby achieving different types of precise control of the vehicle in different situations and effectively ensuring vehicle driving safety.
  • the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 in this system is installed in the cab of the vehicle 600 and is associated with the vehicle's driver identity verification unit 100, alarm prompt unit 400, vehicle control unit 200 and remote management unit 500.
  • the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 for the designated driver management system provided in this example is composed of a network communication module 310 and/or a data storage module 320 and/or an edge computing module 330 that are combined with each other or composed independently.
  • the network communication module 310 is a basic component, that is, a necessary component of the vehicle gateway unit 300.
  • the vehicle gateway unit 300 configured in this way uses the network communication module 310 to perform data interaction between the driver identity verification unit 100 and the alarm prompt unit 400, the vehicle control unit 200 and the remote management unit 500, which can Forward the ID document reading data, biometric information collection data or identity verification result information uploaded by the driver identity verification unit 100 to the remote management unit 500, or send an alarm to the vehicle control unit 200 and alarm based on the received driver identity verification result information.
  • the prompting unit 400 sends corresponding instructions.
  • the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 can send corresponding instructions to the vehicle control unit 200 and the alarm prompt unit 400 based on the driver identity verification results obtained by the edge computing module 330 of the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300; or send the received management instructions of the remote management unit 500 to the driver.
  • the personal identity verification unit 100 or the alarm prompting unit 400 or the vehicle control unit 200 forwards.
  • the alarm prompt unit 400 in this system is installed in the cab of the vehicle 600, outside the vehicle and the monitoring client software of the remote management unit 500, together with the driver identity verification unit 100 and driver status monitoring unit of the vehicle. 200.
  • the vehicle gateway unit 300 and the remote management unit 500 are associated.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the composition principle and usage flow of the alarm prompt unit 400 in the designated driver management system given in this example.
  • the audible and visual alarm module 430 outside the cab is used to issue an audible and visual alarm to people outside the vehicle when the driver fails multiple identity verifications or the vehicle ACC is forcibly turned on without driver identity verification in a non-emergency authorization state.
  • the light emitted by the sound and light alarm of the sound and light alarm module here is generally red by default, and the volume of the alarm sound is enough to alert passers-by in a noisy road environment.
  • the voice prompt module 440 outside the cab is used to issue voice prompts to people outside the vehicle when the driver fails multiple identity verifications or the vehicle ACC is forcibly turned on without driver identity verification in a non-emergency authorization state.
  • the volume of the voice prompts generated by the voice prompt module 440 outside the cab and the volume of the alarm sound are enough to arouse high alertness of passers-by in a noisy road environment, and the voice broadcast content of the voice warning content is clear enough to be clearly understood by the listener.
  • the government industry management client software 510 is used to receive alarm information forwarded by the vehicle gateway through the communication center when the driver's identity verification fails.
  • the driver and passenger service client 530 is used to receive the alarm information forwarded by the vehicle gateway through the communication center when the driver's identity verification fails, and while issuing the alarm message, it prompts the driver to adjust his posture and re-verify, etc.
  • Voice prompts for content set according to different user roles As an example, the driver and passenger service client here issues a voice prompt while issuing an alarm message. The content of the voice prompt differs depending on the user role of the driver and passenger service client.
  • the driver service client's voice prompts the driver to adjust his posture and re-verify;
  • the escort service client of a hazardous chemical transport vehicle prompts the escort to confirm the true situation on site and then send verification information to the unit to which he belongs;
  • the safety officer of a long-distance passenger transport vehicle or school bus The service client's voice prompts the security officer to confirm the real situation on site and then send a verification letter to the unit to which he belongs.
  • the remote management unit 500 in this system is set up on the cloud platform and/or local storage server of the automobile transportation-related government industry authority and/or the personal handheld smart terminal of the relevant manager, the transportation enterprise to which the automobile belongs, and the transportation company.
  • the cloud platform and/or local storage server of the relevant parties and/or the personal handheld smart terminals of relevant managers and the personal handheld smart terminals of drivers and passengers are associated with the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 and communicate with the driver of the vehicle through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300
  • the identity verification unit 100, the alarm prompt unit 400 and the vehicle control unit 200 are associated.
  • the remote management unit 500 When the remote management unit 500 is running, it receives the driver identity verification results sent by the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 and provides vehicle management and driver management control instructions, or receives the driver identity information collection results sent by the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300, and performs the driver's identity verification on the driver's identity information.
  • the identity information or the consistency of the identity information and biometric information or related identity information, biometrics, official archive database information, and affiliated enterprise archive information are compared and identified, and vehicle management and driver management control instructions are given and fed back to the vehicle.
  • the gateway unit 300 feeds back to the alarm prompt unit 400 or the vehicle control unit 200 through the vehicle gateway to send out audible and visual alarms, voice prompts or control the vehicle ACC to turn on or off.
  • FIG. 7 a schematic diagram of the composition principle and usage flow of the remote management unit 500 used in the designated driver management system given in this example is shown.
  • the remote management unit 500 consists of government industry management client software 510, enterprise operation management client software 520, driver and passenger service client software 530 and communication center 540 (such as a cloud platform or local servers and/or personal mobile smart terminals) that cooperate with each other.
  • government industry management client software 510 enterprise operation management client software 520
  • driver and passenger service client software 530 and communication center 540 (such as a cloud platform or local servers and/or personal mobile smart terminals) that cooperate with each other.
  • the remote management unit 500 configured in this way can use the government industry management client software 510 to receive and display the information sent by the driver identity verification unit 100, or the driver identity verification unit 100 communicates through the vehicle gateway unit 300.
  • the driver's identity document collection results, driver's biometric information collection results and identity verification results forwarded by the center 540 will be used for supplementary content identity verification based on the driver's identity document collection results and driver's biometric information collection results.
  • the remote management unit 500 can use the enterprise operation management client software 520 to receive and display the driver identity document collection results sent by the driver identity verification unit 100 or forwarded by the driver identity verification unit 100 through the vehicle gateway unit 300 and through the communication center 540.
  • personal biometric information collection results and identity verification results, supplementary content identity verification is performed based on the driver’s identity document collection results and the driver’s biometric information collection results.
  • the remote management unit 500 can use the driver and passenger service client software 530 to receive and display the identity verification results sent by the driver identity verification unit 100 or forwarded by the driver identity verification unit 100 through the vehicle gateway unit 300 and through the communication center 540. According to the driver The identity verification result will prompt you to start the vehicle or adjust your posture to re-verify.
  • the remote management unit 500 can use the communication center 540 to communicate with the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 to receive and store the driver identity document collection results, driver biometric information collection results or identity verification forwarded by the driver identity verification unit 100 through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 result.
  • the biometric information comparison component is set in the remote management unit 500, the biometric information comparison can be performed through the cloud platform or local server of the communication center 540.
  • the communication center 540 here also serves as the computer system environment for the government industry management client software 510, the enterprise operation management client software 520, and the driver and passenger service client software 530, supports related software applications, and forwards the government industry to the vehicle gateway unit 300. Management instructions or response instructions of the management client software 510, the enterprise operation management client software 520, and the driver and passenger service client software 530.
  • the present invention further clearly provides specific devices that may be involved in each unit module of the driver management-based automobile transport vehicle safety monitoring system.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the driver identity document reading sub-unit 110 in the driver identity verification unit of the designated driver management system based on biometric recognition technology given in this example.
  • the ID card reading subunit 110 of the driver identity verification unit 100 used in the designated driver management system provided in this example includes and is not limited to the second-generation resident ID card reading device 111, IC card practitioner Qualification certificate reading device 112 and/or motor vehicle driver's license reading device 113 and/or other documents (such as passes, etc.) reading device 114.
  • the specific type of device used is determined based on management needs and is not limited here. Under normal circumstances, there should be at least a second-generation resident ID card reading device 111. For operating vehicles whose drivers need to hold a professional qualification certificate to work, they should have at least a second-generation resident ID card reading device 111 and an IC card professional qualification certificate reader. Take device 112.
  • the ID card reading sub-unit 110 can use the second-generation resident ID card reading device 111 to read the driver's second-generation resident ID card.
  • the form of the second-generation resident ID card reading device 111 includes but is not limited to an external independent resident ID card reader, an embedded resident ID card reading module, or a built-in resident ID card reading component of a smart terminal. The details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and are not limited here.
  • the ID card reading subunit 110 can use the IC card practitioner qualification certificate reading device 112 to read the road transport employment status of road passenger transport drivers, road dangerous goods transport practitioners, road passenger and freight transport drivers and some taxi drivers.
  • the specific form of the IC card practitioner qualification certificate reading device 112 includes but is not limited to a radio frequency identification (RFID) card reader that reads IC card practitioner qualification certificate chip information or a smart handheld terminal with NFC function.
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • a code scanner that reads QR code information on the surface or a smart handheld terminal with a QR code scanning function, a license collector that reads text information on the surface of an IC card professional qualification certificate, or a smart handheld terminal with an OCR function. The details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and are not limited here.
  • the ID card reading sub-unit 110 can use the motor vehicle driver's license reading device 113 to read the motor vehicle driver's license held by the driver.
  • the form of the motor vehicle driver's license reading device 113 includes but is not limited to a radio frequency identification (RFID) card reader that reads a motor vehicle driver's license with a chip or a smart handheld terminal with NFC function, and reads a QR code on the surface of a motor vehicle driver's license.
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • the identity document reading subunit 110 uses the other document (such as pass, etc.) reading device 114 to read other documents such as passes held by the driver.
  • the form of the other document (such as pass, etc.) reading device 114 is determined based on the document being read, including but not limited to a radio frequency identification (RFID) card reader that reads chip-containing documents or a smart handheld terminal with NFC function.
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • a code scanner that obtains the QR code information on the surface of the document or a smart handheld terminal with a QR code scanning function, a license collector that reads the text information on the surface of the document, or a smart handheld terminal with an OCR function. The details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and are not limited here.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the biometric information collection subunit 120 in the driver identity verification unit used in the designated driver management system in this example.
  • the biometric information collection subunit 120 in the driver identity verification unit 100 of the designated driver management system includes but is not limited to a face information collection device 121 and a fingerprint information collection device 122 , iris information collection device 123, finger vein information collection device 124, palm vein information collection device 125, palm print information collection device 126, retina information collection device 127, voice information collection device 128 or other biometric information (such as skin, palm geometry characteristics, etc.) collection device 129.
  • the details are determined according to the requirements of relevant government industry authorities, which are not limited here, but it is preferred to use non-contact biometric collection such as face information collection device 121, iris information collection device 123, retina information collection device 127, voice information collection device 128, etc. Way.
  • the biometric information collection subunit 120 can use the face information collection device 121 to collect the driver's front face information.
  • the specific forms of the face information collection device 121 include but are not limited to external video collection cameras and embedded video collection cameras. Specific types include but are not limited to visible light video collection cameras, near-infrared video collection cameras, and cameras used to collect three-dimensional faces. A dedicated camera or three-dimensional face collector to collect information. The details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and the management requirements of the carrier, and are not limited here.
  • the biometric information collection subunit 120 can use the fingerprint information collection device 122 to collect the driver's fingerprint information.
  • the form of the fingerprint information collection device 122 includes, but is not limited to, an external fingerprint collector and an embedded fingerprint collection component. Specific types include, but are not limited to, optical fingerprint collectors, thermal fingerprint collectors, and biological radio frequency fingerprint collectors. The details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and the management requirements of the carrier, and are not limited here.
  • the biometric information collection subunit 120 can use the iris information collection device 123 to collect the driver's iris information.
  • the specific forms of the iris information collection device 123 include but are not limited to external iris collection devices and embedded iris collection devices; types of iris information collection devices include but are not limited to monocular iris collection devices (devices), binocular iris collection devices ( device). The details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and the management requirements of the carrier, and are not limited here.
  • the biometric information collection subunit 120 can use the finger vein information collection device 124 to collect the driver's finger vein information.
  • the specific forms of the vein information collection device 124 include but are not limited to external finger vein print collectors and embedded finger vein collection components; types of finger vein information collection devices include but are not limited to single finger vein collectors, finger vein plus fingerprint composite Collector. The details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and the management requirements of the carrier, and are not limited here.
  • the biometric information collection subunit 120 can use the palm vein information collection device 125 to collect the driver's palm vein information.
  • the specific forms of the palm vein information collection device 125 include but are not limited to external desktop palm vein collectors, external handheld palm vein collectors, and embedded palm vein collection components; types of palm vein information collection devices include but are not limited to Limited to single palm vein collector, palm vein plus palm print composite collector. The details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and the management requirements of the carrier, and are not limited here.
  • the biometric information collection subunit 120 can use the retina information collection device 127 to collect the driver's retina information.
  • Specific forms of the retinal information collection device 127 include, but are not limited to, external retinal collectors and embedded retinal collectors.
  • the types of retina information collection devices include but are not limited to monocular retina collection instruments (devices) and binocular retina collection instruments (devices). The details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and the management requirements of the carrier, and are not limited here.
  • the biometric information collection subunit 120 can use the voice information collection device 128 to collect the driver's voice information.
  • Specific forms of the sound information collection device 128 include but are not limited to external sound collection devices and embedded sound collection devices.
  • the types of sound information collection devices include but are not limited to microphones, microphones, and pickups. The details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and the management requirements of the carrier, and are not limited here.
  • the biometric information collection subunit 120 can use other biometric information (such as skin, palm geometric features, etc.) collection device 129 to collect the driver's skin internal biometric feature information, physical feature information of the palm and fingers, and other biometric information.
  • the specific form of other biometric information (such as skin, palm geometric features, etc.) collection device 129 includes but is not limited to external other biometric information (such as skin, palm geometric features, etc.) collection device, embedded other biometric information ( Such as skin, palm geometric features, etc.) collector.
  • other types of biometric information (such as skin, palm geometric features, etc.) collection device types here include but are not limited to skin photoprint collectors and hand shape readers. The details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and the management requirements of the carrier, and are not limited here.
  • the form of the iris information comparison device includes but is not limited to the authorized personnel iris database and comparison identification component built in the identity verification unit, the authorized personnel iris database and comparison identification component in the vehicle gateway unit, and the authorized personnel iris database in the remote management unit. and comparison and identification components; the details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and the management requirements of the carrier, and are not limited here.
  • the finger vein information comparison device here is used to compare and verify the finger vein information (if any) in the chip in the read ID card or other documents with the driver's finger vein information collected on site. , and/or conduct a 1:1 comparison and verification between the driver’s finger vein information collected on site and the finger vein information corresponding to the read identity in the database, and/or compare the driver’s finger vein information collected on site with The finger vein information of all authorized drivers in the database is compared and verified on a 1:N basis.
  • the form of the finger vein information comparison device includes but is not limited to the authorized personnel finger vein database and comparison identification component built in the identity verification unit, the authorized personnel finger vein database and comparison identification component in the vehicle gateway unit, and the authorization in the remote management unit. Personnel refers to the vein database and comparison identification components; the details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and the management requirements of the carrier, and are not limited here.
  • the palm vein information comparison device here is used to compare 1:1 the palm vein information (if any) in the chip in the read ID card or other documents with the driver's palm vein information collected on site. Verification, and/or a 1:1 comparison of the driver’s palm vein information collected on site with the palm vein information in the database corresponding to the read identity, and/or a 1:1 comparison of the driver’s palm vein information collected on site Conduct 1:N comparison and verification with the palm vein information of all authorized drivers in the database.
  • the form of the palm vein information comparison device includes but is not limited to the authorized personnel palm vein database and comparison identification component built in the identity verification unit, the authorized personnel palm vein database and comparison identification component in the vehicle gateway unit, and the authorization in the remote management unit Personnel palm vein database and comparison identification components; the details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and the management requirements of the carrier, and are not limited here.
  • the palmprint information comparison device here is used to compare and verify the palmprint information (if any) in the chip in the read ID card or other documents with the palmprint information of the driver collected on site. , and/or conduct a 1:1 comparison and verification between the driver’s palmprint information collected on site and the palmprint information corresponding to the read identity in the database, and/or compare the driver’s palmprint information collected on site with The palm print information of all authorized drivers in the database is compared and verified on a 1:N basis.
  • the form of the palmprint information comparison device includes but is not limited to the authorized person's palmprint database and comparison identification component built in the identity verification unit, the authorized person's palmprint database and comparison identification component in the vehicle gateway unit, and the authorization in the remote management unit Personnel palmprint database and comparison identification components; the details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and the management requirements of the carrier, and are not limited here.
  • the retinal information comparison device here is used to compare and verify the retinal information (if any) in the chip in the read ID card or other documents with the retinal information of the driver collected on site, and/ Or compare and verify the retinal information of the driver collected on site with the retinal information corresponding to the read identity in the database on a 1:1 basis and/or compare the retinal information of the driver collected on site with all authorized drivers in the database. Human retinal information is verified by 1:N comparison.
  • the form of the retinal information comparison device includes but is not limited to the authorized personnel retina database and comparison identification component built in the identity verification unit, the authorized personnel retina database and comparison identification component in the vehicle gateway unit, and the authorized personnel retina in the remote management unit.
  • Database and comparison identification components are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and the management requirements of the carrier, and are not limited here.
  • the sound information comparison device here is used to compare and verify the sound information characteristics (if any) in the chip in the read ID card or other documents with the driver's sound information characteristics collected on site. and/or conduct a 1:1 comparison and verification of the driver’s voice information characteristics collected on site with the voice information characteristics in the database corresponding to the read identity and/or compare the driver’s voice information characteristics collected on site with the database The voice information characteristics of all authorized drivers in the vehicle are compared and verified on a 1:N basis.
  • the skin, palm geometric characteristics and other biometric information comparison device here is used to compare the skin, palm geometric characteristics and other biometric information (if any) in the chip in the read ID card or other documents with the information collected on site. Conduct a 1:1 comparison and verification of the driver's skin, palm geometric features and other biometric information, and/or compare the driver's skin, palm geometric features and other biometric information collected on site with the database and read the identity Conduct a 1:1 comparison and verification of the corresponding skin, palm geometric features and other biometric information and/or compare the driver's skin, palm geometric features and other biometric information collected on site with the biometric information of all authorized drivers in the database Skin, palm geometric features and other biometric information are verified by 1:N comparison.
  • the form of the skin, palm geometric characteristics and other biometric information comparison device includes but is not limited to the authorized personnel skin built in the identity verification unit, other biometric databases and comparison identification components such as palm geometric characteristics, and the authorized personnel skin in the vehicle gateway unit , other biometric databases and comparison identification components such as palm geometric characteristics, skin of authorized personnel in the remote management unit, other biometric databases and comparison identification components such as palm geometric characteristics.
  • the details are determined based on the installation conditions of the vehicle and the management requirements of the carrier, and are not limited here.
  • the driver identity verification unit 100 composed of the ID card reading sub-unit 110, the biometric information collection sub-unit 120 and the biometric information comparison sub-unit 130 can be directly associated with the vehicle control unit or through the vehicle-mounted
  • the gateway is indirectly associated with the vehicle control unit and/or the remote management unit.
  • the vehicle gateway unit 300 sends an instruction to the vehicle control unit 200.
  • the vehicle ACC switch can be activated normally, otherwise , the vehicle ACC switch cannot be activated normally, and the alarm prompt unit 400 issues a verification failure alarm and prompts the driver to adjust his posture and collect biometric characteristics again.
  • the verification results and vehicle startup status are uploaded to the remote management unit 500 through the vehicle gateway unit 300.
  • the driver identity verification unit 110 supports remote emergency authorization through the remote management unit.
  • the network communication module 310 can use the 5G communication device 311 to communicate between the vehicle gateway unit 300 and the remote management unit 500;
  • the network communication module 310 can use the CAN bus communication device 312 to implement wired communication in the CAN bus mode between the vehicle gateway unit 300 and the driver identity verification unit 100, the vehicle control unit 200 and the alarm prompt unit 400.
  • the network communication module 310 can use the TCP/IP communication device 313 to implement wired communication in TCP/IP mode between the vehicle gateway unit 300 and the driver identity verification unit 100, the alarm prompt unit 400, the vehicle control unit 200 and the remote management unit 500 or Wireless communication.
  • the network communication module 310 can use the Bluetooth communication device 314 to implement wireless communication based on the Bluetooth protocol between the vehicle gateway unit 300 and the driver identity verification unit 100 and the alarm prompt unit 400 .
  • the network communication module 310 can use other wireless communication (WIFI, UWB, Zigbee, etc.) devices 314 to implement wireless communication between the vehicle gateway unit 300 and the driver identity verification unit 100 and the alarm prompt unit 400 based on corresponding protocols such as WIFI, UWB, Zigbee, etc. communication.
  • WIFI wireless communication
  • UWB Universal Mobile Broadband
  • Zigbee Zigbee
  • the network communication module 310 in this example has at least three communication devices, including a 5G communication device 311, a CAN bus communication device 312, and a TCP/IP communication device 313.
  • the configuration of other wireless communication devices depends on the cameras and sensors installed on the vehicle. , the specific communication method used by the document collection device and the biometric collection device is determined and is not limited here.
  • the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 composed of the network communication module 310, the data storage module 320, and the edge computing module 330 can directly associate with the driver identity verification unit 100, the vehicle control unit 200, the alarm prompt unit 400 and the remote Management unit 500.
  • the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 When the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 receives the driver identity verification result, the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 sends an instruction to the vehicle control unit 200 to control the vehicle ACC to turn on, and forwards the driver identity verification result and vehicle control unit action information to the remote management unit 500;
  • the alarm prompt unit 400 in this example can be directly associated with the driver identity verification unit 100 and the vehicle gateway unit 300 during specific deployment.
  • the alarm prompt unit 400 sends out a sound and light alarm and a voice Prompts the driver to adjust attitude and recheck;
  • FIG. 8 it is a schematic diagram showing a structural principle of the government industry management client 510 of the remote management unit of the designated driver management system given in this example.
  • the government industry management client 510 of the remote management unit 500 of the designated driver management system includes public security industry management client software 511 and transportation industry management client according to different competent industry departments.
  • the driver identity verification management can receive the identity verification results of drivers and passengers and conduct statistics and inquiries.
  • Driver identity management can receive driver identity information and identity verification results, and can conduct comparison and analysis with the motor vehicle driver's license file information of the public security agency.
  • the driver's identity information or permitted driving type is inconsistent with the driver's license file information or the driver
  • the permitted driving type of the personal motor vehicle driving license corresponding to the personal identity information does not include the permitted driving type required for professional qualifications, an alarm will be sent to the enterprise operation management client and driver service client in the form of text, image, voice, file, etc. Issue warning messages and issue linkage management messages according to emergency plan settings.
  • the transportation industry management client software 512 in the government industry management client 510 is used for driver identity verification management, driver authority supervision, and driver and passenger file management.
  • the driver identity verification management can receive the identity verification results of drivers and passengers and conduct statistics and inquiries.
  • driver identity verification client software 514 in the government industry management client 510 is used for driver identity verification management, etc.; through this driver identity verification management, the driver and passenger identity verification results can be received and carried out D.
  • the shipping unit management client software 621 in the enterprise operation management client 520 is used for driver identity information query.
  • the software supports querying the identity information and professional qualifications of the driver or escort of the dangerous goods transport vehicle corresponding to the electronic waybill number. Certificate and identity verification results for the current shipment.
  • the carrier management client software 522 in the enterprise operation management client 520 is used for driver identity verification management, driver authority supervision, and driver and passenger file management.
  • the driver identity verification management here can receive driver identity information and identity verification results, and conduct identity verification and comparison analysis between the received driver and passenger identity information and the unit's driver and passenger file information and electronic waybill dispatch information.
  • the driver's identity verification passes and is consistent with the unit's driver and passenger file information and electronic waybill dispatch information, the driving permission instruction is issued, and the vehicle can start and drive normally;
  • the personnel file information and the electronic waybill dispatch information are inconsistent, a no-driving instruction is issued, the vehicle cannot start driving normally, and a warning message is sent to the driver and passenger service client in the form of text, image, voice, file, etc.; driver's identity If the verification fails or is inconsistent with the unit's driver and passenger file information and electronic waybill dispatch information, and the vehicle is started and driven abnormally, an emergency alarm prompt is displayed and the corresponding unit of the vehicle-mounted device is controlled to send out audible and visual alarm information inside and outside the vehicle.
  • the driver identity verification management of the carrier management client supports remote authorization of driver permissions and remote emergency activation of the vehicle ACC switch, and supports the verification of the received driver and passenger identity verification results and driver and passenger identity information, as well as the matching of the driver and passenger files of the unit. Comparative analysis results of information and electronic waybill dispatch information are collected, analyzed and queried.
  • Driver and passenger file management can manage the files of drivers, escorts of hazardous chemicals transport vehicles, and other vehicle personnel.
  • the file management content includes the person's name, gender, ID number, professional qualification certificate number and qualifications. Certificate validity period, person category, person's household registration address, actual residential address, family members, main social relations and other information; supports querying, adding, deleting and modifying the file content of drivers and passengers.
  • a prompt message is sent to the driver and passenger service client.
  • the editor of the corresponding added or deleted person or modified file information will log in to confirm the change and then it will take effect and support the driver and passengers through the driver and passenger service.
  • the client can confirm the archiving through the carrier management client to add, delete, modify, and edit the driver and passenger file information.
  • the receiving unit management client software 523 in the enterprise operation management client 520 is used for driver identity information query.
  • the consignment unit management client software 523 supports querying the current transport driver or dangerous goods transport vehicle corresponding to the electronic waybill number.
  • Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the composition principle of the driver and passenger service client 530 of the remote management unit of the designated driver management system given in this example.
  • the driver service client 530 of the remote management unit 500 of the designated driver management system provided in this example includes driver service client software 531, escort (safety officer) depending on the user. ) service client software 532.
  • the driver service client software 531 in the driver and passenger service client 530 is used for driver identity verification and verification abnormality alarm.
  • the driver's identity verification here can receive the driver's identity document information, biometric information and identity verification results.
  • the driver's identity verification will be received and voiced. Broadcast the driving permission instructions issued by the carrier management client, prompting the driver to start the vehicle normally and drive. If the identity verification fails or is inconsistent with the driver and passenger file information of the unit and the electronic waybill dispatch information, receive and voice broadcast the carrier unit Manage the no-driving instructions issued by the client, and provide voice prompts to the driver to adjust their posture and verify their documents;
  • the escort (safety officer) service client software 532 in the driver and passenger service client 530 is used to alarm for exceptions in driver identity verification.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of the communication center 540 in the remote management unit of the designated driver management system given in this example.
  • the communication center 540 provided in this example for specifying the remote management unit 500 of the driver management system includes a cloud platform 541 , a local server 542 and a personal mobile intelligent terminal 543 .
  • the cloud platform 541 in the communication center 540 is used for storage of data information uploaded by the driver identity verification unit 100, storage of authorized driver database information, intelligent analysis, identification and determination of data information uploaded by the driver identity verification unit 100, and government industry management customers.
  • the cloud platform 541 communicates with the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300, receives and stores the driver identity document collection results, driver biometric information collection results or identity verification results forwarded by the driver identity verification unit 100 through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300.
  • the biometric information comparison component is set on the cloud platform 541
  • the biometric information comparison is performed through the cloud platform 541
  • the government industry management client software 510, the enterprise operation management client software 520, and the driving and riding software are forwarded to the vehicle gateway unit 300.
  • Management instructions or response instructions of the personnel service client software 530 are forwarded to the vehicle gateway unit 300.
  • This cloud platform 541 supports B/S monitoring client applications.
  • the B/S monitoring client is developed based on the latest version of China's high-security operating system and China's high-security Xinchuang version browser.
  • the local server 542 in the communication center 540 is used for separate storage of data information uploaded by the driver identity verification unit 100, storage of authorized driver database information, intelligent analysis, identification and determination of data information uploaded by the driver identity verification unit 100, and government industry management customers.
  • Terminal software 510/enterprise operation management client software 520/driver and passenger service client software 530 are data sources for receiving and calling data respectively, supporting government industry management client software 510/enterprise operation management client software 520/driver and passenger
  • the local server 542 communicates with the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300, receives and stores the driver identity document collection results, driver biometric information collection results or identity verification results forwarded by the driver identity verification unit 100 through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300.
  • the biometric information comparison component When the biometric information comparison component is set on the local server 542, the biometric information comparison is performed through the local server 542, and the government industry management client software 510, the enterprise operation management client software 520, and the driver's license are respectively forwarded to the vehicle gateway unit 300. Management instructions or response instructions of the passenger service client software 530.
  • the local server 542 supports the C/S monitoring client application.
  • the C/S monitoring client is developed based on various latest versions of high-security operating systems based on the Linux kernel;
  • the personal handheld smart terminal 543 in this communication center 540 is used as an online query tool and temporary storage space for the data information uploaded by the driver identity verification unit 100, and supports the government industry management mobile client APP software 510/enterprise operation management mobile client APP software 520/Driver and Passenger Service Mobile Client APP Software 530 Application Computer Hardware Environment, Government Industry Management Mobile Client APP Software 510/Enterprise Operation Management Mobile Client APP Software 520/Driver and Passenger Service Mobile Client APP Software 530 and Cloud Communication interaction between the platform 541 or the local server 542 and the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300.
  • the remote management unit 500 receives the driver identity verification result sent by the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 and gives vehicle management and driver management control instructions, or receives the driver identity information collection result sent by the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300 to determine the driver's identity. Compare and identify the consistency of information or identity information with biometric information or related identity information, biometrics, official archive database information, and affiliated enterprise archive information, and provide vehicle management and driver management control instructions based on the driver identity verification results. , feedback to the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300, and feedback to the vehicle control unit 200 or alarm prompt unit 400 through the vehicle-mounted gateway unit 300, to issue audible and visual alarms, voice prompts or control the vehicle ACC to turn on or off.
  • the above-mentioned method of the present invention can be deployed on physical media, such as hard drives, optical disks, or any electronic devices (such as smart phones, computers, etc.) through program codes.
  • the storage medium read), when the machine loads the program code and executes it (such as a smart phone loads and executes it), the machine becomes a device for executing the present invention.
  • the above-mentioned method and device of the present invention can also be transmitted in the form of program code through some transmission media, such as cables, optical fibers, or any transmission type.
  • a machine such as a smart phone
  • the machine becomes the device for carrying out the invention.

Abstract

一种基于生物特征识别技术的指定驾驶人管理系统，系统由驾驶人身份核验单元（100）识读驾驶人所持证件和采集驾驶人的生物特征信息，进行现场人证一致性核验并与授权驾驶人身份信息对应的生物特征信息进行比对完成指定驾驶人身份验证，身份验证结果联动车辆控制单元（200）确定车辆（600）是否可启动。系统可将驾驶人身份与营运车辆（600）的驾驶权限绑定，并根据指定驾驶人身份核验结果联动控制车辆（600）的启动权限和/或对非法驾驶人形成安全警告，从而实现从驾驶人角度保障"两客一危一货一校"类营运车辆（600）的交通安全。

Description

一种基于生物特征识别技术的指定驾驶人管理系统 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车运输安全监控技术，具体涉及公路客运、旅游客运、危化品运输车、货运车辆、校车等需要进行驾驶人资格管理的营运车辆行车安全监控。
背景技术
“两客一危一货一校”，是指从事旅游的包车、三类以上班线客车、运输危险化学品/烟花爆竹/民用爆炸物品的危化品运输车、载运货物的营运车辆及接送接受义务教育的学生上下学的7座以上的载客汽车。该类车辆一旦发生交通事故，往往造成非常严重后果，因此，“两客一危一货一校”车辆一直被列为相关行业主管部门列为重点管控对象，严查严管。
“两客一危一货一校”车辆对驾驶人员的驾驶证准驾类型、实际驾驶技能、从业资格要求相对较高，必须确保车辆的实际驾驶人员为授权指定驾驶人。
然而，交通运输行业标准JT/T 794-2019《道路运输车辆卫星定位系统车载终端技术要求》规定的驾驶员身份确认仅通过驾驶员IC卡从业资格证进行驾驶员身份识别，对该证是否本人持有并未提出核验要求，存在不具备资格的驾驶人持有他人驾驶员IC卡从业资格证非法驾驶“两客一危”车辆的风险。
因此，如何通过有效的技术手段对各类营运车辆驾驶员的身份进行精确校验，实现对潜在的可能由于驾驶人原因导致的事故风险进行有效监控和主动干预，有效提高各类营运车辆运行安全性是本领域亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
针对现有用于营运车辆安全监管技术，特别是针对驾驶员身份校核技术所存在的问题和漏洞，需要一种新的用于营运车辆安全监管的驾驶员身份校核技术，来对由于驾驶人原因导致的事故风险进行有效监控和主动干预，以克服现有营运车辆安全监管技术缺陷，弥补现有应用方案存在的风险漏洞，消除因驾驶人因素导致的安全隐患。
为此，本发明的目的在于提供一种基于生物特征识别技术的指定驾驶人管理系统，其采用现场1:1人证一致性核验及现场或远程1：N(N：1～n)指定驾驶人核验等双重驾驶人身份核验，核验结果与车辆控制系统实现联动，以提高车辆运行的安全性。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供的基于生物特征识别技术的指定驾驶人管理系统，包括：
驾驶人身份核验单元，所述驾驶人身份核验单元设置在汽车驾驶室内，与车载网关单元、车辆控制单元、报警提示单元关联，并通过车载网关与远程管理单元和/或车辆控制单元和/或报警提示单元关联；所述驾驶人身份核验单元可采集当前驾驶人证件信息和生物特征信息；所述驾驶人身份核验单元自身可存储采集的当前驾驶人证件信息、生物特征信息及授权驾驶人身份信息、对应的生物特征信息，将采集的驾驶人证件信息中的生物特征信息与现场采集的生物特征信息进行一致性比对核验并与授权驾驶人信息进行比对核验；也可将采集的当前驾驶人证件信息、生物特征信息及授权驾驶人身份信息、对应的生物特征信息存储于车载网关的数据存储模块，通过车载网关的边缘计算模块将采集的当前驾驶人证件信息中的生物特征信息与现场采集的生物特征信息进行一致性比对核验并与授权驾驶人信息进行比对核验；或通过车载网关单元的网络通讯模块将采集的当前驾驶人证件信息和生物特征信息无线连接上传至远程管理单元，在远程管理单元存储授权驾驶人身份信息、对应的生物特征信息，通过远程管理单元将采集的当前驾驶人证件信息中的生物特征信息与现场采集的生物特征信息进行一致性比对核验并与授权驾驶人信息进行比对核验，且根据验证结果控制车辆启动系统的工作状态；
车辆控制单元，所述车辆控制单元设置在汽车驾驶室或汽车发动机舱，联动车辆的启动系统，并与车载网关单元、驾驶人身份核验单元关联，并通过车载网关与报警提示单元、远程管理单元和/或驾驶人身份核验单元关联；所述车辆控制单元依据驾驶人身份核验单元发送的或车载网关单元发送的授权驾驶人身份验证结果控制车辆是否能够启动；车载网关单元，所述车载网关单元分别与驾驶人身份核验单元、车辆控制单元、报警提示单元和远程管理单元关联；所述车载网关单元还能够配合驾驶人身份核验单元完成驾驶人身份核验；所述车载网关单元具体设置在汽车驾驶室内，分别与驾驶人身份核验单元、车辆控制单元、报警提示单元和远程管理单元关联；所述车载网关单元至少具备网络通讯模块、数据存储模块和/或边缘计算模块并与远程管理单元之间建立通信通道，以对驾驶人身份核验单元产生的数据信息进行比对、识别、分析或将相关信息传输至远程管理单 元进行比对、分析，并将远程管理单元返回的管理数据信息发送至车辆控制单元和报警提示单元；
报警提示单元，所述报警提示单元设置在汽车运输的驾驶室内及车辆外部，分别与驾驶人身份核验单元、车载网关单元连接；所述报警提示单元依据驾驶人身份核验单元发送的或车载网关单元发送的驾驶人身份验证结果发出语音提示或声光报警；
远程管理单元，通过车辆控制单元配合驾驶人身份核验单元完成驾驶人身份核验，能够给出对应的车辆管理及驾驶人管理控制指令，反馈给车载网关单元。所述远程管理单元设置在汽车运输相关政府行业主管部门的云平台和/或本地存储服务器和/或相关管理人员的个人手持智能终端、汽车所属运输企业及运输相关方的云平台和/或本地存储服务器和/或相关管理人员的个人手持智能终端、驾乘人员的个人手持智能终端，与车载网关单元连接；所述远程管理单元接收车载网关单元发送的指定驾驶人身份核验结果给出车辆管理及驾驶人管理控制指令，或接收车载网关单元发送的当前驾驶人身份信息采集结果，对驾驶人的身份信息或身份信息与生物特征信息的一致性或相关身份信息、生物特征与官方档案数据库信息、所属企业档案信息进行比对识别，给出车辆管理及驾驶人管理控制指令，反馈给车载网关单元，并通过车载网关反馈给报警提示单元或车辆控制单元，发出声光报警、语音提示或控制车辆。
进一步地，所述驾驶人身份核验单元包括：
身份证件读取子单元，所述身份证件读取子单元用于获取当前驾驶人所持证件的身份信息和/或证件芯片或证件表面内的生物特征信息，并将获取到的所持证件的身份信息和/或证件芯片或证件表面内的生物特征信息传至自身生物特征信息比对子单元或车载网关单元生物特征信息比对子单元或通过车载网关单元传至远程管理单元生物特征信息比对子单元；
生物特征信息采集子单元，所述生物特征信息采集子单元用于获取当前驾驶人的生物特征信息，并将获取到的信息传至自身生物特征信息比对子单元或车载网关单元生物特征信息比对子单元或通过车载网关单元传至远程管理单元生物特征信息比对子单元；
生物特征信息比对子单元，所述生物特征信息比对子单元用于将获取到的驾驶人所持证件的身份信息对应的生物特征信息与当前驾驶人的生物特征信息进行比对核验，确认信息是否属于同一人员及是否属于授权驾驶人员，并将通过现场人证一致性核验的当前采集驾驶人所持证件的身份信息及生物特征信息与自身或车载网关单元中或远程管理单元中授权驾驶人数据库已存储的驾驶人身份信息和生物特征信息进行二次指定驾驶人比对验证。
进一步地，所述驾驶人身份核验单元的身份证件读取子单元包含且不限于二代居民身份证读取装置、IC卡从业资格证读取装置和/或机动车驾驶证读取装置和/或其它证件(如通行证等)读取装置。
进一步地，所述驾驶人身份核验单元的生物特征信息采集子单元包含且不限于人脸信息采集装置和/或指纹信息采集装置和/或虹膜信息采集装置和/或指静脉信息采集装置和/或掌静脉信息采集装置和/或掌纹信息采集装置和/或视网膜信息采集装置和/或声音信息采集装置或其他生物特征信息(如皮肤、手掌几何特征等)采集装置。
所述人脸信息采集装置用于采集驾驶人的正面人脸信息，所述人脸信息采集装置形态包括但不限于外置的视频采集摄像头、嵌入式视频采集摄像头，所述人脸信息采集装置类型包括但不限于可见光视频采集摄像头、近红外视频采集摄像头、用于采集三维人脸信息的专用摄像头或三维人脸采集仪；
所述指纹信息采集装置用于采集驾驶人的指纹信息，所述指纹信息采集装置形态包括但不限于外置的指纹采集器、嵌入式指纹采集组件，所述指纹信息采集装置类型包括但不限于光学指纹采集器、热敏式指纹采集器、生物射频指纹采集器；
所述虹膜信息采集装置用于采集驾驶人的虹膜信息，所述虹膜信息采集装置形态包括但不限于外置的虹膜采集仪、嵌入式虹膜采集器，所述虹膜信息采集装置类型包括但不限于单目虹膜采集仪(器)、双目虹膜采集仪(器)；
所述指静脉信息采集装置用于采集驾驶人的指静脉信息，所述指静脉信息采集装置形态包括但不限于外置的指静脉纹采集器、嵌入式指静脉采集组件，所述指静脉信息采集装置类型包括但不限于单指静脉采集器、指静脉加指纹复合采集器；
所述掌静脉信息采集装置用于采集驾驶人的掌静脉信息，所述掌静脉信息采集装置形态包括但不限于外置的桌面式掌静脉采集器、外置的手持式掌静脉采集器、嵌入式掌静脉采集组件，所述掌静脉信息采集装置类型包括但不限于单掌静脉采集器、掌静脉加掌纹复合采集器；
所述掌纹信息采集装置用于采集驾驶人的掌纹信息，所述掌纹信息采集装置形态包括但不限于外置的桌面式掌纹采集器、外置的手持式掌纹采集器、嵌入式掌纹采集组件，所述掌纹信息采集装置类型包括但不限于单 掌纹采集器、掌纹加掌静脉复合采集器；
所述视网膜信息采集装置用于采集驾驶人的视网膜信息，所述视网膜信息采集装置形态包括但不限于外置的视网膜采集仪、嵌入式视网膜采集器，所述视网膜信息采集装置类型包括但不限于单目视网膜采集仪(器)、双目视网膜采集仪(器)；
所述声音信息采集装置用于采集驾驶人的声音信息，所述声音信息采集装置形态包括但不限于外置的声音采集仪、嵌入式声音采集器，所述声音信息采集装置类型包括但不限于话筒、麦克风、拾音器；
所述其他生物特征信息(如皮肤、手掌几何特征等)采集装置用于采集驾驶人的皮肤内部活体特征信息、手掌和手指的物理特征信息等其他生物特征信息，所述其他生物特征信息(如皮肤、手掌几何特征等)采集装置形态包括但不限于外置的其他生物特征信息(如皮肤、手掌几何特征等)采集仪、嵌入式其他生物特征信息(如皮肤、手掌几何特征等)采集器，所述其他生物特征信息(如皮肤、手掌几何特征等)采集装置类型包括但不限于皮肤光印采集器、手形读取器。
进一步地，所述驾驶人身份核验单元的生物特征信息比对子单元包含且不限于人脸信息比对装置和/或指纹信息比对装置和/或虹膜信息比对装置和/或指静脉信息比对装置和/或掌静脉信息比对装置和/或掌纹信息比对装置和/或视网膜信息比对装置和/或声音信息比对装置和/或其他生物特征信息(如皮肤、手掌几何特征等)比对装置；
所述人脸信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的人脸数码照片和/或表面人脸图像与现场采集到的驾驶人的人脸图像信息进行1:1比对核验，和将现场采集到的驾驶人的人脸图像信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的人脸信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的人脸图像信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的人脸信息进行1:N比对核验，所述人脸信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员人脸数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员人脸数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员人脸数据库和比对识别组件；
所述指纹信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的指纹信息与现场采集到的驾驶人的指纹信息进行1:1比对核验，和将现场采集到的驾驶人的指纹信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的指纹信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的指纹信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的指纹信息进行1:N比对核验，所述指纹信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员指纹数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员指纹数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员指纹数据库和比对识别组件；
所述虹膜信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的虹膜信息(若有)与现场采集到的驾驶人的虹膜信息进行1:1比对核验，和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的虹膜信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的虹膜信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的虹膜信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的虹膜信息进行1:N比对核验，所述虹膜信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员虹膜数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员虹膜数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员虹膜数据库和比对识别组件；
所述指静脉信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的指静脉信息(若有)与现场采集到的驾驶人的指静脉信息进行1:1比对核验，和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的指静脉信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的指静脉信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的指静脉信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的指静脉信息进行1:N比对核验，所述指静脉信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员指静脉数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员指静脉数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员指静脉数据库和比对识别组件；
所述掌静脉信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的掌静脉信息(若有)与现场采集到的驾驶人的掌静脉信息进行1:1比对核验，和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的掌静脉信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的掌静脉信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的掌静脉信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的掌静脉信息进行1:N比对核验，所述掌静脉信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员掌静脉数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员掌静脉数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员掌静脉数据库和比对识别组件；
所述掌纹信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的掌纹信息(若有)与现场采集到的驾驶人的掌纹信息进行1:1比对核验，和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的掌纹信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的掌纹信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的掌纹信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的掌纹信息进行1:N比对核验，所述掌纹信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员掌纹数据库和比对 识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员掌纹数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员掌纹数据库和比对识别组件；
所述视网膜信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的视网膜信息(若有)与现场采集到的驾驶人的视网膜信息进行1:1比对核验，和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的视网膜信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的视网膜信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的视网膜信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的视网膜信息进行1:N比对核验，所述视网膜信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员视网膜数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员视网膜数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员视网膜数据库和比对识别组件；
所述声音信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的声音信息特征(若有)与现场采集到的驾驶人的声音信息特征进行1:1比对核验，和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的声音信息特征与数据库中与读取身份相对应的声音信息特征进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的声音信息特征与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的声音信息特征进行1:N比对核验，所述声音信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员声音特征数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员声音特征数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员声音特征数据库和比对识别组件；
所述皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息(若有)与现场采集到的驾驶人的皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息进行1:1比对核验，和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息进行1:N比对核验，所述皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征数据库和比对识别组件。
进一步地，所述驾驶人身份核验单元直接关联车辆控制单元或通过车载网关间接关联车辆控制单元和/或远程管理单元。当驾驶人身份核验单元直接关联车辆控制单元时，指定驾驶人身份核验通过后车辆ACC开关可正常启动，否则，车辆ACC开关不能正常启动，报警提示单元发出核验失败报警并提示驾驶人调整姿态重新采集生物特征，核验结果及车辆启动情况通过车载网关上传至远程管理单元；当驾驶人身份核验单元通过车载网关间接关联车辆控制单元时，指定驾驶人身份核验结果生成后车载网关向车辆控制单元发送指令，核验通过后车辆ACC开关可正常启动，否则，车辆ACC开关不能正常启动，报警提示单元发出核验失败报警并提示驾驶人调整姿态重新采集生物特征，核验结果及车辆启动情况通过车载网关上传至远程管理单元；当驾驶人身份核验单元通过车载网关间接关联车辆控制单元，但生物特征数据库和比对识别组件在远程管理单元中时，当前驾驶人身份证件读取信息和生物特征采集信息通过车载网关上传至远程管理单元，远程管理单元进行现场采集信息人证一致性比对及指定驾驶人生物特征信息比对识别后将核验结果回传给车载网关，车载网关向车辆控制单元发送指令，核验通过后车辆ACC开关可正常启动，否则，车辆ACC开关不能正常启动，报警提示单元发出核验失败报警并提示驾驶人调整姿态重新采集生物特征，车辆启动情况通过车载网关上传至远程管理单元。特殊状态下，驾驶人身份核验单元支持通过远程管理单元进行远程应急授权。应急授权后，车辆ACC开关处于常开状态，可不经驾驶人身份核验直接启动。
进一步地，所述车辆控制单元至少包括ACC车辆启动控制模块。
所述ACC车辆启动控制模块用于收到驾驶人身份核验单元发送的或驾驶人身份核验单元通过车载网关单元转发的驾驶人身份核验结果后确定是否允许启动车辆开关，驾驶人身份核验结果通过时允许车辆启动，驾驶人身份核验结果未通过时不允许车辆启动。
进一步地，所述车辆控制单元直接关联驾驶人身份核验单元和车载网关单元。当车辆控制单元收到驾驶人身份核验通过结果或收到驾驶人身份核验单元通过车载网关单元转发的驾驶人身份核验通过结果时，车辆控制单元控制车辆ACC开启。
进一步地，所述车载网关单元包括网络通讯模块和/或数据存储模块和/或边缘计算模块。
所述网络通讯模块用于驾驶人身份核验单元与报警提示单元、车辆控制单元及远程管理单元之间的数据交互，将驾驶人身份核验单元上传的身份证件读取数据、生物特征信息采集数据或身份核验结果信息转发至远程管理单元，或依据接收到的驾驶人身份核验结果信息向车辆控制单元和报警提示单元发送相应指令；依据所述边缘计算模块得到的驾驶人身份核验结果向车辆控制单元和报警提示单元发送相应指令；将接收的远程管理单 元的管理指令向驾驶人身份核验单元或报警提示单元或车辆控制单元进行转发；
所述数据存储模块用于存储驾驶人身份核验单元上传的身份证件读取数据、生物特征信息采集数据或授权驾驶人的身份信息数据库及生物特征信息数据库；
所述边缘计算模块用于对驾驶人身份核验单元上传的身份证件读取数据、生物特征信息采集数据进行人证一致性比对及其与授权驾驶人的身份信息数据库及生物特征信息数据库中的信息进行比对核验。
进一步地，所述车载网关单元的网络通讯模块包括5G通信装置、CAN总线通信装置、TCP/IP通信装置、蓝牙(Bluetooth)通信装置、其他无线通信(WIFI、UWB、Zigbee等)装置。
所述5G通信装置用于车载网关与远程管理单元之间的通信；
所述CAN总线通信装置用于车载网关与驾驶人身份核验单元、报警提示单元及车辆控制单元之间采用CAN总线方式的有线通信；
所述TCP/IP通信装置用于车载网关与驾驶人身份核验单元、报警提示单元、车辆控制单元及远程管理单元之间采用TCP/IP方式的有线通信或无线通信；
所述蓝牙(Bluetooth)通信装置用于车载网关与驾驶人身份核验单元、报警提示单元之间基于蓝牙(Bluetooth)协议的无线通信；
所述其他无线通信(WIFI、UWB、Zigbee等)装置用于车载网关与驾驶人身份核验单元、报警提示单元之间的基于WIFI、UWB、Zigbee等对应协议的无线通信。
进一步地，所述车载网关单元的数据存储模块包括内置式数据存储装置和外置式数据存储装置。
所述内置式数据存储装置用于存储驾驶人身份核验单元上传的身份证件读取数据、生物特征信息采集数据或授权驾驶人的身份信息数据库及生物特征信息数据库，包括但不限于内置静态随机存储器SRAM、内置动态随机存储器DRAM、内置硬盘、内置只读存储器ROM，其中，内置只读存储器ROM用于存储授权驾驶人的身份信息数据库及生物特征信息数据库；
所述外置式数据存储装置包括但不限于外接移动硬盘、USB闪存盘、TF存储卡、SD存储卡、可擦写CD-RW、DVD-RAM光盘、不可擦写CD-ROM、DVD-ROM光盘，其中，不可擦写CD-ROM、DVD-ROM光盘用于存储授权驾驶人的身份信息数据库及生物特征信息数据库。
进一步地，所述车载网关单元的边缘计算模块包括含边缘计算功能的AI智能芯片、含边缘计算的终端SDK。
所述含边缘计算功能的电路板AI智能芯片、含边缘计算的终端SDK用于驾驶人身份核验单元上传的身份证件读取数据、生物特征信息采集数据的一致性核验及其与授权驾驶人的身份信息数据库及生物特征信息数据库中的信息进行比对核验。
进一步地，所述车载网关单元直接关联驾驶人身份核验单元、车辆控制单元、报警提示单元和远程管理单元。
当车载网关收到指定驾驶人身份核验通过结果时，车载网关单元向车辆控制单元发送指令控制车辆ACC开启，并向远程管理单元转发驾驶人身份核验结果及车辆控制单元动作信息；当车载网关收到驾驶人身份核验未通过结果时，车载网关单元向车辆控制单元发送指令控制车辆ACC关闭，向报警提示单元发出指令提醒驾驶人调整姿态重新核验，并向远程管理单元转发驾驶人身份核验结果及车辆控制单元动作信息。
进一步地，所述报警提示单元包括驾驶室内声光报警模块、驾驶室内语音提示模块、驾驶室外声光报警模块、驾驶室外语音提示模块等车辆本地报警提示子单元及政府行业管理客户端软件、企业运营管理客户端软件、驾乘人员服务客户端软件等远程监控客户端软件报警提示子单元。
所述驾驶室内声光报警模块用于驾驶人身份核验不通过时发出声光报警。
所述驾驶室内语音提示模块用于驾驶人身份核验通过时提示驾驶人启动车辆、驾驶人身份核验未通过时提示驾驶人调整姿态重新核验。驾驶室内语音提示模块可以与驾驶室内声光报警模块独立设置或合并为语音声光报警器；
所述驾驶室外声光报警模块用于驾驶人多次身份核验不通过或在非应急授权状态下未经驾驶人身份核验车辆ACC被强制开启时发出声光报警。
所述驾驶室外语音提示模块用于驾驶人多次身份核验不通过或在非应急授权状态下未经驾驶人身份核验车辆ACC被强制开启时发出语音提示。语音提示的音量，报警声音的音量足以在路面嘈杂环境中引起路人高度警觉，语音警示内容的语音播报清晰度足以被听者明确理解；
所述政府行业管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验不通过时接收车载网关通过通信中心转发的报警信息。
所述企业运营管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验不通过时接收车载网关通过通信中心转发的报警信息。
所述驾乘人员服务客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验不通过时接收车载网关通过通信中心转发的报警信息。 驾乘人员服务客户端在发出报警信息的同时发出语音提示，语音提示依据驾乘人员服务客户端用户角色不同内容有所差异。如驾驶人员服务客户端语音提示驾驶人调整姿态重新核验等。
进一步地，所述报警提示单元直接关联驾驶人身份核验单元、车载网关单元。当车辆本地报警提示子单元收到驾驶人身份核验单元发出的或驾驶人身份核验单元通过车载网关单元发出的驾驶人身份核验未通过结果时，报警提示单元发出声光报警并语音提示驾驶人调整姿态重新核验；
当远程监控客户端软件报警提示子单元收到驾驶人身份核验单元通过车载网关单元并通过通信中心发出的驾驶人身份核验未通过结果时，报警提示单元发出报警提示。
进一步地，所述远程管理单元包括政府行业管理客户端软件、企业运营管理客户端软件、驾乘人员服务客户端软件和通信中心。
所述政府行业管理客户端软件用于接收显示驾驶人身份核验单元发送的或驾驶人身份核验单元通过车载网关单元并通过通信中心转发的驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息采集结果和身份核验结果，依据驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息信息采集结果进行指定驾驶人身份核验或驾驶人身份管理；
所述企业运营管理客户端软件用于接收显示驾驶人身份核验单元发送的或驾驶人身份核验单元通过车载网关单元并通过通信中心转发的驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息采集结果和身份核验结果，依据驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息信息采集结果进行驾驶人现场人证信息一致性比对及指定驾驶人身份核验或驾驶人身份管理；
所述驾乘人员服务客户端软件用于接收显示驾驶人身份核验单元发送的或驾驶人身份核验单元通过车载网关单元并通过通信中心转发的身份核验结果，依据驾驶人身份核验结果发出启动车辆提示或调整姿态重新核验提示；
所述通信中心用于和车载网关单元进行通信，接收并存储驾驶人身份核验单元通过车载网关单元转发的驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息采集结果或身份核验结果；当生物特征信息比对组件设置在远程管理单元时，通过通信中心的云平台或本地服务器进行生物特征信息比对。通信中心同时作为政府行业管理客户端软件、企业运营管理客户端软件、驾乘人员服务客户端软件的计算机系统环境，支撑相关软件应用，并向车载网关单元转发政府行业管理客户端软件、企业运营管理客户端软件、驾乘人员服务客户端软件的管理指令或应答指令。
进一步地，所述远程管理单元的政府行业管理客户端依据主管行业部门的不同包括公安行业管理客户端软件、交通行业管理客户端软件、应急行业管理客户端软件、其他行业管理客户端软件(如保险行业管理客户端软件)等。
所述公安行业管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验管理和驾驶人身份管理。其中，驾驶人身份核验管理能接收驾乘人员身份核验结果并进行统计、查询；驾驶人身份管理能接收驾驶人身份信息及身份核验结果，并能与公安机关机动车驾驶证档案信息进行比对分析，当出现驾驶人身份信息或准驾车型等与驾驶证档案信息不一致或驾驶人身份信息对应的个人机动车驾驶证准驾车型不包含从业资格要求的准驾车型时发出报警，报警时以文字、图像、语音、文件等方式向企业运营管理客户端及驾驶人服务客户端发出警示信息并按应急预案设定发出联动管理信息；
所述交通行业管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验管理、驾驶人权限监督、驾乘人员档案管理。其中，驾驶人身份核验管理能接收驾驶人身份核验结果并进行统计、查询；驾驶人权限监督能接收并显示驾驶人身份核验报警信息，能对驾驶人驾驶车辆的权限进行监督，并能对驾驶人权限进行应急授权；驾乘人员档案管理能对驾乘人员的档案进行管理，档案管理内容包括人员姓名、性别、身份证号、公司名称、从业资格证号及资格证有效期、人员类别；
所述应急行业管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验管理。驾驶人身份核验管理能接收驾乘人员身份核验结果并进行统计、查询；
所述其他行业管理客户端软件(如保险行业管理客户端软件)用于驾驶人身份核验管理等，驾驶人身份核验管理能接收驾乘人员身份核验结果并进行统计、查询。其他行业管理客户端软件支持依据相应行业管理需求进行功能定制或在用户权限范围内自主选择开通或关闭相关监控客户端功能。
进一步地，所述远程管理单元的企业运营管理客户端至少应包括承运单位管理客户端。对货运类型的车辆指定驾驶人管理，依据使用方的不同可包括托运单位管理客户端软件、承运单位管理客户端软件、收货单位管理客户端软件。
所述托运单位管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份信息查询，支持查询与电子运单号相对应的当次运输驾驶人员或危险货物运输车辆押运人员的身份信息、从业资格证书及当次运输身份核验结果；
所述承运单位管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验管理、驾驶人权限监督、驾乘人员档案管理。其中，驾驶人身份核验管理能接收驾驶人身份信息和身份核验结果、把接收到的驾乘人员身份信息与本单位驾乘人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息进行身份核验及比对分析，当驾驶人身份核验通过且与本单位驾乘人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息比对一致时，发出准驾指令，车辆可正常启动并行驶；驾驶人身份核验未通过或与本单位驾乘人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息比对不一致时，发出不准驾驶指令，车辆不可启动行驶并同时以文字、图像、语音、文件等方式向驾乘人员服务客户端发出警示信息；驾驶人员身份核验未通过或与本单位驾乘人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息比对不一致，车辆被非正常启动并行驶时，显示紧急报警提示并控制车载装置相应单元发出车内外声光报警信息。承运单位管理客户端的驾驶人身份核验管理支持远程授权驾驶人权限和远程应急启动车辆ACC开关，支持对收到的驾乘人员身份核验结果及驾乘人员身份信息及其与本单位驾乘人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息的比对分析结果进行统计、分析、查询；驾乘人档案管理能对驾驶人或危险化学品运输车辆押运人、其他随车人员等驾乘人员的档案进行管理，档案管理内容包括人员姓名、性别、身份证号、从业资格证号及资格证有效期、人员类别、人员户籍地址、实际居住住址、家庭成员情况、主要社会关系等信息；支持对驾乘人员的档案内容进行查询、新增、删除和修改编辑，当新增、删除和编辑驾乘人员档案信息内容时发送提示信息至驾乘人员服务客户端，由相应被新增、删除人员或档案信息内容被修改编辑人员登录进行变更确认后生效并支持驾乘人员通过驾乘人员服务客户端提交新增、删除和修改编辑申请后通过承运单位管理客户端确认存档方式新增、删除和修改编辑驾乘人员档案信息。
所述收货单位管理管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份信息查询，支持查询与电子运单号或物流单号相对应的当次运输驾驶人员或危险货物运输车辆押运人员的身份信息、从业资格证书及当次运输身份核验结果。
进一步地，所述远程管理单元的驾乘人员服务管理客户端至少应包括驾驶人服务客户端软件，对明确要求配备押运人员的货运车辆运输或明确要求配备安全员的客运车辆运输，依据使用方的不同包括驾驶人服务客户端软件、押运人(安全员)服务客户端软件。
所述驾驶人服务客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验及核验异常报警。驾驶人身份核验能接收驾驶人员身份证件信息、生物特征信息及身份核验结果，身份核验通过且与本单位驾乘人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息比对一致时，接收并语音播报承运单位管理客户端下达的准驾指令，提示驾驶人员正常启动车辆并行驶，人证一致性核验未通过或现场采集信息与本单位授权驾驶人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息比对不一致时，接收并语音播报承运单位管理客户端发出的不准驾驶指令，并语音提示驾驶人员调整姿态、核查证件。
所述押运人(安全员)服务客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验异常报警。当驾驶人现场采集信息人证一致性核验未通过或现场采集信息与本单位授权驾驶人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息比对不一致时，接收驾驶人身份核验异常报警并提示押运人(安全员)现场确认真实状况后向所属单位发送核实息。
进一步地，所述远程管理单元的通信中心包括云平台、本地服务器和个人移动智能终端。
所述云平台用于驾驶人身份核验单元上传数据信息的存储、授权驾驶人数据库信息的存储、驾驶人身份核验单元上传数据信息的智能分析识别判定、政府行业管理客户端软件/企业运营管理客户端软件/驾乘人员服务客户端软件的数据接收及调用的共享数据资源池、支撑政府行业管理客户端软件/企业运营管理客户端软件/驾乘人员服务客户端软件应用的计算机硬件平台环境、政府行业管理客户端软件/企业运营管理客户端软件/驾乘人员服务客户端软件与车载网关单元的通信交互。云平台和车载网关单元进行通信，接收并存储驾驶人身份核验单元通过车载网关单元转发的驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息采集结果或身份核验结果。当生物特征信息比对组件设置在云平台时，通过云平台进行生物特征信息比对，并向车载网关单元转发政府行业管理客户端软件、企业运营管理客户端软件、驾乘人员服务客户端软件的管理指令或应答指令。
所述本地服务器用于驾驶人身份核验单元上传数据信息的分别存储、授权驾驶人数据库信息的存储、驾驶人身份核验单元上传数据信息的智能分析识别判定、政府行业管理客户端软件/企业运营管理客户端软件/驾乘人员服务客户端软件分别进行数据接收及调用的数据源、支撑政府行业管理客户端软件/企业运营管理客户端软件/驾乘人员服务客户端软件应用的计算机硬件平台环境、政府行业管理客户端软件/企业运营管理客户端软件/驾乘人员服务客户端软件与车载网关单元的通信交互。本地服务器和车载网关单元进行通信，接收并存储驾驶人身份核验单元通过车载网关单元转发的驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息采集结果或身份核验结果。当生物特征信息比对组件设置在本地服务器时，通过本地服务器进行生物特征信息比对，并向车载网关单元分别转发政府行业管理客户端软件、企业运营管理客户端软件、驾乘人员服务客户端软件的管理指令或应答指令。
个人手持智能终端用于驾驶人身份核验单元上传数据信息的在线查询工具和临时存储空间、支撑政府行业管理移动客户端APP软件/企业运营管理移动客户端APP软件/驾乘人员服务移动客户端APP软件应用的计算 机硬件环境、政府行业管理移动客户端APP软件/企业运营管理移动客户端APP软件/驾乘人员服务移动客户端APP软件与云平台或本地服务器及车载网关单元的通信交互。个人手持智能终端通过云平台或本地服务器和车载网关单元进行通信，接收驾驶人身份核验单元通过车载网关单元转发的驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息采集结果或身份核验结果，并向车载网关单元转发政府行业管理移动客户端APP软件/企业运营管理移动客户端APP软件/驾乘人员服务移动客户端APP软件的管理指令或应答指令。
进一步地，所述远程管理单元设置在汽车运输相关政府行业主管部门的云平台和/或本地存储服务器和/或相关管理人员的个人手持智能终端、汽车所属运输企业及运输相关方的云平台和/或本地存储服务器和/或相关管理人员的个人手持智能终端、驾乘人员的个人手持智能终端，与车载网关单元连接；所述远程管理单元接收车载网关单元发送的驾驶人身份核验结果给出车辆管理及驾驶人管理控制指令，或接收车载网关单元发送的驾驶人身份信息采集结果，对驾驶人的身份信息或身份信息与生物特征信息的一致性或相关身份信息、生物特征与官方档案数据库信息、所属企业档案信息进行比对识别，并给出车辆管理及驾驶人管理控制指令，反馈给车载网关单元，并通过车载网关反馈给报警提示单元或车辆控制单元，发出声光报警、语音提示或控制车辆。
本发明提供的基于生物特征识别技术的指定驾驶人管理系统，其可对车辆驾驶人进行基于生物特征识别技术的人证一致比对核验及授权身份核验，依据指定驾驶人身份核验结果控制车辆的启动权限和/或对非法驾驶人形成安全警告，对潜在的可能由于驾驶人因素引发的事故风险进行有效的预警和主动干预，以提高车辆运行的安全性。
再者，本发明提供的指定驾驶人管理系统能够将驾驶人身份与指定营运车辆的驾驶权限及具体车辆的启动权限绑定，从而能够实现从驾驶人角度保障汽车运输的运行安全。
同时，本发明提供的指定驾驶人管理系统的远程管理单元在协助实现以上系统整体安全监控功能的同时，可以为承运单位、托运单位、收货单位等运输相关企业运营管理单位提供对驾驶人身份管理的依据和具体方案，也可以为公安机关、交通管理、应急管理等政府行业管理部门对驾驶人身份及所属单位的驾驶人员安全管理情况提供评价和管理依据，通过多方合力，以先进技术的融合应用消除因驾驶人因素导致的“两客一危一校一货”车辆行车安全隐患，切实防范遏制导致群死群伤重特大事故交通事故的发生，保护人民群众的生命财产安全，维护国家安定、保障社会和谐。
附图说明
以下结合附图和具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明。
图1为本发明实例提供的基于生物特征识别技术的指定驾驶人管理系统的成原理及使用流程示意图；
图2为本发明实例中驾驶人身份核验单元的驾驶人身份证件读取子单元示意图；
图3为本发明实例中驾驶人身份核验单元的生物特征信息采集子单元示意图；
图4为本发明实例中车辆控制单元构成原理及使用流程示意图；
图5为本发明实例中车载网关单元构成原理及其网络通讯模块示意图；
图6为本发明实例中报警提示单元构成原理及使用流程示意图；
图7为本发明实例中远程管理单元构成原理及使用流程示意图；
图8为本发明实例中远程管理单元的政府行业管理客户端构成原理示意图；
图9为本发明实例中远程管理单元的企业运营管理客户端构成原理示意图；
图10为本发明实例中远程管理单元的驾乘人员服务客户端构成原理示意图；
图11为本发明实例中远程管理单元的通信中心构成原理示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体图示，进一步阐述本发明。
现行交通运输行业标准JT/T 794-2019《道路运输车辆卫星定位系统车载终端技术要求》规定的驾驶员身份确认仅通过驾驶员IC卡从业资格证进行驾驶员身份识别，对该证是否本人持有并未提出核验要求，存在不具备资格的驾驶人持有他人驾驶员IC卡从业资格证非法驾驶“两客一危”车辆的风险。而对同样作为交通运输行业重点管控对象，需要严查严管的其它货运汽车和接受义务教育学生上下学的7座以上的载客汽车，目前未配置车载终端，无法对驾驶人身份进行核验确认，导致因非授权驾驶人非法驾驶车辆引发的涉货涉校重大交通事故或严重安全事故层出不穷。
为此，本发明创新地从驾驶人身份管理角度切入，利用生物特征识别、云计算、物联网等新兴技术直接锁定授权驾驶人身份，畅通相关主管行业部门、车辆及驾驶人所属单位对车辆现场驾驶人真实身份的实时掌控，并将授权驾驶人身份核验结果联动控制车辆的启动权限，从而实现消除因非授权驾驶人因素导致的安全隐患，从驾驶人管理角度保障相应车辆运输安全。
据此，本发明提供一种基于生物特征识别技术的指定驾驶人管理系统，该管理系统对授权车辆驾驶人进行基于生物特征识别技术的现场人证一致性核验和现场人员信息与授权驾驶人数据库信息的两次身份核验，依据授权驾驶人身份核验结果控制车辆的启动权限，对潜在的可能由于非授权驾驶人非法驾驶车辆引发的事故风险进行有效的预警和主动干预，防范“两客一危一货一校”等营运车辆因驾驶人资质、能力或恶意破坏因素导致交通安全事故或安全事件。
参见图1，其所示为本发明给出的一种基于生物特征识别技术的指定驾驶人管理系统的整体构成原理示意图。
基于图1所示，本指定驾驶人管理系统主要由驾驶人身份核验单元100、车辆控制单元200、车载网关单元300、报警提示单元400以及远程管理单元500相互配合构成。
基于图1所示，本系统中的驾驶人身份核验单元100设置在车辆600的驾驶室内，与车辆的车载网关单元300、报警提示单元400、车辆控制单元200关联，并能够通过车载网关单元300与远程管理单元500关联。
这里的驾驶人身份核验单元100可采集当前驾驶人证件信息和生物特征信息。
本驾驶人身份核验单元100自身可存储采集的当前驾驶人身份信息、生物特征信息及授权驾驶人身份信息、对应的生物特征信息。
本驾驶人身份核验单元100也可将采集的当前驾驶人证件信息、生物特征信息及授权驾驶人身份信息、对应的生物特征信息存储于车载网关单元300的数据存储模块或通过车载网关单元300的网络通讯模块将采集的当前驾驶人证件信息和生物特征信息无线连接上传至远程管理单元，在远程管理单元存储授权驾驶人身份信息、对应的生物特征信息。
本驾驶人身份核验单元100还能够通过自身将采集的驾驶人证件信息中的生物特征信息与现场采集的生物特征信息进行一致性比对核验并与授权驾驶人信息进行比对核验，或通过车载网关的边缘计算模块将采集的当前驾驶人证件信息中的生物特征信息与现场采集的生物特征信息进行一致性比对核验并与授权驾驶人信息进行比对核验，或通过远程管理单元将采集的当前驾驶人证件信息中的生物特征信息与现场采集的生物特征信息进行一致性比对核验并与授权驾驶人信息进行比对核验，且根据核验结果控制车辆启动系统的工作状态。
作为举例，这里针对的车辆600可以为“两客一危一货一校”等营运车辆。
基于图1所示，本指定驾驶人管理系统中的驾驶人身份核验单元100主要由身份证件读取子单元110、生物特征信息采集子单元120及生物特征信息比对子单元130相互配合构成。
这里的身份证件读取子单元110用于获取当前驾驶人所持证件的身份信息及证件芯片或证件表面的持证人生物特征信息，并将获取到的所持证件的身份信息及证件芯片或证件表面的持证人生物特征信息传至自身生物特征信息比对子单元130或车载网关单元300中相应的生物特征信息比对功能模块(如相应的边缘计算模块)或通过车载网关单元300传至远程管理单元500生物特征信息比对功能模块。
生物特征信息采集子单元120用于获取当前驾驶人的生物特征信息，并将获取到的信息传至自身生物特征信息比对子单元130或车载网关单元300中相应的生物特征信息比对功能模块(如相应的边缘计算模块)或通过车载网关单元300传至远程管理单元500中的生物特征信息比对功能模块。
该生物特征信息比对子单元130用于将获取到的驾驶人所持证件的身份信息对应的生物特征信息与当前驾驶人的生物特征信息进行比对核验，确认信息是否属于同一人员及是否属于授权驾驶人员。
基于图1所示，如此设置的驾驶人身份核验单元100方便使用身份证件读取子单元110采集当前驾驶人证件信息，使用生物特征信息采集子单元120采集当前驾驶人生物特征信息，并通过生物特征信息比对子单元130将通过身份证件读取子单元110采集的驾驶人证件信息，通过生物特征信息采集子单元120采集的驾驶人生物特征信息进行一致性比对并与已存储在生物特征信息比对子单元130中和/或存储在车载网关单元300中和/或存储在远程管理单元500中的授权驾驶人身份信息及对应的生物特征信息进行比对验证。其中，现场采集的证件信息中的生物特征识别信息与现场采集的人员生物特征信息一致性比对通过后，才能启动现场采集的身份信息、生物特征识别信息与授权驾驶人身份信息、生物特征识别信息的比对核验。
本驾驶人身份核验单元100在由生物特征信息比对子单元130进行驾驶人身份核验时，将根据授权驾驶人身份核验结果形成对应的车辆控制指令，如车辆启动指令。
作为举例，驾驶人身份核验单元100在驾驶人身份核验通过时，可通过驾驶人身份核验单元100直接发送 允许启动指令信息至车辆控制单元200或发送允许启动指令信息至车载网关单元300并通过车载网关单元300转发允许启动指令信息至车辆控制单元200，这样车辆控制单元200在接收到相应的控制指令后，则可根据指令联动来开启车辆ACC。
驾驶人身份核验单元100在驾驶人身份核验不通过时，可直接发送不允许启动指令信息至车辆控制单元200并发送声光报警信息和语音提示信息至报警提示单元400。作为代替方案，也可发送不允许启动指令信息、声光报警信息和语音提示信息至车载网关单元300并通过车载网关单元300转发不允许启动指令信息至车辆控制单元200，并转发声光报警信息和语音提示信息至报警提示单元400。
这样车辆控制单元200在接收到不允许启动指令信息后，将同步联动关闭车辆ACC，与此同时，报警提示单元400将根据接收到的发声光报警信息和/或语音提示信息，同步发出核验失败声光报警和/或语音提示驾驶人调整姿态重新采集生物特征信息、核查证件。
本驾驶人身份核验单元100在身份核验结束后，将核验结果及车辆启动情况通过车载网关300上传至远程管理单元500。
这里需要说明的，本指定驾驶人管理系统的驾驶人身份核验单元100中可以不包括生物特征信息比对子单元130，替代的，通过与远程管理单元500来配合实现驾驶人身份核验。如在远程管理单元500中运行相应的生物特征数据库和比对识别组件，由此来实现远程的生物特征信息比对。
在此情况下，本指定驾驶人管理系统的驾驶人身份核验单元100在进行驾驶人身份核验时，则可使用身份证件读取子单元110采集当前驾驶人身份证件信息和使用生物特征信息采集子单元120采集当前驾驶人生物特征信息；在完成相应信息采集后，通过车载网关300上传至远程管理单元500，远程管理单元500进行生物特征信息比对识别后将核验结果回传给车载网关300，车载网关300向车辆控制单元200发送指令。
这样，核验通过时，远程管理单元500通过车载网关300向车辆控制单元200发送允许启动指令；核验不通过时，远程管理单元500通过车载网关300向车辆控制单元200发送不允许启动指令，并通过车载网关300向报警提示单元400发出核验失败报警并提示驾驶人调整姿态重新采集生物特征信息、核查证件。
特殊状态下，远程管理单元500可通过车载网关300向驾驶人身份核验单元100发出专用指令对驾驶人进行远程应急授权或应急启动车辆ACC开关。
基于图1所示，本系统中的车辆控制单元200设置在车辆600的驾驶室内，与车辆的驾驶人身份核验单元100、车载网关单元300关联并通过车载网关300与远程管理单元500关联。
本车辆控制单元200设置在汽车驾驶室，联动车辆的启动系统，并与车载网关单元300、驾驶人身份核验单元100关联，并通过车载网关单元300与报警提示单元400、远程管理单元500和/或驾驶人身份核验单元100关联。
本车辆控制单元200能够依据驾驶人身份核验单元100发送的或车载网关单元300发送的驾驶人身份验证结果控制车辆是否能够启动。
图4所示为本实例给出的指定驾驶人管理系统中的车辆控制单元200的一种构成原理及使用流程示意图。
基于图4所示，本实例给出的车辆控制单元200由ACC车辆启动控制模块构成。
基于图1和图6所示，如此设置的车辆控制单元200可使用ACC车辆启动控制模块接收驾驶人身份核验单元100发送的、或驾驶人身份核验单元100通过车载网关单元300转发的、或政府行业管理客户端软件510通过通信中心540及车载网关单元300转发的、或企业运营管理客户端软件510通过车载网关单元300转发的驾驶人身份核验结果并确定是否允许启动车辆开关，驾驶人身份核验结果通过时允许车辆启动，驾驶人身份核验结果未通过时不允许车辆启动。
本车辆控制单元200在部署应用时优选直接关联驾驶人身份核验单元100和车载网关单元300，这样当车辆控制单元200收到驾驶人身份核验通过结果或收到驾驶人身份核验单元100通过车载网关单元300转发的驾驶人身份核验通过结果时，车辆控制单元200可通过控制车辆ACC开启；当车辆控制单元200收到驾驶人身份核验未通过结果时，车辆控制单元控制车辆ACC关闭；当车辆控制单元200收到驾驶人状态检测异常结果时，车辆控制单元控制车辆限速、降速或紧急制动；从而实现不同情况对车辆进行不同类别的精确管控，有效保证车辆行驶安全。
基于图1所示，本系统中的车载网关单元300设置在车辆600的驾驶室内，与车辆的驾驶人身份核验单元100、报警提示单元400、车辆控制单元200及远程管理单元500关联。
这里的车载网关单元300至少具备网络通讯功能和/或数据存储功能和/或边缘计算功能并与远程管理单元 500之间建立通信通道，以对驾驶人身份核验单元100产生的数据信息进行比对、识别、分析或将相关信息传输至远程管理单元进行比对、识别、分析，并将远程管理单元返回的管理数据信息发送至车辆控制单元和报警提示单元.
参见图5，其所示为本实例给出的指定驾驶人管理系统中车载网关单元300的一种构成原理及其网络通讯模块示意图。
基于图5所示，本实例给出的用于指定驾驶人管理系统的车载网关单元300由网络通讯模块310和/或数据存储模块320和/或边缘计算模块330互相组合构成或独立构成。其中，网络通讯模块310为基本组成部分，即为车载网关单元300的必要组成部分。
基于图1和图5所示，如此设置的车载网关单元300使用网络通讯模块310进行驾驶人身份核验单元100与报警提示单元400、车辆控制单元200及远程管理单元500之间的数据交互，可将驾驶人身份核验单元100上传的身份证件读取数据、生物特征信息采集数据或身份核验结果信息转发至远程管理单元500，或依据接收到的驾驶人身份核验结果信息向车辆控制单元200和报警提示单元400发送相应指令。
本车载网关单元300可依据车载网关单元300的边缘计算模块330得到的驾驶人身份核验结果向车辆控制单元200和报警提示单元400发送相应指令；或将接收的远程管理单元500的管理指令向驾驶人身份核验单元100或报警提示单元400或车辆控制单元200进行转发。
本车载网关单元300可使用数据存储模块320存储驾驶人身份核验单元100上传的身份证件读取数据、生物特征信息采集数据或授权驾驶人的身份信息数据库及生物特征信息数据库。
本车载网关单元300可使用边缘计算模块330对驾驶人身份核验单元100上传的身份证件读取数据、生物特征信息采集数据进行比对核验并与授权驾驶人的身份信息数据库及生物特征信息数据库中的信息进行比对核验。
基于图1所示，本系统中的报警提示单元400设置在车辆600的驾驶室内、车辆外部及远程管理单元500的监控客户端软件，与车辆的驾驶人身份核验单元100、驾驶人状态监测单元200、车载网关单元300及远程管理单元500关联。
这里的报警提示单元400包括本地声光报警器或语音提示装置以及远程监控客户端报警显示设置，其中报警提示单元400中的本地声光报警器或语音提示装置设置在汽车运输的驾驶室内及车辆外部，分别与驾驶人身份核验单元100、车载网关单元300连接；如此设置的本地报警提示单元能够依据驾驶人身份核验单元100发送的或车载网关单元300发送的驾驶人身份验证结果发出语音提示或声光报警。
本报警提示单元400中的远程监控客户端报警显示设置在远程管理单元的政府行业管理客户端软件、企业运营管理客户端软件、驾乘人员服务客户端软件，与车载网关单元300连接；如此设置的报警提示单元的监控客户端依据车载网关单元300发送的驾驶人身份核验结果或驾驶人状态监测判定结果发出语音或文字提示。
图6所示为本实例给出的指定驾驶人管理系统中报警提示单元400构成原理及使用流程示意图。
基于图6所示，本实例给出的用于指定驾驶人管理系统的报警提示单元400由驾驶室内声光报警模块410、驾驶室内语音提示模块420、驾驶室外声光报警模块430、驾驶室外语音提示模块440等车辆本地报警提示子单元及政府行业管理客户端软件510、企业运营管理客户端软件520、驾乘人员服务客户端软件530等远程监控客户端软件报警提示子单元相互配合构成。
基于图1和图6所示，如此设置的报警提示单元400中的驾驶室内声光报警模块410用于驾驶人身份核验不通过时发出声光报警。作为举例，光报警模块的声光报警器发出的光一般默认红色。
驾驶室内语音提示模块420用于驾驶人身份核验通过时提示驾驶人启动车辆、驾驶人身份核验未通过时提示驾驶人调整姿态重新核验。作为举例，这里的驾驶室内语音提示模块420可以与驾驶室内声光报警模块独立设置或合并为语音声光报警器。
驾驶室外声光报警模块430用于驾驶人多次身份核验不通过或在非应急授权状态下未经驾驶人身份核验车辆ACC被强制开启时发出对车辆外人群的声光报警。作为举例，这里的声光报警模块的声光报警器发出的光一般默认红色，报警声音的音量足以在路面嘈杂环境中引起路人警觉。
驾驶室外语音提示模块440用于驾驶人多次身份核验不通过或在非应急授权状态下未经驾驶人身份核验车辆ACC被强制开启时对车辆外人群发出语音提示。作为举例，这里驾驶室外语音提示模块440产生的语音提示的音量，报警声音的音量足以在路面嘈杂环境中引起路人高度警觉，语音警示内容的语音播报清晰度足以被听者明确理解。
政府行业管理客户端软件510用于驾驶人身份核验不通过时接收车载网关通过通信中心转发的报警信息。
企业运营管理客户端软件520用于驾驶人身份核验不通过时接收车载网关通过通信中心转发的报警信息。
驾乘人员服务客户端530用于驾驶人身份核验不通过时接收车载网关通过通信中心转发的报警信息，并在发出报警信息的同时发出提示驾驶人调整姿态重新核验等依据驾乘人员服务客户端用户角色不同而设定好内容的语音提示。作为举例，这里的驾乘人员服务客户端在发出报警信息的同时发出语音提示，语音提示依据驾乘人员服务客户端用户角色不同内容有所差异。如驾驶人员服务客户端语音提示驾驶人调整姿态重新核验；危险化学品运输车辆的押运人员服务客户端语音提示押运人员现场确认真实状况后向所属单位发送核实信息、长途客运车辆或校车的安全员服务客户端语音提示安全员现场确认真实状况后向所属单位发送核实信等。
基于图1所示，本系统中的远程管理单元500设置在汽车运输相关政府行业主管部门的云平台和/或本地存储服务器和/或相关管理人员的个人手持智能终端、汽车所属运输企业及运输相关方的云平台和/或本地存储服务器和/或相关管理人员的个人手持智能终端、驾乘人员的个人手持智能终端，与车载网关单元300关联，并通过车载网关单元300与车辆的驾驶人身份核验单元100、报警提示单元400及车辆控制单元200关联。
本远程管理单元500在运行时，接收车载网关单元300发送的驾驶人身份核验结果给出车辆管理及驾驶人管理控制指令，或接收车载网关单元300发送的驾驶人身份信息采集结果，对驾驶人的身份信息或身份信息与生物特征信息的一致性或相关身份信息、生物特征与官方档案数据库信息、所属企业档案信息进行比对识别，并给出车辆管理及驾驶人管理控制指令，反馈给车载网关单元300，并通过车载网关反馈给报警提示单元400或车辆控制单元200，发出声光报警、语音提示或控制车辆ACC开启、关闭。
参见图7，其所示为本实例给出的指定驾驶人管理系统中采用到的远程管理单元500的一种构成原理及使用流程示意图。
基于图7所示，本实例给出的远程管理单元500由政府行业管理客户端软件510、企业运营管理客户端软件520、驾乘人员服务客户端软件530和通信中心540(如云平台或本地服务器和/或个人移动智能终端)相互配合构成。
基于图1和图7所示，如此设置的远程管理单元500可使用政府行业管理客户端软件510接收显示驾驶人身份核验单元100发送的或驾驶人身份核验单元100通过车载网关单元300并通过通信中心540转发的驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息采集结果和身份核验结果，依据驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息信息采集结果进行补充内容身份核验。
远程管理单元500可使用企业运营管理客户端软件520接收显示驾驶人身份核验单元100发送的或驾驶人身份核验单元100通过车载网关单元300并通过通信中心540转发的驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息采集结果和身份核验结果，依据驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息采集结果进行补充内容身份核验。
远程管理单元500可使用驾乘人员服务客户端软件530接收显示驾驶人身份核验单元100发送的或驾驶人身份核验单元100通过车载网关单元300并通过通信中心540转发的身份核验结果，依据驾驶人身份核验结果发出启动车辆提示或调整姿态重新核验提示。
远程管理单元500可使用通信中心540和车载网关单元300进行通信，接收并存储驾驶人身份核验单元100通过车载网关单元300转发的驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息采集结果或身份核验结果。当生物特征信息比对组件设置在远程管理单元500时，则可通过通信中心540的云平台或本地服务器进行生物特征信息比对。
这里的通信中心540同时作为政府行业管理客户端软件510、企业运营管理客户端软件520、驾乘人员服务客户端软件530的计算机系统环境，支撑相关软件应用，并向车载网关单元300转发政府行业管理客户端软件510、企业运营管理客户端软件520、驾乘人员服务客户端软件530的管理指令或应答指令。
在此基础上，本发明进一步明确给出了基于驾驶人管理的汽车运输车辆安全监控系统各单元构成模块可能涉及的具体装置。
图2所示为本实例给出的基于生物特征识别技术的指定驾驶人管理系统的驾驶人身份核验单元中驾驶人身份证件读取子单元110一种构成示意图。
基于图2所示，本实例给出的用于指定驾驶人管理系统的驾驶人身份核验单元100中身份证件读取子单元110包含且不限于二代居民身份证读取装置111、IC卡从业资格证读取装置112和/或机动车驾驶证读取装置113和/或其它证件(如通行证等)读取装置114。具体使用装置类型依据管理工作需要确定，此处不加以限定。通常情况下，应至少具备二代居民身份证读取装置111，对驾驶人需持从业资格证上岗的营运车辆类型，应至少 具备二代居民身份证读取装置111和IC卡从业资格证读取装置112。
据此配置，本身份证件读取子单元110可使用二代居民身份证读取装置111读取驾驶人的二代居民身份证。该二代居民身份证读取装置111的形态包括但不限于外置的独立居民身份证阅读器、嵌入式居民身份证阅读模块或智能终端的内置居民身份证阅读组件。具体依据车辆的安装条件确定，此处不加以限定。
本身份证件读取子单元110可使用IC卡从业资格证读取装置112读取道路旅客运输驾驶员、道路危险货物运输从业人员、道路客货运输驾驶员及部分出租汽车驾驶员的道路运输从业人员IC卡从业资格证。该IC卡从业资格证读取装置112具体形态包括但不限于读取IC卡从业资格证芯片信息的射频识别(RFID)读卡器或具备NFC功能的智能手持终端、读取IC卡从业资格证表面二维码信息的扫码器或具备二维码扫描功能的智能手持终端、读取IC卡从业资格证表面文字信息的证照采集仪或具备OCR功能的智能手持终端。具体依据车辆的安装条件确定，此处不加以限定。
本身份证件读取子单元110可使用机动车驾驶证读取装置113读取驾驶人持有的机动车驾驶证。该机动车驾驶证读取装置113形态包括但不限于读取含芯片机动车驾驶证的射频识别(RFID)读卡器或具备NFC功能的智能手持终端、读取机动车驾驶证表面二维码信息的扫码器或具备二维码扫描功能的智能手持终端、读取机动车驾驶证表面文字信息的证照采集仪或具备OCR功能的智能手持终端。具体依据车辆的安装条件确定，此处不加以限定。
本身份证件读取子单元110使用其它证件(如通行证等)读取装置114读取驾驶人持有的通行证等其它证件。该其它证件(如通行证等)读取装置114的形态依据所读取证件情况确定，包括但不限于读取含芯片证件的射频识别(RFID)读卡器或具备NFC功能的智能手持终端、读取证件表面二维码信息的扫码器或具备二维码扫描功能的智能手持终端、读取证件表面文字信息的证照采集仪或具备OCR功能的智能手持终端。具体依据车辆的安装条件确定，此处不加以限定。
进一步参见图3，其所示为本实例给出的用于指定驾驶人管理系统的驾驶人身份核验单元中生物特征信息采集子单元120的一种构成示意图。
基于图3所示，本实例给出的用于指定驾驶人管理系统的驾驶人身份核验单元100中生物特征信息采集子单元120由包含且不限于人脸信息采集装置121、指纹信息采集装置122、虹膜信息采集装置123、指静脉信息采集装置124、掌静脉信息采集装置125、掌纹信息采集装置126、视网膜信息采集装置127、声音信息采集装置128或其他生物特征信息(如皮肤、手掌几何特征等)采集装置129。具体按相关政府行业主管部门的要求确定，此处并不限定，但优选采用人脸信息采集装置121、虹膜信息采集装置123、视网膜信息采集装置127、声音信息采集装置128等非接触生物特征采集方式。
生物特征信息采集子单元120可使用人脸信息采集装置121采集驾驶人的正面人脸信息。该人脸信息采集装置121的具体形态包括但不限于外置的视频采集摄像头、嵌入式视频采集摄像头，具体类型包括但不限于可见光视频采集摄像头、近红外视频采集摄像头、用于采集三维人脸信息的专用摄像头或三维人脸采集仪。具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
本生物特征信息采集子单元120可使用指纹信息采集装置122采集驾驶人的指纹信息。该指纹信息采集装置122的形态包括但不限于外置的指纹采集器、嵌入式指纹采集组件，具体类型包括但不限于光学指纹采集器、热敏式指纹采集器、生物射频指纹采集器。具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
本生物特征信息采集子单元120可使用虹膜信息采集装置123采集驾驶人的虹膜信息。该虹膜信息采集装置123的具体形态包括但不限于外置的虹膜采集仪、嵌入式虹膜采集器；虹膜信息采集装置类型包括但不限于单目虹膜采集仪(器)、双目虹膜采集仪(器)。具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
本生物特征信息采集子单元120可使用指静脉信息采集装置124采集驾驶人的指静脉信息。该静脉信息采集装置124的具体形态包括但不限于外置的指静脉纹采集器、嵌入式指静脉采集组件；指静脉信息采集装置类型包括但不限于单指静脉采集器、指静脉加指纹复合采集器。具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
本生物特征信息采集子单元120可使用掌静脉信息采集装置125采集驾驶人的掌静脉信息。该掌静脉信息采集装置125的具体形态包括但不限于外置的桌面式掌静脉采集器、外置的手持式掌静脉采集器、嵌入式掌静脉采集组件；掌静脉信息采集装置类型包括但不限于单掌静脉采集器、掌静脉加掌纹复合采集器。具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
本生物特征信息采集子单元120可使用掌纹信息采集装置126采集驾驶人的掌纹信息。该掌纹信息采集装置126的具体形态包括但不限于外置的桌面式掌纹采集器、外置的手持式掌纹采集器、嵌入式掌纹采集组件；同时掌纹信息采集装置类型包括但不限于单掌纹采集器、掌纹加掌静脉复合采集器。具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
本生物特征信息采集子单元120可使用视网膜信息采集装置127采集驾驶人的视网膜信息。该视网膜信息采集装置127的具体形态包括但不限于外置的视网膜采集仪、嵌入式视网膜采集器。该视网膜信息采集装置类型包括但不限于单目视网膜采集仪(器)、双目视网膜采集仪(器)。具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
本生物特征信息采集子单元120可使用声音信息采集装置128采集驾驶人的声音信息。该声音信息采集装置128的具体形态包括但不限于外置的声音采集仪、嵌入式声音采集器。该声音信息采集装置类型包括但不限于话筒、麦克风、拾音器。具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
本生物特征信息采集子单元120可使用其他生物特征信息(如皮肤、手掌几何特征等)采集装置129采集驾驶人的皮肤内部活体特征信息、手掌和手指的物理特征信息等其他生物特征信息。这里其他生物特征信息(如皮肤、手掌几何特征等)采集装置129的具体形态包括但不限于外置的其他生物特征信息(如皮肤、手掌几何特征等)采集仪、嵌入式其他生物特征信息(如皮肤、手掌几何特征等)采集器。再者，这里其他生物特征信息(如皮肤、手掌几何特征等)采集装置类型包括但不限于皮肤光印采集器、手形读取器。具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
与之配合的，本实例中驾驶人身份核验单元的生物特征信息比对子单元130具体包含且不限于人脸信息比对装置、指纹信息比对装置、虹膜信息比对装置、指静脉信息比对装置、掌静脉信息比对装置、掌纹信息比对装置、视网膜信息比对装置、声音信息比对装置或其他生物特征信息(如皮肤、手掌几何特征等)比对装置。
这里的人脸信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的人脸数码照片和/或表面人脸图像与现场采集到的驾驶人的人脸图像信息进行1:1比对核验，和将现场采集到的驾驶人的人脸图像信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的人脸信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的人脸图像信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的人脸信息进行1:N比对核验。
该人脸信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员人脸数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员人脸数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员人脸数据库和比对识别组件；具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
这里的指纹信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的指纹信息与现场采集到的驾驶人的指纹信息进行1:1比对核验，和将现场采集到的驾驶人的指纹信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的指纹信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的指纹信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的指纹信息进行1:N比对核验。
该指纹信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员指纹数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员指纹数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员指纹数据库和比对识别组件；具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
这里的虹膜信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的虹膜信息(若有)与现场采集到的驾驶人的虹膜信息进行1:1比对核验，和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的虹膜信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的虹膜信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的虹膜信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的虹膜信息进行1:N比对核验。
该虹膜信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员虹膜数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员虹膜数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员虹膜数据库和比对识别组件；具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
这里的指静脉信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的指静脉信息(若有)与现场采集到的驾驶人的指静脉信息进行1:1比对核验，和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的指静脉信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的指静脉信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的指静脉信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的指静脉信息进行1:N比对核验。该指静脉信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员指静脉数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员指静脉数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员指静脉数据库和比对识别组件；具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
这里的述掌静脉信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的掌静脉信息(若有)与现场采集到的驾驶人的掌静脉信息进行1:1比对核验，和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的掌静脉信息与数据库中与读 取身份相对应的掌静脉信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的掌静脉信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的掌静脉信息进行1:N比对核验。该掌静脉信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员掌静脉数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员掌静脉数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员掌静脉数据库和比对识别组件；具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
这里的掌纹信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的掌纹信息(若有)与现场采集到的驾驶人的掌纹信息进行1:1比对核验，和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的掌纹信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的掌纹信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的掌纹信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的掌纹信息进行1:N比对核验。
该掌纹信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员掌纹数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员掌纹数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员掌纹数据库和比对识别组件；具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
这里的视网膜信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的视网膜信息(若有)与现场采集到的驾驶人的视网膜信息进行1:1比对核验，和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的视网膜信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的视网膜信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的视网膜信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的视网膜信息进行1:N比对核验。
该网膜信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员视网膜数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员视网膜数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员视网膜数据库和比对识别组件；具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
这里的声音信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的声音信息特征(若有)与现场采集到的驾驶人的声音信息特征进行1:1比对核验，和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的声音信息特征与数据库中与读取身份相对应的声音信息特征进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的声音信息特征与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的声音信息特征进行1:N比对核验
该声音信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员声音特征数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员声音特征数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员声音特征数据库和比对识别组件；具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
这里的皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息比对装置用于将读取到的身份证件或其它证件中的芯片中的皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息(若有)与现场采集到的驾驶人的皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息进行1:1比对核验，和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息与数据库中与读取身份相对应的皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息进行1:1比对核验和/或将现场采集到的驾驶人的皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息与数据库中所有获授权驾驶人的皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息进行1:N比对核验。
该皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征信息比对装置形态包括但不限于身份核验单元内置的授权人员皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征数据库和比对识别组件、车载网关单元中的授权人员皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征数据库和比对识别组件、远程管理单元中的授权人员皮肤、手掌几何特征等其他生物特征数据库和比对识别组件。具体依据车辆的安装条件及承运单位管理要求确定，此处不加以限定。
据此身份证件读取子单元110、生物特征信息采集子单元120和生物特征信息比对子单元130相互配合构成的驾驶人身份核验单元100在进行部署时，可直接关联车辆控制单元或通过车载网关间接关联车辆控制单元和/或远程管理单元。
当驾驶人身份核验单元110直接关联车辆控制单元200时，指定驾驶人身份核验通过后车辆ACC开关可正常启动，否则，车辆ACC开关不能正常启动，报警提示单元400发出核验失败报警并提示驾驶人调整姿态重新采集生物特征，核验结果及车辆启动情况通过车载网关单元300上传至远程管理单元500。
当驾驶人身份核验单元110通过车载网关单元300间接关联车辆控制单元200时，驾驶人身份核验结果生成后车载网关单元300向车辆控制单元200发送指令，核验通过后车辆ACC开关可正常启动，否则，车辆ACC开关不能正常启动，报警提示单元400发出核验失败报警并提示驾驶人调整姿态重新采集生物特征，核验结果及车辆启动情况通过车载网关单元300上传至远程管理单元500。
当驾驶人身份核验单元110通过车载网关单元300间接关联车辆控制单元200，但生物特征数据库和比对识别组件在远程管理单元中时，驾驶人身份证件读取信息和生物特征采集信息通过车载网关单元300上传至远程管理单元500，远程管理单元500进行生物特征信息比对识别后将核验结果回传给车载网关单元300，车载网 关单元300向车辆控制单元200发送指令，核验通过后车辆ACC开关可正常启动，否则，车辆ACC开关不能正常启动，报警提示单元400发出核验失败报警并提示驾驶人调整姿态重新采集生物特征，车辆启动情况通过车载网关单元300上传至远程管理单元500。
特殊状态下，驾驶人身份核验单元110支持通过远程管理单元进行远程应急授权。
参见图5所示为本实例给出的指定驾驶人管理系统中车载网关单元300的一种构成原理及其网络通讯模块示意图。
基于图5所示，本实例给出的用于指定驾驶人管理系统的车载网关单元300中的网络通讯模块310由5G通信装置311、CAN总线通信装置312、TCP/IP通信装置313、蓝牙(Bluetooth)通信装置314、其他无线通信(WIFI、UWB、Zigbee等)装置315等组合而成。
其中，网络通讯模块310可使用5G通信装置311进行车载网关单元300与远程管理单元500之间的通信；
网络通讯模块310可使用CAN总线通信装置312实现在车载网关单元300与驾驶人身份核验单元100、车辆控制单元200及报警提示单元400之间采用CAN总线方式的有线通信。
网络通讯模块310可使用TCP/IP通信装置313实现车载网关单元300与驾驶人身份核验单元100、报警提示单元400、车辆控制单元200及远程管理单元500之间的TCP/IP方式的有线通信或无线通信。
网络通讯模块310可使用蓝牙(Bluetooth)通信装置314实现车载网关单元300与驾驶人身份核验单元100、报警提示单元400之间的基于蓝牙(Bluetooth)协议的无线通信。
网络通讯模块310可使用其他无线通信(WIFI、UWB、Zigbee等)装置314实现车载网关单元300与驾驶人身份核验单元100、报警提示单元400之间的基于WIFI、UWB、Zigbee等对应协议的无线通信。
作为优选方案，本实例中的网络通讯模块310至少具备5G通信装置311、CAN总线通信装置312和TCP/IP通信装置313等三种通信装置，其他无线通信装置的配备依据车辆安装的摄像头、传感器、证件采集装置、生物特征采集装置采用的具体通信方式确定，此处不加以限定。
基于图5所示，本实例给出的用于指定驾驶人管理系统的车载网关单元300中的数据存储模块320包括内置式数据存储装置和外置式数据存储装置。
其中，内置式数据存储装置用于存储驾驶人身份核验单元上传的身份证件读取数据、生物特征信息采集数据或授权驾驶人的身份信息数据库及生物特征信息数据库。该内置式数据存储装置具体包括但不限于内置静态随机存储器SRAM、内置动态随机存储器DRAM、内置硬盘、内置只读存储器ROM，其中，内置只读存储器ROM用于存储授权驾驶人的身份信息数据库及生物特征信息数据库。
这里的外置式数据存储装置包括但不限于外接移动硬盘、USB闪存盘、TF存储卡、SD存储卡、可擦写CD-RW、DVD-RAM光盘、不可擦写CD-ROM、DVD-ROM光盘，其中，不可擦写CD-ROM、DVD-ROM光盘用于存储授权驾驶人的身份信息数据库及生物特征信息数据库。
基于图54所示，本实例给出的用于指定驾驶人管理系统的车载网关单元300中的边缘计算模块330包括含边缘计算功能的AI智能芯片、含边缘计算的终端SDK。
这里的含边缘计算功能的电路板AI智能芯片、含边缘计算的终端SDK用于驾驶人身份核验单元上传的身份证件读取数据、生物特征信息采集数据与授权驾驶人的身份信息数据库及生物特征信息数据库中的信息进行比对核验。
据此网络通讯模块310、数据存储模块320、边缘计算模块330配合构成的车载网关单元300在进行具体部署时，可直接关联驾驶人身份核验单元100、车辆控制单元200、报警提示单元400和远程管理单元500。
当车载网关单元300收到驾驶人身份核验通过结果时，车载网关单元300向车辆控制单元200发送指令控制车辆ACC开启，并向远程管理单元500转发驾驶员身份核验结果及车辆控制单元动作信息；
当车载网关单元300收到驾驶人身份核验未通过结果时，车载网关单元300向车辆控制单元200发送指令控制车辆ACC关闭，向报警提示单元400发出指令提醒驾驶人调整姿态重新核验，并向远程管理单元500转发驾驶员身份核验结果及车辆控制单元动作信息。
进一步结合图6所示，本实例中的报警提示单元400在具体部署时，可直接关联驾驶人身份核验单元100、车载网关单元300。
当车辆本地报警提示子单元收到驾驶人身份核验单元100发出的或驾驶人身份核验单元100通过车载网关单元300发出的驾驶人身份核验未通过结果时，报警提示单元400发出声光报警并语音提示驾驶人调整姿态重 新核验；
当远程监控客户端软件报警提示子单元收到驾驶人身份核验单元100通过车载网关单元300并通过通信中心540发出的驾驶人身份核验未通过结果时，报警提示单元400发出报警提示。
进一步参见图8，其所示为本实例给出的指定驾驶人管理系统的远程管理单元的政府行业管理客户端510的一种构成原理示意图。
基于图8所示，本实例给出的用于指定驾驶人管理系统的远程管理单元500的政府行业管理客户端510依据主管行业部门的不同包括公安行业管理客户端软件511、交通行业管理客户端软件512、应急行业管理客户端软件513和其他行业管理客户端软件(如保险行业管理客户端软件)514等。
政府行业管理客户端510中的公安行业管理客户端软件511用于驾驶人身份核验管理、驾驶人身份管理。
其中，驾驶人身份核验管理能接收驾乘人员身份核验结果并进行统计、查询。驾驶人身份管理能接收驾驶人身份信息及身份核验结果，并能与公安机关机动车驾驶证档案信息进行比对分析，当出现驾驶人身份信息或准驾车型等与驾驶证档案信息不一致或驾驶人身份信息对应的个人机动车驾驶证准驾车型不包含从业资格要求的准驾车型时发出报警，报警时以文字、图像、语音、文件等方式向企业运营管理客户端及驾驶人服务客户端发出警示信息并按应急预案设定发出联动管理信息。
政府行业管理客户端510中的交通行业管理客户端软件512用于驾驶人身份核验管理、驾驶人权限监督、驾乘人员档案管理。
其中，驾驶人身份核验管理能接收驾驶人身份核验结果并进行统计、查询。驾驶人权限监督能接收并显示驾驶人身份核验报警信息，能对驾驶人驾驶车辆的权限进行监督，并能对驾驶人权限进行应急授权。驾乘人员档案管理能对驾驶人或危险化学品运输车辆押运人等驾乘人员的档案进行管理，档案管理内容包括人员姓名、性别、身份证号、公司名称、从业资格证号及资格证有效期、人员类别。
政府行业管理客户端510中的应急行业管理客户端软件513用于驾驶人身份核验管理。
其中，驾驶人身份核验管理能接收驾乘人员身份核验结果并进行统计、查询。
政府行业管理客户端510中的其他行业管理客户端软件(如保险行业管理客户端软件)514用于驾驶人身份核验管理等；通过该驾驶人身份核验管理能接收驾乘人员身份核验结果并进行统计、查询。
其中其他行业管理客户端软件还支持依据相应行业管理需求进行功能定制或在用户权限范围内自主选择开通或关闭相关监控客户端功能，此处不加以限定。
图9所示为本实例给出的指定驾驶人管理系统的远程管理单元的企业运营管理客户端520构成原理示意图。
基于图9所示，本实例给出的用于指定驾驶人管理系统的远程管理单元500的企业运营管理客户端520依据使用方的不同可包括托运单位管理客户端软件521、承运单位管理客户端软件522、收货单位管理客户端软件523。对于从事旅游的包车、三类以上班线客车等类型的营运车辆，可仅保留承运单位管理客户端软件522。
企业运营管理客户端520中的托运单位管理客户端软件621用于驾驶人身份信息查询。作为举例，对运输危险化学品、烟花爆竹、民用爆炸物品的道路专用车辆，该软件支持查询与电子运单号相对应的当次运输驾驶人员或危险货物运输车辆押运人员的身份信息、从业资格证书及当次运输身份核验结果。
企业运营管理客户端520中的承运单位管理客户端软件522用于驾驶人身份核验管理、驾驶人权限监督、驾乘人员档案管理。
作为举例，这里的驾驶人身份核验管理能接收驾驶人身份信息和身份核验结果、把接收到的驾乘人员身份信息与本单位驾乘人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息进行身份核验及比对分析，当驾驶人身份核验通过且与本单位驾乘人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息比对一致时，发出准驾指令，车辆可正常启动并行驶；驾驶人身份核验未通过或与本单位驾乘人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息比对不一致时，发出不准驾驶指令，车辆不可正常启动行驶并同时以文字、图像、语音、文件等方式向驾乘人员服务客户端发出警示信息；驾驶人员身份核验未通过或与本单位驾乘人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息比对不一致，车辆被非正常启动并行驶时，显示紧急报警提示并控制车载装置相应单元发出车内外声光报警信息。承运单位管理客户端的驾驶人身份核验管理支持远程授权驾驶人权限和远程应急启动车辆ACC开关，支持对收到的驾乘人员身份核验结果及驾乘人员身份信息及其与本单位驾乘人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息的比对分析结果进行统计、分析、查询。
驾乘人档案管理能对驾驶人或危险化学品运输车辆押运人、其他随车人员等驾乘人员的档案进行管理，档案管理内容包括人员姓名、性别、身份证号、从业资格证号及资格证有效期、人员类别、人员户籍地址、实际居住住址、家庭成员情况、主要社会关系等信息；支持对驾乘人员的档案内容进行查询、新增、删除和修改编辑，当新增、删除和编辑驾乘人员档案信息内容时发送提示信息至驾乘人员服务客户端，由相应被新增、删除 人员或档案信息内容被修改编辑人员登录进行变更确认后生效并支持驾乘人员通过驾乘人员服务客户端提交新增、删除和修改编辑申请后通过承运单位管理客户端确认存档方式新增、删除和修改编辑驾乘人员档案信息。
企业运营管理客户端520中的收货单位管理管理客户端软件523用于驾驶人身份信息查询。作为举例，对运输危险化学品、烟花爆竹、民用爆炸物品的道路专用车辆，该收货单位管理管理客户端软件523支持查询与电子运单号相对应的当次运输驾驶人员或危险货物运输车辆押运人员的身份信息、从业资格证书及当次运输身份核验结果。
图10所示为本实例给出的指定驾驶人管理系统的远程管理单元的驾乘人员服务客户端530的一种构成原理示意图。
基于图10所示，本实例给出的用于指定驾驶人管理系统的远程管理单元500的驾乘人员服务客户端530依据使用方的不同包括驾驶人服务客户端软件531、押运人员(安全员)服务客户端软件532。
驾乘人员服务客户端530中的驾驶人服务客户端软件531用于驾驶人身份核验及核验异常报警。
作为举例，这里的驾驶人身份核验能接收驾驶人员身份证件信息、生物特征信息及身份核验结果，身份核验通过且与本单位驾乘人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息比对一致时，接收并语音播报承运单位管理客户端下达的准驾指令，提示驾驶人员正常启动车辆并行驶，身份核验未通过或与本单位驾乘人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息比对不一致时，接收并语音播报承运单位管理客户端发出的不准驾驶指令，并语音提示驾驶人员调整姿态、核查证件；
驾乘人员服务客户端530中的押运人员(安全员)服务客户端软件532用于驾驶人身份核验异常报警。
作为举例，这里的驾驶人身份核验异常报警能接收并显示驾驶人员人证一致性比对结果及与指定驾驶人数据信息的比对核验结果，当驾驶人现场采集信息人证一致性核验未通过或现场采集信息与本单位授权驾驶人员档案信息、电子运单调度信息比对不一致时，接收驾驶人身份核验异常报警并提示押运人(安全员)现场确认真实状况后向所属单位发送核实息。
进一步参阅图11，其所示为本实例给出的指定驾驶人管理系统的远程管理单元中的通信中心540的一种构成示意图。
基于图11所示，本实例给出的用于指定驾驶人管理系统的远程管理单元500的通信中心540包括云平台541、本地服务器542和个人移动智能终端543。
本实例优选采用云平台组合个人移动智能终端的通信中心应用方式，具体可依据不同用户的实际通信条件确定，此处不加以限定。
本通信中心540中的云平台541用于驾驶人身份核验单元100上传数据信息的存储、授权驾驶人数据库信息的存储、驾驶人身份核验单元100上传数据信息的智能分析识别判定、政府行业管理客户端软件510/企业运营管理客户端软件520/驾乘人员服务客户端软件530的数据接收及调用的共享数据资源池、支撑政府行业管理客户端软件510/企业运营管理客户端软件520/驾乘人员服务客户端软件530应用的计算机硬件平台环境、政府行业管理客户端软件510/企业运营管理客户端软件520/驾乘人员服务客户端软件530与车载网关单元300之间的通信交互。
云平台541和车载网关单元300进行通信，接收并存储驾驶人身份核验单元100通过车载网关单元300转发的驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息采集结果或身份核验结果。当生物特征信息比对组件设置在云平台541时，通过云平台541进行生物特征信息比对，并向车载网关单元300转发政府行业管理客户端软件510、企业运营管理客户端软件520、驾乘人员服务客户端软件530的管理指令或应答指令。
本云平台541支持B/S监控客户端应用，B/S监控客户端基于中国最新版本高安全操作系统及中国高安全信创版浏览器开发。
通信中心540中的本地服务器542用于驾驶人身份核验单元100上传数据信息的分别存储、授权驾驶人数据库信息的存储、驾驶人身份核验单元100上传数据信息的智能分析识别判定、政府行业管理客户端软件510/企业运营管理客户端软件520/驾乘人员服务客户端软件530分别进行数据接收及调用的数据源、支撑政府行业管理客户端软件510/企业运营管理客户端软件520/驾乘人员服务客户端软件530应用的计算机硬件平台环境、政府行业管理客户端软件510/企业运营管理客户端软件520/驾乘人员服务客户端软件530与车载网关单元300的通信交互。
本地服务器542和车载网关单元300进行通信，接收并存储驾驶人身份核验单元100通过车载网关单元300转发的驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息采集结果或身份核验结果。
当生物特征信息比对组件设置在本地服务器542时，通过本地服务器542进行生物特征信息比对，并向车载网关单元300分别转发政府行业管理客户端软件510、企业运营管理客户端软件520、驾乘人员服务客户端软件530的管理指令或应答指令。
本地服务器542支持C/S监控客户端应用，C/S监控客户端基于Linux内核的各类最新版本高安全操作系统开发；
本通信中心540中的个人手持智能终端543用于驾驶人身份核验单元100上传数据信息的在线查询工具和临时存储空间、支撑政府行业管理移动客户端APP软件510/企业运营管理移动客户端APP软件520/驾乘人员服务移动客户端APP软件530应用的计算机硬件环境、政府行业管理移动客户端APP软件510/企业运营管理移动客户端APP软件520/驾乘人员服务移动客户端APP软件530与云平台541或本地服务器542及车载网关单元300的通信交互。
个人手持智能终端543通过云平台541或本地服务器542和车载网关单元300进行通信，接收驾驶人身份核验单元100通过车载网关单元300转发的驾驶人身份证件采集结果、驾驶人生物特征信息采集结果或身份核验结果，并向车载网关单元300转发政府行业管理移动客户端APP软件510/企业运营管理移动客户端APP软件520/驾乘人员服务移动客户端APP软件530的管理指令或应答指令。
该个人手持智能终端543支持移动监控客户端APP应用，移动监控客户端APP基于HarmonyOS微内核或安卓(Android)等基于Linux内核的操作系统开发。
据此政府行业管理客户端软件510、企业运营管理客户端软件520、驾乘人员服务客户端软件530和通信中心540构成的远程管理单元500设置在汽车运输相关政府行业主管部门的云平台和/或本地存储服务器和/或相关管理人员的个人手持智能终端、汽车所属运输企业及运输相关方的云平台和/或本地存储服务器和/或相关管理人员的个人手持智能终端、驾乘人员的个人手持智能终端，与车载网关单元300连接。
如此，本远程管理单元500接收车载网关单元300发送的驾驶人身份核验结果给出车辆管理及驾驶人管理控制指令，或接收车载网关单元300发送的驾驶人身份信息采集结果，对驾驶人的身份信息或身份信息与生物特征信息的一致性或相关身份信息、生物特征与官方档案数据库信息、所属企业档案信息进行比对识别，并根据驾驶人身份核验结果给出车辆管理及驾驶人管理控制指令，反馈给车载网关单元300，并通过车载网关单元300反馈给车辆控制单元200或报警提示单元400，发出声光报警、语音提示或控制车辆ACC开启、关闭。
由此形成的基于生物特征识别技术的指定驾驶人管理系统在运行时，其首先能够对当次汽车运输的驾驶人的真实身份进行核验，并将驾驶人的真实身份信息与指定营运车辆的驾驶权限及当次具体车辆的启动权限进行绑定，避免车辆被非指定驾驶人启动和驾驶，造成不可控的交通安全事故或安全事件，从而从驾驶源头保证汽车运输的安全性。
最后需要说明的上述本发明的方法，或特定系统单元、或其部份单元，可以透过程序代码布设于实体媒体，如硬盘、光盘片、或是任何电子装置(如智能型手机、计算机可读取的储存媒体)，当机器加载程序代码且执行(如智能型手机加载且执行)，机器成为用以实行本发明的装置。上述本发明的方法与装置亦可以程序代码型态透过一些传送媒体，如电缆、光纤、或是任何传输型态进行传送，当程序代码被机器(如智能型手机)接收、加载且执行，机器成为用以实行本发明的装置。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于生物特征识别技术的指定驾驶人管理系统，其特征在于，包括：
    驾驶人身份核验单元，所述驾驶人身份核验单元可采集当前驾驶人证件信息和生物特征信息，在将现场采集的驾驶人生物特征信息与现场读取的证件芯片或证件表面中包含的生物特征信息进行一致性比对的基础上，将通过现场人证一致性核验的当前采集驾驶人实时证件信息和生物特征信息与授权驾驶人数据库中已存储的驾驶人身份信息和生物特征信息进行二次比对验证，且根据验证结果控制车辆启动系统的工作状态；
    车辆控制单元，所述车辆控制单元联动车辆的启动系统，并与驾驶人身份核验单元、车载网关单元关联，所述车辆控制单元依据驾驶人身份核验单元发送的或车载网关单元发送的驾驶人身份验证结果控制车辆是否能够启动；
    车载网关单元，所述车载网关单元分别与驾驶人身份核验单元、车辆控制单元、报警提示单元和远程管理单元关联；所述车载网关单元还能够配合驾驶人身份核验单元完成驾驶人身份核验；
    报警提示单元，所述报警提示单元分别与驾驶人身份核验单元、车载网关单元连接配合；
    远程管理单元，所述远程管理单元通过车辆控制单元配合驾驶人身份核验单元完成驾驶人身份核验，能够给出对应的车辆管理及驾驶人管理控制指令，反馈给车载网关单元。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的指定驾驶人管理系统，其特征在于：所述驾驶人身份核验单元包括身份证件读取子单元、生物特征信息采集子单元和生物特征信息比对子单元；
    所述身份证件读取子单元包含包含且不限于二代居民身份证读取装置、IC卡从业资格证读取装置和/或机动车驾驶证读取装置和/或其它证件(如通行证等)读取装置，用于获取当前驾驶人所持证件的身份信息，并将获取到的所持证件的身份信息传至自身生物特征信息比对子单元或车载网关单元生物特征信息比对子单元或通过车载网关单元传至远程管理单元生物特征信息比对子单元；
    所述生物特征信息采集子单元人脸信息采集装置和/或指纹信息采集装置和/或虹膜信息采集装置和/或指静脉信息采集装置和/或掌静脉信息采集装置和/或掌纹信息采集装置和/或视网膜信息采集装置和/或声音信息采集装置或其他生物特征信息采集装置，
    用于获取当前驾驶人的生物特征信息，并将获取到的信息传至自身生物特征信息比对子单元或车载网关单元生物特征信息比对子单元或通过车载网关单元传至远程管理单元生物特征信息比对子单元；
    所述生物特征信息比对子单元包含人脸信息比对装置和/或指纹信息比对装置和/或虹膜信息比对装置和/或指静脉信息比对装置和/或掌静脉信息比对装置、掌纹信息比对装置和/或视网膜信息比对装置和/或声音信息比对装置或其他生物特征信息比对装置，用于将获取到的驾驶人所持证件芯片或证件表面中的生物特征信息与当前驾驶人的生物特征信息进行现场人证一致性比对核验，确认信息是否属于同一人员，并将通过现场人证一致性核验的当前采集驾驶人所持证件的身份信息及生物特征信息与自身或车载网关单元中或远程管理单元中授权驾驶人数据库已存储的驾驶人身份信息和生物特征信息进行二次指定驾驶人比对验证。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的指定驾驶人管理系统，其特征在于：所述车辆控制单元包括ACC车辆启动控制模块；所述ACC车辆启动控制模块用于根据收到的驾驶人身份核验结果后确定是否允许启动车辆开关，指定驾驶人身份核验结果通过时允许车辆启动，指定驾驶人身份核验结果未通过时不允许车辆启动；所述ACC车辆启动控制模块支持通过远程管理单元应急启动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的指定驾驶人管理系统，其特征在于：所述车载网关单元包括网络通讯模块和/或数据存储模块和/或边缘计算模块；
    所述网络通讯模块包括5G通信装置、CAN总线通信装置、TCP/IP通信装置、蓝牙通信装置、其他无线通信装置中的一种或多种，用于驾驶人身份核验单元与报警提示单元、车辆控制单元及远程管理单元之间的数据交互；
    所述数据存储模块包括内置式数据存储装置和外置式数据存储装置，用于存储驾驶人身份核验单元与报警提示单元、车辆控制单元及远程管理单元之间交互的数据和/或授权驾驶人数据库信息；
    所述边缘计算模块包括含边缘计算功能的AI智能芯片、含边缘计算的终端SDK，用于驾驶人身份核验单元采集的证件信息、生物特征信息的现场人证一致性核验及其与车载网关授权驾驶人数据库中存 储的相关身份信息、生物特征识别信息的比对核验。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的指定驾驶人管理系统，其特征在于：所述报警提示单元包括车辆本地报警提示子单元及远程监控客户端软件报警提示子单元。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的指定驾驶人管理系统，其特征在于：所述远程管理单元包括政府行业管理客户端、企业运营管理客户端、驾乘人员服务客户端和通信中心。
    所述远程管理单元接收车载网关单元发送的驾驶人现场人证一致性核验结果、指定驾驶人身份核验结果给出车辆管理及驾驶人管理控制指令，或接收车载网关单元发送的驾驶人身份信息采集结果，对现场驾驶人的身份信息与生物特征信息的一致性及其与授权驾驶人数据库中存储的指定驾驶人身份信息、生物特征信息进行比对识别，并给出车辆管理及驾驶人管理控制指令，反馈给车载网关单元，并通过车载网关反馈给报警提示单元或车辆控制单元，发出声光报警、语音提示或控制车辆。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的指定驾驶人管理系统，其特征在于：所述远程管理单元的政府行业管理客户端依据主管行业部门的不同包括公安行业管理客户端软件、交通行业管理客户端软件、应急行业管理客户端软件、其他行业管理客户端软件；
    所述公安行业管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验管理、驾驶人身份管理；
    所述交通行业管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验管理、驾驶人权限监督、驾乘人员档案管理；
    所述应急行业管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验管理；
    所述其他行业管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验管理等。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的指定驾驶人管理系统，其特征在于：所述远程管理单元的企业运营管理客户端依据使用方的不同包括托运单位管理客户端软件、承运单位管理客户端软件、收货单位管理客户端软件；
    所述托运单位管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份信息查询；
    所述承运单位管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验管理、驾驶人权限监督、驾乘人员档案管理；
    所述收货单位管理管理客户端软件用于驾驶人身份信息查询。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的指定驾驶人管理系统，其特征在于：所述远程管理单元的驾乘人员服务管理客户端依据使用方的不同包括驾驶人服务客户端软件、押运人服务客户端软件；
    所述驾驶人服务客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验及核验异常提示；
    所述押运人服务客户端软件用于驾驶人身份核验异常报警。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的指定驾驶人管理系统，其特征在于：所述远程管理单元的通信中心包括云平台、本地服务器和个人移动智能终端；
    所述云平台用于驾驶人身份核验单元上传数据信息的存储、授权驾驶人数据库信息的存储、驾驶人身份核验单元上传数据信息的智能分析识别判定、政府行业管理客户端软件/企业运营管理客户端软件/驾乘人员服务客户端软件的数据接收及调用的共享数据资源池、支撑政府行业管理客户端软件/企业运营管理客户端软件/驾乘人员服务客户端软件应用的计算机硬件平台环境、政府行业管理客户端软件/企业运营管理客户端软件/驾乘人员服务客户端软件与车载网关单元的通信交互；
    所述本地服务器用于驾驶人身份核验单元上传数据信息的分别存储、授权驾驶人数据库信息的存储、驾驶人身份核验单元上传数据信息的智能分析识别判定、政府行业管理客户端软件/企业运营管理客户端软件/驾乘人员服务客户端软件分别进行数据接收及调用的数据源、支撑政府行业管理客户端软件/企业运营管理客户端软件/驾乘人员服务客户端软件应用的计算机硬件平台环境、政府行业管理客户端软件/企业运营管理客户端软件/驾乘人员服务客户端软件与车载网关单元的通信交互；
    所述个人手持智能终端通过云平台或本地服务器和车载网关单元进行通信，接收驾驶人身份核验单元通过车载网关单元转发的驾驶人身份证件采集结果，并向车载网关单元转发政府行业管理移动客户端软件/企业运营管理移动客户端软件/驾乘人员服务移动客户端软件的管理指令或应答指令。
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