WO2023233387A1 - Process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023233387A1 WO2023233387A1 PCT/IB2023/056113 IB2023056113W WO2023233387A1 WO 2023233387 A1 WO2023233387 A1 WO 2023233387A1 IB 2023056113 W IB2023056113 W IB 2023056113W WO 2023233387 A1 WO2023233387 A1 WO 2023233387A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- spent wash
- biomethanated
- bio
- plants
- preparation
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 71
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000208327 Apocynaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000499316 Asphodelaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000220485 Fabaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000234280 Liliaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000219071 Malvaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000158728 Meliaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000218231 Moraceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000234615 Musaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000208165 Oxalidaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000757039 Pontederiaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000234299 Zingiberaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021374 legumes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009297 electrocoagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006385 ozonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009287 sand filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004148 unit process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/006—Waste from chemical processing of material, e.g. diestillation, roasting, cooking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of bio-organic fertilizers and describes a method for the preparation of bio -organic liquid fertilizer which is made from biomethanated liquid spent wash, biomethanated evaporated spent wash and biomethanated powder spent wash, all of which are by-products obtained during ethanol distillation along with an organic fertilizer which acts as an activator.
- Ethanol is generally produced from feedstocks containing an appreciable amount of sugar like sugary, starchy and cellulosic material.
- Molasses, algae and various renewable sources are used as feedstocks for the production of ethanol.
- a large number of sugar industries use molasses for the production of ethanol.
- molasses is converted to ethanol and CO2 with the help of yeast like Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- yeasts use sugar from molasses as the substrate and produces ethanol.
- the produced ethanol is separated from CO2 using distillation.
- distillery spent wash a dark coloured waste having high BOD and COD values and a very good concentration of inorganic minerals and thus is heavily bio-burdened and toxic (as it contains heavy metals), which need to be treated before disposal.
- a number of attempts have been made in the prior art to make the distillery spent wash usable.
- US 2013341267 describes a process and apparatus that uses multiple stages or unit processes to treat wastewater, such as distillery spent wash which may be molasses spent wash (MSW).
- the stages include one or more of anaerobic digestion, chemical treatment, electrocoagulation, aerobic treatment, physical separation, and RO or adsorbent based treatment.
- a chemical treatment for the effluent from an anaerobic digester treating MSW is also described.
- a stable cathode is used to also provide electroflotation and hardness precipitation. Aerobic biological treatment and physical separation may be provided by a membrane bioreactor.
- WO 2015166513 discloses a method for effective management of Sugar and Distillery industrial waste viz press mud and spent wash, wherein said method comprises of processing a press mud medium by reducing its moisture content, introducing spent wash on to the processed medium to attain saturation on a daily basis for a fixed period, inoculating the medium with a Accelerated Rapid Biological Intervention Technology (ARBIT) microbial composition and continuing management till the ratio of Press mud to Spent wash at disposal of at least 1:4 and above over a period of 40 days and/or 1 :6 over a period of 60 days whichever is reached earlier.
- ARBIT Accelerated Rapid Biological Intervention Technology
- WO 2020100161 discusses a process for recovery of de-salted organics from spent wash suitable for utilization in cattle feed formulation which quotes that due to its high potassium content; ca. 10% on dry matter basis, spent wash is not preferred for use in cattle feed formulation.
- the present invention discloses a process for the recovery of low potassium containing organics (K+ ⁇ 3% on dry matter basis) from spent wash and methods for its utilisation, as binder in cattle feed formulation, in place of sugarcane molasses. Then instant invention would enable value addition and utilisation of sugarcane molasses based distillery effluent and in effect would make additional quantity of sugarcane molasses, enjoyingwhile consumed in preparation of cattle feed, available for alcohol production.
- WO 2020208648 provides a method for generation of energy from distillery effluent streams in which steam and electricity are generated using effluent streams, like raw spent wash stream, produced in alcohol distilleries. More particularly it relates to the use of high-brix evaporation concentration system (HBCS) to produce a concentrated semi-solid stream having more calorific value, which is self-combustible and useful to produce steam and electricity to be used in distillery.
- HBCS high-brix evaporation concentration system
- WO 2021048608 gives a process (100) for recovering potassium sulphate and other value added product from distillery spent wash, said process comprising: removing (102) high molecular weight organic compounds from the spent wash to obtain a first liquid fraction; concentrating (104) the first liquid fraction to obtain a first solid fraction; subjecting the first solid fraction to thermal decomposition (106) to obtain a second solid fraction; dissolving (108) the second solid fraction in a solvent to obtain a second liquid fraction; and recovering (110) potassium sulphate from the second liquid fraction.
- the value added products include magnesium sulphate, activated carbon, and high molecular weight organic compounds. Additionally, water as contained in the spent wash can be recovered for re-use.
- AU 2021104114 relates to a method and system to curtail the parameters of distillery spent wash.
- the system comprises a distillery spent wash collection pit for collecting distillery spent wash (DSW); a plurality of pairs of electrodes engaged in two continuous tanks for curtailing parameters of COD and color upon passing the distillery spent wash through the tanks using electrochemical process; an ozone generator configured with one of the tanks for removing bacteria and viruses and reducing concentration of iron, manganese, sulfur and eliminating taste and odor through ozonation process; and at least two sand filtration units for removal of suspended matter, as well as floating and sinkable particles.
- DSW distillery spent wash
- a plurality of pairs of electrodes engaged in two continuous tanks for curtailing parameters of COD and color upon passing the distillery spent wash through the tanks using electrochemical process
- an ozone generator configured with one of the tanks for removing bacteria and viruses and reducing concentration of iron, manganese, sulfur and eliminating taste and odor through ozonation process
- IN 2520/MUM/2013 provides a method for pulverisation of solids present in biomethanated spent wash produced in an alcohol distillery, more particularly to the drying of said solids from BSW using a drum type dryer to form a powdery mass useful as a fertilizer component.
- the main object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a bio- organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation which converts hazardous effluents into eco-friendly organic fertilizer.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a bio- organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation which is required in very small quantities i.e. only 1 litre of bio-organic liquid fertilizer is required per acre of crop land for short crops growing for 3 months.
- a still further object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation which is a replacement for di-ammonium phosphate and urea, both of which are commonly used chemical fertilizers, which harm the crops and soil as well as have to be imported from other countries, which proves to be costlier.
- a yet further object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation which is safe, farmer friendly, non-hazardous, non-polluting, eco-friendly and economical.
- the present invention is related to a process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation which mainly involves the use of spent wash from distilleries including biomethanated liquid spent wash, biomethanated powder spent wash and evaporated biomethanated spent wash.
- an organic fertilizer prepared from wild trees, grass, raw vegetables and fruit wastes and cow/bullock urine, is added as an activator, which removes the toxicity of the spent wash and converts it into a very useful bio-organic liquid fertilizer. All the ingredients are mixed well in a vessel and kept for setting and activation.
- This bio-organic fertilizer when mixed with water and sprayed or applied in the fields, eliminates the harmful effects of pesticides, chemical fertilizers and heavy metals in the crops.
- Fig. 1 gives the flow chart for the preparation of the bio-organic liquid fertilizer.
- Fig. 3 gives the test report of the biomethanated powder spent wash.
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation in which the spent wash obtained from ethanol distilleries is used in the form of biomethanated liquid spent wash, biomethanated evaporated spent wash and biomethanated powder spent wash and is supplemented with an organic fertilizer made from wild trees, grass, raw vegetables and fruit wastes and cow/bullock urine, which is then mixed and kept for activation to make the bio -organic liquid fertilizer.
- This liquid fertilizer can be diluted and sprayed on crops for better growth as well as applied to crops to eliminate the harmful effect of pesticides, chemical fertilizers and heavy metals on crops.
- the process for the preparation of the bio-organic liquid fertilizer is a three staged process, which are as follows:
- Stage 1 Preparation of spent wash obtained from ethanol distilleries:
- the spent wash is initially anaerobically treated along with degassing, to produce the biomethanated liquid spent wash (the test report of which are displayed in fig. 2), which is in liquid form.
- This liquid biomethanated spent wash is concentrated by evaporation and is called biomethanated evaporated spent wash (the test report of which have been displayed in fig. 4).
- the biomethanated evaporated spent wash is dried by means of spray drying or other means of mechanical drying process. This dried powder is called biomethanated powder spent wash (the test report of which have been displayed in fig. 3).
- a liquid organic fertilizer is added as an activator.
- the various components used for making the liquid organic fertilizer are as follows:
- the method for the preparation of the liquid organic fertilizer, to be used as an activator involves the following steps:
- the process for the preparation of the bio-organic liquid fertilizer has been displayed in Fig. 1 .
- the biomethanated liquid spent wash is mixed with biomethanated powder spent wash or evaporated biomethanated spent wash and liquid organic fertilizer is added to it to prepare the bio-organic liquid fertilizer.
- liquid organic fertilizer is added to the evaporated biomethanated spent wash to prepare the bio -organic liquid fertilizer.
- the process for the preparation of the bio-organic liquid fertilizer involves the following steps:
- step (iii) Add 1% to 80% of the prepared organic fertilizer slowly to the mixture prepared in step (ii), along with constant stirring. Stir well for 30 minutes or till it gets mixed completely. After stirring, close the vessel with suitable closure with proper ventilated pressure valve for the resultant gas to escape.
- the bio-organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention is to be used according to the following dosage:
- liquid as an organic fertilizer for plants/crops, add 25 to 50 ml bio-organic liquid fertilizer to 15 litres of water in a spray pump, mix well and spray once in 7 to 15 days.
- This fertilizer can also be used to reduce the heavy metal content and pesticide residue in the crop yield by applying the fertilizer as directed. Laboratory tests of crop yield confirmed drastic reduction of 127 pesticide residue levels. As it is to be diluted before use, only one litre of the bio-organic liquid fertilizer is sufficient to grow short crops in one acre of field uptill the harvest of the crops. Moreover the bio-organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention is non-hazardous, non-polluting, eco-friendly, safe, economical and enhances the nutrients of the crops along with their yield. Thus the bio-organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention is highly advantageous.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention describes a process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer which is made from biomethanated liquid spent wash, biomethanated evaporated spent wash and biomethanated powder spent wash along with an organic fertilizer prepared from wild leaves, grass, raw vegetables and fruits wastes, cow/bullock urine and natural salts which acts as an activator for preparing the bio-organic liquid fertilizer. The bio-organic liquid fertilizer improves the growth rate of crops and is also used to eliminate the harmful effects of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and heavy metals from the crops/plants. This bio-organic liquid fertilizer is non-hazardous, non-polluting, eco-friendly, safe and economical.
Description
TITLE OF THE INVENTION:
Process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation
FIELD OF THE INVENTION:
The present invention relates to the field of bio-organic fertilizers and describes a method for the preparation of bio -organic liquid fertilizer which is made from biomethanated liquid spent wash, biomethanated evaporated spent wash and biomethanated powder spent wash, all of which are by-products obtained during ethanol distillation along with an organic fertilizer which acts as an activator.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
Ethanol is generally produced from feedstocks containing an appreciable amount of sugar like sugary, starchy and cellulosic material. Molasses, algae and various renewable sources are used as feedstocks for the production of ethanol. A large number of sugar industries use molasses for the production of ethanol. In these industries, molasses is converted to ethanol and CO2 with the help of yeast like Saccharomyces cerevisiae. For ethanol production, molasses is diluted and sent for fermentation wherein yeasts use sugar from molasses as the substrate and produces ethanol. The produced ethanol is separated from CO2 using distillation.
During ethanol production, a huge quantity of effluents are generated which are called distillery spent wash. This spent wash is a dark coloured waste having high BOD and COD values and a very good concentration of inorganic minerals and thus is heavily bio-burdened and toxic (as it contains heavy metals), which need to be treated before disposal. A number of attempts have been made in the prior art to make the distillery spent wash usable.
US 2013341267 describes a process and apparatus that uses multiple stages or unit processes to treat wastewater, such as distillery spent wash which may be molasses spent wash (MSW). The stages include one or more of anaerobic digestion, chemical treatment, electrocoagulation, aerobic treatment, physical separation, and RO or adsorbent based treatment. A chemical treatment for the effluent from an anaerobic digester treating MSW is also described. In an electrocoagulation step, a stable cathode is used to also provide electroflotation and hardness precipitation. Aerobic biological treatment and physical separation may be provided by a membrane bioreactor.
WO 2015166513 discloses a method for effective management of Sugar and Distillery industrial waste viz press mud and spent wash, wherein said method comprises of processing a press mud medium by reducing its moisture content, introducing spent wash on to the processed medium to attain saturation on a daily basis for a fixed period, inoculating the medium with a Accelerated Rapid Biological Intervention Technology (ARBIT) microbial composition and continuing management till the ratio of Press mud to Spent wash at disposal of at least 1:4 and above over a period of 40 days and/or 1 :6 over a period of 60 days whichever is reached earlier.
WO 2020100161 discusses a process for recovery of de-salted organics from spent wash suitable for utilization in cattle feed formulation which quotes that due to its high potassium content; ca. 10% on dry matter basis, spent wash is not preferred for use in cattle feed formulation. The present invention discloses a process for the recovery of low potassium containing organics (K+ <3% on dry matter basis) from spent wash and methods for its utilisation, as binder in cattle feed formulation, in place of sugarcane molasses. Then instant invention would enable value addition and utilisation of sugarcane molasses based distillery
effluent and in effect would make additional quantity of sugarcane molasses, erstwhile consumed in preparation of cattle feed, available for alcohol production.
WO 2020208648 provides a method for generation of energy from distillery effluent streams in which steam and electricity are generated using effluent streams, like raw spent wash stream, produced in alcohol distilleries. More particularly it relates to the use of high-brix evaporation concentration system (HBCS) to produce a concentrated semi-solid stream having more calorific value, which is self-combustible and useful to produce steam and electricity to be used in distillery.
WO 2021048608 gives a process (100) for recovering potassium sulphate and other value added product from distillery spent wash, said process comprising: removing (102) high molecular weight organic compounds from the spent wash to obtain a first liquid fraction; concentrating (104) the first liquid fraction to obtain a first solid fraction; subjecting the first solid fraction to thermal decomposition (106) to obtain a second solid fraction; dissolving (108) the second solid fraction in a solvent to obtain a second liquid fraction; and recovering (110) potassium sulphate from the second liquid fraction. The value added products include magnesium sulphate, activated carbon, and high molecular weight organic compounds. Additionally, water as contained in the spent wash can be recovered for re-use.
AU 2021104114 relates to a method and system to curtail the parameters of distillery spent wash. The system comprises a distillery spent wash collection pit for collecting distillery spent wash (DSW); a plurality of pairs of electrodes engaged in two continuous tanks for curtailing parameters of COD and color upon passing the distillery spent wash through the tanks using electrochemical process; an ozone generator configured with one of the tanks for removing bacteria and viruses and reducing concentration of iron, manganese, sulfur and eliminating taste and odor through ozonation process; and at least two sand filtration units for removal of suspended matter, as well as floating and sinkable particles.
IN 2520/MUM/2013 provides a method for pulverisation of solids present in biomethanated spent wash produced in an alcohol distillery, more particularly to the drying of said solids from BSW using a drum type dryer to form a powdery mass useful as a fertilizer component.
Although a number of methods are available in the prior art to remove the toxicity of the distillery spent wash and make it useful for humans or animals, very few methods have been developed to utilize the complete organic load of the spent wash. This can be achieved by using the spent wash for making an organic fertilizer. Hence a process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer, using by-products from ethanol distillery spent wash along with an organic fertilizer as an activator, which uses the organic load of the distillery spent wash to increase the growth rate of crops and reduce the pesticide residues in the crops thereby preventing additional cost incurred for the treatment of hazardous spent wash along with extra time, space and man power required, is the need of the day.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION:
The main object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a bio- organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation which converts hazardous effluents into eco-friendly organic fertilizer.
Another object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a bio- organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation which enables zero liquid discharge in ethanol distillery.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation which reduces heavy metal content and pesticide residues in the crop yield.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a bio- organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation which improves the growth rate of crops.
A further object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a bio- organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation which is required in very small quantities i.e. only 1 litre of bio-organic liquid fertilizer is required per acre of crop land for short crops growing for 3 months.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation which is a replacement for di-ammonium phosphate and urea, both of which are commonly used chemical fertilizers, which harm the crops and soil as well as have to be imported from other countries, which proves to be costlier.
A yet further object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation which is safe, farmer friendly, non-hazardous, non-polluting, eco-friendly and economical.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
The present invention is related to a process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation which mainly involves the use of spent wash from distilleries including biomethanated liquid spent wash, biomethanated powder spent wash and evaporated biomethanated spent wash. Along with these ingredients, an organic fertilizer prepared from wild trees, grass, raw vegetables and fruit wastes and cow/bullock urine, is added as an activator, which removes the toxicity of the spent wash and converts it into a very useful bio-organic liquid fertilizer. All the ingredients are mixed well in a vessel and kept for setting and activation. This bio-organic fertilizer
when mixed with water and sprayed or applied in the fields, eliminates the harmful effects of pesticides, chemical fertilizers and heavy metals in the crops.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:
Fig. 1 gives the flow chart for the preparation of the bio-organic liquid fertilizer.
Fig. 2 gives the test report of the biomethanated liquid spent wash.
Fig. 3 gives the test report of the biomethanated powder spent wash.
Fig. 4 gives the test report of the evaporated distillery spent wash.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION:
The nature of the invention and the manner in which it is performed is clearly described in the specification. The invention has various components and they are clearly described in the following pages of the complete specification.
Organic fertilizers are fertilizers containing plant or animal based materials which are either a by-product or end product of naturally occurring processes. They comprise of a variety of plant-derived materials that range from fresh or dried plant material to animal manures and litters to agricultural by-products. The nutrient content of organic fertilizers varies greatly and readily biodegradable materials make better nutrient sources. Distillery spent wash being rich in organic matter, proves to be an ideal raw material for making an organic fertilizer.
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation in which the spent wash obtained from ethanol distilleries is used in the form of biomethanated liquid spent wash, biomethanated evaporated spent wash and biomethanated powder spent wash and is supplemented with an organic fertilizer made from wild trees, grass, raw vegetables and fruit wastes and
cow/bullock urine, which is then mixed and kept for activation to make the bio -organic liquid fertilizer. This liquid fertilizer can be diluted and sprayed on crops for better growth as well as applied to crops to eliminate the harmful effect of pesticides, chemical fertilizers and heavy metals on crops.
The process for the preparation of the bio-organic liquid fertilizer is a three staged process, which are as follows:
Stage 1: Preparation of spent wash obtained from ethanol distilleries:
For the preparation of the spent wash obtained from ethanol distilleries, the spent wash is initially anaerobically treated along with degassing, to produce the biomethanated liquid spent wash (the test report of which are displayed in fig. 2), which is in liquid form. This liquid biomethanated spent wash is concentrated by evaporation and is called biomethanated evaporated spent wash (the test report of which have been displayed in fig. 4). The biomethanated evaporated spent wash is dried by means of spray drying or other means of mechanical drying process. This dried powder is called biomethanated powder spent wash (the test report of which have been displayed in fig. 3). These three forms of spent washes are used in the preparation of the bio-organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention.
Stage 2: Preparation of liquid organic fertilizer (activator):
To prepare the bio-organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention, a liquid organic fertilizer is added as an activator. The various components used for making the liquid organic fertilizer are as follows:
1.0 - 60 % roots, leaves, bark and fruits from the Moraceae family of plants;
1.0 - 40 % fresh leaves from Asphodelaceae/Liliaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 30% fresh leaves from Meliaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 25% fresh leaves and latex from Apocynaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 25% roots, leaves and bark from Fabaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 40% stem and fresh leaves from Musaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 20% stem and leaves from Pontederiaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 20% leftovers of fruits and raw vegetable wastes;
1.0 - 10% bulbs and leaves from Amarylidaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 10 % grass from Poaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 5 .0 % stem and leaves from Zingiberaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 5 .0 % fresh leaves from Malvaceae family of plants; and
1.0 - 5 .0 % fresh leaves from Oxalidaceae family of plants
Along with the different parts of plants, 1.0 - 10 % natural salt is added. This natural salt is any naturally occurring salt like rock salt, sea salt etc. The composition also contains 1.0 - 20 % water and cow and bullock urine, which initially is added in 1.0 - 20 % quantity and then the final volume of the organic fertilizer composition is also made with cow and bullock urine. Urine from Gir cows and bullocks is specially used for this composition.
The method for the preparation of the liquid organic fertilizer, to be used as an activator, involves the following steps:
• Collect leaves from various plants mentioned in the composition in the required quantities;
• Shred the leaves to make them into small pieces with the help of a cutting machine;
• Add the shredded leaves fragments’ in the manufacturing tank;
• Add sufficient quantity of urine of Gir cow/bullock to the tank to soak the leaves fragments’ present in the tank;
• Add 1.0 - 20% water and 1 .0 - 10 % natural salts to the tank;
• Close the tank tightly with the lid and keep it well closed;
• Collect roots, stem and bark from various plants mentioned in the composition in the mentioned quantities and cut them into small pieces with a shredder/cutting machine;
• Add the shredded root, stem and bark pieces into the tank and close its lid tightly;
• Add required quantity of fruits and bulbs from various plants mentioned in the composition in the mentioned quantities, into the tank and close its lid tightly;
• Add required quantity of leftovers of fruits and raw vegetables wastes and close its lid tightly;
• Add the remaining materials like latex and water to the tank. Make the batch volume by adding sufficient quantity of cow/bullock urine;
• Mix well for almost 30 minutes such that all the ingredients get mixed properly;
• Close the tank and keep it closed tightly for 90 days with the help of valve closures for activation and maturation;
• After maturation for 90 days, open the tank, check its appearance and consistency for extractions, solubility of salts and leaves etc. and mix well for 30 minutes;
• Allow the mixture to settle down and separate the liquids and solids by decantation process;
• During the decantation process the liquid portion will separate from the sediments/solids or residues;
• The resultant liquid portion is then used as liquid organic fertilizer which is the activator to prepare the bio-organic liquid fertilizer.
Stage 3: Preparation of the bio-organic liquid fertilizer:
The process for the preparation of the bio-organic liquid fertilizer has been displayed in Fig. 1 . The biomethanated liquid spent wash is mixed with biomethanated powder spent wash or evaporated biomethanated spent wash and liquid organic fertilizer is added to it to
prepare the bio-organic liquid fertilizer. Optionally liquid organic fertilizer is added to the evaporated biomethanated spent wash to prepare the bio -organic liquid fertilizer.
The process for the preparation of the bio-organic liquid fertilizer involves the following steps:
(i) Initially collect clean and freshly prepared 1% to 50% biomethanated liquid spent wash in a suitable vessel with stirring mechanism.
(ii) Add 1% to 50% biomethanated powder spent wash or 1% to 50% evaporated biomethanated spent wash in the above vessel. Stir well to disperse uniformly. Check the mixture for any lumps and make the mixture lump free.
(iii) Add 1% to 80% of the prepared organic fertilizer slowly to the mixture prepared in step (ii), along with constant stirring. Stir well for 30 minutes or till it gets mixed completely. After stirring, close the vessel with suitable closure with proper ventilated pressure valve for the resultant gas to escape.
(iv) Keep the vessel of step no. (iii) closed for 72 hours for setting and activation.
(v) Open the vessel after 72 hours and check for consistency. Stir for 5 minutes, filter the liquid and send the liquid bio-organic fertilizer for packing/filling.
The bio-organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention is to be used according to the following dosage:
1. To use the liquid as an organic fertilizer for plants/crops, add 25 to 50 ml bio-organic liquid fertilizer to 15 litres of water in a spray pump, mix well and spray once in 7 to 15 days.
2. To use the present invention to eliminate the harmful effects of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, add 25 ml bio-organic liquid fertilizer to 15 litres of water and spray after 48 hours of application of pesticide or chemical fertilizer.
3. To eliminate the effects of arsenic or heavy metals from the crops/plants using the present invention, dip/soak the roots of the sapling in a solution of 50 ml bio-organic liquid fertilizer in 3 litres of water. Seeds need to be soaked for 8 to 10 hours while sapling roots need to be soaked for 2 to 3 hours to eliminate the effects of arsenic or heavy metals.
The bio-organic liquid fertilizer prepared by the process of the present invention is highly advantageous as it provides a environment friendly method to convert hazardous wastes emitted from ethanol distilleries, into eco-friendly organic fertilizer. Due to this zero liquid (effluent) discharge can be attained in ethanol distilleries. The bio-organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention is a replacement for di-ammonium phosphate and urea, both of which are commonly used chemical fertilizers, which harm the crops and soil as well as have to be imported from other countries, which proves to be costlier. The bio-organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention, when used as a fertilizer, increases the growth rate of the crops. This fertilizer can also be used to reduce the heavy metal content and pesticide residue in the crop yield by applying the fertilizer as directed. Laboratory tests of crop yield confirmed drastic reduction of 127 pesticide residue levels. As it is to be diluted before use, only one litre of the bio-organic liquid fertilizer is sufficient to grow short crops in one acre of field uptill the harvest of the crops. Moreover the bio-organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention is non-hazardous, non-polluting, eco-friendly, safe, economical and enhances the nutrients of the crops along with their yield. Thus the bio-organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention is highly advantageous.
Although the preferred embodiment as well as the construction and use have been specifically described, it should be understood that variations in the preferred embodiment could be achieved by a person skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the
invention. The invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments which are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims
1. Process for the preparation of a bio -organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation which is used to increase the growth rate of the crops and reduce the harmful effects of pesticides and heavy metals on the crop yields wherein the process for the preparation of the bio-organic liquid fertilizer is a three staged process: Stage 1: Preparation of biomethanated liquid spent wash, biomethanated powder spent wash and evaporated biomethanated spent wash from the spent wash obtained from ethanol distilleries;
Stage 2: Preparation of liquid organic fertilizer (activator) using
1 .0 - 60 % roots, leaves, bark and fruits from the Moraceae family of plants;
1 .0 - 40 % fresh leaves from Asphodelaceae/Liliaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 30% fresh leaves from Meliaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 25% fresh leaves and latex from Apocynaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 25% roots, leaves and bark from Fabaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 40% stem and fresh leaves from Musaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 20% stem and leaves from Pontederiaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 10% bulbs and leaves from Amarylidaceae family of plants;
1 .0 - 10 % grass from Poaceae family of plants;
1 .0 - 5 .0 % stem and leaves from Zingiberaceae family of plants;
1 .0 - 5 .0 % fresh leaves from Malvaceae family of plants;
1 .0 - 5 .0 % fresh leaves from Oxalidaceae family of plants;
1.0 - 20% leftovers of fruits and raw vegetables wastes;
1.0 - 10 % natural salt;
1 .0 - 20 % water; and cow or bullock urine q.s. (quantity sufficient); and
Stage 3 : Preparation of bio-organic liquid fertilizer by mixing 1% to 50% biomethanated liquid spent wash with 1% to 50% biomethanated powder spent wash or 1% to 50% evaporated biomethanated spent wash and 1% to 80% liquid organic fertilizer.
2. The process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation as claimed in claim 1 wherein the preparation of spent wash obtained from ethanol distillation involves the following steps:
(i) taking the anaerobically treated spent wash from ethanol distilleries which is the biomethanated liquid spent wash;
(ii) concentrating the liquid biomethanated spent wash by evaporation to prepare the evaporated biomethanated spent wash; and
(iii) drying the evaporated biomethanated spent wash by spray drying or other mechanical drying process to produce the biomethanated powder spent wash.
3. The process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation as claimed in claim 1 wherein the method for the preparation of the liquid organic fertilizer, to be used as an activator, involves the following steps:
(i) collecting leaves from various plants mentioned in the composition in the required quantities;
(ii) shredding the leaves to make them into small pieces with the help of a shredder/cutting machine;
(iii)adding the shredded leaves fragments’ in the manufacturing tank;
(iv)adding urine of Gir cow or bullock to the tank to soak the leaves fragments’;
(v) adding water and natural salts to the tank;
(vi) closing the lid of the tank tightly;
(vii) collecting roots, stem and bark from various plants mentioned in the composition in the mentioned quantities and cutting them into small pieces with the help of shredder/cutting machine;
(viii) adding the shredded roots, stem and bark pieces into the tank and closing the lid tightly;
(ix)adding fruits and bulbs from various plants mentioned in the composition in the mentioned quantities into the tank and closing the lid tightly;
(x) adding leftovers of fruits and raw vegetables wastes mentioned in the composition in the mentioned quantities into the tank and closing the lid tightly;
(xi) adding the remaining materials like latex and water to the tank and making the batch volume by adding sufficient quantity of cow or bullock urine;
(xii) mixing well all the components in the tank for 30 minutes so that all the ingredients get mixed properly;
(xiii) closing the tank and keeping it closed tightly for 90 days with the help of valve closures for activation and maturation;
(xiv) opening the tank after 90 days and checking its appearance and consistency;
(xv) mixing well for 30 minutes;
(xvi) allowing the mixture to settle down and separating the liquids and solids by the process of decantation; and
(xvii) filtering, packing and using the separated liquid as the liquid organic fertilizer. The process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation as claimed in claim 1 wherein the process for the preparation of the bio-organic liquid fertilizer from the prepared ingredients involves the following steps:
(i) collecting clean and freshly prepared 1% to 50% biomethanated liquid spent wash in a vessel with stirring mechanism;
(ii) adding 1% to 50% one among biomethanated powder spent wash or evaporated biomethanated spent wash in the vessel;
(iii) stirring well to disperse uniformly and making the mixture lump free by checking;
(iv) adding 1% to 80% of the prepared organic fertilizer, as an activator, slowly to the mixture in the vessel, along with constant stirring;
(v) stirring well for 30 minutes such that it gets mixed completely;
(vi) closing the vessel with suitable closure with proper ventilated pressure valve for the resultant gas to escape;
(vii) keeping the vessel closed for 72 hours for setting and activation;
(viii) opening the vessel after 72 hours, checking for consistency and stirring for 5 minutes; and (ix) filtering the liquid and packing/filling it as required.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| IN202221031047 | 2022-05-31 | ||
| IN202221031047A IN202221031047A (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 |
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| WO2023233387A1 true WO2023233387A1 (en) | 2023-12-07 |
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| PCT/IB2023/056113 WO2023233387A1 (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2023-06-14 | Process for the preparation of a bio-organic liquid fertilizer using by-products from ethanol distillation |
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| WO2024042532A1 (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-02-29 | Rahul Shah | Composition and method for the preparation of a solid organic fertilizer |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106518469A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-03-22 | 河池市技术开发中心 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer |
| CN107337550A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-10 | 广西金国正火龙果产业有限公司 | A kind of expelling parasite type dragon fruit biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110171988A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-27 | 广州耕读文化传播有限公司 | A kind of natural concentrated type Liquid organic fertilizer and its preparation process and application |
-
2022
- 2022-05-31 IN IN202221031047A patent/IN202221031047A/en unknown
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- 2023-06-14 WO PCT/IB2023/056113 patent/WO2023233387A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106518469A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-03-22 | 河池市技术开发中心 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer |
| CN107337550A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-10 | 广西金国正火龙果产业有限公司 | A kind of expelling parasite type dragon fruit biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110171988A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-27 | 广州耕读文化传播有限公司 | A kind of natural concentrated type Liquid organic fertilizer and its preparation process and application |
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