WO2023231222A1 - 牵引变压器总成 - Google Patents

牵引变压器总成 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023231222A1
WO2023231222A1 PCT/CN2022/117808 CN2022117808W WO2023231222A1 WO 2023231222 A1 WO2023231222 A1 WO 2023231222A1 CN 2022117808 W CN2022117808 W CN 2022117808W WO 2023231222 A1 WO2023231222 A1 WO 2023231222A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
traction transformer
cooler
voltage
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/117808
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱莉莉
钟珩
赵康发
龙谷宗
胡贵
吴勇
谭文俊
陈日新
王韬
阳清泉
熊涛
邓凤祥
吕春杰
邓欣
黄克旺
孙喜明
丁云风
郑馨
Original Assignee
中车株洲电机有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 中车株洲电机有限公司 filed Critical 中车株洲电机有限公司
Publication of WO2023231222A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023231222A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/085—Cooling by ambient air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02—Casings
    • H01F27/025—Constructional details relating to cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/06—Mounting, supporting or suspending transformers, reactors or choke coils not being of the signal type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H01F27/14—Expansion chambers; Oil conservators; Gas cushions; Arrangements for purifying, drying, or filling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2876—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Definitions

  • This application relates to the fields of rail transit and electrical, particularly a traction transformer assembly
  • the rail transit vehicle traction transformer is installed on the train to convert the 25kV high-voltage electricity of the contact network into various low-voltage electricity required by the traction system and auxiliary system. It is a power transformer with a special voltage level that needs to meet the drastic changes in traction load. Requirements, at the same time, it is necessary to suppress harmonic currents and limit short-circuit currents to ensure the safe, stable and reliable operation of the train's electric transmission system. It is the power source of rail vehicles and the core and key component of the traction system.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a traction transformer assembly that is easy to install and maintain, safe and reliable in operation, and simple in layout.
  • this application provides a traction transformer assembly, including a bracket assembly, a traction transformer body, a cooler and a pipeline assembly;
  • the bracket assembly includes a pair of longitudinal beams and a pair of vertical beams connected vertically between the pair of longitudinal beams.
  • the traction transformer body is suspended and connected between the pair of cross beams.
  • the cooler is connected to one side of the traction transformer body.
  • the pipeline assembly connects the traction transformer body and the cooler and is used to drive cooling oil between the traction transformer body and the cooler. Medium cycle.
  • the traction transformer body includes a fuel tank, windings, oil conservator, high-voltage outlet wires and low-voltage outlet wires, and the low-voltage outlet wires and cooler are respectively located on a pair of sides of the parallel longitudinal beam of the fuel tank;
  • the sides of the fuel tank parallel to the cross beam are equipped with mounting ribs.
  • the top of the mounting ribs is connected to the mounting plate.
  • the fuel tank is suspended from the beam through the mounting plate, vibration pads and bolts.
  • the oil cooled by the cooler enters the inside of the fuel tank through the pipeline assembly.
  • the built-in oil channel has an oil outlet above the built-in oil channel.
  • the cooled oil enters the winding of the traction transformer body through the oil outlet to cool the winding.
  • the mounting ribs on either side of the fuel tank extend obliquely toward the outside of the fuel tank, wherein,
  • the high-voltage outlet wire is set on the front side of the fuel tank perpendicular to the driving direction, and is located in the gap between the mounting ribs.
  • the high-voltage outlet wire is connected to the high-voltage cable. After the high-voltage cable is intermediately fixed through the fixed point under the cross beam, it enters the high-voltage wire trough.
  • the low-voltage outlet is set on the side of the fuel tank parallel to the driving direction.
  • the low-voltage cables exit from the front and rear ends of the low-voltage outlet. After being fixed by the cross beams on both sides, they enter the low-voltage cable trough located above the side.
  • a vehicle bottom limit is further included, the top of the vehicle bottom limit is wide and the bottom is narrow, and at least one inner side of the vehicle bottom limit is an arc shape that is adapted to the outside of the cooler.
  • high-voltage wire troughs and low-voltage wire troughs are symmetrically arranged above both sides of the vehicle bottom boundary, and both high-voltage wire troughs and low-voltage wire troughs are parallel to the driving direction.
  • the cooler includes a cooling tube set, a base plate and an oil box assembly.
  • the cooling tube set is fixed to the base plate and communicates with the oil box assembly through the base plate.
  • the oil inlet and oil outlet of the oil box assembly are respectively provided with different butterfly valves.
  • the pipeline assembly also includes an oil pump, which is used to drive the cooling oil circulation. It also includes an oil line safety system for air release and an oil line maintenance for oil release that are provided in the oil tank, cooler and oil pump. In the system, a first butterfly valve and a second butterfly valve are respectively provided at both ends of the oil pump.
  • the cooling tube group includes multiple rows of cooling tube bodies bent into arc shapes with preset gaps.
  • the gaps between any adjacent cooling tube bodies are tapered from the inner circumference to the outer circumference.
  • the center of the cooling tube body is a square tube connected to the base plate and used for flow turbulence.
  • the oil box assembly includes a first oil box, a second oil box and a third oil box
  • the cooling tube group includes a first cooling tube group located at the front end and connected to the first oil box and the second oil box, and a second cooling pipe group located at the rear end and connected to the second oil box and the third oil box; and the gap between the first cooling pipe group and the second cooling pipe group is larger than the first cooling pipe group or the second cooling pipe The gap between the cooling tube bodies of the group.
  • a protective cover is also included on the periphery of the cooler.
  • the protective cover includes grill bars for protection.
  • the grill bars are staggered to form grill holes for air inlet.
  • the grill bars are close to the air inlet side and The thickness of the end of the air outlet side is smaller, the thickness of the grille bar between the air inlet side and the air outlet side is larger, and the size of the grille holes increases from bottom to top.
  • the traction transformer assembly provided by this application integrates a single cooler and the traction transformer body. It only needs to install the longitudinal beam of the bracket assembly on the bottom of the rail transit along the driving direction, which can conveniently hang and fix the traction transformer body and the cooler as a whole. On the cross beam, the convenience of installation, inspection and maintenance is improved. Driven by the oil pump, the cooling oil passes through the pipeline assembly to the traction transformer body and uses the running air under the vehicle to exchange heat with the hot cooling oil through the cooler to meet the cooling needs of the traction transformer body.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic installation diagram of the traction transformer assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a front view of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an assembly diagram of the cooler provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is an assembly diagram of the cooler provided by the embodiment of the present application from another angle
  • Figure 5 is a top view of Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the protective cover
  • Figure 7 is an internal schematic diagram of the cooling tube body.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a traction transformer assembly, including a bracket assembly, a traction transformer body, a cooler 6 and a pipeline assembly.
  • a traction transformer assembly including a bracket assembly, a traction transformer body, a cooler 6 and a pipeline assembly.
  • the direction of the arrow in Figure 1 is the driving direction.
  • a set of coolers 6 is provided and integrated on one side of the traction transformer body, and both are integrally installed on the crossbeam 1 of the bracket assembly. This allows the cooler 6 and the traction transformer body to be disassembled and assembled as a whole, thereby improving the convenience of installation and maintenance.
  • the bracket assembly includes a pair of longitudinal beams and a pair of cross beams 1. The pair of longitudinal beams are used to be installed on the bottom of the rail transit vehicle and are centered relative to the vehicle bottom limit 27.
  • the pair of cross beams 1 are vertically connected between the pair of longitudinal beams. That is to say, the entire bracket assembly is generally in the shape of a mouth.
  • the traction transformer is suspended and installed between a pair of cross beams 1, and after the installation is completed, it maintains a set distance (usually more than 1m) from the front-end equipment 10 and the back-end equipment 21.
  • an oil pump 18 is provided in the pipeline assembly.
  • the pipeline assembly communicates with the traction transformer body and the cooler 6.
  • the oil pump 18 is used to drive the cooling oil to circulate between the traction transformer body and the cooler 6, and is aligned with the cooler by means of traveling air.
  • the thermal cooling oil in 6 exchanges heat and cools down.
  • the traction transformer body includes a fuel tank 31, a winding 25, a high-voltage outlet line 11, a low-voltage outlet line 13 and an oil conservator 14.
  • the oil conservator 14 is arranged on the top of the oil tank 31.
  • the oil conservator 14 can also be arranged in a tank parallel to the cross beam 1 31 sides.
  • the oil conservator 24 and the transformer oil tank 22 are internally connected through pipelines.
  • the cooler 6 is fixed on the left side of the fuel tank 31 through the cooler mounting plate 12 and the cooler mounting plate 28.
  • the cooler 6, the mounting plate 29 and the cooler mounting plate 28 are all vertical to the driving direction, on the side close to the cooler 6 It is bent at the front end and the rear end respectively, and a plurality of mounting holes are opened on the bending surface for installing the cooler 6.
  • Both the cooler mounting plate 1 2 and the cooler mounting plate 2 8 are provided with larger square holes to facilitate the passage of pipeline components and the installation operation of the cooler 6 .
  • the low-voltage outlet 13 is located on the opposite side of the fuel tank 31 and the cooler 6, that is, the right side.
  • the high-voltage outlet 11 is located on the front side in the driving direction as shown in Figure 1.
  • the high-voltage wire trough 28 and the low-voltage wire trough 32 are both connected to the driving direction.
  • the directions are parallel and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vehicle bottom limit 27. This arrangement can separate the low-voltage cable 12 and the high-voltage cable 9, which is beneficial to saving wiring space.
  • each two mounting ribs 23 are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 29, and the front side Or the two sets of mounting ribs 23 on the rear side are away from each other and extend obliquely toward the outside of the fuel tank 31, leaving a fixed position for the high-voltage outlet line 11 and the oil pump 18 in the gap between the fuel tank 31 and the mounting ribs 23, and at the same time, it is convenient to balance the installation stress. .
  • the opening of the mounting plate 29 can be hung on the crossbeam 1 through the vibration-absorbing pad 30 and bolts to isolate the vibration caused by the magnetostriction of the core when the traction transformer body is running from being transmitted to the crossbeam 1 and other parts of the vehicle.
  • the high-voltage outlet wire 11 is arranged on the front side of the fuel tank 31 perpendicular to the driving direction.
  • the high-voltage outlet wire 11 is located in the gap in the middle of the mounting rib 23.
  • the high-voltage outlet wire 11 is connected to the high-voltage cable 9.
  • the high-voltage cable 9 is connected through a fixed point under the cross beam 1. After being fixed, enter the high-voltage wire trough 28.
  • the low-voltage outlet 13 is set on the side of the fuel tank 31 parallel to the driving direction.
  • the low-voltage cables 12 are respectively outlet from the front and rear ends of the low-voltage outlet 13. After being fixed by the cross beams 1 on both sides, they enter the side.
  • the low voltage above passes through the wire duct 32.
  • the low-voltage cable 12 can also exit from one end and enter the low-voltage cable trough 32 .
  • multiple rows of heat sinks 24 are provided at the bottom of the traction transformer body.
  • the heat sinks 24 penetrate the entire bottom of the oil tank 31 to increase the heat dissipation area at the bottom.
  • the heat sinks 24 can be arranged at equal intervals, and each row of ribs is parallel to the driving direction to reduce the resistance of the traveling wind.
  • the bottom of the heat sink 24 does not exceed the vehicle bottom limit 27, making full use of the high-speed traveling wind at the bottom of the vehicle for heat dissipation and increasing the heat dissipation capacity of the transformer; of course, during specific implementation, the heat sink 24 can also be arranged at non-equal intervals, and the heat sink 24 can be It can be directly welded to the bottom of the fuel tank 31, or can also be welded to a heat sink plate and then connected to the bottom of the fuel tank 31. This application does not limit this.
  • the pipeline assembly includes a first pipeline 15, a second pipeline 3, a third pipeline 5, a built-in oil channel 7 and an oil channel safety system and an oil channel maintenance system.
  • the first pipeline 15 is connected to the upper part of the oil tank 31, and the oil pump 18
  • the hot oil in the upper part of the oil tank 31 is extracted through the first pipeline 15 and sent to the cooler 6 through the second pipeline 3.
  • the oil cooled by the cooler 6 passes through the third pipeline 5 and then enters the built-in oil passage inside the oil tank 31. 7.
  • An oil outlet hole is provided above the built-in oil passage 7.
  • the cooled oil enters the inside of the winding 25 of the transformer through the oil outlet hole to cool the winding 25.
  • This oil circuit composition simplifies the layout of the oil circuit, making the entire transformer simple in structure and easy to operate.
  • the cooler 6 mainly includes a cooling tube group 33, a base plate 36 and an oil box assembly.
  • the base plate 36 has a hole, and the cooling tube group 33 is fixedly connected to the base plate 36 and communicates with the oil box assembly through the base plate 36.
  • the oil box assembly includes a first oil box 39, a second oil box 41 and a third oil box 42, that is, it has three cavities.
  • the cooling pipe group 33 includes multiple rows of cooling pipe bodies 37 bent in an arc shape with preset gaps.
  • the cooling pipe bodies 37 of each row are arranged coplanarly, and the plane of the cooling pipe body 37 of each row is perpendicular to the driving direction, so that
  • the cooling tube group forms a plurality of channels parallel to the driving direction, which is conducive to the passage of traveling wind through the channels; of course, during specific implementation, the cooling tube bodies of each row can also be staggered and arranged not in the same plane. This application will No restrictions.
  • the cooling tube group 33 is welded to the base plate 36 .
  • a plurality of reinforcing plates 35 are provided between the cooling pipe bodies 37.
  • the plurality of reinforcing plates 35 are parallel to the driving direction and arranged in the vertical driving direction. This can increase the overall strength of the cooling pipe group 33 and prevent large accidents during operation. vibration.
  • the center of the cooling tube group 33 that is, the center of the inner peripheral cooling tube body 37, is also provided with a square tube 34.
  • the square tube 34 is fixed to the base plate 36.
  • the square tube 34 is used to disturb and redistribute the flow field of the cooling tube group 33, thereby increasing cooling.
  • the heat transfer effect of the tube group 33 increases the cooling power.
  • a larger spacing is provided in the middle of the multiple rows of cooling pipe bodies 37 arranged in the traveling direction of the cooling pipe group 33 than between other rows, so that when the train is running, the hot air inside the cooler 6 is carried out in the middle of the cooling pipe group 33 Full exchange and mixing with external cold air is conducive to improving the cooling power of the rear-end cooling tube group 33.
  • the cooling pipe group 33 also includes a first cooling pipe group 331 located at the front end in the driving direction and composed of several cooling pipe bodies 37, and a first cooling pipe group 331 located at the rear end in the driving direction. , a second cooling tube group 332 composed of several cooling tube bodies 37.
  • the gap between the first cooling pipe group 331 and the second cooling pipe group 332 is larger than the gap between the cooling pipe bodies 37 of the first cooling pipe group 331 or the second cooling pipe group 332, which reduces the flow of traveling wind into the second cooling pipe group 332.
  • the gap between the first cooling pipe group 231 and the second cooling pipe group 232 can also be equal to the gap between the first cooling pipe group 231 or the second cooling pipe group 232 and the cooling pipe body 24.
  • the pipeline assembly transports the hot cooling oil from the oil tank 31 to the first oil box 39.
  • the first oil box 39 transports the hot cooling oil to the second oil box 41 through the first cooling pipe group 331 on the periphery. After mixing, it flows into the third oil box 42 through the second cooling pipe group 332, and is returned to the oil tank 31 from the third oil box 42 and the pipeline assembly.
  • the cooling tube body 37 can be a round tube, a flat tube, an elliptical tube, etc., and is not limited here.
  • the gap between the cooling tube bodies 37 gradually decreases from the inner circumference to the outer circumference, that is, the cooling tube body 37 on the inner circumference has a larger gap between rows, so that when the train is running, the cooler is carried out in the middle of the cooling tube group 33 6. Full exchange and mixing of internal hot air and external cold air will help improve the cooling power of the rear-end cooling pipe group.
  • the cooling pipe bodies 37 can also be arranged at equal intervals, and this application does not limit this.
  • the oil circuit safety system includes a first bleeder device 4, a second bleeder device 17, and a third bleeder device 44.
  • the first bleeder device 4 is located on the top of the oil tank 31, and the second bleeder device 17 is located on the top of the oil pump 18.
  • the third air release device 44 is located at the top of the cooler 6 and can release the gas in the oil tank 31, the oil pump 18 and the cooler 6 in time to prevent the gas from entering the winding 25 with the cooling oil and causing the transformer to operate. Fault.
  • the oil circuit maintenance system includes a first butterfly valve 16 , a second butterfly valve 20 , a third butterfly valve 40 , a fourth butterfly valve 43 , a first oil drain device 22 , a second oil drain device 19 , and a third oil drain device 38 .
  • the first butterfly valve 16 and the second butterfly valve 20 are arranged at both ends of the oil pump 18
  • the third butterfly valve 40 and the fourth butterfly valve 43 are respectively arranged at the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the oil box assembly.
  • the first oil drain device 22 can be located at the bottom of the oil tank 31
  • the second oil drain device 19 is located at the bottom of the oil pump 18, and the third oil drain device 38 is located at the bottom of the cooler 6.
  • the above three oil drain devices can be used to drain each part of the oil.
  • the oil is drained cleanly.
  • the oil drain device can be connected to the oil filling device. When connected to the oil filling device, the whole or each part of the transformer can be filled with oil.
  • the above-mentioned oil circuit maintenance system and oil circuit safety system can realize separate oil filling and exhaust of the oil tank 31, oil pump 18 and cooler 6, so as to avoid the need for re-oiling of a single component due to failure or other reasons, and the entire traction transformer assembly.
  • innovative design simplifies the oil filling process of replacement parts, enabling on-site replacement, oil filling, and exhausting on the vehicle, shortening the troubleshooting cycle and saving a lot of economic costs.
  • Each butterfly valve can open and close each part of the oil circuit.
  • the first butterfly valve 16 and the second butterfly valve 20 on both sides of the oil pump 18 can be closed to prevent oil from flowing out in other parts. , significantly reducing the amount of oil replacement and the workload of replacement work.
  • a grille-shaped protective cover 26 is provided on the outside of the cooler 6 to prevent the impact of foreign objects such as stones under the vehicle on the cooler 6.
  • the protective cover 26 is formed by staggered grill bars to form grill holes.
  • the depth direction of the grill holes located in the front and rear of the driving direction coincides with the driving direction and is located in the middle.
  • the depth direction of the arc-shaped grille holes is perpendicular to the driving direction.
  • the thickness of the grille bars near the inlet and outlet sides of the grille holes is relatively thin, and the thickness in the middle is relatively large, thereby reducing the amount of traveling wind passing through the grille.
  • the grid holes enter the wind resistance of the cooler 6; in addition, the size of the grid holes gradually increases from bottom to top, which improves the protection effect while reducing the wind resistance.
  • the grid bars are staggered horizontally and vertically to form grid holes.
  • the spacing between the horizontally arranged grid bars can gradually increase from bottom to top, and the vertically arranged grid bars can be arranged at equal intervals.
  • the traction transformer assembly provided by this application also includes a vehicle bottom limit 27.
  • the vehicle bottom limit 27 is used to connect to the bottom of the carriage.
  • the top of the vehicle bottom limit 27 is wide and the bottom is narrow.
  • the two sides extend obliquely from top to bottom toward the center of the carriage. Both sides can be set in an arc shape.
  • one of the inner sides of the vehicle bottom limit 27 can fully fit the cooler 6, making it convenient to pass through the tunnel while balancing the side airflow and reducing traffic.
  • the side resistance improves the cooling efficiency of the cooler 6.
  • the high-voltage wire duct 28 and the low-voltage wire duct 32 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vehicle bottom limit 27.

Abstract

一种牵引变压器总成，包括支架总成、牵引变压器本体、冷却器和管路组件；所述支架总成包括一对纵梁和垂直连接于一对所述纵梁之间的一对横梁，所述牵引变压器本体悬挂连接于一对所述横梁之间，所述冷却器连接于所述牵引变压器本体的一侧，所述管路组件连通所述牵引变压器本体和所述冷却器，并用于驱动冷却油在所述牵引变压器本体和所述冷却器中循环。本申请所提供的牵引变压器总成安装维护方便，运行安全可靠，布置简洁。

Description

牵引变压器总成
本申请要求于2022年05月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210606631.2、申请名称为“牵引变压器总成”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及轨道交通及电气领域，特别涉及一种牵引变压器总成
背景技术
轨道交通车辆牵引变压器安装在列车上，将接触网25kV的高压电转换成牵引系统和辅助系统所需的各种低压电，是一种特殊电压等级的电力变压器，需满足牵引负荷变化剧烈的要求，同时需抑制谐波电流和限制短路电流，从而保证列车电传动系统的安全、稳定和可靠运行，是轨道车辆的动力源，是牵引系统的核心、关键部件。
现有轨道交通车辆牵引变压器通常采用冷却风机强迫通风的冷却方式。这种变压器的噪声较大、效率较低、风机需消耗驱动功率，检修维护工作较多、列车需设置专门的保护装置和控制逻辑，以监测冷却风机在列车运行时是否正常工作，运维不便且成本较高。而部分采用冷却器冷却的牵引变压器，则存在安装检修不便的问题。
发明内容
本申请的目的是提供一种牵引变压器总成，该牵引变压器总成安装维护方便，运行安全可靠，布置简洁。
为实现上述目的，本申请提供一种牵引变压器总成，包括支架总成、牵引变压器本体、冷却器和管路组件；支架总成包括一对纵梁和垂直连接于一对纵梁之间的一对横梁，牵引变压器本体悬挂连接于一对横梁之间，冷却器连接于牵引变压器本体的一侧，管路组件连通牵引变压器本体和冷却器，并用于驱动冷却油在牵引变压器本体和冷却器中循环。
在一些实施例中，牵引变压器本体包括油箱、绕组、储油柜、高压出 线和低压出线，低压出线和冷却器分设于油箱平行纵梁的一对侧面；
油箱平行于横梁的侧面均设置安装筋板，安装筋板的顶端连接安装板，油箱通过安装板、减振垫及螺栓悬挂于横梁；经冷却器冷却后的油通过管路组件后进入油箱内部的内置油道，内置油道上方设置出油孔，冷却后的油经出油孔进入牵引变压器本体的绕组内部，对绕组进行冷却。
在一些实施例中，油箱任一侧面的安装筋板均朝向油箱的外侧倾斜延伸，其中，
高压出线设置在与行车方向垂直的油箱的前侧，且位于安装筋板中间的空隙中，高压出线连接高压电缆，高压电缆通过位于横梁下的固定点进行中间固定后，进入高压过线槽中，
低压出线设置在与行车方向平行的油箱侧面，低压电缆分别从低压出线的前后端出线，经两侧的横梁固定后，进入位于侧上方的低压过线槽中。
在一些实施例中，还包括车辆底部限界，车辆底部限界的顶部宽、底部窄，且车辆底部限界的至少一内侧为与冷却器的外侧适配的弧形。
在一些实施例中，车底界限两侧上方对称布置高压过线槽和低压过线槽，高压过线槽和低压过线槽均与行车方向平行。
在一些实施例中，冷却器包括冷却管组、基板和油盒组件，冷却管组固定于基板并通过基板连通油盒组件，油盒组件的进油口和出油口分别设置不同的蝶阀。
在一些实施例中，管路组件还包括油泵，油泵用于驱动冷却油循环，还包括设于油箱、冷却器及油泵的用于放气的油路安全系统和用于放油的油路维护系统，油泵的两端分别设置第一蝶阀和第二蝶阀。
在一些实施例中，冷却管组包括多排以预设间隙弯折呈圆弧状的冷却管本体，任意相邻冷却管本体之间的间隙沿内周至外周渐缩，还包括设于内周的冷却管本体的中央、连接基板并用于扰流的方管。
在一些实施例中，油盒组件包括第一油盒、第二油盒和第三油盒，冷却管组包括设于前端且连通第一油盒和第二油盒的第一冷却管组，以及设于后端并连通第二油盒和第三油盒的第二冷却管组；且第一冷却管组和第二冷却管组之间的间隙大于第一冷却管组或第二冷却管组的冷却管本体之 间的间隙。
在一些实施例中，还包括设于冷却器外周的防护罩，防护罩包括用于防护的格栅筋，格栅筋交错形成用于进风的格栅孔，格栅筋靠近进风侧及出风侧的端部厚度较小，格栅筋位于进风侧和出风侧之间部位的厚度较大，格栅孔的尺寸由下向上增大设置。
本申请所提供的牵引变压器总成采用单个冷却器和牵引变压器本体集成，只需将支架总成的纵梁沿行车方向安装于轨道交通底部，能够方便地将牵引变压器本体和冷却器整体悬挂固定在横梁上，提高了安装及检修维护的便利性。冷却油在油泵的驱动下通过管路组件在牵引变压器本体和利用车底走行风通过冷却器与热冷却油换热，满足牵引变压器本体的冷却需求。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例所提供的牵引变压器总成的安装示意图；
图2为图1的前视图；
图3为本申请实施例所提供的冷却器的一个角度的装配图；
图4为本申请实施例所提供的冷却器的另一个角度的装配图；
图5为图3的俯视图；
图6为防护罩的示意图；
图7为冷却管本体的内部示意图。
其中：
1-横梁、2-冷却器安装板一、3-第二管路、4-第一放气装置、5-第三管路、6-冷却器、7-内置油道、8-冷却器安装板二、9-高压电缆、10-前端设备、11-高压出线、12-低压电缆、13-低压出线、14-储油柜、15-第一管路、16-第一蝶阀、17-第二放气装置、18-油泵、19-第二放油装置、20-第二蝶 阀、21-后端设备、22-第一放油装置、23-安装筋板、24-散热片、25-绕组、26-防护罩、27-车辆底部限界、28-高压过线槽、29-安装板、30-减振垫、31-油箱、32-低压过线槽、33-冷却管组、331-第一冷却管组、332-第二冷却管组、34-方管、35-加强板、36-基板、37-冷却管本体、371-加强筋、38-第三放油装置、39-第一油盒、40-第三蝶阀、41第二油盒、42-第三油盒、43-第四蝶阀、44-第三放气装置。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
为了使本技术领域的技术人员更好地理解本申请方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本申请作进一步的详细说明。
本申请实施例提供一种牵引变压器总成，包括支架总成、牵引变压器本体、冷却器6和管路组件。参考图1和图2，图1中的箭头方向为行车方向，本申请实施例中，冷却器6设置一组并集成在牵引变压器本体的一个侧面，二者整体安装在支架总成的横梁1上，使得冷却器6和牵引变压器本体能够整体拆装，提高安装维护的便利性。支架总成包括一对纵梁和一对横梁1，一对纵梁用来安装至轨道交通车辆的底部并相对车辆底部限界27居中设置，一对横梁1垂直连接在一对纵梁之间，也即整个支架总成大体呈口字型，牵引变压器悬挂安装在一对横梁1之间，并在安装完成后与前端设备10及后端设备21保持设定距离(通常为1m以上)。
上述实施例中，管路组件中设置油泵18，管路组件连通牵引变压器本体和冷却器6，利用油泵18驱动冷却油在牵引变压器本体和冷却器6之间循环，借助走行风对位于冷却器6中的热冷却油换热降温。牵引变压器本体包括油箱31、绕组25、高压出线11、低压出线13及储油柜14，储油柜 14设置在油箱31的顶部，当然，储油柜14也可布置在与横梁1平行的油箱31两侧。储油柜24和变压器油箱22之间有内部通过管道联通，当变压器内部温度升高时，油箱22内的油体积膨胀流至储油柜24，当变压器内部温度降低时，油箱22内的油体积缩小，储油柜24内的油流入至油箱22进行补偿。
冷却器6通过冷却器安装板一2和冷却器安装板二8固定在油箱31的左侧，冷却器6、安装板29和冷却器安装板二8均垂直行车方向，在靠近冷却器6侧分别向前端和后端折弯，在折弯面开有多个安装孔，用于安装冷却器6。冷却器安装板一2和冷却器安装板二8上均开有较大方孔，方便管路组件穿过和冷却器6的安装操作。
低压出线13位于油箱31和冷却器6相对的一组侧面也即右侧面，高压出线11设置在图1所示行车方向的前侧面，高压过线槽28与低压过线槽32均与行车方向平行，对称布置于车辆底部界限27的两侧，该布置可将低压电缆12和高压电缆9分开走线，有利于节约走线空间。
在行车方向的前侧面和后侧面均设置四根安装筋板23，每侧的四根安装筋板23分为两组，每两根安装筋板23的顶端固接安装板29，且前侧面或后侧面的两组安装筋板23分别朝向油箱31的外侧相互远离并倾斜延伸，在油箱31和安装筋板23的间隙中留出高压出线11及油泵18的固定位置，同时便于平衡安装应力。安装板29开孔可以通过减振垫30和螺栓悬挂在横梁1上，隔离牵引变压器本体运行时因铁心磁致伸缩引起的振动传递至横梁1及车辆其他部位。
高压出线11设置在与行车方向垂直的油箱31的前侧，高压出线11位于安装筋板23中间的空隙中，高压出线11连接高压电缆9，高压电缆9通过位于横梁1下的固定点进行中间固定后，进入高压过线槽28中，低压出线13设置在与行车方向平行的油箱31侧面，低压电缆12分别从低压出线13的前后端出线，经两侧的横梁1固定后，进入位于侧上方的低压过线槽32中。当然，低压电缆12还可以从一端出线，从而进入低压过线槽32中。
在一实施例中，参阅图2，牵引变压器本体的底部设置多排散热片24， 散热片24贯穿整个油箱31底部，增加底部散热面积。散热片24可采用等间距方式设置，每排筋板与行车方向平行，减少走行风通过的阻力。散热片24的底部不超过车辆底部限界27，充分利用车辆底部高流速走行风进行散热，增加变压器的散热能力；当然，在具体实施时，散热片24还可非等间距设置，散热片24可直接焊接在油箱31的底部，也可焊接于一块散热板上再与油箱31的底部连接，本申请对此不作限制。
管路组件包括第一管路15、第二管路3、第三管路5、内置油道7和油路安全系统及油路维护系统，第一管路15与油箱31上部连接，油泵18将油箱31上部的热油通过第一管路15抽出，经过第二管路3送至冷却器6，经冷却器6冷却后的油通过第三管路5后进入油箱31内部的内置油道7，内置油道7上方设置出油孔，冷却后的油经出油孔进入变压器的绕组25内部，对绕组25进行冷却。该油路组成简化了油路的布置，使整个变压器结构简单、便于操作。
在一实施例中，冷却器6主要包括冷却管组33、基板36和油盒组件，基板36开孔，冷却管组33固定连接于基板36并通过基板36与油盒组件连通。本实施例中，油盒组件包括第一油盒39、第二油盒41和第三油盒42，也即具有三个腔体。冷却管组33包括多排以预设间隙弯折呈圆弧状的冷却管本体37，每排的冷却管本体37共面设置，且每排的冷却管本体37所在平面与行车方向垂直，使得冷却管组形成了多个与行车方向平行的通道，有利于走行风从通道中通过；当然，在具体实施时，每排的冷却管本体也可错开布置，不在一个平面内，本申请对此不作限制。冷却管组33焊接于基板36。冷却管本体37之间设有多个加强板35，多个加强板35与行车方向平行、且朝垂直行车方向排列，这样即可增加冷却管组33的整体强度，防止运行过程中产生较大振动。冷却管组33的中央也即内周的冷却管本体37中央还设方管34，方管34固接于基板36，利用方管34扰流并重新分配冷却管组33的流场，增加冷却管组33的传热效果，增加冷却功率。
在冷却管组33行车方向排列的多排冷却管本体37的正中间设置比其他排与排之间间隙更大的间距，实现列车行走时，在冷却管组33中间进行 冷却器6内部热空气与外部冷空气的充分交换混合，有利于提升后端冷却管组33的冷却功率。
如附图3和附图4所示，根据与不同油盒的连接，冷却管组33还包括位于行车方向前端、由若干冷却管本体37构成的第一冷却管组331以及位于行车方向后端、由若干冷却管本体37构成的第二冷却管组332。第一冷却管组331和第二冷却管组332之间的间隙大于第一冷却管组331或第二冷却管组332冷却管本体37的间隙，减小走行风进入第二冷却管组332的风阻；当然，在具体实施时，第一冷却管组231和第二冷却管组232之间的间隙还可等于第一冷却管组231或第二冷却管组232与冷却管本体24的间隙，本申请对此不作限制。其中，管路组件将热冷却油从油箱31输送至第一油盒39，第一油盒39通过外周的第一冷却管组331将输送至第二油盒41，在第二油盒41均匀混合后经第二冷却管组332流入第三油盒42，从第三油盒42和管路组件输回油箱31。
冷却管本体37可采用圆管、扁管和椭圆管等，此处不作限制。冷却管本体37之间的间隙沿内周向外周逐渐减小，也即内周的冷却管本体37在排与排之间间隙更大，实现列车行走时，在冷却管组33中间进行冷却器6内部热空气与外部冷空气的充分交换混合，有利于提升后端冷却管路组的冷却功率。当然，在具体实施时，冷却管本体37还可等间距设置，本申请对此不作限制。
油路安全系统包括第一放气装置4、第二放气装置17、第三放气装置44，第一放气装置4位于油箱31的顶部，第二放气装置17位于油泵18的顶部，第三放气装置44位于冷却器6的顶部，可分别将油箱31内、油泵18内和冷却器6内各部分的气体及时放出，以免气体随冷却油进入绕组25内循环，从而造成变压器运行故障。油路维护系统包括第一蝶阀16、第二蝶阀20、第三蝶阀40、第四蝶阀43、第一放油装置22、第二放油装置19、第三放油装置38。第一蝶阀16和第二蝶阀20设置在油泵18的两端，第三蝶阀40和第四蝶阀43分设在油盒组件的进油口及出油口。第一放油装置22可位于油箱31的底部，第二放油装置19位于油泵18的底部，第三放油装置38位于冷却器6的底部，利用上述三个放油装置可将各部分的 油排放干净，同时放油装置可与注油装置相连，与注油装置连接即可对变压器整体或者各部分进行注油。
上述油路维护系统和油路安全系统可实现对油箱31、油泵18和冷却器6进行单独注油、排气，避免因某单一部件由于故障或其他原因需重新注油，而将牵引变压器总成整体返厂，通过创新设计，简化了更换部件的注油流程，可实现在车上现场更换、注油、排气，缩短了故障处理周期，节约了大量经济成本。
各蝶阀可实现油路各部分的开通和关闭，在需要单独进行某一部件如油泵18更换的时候，可关闭油泵18两侧的第一蝶阀16和第二蝶阀20，防止其他部位的油流出，大幅减少油的更换量和更换作业工作量。
在一实施例中，参考图6，冷却器6的外部设有格栅状的防护罩26，防止车下石子等异物对冷却器6的打击，防护罩26的四周有折边，折边上开有孔，螺栓穿过孔将防护罩26与基板36相连，防护罩26由交错设置的格栅筋形成格栅孔，位于行车方向前后的格栅孔的深度方向与行车方向重合，位于中间弧形的格栅孔深度方向则与行车方向相垂直，格栅筋靠近格栅孔进风侧和出风侧两端的厚度设置相对较薄，中间厚度设置相对较大，从而减小走行风穿过格栅孔进入冷却器6的风阻；此外，格栅孔的尺寸由下至上逐渐增大，在提高防护效果的同时降低风阻。示例性地，格栅筋横竖交错形成格栅孔，横向布置的格栅筋之间的间距可以由下至上逐渐增大，竖向布置的格栅筋可等间距设置。如图7所示，冷却管本体37内部有多个加强筋371，在增加强度的同时，对油流进行扰动，增加传热效果，同时还可增加油侧的散热面积，提升散热功率，有利于变压器和冷却器6的小型化和轻量化设计。
本申请所提供的牵引变压器总成还包括车辆底部限界27，车辆底部限界27用来连接在车厢的底部，车辆底部限界27的顶部宽，底部窄，两侧面自上下向车厢中央倾斜延伸，两侧面均可设置为弧形，针对设置一个冷却器6的情形，车辆底部限界27的其中一内侧面能够充分与冷却器6贴合适配，方便经过隧道的同时，均衡侧部气流，减少行车侧部阻力，提高冷却器6的冷却效率，高压过线槽28和低压过线槽32则对称设置在车辆底 部限界27的两侧。
需要说明的是，在本说明书中，诸如第一和第二之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体与另外几个实体区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。
以上对本申请所提供的牵引变压器总成进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请原理的前提下，还可以对本申请进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本申请权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种牵引变压器总成，其特征在于，包括支架总成、牵引变压器本体、冷却器和管路组件；所述支架总成包括一对纵梁和垂直连接于一对所述纵梁之间的一对横梁，所述牵引变压器本体悬挂连接于一对所述横梁之间，所述冷却器连接于所述牵引变压器本体的一侧，所述管路组件连通所述牵引变压器本体和所述冷却器，并用于驱动冷却油在所述牵引变压器本体和所述冷却器中循环。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的牵引变压器总成，其特征在于，所述牵引变压器本体包括油箱、绕组、储油柜、高压出线和低压出线，所述低压出线和所述冷却器分设于所述油箱平行所述纵梁的一对侧面；
    所述油箱平行于所述横梁的侧面均设置安装筋板，所述安装筋板的顶端连接安装板，所述油箱通过所述安装板、减振垫及螺栓悬挂于所述横梁；经所述冷却器冷却后的油通过所述管路组件后进入所述油箱内部的内置油道，所述内置油道上方设置出油孔，冷却后的油经所述出油孔进入所述牵引变压器本体的绕组内部，对所述绕组进行冷却。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的牵引变压器总成，其特征在于，所述油箱任一侧面的所述安装筋板均朝向所述油箱的外侧倾斜延伸，其中，
    所述高压出线设置在与行车方向垂直的所述油箱的前侧，且与所述安装筋板避让设置，所述高压出线连接高压电缆，所述高压电缆通过位于所述横梁下方的固定点进行中间固定后，进入高压过线槽中，
    所述低压出线设置在与行车方向平行的所述油箱侧面，低压电缆分别从所述低压出线的前后端出线，并经两侧的所述横梁固定后，进入位于侧上方的低压过线槽中。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的牵引变压器总成，其特征在于，还包括车辆底部限界，所述车辆底部限界的顶部宽、底部窄，且所述车辆底部限界的至少一内侧为与所述冷却器的外侧适配的弧形。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的牵引变压器总成，其特征在于，所述车辆底部限界两侧上方对称布置所述高压过线槽和所述低压过线槽，所述高压过线槽和所述低压过线槽均与行车方向平行。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的牵引变压器总成，其特征在于，所述冷却器包括冷却管组、基板和油盒组件，所述冷却管组固定于所述基板并通过所述基板连通所述油盒组件，所述油盒组件的进油口和出油口分别设置不同的蝶阀。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的牵引变压器总成，其特征在于，所述管路组件还包括油泵，所述油泵用于驱动冷却油循环，还包括设有所述油箱、所述冷却器及所述油泵且用于放气的油路安全系统和用于放油的油路维护系统，所述油泵的两端分别设置第一蝶阀和第二蝶阀。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的牵引变压器总成，其特征在于，所述冷却管组包括多排以预设间隙弯折呈圆弧状的冷却管本体，任意相邻所述冷却管本体之间的间隙沿内周至外周渐缩，还包括设于内周的所述冷却管本体的中央、连接所述基板并用于扰流的方管。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的牵引变压器总成，其特征在于，所述油盒组件包括第一油盒、第二油盒和第三油盒，所述冷却管组包括设于前端且连通所述第一油盒和所述第二油盒的第一冷却管组，以及设于后端并连通所述第二油盒和所述第三油盒的第二冷却管组；且所述第一冷却管组和所述第二冷却管组之间的间隙大于所述第一冷却管组或所述第二冷却管组相较于所述冷却管本体之间的间隙。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的牵引变压器总成，其特征在于，还包括设于所述冷却器外周的防护罩，所述防护罩包括用于防护的格栅筋，所述格栅筋交错形成用于进风的格栅孔，所述格栅筋靠近进风侧及出风侧的端部厚度较小，所述格栅筋位于进风侧和出风侧之间部位的厚度较大，所述格栅孔的尺寸由下向上增大设置。
PCT/CN2022/117808 2022-05-31 2022-09-08 牵引变压器总成 WO2023231222A1 (zh)

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