WO2023228129A1 - Nanofibre à haute efficacité de filtration - Google Patents

Nanofibre à haute efficacité de filtration Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023228129A1
WO2023228129A1 PCT/IB2023/055389 IB2023055389W WO2023228129A1 WO 2023228129 A1 WO2023228129 A1 WO 2023228129A1 IB 2023055389 W IB2023055389 W IB 2023055389W WO 2023228129 A1 WO2023228129 A1 WO 2023228129A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nanofiber
spunbond
sms
meltblown
nylon
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2023/055389
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Sandra Milena Sanabria Barrera
Lina María Pineda Berrio
Original Assignee
Fundacion Cardiovascular De Colombia
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fundacion Cardiovascular De Colombia filed Critical Fundacion Cardiovascular De Colombia
Publication of WO2023228129A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023228129A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
    • A62B23/02—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B23B5/26—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for simultaneously turning internal and external surfaces of a body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/02—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin in the form of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/559—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving the fibres being within layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of physical or chemical processes, separation and filter material for liquid and gaseous fluids, and more specifically to a nanofiber with high particle filtration efficiency, created from the electrospinning technique that allows the generation of a layer of nanofiber, which, joined to other layers of polypropylene fabric or nanofibers by means of ultrasound or heat, achieves obtaining a material whose fiber diameter range and nanometric pores provide high efficiency in particle filtration.
  • the nano filter layer is made from polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polymethacrylate, polyvinylidene fluoride, one or more of polyvinylidene chloride, copolymer ethylene-propylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene elastomer, polyamide, and polyamide copolymer.
  • polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polymethacrylate, polyvinylidene fluoride, one or more of polyvinylidene chloride, copolymer ethylene-propylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene elastomer, polyamide, and polyamide copolymer.
  • These polymers can undergo processes of electrospinning, centrifugal spinning, needleless free surface electrospinning, melt electrospinning, and a template is used as a receptor or substrate (treated with n-hexanol) to prepare an electrically uncharged grid structure.
  • a template is used as a receptor or substrate (treated with n-hexanol) to prepare an electrically uncharged grid structure.
  • the structure that makes up the filter material is different, since it does not present pyramidal structures, in addition the polymers to which that the referenced patent refers to do not coincide with those of the new invention.
  • the production process of nanofibers presented in the preceding patent is through different forms of electrospinning such as, for example, needle-free electrospinning
  • the filter material is collected in a plate pretreated with hexane, which implies a collection process different from that exposed in the new invention, which consists of collecting the nanofiber in another non-woven fabric such as spunbond or SMS.
  • the repair of the solution to be electrospun is carried out in a single chemical solvent, which varies depending on the type of work material.
  • This patent found in the state of the art includes a variety of polymers including polyamide, but the preparation of the working solution is carried out with a single solvent and the collecting fabric receives a chemical and ultrasound pretreatment, which differs from what is stated in the new invention, given that the collection substrate materials do not undergo adaptation processes or treatments prior to electrospinning.
  • the nanofiber developed in the new invention is a novel product because it has high efficiency properties for filtering particles with a diameter of 0.3 microns that have not been filtered in the state of the art with the proposed product and process.
  • of the current patent which as a product obtained allows easy breathability, is disposable, biodegradable and easily scalable for mass production since it is made by the electrospinning technique without pretreatment, characteristics that make it a unique product taking into account unmet needs of similar products for filtration of particles with a diameter of 0.3 microns.
  • the above is complemented by the quality of the polymeric material, concentrations of working solutions, solvents, environmental operating conditions, the configuration of the electrospinning equipment and the filter element that presents a low drop in pressure, therefore, allowing the easy air flow through the mesh of fibers and nanofibers. that result in a product with better characteristics and results than other previous inventions.
  • the nanofiber developed in the new invention has a particle filtration efficiency of 0.3 microns that is greater than 95% and allows easy air flow through the mesh. of fibers. Therefore, it is a product that has the capacity to filter particles present in the air, which would solve concerns related to public health in what has to do with particulate matter, environmental contaminants and viruses and microorganisms that cause respiratory diseases, in closed spaces.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective of the fibers (belonging to polypropylene nonwoven fabric) and nanofibers, in SEM nanofiber microphotographs at 1000X.
  • Figure 2 shows an SEM photomicrographic view at 14,300X. of nanofibers and ovoid structure with the elements that compose it.
  • Figure 3 shows a microphotographic view of the structure of the nanofibers at 20,000X.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show different structural conformations of the nanofiber.
  • the high particle filtration efficiency nanofiber is produced through the electrospinning technique, which involves the application of a high voltage between a wire containing a polymer solution and an electrode.
  • the applied electric field exceeds the surface tension of the droplet that is arranged on the wire, it acquires a conical configuration, which is made up of highly charged nanometer-sized filaments that solidify when the solvent evaporates, the nanofibers are attracted by the electric field towards an electrode of opposite charge.
  • a non-woven fabric (6) which can be SMS, Spunbond or Meltblown
  • a layer of nanofiber (7) will be deposited on the non-woven fabric (6). In this way, the nanofiber (7) will be collected in the nonwoven fabric (6), subsequently the layers of nonwoven fabric and nanofiber can be joined together by means of ultrasound or heat sealing.
  • the developed nanofiber has been characterized at a microscopic level using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) technique, which is made up of flat nylon fibers (2), nanonets or spider web-shaped fibers (4) and ovoid nylon fibers ( 1) which, by electrospinning, form pore structures (3), whose fibers have diameters ranging from 40nm to 900nm and pore sizes (3) between 1000nm and 1500nm, with a smooth, continuous surface and with the presence of ovoid microstructures such as "nanonets" or spider web-shaped fibers (4) and “pearls” or ovoid nylon fibers (1).
  • SEM Scanning Electron Microscopy
  • the nanofiber layer (7) produced can be joined to one or several layers of nanofiber of weights between 0.0001 and 50 g and to non-woven fabric (6) of weights between 1 and 50 g, or, the nanofiber layer (7) produced can be attached to one or several layers of non-woven fabric (6) with weights between 1 and 50g.
  • the joining of layers can be done by means of ultrasound or heat.
  • the above allows the nanofiber composition to have high efficiency characteristics in particle filtration, since it is made up of Nylon 6 or Nylon 66 fiber particles dissolved in one or more solvents (5) such as acetic acid, formic acid and trifluoroethanol. in concentrations between 2% to 30%.
  • the composition of the nanofiber with high efficiency in particle filtration is made up of a fibrous structure, formed thanks to the electrospinning technique, which has been modified and adapted to the characteristics of the product, to achieve greater effectiveness in filtration.
  • This contains nanometric-sized filaments, based on highly charged nylon, that solidify when the solvent (5) evaporates, forming a smooth, continuous surface with the presence of ovoid microstructures such as "nanonets" and "pearls”.
  • the nanofibers (7) are attracted by the electric field towards an electrode of opposite charge and subsequently deposited on the non-woven fabric (6), obtaining a higher density, but leaving space for porous spaces, which filter particles with a diameter of 0.3 microns. .
  • the composition of the nanofiber is a pore structure (3), formed thanks to the nylon fibers obtaining diameters ranging from 40nm to 900nm in the pore sizes (3), which is complemented by the quality of the polymeric material. , concentrations of working solutions, solvents (5), environmental operating conditions and the configuration of the electrospinning equipment, obtaining a porous structure of polymeric material that has a low drop in pressure and easy air flow through the mesh of non-woven fabric fibers and nanofibers.
  • the nanofiber is formed by combinations in its final structure, according to the environmental or health needs, thus, it can be accompanied by one or several layers of nanofiber (7) or other types of non-woven fabric (6), (Meltblown, Spunbond, SMS), forming, among others, the following structures: Spunbond - nanofiber, or Spunbond - nanofiber - spunbond, or Spunbond - nanofiber - nanofiber -spunbond, or Meltblown - nanofiber - meltblown, or Meltblown - nanofiber - nanofiber - meltblown, or Meltblown - nanofiber - spunbond, or Meltblown - nanofiber - spunbond, or Meltblown - nanofiber - nanofiber - spunbond, or Meltblown - nanofiber - nanofiber - spunbond, Spunbond, meltlbown, spunbond (SMS) - nanofiber - spunbond, or Spunbond, meltlbown, spunbond (SMS) - nanofiber - nanofiber - spunbond, or
  • Nanofiber with non-woven fabric with high particle filtration efficiency has the following stages:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne le domaine des procédés physiques ou chimiques de séparation et un matériau filtrant pour fluides liquides et gazeux, et plus particulièrement une nanofibre à haute efficacité de filtration de particules, élaborée au moyen de la technique d'électrofilage qui permet la génération d'une couche de nanofibre qui, lorsqu'elle est jointe à d'autres couches de tissu de polypropylène ou nanofibres par ultrasons ou par la chaleur, permet l'obtention d'un matériau dont la plage de diamètre de fibres et les pores nanométriques offrent une haute efficacité de filtration de particules.
PCT/IB2023/055389 2022-05-26 2023-05-25 Nanofibre à haute efficacité de filtration WO2023228129A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CONC2022/0007162 2022-05-26
CONC2022/0007162A CO2022007162A1 (es) 2022-05-26 2022-05-26 Nanofibra de alta eficiencia de filtración

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023228129A1 true WO2023228129A1 (fr) 2023-11-30

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WO (1) WO2023228129A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008084369A1 (fr) * 2007-01-05 2008-07-17 Rhodia Poliamida E Especialidades Ltda Procede d'obtention d'un produit contenant des nanofibres et produit contenant des nanofibres
KR20150040705A (ko) * 2013-10-07 2015-04-15 (주)에프티이앤이 나일론 나노섬유를 포함하는 필터 및 이의 제조방법
US20190160405A1 (en) * 2016-04-18 2019-05-30 Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. Nanofiber filter media for high performance applications
US20210170317A1 (en) * 2018-05-03 2021-06-10 Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. Composite filter media with multiple fiber structures including nanofibers

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008084369A1 (fr) * 2007-01-05 2008-07-17 Rhodia Poliamida E Especialidades Ltda Procede d'obtention d'un produit contenant des nanofibres et produit contenant des nanofibres
KR20150040705A (ko) * 2013-10-07 2015-04-15 (주)에프티이앤이 나일론 나노섬유를 포함하는 필터 및 이의 제조방법
US20190160405A1 (en) * 2016-04-18 2019-05-30 Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. Nanofiber filter media for high performance applications
US20210170317A1 (en) * 2018-05-03 2021-06-10 Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. Composite filter media with multiple fiber structures including nanofibers

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DHANALAKSHMI M., JOG J. P.: "Preparation and characterization of electrospun fibers of Nylon 11", EXPRESS POLYMER LETTERS, vol. 2, no. 8, 1 January 2008 (2008-01-01), pages 540 - 545, XP093115582, ISSN: 1788-618X, DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2008.65 *

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