WO2023226469A1 - 热泵空调机组及其控制方法 - Google Patents

热泵空调机组及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023226469A1
WO2023226469A1 PCT/CN2023/074347 CN2023074347W WO2023226469A1 WO 2023226469 A1 WO2023226469 A1 WO 2023226469A1 CN 2023074347 W CN2023074347 W CN 2023074347W WO 2023226469 A1 WO2023226469 A1 WO 2023226469A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air conditioning
liquid
conditioning unit
heat exchange
collecting pipe
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/074347
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵振立
顾超
安超
Original Assignee
青岛海尔空调电子有限公司
青岛海尔空调器有限总公司
海尔智家股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023226469A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023226469A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/46—Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
    • F24F11/67—Switching between heating and cooling modes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
    • F24F2110/65—Concentration of specific substances or contaminants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2130/00—Control inputs relating to environmental factors not covered by group F24F2110/00
    • F24F2130/30—Artificial light

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of heat exchange technology, and specifically provides a heat pump air conditioning unit and a control method thereof.
  • the heat exchange performance of air conditioning units which directly affects the overall energy consumption of air conditioning units, and the heat exchanger
  • the heat exchange efficiency will directly affect the heat exchange performance of the entire air conditioning unit, so it is particularly important.
  • the functions of the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger will also be interchanged; for example, the condenser plays the role of condensation heat exchange during cooling, while the functions of the indoor heat exchanger and outdoor heat exchanger are interchanged. When it is hot, the condenser also plays the role of evaporation and heat exchange.
  • the air-conditioning unit adopts a unified refrigerant diversion method during the cooling and heating processes, it cannot guarantee that the heat exchanger can achieve uniform diversion in both cooling and heating modes, and it cannot guarantee that the air-conditioning unit operates in a uniform manner.
  • the optimal heat exchange effect can be achieved both when operating in cooling mode and in heating mode.
  • existing air conditioning units use a unified flow splitting method when operating in cooling mode and heating mode. Based on this unified flow splitting method, in order to increase the cooling capacity and cooling energy efficiency ratio, the air conditioning unit needs to increase the subcooling capacity accordingly. , that is, the setting of subcooling tubes is increased accordingly. However, too many subcooling tubes will have a negative impact on the heating capacity and heating energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning unit; however, in order to increase the heating capacity and heating energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning unit, , then it is necessary to correspondingly reduce the setting of the subcooling tube, or even cancel the subcooling design.
  • the present invention aims to solve the above technical problem, that is, to solve the problem that it is difficult for the heat exchanger of the existing air conditioning unit to take into account both the heating performance and the cooling performance at the same time.
  • the present invention provides a heat pump air conditioning unit, the heat pump air conditioning unit includes a heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger includes a heat exchange tube group, a gas collecting pipe group and a liquid collecting pipe group,
  • the heat exchange tube group includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes, and the plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in parallel,
  • the gas collecting pipe group includes at least two gas collecting pipes, the at least two gas collecting pipes are arranged in series, and each of the gas collecting pipes is connected with at least one of the heat exchange tubes to divide the plurality of heat exchange tubes. It is a plurality of parts, and a gas collection control valve is provided between two adjacent gas collecting pipes to control the communication state between the gas collecting pipe and the heat exchange pipe of the corresponding part,
  • the liquid collecting pipe group includes a first main liquid pipe, a first liquid collecting pipe and a second liquid collecting pipe.
  • the first liquid collecting pipe and the second liquid collecting pipe are arranged in parallel and one end thereof is connected to at least one liquid collecting pipe respectively.
  • the heat exchange tubes are connected to divide the plurality of heat exchange tubes into multiple parts, and the other ends of the first liquid collecting pipe and the second liquid collecting pipe are connected to the first main liquid pipe.
  • the first main liquid pipe is provided with a liquid collecting control valve to control the communication status of the first liquid collecting pipe, the second liquid collecting pipe and the corresponding parts of the heat exchange pipes.
  • the gas collecting pipe includes a first gas collecting pipe and a second gas collecting pipe
  • the first gas collecting pipe is connected to a part of the heat exchange tubes, and the second gas collecting pipe is connected to another part of the heat exchange tubes.
  • the number of heat exchange tubes connected to the first air collecting pipe and the second air collecting pipe is equal.
  • the air collection control valve is a solenoid valve.
  • the number of the first liquid collecting pipes and the number of the second liquid collecting pipes is multiple.
  • the liquid collection control valve is a solenoid valve.
  • the liquid collecting pipe group further includes a second main liquid pipe, the second main liquid pipe is arranged in parallel with the first main liquid pipe and is connected through a liquid distributor. .
  • the present invention also provides a control method for a heat pump air conditioning unit.
  • the heat pump air conditioning unit includes a heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger includes a heat exchange tube group, a gas collecting pipe group and a liquid collecting pipe group.
  • the heat exchange tube group includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in parallel, the gas collecting tube group includes at least two gas collecting pipes, the at least two gas collecting pipes are arranged in series, and each of the The gas collecting pipe is connected with at least one of the heat exchange tubes to divide the plurality of heat exchange tubes into multiple parts.
  • a gas collecting control valve is provided between two adjacent gas collecting pipes to control the gas collecting pipes.
  • the communication state of the heat exchange tubes of the corresponding parts, the liquid collecting pipe group includes a first main liquid pipe, a first liquid collecting pipe and a second liquid collecting pipe, the first liquid collecting pipe and the second liquid collecting pipe
  • the liquid collecting pipes are arranged in parallel and one end thereof is connected to at least one of the heat exchange tubes to divide the plurality of heat exchange tubes into multiple parts.
  • the first liquid collecting pipe and the second liquid collecting pipe The other ends are connected to the first main liquid pipe, and a liquid collecting control valve is provided on the first main liquid pipe to control the first liquid collecting pipe and the second liquid collecting pipe and the corresponding parts.
  • the connection state of the heat exchange tube, the control method includes:
  • the opening and closing states of the gas collection control valve and the liquid collection control valve are controlled according to the operating mode of the heat pump air conditioning unit and/or the operating frequency of the compressor of the heat pump air conditioning unit.
  • the step of "controlling the opening and closing states of the gas collection control valve and the liquid collection control valve according to the operating mode of the heat pump air conditioning unit and/or the operating frequency of the compressor of the heat pump air conditioning unit" is specific.
  • the operating frequency of the compressor of the heat pump air conditioning unit is greater than the preset frequency, open the gas collection control valve and the liquid collection control valve; and/or
  • the gas collection control valve and the liquid collection control valve are closed.
  • the heat pump air conditioning unit of the present invention includes a heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger includes a heat exchange pipe group, a gas collecting pipe group and a liquid collecting pipe group.
  • the heat exchange pipe group includes a plurality of exchange pipes. heat pipe, the plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in parallel, the gas collecting pipe group includes at least two gas collecting pipes, the at least two gas collecting pipes are arranged in series, and each of the gas collecting pipes is connected to at least one of the heat exchangers.
  • the heat pipes are connected to divide the plurality of heat exchange tubes into multiple parts, and a gas collection control valve is provided between two adjacent gas collecting pipes to control the heat exchange between the gas collecting pipes and the corresponding parts.
  • the connection state of the pipes, the liquid collecting pipe group includes a first main liquid pipe, a first liquid collecting pipe and a second liquid collecting pipe, the first liquid collecting pipe and the second liquid collecting pipe are arranged in parallel and their One end is respectively connected with at least one of the heat exchange tubes to divide the plurality of heat exchange tubes into multiple parts, and the other ends of the first liquid collecting pipe and the second liquid collecting pipe are connected with the third liquid collecting pipe.
  • a main liquid pipe is connected, and a liquid collecting control valve is provided on the first main liquid pipe to control the communication between the first liquid collecting pipe and the second liquid collecting pipe and the corresponding parts of the heat exchange pipes. state.
  • the present invention improves the flow path of the heat exchanger so that the heat exchanger can increase the subcooling design when used as a condenser, and can eliminate subcooling when used as an evaporator. Designed so that the heat exchanger can be fully utilized when the air conditioning unit is operating in both the cooling mode and the heating mode, so as to take into account both the cooling and heating capabilities of the heat exchanger, so that the heat exchanger is always Able to achieve the best heat exchange effect.
  • the control method of the present invention can control the gas collection control valve and the liquid collection control valve according to the operating mode of the heat pump air conditioning unit and/or the operating frequency of the compressor of the heat pump air conditioning unit.
  • the opening and closing state is to realize the automatic opening and closing control of the gas collection control valve and the liquid collection control valve, so that the refrigerant can circulate according to the expected channel and flow direction, thereby effectively improving the energy efficiency of the unit.
  • the present invention can control the heat pump air conditioning unit according to the operating mode of the heat pump air conditioning unit.
  • the opening and closing status of the gas collection control valve and the liquid collection control valve can effectively solve the problem of difficulty in balancing the heating demand and cooling demand of the existing heat pump air conditioning unit. Based on this, it is possible to increase the degree of subcooling during refrigeration to improve refrigeration. Capacity and cooling effect, cancel the subcooling design during heating to improve heating capacity and heating effect, thereby effectively improving seasonal energy efficiency and achieving energy saving effects.
  • the present invention can control the opening and closing states of the gas collection control valve and the liquid collection control valve according to the operating frequency of the compressor of the heat pump air conditioning unit, thereby effectively preventing the existing heat pump air conditioning unit from working at different parts of the load.
  • the problem of limited heat exchange efficiency can be achieved, thereby increasing the flow path in the high frequency band and reducing the flow path in the low frequency band, so as to always maintain a higher refrigerant flow rate and improve the heat exchange efficiency to achieve the effect of improving energy efficiency, so as to effectively balance Heat exchange performance of heat pump air conditioning units at different frequencies.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the heat exchanger of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the main steps of the control method of the present invention.
  • the air conditioning unit of the present invention can be either a household air conditioner or a commercial air conditioner; and for example, the air conditioning unit of the present invention can be a one-to-one air conditioner or a one-to-many air conditioner.
  • the air conditioning unit of the present invention can be a one-to-one air conditioner or a one-to-many air conditioner.
  • the term "connected” should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internally connected between two elements. Connected.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • the heat pump air conditioning unit of the present invention includes an indoor unit and an outdoor unit.
  • a refrigerant circulation loop is provided between the indoor unit and the outdoor unit.
  • a refrigerant circulation loop for heat exchange between indoors and outdoors circulates.
  • Refrigerant, the refrigerant circulation loop is provided with an indoor heat exchanger, a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger and an electronic expansion valve; the indoor heat exchanger is provided in the indoor unit, and the outdoor heat exchanger
  • the refrigerant is arranged in the outdoor unit; based on this, the refrigerant continuously circulates between the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger through the refrigerant circulation loop to achieve heat exchange, and the four-way valve exchanges
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation loop is time-controlled to achieve reverse circulation, so that the air conditioner switches between the cooling working condition and the heating working condition.
  • the heat exchanger in the present invention can be used as the indoor heat
  • the heat exchanger in this embodiment as an outdoor heat exchanger as an example, refer to Figure 1.
  • the heat exchanger includes a heat exchange tube group 11, a gas collecting tube group 12 and a liquid collecting tube group 13.
  • the heat exchange tube group 11 is located in the middle of the heat exchanger, the gas collecting tube group 12 is located on the left part of the heat exchanger, and the liquid collecting tube group 13 is located on the right part of the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchange tube group 11 includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes 111.
  • the plurality of heat exchange tubes 111 are arranged in parallel.
  • the gas pipe group 12 includes at least two gas collecting pipes, the at least two gas collecting pipes are arranged in series, and each of the gas collecting pipes is connected with at least one heat exchange tube 111 to divide the plurality of heat exchange tubes 111 into multiple parts.
  • a gas collection control valve 123 is provided between two adjacent gas collecting pipes to control the communication state between the gas collecting pipes and the corresponding heat exchange tubes 111.
  • the liquid collecting pipe group 13 includes a first main liquid pipe 131,
  • the first liquid collecting pipe 132 and the second liquid collecting pipe 133 are arranged in parallel and their left ends are respectively connected with at least one heat exchange tube 111 to connect the plurality of heat exchange tubes 111 Divided into multiple parts, the right ends of the first liquid collecting pipe 132 and the second liquid collecting pipe 133 are both connected to the first main liquid pipe 131, and a liquid collecting control valve 1311 is provided on the first main liquid pipe 131 to control the second liquid collecting pipe 131.
  • the first liquid collecting pipe 132 and the second liquid collecting pipe 133 are connected to the corresponding parts of the heat exchange tubes 111 . It should be noted that the present invention does not place any restrictions on the specific number and size of the heat exchange tubes 111, the gas collecting pipes and the liquid collecting pipes, and those skilled in the art can set them by themselves according to actual needs.
  • the number of the gas collecting pipes is two.
  • the two gas collecting pipes are the first gas collecting pipe 121 and the second gas collecting pipe 122 respectively.
  • the first gas collecting pipe 121 is located above the second gas collecting pipe 122 , the first gas collecting pipe 121 is connected to the upper part of the heat exchange pipe 111, the second gas collecting pipe 122 is connected to the lower part of the heat exchange pipe 111, and the gas collecting control valve 123 is provided between the first gas collecting pipe 121 and the second gas collecting pipe 121. between the gas collecting pipes 122.
  • the present invention does not place any restrictions on the specific type of the gas collection control valve 123. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual use requirements; preferably, the gas collection control valve 123 is a solenoid valve to effectively ensure the control. reliability.
  • the first gas collecting pipe 121 located above is connected to the heat exchange tube 111 located in the upper half
  • the second gas collecting pipe 122 located below is connected to the heat exchange tube 111 located in the lower half, that is, , the lengths of the first gas collecting pipe 121 and the second gas collecting pipe 122 are equal and the number of connected heat exchange tubes 111 is equal.
  • the above arrangement is only a preferred arrangement and is not restrictive.
  • the present invention does not place any restrictions on the specific number and length of the heat exchange tubes 111 connecting the first gas collecting pipe 121 and the second gas collecting pipe 122. Skills in the art Personnel can set it themselves according to actual usage needs.
  • first liquid collecting pipes 132 and second liquid collecting pipes 133 there are multiple first liquid collecting pipes 132 and second liquid collecting pipes 133, and the plurality of first liquid collecting pipes 132 are arranged in parallel.
  • a plurality of second liquid collecting pipes 133 are arranged in parallel and are connected to the first main liquid pipe 131 respectively, so that Effectively ensure the length of the heat exchange path and ensure the heat exchange efficiency.
  • this is only a preferred setting method, but it is not a limiting setting method, and those skilled in the art can also set it themselves according to actual usage requirements.
  • the liquid collecting tube group 13 also includes a second main liquid pipe 134 , the left end of the second main liquid pipe 134 is connected with the plurality of heat exchange tubes 111 , and the second main liquid pipe 134 is in a straight line with the first main liquid pipe 131 . They are arranged in parallel, and their right ends are connected with the first main liquid pipe 131 through the liquid distributor 135 to form a liquid collection pipeline. It should be noted that the present invention does not place any restrictions on the specific size and specific connection position of the second main liquid pipe 134, and those skilled in the art can set it themselves according to actual usage requirements.
  • the heat exchanger also includes two fans (not shown in the figure), and the two fans are respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts of the heat exchanger to effectively improve the heat exchange efficiency. It should be noted that this utility model does not place any restrictions on the specific number, location and type of the fans, and technicians can set them by themselves according to actual use needs.
  • the heat pump air conditioning unit of the present invention also includes a controller, which can obtain the operating mode of the heat pump air conditioning unit and the operating frequency of the compressor of the heat pump air conditioning unit, and the controller can also control the operation mode of the heat pump air conditioning unit.
  • the operating status of the air conditioning unit includes, for example, controlling the opening and closing status of the air collection control valve 123 and the liquid collection control valve 1311.
  • the controller can be the original controller of the air conditioning unit, or it can be a controller designed to implement the present invention.
  • the control method is independently set for the controller, and technicians can set the structure and model of the controller according to actual needs.
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of the main steps of the control method of the present invention.
  • the control method of the present invention mainly includes the following steps:
  • S2 Control the opening and closing status of the gas collection control valve and the liquid collection control valve according to the operating mode of the heat pump air conditioning unit and/or the operating frequency of the compressor of the heat pump air conditioning unit.
  • step S1 the controller can obtain the operating mode of the heat pump air-conditioning unit and/or the operating frequency of the compressor of the heat pump air-conditioning unit, so as to adjust the temperature according to the heat pump air conditioning unit.
  • the operating mode of the pump air conditioning unit and/or the operating frequency of the compressor of the heat pump air conditioning unit are subsequently controlled accordingly. It should be noted that the present invention does not place any restrictions on the specific manner in which the controller obtains the operating mode of the heat pump air conditioning unit and the operating frequency of the compressor of the heat pump air conditioning unit. Those skilled in the art can make their own decisions based on actual needs. set up.
  • step S2 the controller can control the opening of the gas collection control valve 123 and the liquid collection control valve 1311 according to the operating mode of the heat pump air conditioning unit and/or the operating frequency of the compressor of the heat pump air conditioning unit. closed state.
  • the present invention does not place any restrictions on the above-mentioned specific control methods. Those skilled in the art can set them according to actual usage requirements, as long as they are based on the operating mode of the heat pump air conditioning unit and/or the compressor of the heat pump air conditioning unit.
  • the operating frequency controlling the opening and closing states of the gas collection control valve 123 and the liquid collection control valve 1311 falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the present invention can realize automatic opening and closing control of the gas collection control valve and the liquid collection control valve, so that the refrigerant can circulate according to the expected channel and flow direction, thereby effectively improving the energy efficiency of the unit.
  • the gas collection control valve and the gas collection control valve are controlled according to the operating mode of the heat pump air conditioning unit and/or the operating frequency of the compressor of the heat pump air conditioning unit.
  • the opening and closing state of the liquid control valve that is, the above-mentioned step S2 specifically includes: if the heat pump air-conditioning unit is operating in heating mode, opening the gas collection control valve 123 and the liquid collection control valve 1311; if the heat pump air-conditioning unit When running the cooling mode, the gas collection control valve 123 and the liquid collection control valve 1311 are closed.
  • the present invention can control the opening and closing status of the gas collection control valve 123 and the liquid collection control valve 1311 according to the operating mode of the heat pump air conditioning unit, thereby effectively solving the problem of difficult to balance the heating demand and cooling demand of the existing heat pump air conditioning unit.
  • step S2 may also specifically include: If the heat pump If the operating frequency of the compressor of the air conditioning unit is greater than the preset frequency, the gas collection control valve 123 and the liquid collection control valve 1311 are opened; if the operating frequency of the compressor of the heat pump air conditioning unit is less than or equal to the preset frequency, the gas collection control valve 123 and the liquid collection control valve 1311 are closed. The gas collection control valve 123 and the liquid collection control valve 1311.
  • the present invention can control the opening and closing states of the gas collection control valve 123 and the liquid collection control valve 1311 according to the operating frequency of the compressor of the heat pump air conditioning unit, thereby effectively avoiding
  • the problem of limited heat exchange efficiency of existing heat pump air conditioning units under different partial load conditions can be achieved by increasing the flow path in the high frequency band and reducing the flow path in the low frequency band, so that a high refrigerant flow rate can always be maintained and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.
  • it can effectively take into account the heat exchange performance of the heat pump air conditioning unit at different frequencies.

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Abstract

一种热泵空调机组及其控制方法，能同时兼顾制热性能和制冷性能。热泵空调机组的换热器包括换热管组（11）、集气管组（12）和集液管组（13），换热管组（11）包括多个并联设置的换热管（111），集气管组（12）包括至少两个串联设置的集气管，集气管与换热管（111）相连通，相邻的两个集气管之间设置有集气控制阀（123）以控制其与相应部分的换热管（111）的连通状态，集液管组（13）包括第一主液管（131）以及并联设置的第一集液管（132）和第二集液管（133），第一集液管（132）和第二集液管（133）的两端分别与换热管和第一主液管（131）相连通，并且第一主液管（131）上设置有集液控制阀（1311）以控制第一集液管（132）和第二集液管（133）与相应部分的换热管（111）的连通状态，以便有效提升换热能效。

Description

热泵空调机组及其控制方法
本申请要求2022年5月25日提交的、发明名称为“热泵空调机组及其控制方法”的中国专利申请CN202210583621.1的优先权，上述中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用并入本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于换热技术领域，具体提供一种热泵空调机组及其控制方法。
背景技术
随着空调机组日益普及，用户对空调机组的综合性能也提出了越来越高的要求；特别是对于空调机组的换热性能，其直接影响到空调机组的综合能耗，而换热器的换热效率又会直接影响整个空调机组的换热性能，因而其显得尤为重要。然而，由于空调机组在制冷模式和制热模式之间转换的过程中，室内换热器和室外换热器的功能也会发生互换；例如，制冷时冷凝器起冷凝换热作用，而制热时冷凝器又是起蒸发换热作用。基于此，如果空调机组在制冷过程和制热过程中采用统一的冷媒分流方式，则不能保证换热器在制冷模式和制热模式中都能够实现均匀分流的效果，也就不能保证空调机组在运行制冷模式和运行制热模式时都能够达到最优的换热效果。
具体而言，现有空调机组在运行制冷模式和运行制热模式时均采用统一的分流方式，基于这种统一的分流方式，空调机组为了提高制冷量和制冷能效比，则需要相应增加过冷，即，相应增加过冷管的设置，但是，过冷管设置过多又会对空调机组的制热能力和制热能效比产生不良影响；然而，空调机组为了提高制热量和制热能效比，则又需要相应减少过冷管的设置，甚至是取消过冷设计。因此，在设计换热器时，为了提升制冷能力和能效，就必然要牺牲部分制热性能，而为了提升制热性 能，又必然需要减少过冷设计，相应也就会牺牲部分制冷性能，这是一个矛盾的问题。
相应地，本领域需要一种新的热泵空调机组及其控制方法来解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决上述技术问题，即，解决现有空调机组的换热器难以同时兼顾制热性能和制冷性能的问题。
在第一方面，本发明提供一种热泵空调机组，所述热泵空调机组包括换热器，所述换热器包括换热管组、集气管组和集液管组，
所述换热管组包括多个换热管，所述多个换热管呈并联设置，
所述集气管组包括至少两个集气管，所述至少两个集气管呈串联设置，并且每个所述集气管与至少一个所述换热管相连通以将所述多个换热管划分为多个部分，相邻的两个所述集气管之间设置有集气控制阀以控制所述集气管与相应部分的所述换热管的连通状态，
所述集液管组包括第一主液管、第一集液管和第二集液管，所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管呈并联设置且其一端分别与至少一个所述换热管相连通以将所述多个换热管划分为多个部分，所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管的另一端均与所述第一主液管相连通，并且所述第一主液管上设置有集液控制阀以控制所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管与相应部分的所述换热管的连通状态。
在上述热泵空调机组的优选技术方案中，所述集气管包括第一集气管和第二集气管，
所述第一集气管与一部分所述换热管相连通，并且所述第二集气管与另一部分所述换热管相连通。
在上述热泵空调机组的优选技术方案中，所述第一集气管和所述第二集气管连通的所述换热管的数量相等。
在上述热泵空调机组的优选技术方案中，所述集气控制阀为电磁阀。
在上述热泵空调机组的优选技术方案中，所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管的数量均为多个。
在上述热泵空调机组的优选技术方案中，所述集液控制阀为电磁阀。
在上述热泵空调机组的优选技术方案中，所述集液管组还包括第二主液管，所述第二主液管与所述第一主液管呈并联设置且通过分液器相连通。
在第二方面，本发明还提供一种热泵空调机组的控制方法，所述热泵空调机组包括换热器，所述换热器包括换热管组、集气管组和集液管组，所述换热管组包括多个换热管，所述多个换热管呈并联设置，所述集气管组包括至少两个集气管，所述至少两个集气管呈串联设置，并且每个所述集气管与至少一个所述换热管相连通以将所述多个换热管划分为多个部分，相邻的两个所述集气管之间设置有集气控制阀以控制所述集气管与相应部分的所述换热管的连通状态，所述集液管组包括第一主液管、第一集液管和第二集液管，所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管呈并联设置且其一端分别与至少一个所述换热管相连通以将所述多个换热管划分为多个部分，所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管的另一端均与所述第一主液管相连通，并且所述第一主液管上设置有集液控制阀以控制所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管与相应部分的所述换热管的连通状态，所述控制方法包括：
获取所述热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率；
根据所述热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率，控制所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀的开闭状态。
在上述控制方法的优选技术方案中，在所述换热器为室外换热器的情形下，“根据所述热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率，控制所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀的开闭状态”的步骤具体包括：
如果所述热泵空调机组运行制热工况，则开启所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀；并且/或者
如果所述热泵空调机组运行制冷工况，则关闭所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀。
在上述控制方法的优选技术方案中，在所述换热器为室外换热器的 情形下，“根据所述热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率，控制所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀的开闭状态”的步骤具体包括：
如果所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率大于预设频率，则开启所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀；并且/或者
如果所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率小于或等于所述预设频率，则关闭所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀。
在采用上述技术方案的情况下，本发明的热泵空调机组包括换热器，所述换热器包括换热管组、集气管组和集液管组，所述换热管组包括多个换热管，所述多个换热管呈并联设置，所述集气管组包括至少两个集气管，所述至少两个集气管呈串联设置，并且每个所述集气管与至少一个所述换热管相连通以将所述多个换热管划分为多个部分，相邻的两个所述集气管之间设置有集气控制阀以控制所述集气管与相应部分的所述换热管的连通状态，所述集液管组包括第一主液管、第一集液管和第二集液管，所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管呈并联设置且其一端分别与至少一个所述换热管相连通以将所述多个换热管划分为多个部分，所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管的另一端均与所述第一主液管相连通，并且所述第一主液管上设置有集液控制阀以控制所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管与相应部分的所述换热管的连通状态。基于上述结构设置，本发明通过改进所述换热器的流路，以使所述换热器在用作冷凝器时能够加大过冷设计，而在用作蒸发器时又能够取消过冷设计，从而使得所述换热器在空调机组运行制冷模式和制热模式时均能够得到充分利用，以便同时兼顾所述换热器的制冷能力和制热能力，进而使得所述换热器始终能够达到最佳的换热效果。
基于上述结构设置，本发明的控制方法能够根据所述热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率，控制所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀的开闭状态，以便实现所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀的自动开闭控制，从而使得冷媒能够按照预期的通道和流向进行循环，进而有效提升机组能效。
进一步地，本发明能够根据所述热泵空调机组的运行模式控制所述 集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀的开闭状态，从而有效解决现有热泵空调机组的制热需求和制冷需求难以兼顾的问题，基于此，实现制冷时加大过冷度以提高制冷量和制冷效果，制热时取消过冷设计以提高制热能力和制热效果，进而有效提升季节能效，实现节能效果。
进一步地，本发明能够根据所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率控制所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀的开闭状态，从而有效避免现有热泵空调机组在不同部分负荷工况下换热效率受限的问题，进而实现高频段增加流路，低频段减少流路的效果，以便始终能够保持较高的冷媒流速，提升换热效率以达到提升能效的效果，以有效兼顾热泵空调机组在不同频率的换热性能。
附图说明
下面结合附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式，附图中：
图1是本发明的换热器的整体结构示意图；
图2是本发明的控制方法的主要步骤流程图；
附图标记：
11、换热管组；111、换热管；
12、集气管组；121、第一集气管；122、第二集气管；123、集气控
制阀；
13、集液管组；131、第一主液管；1311、集液控制阀；132、第一
集液管；133、第二集液管；134、第二主液管；135、分液器。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其作出调整，以便适应具体的应用场合。例如，本发明的空调机组既可以是家用空调，也可以是商用空调；又例如，本发明的空调机组既可以是一拖一空调，也可以是一拖多的空调。这种应用对象的改变并不偏离本发明的基本原理，应当属于本发明的保护范围。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中”、“竖直”等指示的方向或位置关系的术语是基于附图所示的方向或位置关系，这仅仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所述装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”应做广义理解，例如，可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，还可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。尽管本申请中按照特定顺序描述了本发明的控制方法的各个步骤，但是这些顺序并不是限制性的，在不偏离本发明的基本原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以按照不同的顺序来执行所述步骤。
具体地，本发明的热泵空调机组包括室内机和室外机，所述室内机和所述室外机之间设置有冷媒循环回路，所述冷媒循环回路中流通有用于在室内和室外进行换热的冷媒，所述冷媒循环回路上设置有室内换热器、压缩机、四通阀、室外换热器和电子膨胀阀；所述室内换热器设置在所述室内机中，所述室外换热器设置在所述室外机中；基于此，冷媒通过所述冷媒循环回路在所述室内换热器和所述室外换热器之间不断循环流通，以实现换热，所述四通阀换向时控制所述冷媒循环回路中的冷媒实现逆循环，以使所述空调器在制冷工况和制热工况之间转换。需要说明的是，本发明不对所述空调器的具体结构作任何限制，本发明中的换热器可以用作所述室内换热器，也可以用作所述室外换热器，技术人员可以根据实际使用需求自行设定。
以本实施例中的换热器用作室外换热器时为例，参阅图1，如图1所示，所述换热器包括换热管组11、集气管组12和集液管组13，参阅图1中的方位，换热管组11位于所述换热器的中部，集气管组12位于所述换热器的左部，集液管组13位于所述换热器的右部；当然，这种具体设置方位并不是限制性的，本领域技术人员可以根据实际使用需求自行调整。换热管组11包括多个换热管111，多个换热管111呈并联设置，集 气管组12包括至少两个集气管，所述至少两个集气管呈串联设置，并且每个所述集气管与至少一个换热管111相连通以将多个换热管111划分为多个部分，相邻的两个所述集气管之间设置有集气控制阀123以控制所述集气管与相应部分的换热管111的连通状态，集液管组13包括第一主液管131、第一集液管132和第二集液管133，第一集液管132和第二集液管133呈并联设置且左端分别与至少一个换热管111相连通以将多个换热管111划分为多个部分，第一集液管132和第二集液管133的右端均与第一主液管131相连通，并且第一主液管131上设置有集液控制阀1311以控制第一集液管132和第二集液管133与相应部分的换热管111的连通状态。需要说明的是，本发明不对换热管111、所述集气管和所述集液管的具体设置数量和尺寸作任何限制，本领域技术人员可以根据实际使用需求自行设定。
在本优选实施例中，所述集气管的数量为两个，两个所述集气管分别为第一集气管121和第二集气管122，第一集气管121位于第二集气管122的上方，第一集气管121与位于上部的部分换热管111相连通，第二集气管122与位于下部的部分换热管111相连通，集气控制阀123设置于第一集气管121和第二集气管122之间。需要说明的是，本发明不对集气控制阀123的具体类型作任何限制，本领域技术人员可以根据实际使用需求自行设定；优选地，集气控制阀123为电磁阀，以有效保证控制的可靠性。
作为一种优选连通方式，位于上方的第一集气管121与位于上半部的换热管111相连通，位于下方的第二集气管122与位于下半部的换热管111相连通，即，第一集气管121和第二集气管122的长度相等且连通的换热管111的数量相等。当然，上述设置方式仅是一种优选设置方式而并非限制性的，本发明不对第一集气管121和第二集气管122连通的换热管111的具体数量和长度作任何限制，本领域技术人员可以根据实际使用需求自行设定。
继续参阅图1，如图1所示，在本优选实施例中，第一集液管132和第二集液管133的数量均为多个，多个第一集液管132呈并联设置，多个第二集液管133呈并联设置，再分别与第一主液管131相连通，以便 有效保证换热路径的长度，保证换热效率。当然，这仅是一种优选的设置方式，但并不是限制性的设置方式，本领域技术人员也可以根据实际使用需求自行设定。
进一步地，集液管组13还包括第二主液管134，第二主液管134的左端与多个换热管111相连通，并且第二主液管134与第一主液管131呈并联设置，其右端通过分液器135与第一主液管131相连通而汇集成一条集液管路。需要说明的是，本发明不对第二主液管134的具体尺寸和具体连接位置作任何限制，本领域技术人员可以根据实际使用需求自行设定。
此外，所述换热器还包括两个风机(图中未示出)，两个所述风机分别设置于所述换热器的上部和下部，以便有效提升换热效率。需要说明的是，本实用新型不对所述风机的具体设置数量、设置位置和类型作任何限制，技术人员可以根据实际使用需求自行设定。
进一步地，本发明的热泵空调机组还包括控制器，所述控制器能够获取所述热泵空调机组的运行模式和所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率，并且所述控制器还能够控制所述空调机组的运行状态，例如，控制集气控制阀123和集液控制阀1311的开闭状态等。本领域技术人员能够理解的是，本发明不对所述控制器的具体结构和型号作任何限制，并且所述控制器可以是所述空调机组原有的控制器，也可以是为执行本发明的控制方法单独设置的控制器，技术人员可以根据实际使用需求自行设定所述控制器的结构和型号。
接着参阅图2，该图是本发明的控制方法的主要步骤流程图。如图2所示，基于上述实施例中所述的空调机组，本发明的控制方法主要包括下列步骤：
S1：获取热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率；
S2：根据热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率，控制集气控制阀和集液控制阀的开闭状态。
进一步地，在步骤S1中，所述控制器能够获取所述热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率，以便根据所述热 泵空调机组的运行模式和/或所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率进行后续的相应控制。需要说明的是，本发明不对所述控制器获取所述热泵空调机组的运行模式和所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率的具体方式作任何限制，本领域技术人员可以根据实际使用需求自行设定。
进一步地，在步骤S2中，所述控制器能够根据所述热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率控制集气控制阀123和集液控制阀1311的开闭状态。需要说明的是，本发明不对上述具体控制方式作任何限制，本领域技术人员可以根据实际使用需求自行设定，只要根据所述热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率控制集气控制阀123和集液控制阀1311的开闭状态就属于本发明的保护范围。
基于上述控制方式，本发明能够实现所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀的自动开闭控制，从而使得冷媒能够按照预期的通道和流向进行循环，进而有效提升机组能效。
继续参阅图1，参照图1中的方位，在所述换热器为室外换热器的情形下，如果所述热泵空调机组运行制冷模式，则冷媒从左下端的口进入所述换热器中并从右下端的口流出所述换热器，如果所述热泵空调机组运行制热模式，则冷媒从右下端的口进入所述换热器中并从左下端的口流出所述换热器。
作为一种优选控制方式，在所述换热器为室外换热器的情形下，“根据热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率，控制集气控制阀和集液控制阀的开闭状态”的步骤，即上述步骤S2具体包括：如果所述热泵空调机组运行制热工况，则开启集气控制阀123和集液控制阀1311；如果所述热泵空调机组运行制冷工况，则关闭集气控制阀123和集液控制阀1311。基于此，本发明能够根据所述热泵空调机组的运行模式控制集气控制阀123和集液控制阀1311的开闭状态，从而有效解决现有热泵空调机组的制热需求和制冷需求难以兼顾的问题，实现制冷时加大过冷度以提高制冷量和制冷效果，制热时取消过冷设计以提高制热能力和制热效果，进而有效提升季节能效，实现节能效果。
作为一种优选控制方式，在所述换热器为室外换热器的情形下，“根 据热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率，控制集气控制阀和集液控制阀的开闭状态”的步骤，即步骤S2还可以具体包括：如果所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率大于预设频率，则开启集气控制阀123和集液控制阀1311；如果所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率小于或等于所述预设频率，则关闭集气控制阀123和集液控制阀1311。基于此，本发明能够根据所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率控制集气控制阀123和集液控制阀1311的开闭状态，从而有效避免现有热泵空调机组在不同部分负荷工况下换热效率受限的问题，进而实现高频段增加流路，低频段减少流路的效果，以便始终能够保持较高的冷媒流速，提升换热效率以达到提升能效的效果，以有效兼顾热泵空调机组在不同频率的换热性能。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种热泵空调机组，其特征在于，所述热泵空调机组包括换热器，所述换热器包括换热管组、集气管组和集液管组，
    所述换热管组包括多个换热管，所述多个换热管呈并联设置，
    所述集气管组包括至少两个集气管，所述至少两个集气管呈串联设置，并且每个所述集气管与至少一个所述换热管相连通以将所述多个换热管划分为多个部分，相邻的两个所述集气管之间设置有集气控制阀以控制所述集气管与相应部分的所述换热管的连通状态，
    所述集液管组包括第一主液管、第一集液管和第二集液管，所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管呈并联设置且其一端分别与至少一个所述换热管相连通以将所述多个换热管划分为多个部分，所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管的另一端均与所述第一主液管相连通，并且所述第一主液管上设置有集液控制阀以控制所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管与相应部分的所述换热管的连通状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的热泵空调机组，其特征在于，所述集气管包括第一集气管和第二集气管，
    所述第一集气管与一部分所述换热管相连通，并且所述第二集气管与另一部分所述换热管相连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的热泵空调机组，其特征在于，所述第一集气管和所述第二集气管连通的所述换热管的数量相等。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的热泵空调机组，其特征在于，所述集气控制阀为电磁阀。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的热泵空调机组，其特征在于，所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管的数量均为多个。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的热泵空调机组，其特征在于，所述集液控制阀为电磁阀。
  7. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的热泵空调机组，其特征在于，所述集液管组还包括第二主液管，所述第二主液管与所述第一主液管呈并联设置且通过分液器相连通。
  8. 一种热泵空调机组的控制方法，其特征在于，所述热泵空调机组包括换热器，所述换热器包括换热管组、集气管组和集液管组，所述换热管组包括多个换热管，所述多个换热管呈并联设置，所述集气管组包括至少两个集气管，所述至少两个集气管呈串联设置，并且每个所述集气管与至少一个所述换热管相连通以将所述多个换热管划分为多个部分，相邻的两个所述集气管之间设置有集气控制阀以控制所述集气管与相应部分的所述换热管的连通状态，所述集液管组包括第一主液管、第一集液管和第二集液管，所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管呈并联设置且其一端分别与至少一个所述换热管相连通以将所述多个换热管划分为多个部分，所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管的另一端均与所述第一主液管相连通，并且所述第一主液管上设置有集液控制阀以控制所述第一集液管和所述第二集液管与相应部分的所述换热管的连通状态，所述控制方法包括：
    获取所述热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率；
    根据所述热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率，控制所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀的开闭状态。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的控制方法，其特征在于，在所述换热器为室外换热器的情形下，“根据所述热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率，控制所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀的开闭状态”的步骤具体包括：
    如果所述热泵空调机组运行制热工况，则开启所述集气控制阀和所 述集液控制阀；并且/或者
    如果所述热泵空调机组运行制冷工况，则关闭所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的控制方法，其特征在于，在所述换热器为室外换热器的情形下，“根据所述热泵空调机组的运行模式和/或所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率，控制所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀的开闭状态”的步骤具体包括：
    如果所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率大于预设频率，则开启所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀；并且/或者
    如果所述热泵空调机组的压缩机的运行频率小于或等于所述预设频率，则关闭所述集气控制阀和所述集液控制阀。
PCT/CN2023/074347 2022-05-25 2023-02-03 热泵空调机组及其控制方法 WO2023226469A1 (zh)

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