WO2023221523A1 - 矩阵电机单元结构及矩阵电机 - Google Patents
矩阵电机单元结构及矩阵电机 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023221523A1 WO2023221523A1 PCT/CN2022/142901 CN2022142901W WO2023221523A1 WO 2023221523 A1 WO2023221523 A1 WO 2023221523A1 CN 2022142901 W CN2022142901 W CN 2022142901W WO 2023221523 A1 WO2023221523 A1 WO 2023221523A1
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- Prior art keywords
- motor
- motor unit
- matrix
- yoke
- stator
- Prior art date
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 90
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular provides a matrix motor unit and a matrix motor having the structure of the matrix motor unit.
- the motor is composed of a stator and a rotor. There are stator slots on the stator, and windings are wound on the stator slots. By passing current through each winding of the stator, the stator generates a rotating magnetic field vector, and the rotating magnetic field attracts the rotor to rotate. Finally, the motor output torque is achieved.
- the torque density of the motor is equal to the ratio of the motor's torque to the motor's volume, or the ratio of the motor's torque to the motor's weight. Therefore, the output torque of the motor can be increased by increasing the torque density.
- the usual measures are to add permanent magnets to the rotor, or to increase the number of magnetic poles of the rotor, or to increase the current flowing into the winding.
- the space of the stator slot is limited, the magnetic permeability of the stator and rotor also has an upper limit, and the stator may be burned if the current is too high. Therefore, the improvement of the motor torque density is limited.
- two or more motors are connected through a transmission mechanism to increase the total output torque of the motors.
- this also increases the overall volume and weight of the motor system.
- the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a matrix motor unit structure, aiming to solve the problem of limited output torque improvement of the existing motor.
- embodiments of the present application provide a matrix motor unit structure, including at least two motor units, each of which is connected in an array in the same plane and enclosed to form a main structure of the motor, so that each motor unit can
- the central axis of the torque output shaft of the motor unit is symmetrical with respect to the geometric center of the motor main structure.
- the matrix motor unit structure provided by the present application includes more than two motor elements.
- the motor elements can work independently.
- Each motor element is connected in an array in the same plane to form the main structure of the motor.
- the main structure of the motor has a geometric center, that is, the outline of the main structure of the motor is Symmetrically, in this way, the central axis of the torque output shaft of each motor unit is symmetrical with respect to the geometric center of the main structure of the motor. Or, when the central axis of the torque output shaft of one motor unit coincides with the geometric center of the motor main structure, then the central axis of the torque output shaft of the remaining motor units coincides with the geometric center of the motor main structure. symmetry.
- the motor elements of the matrix motor unit structure of the present application are on the same plane and arranged more compactly, and the structures of the motor elements can be shared, thereby further reducing the overall volume and weight.
- each motor element can be separated
- the torque output shaft is connected through the transmission structure to obtain higher output torque.
- the main structure of the motor includes a dedicated stator yoke, dedicated stator teeth provided on the dedicated stator yoke, a dedicated winding wound around the dedicated stator teeth, a common stator yoke, Common stator teeth provided on the common stator yoke, common windings wound around the common stator teeth, and several rotors corresponding to the individual stator teeth and/or the common stator teeth, the There is a magnetic circuit coupling between the independent stator yoke, the independent stator teeth and the independent winding and the other motor elements, and the common stator yoke, the common stator teeth and the common winding are connected to at least one of them
- the motor element has magnetic circuit coupling.
- the motor main structure further includes a compensation winding, and the compensation winding is provided on the common stator teeth and/or the common stator yoke.
- the main structure of the motor further includes a compensation winding, and the compensation winding is provided on the individual tooth teeth and/or the individual stator yoke.
- each motor unit is independent
- the common stator yoke includes a first yoke portion formed by splicing two adjacent independent stator yokes.
- the internal spaces surrounded by the stators of each of the motor units are connected, and the common stator yoke includes a second yoke portion used to share the stator yoke portions of each of the motor units.
- the common stator yoke further includes a third yoke portion located between the rotors of two adjacent motor units and not connected to the stators of the motor units, and the third yoke portion is The two opposite ends of the three-yoke part are respectively provided with the common stator teeth facing the rotor of the corresponding motor unit.
- the main structure of the motor further includes a flux-adjusting bridge, and opposite ends of the flux-adjusting bridge are respectively connected to the two third yokes;
- opposite ends of the magnetizing bridge are respectively connected to one of the second yoke parts and one of the third yoke parts.
- the common stator yoke further includes a fourth yoke portion disposed between the rotors of adjacent motor units and not connected to the stators of the motor units, and the third yoke portion is The four-yoke part has two first sub-sections opposite to the rotors of the two adjacent motor units and a second sub-section opposite to the rotors of the motor unit at the center position, and the two The first sub-section is respectively connected to two opposite ends of the second sub-section.
- the main structure of the motor further includes a magnet adjustment block, which surrounds the rotor of the motor element at the center and corresponds to the second subsection.
- embodiments of the present application also provide a matrix motor, including the matrix motor unit structure described above.
- the matrix motor provided by the present application based on the above-mentioned matrix motor unit structure, can obtain a higher output torque upper limit.
- Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
- Figure 2 is a composite diagram of the B-phase winding coupling vector of the second motor unit of the matrix motor unit structure in Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
- Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
- Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 5 of the present application.
- Figure 7 is a front view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 6 of the present application.
- Figure 8 is a front view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 7 of the present application.
- Figure 9 is a front view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 8 of the present application.
- Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 9 of the present application.
- Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 10 of the present application.
- Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 11 of the present application.
- Figure 13 is a front view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 12 of the present application.
- Figure 14 is a front view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 13 of the present application.
- Figure 15 is a front view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 14 of the present application.
- Figure 16 is a front view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 15 of the present application.
- Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 16 of the present application.
- Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 17 of the present application.
- Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of the matrix motor unit structure provided in Embodiment 18 of the present application.
- Matrix motor unit structure 10. Motor main structure; 10a. Motor element; 11. Individual stator yoke; 12. Individual stator teeth; 13. Individual windings; 14. Common stator yoke; 15. Common stator teeth; 16. Common winding; 17. Rotor; 21. Compensation winding; 22. Compensation winding; 141. First yoke; 142. Second yoke; 143. Third yoke; 30. Magnetizing bridge; 144. Fourth Yoke part; 14a, first sub-section; 14b, second sub-section; 40, magnet adjustment block; 18, common permanent magnet; 19, independent permanent magnet.
- first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
- plurality means two or more than two, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.
- connection In this application, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixing” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements.
- connection connection
- fixing and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements.
- the matrix motor unit structure 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application includes at least two motor units 10a.
- Each motor unit 10a is connected in an array in the same plane.
- the motor main structure 10 is enclosed and formed so that the central axis of the torque output shaft of each motor unit 10 a is symmetrical with respect to the geometric center of the motor main structure 10 .
- the outline of the motor main structure 10 is symmetrical, so that when each motor unit 10a outputs torque, the overall structure is symmetrically stressed to achieve stable output requirements.
- the geometric center of the motor main structure 10 may be the center of a circle, the center of gravity, or the intersection of diagonals of the structure.
- each motor unit 10a is connected in an array in the same plane.
- the connection can be a fixed connection, such as welding, one-piece molding, etc., or a detachable connection, such as a threaded connection. , card connection and plug-in connection, etc.
- part of the structure can be shared between the motor units 10a. In this way, the overall volume of the motor main structure 10 can be smaller and the overall weight can be lighter to obtain higher torque density and thereby obtain Higher output torque upper limit.
- the central axis of the torque output shaft of one motor unit 10a coincides with the geometric center of the motor main structure 10.
- the central axes of the torque output shafts of the remaining motor units 10 a are relatively symmetrical with respect to the geometric center of the motor main structure 10 .
- the outer shape of the hub of the motor unit 10a is a regular hexagon, and the stator sides of the two regular hexagonal motor units 10a are connected, that is, a parallel array is used.
- the outer outline of the combined motor main structure 10 is a regular hexagon, and the geometric center of the motor main structure 10 is the center of the regular hexagon.
- the outer hub of the motor unit 10a is an equilateral triangle, and the stator sides of six regular hexagonal motor units 10a are connected, that is, in an annular array manner.
- the outer outline of the combined motor main structure 10 is a regular hexagon, and the geometric center of the motor main structure 10 is the center of the regular hexagon.
- the outline of the motor unit 10a is an equilateral triangle, and the stator sides of the four equilateral triangle motor units 10a are connected in sequence, that is, arranged side by side and alternately.
- the outer outline of the combined motor main structure 10 is a parallelogram, and the geometric center of the motor main structure 10 is located at the intersection of the diagonals of the parallelogram.
- the outer shape of the hub of the motor unit 10a is a regular hexagon, and the stator sides of the above six motor units 10a are connected, that is, arranged in an annular array.
- the outer outline of the combined motor main structure 10 is an octagonal shape, and the central axis of the torque output shaft of the remaining motor unit 10a is located at the center of the octagonal shape.
- a matrix motor unit structure 100 can be composed of more than two motor main structures 10.
- the matrix motor unit structure 100 is formed by stacking three motor main structures 10. The stacking The direction is perpendicular to the layout direction of each motor main structure 10. Then, an output shaft is set at the geometric center of each motor main structure 10, and the output shafts are connected.
- the matrix motor unit structure 100 provided by this application includes more than two motor units 10a.
- the motor units 10a can work independently.
- Each motor unit 10a is connected in an array in the same plane to form a motor main structure 10.
- the motor main structure 10 has a geometric center, that is, the motor main structure 10
- the outline of the motor unit 10a is symmetrical, so that the central axis of the torque output shaft of each motor unit 10a is symmetrical with respect to the geometric center of the motor main structure 10.
- the central axis of the torque output shaft of one motor unit 10a coincides with the geometric center of the motor main structure 10
- the central axis of the torque output shaft of the remaining motor units 10a is relative to the geometric center of the motor main structure.
- the center is symmetrical.
- the motor units 10a of the matrix motor unit structure 100 of the present application are on the same plane and arranged more compactly, and the motor units 10a can also share a common structure, thereby further reducing the overall volume and weight, and then The torque output shafts of each motor unit 10a are connected through a transmission structure to obtain higher output torque.
- the motor unit 10a itself includes a stator part and a rotor part. However, when each motor unit 10a is assembled on the same plane to form a corresponding motor main structure 10, the stator parts of adjacent motor units 10a are independent. Use, or joint use, below, the stator parts used independently and the stator parts used jointly are defined as follows:
- the motor main structure 10 includes an independent stator yoke 11 , independent stator teeth 12 , independent windings 13 , a common stator yoke 14 , common stator teeth 15 , a common winding 16 and several rotors 17 .
- the number of rotors 17 corresponds to the number of motor units 10a, and there is magnetic circuit coupling between the dedicated stator yoke 11, dedicated stator teeth 12, and dedicated winding 13 with other motor components 10a, and the common stator yoke 14, The common stator teeth 15 and the common winding 16 are magnetically coupled with at least one of the motor units 10a.
- the magnetic circuit coupling phenomenon is the superposition of magnetic fields on the corresponding windings or stator teeth after two adjacent motor units 10a are energized. Magnetic circuit coupling usually occurs on the stator, and the rotor 17 has less influence. Therefore, the type of the rotor 1 can be adjusted according to the needs of use. For example, it can be a permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor, an induction motor rotor, a brushless DC motor rotor, etc.
- the individual stator teeth 12 are provided on the individual stator yoke 11 , and the individual winding 13 is wound around the individual stator teeth 12 .
- the common stator teeth 15 are provided on the common stator yoke 14 , and the common winding 16 is wound around the common winding 16 on the common stator teeth 15 .
- the motor unit 10a on the left in Figure 1 is the first motor unit
- the motor unit 10a on the right is the first motor unit.
- the motor unit 10a is a second motor unit.
- the B-phase winding and C-phase winding of the first motor unit are coupled with the B-phase winding and C-phase winding of the second motor unit. That is, the C-phase winding of the first motor unit generates The magnetic field will enter the B-phase winding of the second motor unit, and the magnetic field generated by the C-phase winding of the second motor unit will enter the B-phase winding of the first motor unit.
- the respective B-phase windings and C-phase windings of the first motor unit and the second motor unit not only have the magnetic field of their own motor units flow through, but also the magnetic field of the other side flows through them. Therefore, the motor teeth with coupling phenomenon are common stators. Tooth 15, the winding with coupling phenomenon is the common winding 16, and the motor yoke with coupling phenomenon is the common stator yoke 14; and far away from the coupling point of the two motor elements, the independent stator tooth 12 of the motor teeth without coupling phenomenon has no coupling phenomenon.
- the motor winding is an independent winding 13, and the motor yoke without coupling is an independent stator yoke 11.
- Figure 2 is a vector composite diagram of the coupling magnetic field of the common winding 16 in the two motor units 10a in Figure 1.
- the motor unit 10a on the left is the first motor unit
- the motor unit 10a on the right is the second motor unit.
- the magnetic field direction of the C-phase winding (ie, the common winding 16) of the first motor unit is toward the outside of the first motor unit.
- the inner direction of the second motor unit that is, the magnetic field of the C-phase winding of the first motor unit flows into the B-phase winding of the second motor unit (ie, the common winding 16)
- the magnetic fields are opposite in direction towards the outside of the second motor element, that is, the current phases are 180° out of phase in space.
- the magnetic field direction of the C-phase winding of the first motor unit is in the same direction as the magnetic field direction of the B-phase winding of the second motor unit.
- a compensation winding can be added at the common stator teeth 15 and common stator yoke 14 of the motor main structure 10 , or a compensation winding can be added at the individual stator teeth 12 and individual stator yoke 11 of the motor main structure 10 .
- the motor main structure 10 further includes a compensation winding 21 , and the compensation winding 21 is provided on the common stator teeth 15 and/or the common stator yoke 14 .
- a current with a certain amplitude and phase is passed through the compensation winding 21, so that the magnetic field generated by the compensation winding 21 can change the amplitude or phase of the magnetic field flowing through the common stator teeth 15 or the common stator yoke 14, thereby canceling the coupling effect. Impact.
- the motor main structure 10 further includes a compensation winding 22 , and the compensation winding 22 is provided on the individual tooth teeth and/or the individual stator yoke 11 .
- a current with a certain amplitude and phase is passed through the compensation winding 22, so that the magnetic field generated by the compensation winding 22 can change the amplitude or phase of the magnetic field flowing through the independent stator teeth 12 or the independent stator yoke 11, thereby compensating The impact of coupling effects.
- the internal spaces of each motor unit 10a are independent of each other, that is, the internal spaces of each motor unit 10a are not connected.
- the common stator yoke 14 includes a first yoke portion 141 formed by splicing two adjacent individual stator yokes 11 . It can be understood that the first yoke portion 141 is formed by splicing the stator yoke 11 alone.
- Figure 2 is a vector composite diagram of the coupling magnetic field of the common winding 16 in the two motor units 10a in Figure 1, in which the motor unit on the left 10a is the first motor unit, and the motor unit 10a on the right is the second motor unit.
- the common stator yoke 14 where the two motor units 10a intersect has no magnetic field flowing through it or only A very small amount of magnetic field flows through, thus eliminating the common stator yoke 14 of the two motor units 10a, further reducing the weight of the motor, and further improving the torque density of the motor main structure 10.
- the internal spaces surrounded by the stators of each motor unit 10 a are connected. That is, the common stator parts of the motor units 10 a are removed, and their respective internal spaces are used for communication. Although there are common parts removed, in terms of structure, the stator part connecting two adjacent motor units 10a can be called the common stator yoke 14. That is, at this time, the common stator yoke 14 includes a The second yoke portion 142 is realized as a common stator yoke portion of each motor unit 10a.
- a common stator yoke 14 can be further eliminated.
- the outline of the motor main structure 10 can be modified from the original regular hexagon shown in Figure 3 to that shown in Figure 10 Round.
- the shape of the internal common stator yoke 14 of the motor main structure 10 is modified, adding more hollow spaces and changing the shape of the original common stator yoke 14, so as to further reduce the size of the motor body while satisfying the condition of closing the magnetic circuit.
- the weight of the structure 10 and the extra internal space can also increase the number of winding turns, and its torque density is further improved.
- the outline of the main body structure can also be modified, from the original regular hexagonal one shown in Figure 11 Change the shape to a circle as shown in Figure 12.
- the shape of the internal common stator yoke 14 of the motor main structure 10 is modified to add more hollow spaces and change the shape of the original common stator yoke 14 .
- the central axis of the torque output shaft of each motor unit 10a of the motor main structure 10 in the above embodiment is symmetrical with respect to the geometric center of the motor main structure 10.
- the central axis of the torque output shaft of one motor unit 10a coincides with the geometric center of the current motor main structure 10, while the remaining The central axis of the torque output shaft of the motor unit 10a is symmetrical with respect to the geometric center of the motor main structure 10.
- the stator of the motor unit 10a at the central position can be removed, that is, the internal space of the motor unit 10a is separated from the remaining motor units 10a.
- the spaces are all connected, and, in order to achieve the magnetic circuit closure of the motor unit 10a at the center position, at this time, the common stator yoke 14 also includes a common stator yoke 14 located between the rotors 17 of the two adjacent motor units 10a and not connected with the motor.
- the third yoke portion 143 is connected to the stator of the motor unit 10a, and the opposite ends of the third yoke portion 143 are respectively provided with common stator teeth 15 facing the rotor 17 of the corresponding motor unit 10a.
- the third yoke 143 can be set independently, and an additional support structure can be provided for support and limitation. At the same time, it can also be replaced to facilitate later maintenance.
- the seventh motor unit 10a is then arranged on the motor main structure.
- the third yoke 143 is used to form a closed magnetic circuit between the rotor 17 of the motor unit 10a at the center and the rotors 17 of the other motor units 10a.
- the third yoke 143 can also be used to close the magnetic circuit between non-center and adjacent motor elements 10a.
- a common stator tooth 15 and a common winding 16 can also be provided on the third yoke portion 143. And, according to the common degree of the third yoke part 143, the shape of the third yoke part 143 can be adjusted. As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the third yoke part 143 is in a strip shape, and can be formed at its opposite ends. Common stator teeth 15 and common windings 16 are provided.
- the motor main structure 10 further includes a flux-adjusting bridge 30 , and the opposite ends of the flux-adjusting bridge 30 are respectively connected to two third yokes 143 .
- the function of the flux-adjusting bridge 30 is to realize communication between the same phases of adjacent motor units 10a, thereby increasing the torque of the entire motor main structure 10.
- the material of the flux-adjusting bridge 30 is the same as the material of the third yoke portion 143 .
- the seventh motor unit 10a is then arranged on the motor main structure.
- the third yoke 143 is used to form a closed magnetic circuit between the rotor 17 of the motor unit 10a at the center and the rotors 17 of the other motor units 10a.
- the same magnetic path between adjacent motor units 10a The phases can be connected through the magnetic adjustment bridge 30, thereby achieving the purpose of shortening the magnetic circuit and increasing the torque.
- the opposite ends of the flux-adjusting bridge 30 are respectively connected to one of the second yoke parts 142 and one of the third yoke parts 143 .
- the opposite ends of a part of the flux-adjusting bridges 30 are respectively connected to the two third yokes 143 , and the opposite ends of the remaining flux-adjusting bridges 30 are respectively connected to one of the second yoke parts 142 and one of the third yoke parts 143.
- the number of poles and slots of each motor unit 10a can be the same or different. Please refer to the figure. In this embodiment, the number of poles and the number of slots of each motor element 10a of the motor main structure 10 are different.
- the common stator yoke 14 also includes a fourth yoke portion 144 located between the rotors 17 of adjacent motor units 10a and not connected to the stator of the motor unit 10a, and the fourth yoke portion 144 has a The two first sub-sections 14a facing the rotors 17 of the two adjacent motor units 10a and the second sub-section facing the rotor 17 of the central motor unit 10a, and the two first sub-sections 14a are respectively connected to the second Opposite ends of the subsection.
- the second sub-section is the key to adjusting the number of poles and slots of the centrally located motor unit 10a, for example, changing the length of the second sub-section 14b, or arranging windings at the corresponding second sub-section 14b.
- the seventh motor unit 10a is then arranged on the motor main structure.
- the fourth yoke portion 144 is used to form a closed magnetic circuit between the rotor 17 of the motor unit 10a at the center position and the rotors 17 of the other motor units 10a.
- the fourth yoke portion 144 is adjusted.
- the length of the two sub-sections 14b can adjust the number of poles and slots of the motor unit 10a at the central position.
- the motor main structure 10 also includes a magnetizing block 40.
- the magnetizing block 40 surrounds the rotor 17 of the motor unit 10a at the center and corresponds to the second sub-section 14b. It can be understood that the magnetizing block 40 can couple the magnetic field generated by the common winding 16 of the motor unit 10a except the central position, thereby realizing the output of the torque of the motor unit 10a at the central position, that is, the magnetizing block 40 can replace the stator teeth. and windings.
- the seventh motor unit 10a is then arranged on the motor main structure.
- the fourth yoke portion 144 is used to form a closed magnetic circuit between the rotor 17 of the motor unit 10a at the center position and the rotors 17 of the other motor units 10a.
- the magnetizing block 40 and the fourth yoke portion The second subsection 14b in 144 corresponds.
- the number of magnetizing blocks 40 is half of the sum of the number of poles of the motor unit 10a in the outer ring and the number of poles of the motor unit 10a at the center position.
- a matrix motor provided by an embodiment of the present application includes the above-mentioned matrix motor unit structure 100 .
- the matrix motor provided by this application based on the matrix motor unit structure 100 described above, can obtain a higher output torque upper limit.
- the matrix motor may be a DC matrix motor.
- the matrix motor unit structure 100 may be a DC matrix motor unit structure.
- the matrix motor may be a two-pole DC matrix motor.
- the matrix motor unit structure 100 may be a two-pole DC matrix motor unit structure.
- the matrix motor may be a flux-switching DC matrix motor.
- the matrix motor unit structure 100 may be a flux-switching matrix motor unit structure.
- the 100 types of switching matrix motor unit structures also include common permanent magnets 18 and individual permanent magnets 19 .
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Abstract
本申请涉及电机技术领域，提供一种矩阵电机单元结构及矩阵电机，该矩阵电机单元包括至少两个电机元，各电机元均在同一平面内以阵列形式相连接且围合形成电机主体结构。本申请提供的矩阵电机单元结构的各电机元排列紧凑，且各电机元之间还可实现结构公用，从而可进一步地减小整体体积和重量，获得更高的输出转矩。
Description
本申请要求于2022年05月16日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210530809.X、发明名称为“一种矩阵电机单元结构及矩阵电机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请涉及电机技术领域，尤其提供一种矩阵电机单元以及具有该矩阵电机单元结构的矩阵电机。
电机是由定子和转子构成的，定子上开设有定子槽，绕组绕制于定子槽处，通过在定子的各项绕组中通入电流，使得定子产生旋转的磁场矢量，旋转磁场吸引转子旋转，最终，实现电机输出转矩。
电机性能最为重要的指标之一是电机的转矩密度，转矩密度等于电机的转矩与电机的体积之比，或者，电机的转矩与电机的重量之比。因此，通过提高转矩密度可提高电机的输出转矩。通常的措施是，在转子上增设永磁体，或者，增加转子的磁极数，或者，提高通入绕组的电流。然而，定子槽的空间有限、定子和转子的磁导率也存在上限，以及，电流过高也容烧毁定子，因此，限制了电机转矩密度的提升。
在其他实施方式中，也有将两个以上的电机通过传动机构进行连接的方式，来提高电机总的输出转矩，但是，这样也增加了电机系统的整体体积和重量。
申请内容
本申请实施例的目的提供一种矩阵电机单元结构，旨在解决现有的电机的输出转矩提升受限的问题。
为实现上述目的，本申请实施例采用的技术方案是：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种矩阵电机单元结构，包括至少两个电机元，各所述电机元均在同一平面内以阵列形式相连接且围合形成电机主体结构，以使各所述电机元的转矩输出轴的中轴线关于所述电机主体结构的几何中心相对称。
本申请实施例的有益效果：本申请提供的矩阵电机单元结构，包括两个以上的电机元。这里，电机元是能够独立工作的，将各电机元在同一平面内以阵列的形式进行连接，以组成形成电机主体结构，该电机主体结构具有几何中心，即，电机主体结构的外形轮廓是存在对称性的，这样，各电机元的转矩输出轴的中轴线关于该电机主体结构的几何中心相对称。或者，当其中一电机元的转矩输出轴的中轴线与该电机主体结构的几何中心相重合时，那么，其余的电机元的转矩输出轴的中轴线关于该电机主体机构的几何中心相对称。这样，本申请的矩阵电机单元结构的各电机元在同一平面且排列更加紧凑，且，各电机元之间还可实现结构公用，从而可进一步地减小整体体积和重量，然而将各电机元的转矩输出轴通过传动结构进行连接，获得更高的输出转矩。
在一个实施例中，所述电机主体结构包括独用定子轭、设于所述独用定子轭上的独用定子齿、绕于所述独用定子齿上的独用绕组、公用定子轭、设于所述公用定子轭上的公用定子齿、绕于所述公用定子齿上的公用绕组以及用于与所述独用定子齿和/或所述公用定子齿相对应的若干转子，所述独用定子轭、所述独用定子齿和所述独用绕组未其他所述电机元之间存在磁路耦合，所述公用定子轭、所述公用定子齿和所述公用绕组至少与其中一个所述电机元存在磁路耦合。
在一个实施例中，所述电机主体结构还包括抵偿绕组，所述抵偿绕组设于所述公用定子齿和/或所述公用定子轭。
在一个实施例中，所述电机主体结构还包括补偿绕组，所述补偿绕组设于所述独用齿子齿和/或所述独用定子轭。
在一个实施例中，各所述电机元的内部空间相独立，所述公用定子轭包括相邻两个所述独用定子轭拼接形成的第一轭部。
在一个实施例中，各所述电机元的定子所围的内部空间相连通，所述公用定子轭包括用于实现各所述电机元的定子轭部相共用的第二轭部。
在一个实施例中，所述公用定子轭还包括设于相邻两个所述电机元的转子之间，且不与所述电机元的定子相联的第三轭部，并且，所述第三轭部的相对两端分别设有朝向对应的所述电机元的所述转子的所述公用定子齿。
在一个实施例中，所述电机主体结构还包括调磁桥，所述调磁桥的相对两端分别连接于两个所述第三轭部；
或者，所述调磁桥的相对两端分别连接于其中一个所述第二轭部和其中一个所述第三轭部。
在一个实施例中，所述公用定子轭还包括设于相邻的所述电机元的转子之间的，且不与所述电机元的定子相连接的第四轭部，并且，所述第四轭部具有与相邻两个所述电机元的所述转子相对的两个第一子段以及与中心位置的所述电机元的所述转子相对第二子段，并且，两个所述第一子段分别连接于所述第二子段相对两端。
在一个实施例中，所述电机主体结构还包括调磁块，所述调磁块围合于中心位置的所述电机元的所述转子且与所述第二子段相对应。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种矩阵电机，包括上述所述的矩阵电机单元结构。
本申请实施例的有益效果：本申请提供的矩阵电机，在具有上述矩阵电机单元结构的基础上，该矩阵电机能够获得更高的输出转矩上限。
图1为本申请实施例一提供的矩阵电机单元结构的剖面图；
图2为图1中的矩阵电机单元结构的第二电机元B相绕组耦合矢量合成图；
图3为本申请实施例二提供的矩阵电机单元结构的剖面图；
图4为本申请实施例三提供的矩阵电机单元结构的剖面图；
图5为本申请实施例四提供的矩阵电机单元结构的剖面图；
图6为本申请实施例五提供的矩阵电机单元结构的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例六提供的矩阵电机单元结构的主视图；
图8为本申请实施例七提供的矩阵电机单元结构的主视图；
图9为本申请实施例八提供的矩阵电机单元结构的主视图；
图10为本申请实施例九提供的矩阵电机单元结构的剖面图；
图11为本申请实施例十提供的矩阵电机单元结构的剖面图；
图12为本申请实施例十一提供的矩阵电机单元结构的剖面图；
图13为本申请实施例十二提供的矩阵电机单元结构的主视图；
图14为本申请实施例十三提供的矩阵电机单元结构的主视图；
图15为本申请实施例十四提供的矩阵电机单元结构的主视图；
图16为本申请实施例十五提供的矩阵电机单元结构的主视图；
图17为本申请实施例十六提供的矩阵电机单元结构的剖面图；
图18为本申请实施例十七提供的矩阵电机单元结构的剖面图；
图19为本申请实施例十八提供的矩阵电机单元结构的剖面图。
其中，图中各附图标记：
100、矩阵电机单元结构；10、电机主体结构；10a、电机元；11、独用定子轭；12、独用定子齿；13、独用绕组；14、公用定子轭；15、公用定子齿；16、公用绕组；17、转子；21、抵偿绕组；22、补偿绕组；141、第一轭部；142、第二轭部；143、第三轭部；30、调磁桥；144、第四轭部；14a、第一子段；14b、第二子段；40、调磁块；18、公用永磁体；19、独用永磁体。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“长度”、“宽度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
请参考图1、图3至图6，第一方面，本申请实施例提供的矩阵电机单元结构100，包括至少两个电机元10a，各电机元10a均在同一平面内以阵列形式相连接且围合形成电机主体结构10，以使各电机元10a的转矩输出轴的中轴线关于电机主体结构10的几何中心相对称。可以理解地，电机主体结构10的外形轮廓具有对称性，使得各电机元10a在输出转矩时，整体结构受力对称，以达到稳定输出的要求。电机主体结构10的几何中心可为该结构的圆心、重心或各对角线的交点等。在上述基础上，各电机元10a以阵列形成相连接在同一平面内，这里，连接可采用固定连接的方式，例如，焊接、一体成型等，也可采用可拆卸的连接方式，例如，螺纹连接、卡接以及插接等。在进行连接时，各电机元10a之间可实现部分结构的公用，这样，电机主体结构10的整体体积可以更小，以及，整体重量可以更轻，以获得更高的转矩密度，从而获得更高的输出转矩上限值。
当然，还包括以下情况，在处于同一平面的各电机元10a中，其中一电机元10a的转矩输出轴的中轴线与电机主体结构10的几何中心相重合，这样，除该电机元10a的转矩输出轴的中轴线以外，其余电机元10a的转矩输出轴的中轴线关于电机主体结构10的几何中心相对称。
示例地，如图1所示，在同一设置平面内，电机元10a的外形轮毂为正六边形，将两个正六边形的电机元10a的定子边相连接，即，采用并列的阵列方式进行布设，这样，所组合形成的电机主体结构10的外形轮廓为正六边形，该电机主体结构10的几何中心为该正六边形的中心。
示例地，如图3所示，在同一设置平面内，电机元10a的外形轮毂为等边三角形，将六个正六边形的电机元10a的定子边相连接，即，采用环形的阵列方式进行布设，这样，所组合形成的电机主体结构10的外形轮廓为正六边形，该电机主体结构10的几何中心为该正六边形的中心。
示例地，如图4所示，在同一设置平面内，电机元10a的外形轮廓为等边三角形，将四个等边三角形的电机元10a的定子边依次连接，即，采用并排依次交替排列的阵列方式布设，这样，所组合形成的电机主体结构10外形轮廓为平行四边形，该电机主体结构10的几何中心位于平行四边形对角线的交点。
示例地，如图5所示，在同一设置平面内，电机元10a的外形轮毂为正六边形，将上述六个的电机元10a的定子边相连接，即，采用环形的阵列方式进行布设，所组合形成的电机主体结构10的外形轮廓为十八边形，剩余的一个电机元10a的转矩输出轴的中轴线位于该十八边形的中心。
示例地，如图6所示，一个矩阵电机单元结构100可以有两个以上的电机主体结构10组成，如图所示，该矩阵电机单元结构100由三个电机主体结构10层叠形成，该层叠方向与各电机主体结构10的布设方向相垂直，然后，在每个电机主体结构10的几何中心设置输出轴，并且，各输出轴进行连接。
本申请提供的矩阵电机单元结构100，包括两个以上的电机元10a。这里，电机元10a是能够独立工作的，将各电机元10a在同一平面内以阵列的形式进行连接，以组成形成电机主体结构10，该电机主体结构10具有几何中心，即，电机主体结构10的外形轮廓是存在对称性的，这样，各电机元10a的转矩输出轴的中轴线关于该电机主体结构10的几何中心相对称。或者，其中一电机元10a的转矩输出轴的中轴线与该电机主体结构10的几何中心相重合时，那么，其余的电机元10a的转矩输出轴的中轴线关于该电机主体机构的几何中心相对称。这样，本申请的矩阵电机单元结构100的各电机元10a在同一平面且排列更加紧凑，且，各电机元10a之间还可实现结构公用，从而可进一步地减小整体体积和重量，然后将各电机元10a的转矩输出轴通过传动结构进行连接，获得更高的输出转矩。
请参考图7和图8，电机元10a本身包括定子部分和转子部分，但是，各电机元10a在同一平面进行组装成对应的电机主体结构10时，相邻电机元10a的定子部分均存在独立使用，或共同使用，以下，将独立使用的定子部分，以及，共同使用的定子部分做以下限定：
电机主体结构10包括独用定子轭11、独用定子齿12、独用绕组13、公用定子轭14、公用定子齿15、公用绕组16以及若干转子17。这里，转子17的数量与电机元10a的数量相对应，独用定子轭11、独用定子齿12和独用绕组13未其他电机元10a之间存在磁路耦合，以及，公用定子轭14、公用定子齿15和公用绕组16至少与其中一个电机元10a存在磁路耦合，磁路耦合现象是相邻两个电机元10a在通电后，在对应的绕组或定子齿上存在磁场叠加的现象，磁路耦合通常发生在定子上，转子17影响较小，因此，可根据使用需要，调整转子1的类型，例如，可为永磁同步电机转子、感应电机转子、直流无刷电机转子等。独用定子齿12设于独用定子轭11上，独用绕组13绕于独用定子齿12上。公用定子齿15设于公用定子轭14上的，公用绕组16绕于公用定子齿15上的公用绕组16。
示例地，如图1所示，当两个六槽四级的正六边形的电机元10a相拼接，则其某一瞬间的磁场，图1中左边的电机元10a为第一电机元，右边的电机元10a为第二电机元，第一电机元的B相绕组和C相绕组与第二电机元的B相绕组和C相绕组相互耦合，即，第一电机元的C相绕组产生的磁场会进入第二电机元的B相绕组，第二电机元的C相绕组产生磁场会进入第一电机元的B相绕组。此时，第一电机元和第二电机元各自的B相绕组和C相绕组不仅有自身电机元的磁场流过，也有对方的磁场流过，因此，对于有耦合现象的电机齿为公用定子齿15，有耦合现象的绕组为公用绕组16，有耦合现象的电机轭为公用定子轭14；而远离两个电机元耦合处，无耦合现象的电机齿的独用定子齿12，无耦合现象的电机绕组为独用绕组13，无耦合现象的电机轭为独用定子轭11。
示例地，如图1、图2所示，当两个六槽四级的正六边形的电机元10a相拼接（该种情况下，假定两个电机元10a的转子17的磁极都与对应的一个A相重合，即转子17处于对正状态），那么，由于电机元10a之间的磁路耦合相应，流经公用定子齿15和公用绕组16的磁场会被增强或削弱，这样，会导致电机主体结构10中的公用定子齿15、公用绕组16和独用定子齿12、独用绕组13的磁场不相等，进而影响整个电机主体结构10的转矩波动和磁拉力的不平衡。具体地，如图1、2所示，图2为图1中两个电机元10a中公用绕组16耦合磁场的矢量合成图。图1中左边的电机元10a为第一电机元，右边的电机元10a为第二电机元，第一电机元的C相绕组（即公共绕组16）的磁场方向是朝第一电机元外侧方向，但同时朝向第二电机元内侧方向（即第一电机元的C相绕组的磁场流入第二电机元的B相绕组（即公用绕组16）），这与第二电机元的C相绕组的磁场朝向第二电机元外侧方向相反，即，空间上相差180°电流相位。又由于第二电机元B相绕组磁场在电流相位上超前C相绕组磁场120°电流相位，因此，第一电机元的C相绕组的磁场方向与第二电机元的B相绕组的磁场方向在空间上相差120°-180°=-60°相位角，即，第二电机元的B相绕组与第一电机元的C相绕组空间相位夹角小于90°，因此，磁路耦合现象增强了流经公用绕组16和公用定子齿15的磁场，若该夹角大于90°，那么会消弱流经公用绕组16和公用定子齿15的磁场。
为了平衡电机主体结构10中的公用定子齿15、公用绕组16和独用定子齿12、独用绕组13的磁场不平衡问题，可通过增设绕组的方式来实现。具体地，可在电机主体结构10的公用定子齿15和公用定子轭14处增加抵偿绕组，或者，在电机主体结构10的独用定子齿12和独用定子轭11处增加补偿绕组。
具体地，请参考图8，在一个实施例中，电机主体结构10还包括抵偿绕组21，抵偿绕组21设于公用定子齿15和/或公用定子轭14。可以理解地，在抵偿绕组21中通入一定幅值和相位的电流，使得抵偿绕组21产生的磁场可以改变流过公用定子齿15或公用定子轭14的磁场幅值或相位，从而抵消耦合效应的影响。
或者，具体地，请参考图7，在另一个实施例中，电机主体结构10还包括补偿绕组22，补偿绕组22设于独用齿子齿和/或独用定子轭11。可以理解地，在补偿绕组22中通入一定幅值和相位的电流，使得补偿绕组22产生的磁场可以改变流过独用定子齿12或独用定子轭11的磁场幅值或相位，从而补偿耦合效应的影响。
具体地，如图8所示，在一个实施例中，各电机元10a的内部空间相互独立，即，各电机元10a的内部空间不相连通。此时，公用定子轭14包括相邻两个独用定子轭11拼接形成的第一轭部141。可以理解地，第一轭部141是通过独用定子轭11拼接形成的。
示例地，当两个六槽四级的正六边形的电机元10a相拼接时，图2为图1中两个电机元10a中公用绕组16耦合磁场的矢量合成图，其中，左边的电机元10a为第一电机元，右边的电机元10a为第二电机元，第一电机元的C相绕组（公共绕组16）在垂直于第二电机元的B相绕组（公共绕组16）方向的分量正好与第二个电机元的C相绕组在垂直于第一电机元的B相绕组方向的分量相抵消，因此，该两个电机元10a相交的公用定子轭14并没有磁场流经或仅有非常少量的磁场流经，这样，去除两个电机元10a的公用定子轭14，进一步地减轻电机重量，电机主体结构10的转矩密度得到进一步地提升。
具体地，请参考图9，在一个实施例中，各电机元10a的定子所围的内部空间相连通，即，电机元10a相公用的定子部分被除去，而使用各自的内部空间相连通。虽然有公用的部分被出去，但是，在结构形式上，可将相邻的两个电机元10a相连接的定子部分称之为公用定子轭14，即，此时，公用定子轭14包括用于实现各电机元10a的定子轭部相共用的第二轭部142。
示例地，如图9所示，当两个六槽四级的正六边形的电机元10a相拼接时，公用的定子部分去除后，用于实现连接两个电机元10a的轭部为公用定子轭14的第二轭部142。
请参考图10至图12，在一个实施例中，为了进一步的对相连接后的电机元10a进行减重，可以公用定子轭14做进一步地消除。例如，当六个三槽两级的等边三角形的电机元10a相拼接时，可电机主体结构10的外形轮廓进行改造，由原来图3所示的正六边形改为如图10所示的圆形。同时，将该电机主体结构10的内部公用定子轭14的形状进行改造，增加更多镂空空间以及改变原有的公用定子轭14的形状，在满足磁路闭合的条件下，进一步减小电机主体结构10的重量，多出来的内部空间还可增加绕组匝数，其转矩密度得到进一步地提升。
示例地，如图11、12所示，将六个三槽两极的等边三角形的电机元10a相拼接时，同样可对机主体结构的外形轮廓进行改造，由原来图11所示的正六边形改为如图12所示的圆形。同时，将该电机主体结构10的内部公用定子轭14的形状进行改造，增加更多镂空空间以及改变原有的公用定子轭14的形状。
综合地，以上实施例中的电机主体结构10的各电机元10a的转矩输出轴的中轴线均是相对该电机主体结构10的几何中心对称的。
示例地，如图13、14、15、16所示，在其他实施例中，存在一个电机元10a的转矩输出轴的中轴线与当前的电机主体结构10的几何中心相重合，而其余的电机元10a的转矩输出轴的中轴线均是相对该电机主体结构10的几何中心对称的。
具体地，请参考图13，为了进一步地对上述电机主体结构10进行减重，可将处于中心位置处的电机元10a的定子除去，即，该电机元10a的内部空间与其余的电机元10a的空间均相连通，以及，为了实现中心位置处的电机元10a的磁路闭合，此时，公用定子轭14还包括设于相邻两个电机元10a的转子17之间，且不与电机元10a的定子相联的第三轭部143，并且，第三轭部143的相对两端分别设有朝向对应的电机元10a的转子17的公用定子齿15。这里，第三轭部143是可独立设置的，同时额外的支撑结构进行支撑和限位，同时，也可进行替换，便于后期的维护。
示例地，如图13所示，当六个六槽四级的正六边形的电机元10a相拼接，以形成电机主体结构10的主体部分，再将第七个电机元10a设置再电机主体结构10的中心位置处，这样，利用第三轭部143实现中心处的电机元10a的转子17与其余电机元10a的转子17之间形成闭合的磁路。当然，随着该电机主体结构10的内部空间逐步去除，非中心处的且呈相邻状态的电机元10a之间也可利用第三轭部143实现磁路闭合。
在实现各电机元10a之间的磁路闭合的同时，还可在第三轭部143上设置公用定子齿15和公用绕组16。以及，根据第三轭部143的公用程度，第三轭部143的形状可进行调整，如图所示，在本实施例中，第三轭部143呈条状，可在其相对的端部处设置公用定子齿15和公用绕组16。
请参考图14，在一个实施例中，电机主体结构10还包括调磁桥30，调磁桥30的相对两端分别连接于两个第三轭部143。这里，调磁桥30的作用是用于实现相邻的电机元10a的同相之间的连通，从而增加整个电机主体结构10的转矩。这里，调磁桥30的材质与第三轭部143的材质相同。
示例地，如图14所示，当六个六槽四级的正六边形的电机元10a相拼接，以形成电机主体结构10的主体部分，再将第七个电机元10a设置再电机主体结构10的中心位置处，利用第三轭部143实现中心处的电机元10a的转子17与其余电机元10a的转子17之间形成闭合的磁路，同时，相邻的电机元10a之间的相同的相可通过调磁桥30进行连接，从而达到缩短磁路，提高转矩的目的。
或者，如图14所示，调磁桥30的相对两端分别连接于其中一个第二轭部142和其中一个第三轭部143。
或者，如图14所示，在同一电机主体结构10中，其中一部分的调磁桥30的相对两端分别连接于两个第三轭部143，以及，其余的调磁桥30的相对两端分别连接于其中一个第二轭部142和其中一个第三轭部143。
根据实际的使用需要，在同一电机主体结构10，各电机元10a的极数和槽数可以相同，也可以不同。请参考图，在本实施例中，该电机主体结构10的各电机元10a的极数和槽数不相同。具体的，公用定子轭14还包括设于相邻的电机元10a的转子17之间的，且不与电机元10a的定子相连接的第四轭部144，并且，第四轭部144具有与相邻两个电机元10a的转子17相对的两个第一子段14a以及与中心位置的电机元10a的转子17相对第二子段，并且，两个第一子段14a分别连接于第二子段相对两端。可以理解地，第二子段是调节中心位置的电机元10a的极数和槽数的关键，例如，改变第二子段14b的长度，或者，在对应的第二子段14b处设置绕组。
示例地，如图15所示，当六个六槽四级的正六边形的电机元10a相拼接，以形成电机主体结构10的主体部分，再将第七个电机元10a设置再电机主体结构10的中心位置处，利用第四轭部144实现中心位置处的电机元10a的转子17与其余电机元10a的转子17之间形成闭合的磁路，同时，调整第四轭部144中的第二子段14b的长度，可调整中心位置处的电机元10a的极数和槽数。
请参考图16，在本实施例中，电机主体结构10还包括调磁块40，调磁块40围合于中心位置的电机元10a的转子17且与第二子段14b相对应。可以理解地，调磁块40能够耦合除中心位置的电机元10a的公用绕组16产生的磁场，从而实现中心位置处的电机元10a的转矩的输出，即，调磁块40可替代定子齿和绕组。
示例地，如图16所示，当六个六槽四级的正六边形的电机元10a相拼接，以形成电机主体结构10的主体部分，再将第七个电机元10a设置再电机主体结构10的中心位置处，利用第四轭部144实现中心位置处的电机元10a的转子17与其余电机元10a的转子17之间形成闭合的磁路，同时，调磁块40与第四轭部144中的第二子段14b相对应。其中，调磁块40的数量为外圈的电机元10a的极数和中心位置处的电机元10a的极数之和的一半。
请参考图17至图19，第二方面，本申请实施例提供的矩阵电机，包括上述的矩阵电机单元结构100。
本申请提供的矩阵电机，在具有上述矩阵电机单元结构100的基础上，该矩阵电机能够获得更高的输出转矩上限。
示例地，如图17所示，该矩阵电机可为直流矩阵电机，同理地，该矩阵电机单元结构100为直流矩阵电机单元结构。
示例地，如图18所示，该矩阵电机可为二极直流矩阵电机，同理地，该矩阵电机单元结构100为二极直流矩阵电机单元结构。
示例地，如图19所示，该矩阵电机可为磁通切换直流矩阵电机，同理地，该矩阵电机单元结构100为磁通切换矩阵电机单元结构。并且，在切换矩阵电机单元结构100种，还包括公用永磁体18和独用永磁体19。
以上仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (20)
- 一种矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：包括至少两个电机元，各所述电机元均在同一平面内以阵列形式相连接且形成电机主体结构，所述电机主体结构包括独用定子轭、公用定子轭，所述独用定子轭未与其他所述电机元之间存在磁路耦合，所述公用定子轭至少与其中一个所述电机元存在磁路耦合。
- 根据权利要求1所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：所述电机主体结构包括设于所述独用定子轭上的独用定子齿、绕于所述独用定子齿上的独用绕组、设于所述公用定子轭上的公用定子齿、绕于所述公用定子齿上的公用绕组以及用于与所述独用定子齿和/或所述公用定子齿相对应的若干转子，所述独用定子齿和所述独用绕组未与其他所述电机元之间存在磁路耦合，所述公用定子齿和所述公用绕组至少与其中一个所述电机元存在磁路耦合。
- 根据权利要求1所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：所述电机主体结构还包括抵偿绕组，所述抵偿绕组设于所述公用定子齿和/或所述公用定子轭。
- 根据权利要求3所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：所述电机主体结构还包括补偿绕组，所述补偿绕组设于所述独用齿子齿和/或所述独用定子轭。
- 根据权利要求3所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：各所述电机元的内部空间相独立，所述公用定子轭包括相邻两个所述独用定子轭拼接形成的第一轭部。
- 根据权利要求3所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：各所述电机元的定子所围的内部空间相连通，所述公用定子轭包括用于实现各所述电机元的定子轭部相共用的第二轭部。
- 根据权利要求6所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：所述公用定子轭还包括设于相邻两个所述电机元的转子之间，且不与所述电机元的定子相联的第三轭部，并且，所述第三轭部的相对两端分别设有朝向对应的所述电机元的所述转子的所述公用定子齿。
- 根据权利要求7所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：所述电机主体结构还包括调磁桥，所述调磁桥的相对两端分别连接于两个所述第三轭部；或者，所述调磁桥的相对两端分别连接于其中一个所述第二轭部和其中一个所述第三轭部。
- 根据权利要求6所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：所述公用定子轭还包括设于相邻的所述电机元的转子之间的，且不与所述电机元的定子相连接的第四轭部，并且，所述第四轭部具有与相邻两个所述电机元的所述转子相对的两个第一子段以及与中心位置的所述电机元的所述转子相对第二子段，并且，两个所述第一子段分别连接于所述第二子段相对两端。
- 根据权利要求9所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：当六个六槽四级的正六边形的电机元相拼接，以形成电机主体结构的主体部分，再将第七个电机元设置再电机主体结构的中心位置处时，利用第四轭部能够实现中心位置处的电机元的转子与其余电机元的转子之间形成闭合的磁路。
- 根据权利要求9所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：所述电机主体结构还包括调磁块，所述调磁块围合于中心位置的所述电机元的所述转子且与所述第二子段相对应。
- 根据权利要求1所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：各所述电机元的转矩输出轴的中轴线相对于所述电机主体结构的几何中心相对称。
- 根据权利要求12所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：电机主体结构的几何中心可为该结构的圆心或各对角线的交点。
- 根据权利要求12所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：一个矩阵电机单元结构由两个以上的电机主体结构层叠形成，所述两个以上的电机主体结构的层叠方向与各电机主体结构的布设方向相垂直。
- 根据权利要求12所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：各电机元以阵列形成相连接在同一平面内、且各电机元之间以固定连接或可拆卸式连接的方式连接。
- 根据权利要求15所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：在处于同一平面的各电机元中，其中一电机元的转矩输出轴的中轴线与电机主体结构的几何中心相重合，以使除该电机元的转矩输出轴的中轴线以外，其余电机元的转矩输出轴的中轴线关于电机主体结构的几何中心相对称。
- 根据权利要求12所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：在同一设置平面内，电机元的外形轮毂为正六边形，将两个正六边形的电机元的定子边相连接，即采用并列的阵列方式进行布设。
- 根据权利要求12所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：在同一设置平面内，电机元的外形轮毂为等边三角形，将六个正六边形的电机元的定子边相连接，即采用环形的阵列方式进行布设；或将四个等边三角形的电机元的定子边依次连接，即采用并排依次交替排列的阵列方式布设。
- 根据权利要求12所述的矩阵电机单元结构，其特征在于：在同一设置平面内，电机元的外形轮毂为正六边形，将六个电机元的定子边相连接，即采用环形的阵列方式进行布设。
- 一种矩阵电机，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1至19任一项所述的矩阵电机单元结构。
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB439913A (en) * | 1934-11-27 | 1935-12-17 | Schloemann Ag | Improvements in or relating to rolling mills with direct individual driving of the rolls by electric motors |
| US20010000722A1 (en) * | 1994-04-21 | 2001-05-03 | Ebara Corporation | Multishaft electric motor and positive-displacement pump combined with such multishaft electric motor |
| CN101951092A (zh) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | 电动汽车用双转子电机及相关行星齿轮无级变速系统和控制方法 |
| JP2017118803A (ja) * | 2015-12-26 | 2017-06-29 | 日立金属株式会社 | リニアモータ及び電機子 |
| CN109417333A (zh) * | 2016-07-04 | 2019-03-01 | 维也纳科技大学 | 电机系统 |
| CN115001228A (zh) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-09-02 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | 矩阵电机单元结构及矩阵电机 |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB439913A (en) * | 1934-11-27 | 1935-12-17 | Schloemann Ag | Improvements in or relating to rolling mills with direct individual driving of the rolls by electric motors |
| US20010000722A1 (en) * | 1994-04-21 | 2001-05-03 | Ebara Corporation | Multishaft electric motor and positive-displacement pump combined with such multishaft electric motor |
| CN101951092A (zh) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | 电动汽车用双转子电机及相关行星齿轮无级变速系统和控制方法 |
| JP2017118803A (ja) * | 2015-12-26 | 2017-06-29 | 日立金属株式会社 | リニアモータ及び電機子 |
| CN109417333A (zh) * | 2016-07-04 | 2019-03-01 | 维也纳科技大学 | 电机系统 |
| CN115001228A (zh) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-09-02 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | 矩阵电机单元结构及矩阵电机 |
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