WO2023217150A1 - 扬声器单元及扬声器模组 - Google Patents

扬声器单元及扬声器模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023217150A1
WO2023217150A1 PCT/CN2023/093041 CN2023093041W WO2023217150A1 WO 2023217150 A1 WO2023217150 A1 WO 2023217150A1 CN 2023093041 W CN2023093041 W CN 2023093041W WO 2023217150 A1 WO2023217150 A1 WO 2023217150A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnet
dome
cavity
speaker unit
sound
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PCT/CN2023/093041
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张宇臣
Original Assignee
高创(苏州)电子有限公司
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 高创(苏州)电子有限公司, 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 高创(苏州)电子有限公司
Publication of WO2023217150A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023217150A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/24—Structural combinations of separate transducers or of two parts of the same transducer and responsive respectively to two or more frequency ranges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of speakers, specifically, to a speaker unit and a speaker module.
  • the sound produced by a speaker is divided into a bass band and a treble band. If a speaker can have high sound effects in both the bass and treble bands, consumers will have an excellent experience.
  • the speakers currently on the market are either woofer units, which have good sound effects in the bass band, but poor sound effects in the high-frequency band; or tweeter units, which have good sound effects in the high-frequency band, but poor sound effects in the low-frequency band. They cannot fully consider the high and low frequency bands. High sound quality across the entire spectrum.
  • the mainstream electroacoustic speakers in consumer electronics are either large-sized and used as woofer units to improve low-frequency performance; or small-sized, used as tweeters to improve high-frequency performance. It is impossible to fully consider the high and low units and achieve high performance across the entire frequency range.
  • the current design is to choose two independent units (one large size, one small size) to jointly produce sound to improve performance.
  • this design requires two speakers to be placed in parallel, which takes up space. It is very large and does not conform to the current trend of electronic products being increasingly smaller. This way of placing two speakers in parallel requires both speakers to use a side sounding method, which will reduce the sound wave energy of the tweeter. , greatly reducing the income.
  • this way of placing two speakers in parallel requires the sound hole area of the whole machine to be very large, which seriously affects the appearance design of the whole machine.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a speaker unit and a speaker module.
  • a speaker unit including a first magnet, a second magnet and a third magnet respectively provided on both sides of the first magnet, a first dome being provided above the first magnet, and the first magnet being close to The surface of the first dome is arranged parallel to the first dome.
  • the first magnet and the first dome form a bass cavity.
  • the first magnet, the second magnet and the third magnet are used to provide a magnetic field for the bass cavity.
  • the second magnet is away from the third magnet.
  • a second dome is provided on one side of a magnet.
  • the area of the first dome is larger than the area of the second dome.
  • the second magnet and the second dome form a high-pitched cavity.
  • the second magnet is also used to provide a magnetic field for the high-pitched cavity.
  • the second magnet includes a connected first part and a second part, the thickness of the second part is smaller than the thickness of the first part, the second part is disposed on a side of the first part away from the first magnet, and the second part is disposed on a side of the first part away from the first magnet.
  • the surfaces of the two parts close to the second dome are arranged parallel to the second dome.
  • a first diaphragm is respectively provided between the first dome and the second magnet, and between the first dome and the third magnet.
  • brackets are respectively connected to both sides of the second magnet, and the brackets are provided on both sides of the second part and connected to the first part.
  • first part and the second part are an integrally formed structure, or the first part, the second part and the bracket are an integrally formed structure.
  • a second diaphragm is provided between the second dome and the bracket.
  • the first dome and the second dome are arranged vertically.
  • a first voice coil is installed on a side of the first dome close to the first magnet, and the first voice coil is arranged around the first magnet.
  • a second voice coil is installed on a side of the second dome close to the second magnet, and the second voice coil is arranged around the second part.
  • a speaker module including the speaker unit according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
  • the speaker module also includes a shell.
  • the shell is provided with a sound outlet.
  • the speaker unit is installed in the shell.
  • the sound outlet is used for bass sound and treble sound output of the speaker unit.
  • the speaker The second dome of the unit is arranged toward the sound outlet, a front cavity is formed between the first dome of the speaker unit and the inner wall of the casing, and a rear cavity is formed between the first magnet of the speaker unit and the inner wall of the casing.
  • a first magnet, a second magnet and a third magnet form a bass cavity unit
  • the second magnet includes two connected parts and is arranged in a convex shape. It can also be used as a side magnet of the bass cavity unit.
  • the second magnet Used as a magnet for the treble cavity unit, the second magnet forms a treble cavity unit at the same time, forming a small-volume combined speaker unit with both a bass cavity and a treble cavity.
  • the two cavity units sound together to compensate for each other's high and low frequencies.
  • the frequency response performance of the frequency band achieves high sound quality across the entire frequency band.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of the speaker unit structure in this embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the speaker unit in this embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the speaker module in this embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the sound wave propagation path of the speaker module in this embodiment.
  • Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments. To those skilled in the art.
  • the same reference numbers in the figures indicate the same or similar structure, thus their detailed description will be omitted.
  • the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
  • This embodiment provides a speaker unit 100, which includes a first magnet 1.
  • a second magnet 2 and a third magnet 3 are provided on both sides of the first magnet 1.
  • the first magnet 1 There is a first dome 4 above 1.
  • the surface of the first magnet 1 close to the first dome 4 is arranged parallel to the first dome 4.
  • the first magnet 1 and the first dome 4 4 forms a bass cavity, and the first magnet 1, the second magnet 2 and the third magnet 3 are used to provide a magnetic field for the bass cavity.
  • the side of the second magnet 2 away from the first magnet 1 is provided with a second dome 5.
  • the area of the first dome 4 is larger than the area of the second dome 5.
  • the second magnet 2 is connected to the second dome 5.
  • the second dome shape 5 forms a high-pitched cavity, and the second magnet 2 is also used to provide a magnetic field for the high-pitched cavity.
  • This embodiment provides a speaker unit 100.
  • a bass cavity unit is formed by the first magnet 1, the second magnet 2 and the third magnet 3, and the second magnet 2 is used as a side magnet of the bass cavity unit and can also be used as a tweeter.
  • the second magnet 2 forms a high-pitched cavity unit at the same time, forming a small-volume combined speaker unit 100 with both a bass cavity and a high-pitched cavity.
  • the two cavity units can make up for each other's high and low frequencies by emitting sound together.
  • the frequency response performance of the frequency band achieves high sound quality across the entire frequency band.
  • the second magnet 2 includes a connected first part 21 and a second part 22.
  • the thickness of the second part 22 is smaller than the thickness of the first part 21.
  • the second part 22 is disposed on the first part. The side of the first portion 21 away from the first magnet 1 and the second portion 22 close to the second dome 5 are arranged parallel to the second dome 5 .
  • the speaker unit 100 provided in this embodiment forms a bass cavity unit with a three-magnetic structure through the first magnet 1, the second magnet 2, and the third magnet 3.
  • the first magnet 1 is arranged in the middle position, and the second magnet 2 and the third magnet 3 are arranged in the middle position. Magnets 3 are arranged on both sides, and a first dome 4 is set above the first magnet 1.
  • the first dome 4 and the upper surface of the first magnet 1 need to be arranged in parallel to form a stable
  • the vibration space on the bass cavity; further by reusing the second magnet 2, the second magnet 2 is arranged into a convex structure, which is divided into a connected first part 21 and a second part 22.
  • the first part 21 is close to the first part.
  • the second part 22 of the magnet 1 is the part away from the first magnet 1.
  • the second magnet 2 provides a magnetic field for the high-pitched cavity unit.
  • the second part The thickness of the second part 22 is set smaller than the thickness of the first part 21 to form the second magnet structure shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • a second dome 5 is provided on the side of the second part 22 away from the first magnet 1. In order to ensure that the high-pitched cavity For sound stability, the surfaces of the second dome 5 and the second part 22 close to the second dome 5 need to be arranged in parallel to form a stable vibration space in the high-pitched cavity.
  • the area of the first dome 4 provided in this embodiment is larger than the area of the second dome 5, so as to realize the distinction between high and low-pitched voices.
  • the specific size needs to be determined according to the needs of the user and the high-pitched and low-pitched spaces. Choose based on your needs.
  • the second magnet 2 is used as the connection hub between the left and right units to provide a magnetic field for the left and right units, thereby forming a full-band high-performance combined unit with both a tweeter unit and a bass unit; and the second magnet 2 Reusing the structure into two units can greatly save production costs.
  • the first dome 4 and the second dome 5 in this embodiment generally adopt a stacked structure of aluminum, PMA (propylene glycol methyl ether acetate), and aluminum.
  • a first diaphragm 6 is respectively provided between the first dome 4 and the second magnet 2 and between the first dome 4 and the third magnet 3 .
  • a first diaphragm 6 is disposed between the first dome 4 and the second magnet 2, and between the first dome 4 and the third magnet 3.
  • the first diaphragm 6 drives the first dome 4 up and down.
  • the vibration range of the first diaphragm 6 is the first amplitude.
  • brackets 8 are respectively connected to both sides of the second magnet 2 .
  • the brackets 8 are provided on both sides of the second part 22 and connected to the first part 21 .
  • the high-pitched cavity unit of this embodiment is provided with a bracket 8.
  • the bracket 8 is connected to both sides of the second magnet 2.
  • a magnetic gap is formed by the second magnet 2 and the bracket 8 to provide a magnetic field for the high-pitched cavity unit.
  • first part 21 and the second part 22 are of an integrally formed structure, or the first part 21, the second part 22 and the bracket 8 are of an integrally formed structure.
  • the first part 21 and the second part 22 included in the structure of the second magnet 2 are an integrally formed structure, which can be realized by precision cutting a regular magnet into a convex-shaped structure.
  • the first part 21 and the second part 22 are perpendicular to each other, and the outer surfaces of the first part 21 and the second part 22 are both flat, and the angle formed between the first part 21 and the second part 22 is also a right angle, regular
  • the structure of the second magnet 2 can make it easier to process and install the speaker unit 100.
  • the cut magnet cannot destroy its magnetic induction curve to ensure that it can
  • the high-pitched cavity unit provides a magnetic field.
  • the bracket 8 connected to the second magnet 2 can be made of resin material to save costs;
  • first part 21, the second part 22 and the bracket 8 are all configured as an integral structure, which can be achieved by precision cutting regular magnets to form a recessed groove structure in the middle of the regular magnet structure, and
  • the outer surfaces of the first part 21 and the second part 22 are both flat, and the angle formed between the first part 21 and the second part 22 is also a right angle.
  • the regular structure of the second magnet 2 can make the processing and processing of the speaker unit 100 easier. After installation, the cut magnet cannot destroy its magnetic induction curve to ensure that it can provide a magnetic field for the tweeter cavity unit. This setting method can provide a larger magnetic field for the tweeter cavity unit.
  • a second diaphragm 7 is provided between the second dome 5 and the bracket 8 .
  • a second diaphragm 7 is provided between the second dome 5 and the bracket 8.
  • the second diaphragm 7 drives the second dome 5 to vibrate up and down.
  • the up and down vibration mentioned here is shown in Figure 2.
  • the formation of left-right vibration, the vibration range of the second diaphragm 7 is the second amplitude.
  • first dome 4 and the second dome 5 are arranged vertically.
  • first dome 4 and the second dome 5 are arranged vertically to form a structure as shown in Figure 2.
  • a first voice coil 9 is installed on the side of the first dome 4 close to the first magnet 1 , and the first voice coil 9 is arranged around the first magnet 1 .
  • a first voice coil 9 is also installed on the side of the first dome 4.
  • the first voice coil 9 is formed by winding copper wire.
  • the first voice coil 9 is arranged around the first magnet 1.
  • the first voice coil 9 and the first voice coil 9 are There is a certain gap in the plane where the bottom surface of a magnet 1 (that is, the side of the first magnet 1 away from the first dome 4) is located. This gap is the vibration space under the bass cavity.
  • the vibration space above the bass cavity and the bass are The vibration spaces under the cavity are all related to the first amplitude of the first diaphragm 6, and the distance between the vibration space above the bass cavity and the vibration space below the bass cavity is set (the distance between the vibration space above the bass cavity is the distance between the first dome 4 and the first magnet 1
  • the distance between the upper surface and the vibration space under the bass cavity is (the distance between the plane of the first voice coil 9 and the lower surface of the first magnet 1) twice the amplitude. It is preferable to set the spacing between the vibration spaces above the bass cavity. Slightly less than twice the amplitude, the spacing of the vibration space under the bass cavity is set to about twice the amplitude.
  • the first amplitude is 0.4mm. It is preferred to set the spacing of the vibration space above the bass cavity to 0.6-0.7mm, and the spacing of the vibration space under the bass cavity is set to 0.6-0.7mm. Pitch is 0.7-0.8mm.
  • a second voice coil 10 is installed on the side of the second dome 5 close to the second magnet 2 , and the second voice coil 10 is arranged around the second part 22 .
  • a second voice coil 10 is also installed on the side of the second dome 5.
  • the second voice coil 10 is formed by winding copper wire.
  • the second voice coil 10 is arranged around the second part 22 of the second magnet 2.
  • the situation of the first voice coil 9 is similar.
  • This gap is the vibration space under the high-pitched cavity, where the upper vibration space and the high-pitched cavity are The lower vibration spaces are all related to the second amplitude of the second diaphragm 7.
  • the distance between the upper vibration space and the lower vibration space of the corresponding high-pitched cavity is set to be twice the amplitude. It is preferable to set the distance between the upper vibration space of the high-pitched cavity slightly. Less than twice the amplitude, the spacing of the vibration space under the low and high frequency cavity is set to about twice the amplitude.
  • the preparation process of the speaker unit 100 provided in this embodiment is also relatively simple.
  • a magnet is made into a convex shape, and then is produced according to the normal speaker process.
  • the large-sized bass unit on the right is assembled, and the magnet is assembled first.
  • assemble the voice coil and diaphragm then rotate the speaker 90 degrees, follow the assembly process of the large woofer unit on the right, and then assemble the small tweeter unit on the left.
  • the process flow is very low in implementation cost and extremely cost-effective.
  • this embodiment also provides a speaker module 200 including the above speaker unit 100 .
  • the speaker module 200 provided in this embodiment can achieve simultaneous sound output by the treble unit and the woofer unit, and only one speaker unit 100 is used.
  • the speaker module can set the housing according to the structure of the speaker unit 100 without using a large volume. casing for packaging.
  • the casing 11 is provided with a sound outlet 12.
  • the speaker unit 100 is installed in the casing 11.
  • the sound outlet 12 is used for the bass of the speaker unit.
  • the second dome 5 of the speaker unit 100 is disposed toward the sound outlet 12 .
  • a front cavity 13 is formed between the first dome 4 of the speaker unit 100 and the inner wall of the housing 11
  • a rear cavity 14 is formed between the first magnet 1 of the speaker unit 100 and the inner wall of the housing 11 .
  • This embodiment provides a schematic structural diagram of a speaker module 200, which includes a shell
  • the speaker unit 100 is installed on the housing 11.
  • the housing 11 is provided with a sound outlet 12.
  • the sound outlet 12 is preferably set in the shape of a horn so that the sound can be effectively transmitted; at the same time, it is provided in the housing 11
  • a completely isolated front cavity 13 and a rear cavity 14 are formed between the speaker unit 100 and the inner wall of the casing to realize the function of the speaker module; at the same time, in this embodiment, the treble sound and the bass sound of the speaker module are both made in the same manner.
  • One sound outlet 12 can greatly reduce the area of the regular sound outlet and reduce the impact of the sound outlet area on the entire machine.
  • the second dome 5 is set toward the sound outlet.
  • the first dome 4 and the second dome 5 are set vertically.
  • the diaphragm surface of the bass cavity is at 90 degrees to the sound outlet. The sound wave must first pass through the front cavity cover.
  • the reflection of the unit is then transmitted from the sound hole;
  • the small-sized treble cavity on the left is a direct sound emitting method, that is, the diaphragm surface of the unit is parallel to the sound hole, and the sound wave does not need to be reflected, and can be directly transmitted from the sound hole. .
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the sound wave propagation path of the speaker module in this embodiment.
  • the solid line represents the sound wave propagation path of the side sound
  • the dotted line represents the sound wave propagation path of the forward sound.
  • the speaker module provided by this embodiment can not only take into account the characteristics of the treble and bass units, but also switch the treble and bass modes according to the required scene.
  • a filtering algorithm can also be added to the chip to divide the sound waves into low-frequency sound waves and high-frequency sound waves. , allowing the low-frequency sound wave signals to flow into the large-sized woofer unit, and the high-frequency sound wave signals to flow into the small-sized tweeter unit, so that the high and low frequency units of the sound can be completely separated and the colors are distinct. Since this speaker module can have unique sound effects in each frequency band, it can also be combined with sound effect algorithms, such as using Dolby or Harman algorithms.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本公开是关于一种扬声器单元，包括第一磁铁，第一磁铁两侧分别设有第二磁铁和第三磁铁，第一磁铁上方设有第一球顶，第一磁铁靠近第一球顶的面与第一球顶平行设置，第一磁铁与第一球顶形成低音腔，其中第二磁铁远离其中第一磁铁的一侧设有第二球顶，其中第一球顶面积大于其中第二球顶面积，其中第二磁铁与其中第二球顶形成高音腔，其中第二磁铁还用于为其中高音腔提供磁场。根据本申请实施例提供的技术方案，形成一个既有低音腔又有高音腔的小体积组合扬声器单元，两个腔体单元共同发声，便可相互弥补高、低频段的频响性能，实现全频段的高音质。本公开还提供了一种包括上述扬声器单元的扬声器模组。

Description

扬声器单元及扬声器模组
交叉引用
本公开要求于2022年5月12日提交的申请号为202210516916.7，名称为“扬声器单元及扬声器模组”的中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用全部并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及扬声器领域，具体而言，涉及一种扬声器单元及扬声器模组。
背景技术
随着消费类电子产品技术的高速发展，消费者对于产品音质的要求也越来越高，因此目前市场上主流扬声器的音质已经不能用户需求。众所周知，扬声器发声会分为低音频段和高音频段。若一款扬声器可在低音频段以及高音频段都能有较高的音效，那么消费者便会有极佳的体验。但目前市场上的扬声器要么是低音单元，低音频段音效较好，但高音频段音效较差；要么是高音单元，高音频段音效较好，但低音频段音效差，无法全面兼顾高、低音频段，做到全频段的高音质。
目前消费类电子产品中的主流电声扬声器，要么就是大尺寸的，用做低音单元，提升低频性能；要么就小尺寸的，用作高音单元，提升高频性能。无法全面兼顾高低音单元，实现全频段的高性能。但是为了全面提升高低频性能，现在的设计都是选择两颗独立的单元(一颗大尺寸，一颗小尺寸)共同发声去提升性能，但是这种设计要两颗扬声器平行摆放，占用空间非常大，不符合目前的电子产品体积日益减小趋势，这种两颗扬声器平行摆放的方式，使得两颗扬声器都要采取侧出音的发声方式，这样便会减小高音单元的声波能量，使收益大大降低。而且这种两颗扬声器平行摆放的方式，需要整机的出音孔面积非常大，严重影响整机的外观设计。
需要说明的是，在上述背景技术部分公开的信息仅用于加强对本公 开的背景的理解，因此可以包括不构成对本领域普通技术人员已知的现有技术的信息。
发明内容
本公开的目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种扬声器单元及扬声器模组。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供提供一种扬声器单元，包括第一磁铁，第一磁铁两侧分别设有第二磁铁和第三磁铁，第一磁铁上方设有第一球顶，第一磁铁靠近第一球顶的面与第一球顶平行设置，第一磁铁与第一球顶形成低音腔，第一磁铁、第二磁铁和第三磁铁用于为低音腔提供磁场，第二磁铁远离第一磁铁的一侧设有第二球顶，第一球顶面积大于第二球顶面积，第二磁铁与第二球顶形成高音腔，第二磁铁还用于为高音腔提供磁场。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第二磁铁包括相连的第一部和第二部，第二部厚度小于第一部厚度，第二部设置在第一部远离第一磁铁的一侧，第二部靠近第二球顶的面与第二球顶平行设置。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第一球顶与第二磁铁之间、第一球顶与第三磁铁之间分别设有第一振膜。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第二磁铁两侧分别连接有支架，支架设置在第二部两侧且与第一部相连接。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第一部和第二部为一体成型结构，或者，第一部、第二部和支架为一体成型结构。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第二球顶与支架之间设有第二振膜。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第一球顶与第二球顶垂直设置。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第一球顶靠近第一磁铁的一侧安装有第一音圈，第一音圈围绕第一磁铁设置。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第二球顶靠近第二磁铁的一侧安装有第二音圈，第二音圈围绕第二部设置。
根据本公开的另一个方面，提供一种扬声器模组，包括本公开的一个方面所述的扬声器单元。
在本公开的一个实施例中，扬声器模组还包括壳体，壳体上设有出音口，扬声器单元安装在壳体内，出音口用于扬声器单元的低音出音和高音出音，扬声器单元的第二球顶朝向出音口设置，扬声器单元的第一球顶与壳体内壁之间形成有前腔，扬声器单元的第一磁铁与壳体内壁之间形成有后腔。
本公开通过第一磁铁、第二磁铁和第三磁铁形成一个低音腔单元，并且第二磁铁包括相连的两个部分，设置成凸字形的形状，同时作为低音腔单元的边磁使用，还可以作为高音腔单元的磁铁使用，第二磁铁同时形成一个高音腔单元，形成一个既有低音腔又有高音腔的小体积组合扬声器单元，两个腔体单元共同发声，便可相互弥补高、低频段的频响性能，实现全频段的高音质。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本公开。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本公开的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本实施例中扬声器单元结构爆炸示意图；
图2为本实施例中扬声器单元剖面图；
图3为本实施例中扬声器模组剖面图；
图4为本实施例中扬声器模组声波传播途径示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式；相反，提供这些实施方式使得本公开将全面和完整，并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似 的结构，因而将省略它们的详细描述。此外，附图仅为本公开的示意性图解，并非一定是按比例绘制。
请参考图1和图2，本实施例提供一种扬声器单元100，包括第一磁铁1，所述第一磁铁1两侧分别设有第二磁铁2和第三磁铁3，所述第一磁铁1上方设有第一球顶4，所述第一磁铁1靠近所述第一球顶4的面与所述第一球顶4平行设置，所述第一磁铁1与所述第一球顶4形成低音腔，所述第一磁铁1、所述第二磁铁2和所述第三磁铁3用于为所述低音腔提供磁场。
所述第二磁铁2远离所述第一磁铁1的一侧设有第二球顶5，所述第一球顶4面积大于所述第二球顶5面积，所述第二磁铁2与所述第二球顶形5成高音腔，所述第二磁铁2还用于为所述高音腔提供磁场。
本实施例提供一种扬声器单元100，通过第一磁铁1、第二磁铁2和第三磁铁3形成一个低音腔单元，并且第二磁铁2同时作为低音腔单元的边磁使用，还可以作为高音腔单元的磁铁使用，第二磁铁2同时形成一个高音腔单元，形成一个既有低音腔又有高音腔的小体积组合扬声器单元100，两个腔体单元共同发声，便可相互弥补高、低频段的频响性能，实现全频段的高音质。
进一步的，所述第二磁铁2包括相连的第一部21和第二部22，所述第二部22厚度小于所述第一部21厚度，所述第二部22设置在所述第一部21远离所述第一磁铁1的一侧，所述第二部22靠近所述第二球顶5的面与所述第二球顶5平行设置。
本实施例中提供的扬声器单元100通过第一磁铁1、第二磁铁2、第三磁铁3形成一个三磁结构的低音腔单元，第一磁铁1设置在中间位置，第二磁铁2和第三磁铁3设置在两侧，其中在第一磁铁1上方设置第一球顶4，为了保证该低音腔声音的稳定，第一球顶4与第一磁铁1的上表面需要平行设置，形成稳定的低音腔上振动空间；进一步的通过复用第二磁铁2，将第二磁铁2设置成凸字形的结构，分为相连的第一部21和第二部22，第一部21为靠近第一磁铁1的部分，第二部22为远离第一磁铁1的部分，通过该第二磁铁2为高音腔单元提供磁场，为了保证第二磁铁2为高音腔单元提供磁场和进一步后续元件的安装，将第二部 22的厚度设置小于第一部21的厚度，形成图1和图2所示的第二磁铁结构，第二部22远离第一磁铁1的一侧设置第二球顶5，为了保证该高音腔声音的稳定，同样的第二球顶5与第二部22靠近第二球顶5的面需要平行设置，形成稳定的高音腔上振动空间。其中，为了区分高音腔和低音腔，本实施例中设置的第一球顶4的面积大于第二球顶5的面积，实现高低音的区分，具体的尺寸还需根据用户的需求以及高低音的需求进行选择。
本实施例采用第二磁铁2作为左右两个单元的连接枢纽，为左右两个单元提供磁场，进而形成一个既有高音单元又有低音单元的全频段高性能的组合单元；并且第二磁铁2复用为两个单元的结构，能够大大的节约生产成本。
本实施例中的第一球顶4和第二球顶5一般采用铝、PMA(丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯)、铝叠置的结构。
进一步的，所述第一球顶4与所述第二磁铁2之间、所述第一球顶4与所述第三磁铁3之间分别设有第一振膜6。
为了实现低音腔的功能，第一球顶4与第二磁铁2、第一球顶4与第三磁铁3之间设置第一振膜6，该第一振膜6带动第一球顶4上下振动，第一振膜6振动的范围为第一振幅。
进一步的，所述第二磁铁2两侧分别连接有支架8，所述支架8设置在所述第二部22两侧且与所述第一部21相连接。
本实施例的高音腔单元出设置支架8，支架8连接在第二磁铁2两侧，通过第二磁铁2和支架8形成磁间隙，为高音腔单元提供磁场。
进一步的，所述第一部21和所述第二部22为一体成型结构，或者，所述第一部21、所述第二部22和所述支架8为一体成型结构。
本实施例中第二磁铁2结构包括的第一部21和第二部22为一体成型结构，可以通过对规则磁铁进行精密切割的方式实现，将其切割成凸字形的结构，优选的切割后的第一部21和第二部22相互垂直，并且第一部21和第二部22外表面均为平面，第一部21和第二部22之间形成的夹角也为直角，规则的第二磁铁2结构能够更加便于扬声器单元100的加工和安装，切割后的磁铁不能破坏其磁感应曲线，以保证其能够为 高音腔单元提供磁场，此时，与第二磁铁2相连的支架8可以采用树脂材质进行制备，节省成本；
或者，将第一部21、第二部22和支架8均设置为一体成型的结构，可以通过对规则的磁铁进行精密切割的方式实现，在规则的磁铁结构中间形成凹陷的凹槽结构，并且第一部21和第二部22外表面均为平面，第一部21和第二部22之间形成的夹角也为直角，规则的第二磁铁2结构能够更加便于扬声器单元100的加工和安装，切割后的磁铁不能破坏其磁感应曲线，以保证其能够为高音腔单元提供磁场，该设置方式能够为高音腔单元提供更大的磁场。
进一步的，所述第二球顶5与所述支架8之间设有第二振膜7。
为了实现高音腔的功能，第二球顶5与支架8之间设置第二振膜7，该第二振膜7带动第二球顶5上下振动，此处所说的上下振动在图2中为左右振动的形成，第二振膜7振动的范围为第二振幅。
进一步的，所述第一球顶4与所述第二球顶5垂直设置。
为了使得形成的高音腔和低音腔相互之间的影响较小，也为了制备和安装的方便，将第一球顶4和第二球顶5垂直设置，形成如图2所示的结构。
进一步的，所述第一球顶4靠近所述第一磁铁1的一侧安装有第一音圈9，所述第一音圈9围绕所述第一磁铁1设置。
本实施例中第一球顶4侧面还安装第一音圈9，该第一音圈9采用铜线绕制形成，第一音圈9围绕第一磁铁1设置，第一音圈9与第一磁铁1底面(也就是第一磁铁1远离第一球顶4的一面)所在平面存在一定的间隙，该间隙为低音腔下振动空间，上面所述的低音腔上振动空间和此处的低音腔下振动空间均与第一振膜6的第一振幅相关，设置低音腔上振动空间和低音腔下振动空间的间距(低音腔上振动空间的间距为第一球顶4距离第一磁铁1上表面的距离，低音腔下振动空间的间距为第一音圈9与第一磁铁1下表面所在平面之间的距离)为振幅的两倍，优选的将低音腔上振动空间的间距设置的略小于两倍振幅，低音腔下振动空间的间距设置的为两倍振幅左右，例如第一振幅为0.4mm，优选的设置低音腔上振动空间的间距为0.6-0.7mm，低音腔下振动空间的间距 为0.7-0.8mm。
进一步的，所述第二球顶5靠近所述第二磁铁2的一侧安装有第二音圈10，所述第二音圈10围绕所述第二部22设置。
本实施例中第二球顶5侧面还安装第二音圈10，该第二音圈10采用铜线绕制形成，第二音圈10围绕第二磁铁2的第二部22设置，与上述第一音圈9的情况类似，该第二音圈10与第二磁铁2第一部21之间存在一定的间隙，该间隙为高音腔下振动空间，其中，高音腔上振动空间和高音腔下振动空间均与第二振膜7的第二振幅相关，设置相应高音腔上振动空间和高音腔下振动空间的间距为振幅的两倍，优选的将高音腔上振动空间的间距设置的略小于两倍振幅，低高音腔下振动空间的间距设置的为两倍振幅左右。
本实施例提供的扬声器单元100的制备过程也较为简单，将一个磁铁制作成凸字形状，然后按照正常的扬声器工艺流程去制作，先把右侧的大尺寸低音单元组装完成，先组装磁铁，再组装音圈和振膜，然后把这个扬声器旋转90度，按照右侧这个大尺寸低音单元组装流程再去组装左侧的小尺寸高音单元，这样这颗扬声器就组装完成了，不需要复杂的工艺流程，实现成本非常低，性价比极高。
如图3所示，本实施例还提供一种扬声器模组200，包括上述扬声器单元100。
本实施例提供的扬声器模组200能够实现高音和低音单元同时出音，并且至采用上述一个扬声器单元100即可，扬声器模组可以根据扬声器单元100的结构进行壳体的设置，无需使用大体积的壳体进行包装。
进一步的，还包括壳体11，所述壳体11上设有出音口12，所述扬声器单元100安装在所述壳体11内，所述出音口12用于所述扬声器单元的低音出音和高音出音，所述扬声器单元100的第二球顶5朝向所述出音口12设置。
所述扬声器单元100的第一球顶4与所述壳体11内壁之间形成有前腔13，所述扬声器单元100的第一磁铁1与所述壳体11内壁之间形成有后腔14。
本实施例中提供了一种扬声器模组200的结构示意图，其中包括壳 体11，扬声器单元100安装在壳体11上，壳体11设置出音口12，该出音口12优选的设置为喇叭形状，使得声音能够有效的传出；同时，设置在壳体11内的扬声器单元100与壳体内壁之间形成完全隔离开的前腔13和后腔14，实现扬声器模组的功能；同时，本实施例中扬声器模组的高音出音和低音出音都采用同一个出音口12，可以大大减小正价出音口的面积，减小出音口面积对于整机的影响。
由于，声波在经过反射时，必然会有能量的损失，在低频频段的声波，声波的波长较长，其绕过障碍物的能力较强，所以低频声波在经过反射时，能量损失会很小；但是在高频频段的声波，声波的波长较短，其绕过障碍物的能力较差，所以高频声波在经过反射时，能量损失会很大；因此，本实施例中将扬声器单元100的第二球顶5朝向出音口的位置设置，第一球顶4与第二球顶5垂直设置，低音腔的振膜面与出音口呈90度，声波要先经过前腔盖板的反射再从出音孔传出；左面的小尺寸高音腔是正出音的出音方式，即单元的振膜面与出音孔平行，声波不需要反射，便可直接从出音孔传出。
如图4所示为本实施例扬声器模组的声波传播路径示意图，实线代表侧出音声波传播途径，虚线代表正出音的声波传播途径，由图4可知，而这颗扬声器装在壳体内，正好是低音腔侧出音，能量损失很小；高音腔正出音，不经过反射，没有能量损失。本实施例提供的扬声器模组不仅可以大大减小声波传播的能量损失，而且还可以保证高音腔单元和低音腔单元在各自的频段里完美的发挥其性能，做到性能最大化，提升用户的音质体验，另外，这颗扬声器里面的两个单元可以共用一个出音口，可以大大减小整机出音孔的面积，减小出音孔面积对于整机的影响。
本实施例提供的扬声器模组既可以全面兼顾高低音单元的特性，也可以根据需要的场景转换高低音模式，优选的，还可以在芯片里面添加滤波算法，把声波分成低频声波和高频声波，让低频声波的信号流入大尺寸低音单元，让高音声波的信号流入小尺寸的高音单元，这样就可以使声音的高低音单元完全分开，色彩分明。由于此扬声器模组可在各频段有着独特的音效，所以还可以与音效算法结合起来，例如采用Dolby或者Harman算法，与算法音效结合之后，软硬件结合，可以把各个频 段的音效发挥到极致，低音频段浓郁浑厚，高音频段苍劲有力，立体环绕，给用户带来身临其境的真实感受，做到其他扬声器无法达到的高度，突破音效的极限，所以使用场景也可以切换自如，针对不同的场景呈现出不同的音效。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本公开的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本公开的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本公开的一般性原理并包括本公开未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本公开的真正范围和精神由所附的权利要求指出。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种扬声器单元，其中，包括第一磁铁，所述第一磁铁两侧分别设有第二磁铁和第三磁铁，所述第一磁铁上方设有第一球顶，所述第一磁铁靠近所述第一球顶的面与所述第一球顶平行设置，所述第一磁铁与所述第一球顶形成低音腔，所述第一磁铁、所述第二磁铁和所述第三磁铁用于为所述低音腔提供磁场，
    所述第二磁铁远离所述第一磁铁的一侧设有第二球顶，所述第一球顶面积大于所述第二球顶面积，所述第二磁铁与所述第二球顶形成高音腔，所述第二磁铁还用于为所述高音腔提供磁场。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器单元，其中，所述第二磁铁包括相连的第一部和第二部，所述第二部厚度小于所述第一部厚度，所述第二部设置在所述第一部远离所述第一磁铁的一侧，所述第二部靠近所述第二球顶的面与所述第二球顶平行设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的扬声器单元，其中，所述第一球顶与所述第二磁铁之间、所述第一球顶与所述第三磁铁之间分别设有第一振膜。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的扬声器单元，其中，所述第二磁铁两侧分别连接有支架，所述支架设置在所述第二部两侧且与所述第一部相连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的扬声器单元，其中，所述第一部和所述第二部为一体成型结构，或者，所述第一部、所述第二部和所述支架为一体成型结构。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的扬声器单元，其中，所述第二球顶与所述支架之间设有第二振膜。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的扬声器单元，其中，所述第一球顶与所述第二球顶垂直设置。
  8. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的扬声器单元，其中，所述第一球顶靠近所述第一磁铁的一侧安装有第一音圈，所述第一音圈围绕所述第一磁铁设置。
  9. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的扬声器单元，其中，所述第二球顶靠近所述第二磁铁的一侧安装有第二音圈，所述第二音圈围绕所述第二部设置。
  10. 一种扬声器模组，其中，包括权利要求1-9任一所述的扬声器单元。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的扬声器模组，其中，还包括壳体，所述壳体上设有出音口，所述扬声器单元安装在所述壳体内，所述出音口用于所述扬声器单元的低音出音和高音出音，所述扬声器单元的第二球顶朝向所述出音口设置，
    所述扬声器单元的第一球顶与所述壳体内壁之间形成有前腔，所述扬声器单元的第一磁铁与所述壳体内壁之间形成有后腔。
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